期中复盘・说明文阅读提分训练CD篇攻坚・同源变式精练2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

期中复盘・说明文阅读提分训练（人教版英语九年级上册）CD篇攻坚・同源变式解析版 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、阅读理解 China’s Space Mice: Tiny Astronauts on a Big Mission China has sent four special mice to the Tiangong Space Station, marking its first experiment with small mammals (哺乳动物) in space. The journey began with 300 mice. Scientists spent 60 days choosing the best ones. The mice had to pass many tests. For example, they needed to stay on a turning rod for more than 110 seconds to show they were strong. This is important for fighting space sickness. They even had to find their way through mazes to show how well they could remember places. Only 48 mice made it. Finally, two male and two female mice were chosen. These black mice have very similar genes (基因) because they come from a special group. This helps scientists get more exact results from the experiments. Their space home was made just for them. It has a controlled temperature, enough food and water, and a system to clean waste, just like they would have in nature. In space, astronauts moved the mice into a special research box. This box was brought to the station earlier by the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft. Scientists on Earth will watch the mice through cameras. They want to learn how living without gravity (引力) and in a small space influences the mice. They will study how the mice move, eat and sleep. Another interesting experiment will look at how space changes tiny things inside their bodies. This mission is very important because it is a “from 0 to 1” breakthrough. It tests if China can safely send mammals to space, care for them, and bring them back. Mice are good for space research because their bodies are similar to humans in many ways. What we learn from them will help keep astronauts safe on long space trips. It will also support China’s plans to send people to the moon before 2030 and to Mars one day. After their space adventure, scientists will study them carefully. Like human astronauts, these brave little mice are helping humans get ready to explore deeper into space. 1．How many mice took part in the selection tests for the space mission? A．48. B．60. C．300. 2．Which picture best describes the word “mazes” in Paragraph 2? A． B． C． 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The research box. B．The turning rod. C．The space home. 4．What can we know about the four mice from the text? A．They will help to prepare for future human space missions. B．They have the same genes and are the first mammals in space. C．They passed all tests easily and their home is exactly like Earth. 5．Why is the mouse experiment called a “from 0 to 1” breakthrough? A．Because it is China’s first time to send mice to the space station. B．Because it is China’s first time to use cameras to watch animals in space. C．Because it is China’s first time to send mammals to space and bring them back safely. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．C 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了中国将四只实验小鼠送上天宫空间站的相关内容，涵盖小鼠选拔流程、太空居住环境、实验研究方向，以及本次小型哺乳动物太空实验的重要意义，该任务将为中国后续载人深空探索提供支持。 【详解】1．根据文章第二段“The journey began with 300 mice. Scientists spent 60 days choosing the best ones. The mice had to pass many tests.”可知，参与此次太空任务选拔测试的老鼠共有300只。 2．根据文章第二段“They even had to find their way through mazes to show how well they could remember places.”可知，mazes是需要老鼠找路、用于测试空间记忆力的迷宫，对应选项C的图片内容。 3．根据文章第三段“Their space home was made just for them. It has a controlled temperature, enough food and water, and a system to clean waste, just like they would have in nature.”可知，划线代词it指代前文中提到的老鼠的太空之家。 4．根据文章第五段“What we learn from them will help keep astronauts safe on long space trips. It will also support China’s plans to send people to the moon before 2030 and to Mars one day.”可知，这四只老鼠会帮助人类为未来的太空任务做准备。 5．根据文章第五段“This mission is very important because it is a ‘from 0 to 1’ breakthrough. It tests if China can safely send mammals to space, care for them, and bring them back.”可知，该实验被称为“从0到1”的突破，是因为这是中国首次尝试将哺乳动物送入太空、开展照料并安全带回的任务。 Oceans cover about 71 percent of the Earth’s surface, but there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals haven’t been discovered yet. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4,700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered. Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, at greater depths, it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1,000 times greater than that on the surface. Facing many difficulties, it’s still important for us to explore and understand the seas. They help control the Earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (氧气) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 6．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how important oceans are. B．To discuss why sea animals haven’t been found out. C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the Earth. D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans. 7．What does the underlined word “mapped” mean? A．Marked out. B．Looked for. C．Speeded up. D．Cut up. 8．What made scientists change their minds about the deep sea? A．The first navigable submarine was built in 1620. B．Life was found much deeper than they had thought. C．A digging machine mapped 80 percent of the seafloor. D．About 4,700 new land species were discovered in ten years. 9．What can we infer from the text? A．The seafloor will be fully mapped in the near future. B．More sea animals will be discovered with better technology. C．People will stop exploring the deep sea because of the difficulties. D．The deep sea becomes warmer at greater depths. 10．What is the main idea of the text? A．Satellites are widely used in ocean exploration. B．The environment in the deep sea is terrible. C．Deep-sea exploration is difficult but important for humans. D．Lots of unknown sea animals are waiting to be discovered. 【答案】6．D 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类对海洋，尤其是深海探索的现状、困难以及探索深海的重要意义。 【详解】6．推理判断题。第一段列举了海洋覆盖地球71%的表面、只有20%的海底被测绘、91%的海洋动物尚未被发现等数字，这些数字共同说明了人类对海洋的了解还非常有限，即我们对它的了解很少。 7．词句猜测题。第一段提到“Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us.”， mapped与后文的secret形成对比，表示海底被绘制或标出的部分，与marked out含义相近。 8．细节理解题。第二段提到“However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine.”，科学家改变想法是因为在比预想更深的地方发现了生命。 9．推理判断题。第三段提到“high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea”，高科技已发展起来，以帮助探索深海，因此可以推断随着技术发展，更多的海洋动物将被发现。 10．主旨大意题。文章首先指出人类对深海知之甚少，接着说明深海探索极其困难，最后强调尽管困难重重，探索海洋仍然非常重要。因此文章的主旨是“深海探索虽然困难，但对人类很重要”。 Noise is far more than just something annoying. Many experts warn that if people stay in a noisy environment for a long time, their health will be badly influenced, especially their hearts and sleep. A recent talk by scientist Mathias Basner highlighted (突出强调) that noise increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart problems and stroke. It also breaks people’s sleep quietly, even if you don’t realize it. These effects often go unnoticed, but they have become a serious public health problem worldwide. Basner explained that noise is described as unwanted sound. For example, a rock concert may be enjoyable for the listeners, but for someone living nearby, the same music becomes stressful noise. Such stress pushes bodies to produce special hormones (激素) like adrenaline and cortisol, which can stiffen (硬化) blood vessels over time. Studies show that people living near busy roads or airports are more likely to have heart diseases. Besides, noise during the night can wake you up for a short time without your awareness. As a result, you will feel tired and less focused in the daytime. The good news is that you can take simple steps to protect yourself. If a place is too loud, speak up or even leave. Before buying a house, visit it at different hours to check noise levels. You can also move your bedroom to a quieter side of the house, use noise-canceling earphones and avoid noisy areas on weekends. At the same time, experts hope governments will make stricter noise rules. As Basner noted, reducing noise by just five decibels (分贝) can save plenty of money on medical care. Reducing noise helps everyone enjoy better sleep and healthier hearts. 11．Why does the writer mention Mathias Basner’s talk in paragraph 1? A．To compare different kinds of illnesses. B．To tell readers how to stay away from noise. C．To introduce how the scientist gives a speech. D．To show noise pollution is harmful to people’s health. 12．What does the underlined word “awareness” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Power. B．Notice. C．Courage. D．Doubt. 13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Where people can find noisy places. B．How hormones keep our blood vessels strong. C．How noise creates stress and harms our bodies. D．Why rock concerts are popular among young people. 14．What can we probably infer from the text? A．Rock concerts are always harmful to all people. B．Moving houses is the only way to avoid noise. C．People can easily feel the harm of noise right away. D．We can take action to cut down noise in our daily life. 15．What may people do after reading the text? A．Reduce the noise problems in life. B．Take more exercise. C．Solve all kinds of health problems. D．Learn to relax when busy. 【答案】11．D 12．B 13．C 14．D 15．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了噪音污染对人们身心健康的严重危害，并提出了个人和政府应对噪音问题的具体建议。 【详解】11．推理判断题。根据文章第一段“A recent talk by scientist Mathias Basner highlighted that noise increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart problems and stroke.”可推知，作者引用科学家的讲话是为了具体说明噪音会增加患病风险，从而证明噪音污染对健康有害。 12．词句猜测题。根据文章第二段“noise during the night can wake you up for a short time without your awareness. As a result, you will feel tired...”可推知，夜间噪音会在人无意识的情况下唤醒睡眠，导致白天疲惫，此处单词意为“察觉、注意”，与Notice含义相近。 13．主旨大意题。根据文章第二段“Such stress pushes bodies to produce special hormones like adrenaline and cortisol, which can stiffen blood vessels over time.”可推知，本段主要阐述了噪音如何通过产生压力激素导致血管硬化等身体伤害，核心内容是噪音如何产生压力并危害身体。 14．推理判断题。根据文章第三段“The good news is that you can take simple steps to protect yourself.”可推知，文章列举了多种自我保护措施，说明人们可以在日常生活中采取行动来减少噪音的影响。 15．推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Reducing noise helps everyone enjoy better sleep and healthier hearts.”可推知，文章旨在倡导减少噪音以获益健康，读者读后可能会在生活中尝试减少噪音问题。 ①Like every other machine, satellites do not last forever. Whether they observe the weather, measure greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (大气), or study the stars far from Earth, they will all grow old, wear out and die one day, just like old washing machines and vacuum cleaners. When a satellite’s time has finally come, how do people deal with it? In fact, there are two different ways, and the choice depends mainly on how high the satellite is flying. ②For satellites in lower orbits (轨道), engineers usually use the last bit of fuel to slow them down. As a result, they fall out of orbit and burn up in the atmosphere. For smaller satellites, this process is quite simple: the heat produced by air friction (空气阻力) burns them up completely as they rush toward Earth at thousands of miles per hour. ③However, bigger objects like space stations and large spacecraft may not burn up completely before reaching the ground. To solve this problem, operators carefully plan a safe final path for them so that any remaining debris (剩余碎片) falls into a remote area in the middle of the Pacific Ocean—the farthest place from human civilization. This special and lonely area has a special name: the Spacecraft Cemetery. ④What about satellites in very high orbits? For these, the situation is quite different. Slowing down enough to fall back to Earth takes a great deal of fuel, so it is actually cheaper and easier to push them farther into space instead. These satellites are sent into a “graveyard orbit”, about 200 miles beyond the farthest active satellites and 22,400 miles above Earth. ⑤So is that the end of it for these far-away satellites? For us, perhaps yes. However, these far-away satellites will stay in orbit for a very long time. Maybe one day in the near future, humans will need to send “space garbage (太空垃圾) trucks” to clean them up. Until then, at least, they are safely out of the way. 16．What decides the way people deal with useless satellites? A．Their size. B．Their function. C．Their working time. D．Their flying height. 17．What happens to large low-orbit satellites at last? A．They stay in orbit all the time. B．They are pushed into farther space. C．They fall into the Pacific Ocean. D．They burn up fully in the atmosphere. 18．What can we know from paragraph 4? A．Satellites in graveyard orbit still work well. B．Graveyard orbit is away from active satellites. C．High-orbit satellites need little fuel to go back. D．It costs less to bring high satellites back to Earth. 19．What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 20．What will people probably focus on in the near future? A．Inventing tools to clear space rubbish. B．Building new satellites for space research. C．Improving satellites to work much longer. D．Studying orbits for closer weather satellites. 【答案】16．D 17．C 18．B 19．B 20．A 【导语】本文是说明文，核心介绍了报废卫星的两类处理方式，方式选择主要由卫星飞行高度决定：低轨道卫星通常减速后坠入大气层，大型低轨道航天器的剩余残骸会落入太平洋的“航天器坟场”；高轨道卫星会被推送至更远的“墓地轨道”，文章同时展望了未来太空垃圾清理的相关方向。 【详解】16．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“In fact, there are two different ways, and the choice depends mainly on how high the satellite is flying.”可知，处理报废卫星的方式由卫星的飞行高度决定。 17．细节理解题。根据文章第3段“operators carefully plan a safe final path for them so that any remaining debris falls into a remote area in the middle of the Pacific Ocean”可知，大型低轨道航天器最终的剩余残骸会落入太平洋。 18．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“These satellites are sent into a ‘graveyard orbit’, about 200 miles beyond the farthest active satellites”可知，墓地轨道距离最远的在用卫星约200英里，即墓地轨道远离在用卫星。 19．篇章结构题。根据第1段“In fact, there are two different ways, and the choice depends mainly on how high the satellite is flying.”总起全文，点明核心话题；第2、3段围绕低轨道卫星的处理展开，分别介绍小型低轨道卫星和大型低轨道航天器的处理方式；第4段介绍高轨道卫星的处理方式；第5段“Until then, at least, they are safely out of the way.”总结全文并做展望。可知文章为总-分-总结构，分述部分分为低轨道处理（2、3段）和高轨道处理（4段）两大模块，与选项B的结构匹配。 20．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“Maybe one day in the near future, humans will need to send ‘space garbage trucks’ to clean them up.”可推知，不久的将来人们可能会专注于发明清理太空垃圾的工具。 In the new town square near the Pinglu Canal (运河) in Lingshan County, there stands a tall camphor tree (樟树) with a history of nearly 220 years. Every evening, local villagers sit under its green leaves to chat and enjoy the cool wind. “The old tree is like our family member. It has grown up with us,” said a villager named Ling Changhe. When workers built the Pinglu Canal, people once faced a difficult choice. At first, the project team planned to move the old tree to a city park. However, villagers didn’t want it to be moved away. After listening to people’s voices, the team worked with the local government to think of a better plan. Finally, they decided to transplant the old tree to the new town square, so it could stay with the villagers. As an old saying goes, trees may easily die after being moved. Old trees are just like elderly people. Moving them may greatly affect their growth. Before the transplanting, workers carefully treated the tree’s roots and watched its condition for months. They did not move it until new roots and fresh buds (芽) grew out. On the moving day, workers used 2 large machines to lift the tree. It was 12.3 metres tall and weighed over 50 tons. They kept working from early morning till daybreak the next day. Special experts gave guidance all the time. They made strict rules to protect old trees and the local environment. So far, 36 old trees have been successfully transplanted. All trees older than 80 years are well protected. Every old tree has its own growth record, and workers will keep checking it for five years. 21．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 show? A．The tree is as old as the villagers. B．Villagers have deep love for the tree. C．Villagers stay with the tree every day. D．The tree needs good care from people. 22．When did workers move the old tree? A．After they cut down other trees nearby. B．After they finished building the canal. C．After new roots and fresh buds grew out. D．As soon as villagers agreed to the plan. 23．Why does the writer use the numbers in Paragraph 5? A．To tell us how long the whole job took. B．To explain how old the camphor tree was. C．To introduce the machines for moving the tree. D．To show the tree was huge and moving it was hard. 24．Which is the correct order of the events? ① Make rules to protect old trees.  ② Move the tree to the new square with machines. ③ Plan to move the tree to a city park.  ④ Decide to transplant the tree to the nearby new square. A．③ → ④ → ② → ① B．③ → ② → ④ → ① C．④ → ③ → ② → ① D．④ → ③ → ① → ② 25．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To describe the size of the old tree. B．To invite readers to enjoy the old tree. C．To show the efforts in protecting old trees. D．To introduce different ways to transplant old trees. 【答案】21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．C 【导语】本文讲述了平陆运河建设过程中，工程团队听取村民意见，将一棵有近220年历史的老樟树移植到新镇广场，并采取科学措施保障古树存活、制定规则保护古树的故事，体现了对古树与当地生态的保护与重视。 【详解】21．词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“The old tree is like our family member. It has grown up with us”可知，村民将老樟树视作家人，体现出村民对这棵树有着深厚的喜爱与珍视之情。 22．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“They did not move it until new roots and fresh buds (芽) grew out.”可知，工人们在古树长出新根和新芽之后才开展移植工作。 23．推理判断题。根据文章第5段“workers used 2 large machines to lift the tree. It was 12.3 metres tall and weighed over 50 tons. They kept working from early morning till daybreak the next day.”可知，这些数字直观体现出古树体型庞大、重量极大，也反映出移植这棵古树的难度很高。 24．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“At first, the project team planned to move the old tree to a city park.”可知，最初计划将古树移栽到城市公园，对应③；根据文章第3段“Finally, they decided to transplant the old tree to the new town square, so it could stay with the villagers.”可知，之后决定把古树移栽到新广场，对应④；根据文章第5段“On the moving day, workers used 2 large machines to lift the tree.”可知，工人使用机器移栽古树，对应②；根据文章第6段“They made strict rules to protect old trees and the local environment.”可知，制定条例保护古树，对应①。事件顺序为③→④→②→①。 25．主旨大意题。全文围绕老樟树的移植与保护展开，介绍了移植前的准备、移植过程的施工安排以及后续的古树保护制度，作者写作本文是为了展现人们在保护古树方面付出的诸多努力。 One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Green leaves turn into orange, yellow, red and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology” (叶片物候学). Many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study that came out earlier this year, autumn time is growing longer. It is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining (毁坏) the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Diamond, a climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal experience, but research actually supports what we’ re seeing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜), Dr. Mann said. “That means pests (害虫) stay active for a longer time in autumn and it’s a greater health risk to us.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to delay (延缓) this development. If we reduce carbon emissions (减少碳排放) , they could still stop the worst effects (影响) of climate change. “A new study says that surface warming will possibly stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann noted in Live Science recently. Autumn is such a wonderful season — whether it’s the golden leaves covering the grasslands in North China or the ginkgo trees (银杏树) dropping their yellow leaves in our schoolyard, it’s a gift we should keep. The beautiful autumn we protect today may be the sweet memory we will hold tomorrow. 26．What is “leaf phenology” according to the passage? A．The fall of leaves in winter. B．The protection of leaves in summer. C．The growth of leaves in spring. D．The change of leaf colors in autumn. 27．Which is the effect of climate change on autumn? A．Autumn is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors sooner. C．There is less frost in autumn. D．We have sweet memory about autumn. 28．What is the result of later frosts? A．There are fewer pests in autumn. B．Pests stay active for a longer time. C．Leaves are changing their colors earlier. D．There is a lower health risk to us. 29．What does the underlined phrase “this development” refer to? A．The beautiful autumn scenery in people’s life. B．Dr. Diamond’s memories of the autumn before. C．The autumn changes because of climate change. D．Dr. Mann’s advice on stopping carbon emissions. 30．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To call for actions against climate change. B．To describe the beautiful colors of autumn. C．To talk about the effects of autumn changes. D．To explain the research about leaf phenology. 【答案】26．D 27．C 28．B 29．C 30．A 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了气候变化对秋季产生的多方面影响，包括秋季时长增加、树叶变色推迟、秋霜延后导致害虫活跃时间变长等，同时说明减少碳排放可延缓这一趋势，呼吁人们保护秋日美景。 【详解】26．根据文章第一段第二、三句“Green leaves turn into orange, yellow, red and finally brown. This is called ‘leaf phenology’”可知，“叶片物候学”指的是秋季树叶颜色的变化。 27．根据文章第四段第二句“We can also expect later frosts…”可知，气候变化会使秋霜推迟，秋季内霜冻出现的时长缩短，因此推断出秋季的霜冻减少。 28．根据文章第四段第三句“That means pests (害虫) stay active for a longer time in autumn…”可知，秋霜推迟会让害虫在秋季的活跃时间变长。 29．根据文章第五段第一句“If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to delay this development.”，结合前文“However, because of climate change, autumn is changing.”可知，“this development”指代的是气候变化引发的秋季变化。 30．文章先阐述气候变化给秋天带来的负面影响，再指出减少碳排放可缓解相关问题，最后呼吁人们保护秋季美景，由此可知文章的写作目的是呼吁人们采取行动应对气候变化。 A dead satellite becomes a huge piece of space junk. This happens to Internet service satellites when they come back to Earth. And this could be harmful to our atmosphere (大气层) and magnetosphere (磁层), which protect us. Right now, there are about 10,000 active satellites, and most of them can only be used once. Businesses are working as fast as possible to send thousands more into space. They plan to send up about one million satellites in the next thirty to forty years. These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient. But they also create a lot of harmful waste that could cover our planet. The problem is that space can’t clean itself. The magnetosphere protects our atmosphere and keeps us alive. It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. However, this is not the case. Some scientists like me study how space rubbish can hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. Our research shows that rubbish from old satellites can harm our magnetosphere. Old satellites are huge and made of metal and other materials. The Earth is a ball magnet (磁铁) and we are covering it with metal rubbish. This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on Earth. Our magnetosphere is very important, so any pollution of it should be watched and studied. Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution if they can’t show that their pollution will not hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. 31．What is one reason for the increasing number of satellites according to Paragraph 2? A．To discover more planets. B．To watch the changes of the Earth. C．To provide better Internet services. D．To improve communication among countries. 32．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Humans can affect the magnetosphere. B．The magnetosphere can protect space rubbish. C．Few scientists study the magnetosphere. D．The magnetosphere becomes stronger over time. 33．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Old satellites are mainly made of glass and metal. B．Metal rubbish can weaken the Earth’s magnetosphere. C．The magnetosphere makes the Earth a ball magnet. D．The magnetosphere has little influence on life on Earth. 34．What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in the last paragraph? A．Crazy. B．Angry. C．Careful. D．Worried. 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．Stop sending up satellites B．Avoid using metal to make satellites C．Create new reusable satellites D．Be responsible for sending up satellites 【答案】31．C 32．A 33．B 34．C 35．D 【导语】本文主要探讨了废弃卫星产生的太空垃圾对地球大气层和磁层的危害，指出虽然卫星带来便利，但金属垃圾可能削弱保护地球的磁层，呼吁太空企业在发射卫星时应谨慎行事并承担责任。 【详解】31．细节理解题。根据文章第2段“These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient.”可知，卫星数量增加的一个原因是为了提供更好的互联网服务。 32．推理判断题。根据文章第3段“It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. However, this is not the case...Our research shows that rubbish from old satellites can harm our magnetosphere.”可知，人类活动实际上能够影响磁层。 33．细节理解题。根据文章第4段“This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on Earth.”可知，覆盖地球的金属垃圾会削弱地球磁层。 34．词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution”可知，企业应采取行动避免污染，因此太空企业发射新卫星时要小心、慎重，因此该词意为“小心的”，与Careful同义。 35．最佳标题题。纵观全文，文章最后一段提出“Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution”，核心在于呼吁企业对发射卫星负责，避免污染。 E-waste. Electronic waste (e-waste) comes from computers, cameras, phones, fridges, TVs and so on. How much e-waste has been produced? There is too much e-waste on the earth. In the past ten years, 650 Mt of e-waste has been produced. That is as heavy as about 65,000 Eiffel Towers. What can we do with e-waste? E-waste is bad for the environment. Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle. Here are some examples. ◆ Quadloop created solar lanterns with e-waste. ◆ Junichi Kawanishi turned about 85,000 tons of e-waste into medals. ◆ Mixed Reality Lab designed educational toys with e-waste for poor kids. ◆ Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again. 36．In 2022, how much e-waste was produced in the world? A．59.4 Mt. B．53.6 Mt. C．48.2 Mt. D．39.8 Mt. 37．What is the relationship between global e-waste production and the time (2015-2025) according to the text? A． B． C． D． 38．What did Alex Lin do with e-waste? A．He made medals. B．He created lanterns. C．He designed toys. D．He recycled computers. 39．Tom has a broken computer. What are the correct ways to deal with it according to the passage? ① Store it in a big box. ② Donate it to a recycling center. ③ Use it to make a toy robot. ④ Use it to create a small metal blackboard. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 40．Where is the text taken from? A．A magazine. B．A website. C．A poster. D．A newspaper. 【答案】36．A 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了电子垃圾的来源及庞大的产生量，指出了电子垃圾对环境的危害，并列举了通过“减量化、再利用、再循环”处理电子垃圾的具体实例，呼吁人们正确处理电子垃圾。 【详解】36．细节理解题。根据柱状图Global E-waste Production (2015-2025)可知，2022年对应柱状图标注59.4 Mt。 37．推理判断题。根据柱状图Global E-waste Production (2015-2025)可知，电子垃圾产量从2015到2025持续增长，对应上升趋势图B。A为下降线，C为先降后升曲线，D为单峰曲线，均不符合。 38．细节理解题。根据第三段中最后一个例子“Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again.”可知，Alex Lin回收了约150吨坏电脑，使它们能够再次使用，即他回收了电脑。 39．推理判断题。根据第三段“Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle.”及所举例子可知，处理电子垃圾的正确方式是减量化、再利用和再循环。“Donate it to a recycling center”属于再循环，“Use it to make a toy robot”属于再利用，“Use it to create a small metal blackboard”属于再利用，而“Store it in a big box”只是存放，并非正确处理方式。因此②③④正确。 40．推理判断题。文章围绕电子垃圾展开，包含数据统计、环保倡议、具体案例及互动问题，语言通俗且具有科普教育意义，最可能摘自面向大众的杂志。 ①Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12th? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds. Have you ever wondered how? ②A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo (胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. ③Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. ④Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees grow taller upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk grows thicker outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. ⑤As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 41．According to Paragraph 2, what CANNOT a plant embryo be ready to form? A．Roots. B．Flowers. C．Stems. D．First leaves. 42．If a tree trunk grows thicker over time, what will happen to a metal (金属) ring put around the bottom of the trunk (树干) after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 43．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 44．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 45．Which of the following best explains the structure (结构) of the passage? A．Tell stories→List facts→Give a warning B．Ask questions→Explain steps→Share a fact C．List problems→Study reasons→Offer advice D．Share experiences→Show examples→Introduce features 【答案】41．B 42．D 43．B 44．D 45．B 【导语】本文主要围绕“树木如何从微小种子长成大树”展开，介绍了种子胚的作用、种子萌发的过程、树木的生长方式，还补充了世界最高树的相关事实。 【详解】41．细节理解题。根据文章第②段中的“These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves.”可知，植物胚可以发育成根、茎和初叶，无法发育成花。 42．推理判断题。根据文章第④段中的“The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees grow taller upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk grows thicker outwards.”可知，树木从顶部向上长高，因此金属环的高度不会变化；而树干向外生长变粗，所以金属环可能会嵌入树干中。 43．推理判断题。根据文章第③段中的“They start to grow and break out. This is called germination.”可知，萌发指的是种子的胚开始生长、突破种皮的阶段。四幅图中，图A是完整未萌发的种子，图B是种子刚突破种皮、长出幼芽的状态，图C是已有茎和叶片的幼苗，图D是叶片更多的幼苗，因此，图B符合萌发阶段的特征。 44．推理判断题。根据文章内容：①中的“How do trees get water from the soil?”对应第③段中的“First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil.”可知，树木依靠根从土壤中获取水分，可找到答案；②中的“Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time?”对应第④段中的“The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees grow taller upwards from the top.”可找到钉子高度不变的原因；④中的“How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow?”对应第⑤段“Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres!”可知，世界最高树的高度是110多米；因此①②④的问题能在文中找到答案。 45．篇章结构题。文章第①段以两个问题引出“树木如何从种子生长”的核心话题；第②至④段分别介绍了种子胚的功能、种子萌发的步骤、树木的两种生长方式，解释了树木生长的过程；第⑤段分享了世界最高树的趣味事实。全文结构符合“提出问题→解释过程→分享事实”的逻辑。 Human actions are affecting the environment. We will lose more of the natural world if we don’t change. Luckily, more people and organizations are working on conservation (保护) projects. Samson, an African fisherman, has become a voice for the ocean. He and the other fishermen realized they were catching fewer and fewer fish. Working with the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Samson learned they had to fish more carefully. He realized they shouldn’t catch so many young fish because if there are too few of them, there won’t be enough adult fish to reproduce. As he says, “Take your responsibilities and never think that you are alone.” In Florida, the Sea Turtle (海龟) Conservancy (STC) noticed there were always plenty of single-use items, like bottles and drinking straws (吸管), on the beaches. These items can hurt the ocean wildlife terribly. Straws are dangerous for turtles because they can hurt them badly. So the STC started the project “Where are the straws?”. It asks local restaurants to stop giving customers straws with their drinks. Now, restaurants will only give straws if customers ask for them, and they only use paper straws. Those are just two examples of the many conservation efforts around the world today. They both show us that change is possible and that it can start with small actions. We are part of the problem. It’s time to be part of the solution. 46．What was the main problem Samson and the other fishermen faced? A．They didn’t know how to fish. B．They lost their fishing tools. C．The WWF stopped them from fishing. D．They were catching fewer fish. 47．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Young fish. B．Oceans. C．Fishermen. D．Adult fish. 48．What would happen through STC’s efforts? A．More and more tourists would relax on the beaches. B．Customers would buy more drinks from restaurants. C．There would be fewer drinking straws on the beaches. D．More people would come to study sea turtles’ lives. 49．What is the structure of the text? (P=paragraph) A． B． C． D． 50．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Rapid development, Social problems B．Small Actions, Big Changes C．The Work of the WWF and STC D．Ways to Protect Fish and Turtles 【答案】46．D 47．A 48．C 49．D 50．B 【导语】本文主要通过非洲渔民Samson改变捕捞习惯以保护幼鱼以及佛罗里达海龟保护组织推动餐馆减少使用塑料吸管两个具体案例，阐明了微小的行动能够带来巨大改变的深刻道理，呼吁人们积极投身环境保护。 【详解】46．第二段第二句明确指出：“He and the other fishermen realized they were catching fewer and fewer fish.”，说明Samson和其他渔民面临的主要现实困境是他们捕到的鱼越来越少了。 47．第二段倒数第二句提到：“He realized they shouldn’t catch so many young fish because if there are too few of them, there won’t be enough adult fish to reproduce.”，句中前半部分指出渔民不应捕捞过多的幼鱼，because引导的原因状语从句进一步阐释其原因在于如果“它们”数量太少，日后就没有足够的成鱼来繁衍后代；由此根据上下文指代关系推断，画线词“them”指代前文提到的幼鱼。 48．第三段提到海龟保护组织注意到海滩上随处可见的塑料吸管危害海龟生存，因而开展了环保项目并推动餐馆减少吸管供给：“It asks local restaurants to stop giving customers straws with their drinks. Now, restaurants will only give straws if customers ask for them, and they only use paper straws.”，由此可知，通过该组织的努力倡导，海滩上的吸管数量将会明显减少。 49．文章第一段总述人类行为对环境的影响，并引出全球正在开展的环保项目（总）；第二段和第三段分别列举了渔民Samson保护幼鱼以及海龟保护组织治理废弃吸管两个生动的具体实践（分）；第四段首句“Those are just two examples of the many conservation efforts around the world today.”对上述两个事例进行总结概括并升华主题，号召每个人都从小事做起成为解决环境问题的一部分（总）。全文行文呈现出清晰的“总-分-总”结构，D选项准确对应了这一篇章布局。 50．文章开篇引入环保主题，正文详细展现了渔民不捕捞幼鱼以恢复渔业生态、餐馆少发一根吸管以守护海龟两个具体行动，并在尾段点明核心主旨：“They both show us that change is possible and that it can start with small actions.”，高度阐发了哪怕从微小的举措切入也能汇聚成巨大的环保变革。 In September, a famous outdoor clothing brand (品牌) and a special artist worked together. They wanted to create a big art show. They went high up into the Himalayan (喜马拉雅) Mountains. There, on the ‘roof of the world’, they had a fireworks show called ‘Ascending (上升) Dragon’. The idea was to use art to make people think about mountain culture. At first, it sounded like a very cool and exciting plan. However, the show quickly made many people worried and angry. The Himalayas are one of the most beautiful places on Earth, but the environment there is also very fragile. People were afraid that the fireworks would cause serious problems. The smoke from the fireworks could make the clean air dirty. And the toxic (有毒的) materials from fireworks could harm the old glaciers (冰川). What made people more surprised was the brand itself. The company is famous for making clothes for people who love the outdoors. It has always told its customers that it works to protect nature. So, people asked a question: Why did a brand that loves nature support a show that could harm it? The public’s voice was very strong. In less than a day, both the brand and the artist made a public apology (道歉). They said they were sorry for their idea. The ‘Ascending Dragon’ show did not fly high for long. But it started an important conversation all around the world. It taught everyone a lesson. We all love beautiful art, but we must remember to listen to the mountains and protect our planet first. The discussion about how to balance (平衡) art, business, and the environment has only just begun. 51．What was the purpose of holding the “Ascending Dragon” fireworks show? A．To ask people to plan more art shows in mountains. B．To make people think about mountain culture by using art. C．To create the most famous fireworks show in the world. D．To let people know more about the artist. 52．According to the text, the underlined word “fragile” means ______ in Chinese. A．坚固的 B．脆弱的 C．温暖的 D．广阔的 53．What surprised people about the plan for the show? A．That the brand behind the fireworks show is famous for protecting nature. B．That the artist wanted to have a show in the mountains. C．That the show was going to be very big. D．That the show used a lot of fireworks. 54．When the public’s voice was very strong, what did they do? A．The show went on but it was much smaller. B．The brand and artist quickly made a public apology. C．The brand decided to make different clothes. D．They continued holding the fireworks show and improved it. 55．What lesson does the writer say people can learn from this story? A．People should stop creating any art to protect the environment. B．Outdoor clothing brands should not make art. C．People should not travel to the Himalayan Mountains. D．It is more important to protect nature than to create art. 【答案】51．B 52．B 53．A 54．B 55．D 【导语】本文讲述一个户外服装品牌和艺术家在喜马拉雅山举办名为“升龙”的烟花艺术展，该活动因会破坏当地脆弱环境遭到公众批评，品牌和艺术家公开道歉，这件事引发大家思考艺术、商业与环境保护之间的平衡。 【详解】51．原文第一段“The idea was to use art to make people think about mountain culture.”，这句话点明这场烟花秀的目的是借助艺术让人们思考山地文化。 52．原文第二段“People were afraid that the fireworks would cause serious problems. The smoke from the fireworks could make the clean air dirty. And the toxic materials from fireworks could harm the old glaciers.”，后文提到烟花会污染空气、伤害冰川，说明喜马拉雅的环境很容易被破坏，fragile含义是脆弱的。 53．原文第三段“What made people more surprised was the brand itself. The company is famous for making clothes for people who love the outdoors. It has always told its customers that it works to protect nature.”，这个品牌一向以保护自然为理念，却支持可能伤害自然的活动，这点让人们感到惊讶。 54．原文第三段“The public’s voice was very strong. In less than a day, both the brand and the artist made a public apology.”，在公众强烈反对之后，该品牌和艺术家很快进行了公开道歉。 55．原文第四段“We all love beautiful art, but we must remember to listen to the mountains and protect our planet first.”，这句话告诉我们，相比创作艺术，保护大自然更为重要。 ① Black holes are one of the most mysterious objects in space. They are called “black” because they do not give off any light. They are called “holes” because anything that gets too close, even light, cannot escape. ② Black holes are formed when a very large star dies. The star runs out of fuel and collapses under its own gravity. The gravity becomes so strong that it pulls everything around it into a tiny point. This point is called a singularity. ③ Even though black holes are invisible, scientists can find them by looking at the things around them. If a black hole is near a star, it can pull gas from the star. This gas gets very hot and gives off X-rays before it disappears into the black hole. By detecting these X-rays, scientists can “see” where the black hole is. ④ Black holes come in different sizes. Some are small, only a few times heavier than the Sun. Others are supermassive, millions or even billions of times heavier than the Sun. Supermassive black holes are usually found at the center of galaxies, including our own Milky Way. ⑤ In 2019, scientists showed the first picture of a black hole. The picture was made by a group of telescopes around the world working together. It was a big step in space science. ⑥ Studying black holes helps us understand how the universe works. They are like the engines of galaxies. Some scientists think that black holes might even be connected to other parts of the universe, but this is still a mystery. 56．Why are they called “black” holes? A．They are dark in color. B．They give off no light. C．They are made of black rock. D．They are invisible to eyes. 57．How are black holes formed? A．When a large star collapses. B．When a planet explodes. C．When a comet hits the Sun. D．When a meteor lands. 58．How do scientists find black holes? A．By taking pictures with a normal camera. B．By detecting X-rays from hot gas. C．By sending spacecraft to them. D．By looking at the stars around them. 59．Where are supermassive black holes usually found? A．In the solar system. B．At the center of galaxies. C．On the Moon. D．In the asteroid belt. 60．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to travel to a black hole. B．The mystery of black holes. C．The first picture of a black hole. D．How stars are born. 【答案】56．B 57．A 58．B 59．B 60．B 【导语】本文围绕宇宙中的神秘天体黑洞展开，依次介绍了黑洞名称的由来、形成过程、探测方式、尺寸分类、首张黑洞照片的发布以及研究黑洞的意义。 【详解】56．根据第一段“They are called ‘black’ because they do not give off any light.”可知，是因为它们不发出任何光。对应B选项“They give off no light.”。 57．根据第二段“Black holes are formed when a very large star dies. The star runs out of fuel and collapses under its own gravity.”可知，黑洞由大质量恒星死亡后在自身引力下坍缩形成，对应A“When a star collapses.”。 58．根据第三段“If a black hole is near a star, it can pull gas from the star. This gas gets very hot and gives off X-rays before it disappears into the black hole. By detecting these X-rays, scientists can ‘see’ where the black hole is.”可知，黑洞会从附近恒星拉扯气体，这些气体升温后会释放X射线，科学家通过探测这些X射线确定黑洞位置，对应B选项“By detecting X-rays from hot gas.”。 59．根据第四段“Super massive black holes are usually found at the center of galaxies, including our own Milky Way.”可知，超大质量黑洞通常位于星系的中心，包括我们所在的银河系。对应B选项“At the center of galaxies.”。 60．根据全文可知，文章围绕黑洞的形成、发现、分类及研究展开，主要讲黑洞的神秘，对应B选项“The mystery of black holes.”。 Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean, harming sea life. To solve this problem, a team of young scientists from a university in Qingdao has developed a special “plastic-eating” enzyme that can break down plastic bottles into harmless substances within 48 hours. This breakthrough offers new hope for dealing with plastic pollution. On November 15, 2025, their research was published in Nature, a world-famous science journal. The enzyme, named PETase-2, works by targeting the chemical bonds in plastic. When it touches a plastic surface, it starts cutting the long chains into small pieces that bacteria can easily digest. The whole process needs only warm water and no harmful chemicals. ________ They first studied how certain insects break down natural materials like leaves. Then they used computer programs to design a new enzyme that could do the same to plastic. After hundreds of failed attempts, they finally succeeded by changing just three amino acids in the original enzyme. This small change made it 10 times more powerful than before. The team is now working with a local factory to test the enzyme on a larger scale. If everything goes well, it could be used in recycling centers across the country by 2027. However, there are still challenges. The enzyme only works on certain types of plastic, and producing it in large amounts is still expensive. But the scientists believe these problems can be solved with more research. 61．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By showing a problem. 62．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The enzyme. B．The plastic bottle. C．The chemical bond. D．The bacteria. 63．Which sentence can be put in “_______” in Paragraph 3? A．Many countries have already started using this enzyme. B．So how did the scientists create this powerful enzyme? C．The factory also provided money for the research. D．The original enzyme was completely useless. 64．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．PETase-2 can break down all types of plastic immediately. B．The enzyme works only with harmful chemicals. C．The research result was published in an international journal. D．The enzyme is already being used in recycling centers nationwide. 65．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．How plastic waste harms sea animals in detail. B．Why the original enzyme was not powerful enough. C．What challenges still need to be solved before large-scale use. D．How bacteria digest small pieces of plastic. 【答案】61．D 62．A 63．B 64．C 65．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍青岛科研团队研发出可降解塑料的PETase-2酶，介绍了这种酶的作用原理、研发过程以及目前面临的难题。 【详解】61．文章开头是“Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean, harming sea life. To solve this problem…”， 作者开篇先摆出海洋塑料污染这一难题，以此引出PETase-2这种新型酶的话题，属于通过展示问题引入主题。 62．代词“it”前后文是：“The enzyme, named PETase-2, works by targeting the chemical bonds in plastic. When it touches a plastic surface…”，这句话的意思是“这种名为PETase‑2的酶，通过作用于塑料中的化学键发挥功效。当它接触塑料表面时……”，可知代词it指代前文提到的名词“the enzyme（PETase-2）”。 63．空格后详细讲述科学家研发酶的步骤，B项“科学家是如何创造这种强力酶的？”可作为本段中心句。 64．第二段提到“On November 15, 2025, their research was published in Nature, a world-famous science journal”，可知Nature是国际知名科学期刊，所以他们的研究发表在国际期刊上。 65．第四段末尾提到“However, there are still challenges…But the scientists believe these problems can be solved with more research”，此处提到酶大规模应用还有难题，按照行文逻辑，下文大概率继续介绍大规模使用前仍待解决的挑战。 ①You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it’s not a package. It’s the amazing coconut (椰子) ! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them. ②One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel (燃料) . It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. ③Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks (外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with dry soil helps the soil to hold onto more of the water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. ④The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That’s why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3000 of these “coconut postcards”. ⑤Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They require only sun and proper rain. No special care is needed. Every year, more than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced. It is not surprising, then, that people want to find so many uses for the coconut. 66．Why is the coconut different from most other fruits? A．Stamps can be put on it. B．Every part of it is useful. C．People send it in a package. D．Addresses can be written on it. 67．What does the underlined word “power” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Make room for. B．Add value to. C．Provide energy for. D．Put weight on. 68．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To advise people to protect coconuts. B．To ask people to grow more coconuts. C．To show the value and uses of coconuts. D．To introduce a fuel made from coconuts. 69．In which part of a magazine could we read the text? A．Story Time. B．History World. C．Sports News. D．Amazing Nature. 70．Which is the structure of this text? A． B． C． D． 【答案】66．B 67．C 68．C 69．D 70．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了椰子与其他水果的不同之处(全身都有用)，并从能源、土壤改良、包装等方面阐述椰子的多种用途，展现其价值。 【详解】66．根据第一段中“The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful.”可知，椰子和大多数其他水果不同是因为它的每一部分都有用。 67．根据第二段中“Coconut oil has already been made into fuel. It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more.”可知，椰子油被制成燃料，能为汽车、卡车、船只等提供动力，所以“power”意为“为……提供能量”。 68．文章先点明椰子全身有用的特点，接着从能源、土壤改良、包装等方面介绍椰子的多种用途，最后说明椰子易种植、产量高，人们不断挖掘它的各类用途，整体目的是展示椰子的价值和用途。 69．文章围绕椰子这种自然产物的特性与用途展开，属于自然相关内容，所以能在杂志的“Amazing Nature”板块读到。 70．文章结构为“总—分—总”：第①段总述椰子全身有用，引出下文要介绍的多种用途；第②③④段分别从能源利用、椰壳的水土保持与替代塑料作用、椰壳作为天然包装的功能三个维度，并列介绍椰子的不同用途；第⑤段总结椰子种植条件简单、产量高，因此人们不断挖掘它的各类用途，对全文内容进行收尾总结。对应选项D的结构图示。 Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas (沼气) is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from materials that grow It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels. 71．What is biogas made from? A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae. D．Animals and food. 72．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel? A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen. D．Oil. 73．What is the attitude (态度) of the writer to the new fuels? A．Uninterested. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 74．Where could the passage be from? A．Travel guidebook. B．Environment magazine. C．A movie poster. D．A history book. 75．Which is the best structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． 【答案】71．B 72．C 73．D 74．B 75．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了沼气、生物燃料和氢能等新型燃料的来源、特点及应用，并表达了作者对未来清洁能源发展的积极态度。 【详解】71．根据第二段第一句“Biogas is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria.”可知，沼气由植物或天然废物制成。 72．根据第四段第一句“The cleanest fuel is hydrogen.”可知，最清洁的燃料是氢。 73．根据最后一段“But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels.”可知，作者对新型燃料持支持态度。 74．全文围绕新型环保燃料展开，属于环境科学类话题，最可能来自环境杂志。 75．文章结构为：第一段总起（①），第二至四段分别介绍三种燃料（②③④），第五段总结展望（⑤），故选C（①/②③④/⑤）。 Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 76．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. 77．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Choose sustainable materials. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. 78．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Having a bright future. 79．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s difficult to develop AI. 80．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. 【答案】76．A 77．B 78．C 79．A 80．C 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍AI在可持续建筑领域的应用前景，包括优化材料使用、提升能源效率、辅助建筑设计等方面。 【详解】76．由第一段中“38%”“55%”“33%”等具体数字可知，作者通过列举数据来支撑观点，故A项“列数字”正确。 77．由第二段“AI helps architects work with new tools and sustainable materials”可知，AI帮助建筑师使用可持续材料，B项“选择可持续材料”正确。 78．由第三段“AI has become a promising tool”及后文“help to make full use of building systems”可知，AI前景光明，故promising指的是“有光明前景”，与“having a bright future”同义。 79．由末段“it still requires smart and ethical human beings to lead its work”可知，作者认为人类有责任引导AI，A项正确。B“人类未来依赖AI”、C“发展AI困难”均未提及。 80．全文围绕AI在可持续建筑中的应用展开，C项“AI帮助可持续建筑”准确概括主旨。 You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it’s not a package (包裹). It’s the amazing coconut (椰子)! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them. One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel (燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks (外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with dry soil (土壤) helps the soil to hold onto more of the water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That’s why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3,000 of these “coconut postcards”. Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They require only sun and proper rain. No special care is needed. Every year, more than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced. It is not surprising, then, that people want to find so many uses for the coconut. 81．Why is the coconut different from most other fruits? A．Stamps can be put on it. B．Every part of it is useful. C．People send it in a package. 82．What does the underlined word “power” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Make room for. B．Add value to. C．Provide energy for. 83．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the passage? A．History World. B．Sports News. C．Amazing Nature. 84．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise people to protect coconuts. B．To ask people to grow more coconuts. C．To show the value and uses of coconuts. 85．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1   ②=Paragraph 2...) A． B． C． D． 【答案】81．B 82．C 83．C 84．C 85．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍椰子不同于大多数水果，全身皆有用处，分别介绍椰子在能源、农业、邮寄载体等方面的多种用途，展现椰子极高的利用价值。 【详解】81．根据第一段“The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful.”可知，文章明确提到椰子和其他大多数水果的不同之处在于它的每一部分都有用。 82．根据第二段“Coconut oil has already been made into fuel (燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more.”可知，椰子油已经被制成燃料，既然是燃料，就能够为汽车、卡车、轮船等提供动力，因此power在这里表示“为……提供能量（动力）”，即provide energy for。 83．本文围绕自然界的椰子展开，介绍了椰子的多种奇妙用途，不属于历史、体育范畴，最可能出现在杂志的“神奇自然”板块，对应选项C。 84．通读全文，文章开篇点明椰子各部分都有用，随后分段介绍椰子的不同用途，核心目的是向读者展示椰子的价值与用途，对应选项C。 85．分析文章结构，第一段①引入主题，总述椰子有多种用途；第二段②、第三段③、第四段④分别介绍椰子的不同用途，为分述；第五段⑤总结全文，说明椰子易种植、产量高，因此用途广泛，为总结，整体为总-分-总结构，对应选项B的结构。 A new study suggests that roosters can recognize themselves in a mirror (镜子). Scientists use the “mark test” to test whether an animal can recognize itself. A mark is put on an animal, usually in a place that can only be seen in a mirror. Then the animal is allowed to look in a mirror. If the animal seems to pay attention to the mark, scientists believe the animal has recognized itself. The list of animals who can recognize themselves in a mirror isn’t long. The skill has mainly been found in animals with large brains, like dolphins, chimpanzees and elephants. Until recently, only one kind of bird had passed the test. Scientists at the University of Bonn in Germany recently ran the mark test on roosters. They put a pink triangle (三角形) on the chests of the roosters. But when the roosters looked in a mirror, they didn’t seem to notice the mark. The scientists then needed a different way to test whether the roosters could recognize themselves. When there’s danger—like a hawk (鹰) flying above—roosters make loud calls to warn nearby chickens. But roosters only make the cries if other chickens can hear them. If they’re alone, they remain quiet so the hawk won’t see them. The scientists realized that they could use the shadow (影子) of a hawk to test whether or not the roosters thought they were alone— even when they could see “another” chicken in a mirror. First, the scientists let the roosters spend time getting used to being in a closed-in space and having a mirror around. Then, they ran several tests by making a hawk shadow appear above a rooster and watching how it reacted (反应). When there was no mirror, the roosters reacted as usual. It called out when it was near another rooster, but remained quiet when it was alone. But when a rooster was in a space where it could see itself in the mirror, it wasn’t fooled into thinking there was another rooster. It remained silent under the hawk shadow. It did this even if there was a rooster hidden behind the mirror. The scientists say the results show that the roosters knew they were seeing themselves in the mirror, and not other roosters. 86．What is the purpose of the “mark test”? A．To find out if an animal can recognize itself. B．To test if an animal can mark itself with a mirror. C．To see if an animal can see the mark in the mirror. D．To check if an animal with a large brain is cleverer than others. 87．Why did the scientists change their test method? A．Roosters have passed the mark test easily. B．The hawk shadow test was easier to prepare. C．The mark test can’t be used on birds at all. D．The mark test didn’t work well on roosters. 88．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Hawks. B．Chickens. C．Roosters. D．Scientists. 89．What proved that roosters can recognize themselves in a mirror? A．The mark test. B．The hawk shadow test. C．The reaction of hawks. D．The test result of other birds. 90．What can we infer from the passage? A．Roosters prefer to make no sounds when they face danger alone. B．Roosters are not as smart as dolphins, chimpanzees and elephants. C．The mark test can exactly tell if an animal can recognize itself in the mirror. D．When seeing its image in the mirror, the rooster thinks there’s another rooster. 【答案】86．A 87．D 88．C 89．B 90．A 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍科学家先使用标记测试检验动物自我识别能力，公鸡无法通过该测试，于是科学家利用鹰的影子设计新实验，最终证明公鸡能够认出镜子里的自己。 【详解】86．根据第二段“Scientists use the ‘mark test’ to test whether an animal can recognize itself.”可知，标记测试的目的是检验动物是否能认出自身。 87．根据第四段与第五段“But when the roosters looked in a mirror, they didn’t seem to notice the mark. The scientists then needed a different way to test whether the roosters could recognize themselves.”可知，公鸡在标记测试中没有反应，该测试对公鸡无效，因此科学家更换了测试方法 88．根据第六段“When there’s danger—like a hawk flying above—the roosters make loud calls to warn nearby chickens. But roosters only make the cries if other chickens can hear them. If they’re alone, they remain quiet so the hawk won’t see them.”可知，公鸡独处时会保持安静，避免鹰发现自己，此处代词them指代前文的roosters。 89．根据第七段与最后一段“The scientists realized that they could use the shadow of a hawk to test whether or not the roosters thought they were alone...The scientists say the results show that the roosters knew they were seeing themselves in the mirror, and not other roosters.”可知，鹰影子对照实验的结果证明公鸡可以在镜子中认出自己，标记测试对公鸡无效。 90．根据第六段“If they’re alone, they remain quiet so the hawk won’t see them.”可推断，公鸡独自面对危险时不会发出叫声。 So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see , China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites , we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 91．In China , space scientists get ideas from ________  when naming satellites. ①old stories   ②traditional projects    ③ancient famous people     ④popular inventions A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．①④ 92．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result 93．Which is the right structure of the passage?  (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 94．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. 95．In which section of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Public Service B．Science World C．Green Lifestyle D．Healthy Life 【答案】91．B 92．C 93．A 94．A 95．B 【导语】本文开篇总述中国航天器命名灵感源自古老传说与古代名人，第二段举嫦娥、玉兔、夸父项目(古老传说)，第三段举墨子号(古代名人)作为例证，尾段总结传统文化对现代航天科技的深远影响。 【详解】91．根据原文第1段“Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”，灵感来源是①old stories、③ancient famous people，对应B选项。 92．第3段以古代科学家墨子和墨子号量子卫星为例展开论述，写作手法是举例子(By giving an example)。 93．文章结构：①总起段；②、③分述两类命名灵感；⑤总结段，总分总结构，对应A图示。 94．根据尾段“we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.”，作者写作目的是说明中国传统文化如何影响航天科学。 95．文章围绕航天、卫星、量子科技展开，属于报纸“科学天地”板块。 Many schools have started projects to make changes to their school grounds in order to make better use of them. The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences. The most common practice of the schools is planting more trees around the playground. Trees provide cooler spaces in summer. They also bring birds and insects. Students, therefore, would like to go to the playground more often. And they become more connected to nature. Some schools even set up reading areas under these trees. Students can listen to birds singing while reading there. ▲ For example, they turn some of the school grounds into vegetable fields or fruit gardens. The students work in teams and learn how to grow vegetables or fruits. In this way, they get hands-on learning experience. At harvest (收获) time, they share what they get from the fields and gardens, and they also harvest the joy of labor and cooperation. These reshaping projects make school grounds more popular with students. The reason behind the success is that students are included. After all, they are the users of the grounds. In many cases, designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on. When the project is completed, the students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future. 96．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The results of the projects. B．The importance of learning. C．The benefits of play space. D．The history of some schools. 97．What happens with more trees around the playground according to Paragraph 2? A．Students grow more fruits. B．The school turns cleaner. C．Students get closer to nature. D．The school raises more money. 98．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．Some schools refuse to change. B．The changes make schools bigger. C．The changes make teachers happier. D．Some schools explore other possibilities. 99．Why are the projects successful? A．Schools have strict rules. B．Students’ opinions are valued. C．Parents’ support is provided. D．Teachers give clear instructions. 100．What do the underlined words “feed back on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Say goodbye to. B．Give advice on. C．Look down upon. D．Keep away from. 【答案】96．A 97．C 98．D 99．B 100．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了许多学校为了更有效地利用校园场地而进行的改造项目。文章列举了种植树木、开辟菜园等具体措施，并指出这些项目成功的关键在于让学生参与其中，尊重他们的意见和反馈。 【详解】96．第一段主要讲述了学校改造项目的成果：“The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences.”。因此，该段主要讲的是项目的结果（The results of the projects）。 97．第二段明确指出：“And they become more connected to nature.”，说明操场周围种更多树后，学生与自然更加亲近了。A项是第三段的内容；B、D项文中未提及。 98．第三段开头需要一个过渡句，引出下文关于将校园变成菜地或果园的例子。A项“拒绝改变”与文意相反；B项“使学校变大”文中未提及；C项“让老师更开心”非重点；D项“Some schools explore other possibilities.”（一些学校探索其他可能性）最能承上启下，因为前一段讲的是种树，这一段讲的是种菜/果，属于另一种可能性的探索。 99．最后一段明确指出：“The reason behind the success is that students are included. ... designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on.”，说明项目成功的原因是学生的意见受到了重视（Students’ opinions are valued）。 100．最后一段末尾提到：“...students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future.”，目的是让项目在未来得到进一步改进，因此“feed back on”意为“提出建议/反馈”，即Give advice on。 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 期中复盘・说明文阅读提分训练（人教版英语九年级上册）原卷版 CD篇攻坚・同源变式 《期中复盘・说明文阅读提分训练（人教版英语九年级上册）》紧扣九年级期中后 C/D 篇攻坚需求，精选 20 篇科普说明文、100 道题，按 “同源变式” 精练编排。选材覆盖航天与前沿科技（中国空间站小鼠实验、卫星寿命与太空垃圾、磁层污染、黑洞）、地球与生态（深海探索、海洋保护、塑料降解酶、电子垃圾）、环境与气候（噪音危害、秋色变长与气候变化、古树移栽、生物燃料与沼气）、动植物与生活（树的一生、椰子的多种用途）以及社会责任（户外品牌环保争议）等多元语篇。题型系统落实细节理解、数据与实验结论提取、写作手法判断、段落主旨、篇章结构图、词义猜测、推断与最佳标题归纳能力，重点训练学生在长难句与抽象概念语篇中定位证据、比对选项、排除干扰，适合期中后专项提升、周测训练与中考前置备考。 阅读理解 （1） China’s Space Mice: Tiny Astronauts on a Big Mission China has sent four special mice to the Tiangong Space Station, marking its first experiment with small mammals (哺乳动物) in space. The journey began with 300 mice. Scientists spent 60 days choosing the best ones. The mice had to pass many tests. For example, they needed to stay on a turning rod for more than 110 seconds to show they were strong. This is important for fighting space sickness. They even had to find their way through mazes to show how well they could remember places. Only 48 mice made it. Finally, two male and two female mice were chosen. These black mice have very similar genes (基因) because they come from a special group. This helps scientists get more exact results from the experiments. Their space home was made just for them. It has a controlled temperature, enough food and water, and a system to clean waste, just like they would have in nature. In space, astronauts moved the mice into a special research box. This box was brought to the station earlier by the Tianzhou-9 cargo spacecraft. Scientists on Earth will watch the mice through cameras. They want to learn how living without gravity (引力) and in a small space influences the mice. They will study how the mice move, eat and sleep. Another interesting experiment will look at how space changes tiny things inside their bodies. This mission is very important because it is a “from 0 to 1” breakthrough. It tests if China can safely send mammals to space, care for them, and bring them back. Mice are good for space research because their bodies are similar to humans in many ways. What we learn from them will help keep astronauts safe on long space trips. It will also support China’s plans to send people to the moon before 2030 and to Mars one day. After their space adventure, scientists will study them carefully. Like human astronauts, these brave little mice are helping humans get ready to explore deeper into space. 1．How many mice took part in the selection tests for the space mission? A．48. B．60. C．300. 2．Which picture best describes the word “mazes” in Paragraph 2? A． B． C． 3．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to? A．The research box. B．The turning rod. C．The space home. 4．What can we know about the four mice from the text? A．They will help to prepare for future human space missions. B．They have the same genes and are the first mammals in space. C．They passed all tests easily and their home is exactly like Earth. 5．Why is the mouse experiment called a “from 0 to 1” breakthrough? A．Because it is China’s first time to send mice to the space station. B．Because it is China’s first time to use cameras to watch animals in space. C．Because it is China’s first time to send mammals to space and bring them back safely. （2） Oceans cover about 71 percent of the Earth’s surface, but there’s still a lot we don’t know about them. Only about 20 percent of the seafloor has been mapped, and the remaining 80 percent is still a secret to us. Some scientists even think that 91 percent of sea animals haven’t been discovered yet. So why do we know so little about the deep sea? Well, getting to those depths is very difficult and requires high technology that simply didn’t come into being for most of human history. The first navigable submarine (可驾驶的潜水艇), for example, was built in 1620, and it couldn’t go more than five meters below the surface. In fact, for a long time many scientists didn’t even think that there could be any life at depths greater than 550 meters and didn’t see much need to explore the deep sea. However, this changed in 1862 when life was discovered as far down as 945 meters below sea level with the help of a digging machine. Ten years later, around 4,700 species (物种) unknown before from the ocean floor were discovered. Since then, high technology has been developed to help explore the deep sea, including satellites. But why is deep-sea exploration still so difficult? Well, at greater depths, it is freezing (极冷的), everything is completely dark, and the pressure can be over 1,000 times greater than that on the surface. Facing many difficulties, it’s still important for us to explore and understand the seas. They help control the Earth’s temperature and produce half of the oxygen (氧气) in the air. They can also provide us with information about climate change. Our future depends on learning more about our oceans, and it is possible for us to really understand what is ongoing below the surface. 6．Why are some numbers listed in Paragraph 1? A．To introduce how important oceans are. B．To discuss why sea animals haven’t been found out. C．To explain that oceans cover a large area of the Earth. D．To show that we have only a little understanding of oceans. 7．What does the underlined word “mapped” mean? A．Marked out. B．Looked for. C．Speeded up. D．Cut up. 8．What made scientists change their minds about the deep sea? A．The first navigable submarine was built in 1620. B．Life was found much deeper than they had thought. C．A digging machine mapped 80 percent of the seafloor. D．About 4,700 new land species were discovered in ten years. 9．What can we infer from the text? A．The seafloor will be fully mapped in the near future. B．More sea animals will be discovered with better technology. C．People will stop exploring the deep sea because of the difficulties. D．The deep sea becomes warmer at greater depths. 10．What is the main idea of the text? A．Satellites are widely used in ocean exploration. B．The environment in the deep sea is terrible. C．Deep-sea exploration is difficult but important for humans. D．Lots of unknown sea animals are waiting to be discovered. （3） Noise is far more than just something annoying. Many experts warn that if people stay in a noisy environment for a long time, their health will be badly influenced, especially their hearts and sleep. A recent talk by scientist Mathias Basner highlighted (突出强调) that noise increases the risk of high blood pressure, heart problems and stroke. It also breaks people’s sleep quietly, even if you don’t realize it. These effects often go unnoticed, but they have become a serious public health problem worldwide. Basner explained that noise is described as unwanted sound. For example, a rock concert may be enjoyable for the listeners, but for someone living nearby, the same music becomes stressful noise. Such stress pushes bodies to produce special hormones (激素) like adrenaline and cortisol, which can stiffen (硬化) blood vessels over time. Studies show that people living near busy roads or airports are more likely to have heart diseases. Besides, noise during the night can wake you up for a short time without your awareness. As a result, you will feel tired and less focused in the daytime. The good news is that you can take simple steps to protect yourself. If a place is too loud, speak up or even leave. Before buying a house, visit it at different hours to check noise levels. You can also move your bedroom to a quieter side of the house, use noise-canceling earphones and avoid noisy areas on weekends. At the same time, experts hope governments will make stricter noise rules. As Basner noted, reducing noise by just five decibels (分贝) can save plenty of money on medical care. Reducing noise helps everyone enjoy better sleep and healthier hearts. 11．Why does the writer mention Mathias Basner’s talk in paragraph 1? A．To compare different kinds of illnesses. B．To tell readers how to stay away from noise. C．To introduce how the scientist gives a speech. D．To show noise pollution is harmful to people’s health. 12．What does the underlined word “awareness” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Power. B．Notice. C．Courage. D．Doubt. 13．What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A．Where people can find noisy places. B．How hormones keep our blood vessels strong. C．How noise creates stress and harms our bodies. D．Why rock concerts are popular among young people. 14．What can we probably infer from the text? A．Rock concerts are always harmful to all people. B．Moving houses is the only way to avoid noise. C．People can easily feel the harm of noise right away. D．We can take action to cut down noise in our daily life. 15．What may people do after reading the text? A．Reduce the noise problems in life. B．Take more exercise. C．Solve all kinds of health problems. D．Learn to relax when busy. （4） ①Like every other machine, satellites do not last forever. Whether they observe the weather, measure greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (大气), or study the stars far from Earth, they will all grow old, wear out and die one day, just like old washing machines and vacuum cleaners. When a satellite’s time has finally come, how do people deal with it? In fact, there are two different ways, and the choice depends mainly on how high the satellite is flying. ②For satellites in lower orbits (轨道), engineers usually use the last bit of fuel to slow them down. As a result, they fall out of orbit and burn up in the atmosphere. For smaller satellites, this process is quite simple: the heat produced by air friction (空气阻力) burns them up completely as they rush toward Earth at thousands of miles per hour. ③However, bigger objects like space stations and large spacecraft may not burn up completely before reaching the ground. To solve this problem, operators carefully plan a safe final path for them so that any remaining debris (剩余碎片) falls into a remote area in the middle of the Pacific Ocean—the farthest place from human civilization. This special and lonely area has a special name: the Spacecraft Cemetery. ④What about satellites in very high orbits? For these, the situation is quite different. Slowing down enough to fall back to Earth takes a great deal of fuel, so it is actually cheaper and easier to push them farther into space instead. These satellites are sent into a “graveyard orbit”, about 200 miles beyond the farthest active satellites and 22,400 miles above Earth. ⑤So is that the end of it for these far-away satellites? For us, perhaps yes. However, these far-away satellites will stay in orbit for a very long time. Maybe one day in the near future, humans will need to send “space garbage (太空垃圾) trucks” to clean them up. Until then, at least, they are safely out of the way. 16．What decides the way people deal with useless satellites? A．Their size. B．Their function. C．Their working time. D．Their flying height. 17．What happens to large low-orbit satellites at last? A．They stay in orbit all the time. B．They are pushed into farther space. C．They fall into the Pacific Ocean. D．They burn up fully in the atmosphere. 18．What can we know from paragraph 4? A．Satellites in graveyard orbit still work well. B．Graveyard orbit is away from active satellites. C．High-orbit satellites need little fuel to go back. D．It costs less to bring high satellites back to Earth. 19．What’s the structure of the text? A． B． C． D． 20．What will people probably focus on in the near future? A．Inventing tools to clear space rubbish. B．Building new satellites for space research. C．Improving satellites to work much longer. D．Studying orbits for closer weather satellites. （5） In the new town square near the Pinglu Canal (运河) in Lingshan County, there stands a tall camphor tree (樟树) with a history of nearly 220 years. Every evening, local villagers sit under its green leaves to chat and enjoy the cool wind. “The old tree is like our family member. It has grown up with us,” said a villager named Ling Changhe. When workers built the Pinglu Canal, people once faced a difficult choice. At first, the project team planned to move the old tree to a city park. However, villagers didn’t want it to be moved away. After listening to people’s voices, the team worked with the local government to think of a better plan. Finally, they decided to transplant the old tree to the new town square, so it could stay with the villagers. As an old saying goes, trees may easily die after being moved. Old trees are just like elderly people. Moving them may greatly affect their growth. Before the transplanting, workers carefully treated the tree’s roots and watched its condition for months. They did not move it until new roots and fresh buds (芽) grew out. On the moving day, workers used 2 large machines to lift the tree. It was 12.3 metres tall and weighed over 50 tons. They kept working from early morning till daybreak the next day. Special experts gave guidance all the time. They made strict rules to protect old trees and the local environment. So far, 36 old trees have been successfully transplanted. All trees older than 80 years are well protected. Every old tree has its own growth record, and workers will keep checking it for five years. 21．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 show? A．The tree is as old as the villagers. B．Villagers have deep love for the tree. C．Villagers stay with the tree every day. D．The tree needs good care from people. 22．When did workers move the old tree? A．After they cut down other trees nearby. B．After they finished building the canal. C．After new roots and fresh buds grew out. D．As soon as villagers agreed to the plan. 23．Why does the writer use the numbers in Paragraph 5? A．To tell us how long the whole job took. B．To explain how old the camphor tree was. C．To introduce the machines for moving the tree. D．To show the tree was huge and moving it was hard. 24．Which is the correct order of the events? ① Make rules to protect old trees.  ② Move the tree to the new square with machines. ③ Plan to move the tree to a city park.  ④ Decide to transplant the tree to the nearby new square. A．③ → ④ → ② → ① B．③ → ② → ④ → ① C．④ → ③ → ② → ① D．④ → ③ → ① → ② 25．What is the writer’s purpose of writing this passage? A．To describe the size of the old tree. B．To invite readers to enjoy the old tree. C．To show the efforts in protecting old trees. D．To introduce different ways to transplant old trees. （6） One of the best parts of autumn is its beautiful colors. Green leaves turn into orange, yellow, red and finally brown. This is called “leaf phenology” (叶片物候学). Many people look forward to it every year. However, because of climate change, autumn is changing. According to a study that came out earlier this year, autumn time is growing longer. It is taking longer for leaves to change their colors. And this is not the only way that climate change is ruining (毁坏) the season. “Trees are holding onto their leaves longer,” explained Dr. Diamond, a climate scientist. “In my own neighborhood, I can remember that the leaves would drop a lot sooner 20 years ago than they do now. This is a personal experience, but research actually supports what we’ re seeing.” Climate change isn’t just causing the leaves to change later. We can also expect later frosts (霜), Dr. Mann said. “That means pests (害虫) stay active for a longer time in autumn and it’s a greater health risk to us.” If there is any good news at all, though, we may be able to delay (延缓) this development. If we reduce carbon emissions (减少碳排放) , they could still stop the worst effects (影响) of climate change. “A new study says that surface warming will possibly stop after carbon emissions reach zero,” Mann noted in Live Science recently. Autumn is such a wonderful season — whether it’s the golden leaves covering the grasslands in North China or the ginkgo trees (银杏树) dropping their yellow leaves in our schoolyard, it’s a gift we should keep. The beautiful autumn we protect today may be the sweet memory we will hold tomorrow. 26．What is “leaf phenology” according to the passage? A．The fall of leaves in winter. B．The protection of leaves in summer. C．The growth of leaves in spring. D．The change of leaf colors in autumn. 27．Which is the effect of climate change on autumn? A．Autumn is becoming shorter. B．Leaves are changing their colors sooner. C．There is less frost in autumn. D．We have sweet memory about autumn. 28．What is the result of later frosts? A．There are fewer pests in autumn. B．Pests stay active for a longer time. C．Leaves are changing their colors earlier. D．There is a lower health risk to us. 29．What does the underlined phrase “this development” refer to? A．The beautiful autumn scenery in people’s life. B．Dr. Diamond’s memories of the autumn before. C．The autumn changes because of climate change. D．Dr. Mann’s advice on stopping carbon emissions. 30．What’s the purpose of the passage? A．To call for actions against climate change. B．To describe the beautiful colors of autumn. C．To talk about the effects of autumn changes. D．To explain the research about leaf phenology. （7） A dead satellite becomes a huge piece of space junk. This happens to Internet service satellites when they come back to Earth. And this could be harmful to our atmosphere (大气层) and magnetosphere (磁层), which protect us. Right now, there are about 10,000 active satellites, and most of them can only be used once. Businesses are working as fast as possible to send thousands more into space. They plan to send up about one million satellites in the next thirty to forty years. These satellites help provide better Internet services and can make our lives more and more convenient. But they also create a lot of harmful waste that could cover our planet. The problem is that space can’t clean itself. The magnetosphere protects our atmosphere and keeps us alive. It is easy to think that the magnetosphere is too strong for humans to have any influence on it. However, this is not the case. Some scientists like me study how space rubbish can hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. Our research shows that rubbish from old satellites can harm our magnetosphere. Old satellites are huge and made of metal and other materials. The Earth is a ball magnet (磁铁) and we are covering it with metal rubbish. This can in turn weaken our magnetosphere and make it hard for life to live on Earth. Our magnetosphere is very important, so any pollution of it should be watched and studied. Space businesses should be cautious about sending up new satellites and take action to avoid pollution if they can’t show that their pollution will not hurt our atmosphere and magnetosphere. 31．What is one reason for the increasing number of satellites according to Paragraph 2? A．To discover more planets. B．To watch the changes of the Earth. C．To provide better Internet services. D．To improve communication among countries. 32．What can we infer from Paragraph 3? A．Humans can affect the magnetosphere. B．The magnetosphere can protect space rubbish. C．Few scientists study the magnetosphere. D．The magnetosphere becomes stronger over time. 33．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 4? A．Old satellites are mainly made of glass and metal. B．Metal rubbish can weaken the Earth’s magnetosphere. C．The magnetosphere makes the Earth a ball magnet. D．The magnetosphere has little influence on life on Earth. 34．What does the underlined word “cautious” mean in the last paragraph? A．Crazy. B．Angry. C．Careful. D．Worried. 35．What is the best title for the passage? A．Stop sending up satellites B．Avoid using metal to make satellites C．Create new reusable satellites D．Be responsible for sending up satellites （8） E-waste. Electronic waste (e-waste) comes from computers, cameras, phones, fridges, TVs and so on. How much e-waste has been produced? There is too much e-waste on the earth. In the past ten years, 650 Mt of e-waste has been produced. That is as heavy as about 65,000 Eiffel Towers. What can we do with e-waste? E-waste is bad for the environment. Repeat the three words in our life: reduce, reuse and recycle. Here are some examples. ◆ Quadloop created solar lanterns with e-waste. ◆ Junichi Kawanishi turned about 85,000 tons of e-waste into medals. ◆ Mixed Reality Lab designed educational toys with e-waste for poor kids. ◆ Alex Lin recycled about 150 tons of broken computers into ones that could be used again. 36．In 2022, how much e-waste was produced in the world? A．59.4 Mt. B．53.6 Mt. C．48.2 Mt. D．39.8 Mt. 37．What is the relationship between global e-waste production and the time (2015-2025) according to the text? A． B． C． D． 38．What did Alex Lin do with e-waste? A．He made medals. B．He created lanterns. C．He designed toys. D．He recycled computers. 39．Tom has a broken computer. What are the correct ways to deal with it according to the passage? ① Store it in a big box. ② Donate it to a recycling center. ③ Use it to make a toy robot. ④ Use it to create a small metal blackboard. A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④ 40．Where is the text taken from? A．A magazine. B．A website. C．A poster. D．A newspaper. （9） ①Did you take part in any tree-planting activities this past March 12th? Or maybe you went to check out the little tree you planted a few years ago? Standing beside it, you might have been amazed at how much it has changed. It’s really great to watch a tree grow year by year. Even the tallest ones of them grow from tiny seeds. Have you ever wondered how? ②A full-grown tree may drop hundreds or even thousands of seeds a year. Inside each seed is something called an embryo (胚). Think of it as a small group of cells (细胞). These cells are ready to form roots, stems (茎), and first leaves. ③Once the covering around the seed gets wet, the embryo cells, which have been patiently waiting, suddenly come to life. They start to grow and break out. This is called germination. First, the roots develop and push out and down into the soil. This makes sure the new plant can get water from the soil. Then the stem grows up and makes the first leaves. As these leaves produce “food” in the sunlight, the plant gets the energy to grow more new leaves. ④Let’s imagine you drive a nail (钉子) into a tree at one metre above the ground. What will you see when you come back in ten years? The tree will be much taller, but the nail will still be only one metre above the ground. That’s because trees grow taller upwards from the top. At the same time, their trunk grows thicker outwards. It is like the tree has two different ways of growing at the same time. The upward growth is like a race towards the sky, reaching for more sunlight, while the outward growth of the trunk is like adding more and more rings of protection and support. ⑤As trees get older, they continue to grow taller and thicker. Guess how tall the world’s tallest living tree is? Over 110 metres! That’s as tall as a 30-floor building! Isn’t it amazing? 41．According to Paragraph 2, what CANNOT a plant embryo be ready to form? A．Roots. B．Flowers. C．Stems. D．First leaves. 42．If a tree trunk grows thicker over time, what will happen to a metal (金属) ring put around the bottom of the trunk (树干) after 10 years? A．The metal ring will go into the soil. B．The metal ring will be higher off the ground. C．The metal ring will move up and down along the trunk. D．The metal ring will stay at the same height but may embed (嵌入) in the tree. 43．Which one of the pictures shows the stage of germination? A． B． C． D． 44．From the article, we can find the answer to the question “________” ①How do trees get water from the soil? ②Why does a nail in a tree trunk stay at the same height over time? ③How many seeds does a full-grown tree drop in its lifetime? ④How tall can the tallest trees in the world grow? ⑤How long does a seed take to grow leaves? A．①③④ B．①②③ C．②④⑤ D．①②④ 45．Which of the following best explains the structure (结构) of the passage? A．Tell stories→List facts→Give a warning B．Ask questions→Explain steps→Share a fact C．List problems→Study reasons→Offer advice D．Share experiences→Show examples→Introduce features （10） Human actions are affecting the environment. We will lose more of the natural world if we don’t change. Luckily, more people and organizations are working on conservation (保护) projects. Samson, an African fisherman, has become a voice for the ocean. He and the other fishermen realized they were catching fewer and fewer fish. Working with the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), Samson learned they had to fish more carefully. He realized they shouldn’t catch so many young fish because if there are too few of them, there won’t be enough adult fish to reproduce. As he says, “Take your responsibilities and never think that you are alone.” In Florida, the Sea Turtle (海龟) Conservancy (STC) noticed there were always plenty of single-use items, like bottles and drinking straws (吸管), on the beaches. These items can hurt the ocean wildlife terribly. Straws are dangerous for turtles because they can hurt them badly. So the STC started the project “Where are the straws?”. It asks local restaurants to stop giving customers straws with their drinks. Now, restaurants will only give straws if customers ask for them, and they only use paper straws. Those are just two examples of the many conservation efforts around the world today. They both show us that change is possible and that it can start with small actions. We are part of the problem. It’s time to be part of the solution. 46．What was the main problem Samson and the other fishermen faced? A．They didn’t know how to fish. B．They lost their fishing tools. C．The WWF stopped them from fishing. D．They were catching fewer fish. 47．What does the underlined word “them” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Young fish. B．Oceans. C．Fishermen. D．Adult fish. 48．What would happen through STC’s efforts? A．More and more tourists would relax on the beaches. B．Customers would buy more drinks from restaurants. C．There would be fewer drinking straws on the beaches. D．More people would come to study sea turtles’ lives. 49．What is the structure of the text? (P=paragraph) A． B． C． D． 50．Which can be the best title for the text? A．Rapid development, Social problems B．Small Actions, Big Changes C．The Work of the WWF and STC D．Ways to Protect Fish and Turtles （11） In September, a famous outdoor clothing brand (品牌) and a special artist worked together. They wanted to create a big art show. They went high up into the Himalayan (喜马拉雅) Mountains. There, on the ‘roof of the world’, they had a fireworks show called ‘Ascending (上升) Dragon’. The idea was to use art to make people think about mountain culture. At first, it sounded like a very cool and exciting plan. However, the show quickly made many people worried and angry. The Himalayas are one of the most beautiful places on Earth, but the environment there is also very fragile. People were afraid that the fireworks would cause serious problems. The smoke from the fireworks could make the clean air dirty. And the toxic (有毒的) materials from fireworks could harm the old glaciers (冰川). What made people more surprised was the brand itself. The company is famous for making clothes for people who love the outdoors. It has always told its customers that it works to protect nature. So, people asked a question: Why did a brand that loves nature support a show that could harm it? The public’s voice was very strong. In less than a day, both the brand and the artist made a public apology (道歉). They said they were sorry for their idea. The ‘Ascending Dragon’ show did not fly high for long. But it started an important conversation all around the world. It taught everyone a lesson. We all love beautiful art, but we must remember to listen to the mountains and protect our planet first. The discussion about how to balance (平衡) art, business, and the environment has only just begun. 51．What was the purpose of holding the “Ascending Dragon” fireworks show? A．To ask people to plan more art shows in mountains. B．To make people think about mountain culture by using art. C．To create the most famous fireworks show in the world. D．To let people know more about the artist. 52．According to the text, the underlined word “fragile” means ______ in Chinese. A．坚固的 B．脆弱的 C．温暖的 D．广阔的 53．What surprised people about the plan for the show? A．That the brand behind the fireworks show is famous for protecting nature. B．That the artist wanted to have a show in the mountains. C．That the show was going to be very big. D．That the show used a lot of fireworks. 54．When the public’s voice was very strong, what did they do? A．The show went on but it was much smaller. B．The brand and artist quickly made a public apology. C．The brand decided to make different clothes. D．They continued holding the fireworks show and improved it. 55．What lesson does the writer say people can learn from this story? A．People should stop creating any art to protect the environment. B．Outdoor clothing brands should not make art. C．People should not travel to the Himalayan Mountains. D．It is more important to protect nature than to create art. （12） ① Black holes are one of the most mysterious objects in space. They are called “black” because they do not give off any light. They are called “holes” because anything that gets too close, even light, cannot escape. ② Black holes are formed when a very large star dies. The star runs out of fuel and collapses under its own gravity. The gravity becomes so strong that it pulls everything around it into a tiny point. This point is called a singularity. ③ Even though black holes are invisible, scientists can find them by looking at the things around them. If a black hole is near a star, it can pull gas from the star. This gas gets very hot and gives off X-rays before it disappears into the black hole. By detecting these X-rays, scientists can “see” where the black hole is. ④ Black holes come in different sizes. Some are small, only a few times heavier than the Sun. Others are supermassive, millions or even billions of times heavier than the Sun. Supermassive black holes are usually found at the center of galaxies, including our own Milky Way. ⑤ In 2019, scientists showed the first picture of a black hole. The picture was made by a group of telescopes around the world working together. It was a big step in space science. ⑥ Studying black holes helps us understand how the universe works. They are like the engines of galaxies. Some scientists think that black holes might even be connected to other parts of the universe, but this is still a mystery. 56．Why are they called “black” holes? A．They are dark in color. B．They give off no light. C．They are made of black rock. D．They are invisible to eyes. 57．How are black holes formed? A．When a large star collapses. B．When a planet explodes. C．When a comet hits the Sun. D．When a meteor lands. 58．How do scientists find black holes? A．By taking pictures with a normal camera. B．By detecting X-rays from hot gas. C．By sending spacecraft to them. D．By looking at the stars around them. 59．Where are supermassive black holes usually found? A．In the solar system. B．At the center of galaxies. C．On the Moon. D．In the asteroid belt. 60．What is the main idea of the passage? A．How to travel to a black hole. B．The mystery of black holes. C．The first picture of a black hole. D．How stars are born. （13） Every year, millions of tons of plastic waste end up in the ocean, harming sea life. To solve this problem, a team of young scientists from a university in Qingdao has developed a special “plastic-eating” enzyme that can break down plastic bottles into harmless substances within 48 hours. This breakthrough offers new hope for dealing with plastic pollution. On November 15, 2025, their research was published in Nature, a world-famous science journal. The enzyme, named PETase-2, works by targeting the chemical bonds in plastic. When it touches a plastic surface, it starts cutting the long chains into small pieces that bacteria can easily digest. The whole process needs only warm water and no harmful chemicals. ________ They first studied how certain insects break down natural materials like leaves. Then they used computer programs to design a new enzyme that could do the same to plastic. After hundreds of failed attempts, they finally succeeded by changing just three amino acids in the original enzyme. This small change made it 10 times more powerful than before. The team is now working with a local factory to test the enzyme on a larger scale. If everything goes well, it could be used in recycling centers across the country by 2027. However, there are still challenges. The enzyme only works on certain types of plastic, and producing it in large amounts is still expensive. But the scientists believe these problems can be solved with more research. 61．How does the author introduce the topic? A．By asking a question. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving an example. D．By showing a problem. 62．What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．The enzyme. B．The plastic bottle. C．The chemical bond. D．The bacteria. 63．Which sentence can be put in “_______” in Paragraph 3? A．Many countries have already started using this enzyme. B．So how did the scientists create this powerful enzyme? C．The factory also provided money for the research. D．The original enzyme was completely useless. 64．Which of the following is true according to the passage? A．PETase-2 can break down all types of plastic immediately. B．The enzyme works only with harmful chemicals. C．The research result was published in an international journal. D．The enzyme is already being used in recycling centers nationwide. 65．What will the writer most probably talk about next? A．How plastic waste harms sea animals in detail. B．Why the original enzyme was not powerful enough. C．What challenges still need to be solved before large-scale use. D．How bacteria digest small pieces of plastic. （14） ①You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it’s not a package. It’s the amazing coconut (椰子) ! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them. ②One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel (燃料) . It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. ③Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks (外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with dry soil helps the soil to hold onto more of the water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. ④The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That’s why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3000 of these “coconut postcards”. ⑤Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They require only sun and proper rain. No special care is needed. Every year, more than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced. It is not surprising, then, that people want to find so many uses for the coconut. 66．Why is the coconut different from most other fruits? A．Stamps can be put on it. B．Every part of it is useful. C．People send it in a package. D．Addresses can be written on it. 67．What does the underlined word “power” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Make room for. B．Add value to. C．Provide energy for. D．Put weight on. 68．What’s the main purpose of the text? A．To advise people to protect coconuts. B．To ask people to grow more coconuts. C．To show the value and uses of coconuts. D．To introduce a fuel made from coconuts. 69．In which part of a magazine could we read the text? A．Story Time. B．History World. C．Sports News. D．Amazing Nature. 70．Which is the structure of this text? A． B． C． D． （15） Imagine growing fuel (燃料) on trees or getting it from rubbish. Imagine cars that run on air or produce water, not pollution! All around the world, people are making surprising new fuels. Biogas (沼气) is made from plants or natural waste by living things called bacteria (细菌). People can use animal and food waste to make biogas. Bacteria break the waste down in a special container (容器), and the gas (气体) is used for cooking and lights. Just one kilogram of waste produces enough biogas to make a light work for four hours. In Sweden, they even make biogas for cars from toilet waste! Biofuels are made from materials that grow. It is great because we make it from the waste parts of plants that we already grow for food. The newest biofuels are made from very small living things called algae (藻类). Algae produce more energy than other biofuels, and they can grow in places where we do not grow food, like seas and wasteland. In Brazil, cars and buses have used bioethanol for years. The cleanest fuel is hydrogen (氢). When hydrogen burns, it just makes water, but this gas is difficult to produce. In 2010, engineers invented a machine which uses energy from the sun to make hydrogen. Other people are trying to use bacteria to make it. These “clean” ways of making hydrogen are still very new. If they become cheaper, we may all drive hydrogen cars in the future. Every year, scientists are inventing new ways to make super fuels from the things around us. Which energy technologies will we use most in the future? We do not know the answer to this question exactly. But we do know that we are starting to build a bright future without fossil fuels. 71．What is biogas made from? A．Energy from the sun. B．Plants or natural waste. C．Small living things called algae. D．Animals and food. 72．Which of the following is the cleanest fuel? A．Biogas. B．Biofuels. C．Hydrogen. D．Oil. 73．What is the attitude (态度) of the writer to the new fuels? A．Uninterested. B．Careless. C．Doubtful. D．Supportive. 74．Where could the passage be from? A．Travel guidebook. B．Environment magazine. C．A movie poster. D．A history book. 75．Which is the best structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1) A． B． C． D． （16） Construction (建筑) is one of the biggest users of energy and one of the biggest polluters. According to AI Magazine, construction is responsible for using 38% of world energy. The building part alone takes up almost 55% of final energy use and 33% of greenhouse gases. It’s also well known that steel produces too much material waste in building construction. Because of this big challenge, the future of sustainable (可持续的) construction may lie with AI. AI is able to study building efficiency (效率) performance by grouping data to find the best chances for sustainable material usage. With a tool like AI, the future of sustainable construction could progress much faster than in the past. Besides, AI helps architects (建筑师) work with new tools and sustainable materials to create our better buildings and cities of the future. For example, construction 3D printing guided by AI can offer better choices for building materials to save money, and map out how construction materials could be recycled. In a professional article, AI is praised as a tool for sustainable construction, “In recent years, AI has become a promising tool for construction. AI can examine a large number of data sets on weather conditions and help to make full use of building systems for energy efficiency, water protection and other goals.” AI can be used to speed up the future of sustainable construction to set standards for the industry, and make construction more efficient and affordable. Like any other computer, AI is a tool that is particularly good at studying data sets, but for the moment it still requires smart and ethical (有道德的) human beings to lead its work. All of that has to be done with respect for humans, so it’s really up to us to make it work. 76．How is paragraph 1 developed? A．By listing numbers. B．By telling stories. C．By expressing feelings. 77．How can AI help architects? A．Produce sustainable steel. B．Choose sustainable materials. C．Invent recyclable 3D printers. 78．Which best explains the underlined word “promising” in paragraph 3? A．Facing challenges. B．Needing improving. C．Having a bright future. 79．What does the writer suggest in the last paragraph? A．It’s humans’ duty to guide AI. B．Humans’ future depends on AI. C．It’s difficult to develop AI. 80．What is the text mainly about? A．AI recycles construction wastes. B．AI may take the place of architects. C．AI helps sustainable construction. （17） You can put a stamp on it, you can write an address on it, and you can send it through the mail. No, it’s not a package (包裹). It’s the amazing coconut (椰子)! The coconut is different from most other fruits because every part of it is useful. People have been using coconuts in many different ways. Here are some of them. One exciting use of the coconut is as a kind of energy. Scientists are working on using coconuts for energy because they are cheap and clean. Coconut oil has already been made into fuel (燃料). It can power cars, trucks, ships and many more. Students at Baylor University find that coconut husks (外壳) can take in water very well. So mixing coconut husks with dry soil (土壤) helps the soil to hold onto more of the water. The students also find that coconut husks can take the place of plastic in some cases. If this is possible, it will help people use less plastic. The husk of the coconut is a perfect package. It protects the coconut from harm. That’s why some countries allow people to send the coconut without any packaging. Each year, tourists post about 3,000 of these “coconut postcards”. Coconuts grow naturally in over 80 countries of the world. They require only sun and proper rain. No special care is needed. Every year, more than 61 million tons of coconuts are produced. It is not surprising, then, that people want to find so many uses for the coconut. 81．Why is the coconut different from most other fruits? A．Stamps can be put on it. B．Every part of it is useful. C．People send it in a package. 82．What does the underlined word “power” mean in Paragraph 2? A．Make room for. B．Add value to. C．Provide energy for. 83．In which part of a magazine can we probably read the passage? A．History World. B．Sports News. C．Amazing Nature. 84．What’s the main purpose of the passage? A．To advise people to protect coconuts. B．To ask people to grow more coconuts. C．To show the value and uses of coconuts. 85．Which is the right structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1   ②=Paragraph 2...) A． B． C． D． （18） A new study suggests that roosters can recognize themselves in a mirror (镜子). Scientists use the “mark test” to test whether an animal can recognize itself. A mark is put on an animal, usually in a place that can only be seen in a mirror. Then the animal is allowed to look in a mirror. If the animal seems to pay attention to the mark, scientists believe the animal has recognized itself. The list of animals who can recognize themselves in a mirror isn’t long. The skill has mainly been found in animals with large brains, like dolphins, chimpanzees and elephants. Until recently, only one kind of bird had passed the test. Scientists at the University of Bonn in Germany recently ran the mark test on roosters. They put a pink triangle (三角形) on the chests of the roosters. But when the roosters looked in a mirror, they didn’t seem to notice the mark. The scientists then needed a different way to test whether the roosters could recognize themselves. When there’s danger—like a hawk (鹰) flying above—roosters make loud calls to warn nearby chickens. But roosters only make the cries if other chickens can hear them. If they’re alone, they remain quiet so the hawk won’t see them. The scientists realized that they could use the shadow (影子) of a hawk to test whether or not the roosters thought they were alone— even when they could see “another” chicken in a mirror. First, the scientists let the roosters spend time getting used to being in a closed-in space and having a mirror around. Then, they ran several tests by making a hawk shadow appear above a rooster and watching how it reacted (反应). When there was no mirror, the roosters reacted as usual. It called out when it was near another rooster, but remained quiet when it was alone. But when a rooster was in a space where it could see itself in the mirror, it wasn’t fooled into thinking there was another rooster. It remained silent under the hawk shadow. It did this even if there was a rooster hidden behind the mirror. The scientists say the results show that the roosters knew they were seeing themselves in the mirror, and not other roosters. 86．What is the purpose of the “mark test”? A．To find out if an animal can recognize itself. B．To test if an animal can mark itself with a mirror. C．To see if an animal can see the mark in the mirror. D．To check if an animal with a large brain is cleverer than others. 87．Why did the scientists change their test method? A．Roosters have passed the mark test easily. B．The hawk shadow test was easier to prepare. C．The mark test can’t be used on birds at all. D．The mark test didn’t work well on roosters. 88．What does the underlined word “them” refer to? A．Hawks. B．Chickens. C．Roosters. D．Scientists. 89．What proved that roosters can recognize themselves in a mirror? A．The mark test. B．The hawk shadow test. C．The reaction of hawks. D．The test result of other birds. 90．What can we infer from the passage? A．Roosters prefer to make no sounds when they face danger alone. B．Roosters are not as smart as dolphins, chimpanzees and elephants. C．The mark test can exactly tell if an animal can recognize itself in the mirror. D．When seeing its image in the mirror, the rooster thinks there’s another rooster. （19） So far, China has successfully sent a large number of satellites (卫星) and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired (赋予灵感) by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names. Since thousands of years ago, Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see , China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e I. More interestingly, the moon rover (巡视器) was named after the Jade Rabbit, who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology, our scientists have made them come true. Kua Fu Runs After the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now, Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun, because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission. Besides the ancient stories, space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example, Mozi, an ancient scientist, discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2,000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So, China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi, making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground. From such simple things as giving names to the satellites , we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology. 91．In China , space scientists get ideas from ________  when naming satellites. ①old stories   ②traditional projects    ③ancient famous people     ④popular inventions A．①② B．①③ C．②④ D．①④ 92．How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4? A．By listing numbers. B．By comparing facts. C．By giving an example. D．By reporting a result 93．Which is the right structure of the passage?  (①= Paragraph 1 ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 94．What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage? A．To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science. B．To explain how our scientists develop the space industry. C．To introduce the achievements in our science and technology. D．To spread the traditional Chinese culture. 95．In which section of a newspaper can we read the text? A．Public Service B．Science World C．Green Lifestyle D．Healthy Life （20） Many schools have started projects to make changes to their school grounds in order to make better use of them. The projects have achieved good results. Some schools have reduced heat, some have got more play space, and others have helped create different learning experiences. The most common practice of the schools is planting more trees around the playground. Trees provide cooler spaces in summer. They also bring birds and insects. Students, therefore, would like to go to the playground more often. And they become more connected to nature. Some schools even set up reading areas under these trees. Students can listen to birds singing while reading there. ▲ For example, they turn some of the school grounds into vegetable fields or fruit gardens. The students work in teams and learn how to grow vegetables or fruits. In this way, they get hands-on learning experience. At harvest (收获) time, they share what they get from the fields and gardens, and they also harvest the joy of labor and cooperation. These reshaping projects make school grounds more popular with students. The reason behind the success is that students are included. After all, they are the users of the grounds. In many cases, designers first survey the students for their ideas. Then they draw up several designs for the students to vote on. When the project is completed, the students are invited to feed back on it so that it can be further improved in the future. 96．What is Paragraph 1 mainly about? A．The results of the projects. B．The importance of learning. C．The benefits of play space. D．The history of some schools. 97．What happens with more trees around the playground according to Paragraph 2? A．Students grow more fruits. B．The school turns cleaner. C．Students get closer to nature. D．The school raises more money. 98．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 3? A．Some schools refuse to change. B．The changes make schools bigger. C．The changes make teachers happier. D．Some schools explore other possibilities. 99．Why are the projects successful? A．Schools have strict rules. B．Students’ opinions are valued. C．Parents’ support is provided. D．Teachers give clear instructions. 100．What do the underlined words “feed back on” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Say goodbye to. B．Give advice on. C．Look down upon. D．Keep away from. 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $