Unit 1 Career（复习讲义）英语新教材北师大版九年级下册
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Unit 1 Career（复习讲义)
复习要点
1、围绕“Career”主题，复习形容词、主从复合句与并列句。
2、重点掌握不同句型的表达。
复习重难点
重点：本单元核心动词的用法；从句的用法。
难点：主从复合句与并列句在不同情况下的应用。
单元考点：单词、短语、句型
知识点1：What really matters is not what job you do, but how you do it.真正重要的不是你做什么工作，而是你如何做这份工作。
【用法讲解】
■ not…but…：不是……而是……
并列连词结构，用来并列名词、代词、动词短语、宾语从句等成分；语义否定not后的内容，肯定but后面的内容；谓语动词遵循就近原则，谓语单复数和but后面的主语保持一致；可用于强调句型It is … not…but…；易错：but后面不能再加连词and。
【例句】Not money but family makes him happy.｜不是金钱，而是家庭让他幸福。
■ 词义辨析：not…but…vs rather than
not…but…：否定前肯定后，侧重转折强调；
rather than：取舍关系“而不是”，可放句末，无就近原则。
【例句】It is not luck but hard work that leads to success.｜带来成功的不是运气，而是努力。
【例句】Not you but I am responsible for the mistake.｜不是你，而是我要为这个错误负责。
知识点2：You need to be creative, be able to think outside the box, and have excellent problem-solving skills.你需要富有创造力，能够打破常规思考，并且拥有出色的解决问题的能力。
【用法讲解】
■ think outside the box：跳出固有思维；打破常规思考
动词习语，固定搭配；多用于议论文、阅读理解，描述创造性思维；同义表达think out of the box；可放在情态动词need to / have to之后使用。
【例句】To solve this puzzle, you need to think outside the box.解开这个谜题，你要跳出固有思维。
■ 拓展：think v.思考；thought n.想法；thoughtful adj.体贴的；thinker n.思想家
【例句】If you want to solve this hard problem, you have to think outside the box.如果你想解决这个难题，你必须打破常规思考。
【例句】Many great inventions come from people who think outside the box.｜许多伟大的发明都源于敢于打破常规思考的人。
知识点3：All jobs are equally important regardless of what people do.无论人们从事什么工作，所有的工作都同等重要。
【用法讲解】
■ regardless of不管，不顾（介词短语）
介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词、宾语从句，不能直接接完整的陈述句；表让步含义；
■ 易错警示：本身自带让步含义，不可以和but / though / although连用；句中可放句首或者主语之后作状语。
【例句】He will go ahead regardless of danger.不顾危险，他会继续向前。
■ 辨析regardless of vs although
regardless of介词短语+名词/从句；although连词+完整主谓句子。
【例句】Everyone can take part in the activity regardless of age.不论年龄大小，人人都可以参加这项活动。
【例句】He kept going regardless of all the difficulties.不顾重重困难，他继续前行。
知识点4：What really matters is not what job you do, but how you do it.真正重要的不是你做什么工作，而是你如何做这份工作。
【用法讲解】
■ matter v. 要紧，有重大影响
■ 用法：不及物动词，无被动语态、无进行时态；主语大多是事物，一般不用人作主语；
■ 高频句型 It matters. / It doesn’t matter. / What matters is…；
matter还可以作名词，意思“事情，问题”。
【例句】It doesn’t matter what you say.｜你说什么都不重要。
■ 辨析：matter(v.) vs important(adj.)
matter动词：（某事）要紧、有意义；important形容词：重要的
同义转换 It is important. = It matters.
【例句】It doesn’t matter whether you come or not.你来不来都没关系。
【例句】What you think matters a lot to me.你的想法对我很重要。
知识点5：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others and cooperate with each other. 倾听他人、互相协作是每一位成员的责任。
【用法讲解】
■ It is + 名词 + to do sth（it作形式主语）
■ 用法：it是形式主语，无实际含义，只起到占位作用；真正主语是后面不定式to do sth；目的是避免句子头重脚轻，英语习惯把长不定式放句末；
同类句型：It is +形容词 + to do sth；
■易错：考试优先使用it形式主语，不建议直接把to do放在句首作主语。
【例句】It is our duty to protect animals.保护动物是我们的责任。
知识点6：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others and cooperate with each other.倾听他人、互相协作是每一位成员的责任。
【用法讲解】
■ cooperate with sb与某人合作
■ 用法：cooperate是不及物动词，后面接合作对象必须加介词with，不能直接接人；
■ 常用搭配 cooperate with sb in/on sth 在某事上和某人合作；语体正式书面，阅读、作文高频。
【例句】We cooperate with them on this project.我们在这个项目上和他们合作。
知识点7：Everyone has a right to be treated in a polite and friendly way.每个人都有权被以礼貌友好的方式对待。
【用法讲解】
■ have a right to do sth有权做某事
■ 用法：right此处为可数名词“权利”；
固定搭配 have a right + to +动词原形；
被动结构 have a right to be done 有权被……；
拓展 have no right to do sth 无权做某事。
【例句】You have a right to express your ideas.你有权表达你的想法。
知识点8：If we all do our best, we will make our society a better place to live in.如果我们每个人都竭尽全力，我们就会让社会变成更美好的居住地。
【用法讲解】
■ do one’s best尽某人最大努力
■用法：one’s跟随主语变化 do my/your/his/her/their best；
常用搭配 do one’s best to do sth 竭尽全力做某事；同义短语 try one’s best；
【例句】I will do my best to finish the work.我会尽全力完成这份工作。
知识点9：Keep learning and updating your knowledge and skills.不断学习，更新你的知识与技能。
【用法讲解】
■ keep doing sth 持续/一直做某事
■用法：keep后面接动名词doing，表示动作持续反复发生；
■易错：keep后不能接to do不定式；
■拓展： keep on doing（克服困难坚持）、keep sb doing（让某人一直做）、keep sb from doing（阻止某人做）。
【例句】Keep trying and you will succeed.坚持尝试，你会成功。
知识点10：Although people work in different fields and receive different amounts of money for their work, no job is more important than any other.虽然人们身处不同行业，收入各不相同，但没有哪一份工作比另一份更加重要。
【用法讲解】
■ although引导让步状语从句，虽然，尽管
■ 用法：although连词引导让步状语从句，句首句中均可放置；
■ 高频易错：although/though**绝对不能和but连用，
