Unit 1 People of Achievement Words and Expressions 单词讲解 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语人教版选择性必修第一册

Unit 1 People of Achievement 人教版2019选择性必修第一册 Words and Expressions physiology n. 生理学；生理机能 [ˌfɪziˈɒlədʒi] -(o)logy = 科学或研究的领域 psychology 心理学 biology: 生物学 geology：地质学 sociology：社会学 ecology：生态学 psychologist 心理学家 biologist: 生物学家 geologist：地质学家 sociologist：社会学家 ecologist：生态学家 ________ n. 物理学 ________ adj. 身体的，物理的 ________ n. 物理学家 ________ n. 内科医师 physics physical physicist physician /ˈfɪzɪsɪst/ ______________adj.生理学→__________ n.生理学家 physiological physiologist /saɪˈkɒlədʒi/ crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的=vital=essential=critical [ˈkruːʃl] ①be crucial to/for … ...对…是至关重要的 ②It is crucial that … (should) do… 做某事是至关重要的 虚拟语气 1)紧要关头/关键时刻 the crucial moment 2)决定性的因素 a crucial factor 3)Your determination and hard work are crucial to your career success. 4)It is crucial that we (should) ensure that students are aware of the harm of drugs. crucially adv.关键性地 vital adj. 必不可少的; 极其重要的;充满生机的 [ˈvaɪtl] vitally adv.至关重要地 vitality /vaɪˈtæləti/ n. 活力；生命力；元气 be vital to/for 对…极为重要的 It is vital that…(should) do sth 做某事是十分重要的 It is vital (for sb) to do sth (对某人来说) 做某事…很重要 be of vital importance …是至关重要的 ① Enough sleep is vital ____________ the students’ well-being and health. ② It is vital that we _____________(take) measures to prevent the disease from spreading.  ③As far as I’m concerned, it is vital____________(raise) people’s awareness of environmental protection.  for/to (should)take  to raise commit vt.承诺;忠于；犯(错误、罪行等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入 [kəˈmɪt] committed-committed-committing committed adj. 坚定的，尽心尽力的 commitment n. 承诺，奉献 1. 犯错误/犯罪 2. commit....to...把……投入…… We should commit our time and energy to study. 3. sb. commit oneself to sth. 承诺/致力于做某事 Both sides committed themselves to solving the problem peacefully. 4. sb. be committed to sth. 献身于/致力于做某事 5. make a commitment to (doing)sth 保证/承诺做某事 一位很专注坚定的科学家 a committed and determined scientist commit a mistake/crime 【高考链接】 Leisure crafting requires commitment and goal-setting, but it is still simply leisure. （2026·深圳二模） commit vt.承诺;忠于；犯(错误、罪行等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入 [kəˈmɪt] 其他常用的“献身于；致力于；专心致志于”的表达： ·be devoted to (doing) sth ·be dedicated to (doing) sth ·be absorbed in (doing) sth ·be buried in (doing) sth ·be engaged in (doing) sth ·apply oneself to (doing) sth 牛刀小试 ①You don’t have to commit ____________ (you) to performing the task now; just think about it. ②The old woman is committed to ____________(take) care of the poor children. ③She doesn’t want to make a big emotional ____________(commit) to Steve at the moment. ④There was no doubt that her colleague_____________ (commit) a crime and was put into prison. yourself taking commitment 同义句转换 As she was committed to the project，she seldom played with her children. →_________________________，she seldom played with her children.(用形容词短语作状语改写) Committed to the project committed commit vt.承诺;忠于；犯(错误、罪行等) vi. 忠于; 全心全意投入 [kəˈmɪt] academy n.(艺术、文学、科学等的)研究院,学会,专科院校 [əˈkædəmi] academic /ækəˈdemɪk/ adj.学业的；学术的 学术研究 学业表现 中国科学院 academic research academic performance Chinese Academy of Sciences evaluate vt. 评价；评估=assess [əˈses]: v. 评价; 估算 [ɪˈvæljueɪt] 【高考链接】 Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. （2023·新课标I卷） evaluation n. 评估；评价 (1)evaluate sb. on/by 根据……评价某人 (2)make an evaluation of 对……进行评估 self-evaluation 自我评价 ①It is widely acknowledged that students should be ________ (evaluate) in terms of overall quality. ②The students should rewrite their papers and submit them for their final __________ (evaluate)． ③Don't evaluate people ________ their clothes. evaluated　 evaluation　 by objective n.目标,目的 adj.客观的=aim/purpose/goal [əbˈdʒektɪv] 反：subjective adj.主观的 objectively adv.客观地 object /ˈɒbdʒɪkt/ n. 物体;目标;宾语 /əbˈdʒekt/ vi. 反对 objection n. 反对 with the objective of...目的是…… achieve/meet an objective达到目标 set an objective制定目标 be objective about对……是客观的 object to (doing) sth反对(做)某事 neutral /ˈnjuːtrəl/ adj. 中立的；中性的 property n.性质,特征,财产=characteristic=feature [ˈprɒpəti] 知识产权 (IPR) ： 化学性质/物理性质 药性 我们将加强知识产权保护。 We will strengthen protection of intellectual property rights. intellectual property rights chemical/ physical properties medical properties distinct adj. 清晰的/清楚的; 有区别,不同的 [dɪˈstɪŋkt] ①A be distinct/different from B (in C ) A与B (在C方面) 不同 ②It is distinct that...　 很明显…… distinctly adv. 清楚地，明显 distinction n.[C]差别/区别 [U] 区分/辨别 [U] 优秀/卓越 distinctive adj. 有特色的 1. It is distinct that ...... 明显的是... It is distinct that proper time management is crucial for improving your score. 2. A be distinct from B A与B不同 Chinese culture is distinct from Western culture. 3. make a distinction between A and B 把A和B区分开来 We should learn to make a distinction between right and wrong. distinguish between right and wrong = be different from = It is obvious/apparent/evident that ...... boil v. 沸腾，发怒 n. 沸腾 [bɔɪl] boiled adj. 煮沸的，煮熟的 boiling adj. 沸腾的；激昂的 • boil water 烧水 • boiling water 沸水 • boiled water 凉开水 ① developed / developing countries falling / fallen leaves a retired worker an experienced teacher a learned man ② A watched pot never boils. ③ boil with anger 满腔怒火 分词做定语 心急吃不了热豆腐/欲速则不达 obtain vt. 获得; 贏得vi.存在; 流行=acquire, attain, gain , earn [əbˈteɪn] obtainable adj.可获得的 obtainment n. 取得 获得知识/允许/支持/机会/学位 obtain knowledge/permission/support/an opportunity/one's degree obtain sb.sth.＝obtain sth.for sb.给某人带来某物 obtain sth.by doing sth.通过做某事获得某物 obtain sth.from sb./sth.从某人/物获得某物 obtain sth through... 通过……获得某物 获准进入、加入: get/ obtain an admission to acknowledge vt.承认(属实,权威等)；(公开)感谢 [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] 【高考链接】 Kirsty, the resident café cat, has finally started acknowledging my presence. （2026·深圳二模） 1)With no solid evidence, he refused to acknowledge _______(steal) the lady's purse. 2)He is acknowledged _______ one of the best players in the world. 3)It ______________ (acknowledge) that success never comes out of thin air. ①acknowledge doing /having done sth. 承认做了某事 ②acknowledge A as/to be B 承认A是B ③It's widely/generally/universally acknowledged that… …是大家所公认的 in acknowledgement of ... 为表示对……的感谢；以承认…… acknowledgement n. 承认；感谢 stealing /having stolen as/to be is acknowledged 成功从不会凭空而来。 out of thin air无中生有地无中生有 acknowledge vt.承认(属实,权威等)；(公开)感谢 [əkˈnɒlɪdʒ] ①The country has acknowledged ________________ (take) every means to fight against any possible attack. ②“She is usually acknowledged ________ (be)one of our best artists. ③It's generally acknowledged ________ education shouldn't be measured only by examination results. taking/having taken to be　 that 牛刀小试 defeat n.失败,挫败 vt.击败,战胜 [dɪˈfiːt] (1)认输、接受失败、面临失败：admit/accept/face defeat (2)惜败、惨败: a narrow/ heavy defeat defeat/beat +某人或某个集体 打败某人 win/lose + game/match/race/election/prize suffer defeat 遭受失败 acknowledge/admit/accept defeat 承认失败/认输/接受失败 a narrow victory 险胜 apparently adv. 显而易见; 看来; 显然 [əˈpærəntli] apparent adj.显而易见的；明白易懂的；显然的；表面上 ①It is apparent that… 显然... “显然”的表达还有： It is clear/obvious/distinct/evident that. . . Clearly/Obviously/Distinctly/Evidently. . . (1)He paused, ____________(apparent)lost in thought. (2)Soon, it was apparent to everyone ____________ he couldn’t sing. apparently that insist vi. & vt. 坚持；坚决要求；坚持认为 [ɪnˈsɪst] ①insist on doing sth. 坚持要求做某事 ②insist+that从句时，有两种情况： a.表示“坚持主张/强烈要求”时，从句用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。 b.表示“坚持说/认为”时，从句用陈述语气, 从句谓语按实际需要选择时态。 1)He insisted on ______ (pay) for the meal in return for my assistance. paying 2)(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)What made me scared to death was that my brother insisted using a knife to cut the pumpkin open. 3)He insisted that he (be) healthy，but the doctor insisted that he (take) the medicine. on/upon was (should) take =demand =state insist on = stick to 坚持 wear and tear （正常使用造成的）磨损、损耗、老化 wear-wore-worn v.穿，戴; 蓄留; 流露（表情）; 磨损 tear-tore-torn v.撕/扯/划开; 撕/拔/扯掉 wear n. 磨损；穿着 v. 穿戴；磨损；流露，面带（某种表情）wore-worn She wore a bright smile when she heard the good news. wear out （物）磨损耗尽；使（人）筋疲力尽 worn‑out adj. (物品)破旧的; 磨损的;疲惫不堪的；精疲力竭的 The old bike chain has worn out. The long trip wore me out. tear /teə/n. 裂口，破损 v. 撕破 tore-torn tear /tɪə/n. 眼泪 conclusion n.结论,推论 [kənˈkluːʒn] ①come to/reach/draw a conclusion 得出结论 ②in conclusion 总而言之 conclude vt. 推断出, 得出结论 vi. 结束, 终止 =in a word, in brief, all in all, in short, on the whole, in closing conclude from...从……中得出结论 conclude...with sth/by doing sth 以……结束 to conclude 最后 (1)I insist that the (conclude) he has reached doesn’t make sense at all. (2)He concluded his speech a famous saying，“Where there is a will，there is a way.” conclusion with conclusion n.结论,推论 [kənˈkluːʒn] ① I’ve come to the___________ (conclude) that he’s not the right person for the job. ②When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to conclude it _________ important points. ③What can you conclude_______what he said? ④____________(conclude), I would like to ask a few questions about his personal life, which must be very interesting. ⑤ _____ conclusion, walking is a cheap, safe, enjoyable and readily available form of exercise. conclusion with To conclude In from 牛刀小试 flee vi.&vt.迅速离开,逃跑= escape=run away [fliː] flee from = escape from...　从……逃跑 flee to/into... 逃到/进…… fled-fled-fleeing circumstance n. 条件；环境；境况（常用复数） [ˈsɜːkəmstəns] It is amazing that they did so well ________ the circumstances. Under/In no circumstances _____ I expect that I would meet so many problems when I decided to take the job. under/in the circumstances 在这种情况下 under/In no circumstances 决不，无论如何不 （置于句首，用部分倒装） 无论如何我们都不应该放弃我们的梦想。 ________________________________________________ Under/In no circumstances should we give up our dreams. under/in did If circumstances permit, 如果条件允许的话 in no way/case/ sense=on no account=by no means found vt.创建;建立;把…建立在=establish、set up [faʊnd] founded-founded; founding find-found-found（发现） founder n.创始人;创建者;缔造者 foundation n.地基;基础,根据 be founded in建立于…… be founded on/upon建立在……基础上;(建筑物)建立在……上 lay a (film/solid) foundation for...为……打下(坚实的)基础 The town ___________ (found) by English settlers in 1790. His theory is founded _____ facts. was founded on found vt.创建;建立;把…建立在=establish、set up [faʊnd] 1)Adam Smith is considered one of the ________ (found) of classical economics. 2)Tsinghua University, ________ (found) in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. 3)The builders are now beginning to lay the _____________ (found) for the new school. 4)______________________________ (建于20世纪早期), the school keeps on inspiring children's love of art. founders founded foundation Founded in the early 20th century 牛刀小试 infer vt.推断,推定 [ɪnˈfɜː(r)] inference n.推论；推断 What can we infer from the text?（阅读理解题常见） infer from 从……推断 genius n. 天才；天赋；天资=talent [ˈdʒiːniəs] have a genius for 有...的天赋 天才是1%的灵感和99%的努力。 Genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration. 富有激情 have a passion ___ 热爱;酷爱 be passionate about…对…狂热/酷爱 passion n.酷爱；激情 [ˈpæʃ(ə)n] 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He has a passion Chinese literature, which dates back to his youth. ②One should always be full passion in his life no matter how old he is. ③He played such great passion that no one could compare with him. ④Being good at something and it are not enough. 擅长某件事情并对它情有独钟是不够的。 for of with having a passion for ___________ adj. 热诚的；狂热的 passionate for full of passion /with passion be fond of have a preference for be crazy about be keen on be enthusiastic about have a passion for = _____________ = ______________ = ______________ = ___________________ = ___________________ doctorate n. 博士学位 = doctor’s degree [ˈdɒktərət] take/receive/get/obtain/earn a (one’s) doctor’s degree (in...): 获得博士学位 take/receive/get/obtain/earn a (one’s) doctorate (in...): 获得博士学位 doctor’s degree 博士学位 bachelor’s degree 学士学位 master’s degree 硕士学位 in +专业 extraordinary adj. 非凡的= unusual=remarkable [ɪkˈstrɔːdnri] ordinary adj.普通的，平凡的 类似：curriculum n. 课程—extracurriculum 课外的 come to power (开始)掌权; 上台 The president came to power several years ago, and until now he has been in power for 4 years. He said he was very sorry because it was ______ his power to make the final decision. be in power 当权（表状态） within one’s power 在某人能力范围内 beyond/out of one’s power 在某人能力范围之外/某人力所不能及 have the power to do sth具有做某事的能力/权力 1)After he ___________（当权），the country was becoming richer. 2)With the remarkable development of science and technology，China has become ___________ (power) than ever before. came to power powerful adj.强大的 powerless adj.无能为力的 beyond more powerful consequence n.结果,后果 [ˈkɒnsɪkwəns] 【高考链接】 This shift in eating habits has significant consequences for our health. （2025·新课标II卷） as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence因此；结果　　 as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of 由于……的缘故 take/suffer/bear the consequences of 承担……的后果 be of no/great consequence 无关紧要/非常重要 consequent adj.作为结果的；随之发生的 consequently adv.结果；因此 take up a position 担任; 任职 拿起；开始从事；占据（时间/空间） He takes up a pen and writes down his name. When she graduated, she took up writing. Smart phones not only take up our valuable time, but also do great harm to our health. take off take in take on take over 1.After studying in a medical college for five years, Jane took up her job as a doctor in the countryside. 2.Although basketball took up most of my free time, I didn’t neglect my study. 开始从事 脱掉；起飞；突然成功/腾飞 吸收；理解；欺骗；收留 呈现（新面貌等）；承担 接管 占据 take apart 拆开；拆卸 take down 写下，记下；拆除 encounter vt.偶然碰到,遇到=come across/ run into/run across [ɪnˈkaʊntə(r)] 【高考链接】 For me, it was the first challenge I encountered as an international student in Ireland. （2025·新课标II卷） encounter sb. / problems 遇到某人/问题 have an encounter with... 与...相遇 ①When I first learned to write in English, I (encounter) many challenges. ②We had a frighteningly close encounter a black bear. ③I ran John in the library after work, and we had a long conversation about Hemingway. ④When I in English learning, my teacher will explain them patiently, helping me overcome the difficulties. encountered with across/into encounter problems remarkable adj.非凡的,显著的=outstanding，extraordinary [rɪˈmɑːkəbl] a remarkable achievement/career/talent非凡的成就/事业/才能 make a remark/ remarks on/ about就……发表意见；对……评头品足 make no remark什么也不说；不加评论 remark that...评论 remark on/upon谈论/评论…… remark n．谈论；言论；评述vt.& vi.谈论；评论；说起 remarkably adv.非常；极为；格外；出乎意料地 sum vi.总结,概括 n.金额,款项,总数,总和 [sʌm] __________ n. 总结，概括 __________ v. 总结；概括 summary summarize To sum up, for a healthy heart you must take regular exercise and stop smoking. I had to spend a large sum of money to get it back. to sum up=in sum a large sum of … sum up　　　总结；概括 总之 一大笔…… in a word/in short/in conclusion Thank you！ 37 Words and Expression in Unit 1 人民教育电子音像出版社 普通高中教科书 英语 选择性必修 第一册 2020 vocal 374859.78 $