上海复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年第一学期高三年级英语学科9月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科9月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Maximise your recycling Contrary to common belief, not all plastics can be recycled. A 2018 study from the University of Leeds found that only 16 per cent of household plastics 1          (collect) for recycling ended up being sent for processing. According to Dr Sharon George, lecturer in green technology and environmental sustainability at Keele University, many local authorities don't have the facilities 2          (recycle) all types of plastic, and so much of the waste ends up being burnt in waste-to-energy plants instead. According to George, we need to make sure that the right things are getting recycled just 3         being a little bit careful. Plastic recycling 4         easily be contaminated (污染) with the wrong type of plastic. "A lot of waste gets rejected because it's been contaminated with plastic or other materials 5         shouldn't be in there," George says. Food packaging is especially easy to contaminate. "This is a big reason the value of the waste goes down," says George. "It can be contaminated by 6          (not wash) out." Removing the contaminants from the rest of the material also 7          (cause) problems: according to an analysis of recycling contamination by analytics firm Croner-I, attempting to remove a single contaminant takes several kilograms of recyclable material along with 8         . The biggest thing you can do is be aware of 9         can and can't be recycled in your local area, says George. Don't assume that something can be recycled just 10         it's plastic. "That definitely makes it worse. That can then potentially mean that a whole collection then gets rejected, and either burnt or sent to landfill," she explains. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. achingly B. coverage C. detect D. disturbing E. fascinating F. immediate G. interact H. mend I. subsequently J. surrounding K. thinking Science Large and Small Every year on the website Edge, scientists and other thinkers reply to one question. This year it's "What do you consider the most interesting recent news" in science? The answers are 11         . We're used to thinking of news as the events that happen in a city or country within a few weeks or months. But scientists expand our 12         to the unimaginably large and small. Here is just a bit of the scientific news. Our old familiar solar system has turned out to be full of surprises. Unmanned spacecraft have discovered that the planets 13         us are more puzzling, peculiar and dynamic than we would ever have thought. On our own planet, the big 14         news is that the effects of carbon on climate change are ever more evident and 15         . The ice sheets are melting, sea levels are rising, and last year was almost certainly the warmest on record. Our human response is 16         slow in contrast. The news about our particular human bodies and their ills is especially interesting. The idea that tiny invisible organisms make us sick was one of the great achievements of the scientific expansion of scale. But new machines that 17         the genetic signature of bacteria have shown that those invisible germs--the "microbiome"--aren't really the enemy. In fact, they're essential to keeping us well, and the great lifesaving advance of antibiotics (抗生素) comes with a cost. If new technology is helping us to understand and 18         the human body, it is also expanding the scope of the human mind. We've seen lots of media 19         about artificial intelligence over the past year, but the basic algorithms (算法) are not really new. The news is the amount of data and computational power that is available. Still, even if those advances are just about increases in data and computing power, they could deeply change how we 20         with the world. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. We've all experienced that terrible feeling of being distracted from the task at hand. But don't be too hard on your butterfly mind: our brains have evolved, 21         , to be distractible. We prize an ability to concentrate, but we need our attention to be 22         . If we focused too tightly we'd miss the creaking (嘎吱嘎吱的) floorboard that signifies an invader, or the smoke that announces fire. Attention has proven to be much more complicated, and weirder, than it seems. If you look closely at something--a photo of a landscape, say--you probably feel that you are noticing everything when, in fact, you're 23         just a few bits at a time. This is because the more you concentrate, the 24         your view becomes. Inattentional blindness, as this is known, has been shown in dozens of demonstrations. The most famous is a video of a group of people passing a basketball to each other. As the 25         continue, a person in a gorilla suit walks into the middle of the group and beats his chest before slowly walking off. If you show the video to people who've never seen it before and instruct them to watch the ball closely, nearly all of them 26         to see the gorilla because it falls outside the range of their attention. 27         , attention is marked by neural (神经的) activity in the brain areas concerned with the object of attention. If you're listening to music, 28         , neurons will be activated in your auditory cortex (near the ears). If you're studying a picture, there will be activity in your visual brain (at the back of the head). Areas in the parietal brain lobes (upper rear of the brain) direct attention in three-dimensional space. The more you're 29         something, the more intense and persistent the activity. The back of the parietal lobe is particularly important for attention because it 30         your focus, like a hand guiding a torch. Damage to this area can make a person effectively 31         to whole chunks of the world--everything in the left half of their visual field, for example. Although they can see what's there, they don't because it doesn't attract their attention. They only 32         it when someone else forces them to attend to it. But attention-related blindness is something that we all 33         to a lesser degree, and it can reach into every area of our lives. People may be unaware that they live in a dirty house, that someone loves or hates them, or that they always wear odd socks. Such 34         may be good, but it can lead to disaster. Focusing on the task at hand is an important skill to learn, but sometimes it can be just as important to 35         our field of attention. 21. A. for good reason B. on a regular basis C. on a large scale D. for no purpose 22. A. personal B. flexible C. critical D. persistent 23. A. taking in B. seeing off C. looking up D. putting on 24. A. clearer B. more complex C. narrower D. more difficult 25. A. passes B. videos C. fights D. bits 26. A. expect B. hate C. begin D. fail 27. A. Culturally B. Spiritually C. Physically D. Historically 28. A. in addition B. as a result C. on the contrary D. for instance 29. A. believing in B. taking to C. hinting at D. focusing on 30. A. demands B. provides C. directs D. reflects 31. A. accessible B. opposed C. helpful D. blind 32. A. see B. recall C. hear D. forget 33. A. introduce B. experience C. evaluate D. integrate 34. A. intelligence B. ignorance C. interaction D. impression 35. A. survey B. maintain C. broaden D. restrict Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） I confess I hesitated when the editor in chief of The New York Times Magazine told me in late 2014 that I would be editing a new front-of-book column called Letter of Recommendation, about stuff people really like. The column, he explained, was the brainchild of our staff writer, Sam Anderson. Sam figured that there was no shortage of places to find out what writers hate but few spaces for writers to talk about what they love. We would push against this trend, 900 words a week, 40-something times per year. The reason for my hesitation was a simple, unfortunate fact about writing. Writing about things you hate is easy: not just fun, but generative. The criticism tends to entertain, even if you disagree, but the ode doesn't. The writerly tone is well-suited to our age, but it's hard not to see it as a collective defense mechanism--as if revealing your true feelings exposes your unmentionable secrets to the public. Obsessions (喜欢), meanwhile, are inseparable from our peculiarities as people--we come to love things for often weird reasons. When the column really works, it's as revealing about the author as it is about its subject. One writer, a man in his late 30s, for example, recommended Pedialyte, which he drinks to balance the effects of both drinking and exercise, and to cheat his way back to youth. I probably see somewhere between three and five Letter of Recommendation pitches a day. It's a great spot for trying out new writers in the magazine, so I try my best to keep up with all the email, but I often fail. (I feel genuinely terrible about this every day of my life.) Determining which to assign involves seeing how it meets the various criteria we've settled on over the years. We don't like the column to be timely--everything else in the world is timely. But on the other hand, we need to put a headline on the thing that people might reasonably recognize, stop and read about. There should be a personal angle to the recommendation, but also some universally recommendable aspect. But then again, it shouldn't be too recommendable; this isn't a column for lifehacks. The recommendation itself should be attractively unexpected--"sideways," as editors are perhaps too fond of saying--but really, it's just an excuse to cut brilliant writers loose to amuse or inspire us. 36. Sam Anderson proposed a column called Letter of Recommendation because he found A. the fashion trend was not easy to push against B. there was a shortage of good quality columns C. writers could hardly find a place to share their likes D. his brainchild could sometimes increase readership 37. The word "ode" (in paragraph 2) is closest in meaning to A. praise B. blame C. hesitation D. determination 38. Why is the writer in his late 30s mentioned in paragraph 3? A. To give an example of the writerly tone. B. To highlight the way that the column selects writers. C. To show how a collective defense mechanism works. D. To illustrate how writers reveal themselves in the column. 39. The writer hopes that in the column, A. the recommended items are quite familiar to readers B. the recommended items should follow the latest trend C. readers can learn about life skills from the recommendations D. readers will find the recommendations beyond their expectation （B） Ancient Greek pottery is one of our most important windows into ancient Greek life. Thousands of vases survive, painted with scenes from daily life, myths and sports. These vases were not made as museum pieces. They were ordinary objects used for drinking wine, storing oil or mixing water. Yet their paintings tell us far more than written texts about how ordinary people lived 2,500 years ago. In ancient Greece, pottery-making was a major craft. Workshops were usually small family businesses. Men shaped the clay on the potter's wheel. Women sometimes painted the vases, though most painters were men. Some painters signed their work. Most did not. Many beautiful pots were produced for everyday use. Others were made as grave gifts, prizes for sports competitions or wedding presents. There are two main styles of painted Greek pottery: black-figure and red-figure. In black-figure style, figures are painted in black slip on the red clay surface. Details are cut into the black paint with a sharp tool. In red-figure style, the background is painted black, and the figures are left showing the natural red colour of the clay. Artists could draw much finer details with red-figure technique, so this style gradually became more popular. For modern researchers, these pots are precious evidence. Writers in ancient Greece mostly came from wealthy, educated male backgrounds. Their books often focus on upper-class men's politics and wars. Pottery, by contrast, shows women, children, slaves and working-class people going about their daily activities. We can see weaving, cooking, farming, sports and religious ceremonies. Of course, we must be careful. Pottery painters were artists, not documentary photographers. They might exaggerate or omit details. But even with these limitations, ancient Greek pottery remains an invaluable source for understanding the past. 40. What was the original purpose of most ancient Greek pottery vases? A. To serve as practical daily-use objects. B. To be exhibited in public museums. C. To record important historical events. D. To win competitions for painters. 41. Compared with black-figure style, red-figure pottery ______. A. was mostly painted by women artists B. allowed artists to paint more detailed pictures C. used black clay as the main material D. was mainly used as grave gifts 42. Why are ancient Greek pots so valuable for modern researchers? A. Most of them have clear painter signatures. B. They only record the life of upper-class males. C. They show the lives of various groups of ancient Greeks. D. They are completely reliable documentary records of real life. （C） Like previous leaps in technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) will make the economy more productive but will also probably hurt some workers whose skills have been devalued. But this time around, how quickly will these effects come about? History may provide an answer. Consider the effects of previous advances in computing. Gordon Moore was famous for his prediction that the number of transistors (晶体管) on a computer chip would double every two years. The consequences of Moore's Law are most obvious in the powerful computers and smartphones that almost everyone carries around these days. However, for at least two decades after Moore's Law kicked in, America suffered from a productivity slowdown. The boom kicked in only during the 1990s. Why did the advancement in computing power take so long to pay off for the economy? In 1990 the economic historian Paul David published "The Dynamo and the Computer." It drew a parallel between the effects of information technology and those of an earlier tech revolution, the electrification of industry. As David noted, electric motors became widely available in the 1890s. But to take full advantage of electrification, manufacturers had to rethink the design of factories. Pre-electric factories were multistory buildings with crowded working spaces, because that was necessary to make efficient use of a steam engine in the basement driving the machines in the production system. It took time to realize that having each machine driven by its own motor made it possible to have one-story factories with wide space allowing easy movement of materials. As a result, the big productivity gains from electrification didn't materialize until after World War I. Sure enough, as David, in effect, predicted, the economic payoff from information technology finally kicked in during the 1990s, as secretaries taking dictation finally gave way to cubicle (小隔间) offices. But this history still presents a few puzzles. One is why the first productivity boom from information technology was so short-lived; basically it lasted only around a decade. And even while it lasted, productivity growth during the IT boom was no higher than it was during the generation-long boom after World War II, which didn't seem to be driven by any new technology. In 1969 the management consultant Peter Drucker published "The Age of Discontinuity," whose title implies that the previous period of extraordinary economic growth was actually an age of continuity. Or to put it another way, the great boom from the 1940s to around 1970 seems to have been largely based on the use of technologies that had been around for decades, which should make us less confident in trying to use recent technological developments to predict economic growth. That's not to say that artificial intelligence won't have huge economic impacts. But history suggests that they won't come quickly. ChatGPT and whatever follows are probably an economic story for the 2030s, not for the next few years. 43. Why did the writer mention Gordon Moore and his famous prediction? A. To introduce one of the most accurate tech-related predictions. B. To highlight the productivity slowdown that America once suffered from. C. To imply that it will take a long time for AI to make an impact on economy. D. To describe a period in history that has greatly changed people's perception. 44. What can be inferred from Paul David's account of the electrification of industry? A. The design of workspace depends on the number of workers involved. B. Manufacturers are usually unwilling to put a technology into practice. C. Having a technology doesn't necessarily mean people know what to do with it. D. History shows that people tend to reject a new technology when it first emerges. 45. According to the passage, the reason for the generation-long boom after World War II was that A. it took place after a terrible war B. it was based on old technologies C. it was driven by new technologies D. it took place during the age of discontinuity 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Historical Patterns Suggest Huge Economic Impact of AI B. AI May Bring about Great Change, but Probably Not Too Quickly C. Artificial Intelligence and the Slow Pace of Economic Development D. The Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence: Lessons from Economists Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Hubble Space Telescope (哈勃太空望远镜) A. However, Hubble is getting old, and its final scheduled service mission was completed in 2009. B. Spitzer was right. C. The huge James Webb Space Telescope is scheduled for launch in the near future. D. Instead, astronomers discovered that the expansion is not slowing down at all. It is speeding up! E. Spitzer suggested this idea in 1946 and said the telescope would not only test existing ideas, but also inspire completely new ones. F. Then what happened next? For centuries, astronomers looking at the moon, the planets, and the stars have faced a basic problem: the earth's atmosphere. Although it provides the air we breathe as well as protection from the sun, the atmosphere prevents us from seeing clearly into space even with the largest and most advanced telescopes. Then came Lyman Spitzer, an astrophysicist with a remarkable idea: put a large telescope in orbit (轨道) around the earth, outside of the earth's atmosphere. 47         . "The chief contribution of such a new and more powerful instrument," he predicted, "would be, not to help us know more about the universe we live in, but rather to uncover new phenomena not yet imagined, and perhaps to modify our basic concepts of space and time." 48         . In 1993, NASA released the first images from the Hubble telescope. Since then, scientists have used Hubble to follow the comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 as it hit the giant planet Jupiter. They have produced images of the amazing and unique beauty of planetary nebulae, giant clouds of gas produced by dying stars. They have proved the existence of black holes at the centres of galaxies. And just as Spitzer imagined, Hubble led to surprising new discoveries. Astronomers once expected that gravity would slow the expansion of the universe. 49         . This groundbreaking finding won the Nobel Prize in Physics. 50         . It cannot be repaired any more by astronauts. Therefore, scientists are preparing its successor. The huge James Webb Space Telescope will take over its tasks and continue to explore the universe. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Five Dangerous Things (That You Should Let Your Children Do) Gever Tulley thinks that things like government safety regulations encourage modern parents to overprotect children, and that it is affecting their ability to learn and think. He wants kids to do dangerous things. In fact, he even wrote a book called Fifty Dangerous Things (You Should Let Your Children Do) to encourage parents to allow their children to experiment--safely--with fire, pocket knives, and power tools. This might sound crazy, but Tulley is serious. He argues that children who experiment and explore their world learn about natural phenomena, develop attention and concentration skills, and understand how complicated systems work. He thinks that activities like throwing a spear can even help children's brains develop more fully and improve their skills in visualization and prediction. Most importantly, Tulley says, his goals behind encouraging kids to take risks are promoting "safety and simple things that we can do to raise our kids to be creative, confident and in control of the environment around them." Tulley wants parents and kids to do these activities together, but with kids taking the lead. Gever Tulley knows a lot about taking risks. Although his background is in computer science, he has developed programs to help children have the kind of experience he advocates in his book. First, in 2006, he started the Tinkering School, a summer camp where "kids learn how to build the things they think of". Kids at Tinkering School have built a treehouse, a bridge, and lots of boats and vehicles. After that risk, Tulley took an even bigger one. In 2011, he started a school in San Francisco, California, called Brightworks. From its first class of 11 students, the school has grown to 30 students, and there are plans to enroll 80 students by 2016. Students at Brightworks learn through doing group projects that build their academic and social skills, at the same time as they grow as community members. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 要记住，没有失败我们也不会成长。(without) 53. 你越是善于反思自己的行为，就越有可能突破自我。(reflect) 54. 一看到这张照片，我想起了去年夏令营时的点点滴滴。(sight) 55. 一旦找出了让你感到恼火的问题，你就会更明白谁能够解决问题。(make...right) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校英语报正在开展"The electronic device that I must take while travelling"的征文活动。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章，内容须包括： 1)你在旅游途中一定携带的电子设备； 2)你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科9月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. collected 2. to recycle 3. by 4. can 5. that 6. not being washed 7. causes 8. it 9. what 10. because Section B 11. E 12. K 13. J 14. F 15. D 16. A 17. C 18. H 19. B 20. G II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. C 28. D 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. C Section B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. D 40. A 41. B 42. C 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. B Section C 47. E 48. B 49. D 50. A III. Summary Writing 51. Gever Tulley argues that children should be encouraged to do dangerous things in a safe way, through which they will be creative, confident and capable of controlling the environment. To realise his idea, he started the Tinkering School program in 2006 and a school called Brightworks in 2011. IV. Translation 52. Remember that we won't grow without failures. 53. The better you are at reflecting on your behaviour, the more likely you are to have a breakthrough. 54. The sight of the photo reminded me of everything that happened in last year's summer camp. 55. Once you've figured out what's upsetting you, you'll have a better idea of who can help make things right. V. Guided Writing 56. The Electronic Device I Must Take While Travelling Whenever I pack for a journey, there is one electronic device that I absolutely cannot leave behind: my smartphone, which has revolutionised the way we travel. First and foremost, a smartphone serves as an indispensable navigational tool. With integrated GPS and various map applications, it eliminates the anxiety of getting lost in unfamiliar territories. It enables travellers to locate transportation hubs, discover local restaurants, and navigate complex city streets effortlessly. Secondly, the smartphone ensures our safety and seamless communication. In case of emergencies, we can contact our families or local authorities instantly. Moreover, translation apps bridge linguistic barriers, allowing us to communicate with locals abroad without much hassle. Finally, it acts as a portable entertainment and recording centre. We can capture breathtaking landscapes with its high-resolution camera, or listen to music to alleviate the fatigue of a long journey. Truly, a smartphone is an indispensable companion for modern travellers. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $