Unit1 Nature in the balance Extended reading 语言点 2026-2027学年高中英语译林版必修第三册

Extended reading Language points B3U1 Nature in the balance 词汇派生 Part 1 2 1. __________ adj.完全的→__________ adv.完全地，全部地，极其 2. __________ vt.保护；防御；辩白→__________ n．防御；辩白 →__________ adj. 防御性的；保护的 3. ________ v．变化→__________adj.各种各样的→________ n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体 4. _______ adj.贫穷的→________ n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏 5. __________ n．经济 →__________adj.经济的；可赚钱的→___________ adj.节约的；经济的 →___________ n.经济学家 6. __________vt.污染；毒死 n.毒物，毒药→__________adj.有毒的 entire entirely defend defence defensive economy economic economical economist poison poisonous vary various variety poor poverty 7. __________n.化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→__________n.化学 →__________n.化学家 8. ____________ n.结果，后果；重要性→___________ adj.随之发生的→_____________ adv.因此；所以 9. ________adj.&adv. 远的/地→________ adj.更远的 /地→________ adj.更多的，更近一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进 chemical chemistry chemist consequence consequent consequently far farther further 4 重点短语 Part 2 5 1. _______________________摆脱，丢掉，扔弃 L13 2.________________________抗议 L15 3.________________________把...与...联系起来 L17-18 4. in defence of L19 ____________________________ 5. point out L20 ________________________________ 6. the amount of L20 ____________________________ 7. be concerned about L22 _______________________ 8. take measures to do sth. L22-23 __________________ get rid of 为……辩护；保卫…… 对......关心 protest against connect......with...... 指出 ......的数量 采取措施做某事 9. even though L24 _______________________________ 10. draw one’s attention (to) L25 ____________________ 11. on the rise L28 ________________________________ 12. search for L29 _________________________________ 13. deal with L30 _________________________________ 14. hand in hand L36_______________________________ 15. lift sb. out of L48 _______________________________ 16. It’s our duty to do sth. L50 ________________________ 把某人从.....拉出来，使某人摆脱...... 手拉手地；联合; 携手 尽管，虽然 吸引某人的注意力 在上升 寻找 处理，应对 做某事是我们的责任 词汇练习 Part 3 8 1. Then heavy industry factories moved in, and things became entirely different. (L10-11) 后来重工业工厂搬进来了，情况就完全不同了。 entirely adv.   完全地，全部地，完整地 entire adj. 全部的，整个的，全体的，完整的 1) I _________ (entire) agree with you that protecting the environment is everyone’s responsibility. 2) She has spent her ________(entirely) life in London. entirely entire 2. People tend to connect factories with pictures of clouds of dirty smoke and irresponsible businessmen eager to make huge profits. (L17-19) 人们总是将其与浓烟滚滚的画面和急于牟取暴利、不负责任的商人形象联系在一起。 profit n.&v. 利润；收益；(得到)好处 make/earn a profit (from) （从......中）盈利 profitable adj. 有利可图的；有益的 1) You can profit ______my mistakes and avoid them yourself. 2) It would be more __________ (profit) to combine the two factories. from profitable 3. In defence of the factories, however, I’d like to point out that we also try to control the amount of pollution we produce. (L19-21) 不过，为工厂说句公道话，我想指出的是我们也在努力控制所产生的污染量。 defence n. 防御，保护；防守；辩护；国防 in defence of /in one’s defence 为……辩护；保卫…… defend v. 保卫；防守；辩护；维护 defend… against/from… 保卫……免受……伤害 【语境运用】完成句子。 1) They were fighting like lions in defence ________ their homeland. 2) The team’s strong _________ (defend) was the key to their victory(胜利) in the final match. 3) The PLA (中国人民解放军) defends our motherland ___________ being attacked. defence of from/against 4. We’ve been taking various measures, including the use of new technologies, to reduce pollution in the production process, even though these measures raise our production costs. (L22-25) 我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减 少生产过程中产生的污染，尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。 process n. 过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt. 加工；处理 in the process of doing sth. 在做某事的过程中 in the process 同时，在……过程中 【语境运用】完成句子。 1) All the vegetables in this market ____________ (process) in a special way to keep them fresh before they are put on sale. 2) The company is ______________ (在……过程中) moving to new offices. are processed in the process of 5. I’d also like to draw your attention to the economic benefits factories have brought to Norgate. (L25-26) 我还想请你们注意工厂给Norgate带来的经济效益。 economic adj. 经济的；经济上的；可赚钱的 economy n. 经济；经济状况 economical adj. 经济的，实惠的；节俭的；精打细算的 【语境应用】完成句子。 1) The country’s rapid __________ (economy) development has attracted many foreign investors(投资者). 2) My mother is very ____________ (economy) and always waits for things to go on sale before she buys them. 3) The country’s ___________ (economic) grew by 6 percent last year, which was higher than expected. economic economical economy 重点句型 Part 4 17 1. Joining us in the studio tonight are James Smith, a local resident; ... (L2-3) 有时候为了强调，可将谓语部分的_________或_________置于句首，从而构成全部倒装 (表语倒装)。 1) 站在教室前面的是我们的班主任。 __________________________________________ 2) Buried in the sands was an ancient village. __________________________________________ Standing in the front of the classroom is our head teacher. 今晚来到演播室的有当地居民詹姆斯 • 史密斯; ... 一个古老的村庄被埋在了这沙地里。 现在分词 过去分词 2. With pollution levels on the rise, the Norgate Environmental Protection Committee is searching for ways to fight the problem. (L28-30） 结构分析：此句是简单句。句中 With pollution levels on the rise 为with 复合结构，在句中作状语。 鉴于污染程度不断加重，诺盖特环境保护委员会正在设法应对这个问题。 with 复合结构作状语的构成 with + 宾语 + doing(表示主动、进行) done(表示被动、完成) to do(表示目的、将来) 介词短语/形容词/副词 单句语法填空 1）With a lot of difficult problems ________(settle), the manager felt worried all the time. 2）John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _______ (finish), he gladly accepted it. 3）The day was bright, with a fresh breeze _________ (blow). 4）I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes _____ (fix) on the ceiling. 5）With all the work _____ (do), I won’t have time to go out. to settle finished blowing fixed to do 语法填空 Part 5 22 Three guests James Smith,Vincent Brown, and Julie Archer are invited to the TV show News that Matters.The topic is pollution in Norgate.Norgate’s rapid development has had significant 1._____________(environment) costs. Mr Smith protests against heavy industry. From Mr Smith’s point of view, after heavy industry 2. __ (move) in, things became 3. __ (entire) different. For health and safety reasons alone, heavy industry has to go. However, Mr Brown holds the idea differently. He speaks in defence 4. _____ factories and factory managers.In his opinion，factories try to control the amount of pollution they produce and factory managers, 5. _ are deeply concerned about the environment, have been taking various 6. (measure) to reduce pollution in 7. _______production process, even though the measures environmental moved entirely of who measures the 23 raise the production costs.As far as Mrs Archer is concerned，the committee has a major role 8. ________ (play) in maintaining air and water quality. Besides, the committee should also work hand in hand with other branches of the government. However, fighting pollution 9._______(have) to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by 10.____________(follow) the golden rule: reduce, reuse and recycle. to play has following 24 $