【例句】Although it is late, he is still working.虽然很晚，但他仍然在工作。
知识点11：In this line of work, you'll often face danger, but you'll know that you're performing an important service for people in the local community.从事这份工作，你会经常面对危险，但你会知道自己正在为社区民众提供重要服务。
【用法讲解】
■ in this line of work从事这一行
■ 用法：line此处名词含义“行业、行当”，不是“线条”；固定习语；
可以替换形容词，in the same line of work 从事同一行业。
【例句】In this line of work, patience is necessary.干这一行，耐心是必备的。
知识点12：Then, the school can work out a rule to stop that behaviour happening again.那么学校可以制定一条规则来阻止这类行为再次发生。
【用法讲解】
■ work out制定出；算出；解决
■ 用法：多义及物短语；本句含义“制定规则、计划”；另外含义：算出数学题目、解决难题；
辨析 work on：致力于、正在做，侧重过程尚未完成；work out侧重得到结果。
【例句】We worked out a good plan.我们制定出一份好计划。
单元语法：
一、多个形容词修饰名词的排序
核心口诀
限定词 → 观点评价 → 大小尺寸 → 新旧年龄 → 颜色 → 国籍产地 → 材料 → 名词
记忆小口诀：观（观点）、形（大小形状）、龄（新旧年龄）、色（颜色）、国（国籍）、材（材料）
含义拆解
1. 限定词：a / an / the / this / that / my / your / some
2. 观点评价形容词（主观感受：好不好看、好不好）：beautiful, nice, good, lovely, amazing, independent
3. 大小/形状：small, big, large, round, long
4. 新旧、年龄：new, old
5. 颜色：red, blue, black
6. 国籍、产*：Chinese, English
7. 材料：wooden, cotton, metal（木头的、棉的、金属的）
注意：
很多同学容易搞错：评价类放在大小前面
错：small beautiful box
对：beautiful small box
例句1：a small, independent company一家小型的独立公司
例句2：a lovely little black Chinese toy一个可爱小巧的黑色中国玩具
例句3：an old brown wooden table一张旧的棕色木桌
二、代词 it 的完整初中用法
1. it 指代上文提到的单数事物 / 动物
用法：代替前面出现过的单数名词，避免重复
例：This is a new bike. It is my brother’s.这是一辆新自行车。它是我弟弟的。
2. it 作无人称主语（不指代东西，表时间、天气、距离、温度）
① 天气It is sunny today. 今天天晴。
② 时间It is half past seven. 现在七点半。
③ 距离It is 2 kilometres from my home to school.从我家到学校两公里。
④ 温度It’s 30 degrees. 气温30度。
3. it 作形式主语（高频考点！It is + adj./n. + to do sth）
真正主语是后面的不定式 to do，it 只是占位，放句头。
句型：It is + 形容词 (+for sb) + to do…
例：It is important for us to respect others.对我们来说尊重别人很重要。
句型：It is + 名词 + to do…（你课本原句类型）
课本原句：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others.倾听别人是每个成员的责任。
拓展：It’s our duty to cooperate with teammates.和队友合作是我们的责任。
4. it 作形式宾语（初中常考：find / think + it + adj. + to do）
结构：主语 + think/find + it + 形容词 + to do sth
例：I find it hard to think outside the box.我发现打破常规思考很难。
5. It’s time to do sth / It’s time for sth 该做……了
例：It’s time to update our skills.是时候更新我们的技能了。
6. It takes sb + 时间 + to do 花费某人多久做某事
例：It takes me two hours to finish the work.我花两个小时完成这份工作。
7. 强调句型（了解）It is … that…
It is teamwork that helps us win.正是团队协作帮助我们获胜。
三、并列句 & 主从复合句
（一）并列句
四大类并列连词：and, but, or, so
1. and 和；并且（顺承、并列、递进）
例：He listens carefully and he cooperates with others.他认真倾听，并且和其他人合作。
2. but 但是（转折）
例：Robots may be used to perform cleaning tasks, but they won't be able to make a room look nice.机器人可以用来打扫卫生，但它们没办法把房间布置得美观。
3. or 或者；否则
① 表选择：You can give it a try, or you can give up.你可以试一试，也可以放弃。
② 表“否则”：Hurry up, or you will miss the deadline.快点，不然你会错过截止日期。
4. so 所以（结果）
例：He thinks outside the box, so he solves the problem quickly.他善于打破常规思考，所以很快解决了问题。
重要易错点：because 和 so 不能连用；although 和 but 不能连用！
错：Although he is hard-working, but he fails.
对：Although he is hard-working, he fails.
对：He is hard-working, but he fails.
（二）主从复合句
连词：although, if, when, unless, whether
1. although / though 虽然，尽管（让步状语从句）
结构：Although + 从句，主句
课本例句：Although people work in different fields, no job is more important than any other.虽然人们从事不同行业，但没有哪个工作比别的工作更重要。
拓展：Although the task is difficult, I want to give it a try.虽然任务很难，但我想试一试。
2. if 如果（条件状语从句，主将从现！重中之重）
if从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时
例：If we all do our best, we will make our society better.如果我们每个人竭尽全力，我们会让社会变得更好。
3. when 当……时候（时间状语从句）
例：When you meet difficulties, you need to think outside the box.当你遇到困难时，你需要打破常规思考。
4. unless 除非（=if…not）
例：You cannot improve unless you keep learning.除非你坚持学习，否则你无法进步。
5. whether 是否（宾语从句连词）
例：I don’t know whether he will accept the job.我不知道他是否会接受这份工作。
（时间：30分钟）
1、 单项选择
1．Liu Yang was the first Chinese woman in space, and I admire ________ a lot.
A．you B．her C．it D．them
2．We did some voluntary work ________ a park yesterday.
A．on B．to C．in D．of
3．—Hey, Rachel. Do we have to finish our creative project today?
—No, we ________. We still have a few days left.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
4．—________ do you often do with these recycled bottles?
—I make pencil holders.
A．Where B．What C．Why D．When
5．Chinese is one of ________ languages in the world.
A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest
6．AI is now helping us in many ways, ________ we still need to think on our own.
A．or B．so C．but D．for
7．Lucy ________ the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer many times and she loves it very much.
A．will read B．is reading C．was reading D．has read
8．If you play this role, you ________ Tom’s life and thoughts in his time better.
A．understand B．will understand C．understood D．have understood
9．Susan ________ her homework at 8 p.m. yesterday, while her brother was reading.
A．does B．did C．was doing D．has done
10．Mr. White ______ Chinese classes every Friday because he will visit China next year
A．takes B．took C．will take D．was taking
11．The Jingzhang Railway, a great project in Chinese history, ________ by Zhan Tianyou.
A．design B．designed C．was designed D．is designed
12．—Jason, could you please tell me ________?
—Next Friday.
A．when we went to the science museum B．when did we go to the science museum
C．when we will go to the science museum D．when will we go to the science museum
2、 完形填空
Rob made ends meet for his family as a handyman, doing odd jobs around the area. But those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial crisis. Then he lost his apartment. This 13 his family into renting a motel room.
“We have to pay rent every day, and I’m running 14 on money,” Rob said. So, the 15 handyman took to the streets with a sign that read: “Handyman, 25 years exp., Need work.” Rob wasn’t asking for money or looking for a handout but rather for an opportunity to make money.
Rob stood on the side of the highway holding his sign for a week. The temperatures were scorching (灼热的) but he 16 the hot sun each day in the hopes of finding work. Someone took a photo of him and shared it on social media! Kyle, the owner of Greenstar Home Remodeling, saw Rob’s photo online. And he offered the handyman a chance to help him get back on his feet.
Kyle brought Rob on to help with some demolition (拆除的) work. Rob didn’t even ask how much the job paid. He just showed up. “I 17 out as a painter, and then I became a landscaper—roofing—whatever I could make money at,” the handyman explained.
Rob 18 intends to put his all into working for Kyle for as long as Kyle has jobs for him. And after seeing Rob’s dedication and 19 , Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the man build a brighter future.
Sometimes all someone needs is to be given a 20 .
13．A．fooled B．forced C．frightened D．persuaded
14．A．deep B．free C．hard D．short
15．A．careless B．aimless C．unemployed D．unwilling
16．A．braved B．escaped C．expected D．enjoyed
17．A．reached B．started C．dropped D．hung
18．A．fully B．hardly C．possibly D．casually
19．A．creativity B．curiosity C．drive D．interest
20．A．lesson B．choice C．challenge D．Chance
3、 阅读理解
Passage 1
Madison’s Dream
Madison looked out of the classroom window. A bird flew freely across the sky, cutting through a white cloud. Total freedom, she thought, wishing she could escape (摆脱) math class like that bird. Her mind wandered to her horse, Star, and the summer days riding him. Lost in her daydream, she didn’t hear Mrs. Landon calling her name until the teacher’s voice brought her back. The class laughed as Mrs. Landon asked about the homework.
“I didn’t have trouble doing it,” Madison said, “but I forgot to bring it.” More laughter filled the room. Mrs. Landon sighed, clearly disappointed with Madison’s constant daydreaming, and mentioned talking to her parents.
Soon, Mrs. Landon introduced a special guest: Dr. Landon, an animal doctor visiting for Career Day. He talked about how important school grades were and how hard he studied math and science when he was young. Madison found it hard to focus until one word caught her ear: “horse.”
Dr. Landon explained that working with horses lets him be outside all day. “Does anyone here have a horse?” he asked. Madison’s hand shot up. “I do! His name is Star!”
“A big brown horse on Anderson Road?” Dr. Landon asked. He remembered treating Star. Madison was amazed and happy that he knew her horse. “So you spend your days taking care of horses?” “Most days,” Dr. Landon said, describing his job visiting horses all over the area. “It’s a lot of work, but I love it.”
Madison was amazed. A clear picture of her future suddenly appeared: She would be an animal doctor for horses! The idea filled her with excitement. Her life suddenly felt bigger and full of purpose.
That afternoon, Madison changed her plans when she got home. She hurried past her surprised parents in the kitchen. “I’m going to study math for an hour,” she said loudly, “then ride Star.” Her parents looked at each other in surprise. “She’s studying before riding?” her mother whispered. Her father shrugged, looking proud. “Must be that talk I had about college last week. I guess she listened.” He smiled, pleased with himself.
Madison overheard them as she went upstairs, smiling too. She remembered her dad talking about college last week, but her real inspiration was different: Dr. Landon and his life with horses. She decided she would study math and science hard every night now—those were important subjects for becoming an animal doctor. Her new plan had begun.
21．What was Madison doing when Mrs. Landon called her name?
A．She was doing her math exercises.
B．She was lost in her daydream.
C．She was running after a bird.
D．She was riding her horse on the farm.
22．Why did Madison’s parents feel surprised when she got home that afternoon?
A．Because Madison studied math before riding her horse.
B．Because Madison talked to her parents about her dream.
C．Because Madison made a plan to improve her riding skills.
D．Because Madison asked Dr. Landon to help her with math.
23．What made Madison begin her new plan?
A．Her father talked about college last week.
B．Her teacher’s warning to call her parents.
C．Her dream of being an animal doctor.
D．Her wish to improve her horse-riding performance.
Passage 2
Visit a middle or large size of company these days, and you’re likely to find the staff (全体职工) members sharing a large, open space. Instead of having personal offices with doors and walls, most workers sit in cubicles that are half open. Whenever workers talk on the phone, other members of staff nearby can’t simply shut their doors. In fact, sometimes they can’t help but overhear everything that’s said. At times, the best way to focus in this type of office is to reach for one’s headphones and listen to music.
The open office idea is not new. It was created by a team of consultants (顾问) from Hamburg, Germany, in the 1950s. Called the office landscape (景观) plan, the idea was created to improve communication and the exchange of ideas. The design also encouraged managers and their teams to work near each other, making it easier for managers to guide projects. Now, the open office idea is often used as an excuse for companies to save money on building costs, paying no attention to the effect on working performance.
Many start-ups have a great interest in the open office idea. Take Chartbeat for example, the company’s 50-plus staff members get to choose their desk and chair styles, and everyone shares an open space with the CEO sitting in the middle. The office space has both single workstations and informal meeting areas where workers can relax themselves on sofas. While this design may be perfect for workers in start-ups, it may not be convenient for workers who have a great need of personal space.
In 2011 Matthew Davis, an organizational psychologist (心理学家), checked over a hundred studies about office environments. He found that, to staff in open offices, it was harder to stay focused and more likely to get higher stress than those working in traditional offices. What’s worse, a study in Denmark found that workers in open offices took more sick days than those working in traditional offices.
Even though open office plans present hidden problems on worker health and personal needs, businesses probably won’t return to traditional offices. Modern office workers tend (倾向) to need both time to focus and time to work together with others. So designing offices that account for both needs may be the best way forward.
24．What is mainly discussed about the open office in paragraph 1?
A．The benefit. B．The problem. C．The history. D．The management.
25．What was the purpose of the office landscape plan at the beginning?
A．To save space. B．To reduce cost.
C．To improve working conditions. D．To encourage communication.
26．What does the underlined phrase “account for” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Include. B．Record. C．Forget. D．Translate.
27．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Working in open offices can reduce higher stress.
B．The writer suggests working in traditional offices.
C．Staff members like wearing headphones to listen to music in the open offices.
D．The open offices are good for managers to guide projects and work with the staff.
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Unit 1 Career（复习讲义)
复习要点
1、围绕“Career”主题，复习形容词、主从复合句与并列句。
2、重点掌握不同句型的表达。
复习重难点
重点：本单元核心动词的用法；从句的用法。
难点：主从复合句与并列句在不同情况下的应用。
单元考点：单词、短语、句型
知识点1：What really matters is not what job you do, but how you do it.真正重要的不是你做什么工作，而是你如何做这份工作。
【用法讲解】
■ not…but…：不是……而是……
并列连词结构，用来并列名词、代词、动词短语、宾语从句等成分；语义否定not后的内容，肯定but后面的内容；谓语动词遵循就近原则，谓语单复数和but后面的主语保持一致；可用于强调句型It is … not…but…；易错：but后面不能再加连词and。
【例句】Not money but family makes him happy.｜不是金钱，而是家庭让他幸福。
■ 词义辨析：not…but…vs rather than
not…but…：否定前肯定后，侧重转折强调；
rather than：取舍关系“而不是”，可放句末，无就近原则。
【例句】It is not luck but hard work that leads to success.｜带来成功的不是运气，而是努力。
【例句】Not you but I am responsible for the mistake.｜不是你，而是我要为这个错误负责。
知识点2：You need to be creative, be able to think outside the box, and have excellent problem-solving skills.你需要富有创造力，能够打破常规思考，并且拥有出色的解决问题的能力。
【用法讲解】
■ think outside the box：跳出固有思维；打破常规思考
动词习语，固定搭配；多用于议论文、阅读理解，描述创造性思维；同义表达think out of the box；可放在情态动词need to / have to之后使用。
【例句】To solve this puzzle, you need to think outside the box.解开这个谜题，你要跳出固有思维。
■ 拓展：think v.思考；thought n.想法；thoughtful adj.体贴的；thinker n.思想家
【例句】If you want to solve this hard problem, you have to think outside the box.如果你想解决这个难题，你必须打破常规思考。
【例句】Many great inventions come from people who think outside the box.｜许多伟大的发明都源于敢于打破常规思考的人。
知识点3：All jobs are equally important regardless of what people do.无论人们从事什么工作，所有的工作都同等重要。
【用法讲解】
■ regardless of不管，不顾（介词短语）
介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词、宾语从句，不能直接接完整的陈述句；表让步含义；
■ 易错警示：本身自带让步含义，不可以和but / though / although连用；句中可放句首或者主语之后作状语。
【例句】He will go ahead regardless of danger.不顾危险，他会继续向前。
■ 辨析regardless of vs although
regardless of介词短语+名词/从句；although连词+完整主谓句子。
【例句】Everyone can take part in the activity regardless of age.不论年龄大小，人人都可以参加这项活动。
【例句】He kept going regardless of all the difficulties.不顾重重困难，他继续前行。
知识点4：What really matters is not what job you do, but how you do it.真正重要的不是你做什么工作，而是你如何做这份工作。
【用法讲解】
■ matter v. 要紧，有重大影响
■ 用法：不及物动词，无被动语态、无进行时态；主语大多是事物，一般不用人作主语；
■ 高频句型 It matters. / It doesn’t matter. / What matters is…；
matter还可以作名词，意思“事情，问题”。
【例句】It doesn’t matter what you say.｜你说什么都不重要。
■ 辨析：matter(v.) vs important(adj.)
matter动词：（某事）要紧、有意义；important形容词：重要的
同义转换 It is important. = It matters.
【例句】It doesn’t matter whether you come or not.你来不来都没关系。
【例句】What you think matters a lot to me.你的想法对我很重要。
知识点5：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others and cooperate with each other. 倾听他人、互相协作是每一位成员的责任。
【用法讲解】
■ It is + 名词 + to do sth（it作形式主语）
■ 用法：it是形式主语，无实际含义，只起到占位作用；真正主语是后面不定式to do sth；目的是避免句子头重脚轻，英语习惯把长不定式放句末；
同类句型：It is +形容词 + to do sth；
■易错：考试优先使用it形式主语，不建议直接把to do放在句首作主语。
【例句】It is our duty to protect animals.保护动物是我们的责任。
知识点6：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others and cooperate with each other.倾听他人、互相协作是每一位成员的责任。
【用法讲解】
■ cooperate with sb与某人合作
■ 用法：cooperate是不及物动词，后面接合作对象必须加介词with，不能直接接人；
■ 常用搭配 cooperate with sb in/on sth 在某事上和某人合作；语体正式书面，阅读、作文高频。
【例句】We cooperate with them on this project.我们在这个项目上和他们合作。
知识点7：Everyone has a right to be treated in a polite and friendly way.每个人都有权被以礼貌友好的方式对待。
【用法讲解】
■ have a right to do sth有权做某事
■ 用法：right此处为可数名词“权利”；
固定搭配 have a right + to +动词原形；
被动结构 have a right to be done 有权被……；
拓展 have no right to do sth 无权做某事。
【例句】You have a right to express your ideas.你有权表达你的想法。
知识点8：If we all do our best, we will make our society a better place to live in.如果我们每个人都竭尽全力，我们就会让社会变成更美好的居住地。
【用法讲解】
■ do one’s best尽某人最大努力
■用法：one’s跟随主语变化 do my/your/his/her/their best；
常用搭配 do one’s best to do sth 竭尽全力做某事；同义短语 try one’s best；
【例句】I will do my best to finish the work.我会尽全力完成这份工作。
知识点9：Keep learning and updating your knowledge and skills.不断学习，更新你的知识与技能。
【用法讲解】
■ keep doing sth 持续/一直做某事
■用法：keep后面接动名词doing，表示动作持续反复发生；
■易错：keep后不能接to do不定式；
■拓展： keep on doing（克服困难坚持）、keep sb doing（让某人一直做）、keep sb from doing（阻止某人做）。
【例句】Keep trying and you will succeed.坚持尝试，你会成功。
知识点10：Although people work in different fields and receive different amounts of money for their work, no job is more important than any other.虽然人们身处不同行业，收入各不相同，但没有哪一份工作比另一份更加重要。
【用法讲解】
■ although引导让步状语从句，虽然，尽管
■ 用法：although连词引导让步状语从句，句首句中均可放置；
■ 高频易错：although/though**绝对不能和but连用，
【例句】Although it is late, he is still working.虽然很晚，但他仍然在工作。
知识点11：In this line of work, you'll often face danger, but you'll know that you're performing an important service for people in the local community.从事这份工作，你会经常面对危险，但你会知道自己正在为社区民众提供重要服务。
【用法讲解】
■ in this line of work从事这一行
■ 用法：line此处名词含义“行业、行当”，不是“线条”；固定习语；
可以替换形容词，in the same line of work 从事同一行业。
【例句】In this line of work, patience is necessary.干这一行，耐心是必备的。
知识点12：Then, the school can work out a rule to stop that behaviour happening again.那么学校可以制定一条规则来阻止这类行为再次发生。
【用法讲解】
■ work out制定出；算出；解决
■ 用法：多义及物短语；本句含义“制定规则、计划”；另外含义：算出数学题目、解决难题；
辨析 work on：致力于、正在做，侧重过程尚未完成；work out侧重得到结果。
【例句】We worked out a good plan.我们制定出一份好计划。
单元语法：
一、多个形容词修饰名词的排序
核心口诀
限定词 → 观点评价 → 大小尺寸 → 新旧年龄 → 颜色 → 国籍产地 → 材料 → 名词
记忆小口诀：观（观点）、形（大小形状）、龄（新旧年龄）、色（颜色）、国（国籍）、材（材料）
含义拆解
1. 限定词：a / an / the / this / that / my / your / some
2. 观点评价形容词（主观感受：好不好看、好不好）：beautiful, nice, good, lovely, amazing, independent
3. 大小/形状：small, big, large, round, long
4. 新旧、年龄：new, old
5. 颜色：red, blue, black
6. 国籍、产*：Chinese, English
7. 材料：wooden, cotton, metal（木头的、棉的、金属的）
注意：
很多同学容易搞错：评价类放在大小前面
错：small beautiful box
对：beautiful small box
例句1：a small, independent company一家小型的独立公司
例句2：a lovely little black Chinese toy一个可爱小巧的黑色中国玩具
例句3：an old brown wooden table一张旧的棕色木桌
二、代词 it 的完整初中用法
1. it 指代上文提到的单数事物 / 动物
用法：代替前面出现过的单数名词，避免重复
例：This is a new bike. It is my brother’s.这是一辆新自行车。它是我弟弟的。
2. it 作无人称主语（不指代东西，表时间、天气、距离、温度）
① 天气It is sunny today. 今天天晴。
② 时间It is half past seven. 现在七点半。
③ 距离It is 2 kilometres from my home to school.从我家到学校两公里。
④ 温度It’s 30 degrees. 气温30度。
3. it 作形式主语（高频考点！It is + adj./n. + to do sth）
真正主语是后面的不定式 to do，it 只是占位，放句头。
句型：It is + 形容词 (+for sb) + to do…
例：It is important for us to respect others.对我们来说尊重别人很重要。
句型：It is + 名词 + to do…（你课本原句类型）
课本原句：It's every member's responsibility to listen to others.倾听别人是每个成员的责任。
拓展：It’s our duty to cooperate with teammates.和队友合作是我们的责任。
4. it 作形式宾语（初中常考：find / think + it + adj. + to do）
结构：主语 + think/find + it + 形容词 + to do sth
例：I find it hard to think outside the box.我发现打破常规思考很难。
5. It’s time to do sth / It’s time for sth 该做……了
例：It’s time to update our skills.是时候更新我们的技能了。
6. It takes sb + 时间 + to do 花费某人多久做某事
例：It takes me two hours to finish the work.我花两个小时完成这份工作。
7. 强调句型（了解）It is … that…
It is teamwork that helps us win.正是团队协作帮助我们获胜。
三、并列句 & 主从复合句
（一）并列句
四大类并列连词：and, but, or, so
1. and 和；并且（顺承、并列、递进）
例：He listens carefully and he cooperates with others.他认真倾听，并且和其他人合作。
2. but 但是（转折）
例：Robots may be used to perform cleaning tasks, but they won't be able to make a room look nice.机器人可以用来打扫卫生，但它们没办法把房间布置得美观。
3. or 或者；否则
① 表选择：You can give it a try, or you can give up.你可以试一试，也可以放弃。
② 表“否则”：Hurry up, or you will miss the deadline.快点，不然你会错过截止日期。
4. so 所以（结果）
例：He thinks outside the box, so he solves the problem quickly.他善于打破常规思考，所以很快解决了问题。
重要易错点：because 和 so 不能连用；although 和 but 不能连用！
错：Although he is hard-working, but he fails.
对：Although he is hard-working, he fails.
对：He is hard-working, but he fails.
（二）主从复合句
连词：although, if, when, unless, whether
1. although / though 虽然，尽管（让步状语从句）
结构：Although + 从句，主句
课本例句：Although people work in different fields, no job is more important than any other.虽然人们从事不同行业，但没有哪个工作比别的工作更重要。
拓展：Although the task is difficult, I want to give it a try.虽然任务很难，但我想试一试。
2. if 如果（条件状语从句，主将从现！重中之重）
if从句一般现在时，主句一般将来时
例：If we all do our best, we will make our society better.如果我们每个人竭尽全力，我们会让社会变得更好。
3. when 当……时候（时间状语从句）
例：When you meet difficulties, you need to think outside the box.当你遇到困难时，你需要打破常规思考。
4. unless 除非（=if…not）
例：You cannot improve unless you keep learning.除非你坚持学习，否则你无法进步。
5. whether 是否（宾语从句连词）
例：I don’t know whether he will accept the job.我不知道他是否会接受这份工作。
（时间：30分钟）
1、 单项选择
1．Liu Yang was the first Chinese woman in space, and I admire ________ a lot.
A．you B．her C．it D．them
2．We did some voluntary work ________ a park yesterday.
A．on B．to C．in D．of
3．—Hey, Rachel. Do we have to finish our creative project today?
—No, we ________. We still have a few days left.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．shouldn’t D．mustn’t
4．—________ do you often do with these recycled bottles?
—I make pencil holders.
A．Where B．What C．Why D．When
5．Chinese is one of ________ languages in the world.
A．old B．older C．oldest D．the oldest
6．AI is now helping us in many ways, ________ we still need to think on our own.
A．or B．so C．but D．for
7．Lucy ________ the book The Adventures of Tom Sawyer many times and she loves it very much.
A．will read B．is reading C．was reading D．has read
8．If you play this role, you ________ Tom’s life and thoughts in his time better.
A．understand B．will understand C．understood D．have understood
9．Susan ________ her homework at 8 p.m. yesterday, while her brother was reading.
A．does B．did C．was doing D．has done
10．Mr. White ______ Chinese classes every Friday because he will visit China next year
A．takes B．took C．will take D．was taking
11．The Jingzhang Railway, a great project in Chinese history, ________ by Zhan Tianyou.
A．design B．designed C．was designed D．is designed
12．—Jason, could you please tell me ________?
—Next Friday.
A．when we went to the science museum B．when did we go to the science museum
C．when we will go to the science museum D．when will we go to the science museum
1．B
【详解】句意：刘洋是中国第一位进入太空的女性，我非常钦佩她。
考查代词辨析。you你；her她；it它；them他们/她们/它们。根据“Liu Yang was the first Chinese woman in space”可知，空格处指代前文提到的“Liu Yang”，她是女性且为单数，在句中作宾语，需用宾格代词“her”表示“她”。故选B。
2．C
【详解】句意：我们昨天在公园做了一些志愿工作。
考查介词辨析。on在……上；to到；in在……里；of……的。根据“a park”可知，表示在公园内部进行志愿工作，强调地点范围，应用in。故选C。
3．A
【详解】句意：——嘿，Rachel。我们必须今天完成我们的创意项目吗？——不，我们不必。我们还有几天时间。
考查情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；can’t不能；shouldn’t不应该；mustn’t禁止；根据答句“We still have a few days left”（我们还有几天时间）可知，此处强调“没有必要”今天完成，而非“不能”“不应该”或“禁止”，故用“needn’t”表示“不必”。故选A。
4．B
【详解】句意：——你经常用这些回收的瓶子做什么？——我做笔筒。
考查疑问词辨析。Where哪里；What什么；Why为什么；When什么时候。根据答句“I make pencil holders”可知，此处询问“你经常用这些回收的瓶子做什么”。故选B。
5．D
【详解】句意：中文是世界上最古老的语言之一。
考查形容词最高级。old古老的(原级)；older更古老的(比较级)；oldest缺少定冠词the；the oldest最古老的(最高级)。one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数表示“最……的……之一”，固定搭配，最高级前必须加定冠词the。故选D。
6．C
【详解】句意：人工智能现在在许多方面帮助我们，但是我们仍然需要自己思考。
考查连词辨析。or或者；so所以；but但是；for因为。根据“AI is now helping us in many ways”和“we still need to think on our own”可知，前半句强调 AI 的帮助，后半句强调仍需独立思考，前后句意构成转折关系，需用表示转折的连词。应填but。
7．D
【详解】句意：露西已经读过《汤姆·索亚历险记》很多次，她非常喜欢这本书。
考查动词时态。“many times”表示多次重复的动作，强调过去的经历对现在的影响，且后句“she loves it very much”表明该动作导致现在的结果（喜爱此书），需用现在完成时。故选D。
8．B
【详解】句意：如果你扮演这个角色，你将会更好地理解汤姆在那个时期的生活和想法。
考查动词时态。understand理解，一般现在时；will understand将会理解，一般将来时；understood理解，一般过去时；have understood已经理解，现在完成时。根据“If you play this role”可知，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时，所以此处应用一般将来时。故选B。
9．C
【详解】句意：Susan 昨天晚上八点正在做作业，而她的弟弟正在读书。
考查过去进行时。does做，一般现在时；did做，一般过去时；was doing正在做，过去进行时；has done已经做了，现在完成时。根据时间状语“at 8 p.m. yesterday”（具体过去时间点）和“while”引导的从句（表示同时发生的动作），强调在那一刻动作正在进行，需用过去进行时。故选C。
10．A
【详解】句意：怀特先生每周五上中文课，因为他明年将访问中国。
考查动词时态。根据时间状语“every Friday”可知，此处表示经常性、习惯性的动作，需用一般现在时。主语“Mr. White”为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式takes。应填takes。
11．C
【详解】句意：京张铁路，中国历史上的一个伟大工程，是由詹天佑设计的。
考查动词的时态和被动语态。design设计，动词原形；designed设计，过去式或过去分词；was designed一般过去时的被动语态；is designed一般现在时的被动语态。分析句子结构可知，空处是句子的谓语动词，主语“京张铁路”是动作的承受者，且该工程为历史事件，需用一般过去时的被动语态表示“被设计”。故选C。
12．C
【详解】句意：——Jason，你能告诉我我们何时去科学博物馆吗？——下周五。
考查宾语从句的语序和时态。根据“could you please tell me…”可知此处是宾语从句，需用陈述句语序，即主语在前，谓语在后，而选项B和D为疑问句语序 (助动词did/will提前)，不符合语法规则；答语“Next Friday”表示将来时间，故此处宾语从句也用一般将来时，选项A时态为一般过去时，与语境不符。故选C。
2、 完形填空
Rob made ends meet for his family as a handyman, doing odd jobs around the area. But those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial crisis. Then he lost his apartment. This 13 his family into renting a motel room.
“We have to pay rent every day, and I’m running 14 on money,” Rob said. So, the 15 handyman took to the streets with a sign that read: “Handyman, 25 years exp., Need work.” Rob wasn’t asking for money or looking for a handout but rather for an opportunity to make money.
Rob stood on the side of the highway holding his sign for a week. The temperatures were scorching (灼热的) but he 16 the hot sun each day in the hopes of finding work. Someone took a photo of him and shared it on social media! Kyle, the owner of Greenstar Home Remodeling, saw Rob’s photo online. And he offered the handyman a chance to help him get back on his feet.
Kyle brought Rob on to help with some demolition (拆除的) work. Rob didn’t even ask how much the job paid. He just showed up. “I 17 out as a painter, and then I became a landscaper—roofing—whatever I could make money at,” the handyman explained.
Rob 18 intends to put his all into working for Kyle for as long as Kyle has jobs for him. And after seeing Rob’s dedication and 19 , Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the man build a brighter future.
Sometimes all someone needs is to be given a 20 .
13．A．fooled B．forced C．frightened D．persuaded
14．A．deep B．free C．hard D．short
15．A．careless B．aimless C．unemployed D．unwilling
16．A．braved B．escaped C．expected D．enjoyed
17．A．reached B．started C．dropped D．hung
18．A．fully B．hardly C．possibly D．casually
19．A．creativity B．curiosity C．drive D．interest
20．A．lesson B．choice C．challenge D．chance
【答案】13．B 14．D 15．C 16．A 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．D
【导语】本文讲述了罗伯因经济危机失去零工和公寓，举牌找工作以谋生，后被凯尔发现并帮助的故事。
【详解】13．句意：这迫使他的家人租了一个汽车旅馆房间。
fooled愚弄，干傻事；forced强迫，用力推；frightened使害怕；persuaded劝说。根据“But those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial crisis.”可知，罗伯家由于经济危机失去了他们的公寓，这迫使他们租住在汽车旅馆里。故选B。
14．句意：“我们每天都要付房租，我的钱快用完了，”罗伯说。
deep深的；free自由的，免费的；hard困难的，硬的；short短的，矮的。根据“We have to pay rent every day,”可知，罗伯失去工作又遇上经济危机，由此可推知他的钱快用完了。run short是一个固定短语，用完。故选D。
15．句意：于是，这位失业的杂工走上街头，举着一个牌子，上面写着：“杂工，25年经验，需要工作。”
careless粗心的；aimless没有目标的；unemployed未被雇用的，失业的；unwilling不愿意的。根据“But those odd jobs quickly dried up due to a financial crisis.”可知，罗伯失去了工作，处于失业状态。故选C。
16．句意：虽然气温越来越高，但他每天都勇敢冒着烈日，希望能找到工作。
braved勇敢面对，(使)显眼；escaped逃离；expected期望；enjoyed享受。根据“The temperatures were scorching (灼热的)”可知，罗伯每天勇敢冒着烈日，期待找到工作。故选A。
17．句意：“我一开始是一个油漆工，然后我成为了一个庭院设计师屋顶施工任何能赚钱的行业，”勤杂工解释说。
reached到达；started开始；dropped掉下；hung悬挂。根据“out as a painter”可知，此处指罗伯最开始当过油漆工来谋生。故选B。
18．句意：只要凯尔还有工作给他，罗伯就会全力以赴为他工作。
fully充分地，完全地，彻底地；hardly几乎不；possibly可能地；casually随意地，漫不经心地，临时地，偶然地。根据“put his all into working for Kyle”可知，罗伯只要有工作就会全力以赴去做。故选A。
19．句意：在看到罗伯的奉献和干劲后，凯尔愿意尽他所能帮助这个男人建立一个更光明的未来。
creativity创造力；curiosity好奇心；drive干劲；interest兴趣，利息。空格处与前文的dedication并列，由此可推知此处指罗伯的奉献和干劲让凯尔愿意帮助他。故选C。
20．句意：有时候一个人需要的只是一个机会。
lesson课，教训；choice选择；challenge挑战；chance机会。根据“Kyle is willing to do all he can to help the man build a brighter future.”可知，凯尔愿意帮助罗伯，让他有了创造美好未来的机会。由此可知有时候一个人需要的只是一个机会。故选D。
3、 阅读理解
Passage 1
Madison’s Dream
Madison looked out of the classroom window. A bird flew freely across the sky, cutting through a white cloud. Total freedom, she thought, wishing she could escape (摆脱) math class like that bird. Her mind wandered to her horse, Star, and the summer days riding him. Lost in her daydream, she didn’t hear Mrs. Landon calling her name until the teacher’s voice brought her back. The class laughed as Mrs. Landon asked about the homework.
“I didn’t have trouble doing it,” Madison said, “but I forgot to bring it.” More laughter filled the room. Mrs. Landon sighed, clearly disappointed with Madison’s constant daydreaming, and mentioned talking to her parents.
Soon, Mrs. Landon introduced a special guest: Dr. Landon, an animal doctor visiting for Career Day. He talked about how important school grades were and how hard he studied math and science when he was young. Madison found it hard to focus until one word caught her ear: “horse.”
Dr. Landon explained that working with horses lets him be outside all day. “Does anyone here have a horse?” he asked. Madison’s hand shot up. “I do! His name is Star!”
“A big brown horse on Anderson Road?” Dr. Landon asked. He remembered treating Star. Madison was amazed and happy that he knew her horse. “So you spend your days taking care of horses?” “Most days,” Dr. Landon said, describing his job visiting horses all over the area. “It’s a lot of work, but I love it.”
Madison was amazed. A clear picture of her future suddenly appeared: She would be an animal doctor for horses! The idea filled her with excitement. Her life suddenly felt bigger and full of purpose.
That afternoon, Madison changed her plans when she got home. She hurried past her surprised parents in the kitchen. “I’m going to study math for an hour,” she said loudly, “then ride Star.” Her parents looked at each other in surprise. “She’s studying before riding?” her mother whispered. Her father shrugged, looking proud. “Must be that talk I had about college last week. I guess she listened.” He smiled, pleased with himself.
Madison overheard them as she went upstairs, smiling too. She remembered her dad talking about college last week, but her real inspiration was different: Dr. Landon and his life with horses. She decided she would study math and science hard every night now—those were important subjects for becoming an animal doctor. Her new plan had begun.
21．What was Madison doing when Mrs. Landon called her name?
A．She was doing her math exercises.
B．She was lost in her daydream.
C．She was running after a bird.
D．She was riding her horse on the farm.
22．Why did Madison’s parents feel surprised when she got home that afternoon?
A．Because Madison studied math before riding her horse.
B．Because Madison talked to her parents about her dream.
C．Because Madison made a plan to improve her riding skills.
D．Because Madison asked Dr. Landon to help her with math.
23．What made Madison begin her new plan?
A．Her father talked about college last week.
B．Her teacher’s warning to call her parents.
C．Her dream of being an animal doctor.
D．Her wish to improve her horse-riding performance.
【答案】21．B 22．A 23．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了麦迪逊上课总做白日梦，在职业日遇到动物医生兰登博士，受到启发，树立了成为马科动物医生的梦想，并决定努力学习数学和科学，开启新计划的故事。
【详解】21．第一段指出：“Lost in her daydream, she didn’t hear Mrs. Landon calling her name until the teacher’s voice brought her back.”，说明兰登老师叫麦迪逊名字时，她正沉浸在白日梦中。
22．第八段指出：“I’m going to study math for an hour,” she said loudly, “then ride Star.” Her parents looked at each other in surprise. “She’s studying before riding?” her mother whispered. 说明麦迪逊的父母感到惊讶是因为她回家后先学习数学，再去骑马。
23．第七段指出：“A clear picture of her future suddenly appeared: She would be an animal doctor for horses! The idea filled her with excitement.” 以及最后一段“she decided she would study math and science hard every night now—those were important subjects for becoming an animal doctor. Her new plan had begun.”，说明是成为动物医生的梦想让麦迪逊开启了新计划。
Passage 2
Visit a middle or large size of company these days, and you’re likely to find the staff (全体职工) members sharing a large, open space. Instead of having personal offices with doors and walls, most workers sit in cubicles that are half open. Whenever workers talk on the phone, other members of staff nearby can’t simply shut their doors. In fact, sometimes they can’t help but overhear everything that’s said. At times, the best way to focus in this type of office is to reach for one’s headphones and listen to music.
The open office idea is not new. It was created by a team of consultants (顾问) from Hamburg, Germany, in the 1950s. Called the office landscape (景观) plan, the idea was created to improve communication and the exchange of ideas. The design also encouraged managers and their teams to work near each other, making it easier for managers to guide projects. Now, the open office idea is often used as an excuse for companies to save money on building costs, paying no attention to the effect on working performance.
Many start-ups have a great interest in the open office idea. Take Chartbeat for example, the company’s 50-plus staff members get to choose their desk and chair styles, and everyone shares an open space with the CEO sitting in the middle. The office space has both single workstations and informal meeting areas where workers can relax themselves on sofas. While this design may be perfect for workers in start-ups, it may not be convenient for workers who have a great need of personal space.
In 2011 Matthew Davis, an organizational psychologist (心理学家), checked over a hundred studies about office environments. He found that, to staff in open offices, it was harder to stay focused and more likely to get higher stress than those working in traditional offices. What’s worse, a study in Denmark found that workers in open offices took more sick days than those working in traditional offices.
Even though open office plans present hidden problems on worker health and personal needs, businesses probably won’t return to traditional offices. Modern office workers tend (倾向) to need both time to focus and time to work together with others. So designing offices that account for both needs may be the best way forward.
24．What is mainly discussed about the open office in paragraph 1?
A．The benefit. B．The problem. C．The history. D．The management.
25．What was the purpose of the office landscape plan at the beginning?
A．To save space. B．To reduce cost.
C．To improve working conditions. D．To encourage communication.
26．What does the underlined phrase “account for” in the last paragraph probably mean?
A．Include. B．Record. C．Forget. D．Translate.
27．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Working in open offices can reduce higher stress.
B．The writer suggests working in traditional offices.
C．Staff members like wearing headphones to listen to music in the open offices.
D．The open offices are good for managers to guide projects and work with the staff.
【答案】24．B 25．D 26．A 27．D
【导语】本文主要讨论了在开放的办公环境下工作的利与弊。
【详解】24．主旨大意题。根据第一段“Visit a middle or large size of company these days, and you’re likely to find the staff (全体职工) members sharing a large, open space. Instead of having personal offices with doors and walls, most workers sit in cubicles that are half open. Whenever workers talk on the phone, other members of staff nearby can’t simply shut their doors. In fact, sometimes they can’t help but overhear everything that’s said.（如今，访问一家大中型公司，你很有可能会发现员工共享一个大的、开放空间。大多数员工坐在半开着的小隔间里，而不是有门和墙的私人办公室。每当员工打电话时，附近的其他员工不能简单地关门。事实上，有时他们会情不自禁地听到他们所说的一切）”可知，第一段主要讲述了开放工作环境的问题。故选B。
25．细节理解题。根据“Called the office landscape plan, the idea was created to improve communication and the exchange of ideas.”可知办公室景观计划的初衷是促进人们的交流和交换想法。故选D。
26．词义猜测题。根据“ Modern office workers tend to need both time to focus and time to work together with others. So designing offices that account for both needs may be the best way forward.”可知现代办公室工人更倾向于需要既能集中注意力，又能有时间和别人一起工作，所以推测设计办公室最好的方法是包含两种需要。故“account for”在此表示“包含，包括”，故选A。
27．细节理解题。根据“ The design also encouraged managers and their teams to work near each other, making it easier for managers to guide projects.”可知开放式办公室鼓励经理和他们的团队工作在一起，便于经营者指导项目。故选D。
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