Unit 4 Period 1 Topic Talk and Lesson 1（分层作业）英语北师大版选择性必修第二册

Unit 4 Period 1 Topic Talk and Lesson 1 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、根据汉语提示写出英文单词 1. 喜剧；喜剧片 ____________ 2. 假装，装作 ____________ 3. 幽默的，诙谐的 ____________ 4. 口音 ____________ 5. 模仿 ____________ 6. 面部的；脸上的 ____________ 7. 交流；交往；相互作用 ____________ 8. 焦虑，不安，担心 ____________ 9. 增强；改进；提高 ____________ 10. 难堪的，尴尬的 ____________ 11. 潜力，潜能 ____________ 12. 推论，推断 ____________ 13. 大气（层）；气氛，氛围 ____________ 14. 预测，预报 ____________ 15. 宣布，宣告 ____________ 16. 应得，应受到 ____________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. It is widely acknowledged that a good ____________ (幽默的) speech can relax the audience. 2. The actor tried to ____________ (假装) that he had never known the secret. 3. We should learn to ____________ (交流) with different people in social situations. 4. Too much ____________ (焦虑) will stop you from performing well in the competition. 5. The warm lights created a friendly ____________ (气氛) in the small café. 6. The report ____________ (预测) that the temperature will drop sharply tomorrow. 7. The judge ____________ (宣布) the final result of the competition at last. 8. Everyone who makes great efforts ____________ (应得) respect and praise. 9. The writer uses a special ____________ (口音) in the story to make the character lively. 10. The new policy will ____________ (增强) the development of local tourism. 三、单句语法填空 1. His ____________ (humour) stories amused all the guests at the dinner party. 2. She felt deeply ____________ (embarrass) after making a careless speech mistake. 3. The ____________ (anxious) on her face suggested that she was waiting for the result anxiously. 4. Frequent ____________ (interact) with native speakers helps improve your oral English. 5. This is a ____________ (significance) discovery that changes people’s traditional opinions. 6. The official ____________ (announce) the new regulation about public safety last Monday. 7. This method is ____________ (potential) helpful for solving the complex technical problem. 8. He is skilled at ____________ (imitate) the voices of different famous actors. 9. The precise ____________ (measure) of the tower took the researchers three whole days. 10. The young actor’s ____________ (perform) of cross talk won loud cheers from the audience. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 专家推断，良好的幽默感可以增强人与人之间的信任。 Experts ____________ that a good sense of humour can strengthen trust between people. 2. 面对突如其来的提问，他假装镇定，努力掩饰内心的焦虑。 Faced with the sudden question, he ____________ and tried to hide his inner anxiety. 3. 这个项目的潜力巨大，它有望提升我们跨文化交流的效率。 The project ____________ and it is expected to improve the efficiency of our cross-cultural communication. 4. 这个年轻的喜剧演员值得所有观众的掌声，因为他的表演充满创意。 The young comedian ____________ from all the audience for his creative performance. 5. 主持人宣布了比赛结果之后，现场轻松愉快的氛围达到了顶峰。 After the host ____________ of the contest, the light and pleasant atmosphere reached its peak. 五、语法填空 （25-26高二下·辽宁·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, numerous senior-two students 1 (trap) in intense academic pressure, and psychological anxiety has ranked among the most typical 2 (challenge) on high-school campuses. High academic goals and parents’ high expectations tend to make 3 (they) emotionally fragile and easily discouraged. A large number of teenagers lack effective strategies 4 (regulate) their negative moods when facing setbacks. When overwhelming stress strikes, some students tend to keep it to themselves, because they are afraid of being laughed at. In fact, burying negative feelings will only make mental tension worse. Communicating with reliable peers or professional advisors 5 (serve) as a practical approach to easing inner anxiety. Additionally, doing regular physical exercises can refresh your body 6 stabilize your nervous system. If you suffer from persistent stress, you are supposed to take 7 intentional break from tight study schedules. Immersing yourself in soft melodies will make you feel 8 (peaceful) than usual. Furthermore, cultivating a positive mindset is 9 vital significance. Those 10 master the art of emotional self-control are more likely to maintain mental well-being and achieve academic breakthroughs. Never give up, and you will gradually regain inner balance and confidence. 六、阅读理解 （26-27高二上·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试）The idea that smiling can make you feel happier has a long history. Early psychologists were thinking about it in the 1880s. More than a hundred studies have been published on the topic. And it’s a trope (比喻) of pop wisdom: “Smile, though your heart is aching,” sang Nat King Cole in 1954. “You’ll find that life is still worthwhile, if you’ll just smile.” In 2018, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm that facial feedback was real. The researchers asked participants to hold a pen in their mouths in a position that forced them either to expose their teeth in a copy of a smile or to purse (撅) their lips around the pen. To make sure that no one was clued in to the researchers’ interest in smiles, the experimenters told participants that they were exploring how people with physical disabilities might write or perform other ordinary tasks. When both groups were shown a set of newspaper comics — specifically, illustrations from Gary Larson’s The Far Side — the teeth-exposers rated the images as funnier than the lip-pursers did. This was a big deal for the facial feedback hypothesis (假设) : Even though participants weren’t thinking about smiling or their mood, just moving their face into a smile-like shape seemed to affect their emotions. And so the finding made its way into psychology textbooks and countless news headlines. Decades of confirmation followed, as researchers published other experiments that also showed support for the facial feedback hypothesis. But in 2025, all at once, 17 labs failed to repeat the pen study. 1．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．Participants were physically disabled. B．Participants felt confused about the study. C．Researchers didn’t share their true purpose. D．Researchers didn’t show their facial feedback. 2．What does the result of the pen study indicate? A．Holding a pen makes comics seem funnier to people. B．A pleasant mood helps people appreciate humor more. C．Smiling frequently brings people a more enjoyable life. D．Facial movements may shape one’s moods unconsciously. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the result of the experiment? A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Design and Results of a Pen Study. B．The Smiling Hypothesis: Still in Doubt. C．Smiling Can Really Make You Happier. D．The Power of a Smile: The Proven Truth. 七、七选五 （25-26高二下·山东临沂·期末）When someone reaches out to you with an emotionally charged text, responding appropriately is never an easy task. Lacking facial cues and vocal tones, written messages often fail to convey genuine feelings accurately. Many people are at a loss about how to convey sincere care through written words. 1 It helps build trust and makes the other person feel truly seen and valued. Learning to listen patiently stands as the primary principle in such communication. Rather than rushing to offer practical advice the moment you receive the message, you ought to prioritize emotional recognition first. Most people in low spirits do not expect instant solutions to their troubles. 2 Any form of criticism or casual denial of their feelings will only push them further away, damaging the connection between you. 3 People tend to express inner frustration in vague and indirect ways online. Without body language or tone, even simple messages can be misunderstood easily. It is therefore necessary to adopt subtle ways to confirm their true thoughts. Only by figuring out their real state of mind can you deliver targeted comfort instead of empty remarks. In the course of communication, keep the dialogue centered on their inner experience. It is fairly easy for people to shift topics to their own similar sufferings unconsciously. This kind of behavior can make the other person feel ignored and unimportant. 4 Brief resonance is acceptable, yet endless self-expression is totally inappropriate. Some widely accepted comforting phrases actually have the opposite effects in such situations. Those stereotyped (老套的) words sound indifferent and cold. They may make others think you are not taking their feelings seriously. 5 Instead, try to put yourself in their position and speak from sincere understanding. A．Mastering proper response skills matters a lot. B．It is wise to solve practical problems immediately. C．They simply need sincere understanding and spiritual comfort. D．Misinterpretation is quite common in text-based communication. E．You are supposed to emphasize less on your own past experiences. F．Such comfort tends to make people feel their pain is underestimated. G．Face-to-face conversation is regarded as the most effective way of comfort. （2026·北京·高考真题）The 21st century has created a whole range of new types of professionals that we have never had before — or if not quite new, at least newly repackaged. The world has always had influential people, for instance, but only now do we have “Influencer”. Similarly, the corporate world has certainly known its fair share of disruption, yet it is only in the last couple of decades that the “Disruptor” has become a recognisable figure in the way we talk about big business. In an earlier era, the Disruptor would have been called an Innovator. Yet while an Innovator creates something new, the Disruptor is defined as much by what they destroy as by what they create. The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else’s problem. It’s an attitude best summed up as “Move fast and break things.” Back in 1929, G. K. Chesterton identified the core problem with moving fast and breaking things through a thought experiment. Imagine there is a fence along a road. Suppose it’s been there a long time, and was put there for some purpose. But that purpose is lost over time. To us, now, the fence seems to be nothing but an impediment. Why not remove it? When faced with such a fence, Chesterton thinks the fact that we can’t see the point of the fence is why we should not tear it down. Some fences keep foxes out of henhouses, for instance. If you think you can do without the fence because you’ve never seen a fox, consider if the existence of the fence is precisely why you’ve never seen one. Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition. We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them. If we’re too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don’t yet realise we rely upon. But uncritical devotion to the “way things are done” can also deny us the possibility of better days. What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive. Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess. We need the ability to work out which messes are worth avoiding — because however impressively fast you move, some things can’t be easily unbroken. 1．Regarding Chesterton’s principle, the author is _____________. A．supportive B．doubtful C．conflicted D．disappointed 2．What does the word “impetuous” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Short-sighted. B．Narrow-minded. C．Hot-headed. D．Old-fashioned. 3．What can we infer from this passage about the Disruptor? A．They may clear up other people’s mess. B．They are in favour of the preventive principle. C．They preserve more traditions than they break. D．They may create more problems than they solve. 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Humility should be a driving force for human progress. B．Innovation should move forward the wheel of tradition. C．Reform should draw from the wellspring of past wisdom. D．Disruption should be given priority in social development. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 4 Period 1 Topic Talk and Lesson 1 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 一、根据汉语提示写出英文单词 1. 喜剧；喜剧片 ____________ 2. 假装，装作 ____________ 3. 幽默的，诙谐的 ____________ 4. 口音 ____________ 5. 模仿 ____________ 6. 面部的；脸上的 ____________ 7. 交流；交往；相互作用 ____________ 8. 焦虑，不安，担心 ____________ 9. 增强；改进；提高 ____________ 10. 难堪的，尴尬的 ____________ 11. 潜力，潜能 ____________ 12. 推论，推断 ____________ 13. 大气（层）；气氛，氛围 ____________ 14. 预测，预报 ____________ 15. 宣布，宣告 ____________ 16. 应得，应受到 ____________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. It is widely acknowledged that a good ____________ (幽默的) speech can relax the audience. 2. The actor tried to ____________ (假装) that he had never known the secret. 3. We should learn to ____________ (交流) with different people in social situations. 4. Too much ____________ (焦虑) will stop you from performing well in the competition. 5. The warm lights created a friendly ____________ (气氛) in the small café. 6. The report ____________ (预测) that the temperature will drop sharply tomorrow. 7. The judge ____________ (宣布) the final result of the competition at last. 8. Everyone who makes great efforts ____________ (应得) respect and praise. 9. The writer uses a special ____________ (口音) in the story to make the character lively. 10. The new policy will ____________ (增强) the development of local tourism. 三、单句语法填空 1. His ____________ (humour) stories amused all the guests at the dinner party. 2. She felt deeply ____________ (embarrass) after making a careless speech mistake. 3. The ____________ (anxious) on her face suggested that she was waiting for the result anxiously. 4. Frequent ____________ (interact) with native speakers helps improve your oral English. 5. This is a ____________ (significance) discovery that changes people’s traditional opinions. 6. The official ____________ (announce) the new regulation about public safety last Monday. 7. This method is ____________ (potential) helpful for solving the complex technical problem. 8. He is skilled at ____________ (imitate) the voices of different famous actors. 9. The precise ____________ (measure) of the tower took the researchers three whole days. 10. The young actor’s ____________ (perform) of cross talk won loud cheers from the audience. 参考答案 一、1.comedy 2.pretend 3.humorous 4.accent 5.imitate 6.facial 7.interact 8.anxiety 9.enhance 10.embarrassed 11.potential 12.deduce 13.atmosphere 14.forecast 15.announce 16.deserve 二、1.humorous 2.pretend 3.interact 4.anxiety 5.atmosphere 6.forecasts 7.announced 8.deserves 9.accent 10.enhance 三、1.humorous 2.embarrassed 3.anxiety 4.interaction 5.significant 6.announced 7.potentially 8.imitating 9.measurement 10.performance 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. 专家推断，良好的幽默感可以增强人与人之间的信任。 Experts ____________ that a good sense of humour can strengthen trust between people. 2. 面对突如其来的提问，他假装镇定，努力掩饰内心的焦虑。 Faced with the sudden question, he ____________ and tried to hide his inner anxiety. 3. 这个项目的潜力巨大，它有望提升我们跨文化交流的效率。 The project ____________ and it is expected to improve the efficiency of our cross-cultural communication. 4. 这个年轻的喜剧演员值得所有观众的掌声，因为他的表演充满创意。 The young comedian ____________ from all the audience for his creative performance. 5. 主持人宣布了比赛结果之后，现场轻松愉快的氛围达到了顶峰。 After the host ____________ of the contest, the light and pleasant atmosphere reached its peak. 四、1.deduce from the research 2.pretended to stay calm 3.has great potential 4.deserves warm applause 5.announced the final result 五、语法填空 （25-26高二下·辽宁·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, numerous senior-two students 1 (trap) in intense academic pressure, and psychological anxiety has ranked among the most typical 2 (challenge) on high-school campuses. High academic goals and parents’ high expectations tend to make 3 (they) emotionally fragile and easily discouraged. A large number of teenagers lack effective strategies 4 (regulate) their negative moods when facing setbacks. When overwhelming stress strikes, some students tend to keep it to themselves, because they are afraid of being laughed at. In fact, burying negative feelings will only make mental tension worse. Communicating with reliable peers or professional advisors 5 (serve) as a practical approach to easing inner anxiety. Additionally, doing regular physical exercises can refresh your body 6 stabilize your nervous system. If you suffer from persistent stress, you are supposed to take 7 intentional break from tight study schedules. Immersing yourself in soft melodies will make you feel 8 (peaceful) than usual. Furthermore, cultivating a positive mindset is 9 vital significance. Those 10 master the art of emotional self-control are more likely to maintain mental well-being and achieve academic breakthroughs. Never give up, and you will gradually regain inner balance and confidence. 【答案】 1．are trapped 2．challenges 3．them 4．to regulate 5．serves 6．and 7．an 8．more peaceful 9．of 10．who 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了高二学生普遍深陷学业与心理焦虑，文中给出倾诉、运动、听歌等调节方法，强调学会情绪自控利于身心健康与学业进步。 1．考查时态和语态。句意：如今，许多高二学生深陷巨大的学业压力之中，心理焦虑已成为高中校园中最常见的挑战之一。固定搭配be trapped in 表示“陷入……（困境）”；主语students为复数，结合句首Nowadays可知用一般现在时，因此填一般现在时的被动形式are trapped。 2．考查名词复数形式。句意：如今，许多高二学生深陷巨大的学业压力之中，心理焦虑已成为高中校园中最常见的挑战之一。among表示“在……之中”，后接可数名词复数，指 “众多典型挑战之一”；challenge为可数名词，故变为复数challenges。 3．考查代词。句意：高昂的学业目标和家长的过高期望往往使他们情绪脆弱，容易感到沮丧。空格处在动词make后作宾语，需用人称代词宾格形式；they的宾格为them，指代学生们。 4．考查动词不定式。句意：许多青少年在遭遇挫折时，缺乏有效调节负面情绪的方法。名词 strategies后常用不定式作后置定语，构成strategies to do sth“做某事的策略”。 5．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：与值得信赖的同学或专业辅导员交流，是一种缓解内心焦虑的有效方式。句子主语是动名词短语 Communicating with...，动名词作主语时谓语动词用单数；全文为一般现在时，故serve变为第三人称单数 serves。 6．考查连词。句意：此外，坚持规律的身体锻炼有助于焕发活力，稳定神经系统。空格前后的refresh your body和stabilize your nervous system是情态动词can后的两个并列动作，是顺承并列关系，因此用并列连词and。 7．考查冠词。句意：如果你长期承受压力，应当有意识地从紧张的学习计划中抽身休息。此处为固定搭配take a break意为“休息一下”；intentional以元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。 8．考查形容词比较级。句意：沉浸在柔和的音乐中，会让你感觉比平时更加平静。空格后有比较级标志词than，表示“比平时更平静”，多音节形容词peaceful的比较级形式为more peaceful。 9．考查固定短语。句意：此外，培养积极的心态是至关重要的。be of + 抽象名词= be + 该名词对应的形容词，be of vital significance = be vitally significant，意为“至关重要的”，因此填介词of。 10．考查定语从句。句意：那些掌握情绪自我控制的人，更有可能保持心理健康并取得学业上的突破。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词 Those（指代人），关系词在从句中作主语，当先行词为those且指人时，关系代词习惯用who。 六、阅读理解 （26-27高二上·重庆沙坪坝·开学考试）The idea that smiling can make you feel happier has a long history. Early psychologists were thinking about it in the 1880s. More than a hundred studies have been published on the topic. And it’s a trope (比喻) of pop wisdom: “Smile, though your heart is aching,” sang Nat King Cole in 1954. “You’ll find that life is still worthwhile, if you’ll just smile.” In 2018, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm that facial feedback was real. The researchers asked participants to hold a pen in their mouths in a position that forced them either to expose their teeth in a copy of a smile or to purse (撅) their lips around the pen. To make sure that no one was clued in to the researchers’ interest in smiles, the experimenters told participants that they were exploring how people with physical disabilities might write or perform other ordinary tasks. When both groups were shown a set of newspaper comics — specifically, illustrations from Gary Larson’s The Far Side — the teeth-exposers rated the images as funnier than the lip-pursers did. This was a big deal for the facial feedback hypothesis (假设) : Even though participants weren’t thinking about smiling or their mood, just moving their face into a smile-like shape seemed to affect their emotions. And so the finding made its way into psychology textbooks and countless news headlines. Decades of confirmation followed, as researchers published other experiments that also showed support for the facial feedback hypothesis. But in 2025, all at once, 17 labs failed to repeat the pen study. 1．What can we learn from the second paragraph? A．Participants were physically disabled. B．Participants felt confused about the study. C．Researchers didn’t share their true purpose. D．Researchers didn’t show their facial feedback. 2．What does the result of the pen study indicate? A．Holding a pen makes comics seem funnier to people. B．A pleasant mood helps people appreciate humor more. C．Smiling frequently brings people a more enjoyable life. D．Facial movements may shape one’s moods unconsciously. 3．What is the author’s attitude towards the result of the experiment? A．Supportive. B．Objective. C．Critical. D．Indifferent. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．The Design and Results of a Pen Study. B．The Smiling Hypothesis: Still in Doubt. C．Smiling Can Really Make You Happier. D．The Power of a Smile: The Proven Truth. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍了“微笑能让人更快乐”这一面部反馈假设的研究历史，以及重复实验失败所引发的争议。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“To make sure that no one was clued in to the researchers’ interest in smiles, the experimenters told participants that they were exploring how people with physical disabilities might write or perform other ordinary tasks.(为了确保没有人察觉到研究人员对微笑的兴趣，实验者告诉参与者，他们正在探索身体残疾的人可能如何书写或完成其他日常任务。)”可知，研究人员没有告诉参与者真实的研究目的。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中“When both groups were shown a set of newspaper comics — specifically, illustrations from Gary Larson’s The Far Side — the teeth-exposers rated the images as funnier than the lip-pursers did. This was a big deal for the facial feedback hypothesis (假设) : Even though participants weren’t thinking about smiling or their mood, just moving their face into a smile-like shape seemed to affect their emotions.(当两组人都观看一组报纸漫画——具体来说，是加里·拉尔森《远方》的插图——时，用牙齿咬住笔的人比用嘴唇含住笔的人把这些图像评为更有趣。这对面部反馈假说来说是个大事件：即使参与者并没有想着微笑或自己的情绪，仅仅是把脸摆成微笑的形状，似乎就影响了他们的情绪)”可知，笔实验的结果表明面部动作可能无意识地影响人的情绪。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中“And so the finding made its way into psychology textbooks and countless news headlines. Decades of confirmation followed, as researchers published other experiments that also showed support for the facial feedback hypothesis. But in 2025, all at once, 17 labs failed to repeat the pen study.(因此，这一发现进入了心理学教科书和无数新闻头条。随后数十年间，研究人员发表了其他实验，也支持面部反馈假设。但在2025年，17个实验室同时未能重复这一笔实验。)”可知，作者既介绍了支持该假设的研究，也客观呈现了重复实验失败的结果，态度客观。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段中“The idea that smiling can make you feel happier has a long history.(微笑能让你感到更快乐这一想法由来已久。)”、第二段中“In 2018, social psychologist Fritz Strack published a study that seemed to confirm that facial feedback was real.(2018年，社会心理学家弗里茨·施特拉克发表了一项研究，似乎证实了面部反馈是真实存在的。)”和第三段中“But in 2025, all at once, 17 labs failed to repeat the pen study.(但在2025年，17个实验室同时未能重复这一笔实验。)”可知，文章围绕“微笑让人更快乐”这一假设的证明及其实验能否重复展开，B项“The Smiling Hypothesis: Still in Doubt(微笑假设：仍有疑问)”最能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。 七、七选五 （25-26高二下·山东临沂·期末）When someone reaches out to you with an emotionally charged text, responding appropriately is never an easy task. Lacking facial cues and vocal tones, written messages often fail to convey genuine feelings accurately. Many people are at a loss about how to convey sincere care through written words. 1 It helps build trust and makes the other person feel truly seen and valued. Learning to listen patiently stands as the primary principle in such communication. Rather than rushing to offer practical advice the moment you receive the message, you ought to prioritize emotional recognition first. Most people in low spirits do not expect instant solutions to their troubles. 2 Any form of criticism or casual denial of their feelings will only push them further away, damaging the connection between you. 3 People tend to express inner frustration in vague and indirect ways online. Without body language or tone, even simple messages can be misunderstood easily. It is therefore necessary to adopt subtle ways to confirm their true thoughts. Only by figuring out their real state of mind can you deliver targeted comfort instead of empty remarks. In the course of communication, keep the dialogue centered on their inner experience. It is fairly easy for people to shift topics to their own similar sufferings unconsciously. This kind of behavior can make the other person feel ignored and unimportant. 4 Brief resonance is acceptable, yet endless self-expression is totally inappropriate. Some widely accepted comforting phrases actually have the opposite effects in such situations. Those stereotyped (老套的) words sound indifferent and cold. They may make others think you are not taking their feelings seriously. 5 Instead, try to put yourself in their position and speak from sincere understanding. A．Mastering proper response skills matters a lot. B．It is wise to solve practical problems immediately. C．They simply need sincere understanding and spiritual comfort. D．Misinterpretation is quite common in text-based communication. E．You are supposed to emphasize less on your own past experiences. F．Such comfort tends to make people feel their pain is underestimated. G．Face-to-face conversation is regarded as the most effective way of comfort. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．E 5．F 【导语】文章主要介绍了在文本沟通中如何恰当地回应他人情绪化信息，提出了倾听优先、避免误解、聚焦对方感受、慎用套话等沟通原则。 1．前文“Many people are at a loss about how to convey sincere care through written words. (许多人对如何通过文字表达真诚的关心感到不知所措。)”表明人们在文字沟通中缺乏有效的回应方法；后文“It helps build trust and makes the other person feel truly seen and valued. (这有助于建立信任，让对方感到真正被看见和被重视。)”中的“It”应指代空处提到的某种做法，且该做法的效果是建立信任和让对方感到被重视。A选项“Mastering proper response skills matters a lot. (掌握恰当的回应技巧非常重要。)”承接前文，指出避免不知所措的方法是掌握回应技巧，并且这很重要；与后文“这有助于建立信任”形成因果关系，正因为掌握技巧很重要，所以它能带来信任和被重视的效果。 2．前文“Most people in low spirits do not expect instant solutions to their troubles. (大多数情绪低落的人并不指望他们的烦恼能立即得到解决。)”指出大多数人情绪低落时并不指望他们的烦恼能立即得到解决，空处应承接前文，说明此时人们希望获得什么。C选项“They simply need sincere understanding and spiritual comfort. (他们只是需要真诚的理解和精神上的慰藉。)”直接给出他们想要是感受上的认同；后文“Any form of criticism or casual denial of their feelings will only push them further away, damaging the connection between you. (任何形式的批评或随意否定他们的感受只会把他们推得更远，损害你们之间的联系。)”则进一步说明否定对方感受的负面后果，C选项承接前文，后文又写明了不做C选项所说之事的后果，前后衔接紧密。 3．后文“People tend to express inner frustration in vague and indirect ways online. Without body language or tone, even simple messages can be misunderstood easily. (人们倾向于在网上以模糊和间接的方式表达内心的挫败感。没有肢体语言和语调，即使简单的信息也很容易被误解。)”说明网络表达具有模糊性，缺乏非语言线索导致误解。D选项“Misinterpretation is quite common in text-based communication. (在基于文字的沟通中，误解相当常见。)”中的“Misinterpretation”与后文的“vague and indirect”及后文的“misunderstood”形成语义呼应，能够引起下文。 4．前文“It is fairly easy for people to shift topics to their own similar sufferings unconsciously. This kind of behavior can make the other person feel ignored and unimportant. (人们很容易不自觉地就把话题转到自己类似的痛苦经历上。这种行为会让对方感到被忽视和不重要。)”指出过度谈论自身经历会伤害对方感受，E选项“You are supposed to emphasize less on your own past experiences. (你应该少强调自己过去的经历。)”直接针对这种做法提出建议，后文“Brief resonance is acceptable, yet endless self-expression is totally inappropriate. (简短的共鸣是可以接受的，但无休止的自我表达则完全不合适。)”是对E选项所提做法的具体建议及点明过度强调自己的后果。 5．前文“Those stereotyped (老套的) words sound indifferent and cold. They may make others think you are not taking their feelings seriously. (那些老套的话语听起来冷漠无情。它们可能让别人觉得你没有认真对待他们的感受。)”指出套话的负面影响。F选项“Such comfort tends to make people feel their pain is underestimated. (这种安慰往往让人感到自己的痛苦被低估了。)”中的“Such comfort”指代前文的“Those stereotyped (老套的) words”，并解释了这些套话会产生相反效果是因为它们让对方感到痛苦被低估，从而引出后文“Instead, try to put yourself in their position and speak from sincere understanding. (相反，试着站在他们的角度，从真诚的理解出发去说话。)”的替代方案。 （2026·北京·高考真题）The 21st century has created a whole range of new types of professionals that we have never had before — or if not quite new, at least newly repackaged. The world has always had influential people, for instance, but only now do we have “Influencer”. Similarly, the corporate world has certainly known its fair share of disruption, yet it is only in the last couple of decades that the “Disruptor” has become a recognisable figure in the way we talk about big business. In an earlier era, the Disruptor would have been called an Innovator. Yet while an Innovator creates something new, the Disruptor is defined as much by what they destroy as by what they create. The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else’s problem. It’s an attitude best summed up as “Move fast and break things.” Back in 1929, G. K. Chesterton identified the core problem with moving fast and breaking things through a thought experiment. Imagine there is a fence along a road. Suppose it’s been there a long time, and was put there for some purpose. But that purpose is lost over time. To us, now, the fence seems to be nothing but an impediment. Why not remove it? When faced with such a fence, Chesterton thinks the fact that we can’t see the point of the fence is why we should not tear it down. Some fences keep foxes out of henhouses, for instance. If you think you can do without the fence because you’ve never seen a fox, consider if the existence of the fence is precisely why you’ve never seen one. Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition. We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them. If we’re too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don’t yet realise we rely upon. But uncritical devotion to the “way things are done” can also deny us the possibility of better days. What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive. Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess. We need the ability to work out which messes are worth avoiding — because however impressively fast you move, some things can’t be easily unbroken. 1．Regarding Chesterton’s principle, the author is _____________. A．supportive B．doubtful C．conflicted D．disappointed 2．What does the word “impetuous” underlined in Paragraph 5 most probably mean? A．Short-sighted. B．Narrow-minded. C．Hot-headed. D．Old-fashioned. 3．What can we infer from this passage about the Disruptor? A．They may clear up other people’s mess. B．They are in favour of the preventive principle. C．They preserve more traditions than they break. D．They may create more problems than they solve. 4．What does the author intend to tell us? A．Humility should be a driving force for human progress. B．Innovation should move forward the wheel of tradition. C．Reform should draw from the wellspring of past wisdom. D．Disruption should be given priority in social development. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．C 【导语】文章介绍了商业领域“颠覆者”这一新角色，借助Chesterton的栅栏思想实验，论述盲目颠覆的弊端，提出变革前应当先理解过往经验蕴含的智慧，倡导以谦卑心态理性创新。 1．推理判断题。根据第五段“Importantly, Chesterton is not saying that things can never be reformed. His is a preventive principle rather than an outright prohibition.(重要的是，Chesterton并不是说事物永远不能改革。他提出的是一种预防性原则，而非彻底禁止变革。)”以及第六段“What is required, then, is not the fearlessness of the Disruptor, but the humility (谦卑) to stop and ask questions and to know that our own perspective is neither unique nor comprehensive.(因此，我们需要的不是颠覆者的无所畏惧，而是停下来思考发问的谦卑之心，明白我们自身的看法既非独一无二，也并非面面俱到。)”可知，作者赞同Chesterton提出的原则。 2．词句猜测题。根据第五段“If we’re too impetuous, we can end up tearing out things we don’t yet realise we rely upon.(如果我们太过impetuous，最终可能毁掉那些我们尚且没有意识到、却十分依赖的事物。)”可知，如果行事过于冲动草率，我们会毁掉那些自己尚未意识到、却十分依赖的事物，划线词“impetuous”表示“冲动的，鲁莽的”，与C选项“Hot-headed(冲动莽撞的)”含义一致。 3．推理判断题。根据第二段“The Disruptor forces change; the clean-up is somebody else’s problem.(颠覆者强行推动变革，收拾残局却是别人的事。)”以及第六段“Disruption can be a force for good. It can also just leave a big mess.(颠覆或许能产生积极作用，但也可能只留下一堆烂摊子。)”可知，颠覆者只管打破现状，后续烂摊子交由别人处理，很可能制造出比解决掉的更多问题。 4．推理判断题。根据第五段“We could rephrase it like this: understand the wisdom in past decisions before you reject them.(我们可以这样概括：在否定过往决策之前，先领会其中蕴含的智慧。)”可知，全文核心观点是进行改革前，先要挖掘、借鉴过去决策中的智慧。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $