精品解析：河北衡水中学2026-2027学年度高三年级上学期综合素养评价中期测试英语学科试题

2026-2027学年度高三年级上学期综合素养评价中期测试 英语学科 （满分150分，考试时间120分钟） Ⅰ卷（共95分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What did the speakers do? A. They cleaned the park. B. They reported a storm. C. They took photos. 2. What has the man been doing? A. Checking his neck. B. Reviewing for exams. C. Planning for his vacation. 3. Where did Laura probably lose the necklace? A. In the office. B. In the street. C. In the store. 4. How does the woman probably feel? A. Amused. B. Relaxed. C. Frightened. 5. Why did the woman visit the garden? A. She enjoys gardening. B. She needs to relax. C. She likes flowers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7小题。 6. What did the woman ask the man to do? A. Meet her in the park. B. Take the dog for a walk. C. Do some physical exercise. 7. How is the woman feeling? A. Regretful. B. Grateful. C. Joyful. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10小题。 8. What does Michelle always do first in the morning? A. She reads the news. B. She has breakfast. C. She goes jogging. 9. What do we know about the man? A. He stays up late every day. B. He fails to do exercise as planned. C. He usually spends 20 minutes checking emails. 10. What time does the man usually get up? A. At about 6:40 am. B. At about 7:00 am. C. At about 7:15 am. 听第8段材料，回答第11-13小题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Tourist and guide. 12. Why did Lydia and her family cancel the visit? A. The snow hasn’t stopped. B. The road conditions are bad. C. They have another appointment. 13. What had the man intended to do with Mike and Lily? A. Make a snowman. B. Visit their friends. C. Hug trees. 听第9段材料，回答第14-17小题。 14. What did the woman study at university? A. Design. B. Painting. C. Engineering. 15. What would the artist like his work to inspire in the viewers? A. Their talent in art. B. Their appreciation for life. C. Their unique understanding. 16. How much did the artist sell a piece for last week? A. $10,000. B. $100,000. C. $2,000,000. 17. Why does the woman refuse to sell the artwork? A. The price isn’t high enough. B. She plans to donate it to a museum. C. It is priceless to her in terms of friendship. 听第10段材料，回答第18—20小题。 18. Which city is mentioned as having an aging population? A. Tokyo. B. Dubai. C. London. 19. What solution is proposed for the “last mile” problem? A. Sharing or renting bikes. B. Expanding private car lanes. C. Investing more in self-drive taxis. 20. What is essential to the citizens’ life quality? A. Population structure. B. Social facilities. C. Public transportation. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 2026 Local Letters for Global Change Contest Is Open! The Pulitzer Center invites you to make your voice heard by writing a letter to a local decision-maker that explains the global issue you want them to prioritize, shows how it connects to your local community, and proposes a solution. We want to read and share your letters: tell us, and the world what’s most important to you. Eligibility: We welcome entries from all current K-12 students across the globe. Letters should be written in English and address a topic within one of the Pulitzer Center’s four focus issues: Climate and Environment Global Health Information and Artificial Intelligence Education and Opportunity Entry Guidelines: Choose an issue that is important to your local community and your selected decision-maker would like to address. Your proposed solution should be workable. But you don’t have to reinvent the wheel! Consider advocating for a solution that has been effective elsewhere or is already in progress. The evidence you provide to support your claims should be reliable. You must cite at least one Pulitzer Center news story, but you can also cite evidence from other news sources, academic articles, or reports by organizations and governments. Submit your entry between May 14 and June 16, 2026 to www.pulitzercenter.org/stories, using the contest form. It will request some basic personal and contact information; you can copy your letter directly into the form. Prizes: First place winners: $ 300 to support global community engagement in your classroom Finalists: $ 75 to support global community engagement in your classroom P.S. All entrants will be invited to participate in a Pulitzer Center town hall event, held virtually in August, to share solutions with other students from around the world. 1. What is the contest mainly aimed at? A. Improving students’ writing skills. B. Building bonds among communities. C. Developing students’ global citizenship. D. Publicizing Pulitzer Center’s focus issues. 2. Which theme is most likely to be accepted for the contest? A. The history of a city’s central park. B. Basic theories of artificial intelligence. C. A town’s efforts to reduce plastic waste. D. Tips for better sleep during exam week. 3. What is a must for contestants? A. Selecting the latest topic. B. Inventing a novel solution. C. Posting the entry before June. D. Citing a Pulitzer Center story. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍一项面向全球中小学生的书信写作大赛，说明参赛对象、写作主题、参赛要求、奖品及相关附加活动。 【1题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The Pulitzer Center invites you to make your voice heard by writing a letter to a local decision-maker that explains the global issue you want them to prioritize, shows how it connects to your local community, and proposes a solution.(普利策中心邀请学生给当地决策者写信，阐述需要优先关注的全球性问题，结合本地实际并提出解决办法)”可知，比赛旨在培养学生的全球公民意识，关注全球与本地关联问题。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文中列出的四大参赛主题“Climate and Environment, Global Health, Information and Artificial Intelligence, Education and Opportunity(气候与环境、全球健康、信息与人工智能、教育与机遇)”可知，小镇减少塑料垃圾属于气候与环境主题，符合比赛要求。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Entry Guidelines中的“You must cite at least one Pulitzer Center news story, but you can also cite evidence from other news sources, academic articles, or reports by organizations and governments.(参赛者必须至少引用一篇普利策中心的新闻报道，也可引用其他可靠资料作为论据)”可知，参赛者必须引用一篇普利策中心相关报道。 B — 3 tablespoons butter — 2 eggs — 2 medium carrots — 1 small white onion — 3 cloves garlic — 4 cups cooked and chilled rice I bet you didn’t read those numbers. I’ll let you in on a secret — I didn’t either. The ingredients above were copied and pasted from the first online search result for “fried rice recipe”. But, without any disrespect to the recipe’s owner, I can tell you it’s wrong. The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories. I learned to cook fried rice on the rickety stool covered in stickers, surrounded by the scents of my Grandma’s apron. We used however much leftover rice we had and a combination of anything and everything sitting in the fridge. The kitchen was always a little messy, but that was part of the fun. Yet I’ve always been more of a baker than a cook. I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing. From a young age, I found comfort in the careful baking recipes in Western cookbooks. But I understand the beauty of spontaneity (即兴) and organic creation. There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe? It’s funny. This may contradict everything I’ve written thus far, but the more I bake, the more I realize perhaps baking is spontaneous too. I don’t always need to weigh my flour beforehand in order to get perfect cookies. My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time. You’d be surprised at how different cupcakes taste when you add an extra egg, and you’d be especially uncertain about my baking skills if you tried my cupcakes that had way too much baking soda (trial and error…). I’m learning to love going with the flow. It’s not mutually exclusive with loving precision, and it’s such an integral part of my culture; I’d be missing out otherwise. Coming to terms with and embracing the unknown is scary, but I assure you: One day, I’ll master my own fried rice. 4. What does the author think of the fried rice recipe? A. It provides inaccurate details. B. It includes too many ingredients. C. It misses the essence of cooking. D. It contradicts the basics of cuisine. 5. The author enjoys baking because of ______. A. her hope to pass recipes on B. her love of precision and detail C. her interest in a different culture D. her desire to honour family traditions 6. The author’s cupcake experiments made her more ______. A. open-minded B. organized C. confident D. clear-headed 7. What can we learn from this passage? A. Fond memories make a dish tasty. B. Precision and creativity are inseparable. C. Creativity prospers where rules end. D. Life doesn’t always come with a recipe. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者认为炒饭无固定食谱，靠感觉与回忆制作。她偏爱烘焙的精准，也逐渐接受即兴创作，明白精准与随性可共存，生活本就没有固定配方。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories.(唯一正宗的炒饭做法其实根本就没有固定的步骤。没有具体的用量，没有精确的步骤说明，也没有关于食材在锅中翻炒时间的计时器。有的只是各种气味、感受和回忆)”可知，作者认为这份炒饭的食谱忽略了烹饪的精髓所在。故选C。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing.(我喜欢研究食谱 —— 我享受那种精准操作、捕捉细节、不断调整、找平、称重的过程。)”可知，这位作者喜欢烘焙，因为她对精确性和细节有着浓厚的兴趣。故选B。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time.(我的招牌菜（拿手菜）是纸杯蛋糕，但我每次都尝试使用不同的配方来制作)”以及最后一段“I’m learning to love going with the flow.(我正在学着享受顺其自然的生活方式)”可知，作者的纸杯蛋糕实验让她变得更加开明。故选A。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段“There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe?(当意识到我奶奶的炒饭每次的制作方式都不尽相同时，我感到非常惊喜。而说到底，这不正是生活的样子吗？没有固定的模式，却能创造出独一无二的成果)”可知，文章告诉我们生活并非总是有固定的“配方”可循。故选D。 C Want to lose fat? There’s one method scientifically proven to work: eating a little less food than your body needs to fuel itself each day. Do that, and your body starts using its energy reserves — its stored fat — to make up the deficit. It sounds straightforward. You dutifully keep track of the calories in every meal to make sure your daily intake stays less than your fixed limit, but the number on your weight scale never changes at all. It’s frustrating and disheartening. But there’s good news: you’re not to blame. Recent scientific findings suggest it’s almost impossible to count calories with any degree of accuracy, which explains why trying to lose weight by calorie counting is so hard. It’s not bad maths that trips most of us up, though. Generally, unless you diligently log every ingredient before you eat, humans just aren’t very good at recalling exactly what was on their plate, let alone the handful of snacks they ate without thinking. Given all that, it’s no surprise that studies suggest the average person underestimates their daily consumption by around 30 per cent (roughly 600-750 calories), or about 10 digestive biscuits. The very idea of working out calorie amounts is problematic. And that’s before we even consider the effect your individual biology can have. For instance, a 2023 study tested the outcomes of giving people a high-fibre diet, designed to feed their gut microbes (肠道菌群). With growing microbial communities in their guts, the scientists found that the participants in the study lost a little bit of weight — without eating less or feeling hungry — because they were absorbing fewer calories from their food. “That means, depending on what you eat and how many microbes are thriving (旺盛繁殖) in your gut, some calories are used by you, while others feed the microbes.” says Professor Rosa Brown, a co-author of the study. If all this is starting to make you think that calorie monitoring might be off the menu, you’d be right. 8. What does the underlined word “deficit” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Database. B. Shortfall. C. Nutrition. D. Weight. 9. What makes it hard for dieters to count calories? A. Inaccuracy of intake records. B. Lack of tracking approaches. C. Absence of scientific evidence. D. Complexity of calculation procedures. 10. What can we learn from the 2023 study? A. Calorie absorption may vary. B. Eating less means losing weight. C. Fibre reduces people’s hunger. D. Food calories determine body weight. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Forget the Strict Diet B. Simplify Your Calorie Log C. Skip the Dietary Math D. Adjust Your Diet Structure 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了通过计算卡路里来减肥的方法之所以困难重重，是因为人类难以准确记录饮食摄入，且个体生物学差异（如肠道菌群）会影响卡路里的吸收，因此卡路里监测可能并不可行。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“eating a little less food than your body needs to fuel itself each day. Do that, and your body starts using its energy reserves — its stored fat — to make up the … (每天摄入比身体所需略少的食物。这样做，你的身体就会开始使用其能量储备——储存的脂肪——来弥补……。)”可知，前文提到了(每天摄入比身体所需略少的食物，还提到了你的身体就会开始使用其能量储备，可推理出划线词的含义为“不足”，与B项“Shortfall(不足，短缺)”意思相近。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Recent scientific findings suggest it’s almost impossible to count calories with any degree of accuracy, which explains why trying to lose weight by calorie counting is so hard. It’s not bad maths that trips most of us up, though. Generally, unless you diligently log every ingredient before you eat, humans just aren’t very good at recalling exactly what was on their plate, let alone the handful of snacks they ate without thinking. (近期的科学研究表明，想要精准计算卡路里几乎是不可能的，这也解释了为什么靠计算卡路里减肥如此困难。不过，困扰大多数人的并不是计算失误。一般来说，除非你在进食前认真记录每一样食材，否则人们很难准确回忆起自己盘中究竟吃了什么，更不用说那些不知不觉吃下的少量零食。)”以及“studies suggest the average person underestimates their daily consumption by around 30 per cent (研究表明普通人每天低估约30%的摄入量)”可知，让节食者难以计算卡路里的原因是摄入记录的不准确。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“With growing microbial communities in their guts, the scientists found that the participants in the study lost a little bit of weight — without eating less or feeling hungry — because they were absorbing fewer calories from their food. (随着肠道微生物群落的生长，研究人员发现参与者在没有少吃、也没有感到饥饿的情况下减了一点重，因为他们从食物中吸收的卡路里变少了。)”以及第五段“depending on what you eat and how many microbes are thriving in your gut, some calories are used by you, while others feed the microbes. (取决于你吃什么以及肠道中有多少微生物在旺盛繁殖，有些卡路里被你吸收，有些则喂养了微生物。)”可知，卡路里的吸收因人而异（受肠道菌群影响）。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“It sounds straightforward. You dutifully keep track of the calories in every meal to make sure your daily intake stays less than your fixed limit, but the number on your weight scale never changes at all. It’s frustrating and disheartening. But there’s good news: you’re not to blame. (这听起来简单明了。你认真记录每一餐的卡路里，确保每日摄入量低于设定的上限，可是体重秤上的数字却丝毫不变。这让人倍感沮丧、灰心丧气。不过有个好消息：这并不是你的问题。)”以及最后一段“If all this is starting to make you think that calorie monitoring might be off the menu, you’d be right. (如果这一切让你觉得卡路里监测可能行不通，你是对的。)”可知，本文说的是通过卡路里赤字减肥法却不见效的挫败感，原因是人类回忆饮食不准确，并通过研究证明卡路里吸收受生物学因素影响，末段劝读者别再纠结于卡路里的数字计算，C项“Skip the Dietary Math (跳过饮食数学计算)”最契合主旨。 D If evolution is about survival of the fittest, how did humans become moral creatures? Traditionally, two answers were offered: individuals help their kin, with whom they share genes; or they engage in reciprocity — “I scratch your back and you scratch mine.” Yet neither fully explains what is arguably the core of human morality: the sense of obligation (义务) we feel toward one another. Recently, a new approach has come to the fore. Its key insight is that in social groups where individuals depend on one another for survival, helping others is not merely beneficial but necessary. If I depend on you, it is in my interest to ensure your well-being; more generally, if we all depend on one another, then we must all take care of one another. But how did such interdependence arise? The answer lies in the conditions that forced early humans into increasingly cooperative ways of life, especially in acquiring food. Faced with new ecological pressures, early humans began forming joint goals in hunting and gathering, making cooperation essential for survival. Under such conditions, individuals incapable of forming joint goals or communicating effectively with others and those who were socially uncooperative in their interactions with others were excluded and risked going without food. In this way, strong social selection favored those who were both competent and willing to cooperate. This process reshaped how individuals related to one another. Cooperation was no longer simply advantageous; it carried expectations. Individuals became concerned not only with success but with how they were evaluated by their partners. Helping others, sharing fairly, and fulfilling one’s role thus became matters not just of strategy but of obligation. As human groups grew larger and more complex, these patterns of interaction were gradually formalized into cultural norms (规范), which defined not only the right and wrong way of doing things but also how to treat other people. Over time, the collective goals and shared understanding thus created an “objective” perspective — not “me” but “we” — and morality emerged as a system grounded in a collective sense of what is right and wrong. 12. What does the “new approach” in Paragraph 2 mainly argue? A. Morality is shaped by family bonds. B. Cooperation produces mutual benefits. C. Helping each other is socially expected. D. Survival rests on human interdependence. 13. What initially drove early humans to cooperate? A. Resource pressures. B. Genetic selection. C. Social expectations. D. Interaction patterns. 14. What was the effect of the cooperative process? A. It encouraged individuals to pursue personal gain. B. It turned strategic behavior into a moral obligation. C. It forced individuals to depend on family members. D. It spared group members social evaluation pressure. 15. What is the primary purpose of the text? A. To compare different theories of morality. B. To emphasize ecological pressures on survival. C. To propose a new explanation for moral origins. D. To describe how norms regulate human behavior. 【答案】12. D 13. A 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了关于人类道德起源的新旧观点，重点阐释一种新理论，解读人类道德义务感的形成过程。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“Its key insight is that in social groups where individuals depend on one another for survival, helping others is not merely beneficial but necessary. (其核心观点：在个体相互依存以求生存的社群中，帮助他人不仅有益，更是必需。)”可知，这个新方法主张人类生存建立在彼此相互依存之上。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Faced with new ecological pressures, early humans began forming joint goals in hunting and gathering, making cooperation essential for survival. (面对新的生态压力，早期人类在狩猎采集中确立共同目标，合作成了生存必需。)”可知，资源压力促使早期人类开展合作。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“Helping others, sharing fairly, and fulfilling one’s role thus became matters not just of strategy but of obligation. (帮助他人、公平分享、履行职责，不再只是策略，而成为一种义务。)”可知，合作过程把策略性行为转化为道德义务。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“If evolution is about survival of the fittest, how did humans become moral creatures? (如果进化论是关于适者生存，人类如何演化成拥有道德的生物？)”、第二段“Recently, a new approach has come to the fore. (最近，一种新的研究思路出现)”以及最后一段“Over time, the collective goals and shared understanding thus created an “objective” perspective — not “me” but “we” — and morality emerged as a system grounded in a collective sense of what is right and wrong (久而久之，共同目标与共识催生了客观视角，道德就此形成，它以集体的是非观为基础。)”可知，本文旨在提出道德起源的新解释。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pothos (绿萝) plants are the perfect houseplants. They grow well with little care, although some care will help them grow best. Use the following methods to turn your plants into full and thick ones. The first step in encouraging your pothos plants to grow faster is to provide them with a larger home. ____16____ You can start by removing your plants from their containers. Prepare a new container by placing fresh soil in the bottom. Set your plants on top, and backfill the soil so it covers the roots. Water well. Boom! Your plants have a new home. After transplanting, check the vines (藤蔓) and look for long ones with few leaves. Cutting them back gives you new pieces to grow more plants. Start by removing the lower leaves from each cutting, leaving one or two leaves on the stems (茎). ____17____ This houseplant grows well in either. While large changes like cutting and transplanting help pothos grow thicker and fuller, so do small practices like watering. ____18____ Keep a watering routine, and use your finger to check how wet the soil is before adding more water. If it feels dry about an inch or two deep, it’s time to water; if it’s still slightly wet, wait a little longer to avoid overwatering, which can harm the roots and slow growth. ____19____ Pothos vines appreciate bright indirect light indoors to promote healthy growth. If your window lacks bright indirect sunlight, try using grow lights to help the plants grow in dark rooms. Fertilizing (施肥) also benefits these vines. Be sure to add fertilizer to your pothos following the instructions carefully, as the right amount can help promote healthy growth. ____20____ Your plants will thank you with bright green and shiny leaves that stay on the vines for a long time. A. Place the lower parts in soil or water. B. Then, position the plants closer to light. C. Do so twice a year during the growing season. D. Repotting allows them to have more space and nutrients. E. Yellow or brown leaves and dry soil indicate a thirsty plant. F. Nevertheless, they still appreciate bright light to grow their best. G. Try to keep the stems unhurt, but do not worry if any parts fall off. 【答案】16. D 17. A 18. E 19. B 20. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了让绿萝长得茂密旺盛的多种养护方法，包括换盆、修剪扦插、合理浇水、充足光照以及科学施肥等实用技巧。 【16题详解】 根据前文“The first step in encouraging your pothos plants to grow faster is to provide them with a larger home.(想要绿萝长得更快，第一步就是给它换一个更大的生长环境)”可知，本段围绕更换花盆展开，D选项 “Repotting allows them to have more space and nutrients.(换盆能够让绿萝获得更多生长空间和养分)”承接上文，解释换盆的作用，符合语境。 【17题详解】 根据前文“Start by removing the lower leaves from each cutting, leaving one or two leaves on the stems.(先剪掉扦插枝条下方的叶子，只在茎干上保留一两片叶子)”以及后文“This houseplant grows well in either.(这种植物在两种环境中都能良好生长)”可知，此处介绍扦插的操作步骤，A 选项“Place the lower parts in soil or water.(将枝条下端放入土壤或水中)”承接扦插操作，同时对应后文两种生长环境，衔接自然。 【18题详解】 根据前文“While large changes like cutting and transplanting help pothos grow thicker and fuller, so do small practices like watering.(修剪、换盆这类大调整有助于绿萝长势茂密，浇水这类细节养护同样重要)”以及后文“Keep a watering routine, and use your finger to check how wet the soil is before adding more water.(养成固定浇水习惯，浇水前先用手指检测土壤湿度)”可知，本段介绍合理浇水的方法，E选项“Yellow or brown leaves and dry soil indicate a thirsty plant.(叶片发黄、发枯以及土壤干燥都说明植物缺水)”承接上下文，讲解缺水的判断依据，符合语境。 【19题详解】 根据后文“Pothos vines appreciate bright indirect light indoors to promote healthy growth.(绿萝适宜在室内明亮的散射光环境中健康生长)”可知，本段核心讲述光照对绿萝生长的重要性，B选项“Then, position the plants closer to light.(然后，将植株摆放至靠近光照的位置)”为本段总起句，引出光照养护的内容，符合语境。 【20题详解】 根据前文“Be sure to add fertilizer to your pothos following the instructions carefully, as the right amount can help promote healthy growth.(一定要严格按照说明给绿萝施肥，适量肥料可以促进植株健康生长)”可知，前文提及施肥的注意事项，C选项“Do so twice a year during the growing season.(在生长旺季，每年进行两次施肥即可)”承接上文，补充施肥的频率，与后文施肥带来的良好效果相呼应。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In her late 50s, Gentile had cancer, losing all her hair and wearing a wig (假发). “But I only had one wig — that wig was itchy (发痒的), and it was ____21____,” Gentile said. “So at some point, my hair grew back short and looked sort of like a crew cut (寸头). Then I decided it was time to ____22____ the wig.” Her first time driving to work without the wig, Gentile felt ____23____. As a frequent spokesperson, she worried about how people would ____24____. “I didn’t want the ‘____25____ eyes’ people give you when you’re sick,” Gentile said. “I wanted to keep moving.” She ____26____ at a convenience store to grab some lunch. As she checked the shelves, a woman ____27____ her. “Not everybody could rock a ____28____ like that. You look great,” the woman said. Gentile was ____29____. She managed a “Thank you” before the woman walked away. Then with lunch in hand she went back to her car, letting the words ____30____. “I sat there for a while, ____31____ this wonderful thing she had said to me,” Gentile said. “It really made me feel ____32____, giving me the courage to get started.” Gentile donated the wig and never looked back. She recovered three years later, having no ____33____ of cancer. Thinking back to that ____34____, she credits the woman’s kindness with inspiring her to see others the way that stranger saw her and ____35____ what they might be going through. 21. A. necessary B. annoying C. amusing D. unusual 22. A. change back B. send back C. give up D. clean up 23. A. exposed B. relieved C. lost D. depressed 24. A. complain B. compare C. resist D. respond 25. A. fear B. pity C. doubt D. anger 26. A. wandered B. hesitated C. stopped D. served 27. A. blamed B. joined C. recognized D. approached 28. A. hairstyle B. smile C. dress D. color 29. A. embarrassed B. curious C. shocked D. confused 30. A. escape B. settle C. spread D. shine 31. A. appreciating B. sharing C. explaining D. describing 32. A. beaten B. forgotten C. mistaken D. seen 33. A. impression B. record C. evidence D. case 34. A. suggestion B. encounter C. lesson D. activity 35. A. acknowledge B. tolerate C. avoid D. comment 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. C 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述了50多岁的癌症患者Gentile在化疗脱发后，因假发佩戴不适，决定不再佩戴假发。第一次不戴假发出门时，在便利店偶遇一位陌生女士，对方称赞她的发型很好看。这份善意给了 Gentile 巨大勇气，让她彻底放下假发、战胜病魔。这次偶遇也启发她，学着换位思考，去理解体会他人正在经历的苦难。 【21题详解】 考查形容词‌。句意：“但我只有一顶假发——那顶假发很痒，而且很烦人。”A. necessary必要的；B. annoying烦人的；C. amusing有趣的；D. unusual不寻常的。根据上文“that wig was itchy”可知，and 并列连接两个负面感受，假发发痒，佩戴体验很差，让人烦躁。 【22题详解】 考查动词短语‌。句意：于是我决定放弃这顶假发。A. change back变回；B. send back寄回；C. give up放弃；D. clean up清理。根据下文“Her first time driving to work without the wig”可知，她决定不再使用假发。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：第一次不戴假发开车去上班，Gentile感觉自己暴露在他人目光下。A. exposed暴露的；B. relieved宽慰的；C. lost迷茫的；D. depressed沮丧的。根据上文“Her first time driving to work without the wig”可知，她以从未示人的寸头形象出门，担心被他人异样看待，会有暴露的不安感。 【24题详解】 考查动词‌。句意：作为经常公开发言的人，她很担心人们会作何反应。A. complain抱怨；B. compare比较；C. resist抗拒；D. respond反应。根据上文“Her first time driving to work without the wig”可知，摘掉假发之后，她担心别人看到她真实样子后的反应。 【25题详解】 考查名词‌。句意：“我不想看到人们在你生病时投来的那种怜悯的目光，”Gentile说，“我只想继续正常生活。”A. fear恐惧；B. pity同情；C. doubt怀疑；D. anger愤怒。根据第一段“In her late 50s, Gentile had cancer”可知，身患癌症的人往往会收到旁人怜悯的眼神，Gentile不想被这种特殊对待，只想继续正常生活。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：她在一家便利店停下来，准备买点午餐。A. wandered漫步；B. hesitated犹豫；C. stopped停下；D. served服务。根据下文“to grab some lunch”可知，她是中途停下车走进便利店。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：当她查看货架时，一位女士走向她。A. blamed指责；B. joined加入；C. recognized认出；D. approached走近。根据下文“ “Not everybody could rock a _______ like that. You look great,” the woman said”可知，陌生女士主动靠近和她搭话夸赞。 【28题详解】 考查名词‌。句意：不是每个人都能驾驭那样的发型，你看起来棒极了。A. hairstyle发型；B. smile微笑；C. dress裙子；D. color颜色。根据第二段“looked sort of like a crew cut (寸头)”可知，上文提到Gentile留着寸头，这里夸赞的正是她的短发造型。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：Gentile十分震惊，在那位女士走开前勉强挤出一句“谢谢”。A. embarrassed尴尬的；B. curious好奇的；C. shocked震惊的；D. confused困惑的。根据第三段“ I didn’t want the ‘_______ eyes’ people give you when you’re sick,” ”可知，她原本一直担心旁人投来同情的目光，却意外收到真诚的夸赞，完全没有预料到，因此感到震惊。 【30题详解】 考查动词‌。句意：她拿着午餐回到车里，让那些话语慢慢沉淀下来。A. escape逃离；B. settle沉淀、安顿；C. spread传播；D. shine闪耀。根据下文“I sat there for a while”可知，她回到车里没有立刻离开，而是坐在原地回味刚才的善意，settle在这里表示情绪和话语在心中慢慢平复、沉淀。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：“我在车里坐了一会儿，细细品味她对我说的这番美好的话。”A. appreciating品味、感激；B. sharing分享；C. explaining解释；D. describing描述。根据上文“letting the words _______ .”可知，Gentile十分珍视这份突如其来的善意，坐在车里反复回味这份温暖。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：“这真的让我感觉自己被真正看见，给了我重新出发的勇气。”A. beaten被击败；B. forgotten被遗忘；C. mistaken被误解；D. seen被看见。根据上文““Not everybody could rock a _______ like that. You look great,” the woman said”可知，陌生女士没有用同情的眼光看待她的病，而是直接赞美她的发型，这份认可让Gentile感受到自己作为独立个体被看见，而非一个被同情的病人。 【33题详解】 考查名词‌。句意：三年后她完全康复，体内没有任何癌症的迹象。A. impression印象；B. record记录；C. evidence迹象、证据；D. case案例。根据上文“She recovered three years later”可知，这里指癌症彻底消失，身体里找不到任何患病的痕迹。 【34题详解】 考查名词‌。句意：回想那次相遇，她认为正是这位女士的善意激励了她：学着用那位陌生人看待自己的方式去看待他人，并体谅他们正在经历的困境。A. suggestion建议；B. encounter偶遇；C. lesson课程；D. activity活动。根据上文“She ____at a convenience store to grab some lunch. As she checked the shelves, a woman____ her.”可知，便利店和陌生女士的相遇是一次毫无预兆的偶然碰面。 【35题详解】 考查动词‌。句意：回想那次相遇，她认为正是这位女士的善意激励了她：学着用那位陌生人看待自己的方式去看待他人，并体谅他们正在经历的困境。A. acknowledge承认、体谅；B. tolerate容忍；C. avoid避免；D. comment评论。根据下文“what they might be going through.”可知，Gentile学会了不再用同情的目光看待身处困境的人，而是主动看见并体谅他们正在经历的不易。 Ⅱ卷（共55分） 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Italy has tiramisu, France produces macarons, and Britain is known for pudding. Many countries have ____36____ (represent) desserts. Similarly, China, with its rich history, has developed ____37____ unique mastery of pastries (点心) and sweets. Today, newly opened dessert and pastry shops are growing ____38____ (rapid) in China, while traditional brands continue to engage customers. In 2023, the size of China’s bakery and pastry industry ____39____ (reach) 285.3 billion RMB, making it clear that desserts are an irreplaceable part of the country’s snack culture. Chinese pastries are well-known for their distinctive and diverse styles. For instance, the famous Jingbajian, ____40____ collects eight pastries with unique shapes and flavors, originated in royal ceremonies during the Ming and Qing dynasties before becoming popular among common people. From auspicious (吉祥的) “fu” character cookies to date flower cakes, each pastry is expected ____41____ (express) rich cultural meaning and blessings. The shapes of Chinese pastries often carry profound meanings, ____42____ (adopt) square or circular forms that reflect the ancient view of the universe: round sky and square earth. Squares symbolize ____43____ (stable) and order, while circles represent harmony and completeness. As times change, Chinese desserts have accepted Western baking techniques, innovative ingredients and creative ideas, ____44____ the underlying culinary (食物的) philosophy remains unchanged. _____45_____ (value) like respecting nature, treasuring food, pursuing excellence, and sticking to seasonal harmony still guide the dietary habits of Chinese people. 【答案】36. representative 37. a 38. rapidly 39. reached 40. which 41. to express 42. adopting 43. stability 44. but##yet 45. Values 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍中国点心甜品的发展、文化内涵以及中西烘焙的融合。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：许多国家都有具有代表性的甜点。空格修饰名词desserts，要用形容词作定语；represent的形容词是representative“有代表性的”。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：同样，历史悠久的中国，在点心和甜食方面形成了一种独特的技艺。mastery为可数名词单数，表示“技艺”，此处为泛指，且unique以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：如今，中国新开的甜品点心店正在迅速增长，同时传统品牌继续吸引顾客。此处修饰动词growing，需用副词形式rapidly。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：2023年，中国烘焙糕点行业规模达到2853亿元人民币。时间状语In 2023提示谓语动词使用一般过去时。 【40题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：例如著名的京八件，汇集八种造型口味各不相同的点心，起源于明清宫廷仪式，之后流传到民间。先行词Jingbajian指物，逗号后是非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，用关系代词which引导。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：从寓意吉祥的福字饼到鲜花饼，每一款点心都旨在传递丰富的文化内涵与美好祝福。固定搭配be expected to do sth.“被期望做某事”，不定式作主语补足语。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中国点心的造型往往蕴含深厚寓意，采用方圆形制，反映古人天圆地方的宇宙观。主语The shapes和adopt之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作伴随状语。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意：方形象征稳定与秩序，圆形代表和谐圆满。动词symbolize后接名词作宾语；stable的名词形式是stability“稳定”。 【44题详解】 考查连词。句意：随着时代变迁，中式甜品接纳西方烘焙技术、创新食材与创意理念，但是内在的饮食哲学依旧不变。前后两个分句语义转折，用but或者yet“但是”连接。 【45题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：尊重自然、珍惜食物、追求极致、顺应时节等价值观依旧指引中国人的饮食习惯。后面列举多项价值观念，value“价值观”用复数形式，位于句首首字母大写。 第三节 单词填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 46. What a city — a city that was able to rebuild after the earthquake that ________ (occur) in 1906. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】occurred 【解析】 【详解】句意：多么了不起的一座城市啊——一座在1906年发生的地震后能够重建的城市。根据in 1906可知，地震发生在过去，所以从句谓语动词用一般过去时，occur的过去式为occurred，在定语从句中作谓语。 47. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and ___________(disappoint), the desire to explore the universe did not die. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】disappointment 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：然而，尽管这些灾难带来了许多悲伤和失望，但探索宇宙的愿望并没有消失。空处和sadness并列，需填名词disappointment，作宾语，表抽象概念，不可数。故填disappointment。 48. Tu Youyou, a ________ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】committed 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：屠呦呦，一位有献身精神且有耐心的科学家，出生于中国宁波。提示词修饰名词“scientist”，用形容词committed作定语，意为“有献身精神的”，与形容词patient构成并列关系。故填committed。 49. Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the __________ (basic) of men’s desire to understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】basis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：神秘引发好奇，而好奇是人类渴望理解的基础。根据空前的the及空后的of 可知，此处需用名词形式，形容词basic的名词形式为basis，意为“基础；根据”，固定短语“the basis of”意为“……的基础”。故填basis。 50. They advocate a simple life with an ________ (emphasize) on hard work, family and community. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】emphasis 【解析】 【详解】考查名词。句意：他们倡导一种简单的生活方式，强调勤奋工作、家庭以及社区团结。作宾语，用名词emphasis。故填emphasis。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，本学期作为交换生在英国学习，寄宿在Green夫妇家中。现交换学习即将结束，请你用英语给他们写一封感谢信，内容包括： 表达感谢；1. 分享收获与感悟；2. 邀请来中国做客。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. and Mrs. Green, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. and Mrs. Green, How time flies! My exchange study here is coming to an end, so I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to you. These days, you have treated me just like your own child. You prepared delicious local food for me and patiently helped me with my English whenever I had questions. Thanks to your care, I have adapted to British life quickly. I not only improved my oral English greatly but also learned a lot about British culture and customs. What impresses me most is your kindness and patience. I really cherish the warm time we spent together. I sincerely invite you to visit China in the future. I will show you around and introduce traditional Chinese culture to you. Wish you all the best. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】短文身份为在英国的交换生李华，交换学习即将结束，写信给寄宿家庭Green夫妇，向他们表达谢意，讲述自己在这段时间的收获与感悟，并热情邀请他们有空来中国做客。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 真诚的：sincere → heartfelt 提高：improve → enhance 珍惜：cherish → treasure 传统的：traditional → conventional 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m writing to express my sincere thanks to you. 拓展句：I’m writing this letter because I want to show my sincere gratitude to you. 【点睛】【高分句型1】What impresses me most is your kindness and patience.（运用了what引导的主语从句） 【高分句型2】I really cherish the warm time we spent together.（运用了省略that的限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One late March morning, Cal, a store worker, planned a fishing trip to the Elk River. Strong rain had caused the river to fill up, its current becoming fast and powerful. He forgot to bring the parts to keep his 10-foot kayak (皮艇) balanced, but thought it would be fine. Tall and heavy, Cal eased into the boat, started the motor, and headed across. Midway, rough waves overturned the kayak. One moment he was upright; the next, he was in the icy water, struggling to breathe. His life belt rode up around his throat, choking him. Heavy boots dragged him down. The fast current swept him farther from the boat, and there was no way to reach the bank. Just then, he spotted a thick branch hanging low over the water from a partially underwater tree. Reaching out with all his might, he grabbed it. The tree was firmly rooted — solid and steady, holding him against the current. Numb (麻木的) fingers found the whistle (口哨) on his fishing coat. He blew it with his last strength, praying someone would hear. The icy water was numbing his fingers, and his legs had given out. All he could think of was his wife Maria and their daughter Della. That morning, Johnny, a former soldier and lifeguard, had driven to the river with his four kids. He often kept a thick rope in his car trunk for outdoor activities. He parked on the bank nearby. As he stepped out, sharp whistles cut through the air. Running toward the sound, he shouted, “Hello? Are you okay?” A weak, trembling voice came back: “Not… good.” A warning bell went off in his mind — someone was in trouble. He sprinted (冲刺) to his car, grabbed the thick rope, and ran toward the voice. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. Then he swung the rope over the low branch, and dropped it exactly beside Cal’s shoulder. “Pull it under your arms and hold tight!” he yelled. Cal reached out his cold hand for the rope. He failed to catch it at first, but he tried once more and got it. Quickly he secured it under his arms. Johnny planted his feet firmly against a large rock, leaned back with his full weight, and pulled hard. The rope bit into his palms, but he kept pulling, feeling the current yield inch by inch. Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. He wrapped his coat around Cal. His daughter ran up with a towel. Cal coughed, tears mixing with water. “My family…” he murmured weakly. Johnny gripped his arm firmly and said, “Stay awake for them.” Minutes later, the alarm bell echoed. Medical workers arrived. They checked Cal. As they helped him into the ambulance, he turned to Johnny, voice weak but clear. “I can’t thank you enough. You saved my life.” Johnny gave a nod. “Glad you’re okay. Go home to your family. That’s all that matters.” 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述卡尔雨天独自驾皮艇钓鱼，因装备缺失、水流湍急不幸翻船落水。他凭借树枝勉强支撑、奋力吹哨求救，退役救生员约翰尼听到哨声，果断利用绳索施救，最终成功救起落水的卡尔，挽救了一条生命的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写约翰尼固定绳索、精准抛绳，卡尔几经尝试成功抓绳，约翰尼拼尽全力将其往岸边拖拽。 ②由第二段首句内容可知，第二段可描写约翰尼将卡尔成功救上岸，悉心保暖安抚，救援人员赶到，卡尔由衷致谢，重获新生。 2. 续写线索：固定绳索——抛绳施救——紧抓绳索——奋力拖拽——成功上岸——暖心救助——致谢感恩——重获生机 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①紧握：hold tight/grip firmly ②固定：secure/fix 情绪类 ①虚弱：weak/faint ②坚定：firmly/steady 【点睛】[高分句型 1] Then he swung the rope over the low branch, and dropped it exactly beside Cal’s shoulder.（运用了并列谓语结构，句式流畅紧凑） [高分句型 2] Quickly he secured it under his arms.（运用了副词前置倒装句式，增强画面节奏） [高分句型 3] As they helped him into the ambulance, he turned to Johnny, voice weak but clear.（运用了As引导的时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026-2027学年度高三年级上学期综合素养评价中期测试 英语学科 （满分150分，考试时间120分钟） Ⅰ卷（共95分） 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What did the speakers do? A. They cleaned the park. B. They reported a storm. C. They took photos. 2. What has the man been doing? A. Checking his neck. B. Reviewing for exams. C. Planning for his vacation. 3. Where did Laura probably lose the necklace? A. In the office. B. In the street. C. In the store. 4. How does the woman probably feel? A. Amused. B. Relaxed. C. Frightened. 5. Why did the woman visit the garden? A. She enjoys gardening. B. She needs to relax. C. She likes flowers. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6-7小题。 6. What did the woman ask the man to do? A. Meet her in the park. B. Take the dog for a walk. C. Do some physical exercise. 7. How is the woman feeling? A. Regretful. B. Grateful. C. Joyful. 听第7段材料，回答第8-10小题。 8. What does Michelle always do first in the morning? A. She reads the news. B. She has breakfast. C. She goes jogging. 9. What do we know about the man? A. He stays up late every day. B. He fails to do exercise as planned. C. He usually spends 20 minutes checking emails. 10. What time does the man usually get up? A. At about 6:40 am. B. At about 7:00 am. C. At about 7:15 am. 听第8段材料，回答第11-13小题。 11. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Trainer and trainee. C. Tourist and guide. 12. Why did Lydia and her family cancel the visit? A. The snow hasn’t stopped. B. The road conditions are bad. C. They have another appointment. 13. What had the man intended to do with Mike and Lily? A. Make a snowman. B. Visit their friends. C. Hug trees. 听第9段材料，回答第14-17小题。 14. What did the woman study at university? A. Design. B. Painting. C. Engineering. 15. What would the artist like his work to inspire in the viewers? A. Their talent in art. B. Their appreciation for life. C. Their unique understanding. 16. How much did the artist sell a piece for last week? A. $10,000. B. $100,000. C. $2,000,000. 17. Why does the woman refuse to sell the artwork? A. The price isn’t high enough. B. She plans to donate it to a museum. C. It is priceless to her in terms of friendship. 听第10段材料，回答第18—20小题。 18. Which city is mentioned as having an aging population? A. Tokyo. B. Dubai. C. London. 19. What solution is proposed for the “last mile” problem? A. Sharing or renting bikes. B. Expanding private car lanes. C. Investing more in self-drive taxis. 20. What is essential to the citizens’ life quality? A. Population structure. B. Social facilities. C. Public transportation. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A 2026 Local Letters for Global Change Contest Is Open! The Pulitzer Center invites you to make your voice heard by writing a letter to a local decision-maker that explains the global issue you want them to prioritize, shows how it connects to your local community, and proposes a solution. We want to read and share your letters: tell us, and the world what’s most important to you. Eligibility: We welcome entries from all current K-12 students across the globe. Letters should be written in English and address a topic within one of the Pulitzer Center’s four focus issues: Climate and Environment Global Health Information and Artificial Intelligence Education and Opportunity Entry Guidelines: Choose an issue that is important to your local community and your selected decision-maker would like to address. Your proposed solution should be workable. But you don’t have to reinvent the wheel! Consider advocating for a solution that has been effective elsewhere or is already in progress. The evidence you provide to support your claims should be reliable. You must cite at least one Pulitzer Center news story, but you can also cite evidence from other news sources, academic articles, or reports by organizations and governments. Submit your entry between May 14 and June 16, 2026 to www.pulitzercenter.org/stories, using the contest form. It will request some basic personal and contact information; you can copy your letter directly into the form. Prizes: First place winners: $ 300 to support global community engagement in your classroom Finalists: $ 75 to support global community engagement in your classroom P.S. All entrants will be invited to participate in a Pulitzer Center town hall event, held virtually in August, to share solutions with other students from around the world. 1. What is the contest mainly aimed at? A. Improving students’ writing skills. B. Building bonds among communities. C. Developing students’ global citizenship. D. Publicizing Pulitzer Center’s focus issues. 2. Which theme is most likely to be accepted for the contest? A. The history of a city’s central park. B. Basic theories of artificial intelligence. C. A town’s efforts to reduce plastic waste. D. Tips for better sleep during exam week. 3. What is a must for contestants? A. Selecting the latest topic. B. Inventing a novel solution. C. Posting the entry before June. D. Citing a Pulitzer Center story. B — 3 tablespoons butter — 2 eggs — 2 medium carrots — 1 small white onion — 3 cloves garlic — 4 cups cooked and chilled rice I bet you didn’t read those numbers. I’ll let you in on a secret — I didn’t either. The ingredients above were copied and pasted from the first online search result for “fried rice recipe”. But, without any disrespect to the recipe’s owner, I can tell you it’s wrong. The only true fried rice recipe is no recipe at all. There are no measurements, no exact instructions, no timer for how long something should sizzle in the pan. There are only smells and feelings and memories. I learned to cook fried rice on the rickety stool covered in stickers, surrounded by the scents of my Grandma’s apron. We used however much leftover rice we had and a combination of anything and everything sitting in the fridge. The kitchen was always a little messy, but that was part of the fun. Yet I’ve always been more of a baker than a cook. I enjoy recipes — I enjoy the process of being exact and finding details, adjusting and leveling and weighing. From a young age, I found comfort in the careful baking recipes in Western cookbooks. But I understand the beauty of spontaneity (即兴) and organic creation. There’s something special in realizing that no two recreations of my grandma’s fried rice will ever be the same, and really, isn’t that what life is? Creation, without recipe? It’s funny. This may contradict everything I’ve written thus far, but the more I bake, the more I realize perhaps baking is spontaneous too. I don’t always need to weigh my flour beforehand in order to get perfect cookies. My signature food is cupcake, but I challenged myself to use a different recipe every time. You’d be surprised at how different cupcakes taste when you add an extra egg, and you’d be especially uncertain about my baking skills if you tried my cupcakes that had way too much baking soda (trial and error…). I’m learning to love going with the flow. It’s not mutually exclusive with loving precision, and it’s such an integral part of my culture; I’d be missing out otherwise. Coming to terms with and embracing the unknown is scary, but I assure you: One day, I’ll master my own fried rice. 4. What does the author think of the fried rice recipe? A. It provides inaccurate details. B. It includes too many ingredients. C. It misses the essence of cooking. D. It contradicts the basics of cuisine. 5. The author enjoys baking because of ______. A. her hope to pass recipes on B. her love of precision and detail C. her interest in a different culture D. her desire to honour family traditions 6. The author’s cupcake experiments made her more ______. A. open-minded B. organized C. confident D. clear-headed 7. What can we learn from this passage? A. Fond memories make a dish tasty. B. Precision and creativity are inseparable. C. Creativity prospers where rules end. D. Life doesn’t always come with a recipe. C Want to lose fat? There’s one method scientifically proven to work: eating a little less food than your body needs to fuel itself each day. Do that, and your body starts using its energy reserves — its stored fat — to make up the deficit. It sounds straightforward. You dutifully keep track of the calories in every meal to make sure your daily intake stays less than your fixed limit, but the number on your weight scale never changes at all. It’s frustrating and disheartening. But there’s good news: you’re not to blame. Recent scientific findings suggest it’s almost impossible to count calories with any degree of accuracy, which explains why trying to lose weight by calorie counting is so hard. It’s not bad maths that trips most of us up, though. Generally, unless you diligently log every ingredient before you eat, humans just aren’t very good at recalling exactly what was on their plate, let alone the handful of snacks they ate without thinking. Given all that, it’s no surprise that studies suggest the average person underestimates their daily consumption by around 30 per cent (roughly 600-750 calories), or about 10 digestive biscuits. The very idea of working out calorie amounts is problematic. And that’s before we even consider the effect your individual biology can have. For instance, a 2023 study tested the outcomes of giving people a high-fibre diet, designed to feed their gut microbes (肠道菌群). With growing microbial communities in their guts, the scientists found that the participants in the study lost a little bit of weight — without eating less or feeling hungry — because they were absorbing fewer calories from their food. “That means, depending on what you eat and how many microbes are thriving (旺盛繁殖) in your gut, some calories are used by you, while others feed the microbes.” says Professor Rosa Brown, a co-author of the study. If all this is starting to make you think that calorie monitoring might be off the menu, you’d be right. 8. What does the underlined word “deficit” in paragraph 1 mean? A. Database. B. Shortfall. C. Nutrition. D. Weight. 9. What makes it hard for dieters to count calories? A. Inaccuracy of intake records. B. Lack of tracking approaches. C. Absence of scientific evidence. D. Complexity of calculation procedures. 10. What can we learn from the 2023 study? A. Calorie absorption may vary. B. Eating less means losing weight. C. Fibre reduces people’s hunger. D. Food calories determine body weight. 11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Forget the Strict Diet B. Simplify Your Calorie Log C. Skip the Dietary Math D. Adjust Your Diet Structure D If evolution is about survival of the fittest, how did humans become moral creatures? Traditionally, two answers were offered: individuals help their kin, with whom they share genes; or they engage in reciprocity — “I scratch your back and you scratch mine.” Yet neither fully explains what is arguably the core of human morality: the sense of obligation (义务) we feel toward one another. Recently, a new approach has come to the fore. Its key insight is that in social groups where individuals depend on one another for survival, helping others is not merely beneficial but necessary. If I depend on you, it is in my interest to ensure your well-being; more generally, if we all depend on one another, then we must all take care of one another. But how did such interdependence arise? The answer lies in the conditions that forced early humans into increasingly cooperative ways of life, especially in acquiring food. Faced with new ecological pressures, early humans began forming joint goals in hunting and gathering, making cooperation essential for survival. Under such conditions, individuals incapable of forming joint goals or communicating effectively with others and those who were socially uncooperative in their interactions with others were excluded and risked going without food. In this way, strong social selection favored those who were both competent and willing to cooperate. This process reshaped how individuals related to one another. Cooperation was no longer simply advantageous; it carried expectations. Individuals became concerned not only with success but with how they were evaluated by their partners. Helping others, sharing fairly, and fulfilling one’s role thus became matters not just of strategy but of obligation. As human groups grew larger and more complex, these patterns of interaction were gradually formalized into cultural norms (规范), which defined not only the right and wrong way of doing things but also how to treat other people. Over time, the collective goals and shared understanding thus created an “objective” perspective — not “me” but “we” — and morality emerged as a system grounded in a collective sense of what is right and wrong. 12. What does the “new approach” in Paragraph 2 mainly argue? A. Morality is shaped by family bonds. B. Cooperation produces mutual benefits. C. Helping each other is socially expected. D. Survival rests on human interdependence. 13. What initially drove early humans to cooperate? A. Resource pressures. B. Genetic selection. C. Social expectations. D. Interaction patterns. 14. What was the effect of the cooperative process? A. It encouraged individuals to pursue personal gain. B. It turned strategic behavior into a moral obligation. C. It forced individuals to depend on family members. D. It spared group members social evaluation pressure. 15. What is the primary purpose of the text? A. To compare different theories of morality. B. To emphasize ecological pressures on survival. C. To propose a new explanation for moral origins. D. To describe how norms regulate human behavior. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Pothos (绿萝) plants are the perfect houseplants. They grow well with little care, although some care will help them grow best. Use the following methods to turn your plants into full and thick ones. The first step in encouraging your pothos plants to grow faster is to provide them with a larger home. ____16____ You can start by removing your plants from their containers. Prepare a new container by placing fresh soil in the bottom. Set your plants on top, and backfill the soil so it covers the roots. Water well. Boom! Your plants have a new home. After transplanting, check the vines (藤蔓) and look for long ones with few leaves. Cutting them back gives you new pieces to grow more plants. Start by removing the lower leaves from each cutting, leaving one or two leaves on the stems (茎). ____17____ This houseplant grows well in either. While large changes like cutting and transplanting help pothos grow thicker and fuller, so do small practices like watering. ____18____ Keep a watering routine, and use your finger to check how wet the soil is before adding more water. If it feels dry about an inch or two deep, it’s time to water; if it’s still slightly wet, wait a little longer to avoid overwatering, which can harm the roots and slow growth. ____19____ Pothos vines appreciate bright indirect light indoors to promote healthy growth. If your window lacks bright indirect sunlight, try using grow lights to help the plants grow in dark rooms. Fertilizing (施肥) also benefits these vines. Be sure to add fertilizer to your pothos following the instructions carefully, as the right amount can help promote healthy growth. ____20____ Your plants will thank you with bright green and shiny leaves that stay on the vines for a long time. A. Place the lower parts in soil or water. B. Then, position the plants closer to light. C. Do so twice a year during the growing season. D. Repotting allows them to have more space and nutrients. E. Yellow or brown leaves and dry soil indicate a thirsty plant. F. Nevertheless, they still appreciate bright light to grow their best. G. Try to keep the stems unhurt, but do not worry if any parts fall off. 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 In her late 50s, Gentile had cancer, losing all her hair and wearing a wig (假发). “But I only had one wig — that wig was itchy (发痒的), and it was ____21____,” Gentile said. “So at some point, my hair grew back short and looked sort of like a crew cut (寸头). Then I decided it was time to ____22____ the wig.” Her first time driving to work without the wig, Gentile felt ____23____. As a frequent spokesperson, she worried about how people would ____24____. “I didn’t want the ‘____25____ eyes’ people give you when you’re sick,” Gentile said. “I wanted to keep moving.” She ____26____ at a convenience store to grab some lunch. As she checked the shelves, a woman ____27____ her. “Not everybody could rock a ____28____ like that. You look great,” the woman said. Gentile was ____29____. She managed a “Thank you” before the woman walked away. Then with lunch in hand she went back to her car, letting the words ____30____. “I sat there for a while, ____31____ this wonderful thing she had said to me,” Gentile said. “It really made me feel ____32____, giving me the courage to get started.” Gentile donated the wig and never looked back. She recovered three years later, having no ____33____ of cancer. Thinking back to that ____34____, she credits the woman’s kindness with inspiring her to see others the way that stranger saw her and ____35____ what they might be going through. 21. A. necessary B. annoying C. amusing D. unusual 22. A. change back B. send back C. give up D. clean up 23. A. exposed B. relieved C. lost D. depressed 24. A. complain B. compare C. resist D. respond 25. A. fear B. pity C. doubt D. anger 26. A. wandered B. hesitated C. stopped D. served 27. A. blamed B. joined C. recognized D. approached 28. A. hairstyle B. smile C. dress D. color 29. A. embarrassed B. curious C. shocked D. confused 30. A. escape B. settle C. spread D. shine 31. A. appreciating B. sharing C. explaining D. describing 32. A. beaten B. forgotten C. mistaken D. seen 33. A. impression B. record C. evidence D. case 34. A. suggestion B. encounter C. lesson D. activity 35. A. acknowledge B. tolerate C. avoid D. comment Ⅱ卷（共55分） 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Italy has tiramisu, France produces macarons, and Britain is known for pudding. Many countries have ____36____ (represent) desserts. Similarly, China, with its rich history, has developed ____37____ unique mastery of pastries (点心) and sweets. Today, newly opened dessert and pastry shops are growing ____38____ (rapid) in China, while traditional brands continue to engage customers. In 2023, the size of China’s bakery and pastry industry ____39____ (reach) 285.3 billion RMB, making it clear that desserts are an irreplaceable part of the country’s snack culture. Chinese pastries are well-known for their distinctive and diverse styles. For instance, the famous Jingbajian, ____40____ collects eight pastries with unique shapes and flavors, originated in royal ceremonies during the Ming and Qing dynasties before becoming popular among common people. From auspicious (吉祥的) “fu” character cookies to date flower cakes, each pastry is expected ____41____ (express) rich cultural meaning and blessings. The shapes of Chinese pastries often carry profound meanings, ____42____ (adopt) square or circular forms that reflect the ancient view of the universe: round sky and square earth. Squares symbolize ____43____ (stable) and order, while circles represent harmony and completeness. As times change, Chinese desserts have accepted Western baking techniques, innovative ingredients and creative ideas, ____44____ the underlying culinary (食物的) philosophy remains unchanged. _____45_____ (value) like respecting nature, treasuring food, pursuing excellence, and sticking to seasonal harmony still guide the dietary habits of Chinese people. 第三节 单词填空（共5小题，每小题1分，共5分） 46. What a city — a city that was able to rebuild after the earthquake that ________ (occur) in 1906. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. However, while such disasters brought much sadness and ___________(disappoint), the desire to explore the universe did not die. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Tu Youyou, a ________ (commit) and patient scientist, was born in Ningbo, China. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Mystery creates wonder and wonder is the __________ (basic) of men’s desire to understand. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. They advocate a simple life with an ________ (emphasize) on hard work, family and community. (所给词的适当形式填空) 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 51. 假定你是李华，本学期作为交换生在英国学习，寄宿在Green夫妇家中。现交换学习即将结束，请你用英语给他们写一封感谢信，内容包括： 表达感谢；1. 分享收获与感悟；2. 邀请来中国做客。 注意：1. 词数80左右；2. 可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Dear Mr. and Mrs. Green, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 52. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 One late March morning, Cal, a store worker, planned a fishing trip to the Elk River. Strong rain had caused the river to fill up, its current becoming fast and powerful. He forgot to bring the parts to keep his 10-foot kayak (皮艇) balanced, but thought it would be fine. Tall and heavy, Cal eased into the boat, started the motor, and headed across. Midway, rough waves overturned the kayak. One moment he was upright; the next, he was in the icy water, struggling to breathe. His life belt rode up around his throat, choking him. Heavy boots dragged him down. The fast current swept him farther from the boat, and there was no way to reach the bank. Just then, he spotted a thick branch hanging low over the water from a partially underwater tree. Reaching out with all his might, he grabbed it. The tree was firmly rooted — solid and steady, holding him against the current. Numb (麻木的) fingers found the whistle (口哨) on his fishing coat. He blew it with his last strength, praying someone would hear. The icy water was numbing his fingers, and his legs had given out. All he could think of was his wife Maria and their daughter Della. That morning, Johnny, a former soldier and lifeguard, had driven to the river with his four kids. He often kept a thick rope in his car trunk for outdoor activities. He parked on the bank nearby. As he stepped out, sharp whistles cut through the air. Running toward the sound, he shouted, “Hello? Are you okay?” A weak, trembling voice came back: “Not… good.” A warning bell went off in his mind — someone was in trouble. He sprinted (冲刺) to his car, grabbed the thick rope, and ran toward the voice. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 On spotting Cal in the water, Johnny instantly secured one end of the rope to the car trunk. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Within reach, Johnny stepped forward, grabbed his collar, and dragged him ashore. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $