广东省茂名市第一中学2026-2027学年高二上学期11月期中英语试题

茂名市第一中学2026—2027学年度第一学期期中考试 高二英语试卷 考试时间：120分钟 总分：130分 命题人：戴林娣 罗东梅 审题人：邓思梅 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。 A Smart Moves for a Connected Community Shared mobility is widely recognized as a key contributor to sustainable urban development, offering a greener alternative to people’s travel. To directly address residents’ practical travel challenges like inconvenient daily commutes (通勤) and high family trip costs, our city has launched the Community Shared Mobility Program. The program provides a diverse range of vehicles, including e-bikes with adjustable seats, lightweight e-scooters, and family cars that can be fitted with child seats upon request. You can access these through the official app, 24/7 hotline, or service stations, where cash payments are also accommodated for greater convenience, Program Details Accessible Vehicles Seating Time Frame Rate / hour E-bikes & e-scooters 1 Off season $6 Peak season $8 Other types of vehicles 4 Off season $25 Peak season $40 Note: The peak season is during official holidays and summer vacation (June 15 to August 31); other times are in the off-season. Book & Return ·Book at least 1 hour ahead, with a maximum usage of 8-hour per trip. ·Overtime is charged at 1.5x the hourly rate and billed by the hour. ·Return to a service station or flexible parking zone shown in the app. Who Can Join? The program is open to anyone aged 18 or above. A comprehensive instruction book is provided on the official app for all new users. Furthermore, additional support is available for seniors and the disabled to ensure that the program remains accessible to a broad group. For more information, visit www. mobility. com or the service center at 5 Central Street. 1. What is the program intended to do? A. To enrich the citizens’ leisure life. B. To solve travel issues for residents. C. To boost the sales of electric cars. D. To advertise an energy-saving app. 2. How much does it cost to rent an e-bike for 8.5 hours in July? A. $64. B. $68. C. $70. D. $76. 3. What is offered to first-time users of the program? A. A deep discount. B. A free trial period. C. A detailed guide. D. A welcome bonus. B Born on her family’s farm in Ray, North Dakota, Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small-town schoolhouse. Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honors. Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was clearly demonstrated. The outbreak of World War II led to a national shortage of chemists and scientists. In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman, she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents, producing explosives (爆炸物) for the wartime effort. She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio, taking on the dangerous job of analyzing unstable chemicals to produce weapons. After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA (North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants (推进剂) and designing special fuels to work with different engines. However, never having returned to complete her degree, she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer, even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one. Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space, Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project. National pride was on the line, so Morgan set about investigating fuels. After countless trials, she finally designed her own mixture, which was named Hydyne. Hydyne tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft (飞行器) , such as Jupiter-C rockets, proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign. The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible, even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success, retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind. 4. What does the passage tell us about Mary? A. She attended school while she was helping her father with farm work. B. She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation. C. She changed her working focus because her country’s demand changed. D. She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career. 5. What was Mary doing after the war ended? A. Designing and building aircraft. B. Producing and analyzing explosives. C. Mixing and saving fuels. D. Evaluating and developing fuels. 6. What made Mary the technical lead on the project of NAA? A. Her rank as an engineer. B. Her special knowledge in fuels. C. Her discovery of Hydyne. D. Her sense of national pride 7. Which of the following words can describe Mary Sherman Morgan? A. Intelligent and skillful. B. Caring and determined. C. Accomplished but proud. D. Courageous but sensitive. C Electric vehicles (EVs) can help cut fuel expenses and lower emissions compared to gasoline-powered cars. However, their success depends heavily on the availability of convenient charging options. For people living in apartments or dense urban neighborhoods, access to charging stations is often limited, which continues to slow wider EV adoption. To help close this gap, researchers at Penn State designed a framework to develop and assess streetlight-based charging systems as a solution. The team set up 23 upgraded streetlights in Kansas City, Missouri, to test the concept. Their findings showed that streetlight chargers were not only more cost-efficient and time-efficient than traditional charging stations, but they also produced fewer environmental impacts. Funded by the U.S. Department of Energy, the researchers partnered with organizations and companies to upgrade existing streetlights to function as EV chargers. They then established a framework — focused on demand, practicality and benefits — for other communities to use to develop streetlight EV chargers. To determine demand, the researchers looked at factors including land use, station density, points of interest nearby, and traffic volume and then used the data to train artificial intelligence models to make demand predictions based on these factors. Compared to traditional EV charging ports, the researchers found that streetlight chargers were much cheaper to set up, since the streetlights already existed. They also found that the streetlight chargers offered significantly faster charging speeds, likely because they draw power from dedicated electrical lines and face less competition from multiple vehicles charging at the same time. The streetlight charging stations also benefited the environment, since there were energy savings and greenhouse gas reductions by using locations where cars were already parking. For next steps, the researchers said they would like to build on their models by adding more detailed socioeconomic data and weather information. It will help identify communities with limited EV access or adoption potential, ensuring a fairer setup of facilities. Weather data is also critical, as extreme temperatures can affect battery performance, travel frequency and overall energy demand. 8. What is the primary focus of the Penn State research project? A. The comparison of electric and gasoline vehicles. B. The development of highly energy-saving streetlights. C. The creation of a highly efficient EV charging network. D. The application of AI in urban traffic management. 9. What did the researchers do to figure out demand for streetlight chargers? A. They surveyed public charging habits. B. They trained AI models for predictions. C. They developed a beneficial framework. D. They upgraded the existing streetlights. 10. What is an advantage of streetlight chargers over traditional ports? A. They charge significantly faster. B. They require much less maintenance. C. They win greater public favor. D. They use more eco-friendly materials. 11. According to the text, what will the research team do afterwards? A. Design new chargers for extreme weather. B. Expand the system to rural areas nationwide. C. Improve their models with more specific data. D. Lower the production costs for electric vehicles. D A groundbreaking study recently published in Nature Aging has shed new light on the relationship between inflammation (炎症) and aging, suggesting that inflammation commonly related to aging, known as “inflammaging”, may not be a universal phenomenon. Historically, scientists have viewed inflammaging as a primary driver of age-related diseases such as heart disease, diabetes, and dementia. This condition is characterized by the immune system’s chronic (慢性的) state of overactivity, which can lead to organ damage and various health problems. However, the findings from the new study challenge the assumption that this biological process occurs similarly across different populations. The study involved analyzing blood samples from over 2,800 individuals to assess levels of inflammation-causing substances. The researchers identified the same pattern of increasing inflammatory markers in the Italian and Singaporean participants, linked to a higher rate of chronic diseases. In contrast, the native Tsimane people of the Bolivian Amazon and the Orang Asli from Malaysia showed no such pattern. Despite high inflammatory markers, the Tsimane experience significantly lower rates of chronic illnesses common in industrialized nations. These results raise critical questions about the nature of inflammaging. One potential explanation is that the phenomenon may be a byproduct of sedentary lifestyles and high-calorie diets popular in modern societies. In contrast, traditional lifestyles characterized by higher physical activity and diverse diets might lead to a different immune response where inflammation serves a protective role, rather than an unhealthy one. The implications of this study are profound. What is beneficial for individuals in urban settings may not necessarily hold true for those following traditional lifestyles. Moreover, the research highlights a significant gap in our understanding of human health, emphasizing the need for more inclusive studies that encompass diverse populations and environments. The study serves as a critical reminder that our perceptions of aging are shaped by our environments and lifestyles. What has been perceived as a universal truth in the biology of aging may, in fact, reflect local adaptations influenced by cultural practices and health behaviors. 12. What is the finding of the study published in Nature Aging? A. Data indicate that inflammation weakens with age universally. B. Analysis confirms that inflammation drives age-related diseases. C. Results suggest that inflammation benefits the elderly. D. Evidence denies that inflammation is universal. 13. What did the study reveal about the Tsimane people? A. Effective local medicines for age-related illnesses. B. Sharp decrease in inflammation with age. C. High inflammation yet low chronic disease rates. D. Unique genetic protection against chronic diseases. 14. What does the underlined word “sedentary” probably mean in paragraph 4? A. Physically inactive. B. Socially isolated. C. Nutritionally poor. D. Chronically stressful. 15. What is the main idea of the text? A. Genetic factors play a role in human health outcomes. B. Specific contexts shape aging processes across populations. C. Universal drug treatments represent the future for elderly care. D. Urban lifestyles offer the defense against chronic diseases. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Critical thinking is the art of using reason to analyze ideas and dig deeper to get to our true potential. It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer. ____16____ Below are suggestions to help you lay the groundwork for critical thinking. Question your assumptions. We make a lot of assumptions about almost everything. It’s how our brain processes certain pieces of information, and how we get along in everyday life. You could say they are the foundation of our critical framework. ____17____ Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up. Never accept authoritative information without your own investigation. Instead of double-checking everything anyone says, we tend to label information as either coming from a trustworthy or not trustworthy source. This keeps us from double-checking every piece of information that comes our way, saving time and energy. But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t. __18___ Put yourself in other people’s shoes. Empathy can also help you develop your critical thinking skills. ____19____ You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior. The deeper your insight into yourself and others, the wiser your decisions will be. ___20___ There is no way to learn better than learning from your friends. If you only want to be a big fish swimming in the little pond just because your ego (自负) feels good, keep this part. If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego. A. Surround yourself with people smarter than you. B. Be someone that people know that they can count on. C. Actually, it’s about thinking better. D.You should not judge others until you fully understand their situation. E. The reason is that understanding does not always go with the right action. F. But what if they turned out to be wrong, or at least not entirely truthful? G. So what is published in a magazine or online doesn’t mean it’s necessarily true. 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Sweat slips down my cheek as I attempt a shoulder stretch and look around. It’s just me, a couple of seabirds, and shining 21 to the horizon. This, I whisper to myself, is ____22____. Solo outings had never ____23____ my mind before because I always had a friend with me. But three years ago, I 24 to Cleveland. Meeting friends in a new city was 25 , leaving me feeling quite lonely occasionally. In October 2020, I decided to take a solo hiking trip. I went to Cuyahoga Valley National Park to ____26____ the autumn leaves. Four miles in, I couldn’t remember the last time I’d felt so ____27____. I focused my ____28____ on each forest sound and did something I almost never made time for: I listened to my own thoughts. When spring arrived, I decided to try out another solo sport: kayaking (皮划艇). My chest, ____29____ tightened by nerves, was bursting with happiness when I finally reached the middle of the river. The ____30____ from anxiety to joy was incredible. Since that first solo hike, adventuring alone has become like ____31____ for my soul. It has also pushed me to ____32____ my comfort zone and to meet new people. Through social media, my adventure-friend circle has ____33____. But at least once per month, I schedule time to hit ____34____ with my favorite friend: me. These solo journeys are not just about exercise. They have also taught me the ____35____ of my own company and made me stronger than ever before. 21. A. ground B. sand C. light D. water 22. A. challenging B. comfortable C. superb D. annoying 23. A. crossed B. cleared C. opened D. changed 24. A. rushed B. moved C. returned D. drove 25. A. random B. tough C. terrible D. casual 26. A. adjust B. pick C. admire D. catch 27. A. ambitious B. delighted C. alive D. powerful 28. A. ears B. eyes C. heart D. hands 29. A. hardly B. secretly C. directly D. initially 30. A. shift B. pause C. reaction D. gap 31. A. gift B. medicine C. poison D. food 32. A. take in B. give up C. put off D. go beyond 33. A. contracted B. bloomed C. ballooned D. narrowed 34. A. home B. sports C. work D. nature 35. A. value B. cost C. reason D.fun 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 As the wheel of time turns, traditional practices are witnessing a comeback. Gua Sha, an ancient Chinese healing technique, has been gaining popularity in recent years as a holistic（整体的）approach 36 wellness and beauty, because it offers various benefits to modern wellness seekers. On a media app, a before-and-after video of Gua Sha has been viewed more than 11.8 million times. Meanwhile, influencers have started to share their Gua Sha routines on some other media apps, 37 (attract) growing attention from global audiences. Moreover, Western beauty stores and   38 (celebrity) have jumped at the fashion and started favoring Gua Sha or selling its tools. Actually, Gua Sha has been practiced in China since the Ming Dynasty and is known to have muscle pain relieved 39 improve blood circulation. Originally, it 40 (use) on the body, like arms, legs, and back; however, nowadays, it’s commonly used to improve the health of 41 (face) skin. The practice is performed using a smooth-edged tool to gently scrape（刮）areas of the body, 42 can encourage a healthy flow of energy and blood. Gua Sha, a TCM practice, also 43 (recognize) as a cultural practice, now has 44 (incredible) found its way to the West due to its potential health benefits. Undoubtedly, promoting TCM practices could be 45 much-needed opportunity for others to learn more about Chinese culture. 第四部分 基础知识考查 （共两节，满分15分） 第一节 单词填空（共10小题；每题1分，满分10分） 根据中文提示和首字母填空，或根据括号内同根词填空。（注意：请将完整的单词（含首字母）填写在答题卷上。） 46. The teacher e_________(评价) students by their performance last term. 47. Jim won his third Olympic gold medal, and s_________(获得) his place in history. 48. If listeners look confused, you should make a___________(调整) to your body language at once. 49. It has become a serious environmental problem, p__________(造成) an unprecedented threat to the wildlife around Antarctica. 50. There is now i___________(激烈的) competition among the top tech companies. 51. She used her powers of ______________(persuade) to convince the committee to approve her proposal. 52. Most spiders weave webs that are almost ___________(visible) . 53. Her song sounded wonderful _______________(accompany) by the music. 54. The heating will switch off _____________ (automatic) when you leave the room. 55. The airplane encountered severe turbulence, ____________(buffet) violently through the storm clouds. 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每空0.5分，满分5分） 根据中文提示填空，每个空仅填一个单词。 一到达这个偏远的村庄，热情微笑的当地人迎接了我们。 56 57 at the remote village, we were greeted by warm, smiling locals. 内心深处，他渴望得到重来一次的机会。 58 59 he was eager to get the chance to try again. 仍不清楚市场何时会完全复苏。 60 remained unclear 61 the market would recover fully. 那只鸟险些被年轻猎人射中。 The bird narrowly escaped 62 63 by the young hunter. 我们还缺两个人，没有他们，我们需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。 We are short of two people, 64 65 we will need three more days to finish the work. 第五部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（满分15分） 假定你是校英文报编辑部成员。报纸计划推出人物专栏People of Achievement，请你为该专栏撰写一篇创刊词，内容包括： 1. 开设专栏的目的； 2. 栏目内容介绍。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear readers, We are excited to announce the launch of our new column, “People of Achievement”._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The editorial department 第二节（满分 20分） 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写一个段落，使之构成一篇完整的短文，词数不少于80词。 Football has been my greatest passion since I was a little child. I have always been crazy about football matches. Whenever I watched players rushing across the green field, passing the ball skillfully and scoring wonderful goals, my heart was filled with excitement and hope. However, I was born weak, much thinner and far less athletic than my peers. For years, my poor physical condition cast a shadow over me. I became shy and lacked self-confidence. Deep in my heart, I loved football more than anything else, but I never had the courage to join formal football training. I was always troubled by worries. I feared that my weak body would drag my team down and turn me into a laughing stock among my classmates. Luckily, a precious opportunity came. A member of our school football team had to leave temporarily, and I was unexpectedly picked as his replacement. Knowing how hard this chance was to get, I cherished it deeply. From then on, I threw myself into strict daily training. No matter how tired or hot it was, I never complained or gave up. I kept practising basic skills again and again, working on my speed, passes and defence. Day after day, I grew stronger and my skills improved steadily. My coach and teammates noticed my efforts and praised me, yet I was still only a backup（替补队员）. I could only sit on the bench and watch them compete, with no chance in an official match. The long-awaited inter-school football match finally arrived. The game was extremely fierce from the start. Both teams fought hard for the lead, and cheers from the stands made the atmosphere tense. As time went by, the score remained tied and the situation turned critical. Just then, an accident hit our team: our starting player twisted（扭伤）his ankle badly in a crash. He could barely stand because of the pain and had to leave the field right away. 注意：（1）续写词数不少于80词； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The coach suddenly called my name and asked me to get ready to play. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 高二第一学期期中考英语试题 第 2 页，共10页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 茂名市第一中学2026—2027学年度第一学期期中考试 高二英语试卷参考答案及评分标准 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 1. B 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.A 11.C 12.D 13.C 14.A 15.B 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. A 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 36．to 37．attracting 38．celebrities 39．and 40．was used 41．facial 42．which 43．recognized 44．incredibly 45．a 第四部分 基础知识考查（共两节，满分15分） 第1节 单词填空（共10小题；每题1分,满分10分） 46.evaluated 47. secured 48. adjustments 49.posing 50. intense 51.persuasion 52.invisible 53.accompanied 54. automatically 55.buffeting 第二节 完成句子（共5小题；每小题0.5分，满分5分） 56.On 57. arriving 58. Deep 59. down 60. It 61.when 62.being 63.shot 64. without 65. whom 第五部分 写作（共两节，满分35分） · 应用文参考范文 Dear readers, We are excited to announce the launch of our new column, “People of Achievement”. The column is intended to celebrate outstanding individuals whose life stories can inspire and motivate every one of us to keep going bravely in pursuit of our goals. In this column, we will feature inspiring figures from various fields, including science, education, art and sports. Through their stories filled with ups and downs, we hope to highlight the timeless values of perseverance, dedication and hard work. Each issue will cover interviews, personal profiles and unforgettable key moments along their challenging journeys. We warmly welcome your valuable suggestions and contributions. Let’s learn from these remarkable people and draw strength from them as we move forward towards our own dreams! The editorial department · 应用文评分标准 假定你是校英文报编辑部成员，为校英文报新专栏People of Achievement撰写创刊词，内容包括开设专栏的目的、栏目内容介绍。 一、体裁与格式：属于报刊专栏创刊词。开篇称呼Dear readers和落款The editorial department 已在试卷上给出，考生只需作答中间正文部分。 二、内容要求：作文必须包含两大核心要点：①开设专栏的目的；②栏目内容介绍。需清晰阐明开设专栏的目的，体现专栏激励学生、弘扬榜样精神的意义；具体介绍栏目的选材范围、呈现形式等主要内容。简短切题的期许、邀约、欢迎类语句属于该创刊词的常规交际收尾，表达自然得体可提升交际效果。若仅机械陈述两大要点，缺少适配文体的收尾语句，虽要点完整，但交际效果有所欠缺，一般不划入本作文最高档。 三、评分标准 第五档（13—15分）完全符合写作要求，全部核心要点覆盖，格式完整正确，内容完整，层次结构清晰，语言流畅自然，句式丰富衔接得当，基本无语法和词汇错误；文体交际得体，如有期许或读者邀约类结尾则贴切自然，词数符合要求。 第四档（10—12分）符合写作要求，全部核心要点覆盖，格式正确，内容较完整，层次结构较清晰，语言较流畅，有少量语法和词汇错误（不影响理解），文体意识较好，词数基本符合要求。 第三档（7—9分）基本符合写作要求，核心要点基本覆盖，其中一个要点表述不够完整；格式存在小疏漏，内容不够完整，层次结构不够清晰，语言有一些语法和词汇错误（对理解有一定影响），文体特征有所欠缺，词数不足。缺少任一核心要点，直接降至本档及以下。 第二档（4—6分）部分偏离写作要求，仅完成一个核心要点或两个要点均表述残缺，格式不规范，内容不完整，层次结构混乱，语言错误较多（影响理解），词数明显不足。 第一档（1—3分）严重偏离写作要求，内容空洞，要点均未有效涉及，格式缺失，语言错误很多，与专栏主题无关内容占比大，词数过少。 0分 未作答或所写内容与题目无关。 · 读后续写参考范文 The coach suddenly called my name and asked me to get ready to play. A wave of mixed thrill and panic swept over me, for I used to be a weak boy troubled by lack of confidence on the pitch. Flashbacks of countless exhausting training days raced through my mind. Taking a deep breath, I dashed onto the field, straining every muscle to run and defend. Seeing my nervousness, my teammates gave me encouraging glances, which fueled my determination. Though inner self‑doubt still lingered, I forced myself to fix my attention on the match and kept adjusting my pace. Soon I spotted a golden opportunity. Dribbling past several defenders, I delivered a powerful shot, and the ball buried itself in the net. Thunderous cheers erupted. It dawned on me that it was persistent efforts rather than natural talent that helped me conquer my long‑standing inner fear. · 读后续写评分原则 1. 本题总分20分，按5个档次给分。 2. 评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。 3. 评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑: (1) 与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度； (2) 应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性； (3) 上下文的连贯性； (4) 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。 4. 如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。 · 读后续写评分标准 第五档 (17~20分) * 创造了新颖、丰富、合理的内容，富有逻辑性，续写完整，与原文情境融洽度高；能够体现临危上场的内心冲突，回扣体弱自卑、刻苦训练、替补身份等原文伏笔，完整呈现上场拼搏—抓住机会进球—自我感悟的情节链，单段完成冲突—行动—解决—感悟闭环，不拆分段落，词数>80词。 * 使用了多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，表达流畅，语言错误很少，且完全不影响理解。 * 自然有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构清晰，前后呼应，意义连贯。 第四档 (13~16分) * 创造了比较丰富、合理的内容，比较有逻辑性，续写比较完整，与原文情境融洽度比较高；可以完成上场、进球主要故事情节，能够部分呼应原文伏笔，但缺少自卑心理刻画或感悟升华较为浅显；遵守单段写作，词数达标。 * 使用了比较多样且恰当的词汇和语法结构，有些许语法错误，不影响理解。 * 比较有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构比较清晰，意义比较连贯。 第三档 (9~12分) * 创造了基本完整的故事内容，但有的情节不够合理或逻辑性不强，与原文情境基本相关；仅平铺踢球进球，缺失内心冲突、回扣伏笔、主题感悟其中某一环。词数不足80词酌情扣分。 * 使用了简单的词汇和语法结构，有部分语言错误和不恰当之处，个别部分影响理解 (低级语法错误，如主宾格使用混乱，时态错误，拼写错误等)。 * 尚有语句衔接的意识，全文结构基本清晰，意义基本连贯。 第二档 (5~8分) * 内容和逻辑上有一些重大问题，续写不够完整，与原文有一定程度脱节；丢失体弱、替补、刻苦训练核心要素，人物行为不符合原文人设，情节偏离战胜自我、坚持力量的主题主线。 * 所用的词汇有限，语法结构单调，错误较多且比较低级，影响理解。 * 未能有效地使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不够清晰，意义欠连贯。 第一档 (1~4分) * 内容和逻辑上有较多重大问题，或有部分内容抄自原文，续写不完整，与原文情境基本脱节；完全没有体现足球赛场与自我成长的故事。 * 所使用的词汇非常有限，语法结构单调、错误较多、严重影响理解。 * 几乎没有使用语句间衔接手段，全文结构不清晰，意义不连贯。 0 分 白卷、内容太少以致无法评判或所写内容与所提供内容无关。 茂名市第一中学2026—2027学年度第一学期期中考试 高二英语试卷参考答案详解 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了某城市推出的社区共享出行项目，包括可用车辆、收费标准、预订归还规则及参与人群等信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To directly address residents’ practical travel challenges like inconvenient daily commutes (通勤) and high family trip costs, our city has launched the Community Shared Mobility Program.(为直接解决居民日常通勤不便、家庭出行成本高等实际出行难题，我市推出了社区共享出行项目)”可知，该项目的目的是解决居民的出行问题。故选B项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据表格中“E-bikes & e-scooters”的收费标准“Peak season $8”，以及表格下“Note”里的内容“The peak season is during official holidays and summer vacation (June 15 to August 31); other times are in the off-season.(旺季为法定节假日及暑假(6月15日至8月31日)；其余时间为淡季)”可知，7月属于旺季，电动自行车每小时收费8美元。再结合“Book & Return”里的规则“Book at least 1 hour ahead, with a maximum usage of 8-hour per trip. ·Overtime is charged at 1. 5x the hourly rate and billed by the hour.(·至少提前1小时预订，每次使用最长8小时。·超时按小时费率的1.5倍收费，按小时计费)”可知，租用8.5小时的话，8小时按原价收费，0.5小时按超时计费，总费用为8×8 + 8×1.5×1=64+12=76美元。故选D项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Who Can Join?”里的内容“A comprehensive instruction book is provided on the official app for all new users.(官方应用程序为所有新用户提供一本全面的使用说明书)”可知，新用户会得到一份详细的使用指南。故选C项。 【答案】4. C 5. D 6. B 7. A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Mary Sherman Morgan的生平，她从农场女孩成长为化学分析师，后因战争需求转行，最终在航空领域取得重大成就的故事。 【详解】4．推理判断题。根据第二段“The outbreak of World War II led to a national shortage of chemists and scientists.(第二次世界大战的爆发导致了全国化学家和科学家的短缺。)”和第三段“After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics(战争结束后，炸药的需求出现下滑，于是她转向了航空领域)”可知，Mary的工作重点从化学家转向了航空领域，是因为国家的需求发生了变化。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据第三段“After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives, so she made a move to the field of aeronautics, moving to California to work for NAA (North American Aviation). The only woman out of 900 engineers, she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants (推进剂) and designing special fuels to work with different engines.(战争结束后，炸药的需求出现下滑，于是她转向了航空领域，移居加利福尼亚为北美航空公司（NAA）效力。作为 900 名工程师中唯一的女性，她很快得到晋升，负责计算火箭推进剂的性能，并为不同发动机设计专用燃料。)”可知，这项工作就是测评和研发燃料，对应Evaluating and developing fuels.故选D。 6．细节理解题。根据第四段“Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked to find a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space, Morgan was appointed technical lead on the project.(她在推进剂方面的经验意味着，当NAA被委以寻找一种能够将重新设计的红石导弹送入太空的燃料时，摩根被任命为该项目的技术负责人。)”可知，Mary在推进剂方面的特殊知识使她成为NAA项目的技术负责人。故选B。 7．推理判断题。根据第一段“Aware of her intelligence, she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major, where her skill was clearly demonstrated.(意识到自己的聪明，她从Ray逃走，进入Minot州立大学主修化学，在那里她的技能很明显。)”可知，Mary是一个聪明且有技能的人。故选A。 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍一项关于路灯式电动汽车充电系统的研究成果，解释其设计原理、实施过程、优势及未来方向。 【详解】8．推理判断题。根据第一段“Electric vehicles (EVs) can help cut fuel expenses and lower emissions compared to gasoline-powered cars. However, their success depends heavily on the availability of convenient charging options. For people living in apartments or dense urban neighborhoods, access to charging stations is often limited, which continues to slow wider EV adoption. (与汽油动力汽车相比，电动汽车（EV）有助于削减燃料费用并降低排放。然而，电动汽车的成功在很大程度上取决于便捷充电选项的普及程度。对于居住在公寓或人口密集的城市社区的人们来说，充电站的获取途径往往有限，这继续阻碍着电动汽车的更广泛普及)”以及第二段“ To help close this gap, researchers at Penn State designed a framework to develop and assess streetlight-based charging systems as a solution. (为了帮助缩小这一差距，宾夕法尼亚州立大学的研究人员设计了一个框架，以开发和评估基于路灯的充电系统作为解决方案。)”可推知，宾夕法尼亚州立大学研究项目的主要重点是建立高效的电动汽车充电网络。故选C项。 9．细节理解题。根据第四段“To determine demand, the researchers looked at factors including land use, station density, points of interest nearby, and traffic volume and then used the data to train artificial intelligence models to make demand predictions based on these factors. (为了确定需求，研究人员研究了包括土地使用、车站密度、附近兴趣点和交通量在内的因素，然后使用数据训练人工智能模型，根据这些因素做出需求预测。)”可知，研究人员训练人工智能模型进行预测来确定对路灯充电器的需求。故选B项。 10．细节理解题。根据第五段“Compared to traditional EV charging ports, the researchers found that streetlight charger s were much cheaper to set up, since the streetlights already existed. They also found that the streetlight chargers offered significantly faster charging speeds, likely because they draw power from dedicated electrical lines and face less competition from multiple vehicles charging at the same time. (研究人员发现，与传统的电动汽车充电端口相比，路灯充电器的安装成本要低得多，因为路灯已经存在了。他们还发现，路灯充电器的充电速度要快得多，这可能是因为它们从专用的电线中获取电力，因此面临的多辆车同时充电的竞争更少。)”可知，路灯充电器与传统充电端口相比，它们的充电速度快得多。故选A项。 11．推理判断题。根据最后一段“For next steps, the researchers said they would like to build on their models by adding more detailed socioeconomic data and weather information. It will help identify communities with limited EV access or adoption potential, ensuring a fairer setup of facilities. Weather data is also critical, as extreme temperatures can affect battery performance, travel frequency and overall energy demand. (对于下一步，研究人员表示，他们希望通过添加更详细的社会经济数据和天气信息来建立他们的模型。它将有助于确定电动汽车接入或采用潜力有限的社区，确保更公平的设施设置。天气数据也很重要，因为极端温度会影响电池性能、出行频率和整体能源需求。)”可知，研究小组下一步准备用更具体的数据改进他们的模型。故选C项。 【答案】12. D 13. C 14. A 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了发表在《自然·衰老》杂志上的一项研究，该研究分析了不同人群的炎症水平，发现与衰老相关的炎症并非普遍现象。 【详解】12．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“A groundbreaking study recently published in Nature Aging has shed new light on the relationship between inflammation and aging, suggesting that inflammation commonly related to aging, known as “inflammaging”, may not be a universal phenomenon.(最近发表在《自然·衰老》上的一项开创性研究揭示了炎症与衰老之间的新关系，表明与衰老相关的常见炎症，即“炎症衰老”，可能并非普遍现象。)”可知，发表在《自然·衰老》上的研究发现炎症并非普遍现象。故选D项。 13．细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“In contrast, the native Tsimane people of the Bolivian Amazon and the Orang Asli from Malaysia showed no such pattern. Despite high inflammatory markers, the Tsimane experience significantly lower rates of chronic illnesses common in industrialized nations.(相比之下，玻利维亚亚马逊地区的土著齐曼内人和马来西亚的奥朗阿斯利人没有表现出这种模式。尽管炎症标志物水平较高，但齐曼内人患工业化国家常见慢性病的比率要低得多。)”可知，齐曼内人炎症高但慢性病发病率低。故选C项。 14．词句猜测题。根据文章第四段中的“One potential explanation is that the phenomenon may be a byproduct of sedentary lifestyles and high-calorie diets popular in modern societies.(一种可能的解释是，这种现象可能是现代社会中流行的sedentary的生活方式和高热量饮食的副产品。)”以及“In contrast, traditional lifestyles characterized by higher physical activity and diverse diets might lead to a different immune response where inflammation serves a protective role, rather than an unhealthy one.(相比之下，以更高的身体活动和多样化的饮食为特征的传统生活方式可能会导致不同的免疫反应，在这种反应中，炎症起到保护作用，而不是不健康的作用。)”可知，这里将现代生活方式和传统生活方式进行对比，传统生活方式是高体力活动，那么现代生活方式就是体力活动少，即久坐不动的，所以“sedentary”意思是“久坐不动的，缺乏运动的”，选项A“Physically inactive.(身体不活跃的)”符合题意。故选A项。 15．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“The study serves as a critical reminder that our perceptions of aging are shaped by our environments and lifestyles. What has been perceived as a universal truth in the biology of aging may, in fact, reflect local adaptations influenced by cultural practices and health behaviors.(这项研究是一个重要的提醒，即我们对衰老的认知是由我们的环境和生活方式塑造的。在衰老生物学中被认为是普遍真理的东西，实际上可能反映了受文化习俗和健康行为影响的局部适应性。)”可知，文章主要讲述了不同人群的衰老过程受特定环境和生活方式的影响，选项B“Specific contexts shape aging processes across populations.(特定环境塑造了不同人群的衰老过程)”符合题意。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 【答案】16. C 17. F 18. G 19. D 20. A 【导语】这是一篇说明文。批判性思维是一种运用理性分析思想、深入挖掘以达到真正潜能的艺术。这是更好地思考。文中介绍了一些帮助你建立批判性思维基础的技巧和想法：勇于质疑、会移情，为他人着想、与聪明的人相处等。 【16题详解】 本段是对批判性思维的定义。根据空前“It doesn’t mean you’re thinking harder or longer.(这并不是你思考的更久或更长)”可知，批判性思维并不是你思考的更久或更长，空处应是接着进行解释“而是……”，选项C“实际上，它是关于更好地思考”符合语境，“不是……而是……”是一种常用的解释，故选C项。 【17题详解】 根据空后“Then the whole foundation needs to be rebuilt, from the bottom up.(那么整个基础就需要自下而上重建)”可推断，需要重建说明假设是错误的，分析选项，F项“但是如果它们被证明是错误的，或者至少不是完全真实的呢？”符合语境，与后面的整个基础就需要重建是互为条件。故选F项。 【18题详解】 根据本段首句“Never accept authoritative information without your own investigation.”及空前一句“But it also keeps us from getting to the bottom of things we think of as coming from a trustworthy source, even when they don’t.(但它也使我们无法弄清我们认为来自可靠来源的事情的真相，即使事实并非如此)”可知，本段主要讲不要轻信权威，我们认为来自权威来源的信息有时事实并非如此，分析选项可知，G项“所以杂志或网络上发表的内容并不意味着这是真的”符合语境，因为杂志上发表的东西相对是权威性的。故选G项。 【19题详解】 根据本段主题句“Put yourself in other people’s shoes.(设身处地为别人着想)”可知，本段主要讲述要设身处地为别人着想，结合空后“You may find that a little understanding facilitates a deeper insight into other people and their behavior.(你可能会发现，些许的理解有助于更深入地了解他人及其行为)”可知，D项“不理解别人时不要评价别人”与此处语义一致，D项选中的动词understand与空后的名词understanding呼应。故选D项。 【20题详解】 空处是本段主题句，根据本段最后一句“If you are wondering about how to develop critical skills, make friends with smart people and throw away your ego.(如果你想知道如何培养关键技能，和聪明的人交朋友，抛弃你的自负)”可知，本段主要讲要与聪明的人在一起，分析选项可知A项“和比你更聪明的在一起”符合题意。故选A项。 第三部分 语言运用 (共两节，满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. A 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者因搬到新城市后难以交友而感到孤独，于是开始尝试独自户外活动，从中获得了快乐与成长，并逐渐爱上独处的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：只有我自己、几只海鸟，还有一直延伸到地平线的波光粼粼的水面。A. ground地面；B. sand沙子 ；C. light光；D.water水。根据上文“a couple of seabirds”以及下文“to the horizon”可知，作者身处海边或湖边，看到的是水天相接的景象。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：这，我低声对自己说，真是太棒了。A. challenging有挑战的；B. comfortable舒适自在的；C. superb极好的；棒的；D. annoying烦人的。根据下文“bursting with happiness”以及作者对独自户外活动的积极态度可知，作者觉得眼前的景色非常棒。 【23题详解】 考查动词。句意：独自外出以前从未在我脑海中出现过，因为我总是有朋友陪伴。A. crossed穿过；（想法）掠过；B. cleared清除；C. opened打开；D. changed改变。根据下文“because I always had a friend with me”可知，作者以前从未想过独自外出。cross one’s mind为固定搭配，意为“（想法）掠过脑海”。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：但三年前，我搬到了克利夫兰。A. rushed冲；B. moved搬家；C. returned返回；D. drove驾驶。根据下文“Meeting friends in a new city was tough”可知，作者搬到了一个新城市。 【25题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在一个新城市交朋友很难，这让我偶尔感到非常孤独。A. random随机的；B. tough困难的；C. ready准备好的；D.casual随意的 。根据下文“leaving me feeling quite lonely occasionally”可知，在新城市交朋友很困难。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：我去了库雅荷加谷国家公园欣赏秋叶。A. adjust调整；B. pick 捡起；C. admire欣赏；D. catch抓住。根据下文“the autumn leaves”可知，作者去公园是为了欣赏秋叶。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：走了四英里后，我想不起上一次感到如此充满活力是什么时候了。A. ambitious有雄心的；B. delighted欣喜的；C. alive充满活力的；D. powerful强大的。根据下文“I was more aware of my surroundings than I'd ever been”可知，作者感到前所未有的活力。alive在此处表示“充满活力的”。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：我把耳朵集中在每一种森林声音上，做了一件我几乎从不抽空做的事：我倾听自己的想法。A. ears耳朵；B. eyes眼睛；C. heart心；D. hands手。根据下文“each forest sound”可知，作者用耳朵聆听森林的声音。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我的胸口最初因紧张而紧绷，当我终于到达河中央时，却充满了幸福。A. hardly几乎不；B. secretly秘密地；C. directly直接地；D. initially最初。根据下文“was bursting with happiness when I finally reached”可知，作者最初紧张，后来变得开心。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：从焦虑到喜悦的转变令人难以置信。A. shift转变；B. pause暂停；C. reaction反应；D. gap差距。根据上文“from anxiety to joy”可知，这是一种情绪上的转变。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：自从第一次独自远足以来，独自冒险对我来说就像一剂良药。A. gift 礼物；B. medicine药；C. poison毒药；D. food 食物 。根据下文“for my soul”以及作者对独自活动的积极评价可知，独自冒险对作者的心灵有益，像药一样。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：它也促使我走出舒适区，去结识新朋友。A. take in吸收；B.give up放弃；C. put off推迟；D. go beyond超越。根据下文“my comfort zone”可知，作者超越了舒适区。go beyond one’s comfort zone意为“走出舒适区”。 【33题详解】 考查动词。句意：通过社交媒体，我的冒险朋友圈迅速扩大了。A. contracted收缩；B. bloomed开花；C. ballooned膨胀，迅速扩大；D. narrowed变窄。根据上文“to meet new people”以及“Through social media”可知，作者的朋友圈子扩大了。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：但至少每月一次，我会安排时间和大自然亲密接触，和我最喜欢的朋友：我自己。A. home家；B. sports运动；C. work工作；D. nature自然。根据上文“solo hiking”和“kayaking”以及作者对户外活动的描述可知，作者是去亲近自然。hit nature意为“亲近自然”。 【35题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些独自旅行不仅仅是关于锻炼；它们教会了我独处的价值，让我变得比以往任何时候都更强大。A. value价值；B. cost成本；C. reason原因；D.fun乐趣 。根据下文“of my own company and made me stronger than ever before”可知，作者认识到了独处的价值。 第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了刮痧这一中国传统疗法在现代社会的复兴与普及。 36．to 【详解】考查介词。句意：刮痧，一项古老的中国疗法，近年来越来越受欢迎，作为一种整体的养生美容方法，因为它为现代追求健康的人们提供了多种益处。固定搭配 approach to sth，表示 “…… 的方法”，to 为介词。故填to。 37．attracting 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：同时，一些有影响力的人开始在其他一些媒体应用程序上分享他们的刮痧日常，吸引了越来越多全球观众的关注。主句已有谓语 have started，此处无连词，需用非谓语；attract 与前面整件事为主谓关系，是主句动作带来的自然而然的结果，用现在分词作结果状语, 故填 attracting。 38．celebrities 【详解】考查名词单复数。句意：此外，西方美容店和名人也欣然接受这一潮流，开始推崇刮痧或销售相关工具。设空处与Western beauty stores 为并列成分，在句中作主语，应用名词形式；再结合句意可知，此处表示复数概念，应填名词复数形式。故填celebrities。 39．and 【详解】考查连词。句意：事实上，刮痧自明朝以来就在中国流传，人们公认其能缓解肌肉疼痛并改善血液循环。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，have muscle pain relieved 与 improve blood circulation 为并列成分，应用连词and连接。故填and。 40．was used 【详解】考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：起初，它主要用于身体部位，如手臂、腿部和背部；然而，如今它常被用来改善面部皮肤健康。设空处为本句的谓语，根据句中的时间状语 Originally 可知，此处应该用一般过去时；it 指代上文中的 Gua Sha，与 use 之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语 it 是单数，谓语也应用单数形式。故填 was used。 41．facial 【详解】考查词性转换。句意同上。设空处作定语，修饰名词 skin；再结合句意可知，此处表示 “面部的”，应用形容词形式 facial。故填 facial。 42．which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这种疗法使用边缘平滑的工具轻轻刮拭身体部位，这可以促进气血的健康流通。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词 which 引导该从句。故填 which。 43．recognized 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：刮痧，作为一种中医疗法，同时也被视作一种文化实践，因其潜在的健康益处，如今已不可思议地传入西方。分析句子成分可知，句中已有谓语 has found，设空处和谓语之间没有连接词连接，故设空处应用非谓语动词；recognize 与其逻辑主语 Gua Sha 之间是被动关系，应用其过去分词形式作后置定语。故填 recognized。 44．incredibly 【详解】考查词性转换。句意同上。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，此处修饰谓语 has found，意为 “难以置信地”，应用副词作状语。故填 incredibly。 45．a 【详解】考查冠词。句意：毫无疑问，推广中医疗法可能是一个其他人急需的能更多了解中国文化的机会。此处泛指 “一个急需的机会”，应用不定冠词修饰，且 much-needed 的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词 a。故填 a。 第 2 页，共8页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $