上海复旦大学附属中学2025-2026学年第一学期高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A   1. where    2. was founded    3. after    4. a    5. being destroyed    6. to drive    7. built    8. What    9. broke    10. Though/Although/While Section B   11. G    12. E    13. A    14. C    15. B    16. I    17. F    18. J    19. K    20. D II. Reading Comprehension Section A   21. D    22. A    23. C    24. A    25. D    26. B    27. A    28. B    29. D    30. D    31. B    32. C    33. C    34. A    35. B Section B   36. D    37. A    38. B    39. B             40. C    41. B    42. C             43. C    44. A    45. D    46. B Section C   47. D    48. F    49. A    50. C III. Summary Writing 51. A new review argues that intensive, high-yield farming restricted to smaller areas (land sparing) better conserves global biodiversity than wildlife-friendly farming. However, scientists warn that intensification creates pollution spillovers and causes wildlife decline. To restore nature effectively, experts advocate shifting towards sustainable diets with less meat and less food waste. IV. Translation 52. We shouldn't start the project until we address these issues. 53. This essay explains why TV should be kept out of reach of babies. 54. We have decided to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. 55. Even if putting forward the suggestion at the conference risked being dismissed, the employee thought twice and decided to take the risk. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Editor, New Year's resolutions are notoriously difficult to keep, but my resolution to read for at least thirty minutes daily is one that I have successfully maintained. This positive habit has significantly broadened my horizons. Initially, I encountered various obstacles. The demands of my heavy academic workload often left me exhausted, making me vulnerable to the temptations of digital entertainment and procrastination. What propelled me to persevere was the establishment of a sustainable routine and the tangible progress I made. By tracking my reading time in a journal, I cultivated a strong sense of self-discipline and derived immense satisfaction from my achievements. In conclusion, the key to my success lies in consistent self-discipline and the intrinsic joy derived from the activity. I firmly believe that perseverance is the cornerstone of personal growth. Yours, Li Ming 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2025学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Adventure Abroad Four students from National University have recently returned from Africa, 1         they participated in development projects with local residents in rural areas. For 10 weeks, these young people worked in Zimbabwe and Botswana as members of a program called Raleigh International. Raleigh International, which 2          (found) in 1984, gives young people a chance to do volunteer work while experiencing other countries and their cultures. The program, named 3         the explorer Sir Walter Raleigh, encourages young people to help others and work in difficult settings. More than 30,000 students from a variety of cultures and backgrounds have volunteered in 4         total of 40 countries. Marisa Silvestri, 20, a business major, traveled to Zimbabwe to work with a group in the Mavuradonha Wilderness Area. Their first project was helping farmers build electric fences to protect their crops from 5          (destroy) by elephants. When elephants entered the village one night, the students joined with farmers 6          (drive) them away and preserve the fields. Silvestri's group also constructed small cottages for tourists to stay in, 7          (build) in the local style. Saeed Mohammed, also 20 and an engineering major, joined another group in Zimbabwe. His group carried out a survey of health problems in several villages and taught children about good health habits. 8         impressed Saeed was that the kids were so curious about the Raleigh International students that after the health lessons, they asked them questions about “everything else under the sun”. Saeed's group also worked to build foot trails (小径) through the forest. While they were out working in the bush, a fire 9          (break) out, destroying eight kilometers of forest. The students fought to bring the fire under control, sleeping only 45 minutes during the two days. In Botswana, two 19-year-old students, Lakeishia Young and David Min, helped to build a clinic and a meeting hall in a small village. 10         they didn't face angry elephants, they said the building work was much harder than they expected. “It was a great learning experience,” Young said. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. imagine   B. precisely   C. reason   D. reinvent   E. relative   F. social   G. survive   H. theoretically   I. traces   J. transmission   K. build Three things that make us human All species on Earth, including humans, are unique. Yet our intelligence and creativity go well beyond those of any other animal. Humans have long communicated through language, and invented ever more complex tools that have enabled our species to 11         and develop. ➢Our brains Without doubt, the human trait (特征) that sets us apart the most from the animal kingdom is our extraordinary brain. Humans don't have the largest brains in the world--those belong to sperm whales. We don't even have the largest brains 12         to body size--many birds have brains that make up more than 8% of their body weight, compared to only 2.5% for humans. Yet the human brain, which weighs about three pounds when fully grown, gives us the ability to 13         and think on our feet beyond the capabilities of the rest of the animal kingdom. It gave us the 14         of Einstein, Mozart and many other geniuses. ➢Language Many species communicate with vocal sounds. But language is a special form of communication. Full language, with rules for combining sounds into words, and words into sentences, probably originated at some point about 50,000 years ago. But we will probably never know 15         when and where language originated. Fossils, DNA evidence, comparisons with other animals, and studies of how languages change over time all provide clues, but spoken language itself leaves few 16         . It most likely evolved from a simpler form of communication. Chimpanzees use both gestures and vocal calls to communicate status and other complex 17         information. It is possible that our ancestors also expressed themselves first with gestures or simple words, then developed rules for linking them into sentences. ➢Learning from each other Our unique brains and dexterity (灵巧) of our hands make maximizing use of tools possible, but we also rely on the cultural 18         of ideas. Culture is at the heart of being human. We put our heads together, we share ideas, and learn from each other, recognizing a past, a present, and a future. We learn from the past, 19         on this in the present, and expect the future. Without culture, each new generation would be forced to 20         the wheel. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Could you eat your pet guinea pig? In recent years, that question has become a classic example in cultural anthropology (人类学) classes that relate to the 21         nature of our attitudes towards food. Think about it. On one side of the great Guinea Pig Divide stand Andean cultures, who have long treated the furry creature as a nutritious source of food. On the other side are European and US cultures, where the animal is 22         considered a beloved pet. While western children would doubtlessly react with 23         to the idea of eating these little creatures, to some cultures in Ecuador and Peru it seems equally strange to cherish them as pets, 24         , how we treat guinea pigs is one of the many small ways in which we define our sense of what exactly is considered “exotic (异国风味的)”. As any anthropology class will also teach you, 25         others as “exotic” or “weird”, because of food or anything else, also makes it easier to demonise (妖魔化) them. However, there is another side to this. Culture can often be more 26         than we realise, particularly in a globalised age. Gideon Lasco, an anthropologist from the Philippines, has been studying the issue of how and why Andean cultures eat guinea pigs. His research starts by 27         that this food is a social divider not just between Andean cultures and the West, but also inside of countries such as Peru. Some Andean cultures have eaten guinea pigs, known as cuy, for centuries. But in recent decades, urban Peruvians have 28         , knowing that westerners view the practice in a negative light. More recently, however, notes Lasco, two striking 29         have emerged. First, some western tourists have started to view eating guinea-pig dishes as 30         . While globalisation has already brought dishes from around the world into western supermarkets, chopped guinea pig is not yet 31         in Walmart, hence its value as an “experience”. Second, some educated Peruvians have also become more interested in defining and championing what makes them 32         in a globalised world by creating a new form of cuy cuisine in Lima. “As eating ‘local’ becomes more fashionable around the world, wealthier people have been 33         time-honoured foods,” Lasco writes. Those furry creatures are no longer just a sign of global 34         but of cultural flexibility. This may not, however, make western kids feel any better about the idea of their pets being cooked. But the issue should help them (and adults) to 35         that our assumptions need not be set in stone, or cages. 21. A. physical B. interactive C. local D. subjective 22. A. generally B. accordingly C. inadequately D. previously 23. A. delight B. relief C. horror D. understanding 24. A. In other words B. What's more C. Even so D. On the contrary 25. A. striking B. deleting C. helping D. labelling 26. A. difficult B. flexible C. relevant D. restricted 27. A. noting B. doubting C. demanding D. complaining 28. A. appeared B. stopped C. succeeded D. fainted 29. A. contrasts B. designs C. options D. trends 30. A. memorable B. stable C. reliable D. fashionable 31. A. out of stock B. on sale C. in need D. without delay 32. A. similar B. useful C. unique D. definite 33. A. reprocessing B. excluding C. rediscovering D. replacing 34. A. differences B. tendencies C. responsibilities D. competitions 35. A. pretend B. recognise C. imagine D. object Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） Sometimes a stranger can significantly improve our day. A pleasant encounter with someone we don't know, even a nonverbal exchange, can comfort us when no one else is around. It may get us out of our own heads--a proven mood booster--and help broaden our perspective. “People feel more connected when they talk to strangers, like they are part of something bigger,” says Gillian Sandstrom, a psychologist and senior lecturer at the University of Essex who studies interactions between strangers. In research studies, Sandstrom has found that people's moods improve after they have a conversation with a stranger--say, a Starbucks barista, a volunteer at a museum, or the person next to them in line. Overall, people report that they are happier on days when they have more interactions with acquaintances (泛泛之交) they don't know well. And yet most of us resist talking to people we don't know or barely know. We feel upset about the mechanics of the conversation--how to start, maintain, or stop it. We think we will blather on and disclose too much, or not talk enough. We worry we will bore the other person. We're typically wrong. Sandstrom's research shows that people underestimate how much another person will like them when they talk for the first time. In a study in which she asked participants to talk to at least one stranger a day for five days, 99 percent said they had found at least one of the exchanges pleasantly surprising, 82 percent said they'd learned something from one of the strangers, 43 percent had exchanged contact information, and 40 percent had communicated with one of the strangers again. Scientists believe there may be an ancient reason why humans are able to enjoy interacting with strangers. To survive as a species, we need to mate outside our own gene pool, so we may have evolved to have both the social skills and the motivation to be with people who are not in our tribe. You don't even have to talk to complete strangers to reap the benefits. Multiple studies show that people who interact regularly with passing acquaintances or who engage with others through community groups, religious gatherings, or volunteer opportunities have better emotional and physical health and live longer than those who do not. 36. According to the passage, most people are______ to talk with strangers. A. disappointed B. eager C. relieved D. unwilling 37. The figures in paragraph 5 are meant to illustrate that______. A. people feel better than expected after talking with strangers B. people may disclose too much if they communicate with strangers C. people should leave a good impression while talking with strangers D. people underestimate their ability to start a conversation with strangers 38. According to the passage, which statement are scientists most likely to agree with? A. Our social skills are declining with evolution. B. We enjoy interacting with strangers by nature. C. We prefer to communicate with strangers non-verbally. D. Our motivation to interact with strangers varies across cultures. 39. What conclusion can be drawn from the passage? A. Strangers are kinder than we think. B. Random interactions can be meaningful. C. We should be careful when talking with strangers. D. Interactions with acquaintances may not benefit us. （B） The Great Barrier Reef Full Day Dive Experience a full-day Great Barrier Reef diving adventure taking you to Bait Reef-an intermediate to advanced dive site. We offer dive options on our purpose-built vessel that serve certified divers, as well as intro dives for first timers. Includes: 2 hours cruising each way with informative commentary 3.5 hours on location minimum Visit at least 2 different locations around Bait Reef Lunch, morning and afternoon tea Certified Divers-Need to know: You must produce your certification card and/or log book at the time of booking Your full day experience includes two dives at the reef • Divers must complete a Dive History & Medical Registration form Price includes all equipment hire • You will be guided by our experienced Divemasters or Instructors As some of our dive locations are advanced dive sites you may be required to complete a refresher programme if your last dive was more than 12 months ago. Please discuss this at time of booking. Discover Scuba Diving for First Time Divers-Need to know: Please allow two days in a row to complete the Discover Scuba Diving. The day prior to your Great Barrier Reef cruise, you will need to complete a pool training session on Hamilton Island (transfers included) You must be 14 years and over, be able to swim and pass a medical questionnaire at the time of booking Your full day experience includes one dive at the reef and one snorkelling session, a second dive is subject to weather and availability, and cost is additional $59pp* Pricing: First Time Divers: $450 First time divers must be 14 years and over. Additional dive subject to availability $59 pp Certified Divers: $450 Adult Minor (12-14 years) $300 PADI ReActivate Refresher Programme $98 pp Pool Refresher Programme $69 pp Please confirm departure days at the time of booking *pp: per person 40. If you have booked a full-day dive adventure successfully, you will need to A. prepare your own lunch B. bring your own diving equipment C. present your diving certification upon booking D. take a medical examination half a month before 41. What must a first-time diver know if he wants to book this trip? A. He must get his certification first. B. He has to finish a two-day training course. C. A second dive is definitely available. D. The training session is free of charge. 42. If a 28-year-old certified diver, who had his last dive two years ago, has booked this full-day diving trip and hopes to dive at some advanced dive sites, he needs to pay at least______. A. $398 B. $450 C. $548 D. $598 （C） When antibiotics (抗生素) first became available, farmers used them freely. Now scientists know that the overuse of antibiotics can cultivate drug-resistant bacteria that are dangerous to human health. Among debates over what kinds of restrictions should be put in place, figuring out how antibiotic-resistant bacteria evolve and make their way to humans remains an area of intense interest. Jo Handelsman is tracing one such pathway that, as she puts it, travels from “farm to table.” Handelsman, a microbiologist who is now associate director for science at the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy, looked into dairy cows, which are often treated with antibiotics and produce manure (排泄物) that farmers use on their crops. In addition to nutrients, that fertilizer may harbor antibiotic-resistant bacteria--a problem because the bacteria can come into contact with plants that are finally shipped to supermarkets and sometimes eaten raw. To find out how those antibiotic-resistant bacteria come to exist, Handelsman and her colleagues at Yale University added manure from a nearby Connecticut farm to raised beds of soil in 2013. In this case, the manure specifically came from cows that were not treated with antibiotics. The researchers unexpectedly found that there were more soil bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes when they were grown with the manure than when they were grown with synthetic nitrogen-based fertilizer--even though the cows were drug-free. Previous research has found that manure from pigs treated with antibiotics contains resistant bacteria, but the cow-pie results suggest there are more factors promoting resistance besides antibiotic use. Something about manure itself may encourage naturally resistant bacteria to increase. The findings should not, however, give the impression that resistance is everywhere, notes Lance Price, a microbiologist at George Washington University (who was not involved in the study). “We can control this. There's very clear evidence that when we turn off the antibiotic tap, we bring down drug-resistant bacteria,” says Lance. Next on the farm-to-table schedule, Handelsman will test whether radishes grown in soil treated with cow manure are capable of taking up resistant genes from bacteria through their vascular system (循环系统). “They have veins (血管) just like us,” she says. “We don't have any evidence yet that they're taking up the bacteria, but it's a really interesting possibility.” 43. What does Jo Handelsman's research focus on? A. How antibiotics make their way onto our table. B. What restrictions should be put to antibiotics use. C. How antibiotic-resistant bacteria reach human beings. D. What damage the overuse of antibiotics does to humans. 44. What did Jo's research find? A. Drug-free cows produced manure with antibiotic-resistant bacteria. B. Synthetic nitrogen-based fertilizer did more good to the environment. C. Soil bacteria carrying antibiotic-resistant genes were increasing with time. D. Manure from pigs treated with antibiotics contained fewer resistant bacteria. 45. Lance Price is quoted in the passage in order to A. provide more evidence that drug-resistance bacteria are dangerous B. suggest another possible explanation to the antibiotics problems C. emphasize the importance of feeding cows with no antibiotics D. show that the research findings may not be that worrisome 46. Which of the following statements is Jo most likely to agree with? A. It is very likely that widespread resistance to antibiotics is not inevitable. B. Plants grown in soil fertilized with cow manure may contain drug-resistant genes. C. There is possibility that radishes take up resistant genes wherever they are planted. D. The vascular system plays a key role in guarding radishes against bacteria. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Five-Star luxury meets up-to-date technology A. Technology changes so quickly these days that the hotel has had to try to forecast possible improvements. B. Being part of the hotel site has huge benefits, both for him and the hotel itself. C. The one hundred and forty-five bedrooms, large and well-furnished, are both comfortable and welcoming. D. He praises its efficiency and talks enthusiastically of the facilities it offers. E. DVD recorders can also be upgraded when necessary. F. Another hi-tech system controls this essential area of comfort. The five-star Merrion Hotel, which has just opened, is the result of considerable research into customer requirements and nearly two years' work on four large eighteenth-century houses in Dublin. Creating a new hotel in this way has allowed the latest technology to be installed. This has been done for the benefit of staff and guests alike. At the Merrion, General Manager Peter MacCann expects his staff to know the guests by name. However, for details of his guests' preferences, he relies on the hotel's computer system. It can deal with return guests in the extra-special way that is appropriate to a five-star hotel. Though the system cost £250,000 to install, it will pay for itself over time, according to MacCann. 47         For example, a guest who requests certain music CDs during a first stay will find those same CDs ready for him on a return visit. This is thanks to the guest-history facility which allows staff to key in any number of preferences. Hotel guests all over the world frequently complain about room temperature. 48         Guests have the opportunity to change the temperature themselves within three degrees either side of the normal 18°C but, in addition, each individual room can be adjusted by any amount between 14°C and 25°C at the front desk. 49         Extra cables have been laid to handle whatever scientific advances may occur. The televisions are rented rather than bought, so that they can be replaced with more up-to-date models at any time. Despite the presence of all this very up-to-the-minute equipment in the rooms, MacCann says they have tried hard not to make guests feel threatened by the technology. 50         There are, of course, a swimming pool and gym, six conference rooms, two bars and two restaurants, and a beautiful garden at the heart of it all. Aided by technology, the Merrion looks likely to succeed. III. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Intensive farming protects biodiversity A new review says that, to best conserve global biodiversity while feeding a growing human population, agriculture needs to become more intensive rather than more wildlife-friendly. The review, published in the Journal of Zoology, looked at 2,500 species worldwide in a range of agricultural landscapes and found that most species fare better in ‘land sparing’ systems where agriculture is high-yield, intensive and restricted to a smaller area, rather than in ‘land sharing’ systems where the farming itself is more wildlife-friendly but needs more land to produce the same amount of food. The findings challenge the current push for wildlife-friendly agriculture. “We've paid billions for land sharing over the past 30 years in the form of agri-environment schemes,” says the review's author Andrew Balmford of the University of Cambridge. “Land sparing as a strategy makes sense from a science-based perspective,” says Tim Benton, director of the Environment and Society Programme at Chatham House. However, he says an increase in intensive farming would bring its own problems. “Intensification creates spill-overs due to pollution, climate change and pesticide drift, and the market creates needs to turn natural habitat into revenue-generating agriculture.” According to Joanna Lewis, director of policy and strategy at the Soil Association, the world needs less intensive agriculture, not more: “Intensive farming has driven the significant declines of wildlife that we've seen over the last 50 years, so we have to move towards a system where all lands are managed in a way that restores nature.” And that, she says, need not come at the expense of biodiversity: “What makes that possible is shifting towards more-sustainable diets--less meat and less food waste.” IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们应该在项目开始前解决这些问题。(until) 53. 这篇文章解释了为什么婴儿不能看电视。(out of reach) 54. 我们决定把这本书重新出版，作为我们致力于保护世界各地印刷品的一部分。(commitment) 55. 即便在会议上提出这一建议有被开除的风险，这位员工思考再三还是决定冒险一试。(risk) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，在你校英语报读到如下的征文启事。 你一定曾在新年伊始许下“新年计划（New Year's Resolution）”，其中必定有半途而废，也有坚持到底。请通过邮件（发至nyr@233.com）来和我们聊聊你们的新年计划吧！ 你对此话题很感兴趣，写一封邮件投稿，内容须包括：叙述你曾经半途而废或坚持到底的某个新年计划；解释导致你半途而废或促使你坚持到底的原因。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $