Unit 2 A Look into the Past 历史遗迹（单元阅读精练）英语新教材人教版九年级下册

Unit 2 A Look into the Past 历史遗迹 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍三星堆红玉髓珠子最新考古研究成果，证实珠子原料产自中国北方燕山、蒙古高原一带，印证古蜀先民和北方存在远距离贸易与文化交流。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍江西南昌海昏侯墓，墓葬偶然被发现且保存完好，出土大量金器、汉代竹简等文物，墓主人为刘贺，现代科技助力研究汉代历史文化。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍清华简里战国时期和马匹相关的竹简文献，记载马匹查验、驯养、骑行指导内容，填补古代马术史料空白，为研究古代马文化提供资料。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍考古学家的日常工作，包含遗址勘探、实验室研究、文物修复清理，赞扬考古工作者辛苦付出，让历史文物重焕生机。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 介绍广西乐业新发现的巨型天坑，讲解喀斯特地貌中天坑的形成原理，说明天坑是动植物、微生物的家园，同时储存珍贵地下水资源。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 介绍宁夏银川贺兰山岩画遗址公园，岩画诞生于文字出现之前，记录古人生活与精神世界，专家持续勘探，当地也积极开展岩画保护工作。 Passage5 选词填空 说明文 介绍三星堆文明消失的谜团，金沙文明被认为是三星堆文化的延续，有学者推测地震引发河道改变导致古蜀人迁徙，但部分谜题依旧没有解开。 Passage6 选词填空 说明文 介绍西安兵马俑，兵马俑原本色彩丰富，出土后颜料极易脱落，考古学家使用特殊材料保护彩绘，还在尝试复原陶俑原本的色彩。 Passage7 语法填空 说明文 介绍彩绘兵马俑，出土后颜料接触空气快速脱落，中外科研人员研发保护材料，努力保存、复原兵马俑原本多彩的样貌。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 介绍辽宁牛河梁红山文化遗址，距今五千多年，玉猪龙是代表性玉器，印证中华文明五千年的悠久历史，是中华文明曙光的代表。 Passage9 任务型阅读 说明文 介绍洛阳博物馆一件两千多年前的铜当卢，外形酷似 Labubu 走红网络，它古时用于马面防护，体现古人非凡的艺术创造力。 Passage1 A new study has found that 3,000-year-old carnelian beads (红玉髓珠子) from the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan, China, did not come from faraway lands.Instead, the red stones came from northern China, near the Yanshan Mountains and the Mongolian Plateau (高原). This shows that the ancient Shu people in southwest China had a long-distance trade network with northern areas more than 1,000 kilometers away. The beads were found in Sanxingdui's sacrificial (祭祀的) pits, which were first discovered in the 1920s. Since 2022, more than 400 sites and over 4,000 artifacts have been unearthed there. Experts said the beads were polished and had drilled holes, showing they were used for a long time. They were buried alongside ivory, gold, and bronze items, which meant they were fantastic objects. Carnelian was valuable in ancient China and a symbol of wealth. Experts have long believed that these beads came from West Asia or South Asia, but a new study showed that the raw material (原材料) of the beads came from northern regions more than 1,000 kilometers north of the Sichuan Basin. Scientists compared them with beads from Gansu, Shaanxi, and Beijing and found they all came from the same northern sources. Researcher Liu Jiancheng said that between 1500 and 1000 BC, Sanxingdui used a wide exchange network reaching northern China and even the Mongolian Plateau. This proved that during the Bronze Age, different parts of China had deep cultural exchanges. The study also built a database that will help discover other valuable resources from Sanxingdui, like bronze, gold, and jade. This will give us a clearer picture of how the ancient Shu civilization connected with other people. 【翻译】 一项新研究发现，中国四川三星堆遗址出土的距今 3000 年的红玉髓珠子并非来自遥远的异域。相反，这些红色石料产自中国北方，燕山山脉与蒙古高原附近。这表明，中国西南地区的古蜀先民，和一千多公里之外的北方地区已经建立起长途贸易网络。 这些珠子出土于三星堆祭祀坑，祭祀坑最早在 20 世纪 20 年代被发现。自 2022 年以来，这里已经发掘出 400 多处遗址、4000 多件文物。专家表示，这些珠子经过打磨、钻孔，说明它们曾经被长期使用。珠子和象牙、黄金、青铜器物一同埋藏，属于珍贵器物。红玉髓在古代中国十分贵重，是财富的象征。此前专家一直认为这些珠子来自西亚或南亚，但这项新研究表明，珠子原料产自四川盆地以北一千多公里的北方区域。科学家将其与甘肃、陕西、北京出土的珠子比对，证实它们来自同一处北方矿源。 研究员刘建成称，在公元前 1500 年至公元前 1000 年，三星堆拥有广阔的交流网络，连通中国北方乃至蒙古高原。这证明青铜时代，中国不同区域之间存在深度的文化交流。该研究还建立了数据库，有助于后续发掘三星堆其他珍贵资源，比如青铜器、金器、玉器，帮助我们更清晰地了解古蜀文明和其他族群的联系。 【长难句分析】 1. A new study has found that 3,000-year-old carnelian beads from the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan, China, did not come from faraway lands. 翻译：一项新研究发现，中国四川三星堆遗址出土的距今 3000 年的红玉髓珠子并非来自遥远的异域。 结构：主句 + `that`引导宾语从句；`3,000-year-old`复合形容词、`from…`介词短语作后置定语修饰 beads。 2. This proved that during the Bronze Age, different parts of China had deep cultural exchanges. 翻译：这证明青铜时代，中国不同区域之间存在深度的文化交流。 结构：主句 + `that`引导宾语从句；`during the Bronze Age`为时间状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. carnelian n. 红玉髓 2. bead n. 珠子 3. ruin n. 遗址；废墟 4. faraway adj. 遥远的 5. plateau n. 高原 6. trade n. /v. 贸易；交易 7. network n. 网络 8. sacrificial adj. 祭祀的 9. pit n. 坑 10. artifact n. 文物 11. unearth v. 发掘，出土 12. polish v. 打磨 13. drill v. 钻孔 14. ivory n. 象牙 15. bronze n. 青铜 16. valuable adj. 珍贵的，有价值的 17. raw material 原材料 18. source n. 来源，矿源 19. exchange n. /v. 交流；交换 20. civilization n. 文明 Passage2 The Haihunhou Tomb, discovered in Nanchang, Jiangxi in 2011, is one of China’s most important and special historical finds. It lies in the southeast of China and holds over 10, 000 wonderful ancient objects that tell unforgettable stories from2, 000 years ago. The tomb was found by chance during local construction (建设). Luckily, it had hardly been stolen or broken, so most objects were still kept in good condition. Inside, researchers found a great deal of shiny gold, including many beautiful coins and fine art pieces. Even more valuable things, like bamboo slips with clear writing from the Han Dynasty, teach us about daily life, laws, and medicine of the ancient people at that time. The tomb belonged to Liu He, who had a short and unusual life. He was an emperor for only 27 days before losing power and later was sent to Nanchang as a marquis (侯爵). His tomb tells the story of his dramatic rise and fall in Chinese history. Scientists used modern technology like 3D scanning to study and protect these old and priceless objects. Their careful and patient work helps us understand Han Dynasty culture much better. It is like a bright and clear window into the great world of ancient China. 【翻译】 海昏侯墓于 2011 年在江西南昌被发现，是中国最重要、最特别的考古发现之一。它位于中国东南部，墓中出土一万多件精美古文物，诉说着两千年前难忘的故事。 这座墓葬是当地施工时偶然发现的。幸运的是，它几乎没有被盗掘、损毁，大部分文物保存完好。考古人员在墓内发现大量金光闪闪的金器，包含许多精美的金饼与工艺品。还有更珍贵的文物，比如字迹清晰的汉代竹简，让我们得以了解古人当时的日常生活、律法与医药情况。 该墓葬主人是刘贺，他的一生短暂而跌宕。他仅在位 27 天就失去皇位，后来被封为侯爵，迁居南昌。这座墓葬记录了他在中国历史上极具戏剧性的起落人生。 科学家运用三维扫描等现代技术研究、保护这些珍贵文物。他们细致耐心的工作，帮助我们更好地了解汉代文化。它就像一扇明亮清晰的窗口，带我们窥见宏大的古代中国世界。 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·天津蓟州·阶段检测）Chinese researchers have discovered the earliest known writings on horses, written on bamboo strips (竹简) dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC). Five bamboo strips related to horses were found by Tsinghua University’s Research and Conservation Center. Experts say these are the earliest organized documents in China covering horse checking, animal care, training, and guidance. Associate Professor Shi Xiaoli said that during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important. The newly shared text about how to guide horses fills a long-time missing part in ancient Chinese writings about how to ride horses. Huang Dekuan, director of the center, noted that horses played an important role in ancient society. Better ways of training and raising horses helped people travel more easily, made the army stronger, supported cultural exchange, and pushed human society to grow. Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding and the raising of animals. It also helps us learn about animal remains and the history of caring for sick animals. 1．When were the horse writings on bamboo strips first created? A．Around the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．During the Warring States Period. D．About 1,000 years ago. 2．Why were horse riding skills important at that time? A．Horses were rare and expensive. B．People rode horses mainly for fun. C．Horses were used only for travel. D．Chariot fighting needed skilled riders. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Horses helped form early Chinese writing. B．Horses were difficult to raise in ancient society. C．Horses played many important roles in ancient China. D．Horses were used only for cultural exchange. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How ancient Chinese cared for sick animals. B．A discovery that helps study ancient horse culture. C．Why bamboo strips were used for writing. D．The development of Chinese farming skills. 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国研究人员发现战国时期关于马匹的竹简文献，阐述了其内容、历史背景及研究价值。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC)”可知，竹简上的文字创作于“战国时期”。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段“during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important”可知，当时战车作战需要熟练的骑手，所以骑马技能很重要。 3．主旨大意题。第四段首句提到“horses played an important role in ancient society”，随后列举了出行、军队、文化交流等作用，概括了“马在古代中国扮演了许多重要角色”。 4．篇章结构题。第一段“Chinese researchers have discovered...”引出发现话题，第二至四段详细介绍竹简内容及马的历史背景，第五段“Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information...”总结研究价值，结构为①/②③④/⑤。 5．主旨大意题。全文围绕清华大学发现的战国竹简中关于马的记载展开，最后一段指出这一发现“gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding”，说明文章主要讲的是一个有助于研究古代马文化的发现。 Passage 2 （26-27九年级上·广东佛山·阶段检测）① What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists? Are they as cool as the characters in some movies? Let’s discover the world of archaeologists. ② Find places. Historical treasures are often hidden underground. To find the right place for digging, archaeologists do surveys to search for signs of ancient sites (遗址), such as broken pieces of ancient tools. It’s hard work. They have to walk across the field in all kinds of weather. Besides, it takes a lot of experience and knowledge to tell an ordinary(普通的) rock from a stone tool. ③ Do research. Archaeologists spend a lot of time in the lab studying the discoveries. With modern technology, it is easier than ever to solve these mysteries. First, they find out the age of the things discovered. They also check human or animal bones to learn how they died and what they ate. ④ Repair and clean. Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways. Bowls and cups are often in pieces, and metal tools are usually covered with rust (铁锈). Before repairing them, archaeologists use X-rays to check the damage. They must be patient and careful so as not to damage their value. ⑤ Though the job can be very tiring or require working long hours in the lab, most archaeologists are proud of their work. It’s their hard work that has brought the lost treasures back to life. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing facts. B．By offering ideas. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．What do archaeologists have to do when finding places? A．They have to repair broken tools. B．They have to study bones in the lab. C．They have to ask local people for help. D．They have to work in different weather conditions. 3．What does the underlined word “damage” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．break B．harm C．change D．hide 4．Which is the right structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Work of Archaeologists B．The Way to Become Archaeologists C．The Search for Historical Treasures D．The Mysteries of Historical Treasures 【答案】1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍考古学家的相关工作；分别从选址、研究、修复清理三个方面介绍考古工作内容。 1．细节理解题。根据第①段语句“What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists? Are they as cool as the characters in some movies?”可知，作者开篇通过提出问题的方式引出文章话题。 2．细节理解题。根据第②段语句“They have to walk across the field in all kinds of weather.”可知，考古学家在寻找遗址地点时，需要在不同的天气条件下开展工作。 3．词语猜测题。根据第④段语句“Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways. Bowls and cups are often in pieces, and metal tools are usually covered with rust.”可知，古物会遭受损坏，damage表达伤害；破损的含义，与harm词义相近。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第①段总起引出考古学家这个话题；第②③④段分别介绍考古工作的三项任务；第⑤段总结考古学家对这份工作的自豪感，文章结构为总—分—总。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，整篇文章围绕考古学家的各项工作展开，介绍考古学家的工作内容。 二、完形填空 Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·辽宁盘锦·期中）阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 meters deep. What did they find at the 1 ? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Leye County is known 3 the “museum of sinkholes” How do sinkholes form? “China has a karst landscape (喀斯特地貌),” Veni told Live Science. “Karst landscapes are made when rainwater 4 through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 5 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Then the top of it falls slowly, 6 huge sinkholes.” Why are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 7 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes. The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40meters tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species (物种) in these caves have never been 8 or described by science until now, said the leader of the exploration (探险) team, Chen Lixin. This is because the sinkholes are separate (分离的) from the outside world. That 9 an environment for new species to form. “Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 10 to 700 million people worldwide,” Veni told Live Science. 1．A．end B．top C．bottom D．start 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．returns B．forms C．climbs D．runs 5．A．luckily B．exactly C．slowly D．heavily 6．A．looking up B．dealing with C．setting off D．turning into 7．A．school B．home C．office D．house 8．A．left B．sold C．saved D．reported 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家在广西乐业县发现的一个新天坑，讲述了天坑的形成过程及重要性。 1．句意：他们在底部发现了什么？一片古老的森林！ end结束；top顶部；bottom底部；start开始。根据前文“It’s 192 meters deep.”可知是在天坑“底部”发现森林，故选C。 2．句意：这个惊人的发现在广西壮族自治区乐业县被发现。 terrible糟糕的；amazing惊人的；early早的；careful仔细的。发现天坑底部的古老森林是“惊人的” 发现，故选B。 3．句意：乐业县以“天坑博物馆”而闻名。 as作为；for为了；to到；with和。固定搭配“be known as”表示“作为……而闻名”，故选A。 4．句意：喀斯特地貌是雨水从地面的小裂缝中流过形成的。 returns返回；forms形成；climbs攀爬；runs流淌。根据“rainwater”和“through little cracks in the ground”可知，雨水在裂缝中“流淌”符合语境，故选D。 5．句意：裂缝慢慢变成隧道，然后变成大洞穴。 luckily幸运地；exactly确切地；slowly慢慢地；heavily沉重地。根据“grow into tunnels and then big caves”可知，天坑形成是长期过程，裂缝“慢慢”变成隧道，故选C。 6．句意：然后它的顶部慢慢塌陷，变成巨大的天坑。 looking up查阅；dealing with处理；setting off出发；turning into变成。根据“huge sinkholes”可知，洞穴顶部塌陷“变成”天坑，故选D。 7．句意：除了看起来很酷，喀斯特洞穴和天坑可以成为各种植物、动物和微生物的家园。 school学校；home家园；office办公室；house房子。固定搭配“be home to”表示“是……的家园”，故选B。 8．句意：我不会惊讶于这些洞穴里的一些物种直到现在都没有被科学记录或描述过。 left离开；sold售卖；saved拯救；reported记录、报道。根据“or described by science until now”可知，物种需要被“记录/报道”后才会被科学认知，故选D。 9．句意：那为新物种的形成提供了环境。 hurts伤害；provides提供；protects保护；helps帮助。固定搭配“provide an environment for”表示“为……提供环境”，故选B。 10．句意：它们为全球7亿人带来水。 rain雨；snow雪；water水；food食物。根据前文“deep stores of underground water”可知天坑带来“水”，故选C。 Passage 4 （2026·宁夏银川·一模）请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了位于宁夏银川的贺兰山岩画遗址公园，讲述了岩画作为古代人类记录生活和精神世界的重要载体，其丰富的内容、分布特点以及专家和保护者为研究和保护这些珍贵文化遗产所做出的努力。 1．句意：任何人都会对岩石上艺术作品和雕刻的数量感到惊讶。 根据语境，岩画数量巨大（后文提到约6000处），人们看到如此多的作品通常会感到惊奇，surprised“惊讶的”符合语境。angry“生气的”、afraid“害怕的”、upset“心烦的”均不符合参观历史遗迹时的正常情感反应。 2．句意：在人类懂得读写之前，这些雕刻就是一本充满信息的书。 岩画记录了古代人的生活、信仰等，相当于一种信息载体，information“信息”符合语境。decisions“决定”、population“人口”、joy“快乐”均不能全面概括岩画作为“书”所承载的历史和文化内容。 3．句意：如今，它们帮助我们了解古人是如何生活的。 此处引导宾语从句，表示生活方式或状态，how“如何”符合语境，即了解古人生活的情形。whether“是否”、which“哪一个”、if“如果/是否”均不符合“了解生活状况”的语义逻辑。 4．句意：公园里的岩石雕刻涵盖了不同的物体，包括动物、植物等。 主语是Rock carvings，宾语是different objects，cover“涵盖/包含”准确描述了岩画内容的广泛性，符合语境。understand“理解”、discover“发现”、receive“接收”均不能恰当表达岩画内容与物体之间的包含关系。 5．句意：“岩石艺术在中国其他许多地方也已被发现，但该公园是唯一一个在单一地点拥有如此多岩石艺术品的地方。” 句中使用了现在完成时has been found，且语境表示“已经”存在的事实，already“已经”常用于肯定句的完成时中，符合语境。yet“还/尚”多用于否定句或疑问句、ever“曾经”、never“从不”均不符合此处强调“已发现”的肯定语气。 6．句意：这有助于游客在一次可能持续一两个小时的旅行中了解更多关于古代艺术的知识。 one or two hours“一两个小时”是固定表达，表示概数，or“或者”符合语境。so“所以”、but“但是”、and“和”均不能连接数字构成此处的时间范围表达。 7．句意：据张先生说，“石头上的历史”是人类在文字被创造出来之前展示精神世界的一种好方式。 根据前文“before human beings knew how to read or write”可知，岩画出现在文字产生之前，before“在……之前”符合历史发展逻辑。with“随着”、by“通过”、after“在……之后”均与事实相反。 8．句意：在过去的几年里，张和他的团队一直在寻找岩画。 后文引用张先生的话“Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing”（有时我们花了一整天却一无所获），说明他们的工作性质是勘探和寻找，searching for“寻找”符合语境。setting up“建立”、discussing with“与……讨论”、worrying about“担心”均不符合野外考古工作的描述。 9．句意：其他专家和当地政府已尽力保护它。 主语是Other experts and the local government（复数，指代第三方），try one’s best是固定搭配，此处应用their“他们的”，符合语境。our“我们的”、your“你们的”、its“它的”均与人称不符。 10．句意：银川世界岩画博物馆已向公众开放，以提高人们保护岩刻的意识。 raise awareness“提高意识”是固定搭配，raise符合语境。cause“引起”、make“制作/使”、choose“选择”均不能与awareness构成地道的“提高意识”搭配。 三、选词填空 Passage 5 （26-27九年级上·浙江金华·阶段检测）请先阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 appear    reason    value    complete    explain    mystery    make    record    however Sanxingdui boomed during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization(文明), so we once knew very little about it. For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery of them is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared suddenly. Hundreds of jade(玉), bronze, and 3 things were broken, burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared 4 . Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation(延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a secret. Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake. He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide(山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony(祭祀仪式)? There is proof suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was done with purpose. That’s what still remains so mysterious. 【答案】1．record 2．mysteries 3．valuable 4．completely 5．appeared 6．However 7．reason 8．explained 9．makes 【导语】本文介绍了三星堆文明相关谜团，专家一直尝试解开三星堆突然消失的原因，有人推测地震是诱因，但依旧存在未解之处。 1．句意：然而，没有关于这个文明的文字记录，所以我们曾经对它了解甚少。written为形容词意为“书面的”，后面需要接名词，record作名词意为“记录”。 2．句意：多年来，专家一直在努力解开三星堆背后的谜团。the后面接名词，根据后文“One big mystery of them”可知谜团不止一个，mystery的复数形式是mysteries。 3．句意：数百件玉石、青铜以及贵重的物品被打碎、焚烧并掩埋。things是名词意为“物品”，前面需要形容词修饰，value的形容词形式valuable意为“珍贵的”。 4．句意：随后这个文明完全消失了。此处修饰动词disappeared需要副词，complete的副词形式completely意为“完全地”。 5．句意：大约同一时期，在距离三星堆约38公里的金沙出现了一个相似的文明。整篇文章为一般过去时，appear的过去式是appeared。 6．句意：然而，这次迁徙的原因仍然是一个秘密。此处表示转折关系，however意为“然而”，位于句首首字母大写，填However。 7．句意：……四川大学研究河流的科学家范念念提出真正的原因可能是一场大地震。actual为形容词意为“真正的”，后面接名词，reason意为“原因”。 8．句意：他解释道“地震可能没有直接摧毁三星堆……”。空格后为直接引语（引号内的内容），是范教授对前面提出的观点进行的具体说明和阐述。“explain”意为“解释、说明”，与“引用某人说的话来阐述观点”这一语境完全吻合。整篇文章为一般过去时，explain的过去式是explained。 9．句意：范教授的想法有道理，但依旧无法解释他们为什么打碎并掩埋珍宝，而不是带走它们。make sense意为“有道理”，主语idea是单数，句子为一般现在时，make使用第三人称单数形式makes。 Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·湖北荆门·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 accident   it   eye   succeed   but   die   discover   challenge   true   sad Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum? Do you know the 1 colors of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army (兵马俑). He hoped that the army would guard him after his 2 . In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by 3 in Xi’an. After that, more than 8,000 clay soldiers were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown. 4 they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 , most of the colors disappeared till today. An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was 6 by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown 7 at that time. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 8 color. First, they sprayed (喷) a kind of special “water” on it. Then, they covered it with plastic (塑料). Archaeologists are facing a new 9 now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they 10 in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers looked like when they were made. It must be very amazing. 【答案】 1．true 2．death 3．accident 4．But 5．Sadly 6．discovered 7．eyes 8．its 9．challenge 10．succeed 【导语】本文主要介绍了兵马俑的颜色，考古学家如何保护这些颜色以及考古学家所面临的一个新挑战。 1．句意：你知道它们真实的颜色吗？根据第二段“they weren’t always this color.”可知，此处询问兵马俑真实的颜色，true“真实的”，形容词作定语，修饰名词colors。故填true。 2．句意：他希望这支军队能在他去世后守护他。根据“He hoped that the army would guard him after his...”可知，兵马俑应该是在秦始皇去世后守护他，his后接名词，die的名词形式是death。故填death。 3．句意：1974年，一些农民在西安偶然发现了几个兵马俑。“by accident”是固定短语，意为“偶然地”，此处指农民偶然发现了兵马俑。故填accident。 4．句意：但它们并非一直是这个颜色。根据“the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown.”和“they weren’t always this color.”可知，横线前后两句之间表示转折关系，所以填but，句首首字母要大写。故填But。 5．句意：遗憾的是，大多数颜色直到今天都消失了。根据“most of the colors disappeared till today.”可知，大多数颜色直到今天都消失了，这是遗憾的，应填sad的副词形式sadly，修饰整个句子，句首首字母大写。故填Sadly。 6．句意：几年前，考古学家发现了一个有一百多个兵马俑的地区。根据“clay soldiers was... by archaeologists”可知，兵马俑被考古学家发现，此处是被动语态，discover的过去分词是discovered。故填discovered。 7．句意：那时，其中很多兵马俑仍然留着黑色的头发、粉红色的脸和黑色或棕色的眼睛。根据“black hair, pink faces”可知，此处与hair、faces并列，应填eye的复数形式eyes。故填eyes。 8．句意：在一个兵马俑被发现后，考古学家用了两步来保持它的颜色。分析句子可知，此处指代前一句中的a clay soldier，应用it；根据“color”可知，此处应填it的形容词性物主代词its，修饰名词color。故填its。 9．句意：考古学家现在正面临一个新挑战。根据“They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again.”可知，此处指面临一个新挑战，challenge“挑战”，a后接可数名词单数形式。故填challenge。 10．句意：如果他们成功做到了，人们就能看到兵马俑被制作出来时的样子。“succeed in doing sth”是固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”，此处是if引导的条件状语从句，从句时态为一般现在时，主语是they，所以谓语用动词原形。故填succeed。 四、语法填空 Passage 7 （26-27九年级上·福建·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Qin Shihuang is a widely known emperor in Chinese history. During his rule, he ordered his men to build a huge army of life-sized terracotta warriors (兵马俑). These, he hoped, would guard him after his 1 (die). Today, the soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown, but they 2 (be) not always this color. They began as an army of red, blue, yellow, green, white, and purple. 3 (sad), most of the colors did not last to the present day. 4 their discovery, these soldiers were protected by being underground. When they were dug out, however, the air caused the coating under the paint to fall off. The paint disappeared in 5 (little) time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history. New technology is used to protect the army’s true 6 (color). Recently, more than a hundred soldiers have been discovered. Many of these still have 7 (they) painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black or brown eyes. Chinese and German researchers have developed a special material to make sure that the colors will be kept. After finding 8 soldier, experts spray (喷洒) it with the material. They then cover it in plastic. Experts are also finding colors in the dirt around Xi’an’s terracotta soldiers. They consider it important not to touch the dirt, so the colors won’t be 9 (lose). The next challenging thing is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back 10 life in full color. 【答案】 1．death 2．were 3．Sadly 4．Before 5．less 6．colors 7．their 8．a 9．lost 10．to 【导语】本文主要介绍了秦始皇兵马俑原本色彩丰富，出土后颜料快速脱落，如今中外专家运用新技术保护陶俑残存色彩，努力复原彩绘兵马俑。 1．句意：他希望这些兵马俑能在他死后守护他。形容词性物主代词his后面需要接名词，die是动词，名词形式为death，表示“死亡”。 2．句意：如今西安兵马俑博物馆里的陶俑是浅棕色的，但它们并不一直是这个颜色。主语they指代陶俑，后面说它们原本有彩色，描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，be动词用were。 3．句意：遗憾的是，大部分色彩没能留存到今天。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词，sad的副词形式是Sadly，放在句首首字母大写。 4．句意：在被发现之前，这些陶俑埋在地下受到保护。根据后文挖出来之后颜料脱落，可知在发掘之前，地下环境保护着它们，before表示“在……之前”，句首大写。 5．句意：颜料消失所用的时间比煮一个鸡蛋还要短，一同消失的还有重要的历史片段。后面出现than，表示比较，little的比较级是less。 6．句意：新技术被用来保护陶俑原本真实的色彩。color此处指多种颜色，用复数colors。 7．句意：其中很多陶俑仍然保留着它们彩绘的特征，包括黑发、粉色脸庞以及黑色或棕色的眼睛。修饰名词短语painted features，要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。 8．句意：专家找到一个陶俑之后，就往上面喷洒这种材料。soldier是可数名词单数，辅音音素开头，表示“一个”，用不定冠词a。 9．句意：他们认为不要触碰泥土很重要，这样颜色就不会丢失。“be+过去分词”构成被动语态，lose的过去分词是lost，表示“被丢失”。 10．句意：一旦实现，艺术家们就能让秦始皇的军队完整地恢复彩色，重获生机。固定搭配bring…back to life，意为“使……复活，使……重获生机”。 Passage 8 （25-26九年级下·辽宁沈阳·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deep in the mountains of Chaoyang, Liaoning, stand two parallel (平行的) stone walls. Between 1 (they), there are big forests. It would be very hard 2 (build) walls in this way even today. So, how did people from over 5,000 years ago do it? These walls are part of the Niuheliang Site (牛河梁遗址), one of the 3 (old) known Chinese civilizations (文明). In 1981, the Niuheliang Site 4 (find) by archaeologists (考古学家). The site dates back to about 5,800 years ago and it is part of the Hongshan civilization in northern China. The finding 5 (make) Chinese history older than we thought by over 1,000 years. As famous archaeologist Su Bingqi put it, “Here we see the dawn (黎明) of China’s 5,000-year civilization.” The Niuheliang Site is like 6 old storybook. It shows where our culture came from and helps us learn more 7 our history. You can find out more about the Niuheliang Site 8 (easy) in the seventh-grade history textbook. Jade Pig-dragon (玉猪龙) is a famous jade artifact (玉器) from the Hongshan civilization. It does not look like a traditional dragon 9 it has a round body and a head that looks like a pig’s. The cute look shows ancient 10 (people) idea of beauty. Some people say it looks like a pig while others think it is a bear. 【答案】 1．them 2．to build 3．oldest 4．was found 5．makes 6．an 7．about 8．easily 9．because 10．people’s 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了辽宁朝阳牛河梁遗址的石墙遗迹、考古发现及其历史意义，并提及红山文明的代表玉器玉猪龙，展现了中国早期文明的曙光。 1．句意：在它们之间有大片森林。介词“Between”后需跟人称代词宾格作宾语，故将主格“they”变为“them”。 2．句意：即便在今天，用这种方式建造石墙也会非常困难。固定句型“It is hard to do sth.”表示“做某事很困难”，此处用不定式“to build”作真正主语。 3．句意：这些石墙是牛河梁遗址的一部分，该遗址是已知最古老的中国文明之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”，故将“old”变为最高级“oldest”。 4．句意：1981年，牛河梁遗址被考古学家发现。主语“the Niuheliang Site”与“find”是被动关系，且时间为1981年，故用一般过去时的被动语态“was found”。 5．句意：这一发现让中国历史比我们原本认为的还要早1000多年。此处将“The finding”视为一个客观事实，强调它至今仍在“让中国历史显得更久远”，用一般现在时，主语“The finding”是单数，“make”变为“makes”。 6．句意：牛河梁遗址就像一本古老的故事书。“old storybook”是单数可数名词，表泛指，且“old”以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词“an”。 7．句意：它展示了我们文化的起源，帮助我们更多地了解我们的历史。固定搭配“learn more about”，表示“更多地了解……”，因此用介词“about”。 8．句意：你可以在七年级历史课本中轻松地找到更多关于牛河梁遗址的信息。修饰动词词组“find out”需用副词，形容词“easy”变为“easily”。 9．句意：它看起来不像传统的龙，因为它有着圆圆的身体和像猪一样的头。后句是前句的原因，需要使用连词“because”引导原因状语从句。 10．句意：这可爱的模样展现了古代人们的审美观念。表示“人们的”，需用名词所有格，“people”的所有格为“people’s”。 五、任务型阅读 Passage 9 （26-27九年级上·山东德州·阶段检测）. Recently, someone shared photos from the Luoyang Museum online and there’s a super interesting discovery! A bronze danglu (铜当卢) from over 2,000 years ago looks just like Labubu! The bronze danglu was found in Luoyang, Henan Province. Ancient people put it on a horse’s face. It had two jobs. First, it protected the horse’s face. Second, it made the horse look very powerful. Back then, if a horse had a bronze danglu, it showed that the owner was rich and important. When people saw the photos, they were too surprised to believe their eyes! The bronze danglu has a round face, big eyes and bright teeth just like Labubu! Some people said, “It’s like the past and present talk to each other!” Kids even joked, “Maybe ancient artists liked making cute toys too!” Now this amazing bronze danglu is on the second floor of the Luoyang Museum. It is not just an old metal piece, but something that reminds you of an item in your life today. Museums are full of such things that show how creative people were long ago and how their art can still make us smile today. Next time you visit a museum, take a close look at the items. You might find ________. 1．When was the bronze danglu made? 2．Where did ancient people put the bronze danglu? 3．How did people feel about the bronze danglu’s looks? 4．What can you learn from the story of the bronze danglu? 5．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 4 with proper words. 【答案】1．Over 2,000 years ago. 2．On a horse’s face. 3．They were too surprised to believe their eyes. 4．Ancient people were very creative. 5．something that reminds you of an item in your life today. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了洛阳博物馆一件2000多年前的铜当卢因外形酷似Labubu在网上走红，这件文物展现了古人的创造力，也成为了连接古代与现代生活的桥梁。 1．根据文章第1段“A bronze danglu (铜当卢) from over 2, 000 years ago looks just like Labubu!”可知，这件铜当卢是2000多年前制作的。 2．根据文章第2段“Ancient people put it on a horse’s face.”可知，古人把铜当卢放在马脸上。 3．根据文章第3段“When people saw the photos, they were too surprised to believe their eyes!”可知，人们对铜当卢的外貌感到非常惊讶。 4．根据文章第4段“Museums are full of such things that show how creative people were long ago and how their art can still make us smile today.”可知，我们可以学到古人非常有创造力。 5．根据文章第4段“It is not just an old metal piece, but something that reminds you of an item in your life today.”可知，下次去博物馆仔细观察展品，你可能会发现能让你想起现代生活中某件物品的东西。 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 2 A Look into the Past 历史遗迹 单元阅读精练 模块 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 时文阅读 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍三星堆红玉髓珠子最新考古研究成果，证实珠子原料产自中国北方燕山、蒙古高原一带，印证古蜀先民和北方存在远距离贸易与文化交流。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍江西南昌海昏侯墓，墓葬偶然被发现且保存完好，出土大量金器、汉代竹简等文物，墓主人为刘贺，现代科技助力研究汉代历史文化。 实战演练 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 介绍清华简里战国时期和马匹相关的竹简文献，记载马匹查验、驯养、骑行指导内容，填补古代马术史料空白，为研究古代马文化提供资料。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍考古学家的日常工作，包含遗址勘探、实验室研究、文物修复清理，赞扬考古工作者辛苦付出，让历史文物重焕生机。 Passage3 完形填空 说明文 介绍广西乐业新发现的巨型天坑，讲解喀斯特地貌中天坑的形成原理，说明天坑是动植物、微生物的家园，同时储存珍贵地下水资源。 Passage4 完形填空 说明文 介绍宁夏银川贺兰山岩画遗址公园，岩画诞生于文字出现之前，记录古人生活与精神世界，专家持续勘探，当地也积极开展岩画保护工作。 Passage5 选词填空 说明文 介绍三星堆文明消失的谜团，金沙文明被认为是三星堆文化的延续，有学者推测地震引发河道改变导致古蜀人迁徙，但部分谜题依旧没有解开。 Passage6 选词填空 说明文 介绍西安兵马俑，兵马俑原本色彩丰富，出土后颜料极易脱落，考古学家使用特殊材料保护彩绘，还在尝试复原陶俑原本的色彩。 Passage7 语法填空 说明文 介绍彩绘兵马俑，出土后颜料接触空气快速脱落，中外科研人员研发保护材料，努力保存、复原兵马俑原本多彩的样貌。 Passage8 语法填空 说明文 介绍辽宁牛河梁红山文化遗址，距今五千多年，玉猪龙是代表性玉器，印证中华文明五千年的悠久历史，是中华文明曙光的代表。 Passage9 任务型阅读 说明文 介绍洛阳博物馆一件两千多年前的铜当卢，外形酷似 Labubu 走红网络，它古时用于马面防护，体现古人非凡的艺术创造力。 Passage1 A new study has found that 3,000-year-old carnelian beads (红玉髓珠子) from the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan, China, did not come from faraway lands.Instead, the red stones came from northern China, near the Yanshan Mountains and the Mongolian Plateau (高原). This shows that the ancient Shu people in southwest China had a long-distance trade network with northern areas more than 1,000 kilometers away. The beads were found in Sanxingdui's sacrificial (祭祀的) pits, which were first discovered in the 1920s. Since 2022, more than 400 sites and over 4,000 artifacts have been unearthed there. Experts said the beads were polished and had drilled holes, showing they were used for a long time. They were buried alongside ivory, gold, and bronze items, which meant they were fantastic objects. Carnelian was valuable in ancient China and a symbol of wealth. Experts have long believed that these beads came from West Asia or South Asia, but a new study showed that the raw material (原材料) of the beads came from northern regions more than 1,000 kilometers north of the Sichuan Basin. Scientists compared them with beads from Gansu, Shaanxi, and Beijing and found they all came from the same northern sources. Researcher Liu Jiancheng said that between 1500 and 1000 BC, Sanxingdui used a wide exchange network reaching northern China and even the Mongolian Plateau. This proved that during the Bronze Age, different parts of China had deep cultural exchanges. The study also built a database that will help discover other valuable resources from Sanxingdui, like bronze, gold, and jade. This will give us a clearer picture of how the ancient Shu civilization connected with other people. 【翻译】 一项新研究发现，中国四川三星堆遗址出土的距今 3000 年的红玉髓珠子并非来自遥远的异域。相反，这些红色石料产自中国北方，燕山山脉与蒙古高原附近。这表明，中国西南地区的古蜀先民，和一千多公里之外的北方地区已经建立起长途贸易网络。 这些珠子出土于三星堆祭祀坑，祭祀坑最早在 20 世纪 20 年代被发现。自 2022 年以来，这里已经发掘出 400 多处遗址、4000 多件文物。专家表示，这些珠子经过打磨、钻孔，说明它们曾经被长期使用。珠子和象牙、黄金、青铜器物一同埋藏，属于珍贵器物。红玉髓在古代中国十分贵重，是财富的象征。此前专家一直认为这些珠子来自西亚或南亚，但这项新研究表明，珠子原料产自四川盆地以北一千多公里的北方区域。科学家将其与甘肃、陕西、北京出土的珠子比对，证实它们来自同一处北方矿源。 研究员刘建成称，在公元前 1500 年至公元前 1000 年，三星堆拥有广阔的交流网络，连通中国北方乃至蒙古高原。这证明青铜时代，中国不同区域之间存在深度的文化交流。该研究还建立了数据库，有助于后续发掘三星堆其他珍贵资源，比如青铜器、金器、玉器，帮助我们更清晰地了解古蜀文明和其他族群的联系。 【长难句分析】 1. A new study has found that 3,000-year-old carnelian beads from the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan, China, did not come from faraway lands. 翻译：一项新研究发现，中国四川三星堆遗址出土的距今 3000 年的红玉髓珠子并非来自遥远的异域。 结构：主句 + `that`引导宾语从句；`3,000-year-old`复合形容词、`from…`介词短语作后置定语修饰 beads。 2. This proved that during the Bronze Age, different parts of China had deep cultural exchanges. 翻译：这证明青铜时代，中国不同区域之间存在深度的文化交流。 结构：主句 + `that`引导宾语从句；`during the Bronze Age`为时间状语。 【重难词汇梳理】 1. carnelian n. 红玉髓 2. bead n. 珠子 3. ruin n. 遗址；废墟 4. faraway adj. 遥远的 5. plateau n. 高原 6. trade n. /v. 贸易；交易 7. network n. 网络 8. sacrificial adj. 祭祀的 9. pit n. 坑 10. artifact n. 文物 11. unearth v. 发掘，出土 12. polish v. 打磨 13. drill v. 钻孔 14. ivory n. 象牙 15. bronze n. 青铜 16. valuable adj. 珍贵的，有价值的 17. raw material 原材料 18. source n. 来源，矿源 19. exchange n. /v. 交流；交换 20. civilization n. 文明 Passage2 The Haihunhou Tomb, discovered in Nanchang, Jiangxi in 2011, is one of China’s most important and special historical finds. It lies in the southeast of China and holds over 10, 000 wonderful ancient objects that tell unforgettable stories from2, 000 years ago. The tomb was found by chance during local construction (建设). Luckily, it had hardly been stolen or broken, so most objects were still kept in good condition. Inside, researchers found a great deal of shiny gold, including many beautiful coins and fine art pieces. Even more valuable things, like bamboo slips with clear writing from the Han Dynasty, teach us about daily life, laws, and medicine of the ancient people at that time. The tomb belonged to Liu He, who had a short and unusual life. He was an emperor for only 27 days before losing power and later was sent to Nanchang as a marquis (侯爵). His tomb tells the story of his dramatic rise and fall in Chinese history. Scientists used modern technology like 3D scanning to study and protect these old and priceless objects. Their careful and patient work helps us understand Han Dynasty culture much better. It is like a bright and clear window into the great world of ancient China. 【翻译】 海昏侯墓于 2011 年在江西南昌被发现，是中国最重要、最特别的考古发现之一。它位于中国东南部，墓中出土一万多件精美古文物，诉说着两千年前难忘的故事。 这座墓葬是当地施工时偶然发现的。幸运的是，它几乎没有被盗掘、损毁，大部分文物保存完好。考古人员在墓内发现大量金光闪闪的金器，包含许多精美的金饼与工艺品。还有更珍贵的文物，比如字迹清晰的汉代竹简，让我们得以了解古人当时的日常生活、律法与医药情况。 该墓葬主人是刘贺，他的一生短暂而跌宕。他仅在位 27 天就失去皇位，后来被封为侯爵，迁居南昌。这座墓葬记录了他在中国历史上极具戏剧性的起落人生。 科学家运用三维扫描等现代技术研究、保护这些珍贵文物。他们细致耐心的工作，帮助我们更好地了解汉代文化。它就像一扇明亮清晰的窗口，带我们窥见宏大的古代中国世界。 Passage 1 （26-27九年级上·天津蓟州·阶段检测）Chinese researchers have discovered the earliest known writings on horses, written on bamboo strips (竹简) dating back over 2,000 years to the Warring States Period (475 BC—221 BC). Five bamboo strips related to horses were found by Tsinghua University’s Research and Conservation Center. Experts say these are the earliest organized documents in China covering horse checking, animal care, training, and guidance. Associate Professor Shi Xiaoli said that during the Warring States Period, people often fought with chariots (战车), so knowing how to ride a horse was very important. The newly shared text about how to guide horses fills a long-time missing part in ancient Chinese writings about how to ride horses. Huang Dekuan, director of the center, noted that horses played an important role in ancient society. Better ways of training and raising horses helped people travel more easily, made the army stronger, supported cultural exchange, and pushed human society to grow. Researchers say that this discovery gives us useful information for studying ancient Chinese horse riding and the raising of animals. It also helps us learn about animal remains and the history of caring for sick animals. 1．When were the horse writings on bamboo strips first created? A．Around the Tang Dynasty. B．In the Han Dynasty. C．During the Warring States Period. D．About 1,000 years ago. 2．Why were horse riding skills important at that time? A．Horses were rare and expensive. B．People rode horses mainly for fun. C．Horses were used only for travel. D．Chariot fighting needed skilled riders. 3．What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph? A．Horses helped form early Chinese writing. B．Horses were difficult to raise in ancient society. C．Horses played many important roles in ancient China. D．Horses were used only for cultural exchange. 4．What would be the best structure of the passage? A．①/②③④/⑤ B．①②③④/⑤ C．①②/③④/⑤ D．①/②③④⑤ 5．What is the passage mainly about? A．How ancient Chinese cared for sick animals. B．A discovery that helps study ancient horse culture. C．Why bamboo strips were used for writing. D．The development of Chinese farming skills. Passage 2 （26-27九年级上·广东佛山·阶段检测）① What comes to mind when you think of archaeologists? Are they as cool as the characters in some movies? Let’s discover the world of archaeologists. ② Find places. Historical treasures are often hidden underground. To find the right place for digging, archaeologists do surveys to search for signs of ancient sites (遗址), such as broken pieces of ancient tools. It’s hard work. They have to walk across the field in all kinds of weather. Besides, it takes a lot of experience and knowledge to tell an ordinary(普通的) rock from a stone tool. ③ Do research. Archaeologists spend a lot of time in the lab studying the discoveries. With modern technology, it is easier than ever to solve these mysteries. First, they find out the age of the things discovered. They also check human or animal bones to learn how they died and what they ate. ④ Repair and clean. Ancient objects can be damaged in different ways. Bowls and cups are often in pieces, and metal tools are usually covered with rust (铁锈). Before repairing them, archaeologists use X-rays to check the damage. They must be patient and careful so as not to damage their value. ⑤ Though the job can be very tiring or require working long hours in the lab, most archaeologists are proud of their work. It’s their hard work that has brought the lost treasures back to life. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By listing facts. B．By offering ideas. C．By asking questions. D．By giving examples. 2．What do archaeologists have to do when finding places? A．They have to repair broken tools. B．They have to study bones in the lab. C．They have to ask local people for help. D．They have to work in different weather conditions. 3．What does the underlined word “damage” in paragraph 4 probably mean? A．break B．harm C．change D．hide 4．Which is the right structure of the text? (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …) A． B． C． D． 5．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Work of Archaeologists B．The Way to Become Archaeologists C．The Search for Historical Treasures D．The Mysteries of Historical Treasures 二、完形填空 Passage 3 （25-26九年级上·辽宁盘锦·期中）阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A team of Chinese scientists have found a new giant sinkhole (天坑). It’s 192 meters deep. What did they find at the 1 ? An ancient forest! This 2 discovery was found in Leye County, Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region. Leye County is known 3 the “museum of sinkholes” How do sinkholes form? “China has a karst landscape (喀斯特地貌),” Veni told Live Science. “Karst landscapes are made when rainwater 4 through little cracks (裂缝) in the ground. The cracks 5 grow into tunnels (隧道) and then big caves (洞穴). Over time, a cave can get too big. Then the top of it falls slowly, 6 huge sinkholes.” Why are sinkholes important? Besides looking cool, karst caves and sinkholes can be 7 to all kinds of plants, animals and microbes. The newly discovered one has ancient trees up to 40meters tall. “I wouldn’t be surprised to know that some species (物种) in these caves have never been 8 or described by science until now, said the leader of the exploration (探险) team, Chen Lixin. This is because the sinkholes are separate (分离的) from the outside world. That 9 an environment for new species to form. “Sinkholes also have deep stores of underground water. They are like nature’s water pipes (管道). They bring 10 to 700 million people worldwide,” Veni told Live Science. 1．A．end B．top C．bottom D．start 2．A．terrible B．amazing C．early D．careful 3．A．as B．for C．to D．with 4．A．returns B．forms C．climbs D．runs 5．A．luckily B．exactly C．slowly D．heavily 6．A．looking up B．dealing with C．setting off D．turning into 7．A．school B．home C．office D．house 8．A．left B．sold C．saved D．reported 9．A．hurts B．provides C．protects D．helps 10．A．rain B．snow C．water D．food Passage 4 （2026·宁夏银川·一模）请阅读下面语篇，理解其大意，然后从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Walking in the park of Helanshan Rock Art Relics (遗迹) is like taking a walk through history. The park is in Yinchuan, Ningxia. Anyone will be 1 at the number of artworks and carvings (雕刻图案) on the rocks. The carvings were a book full of 2 before human beings knew how to read or write. And today they help us understand 3 ancient people lived. Rock carvings in the park 4 different objects, including animals, plants, etc. About 6,000 carvings have been found in the park area since the 1970s. “Rock art has 5 been found in many other places across China, but the park is the only place that has so many rock art pieces in one location,” said Mr. Zhang, an expert on rock art. This helps visitors learn more about ancient art, perhaps in a trip of just one 6 two hours. According to Zhang, the “histories on rock” were a kind of good way for humans to show their spiritual (精神的) world 7 words were created. Zhang said, “In a sense, rock art can be seen as a language. ” For the past few years, Zhang and his team have been 8 rock art. “Sometimes, we spend a whole day and end up finding nothing,” said Zhang. “It’s challenging work. ” Other experts and the local government have tried 9 best to protect it. And the Yinchuan World Rock Art Museum has opened to 10 people’s awareness (意识) of the need to protect rock carvings. 1．A．angry B．afraid C．upset D．surprised 2．A．information B．decisions C．population D．joy 3．A．whether B．how C．which D．if 4．A．understand B．cover C．discover D．receive 5．A．already B．yet C．ever D．never 6．A．so B．but C．or D．and 7．A．with B．by C．after D．before 8．A．setting up B．searching for C．discussing with D．worrying about 9．A．our B．your C．their D．its 10．A．cause B．make C．raise D．choose 三、选词填空 Passage 5 （26-27九年级上·浙江金华·阶段检测）请先阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。 appear    reason    value    complete    explain    mystery    make    record    however Sanxingdui boomed during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization(文明), so we once knew very little about it. For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery of them is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared suddenly. Hundreds of jade(玉), bronze, and 3 things were broken, burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared 4 . Where did its people go? What happened to them? Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation(延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a secret. Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake. He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide(山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.” Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away. Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony(祭祀仪式)? There is proof suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was done with purpose. That’s what still remains so mysterious. Passage 6 （25-26九年级上·湖北荆门·期中）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 accident   it   eye   succeed   but   die   discover   challenge   true   sad Have you seen the clay soldiers (士兵) in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum? Do you know the 1 colors of them? More than 2,000 years ago, Qin Shihuang, the first emperor of China, ordered people to build the Terracotta Army (兵马俑). He hoped that the army would guard him after his 2 . In 1974, some farmers found several clay soldiers by 3 in Xi’an. After that, more than 8,000 clay soldiers were found by archaeologists (考古学家). Today, the clay soldiers in Xi’an Terracotta Warriors Museum are light brown. 4 they weren’t always this color. When they were made, they had the colors of white, green, blue, red, purple and yellow. 5 , most of the colors disappeared till today. An area with more than a hundred clay soldiers was 6 by archaeologists a few years ago. Many of them still had black hair, pink faces and black or brown 7 at that time. If they were not protected well, their colors would disappear. After a clay soldier was found, archaeologists used two steps to keep 8 color. First, they sprayed (喷) a kind of special “water” on it. Then, they covered it with plastic (塑料). Archaeologists are facing a new 9 now. They are going to find a way to put the colors onto the clay soldiers again. If they 10 in doing it, people will be able to see what the clay soldiers looked like when they were made. It must be very amazing. 四、语法填空 Passage 7 （26-27九年级上·福建·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Qin Shihuang is a widely known emperor in Chinese history. During his rule, he ordered his men to build a huge army of life-sized terracotta warriors (兵马俑). These, he hoped, would guard him after his 1 (die). Today, the soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown, but they 2 (be) not always this color. They began as an army of red, blue, yellow, green, white, and purple. 3 (sad), most of the colors did not last to the present day. 4 their discovery, these soldiers were protected by being underground. When they were dug out, however, the air caused the coating under the paint to fall off. The paint disappeared in 5 (little) time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history. New technology is used to protect the army’s true 6 (color). Recently, more than a hundred soldiers have been discovered. Many of these still have 7 (they) painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black or brown eyes. Chinese and German researchers have developed a special material to make sure that the colors will be kept. After finding 8 soldier, experts spray (喷洒) it with the material. They then cover it in plastic. Experts are also finding colors in the dirt around Xi’an’s terracotta soldiers. They consider it important not to touch the dirt, so the colors won’t be 9 (lose). The next challenging thing is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back 10 life in full color. Passage 8 （25-26九年级下·辽宁沈阳·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。 Deep in the mountains of Chaoyang, Liaoning, stand two parallel (平行的) stone walls. Between 1 (they), there are big forests. It would be very hard 2 (build) walls in this way even today. So, how did people from over 5,000 years ago do it? These walls are part of the Niuheliang Site (牛河梁遗址), one of the 3 (old) known Chinese civilizations (文明). In 1981, the Niuheliang Site 4 (find) by archaeologists (考古学家). The site dates back to about 5,800 years ago and it is part of the Hongshan civilization in northern China. The finding 5 (make) Chinese history older than we thought by over 1,000 years. As famous archaeologist Su Bingqi put it, “Here we see the dawn (黎明) of China’s 5,000-year civilization.” The Niuheliang Site is like 6 old storybook. It shows where our culture came from and helps us learn more 7 our history. You can find out more about the Niuheliang Site 8 (easy) in the seventh-grade history textbook. Jade Pig-dragon (玉猪龙) is a famous jade artifact (玉器) from the Hongshan civilization. It does not look like a traditional dragon 9 it has a round body and a head that looks like a pig’s. The cute look shows ancient 10 (people) idea of beauty. Some people say it looks like a pig while others think it is a bear. 五、任务型阅读 Passage 9 （26-27九年级上·山东德州·阶段检测）. Recently, someone shared photos from the Luoyang Museum online and there’s a super interesting discovery! A bronze danglu (铜当卢) from over 2,000 years ago looks just like Labubu! The bronze danglu was found in Luoyang, Henan Province. Ancient people put it on a horse’s face. It had two jobs. First, it protected the horse’s face. Second, it made the horse look very powerful. Back then, if a horse had a bronze danglu, it showed that the owner was rich and important. When people saw the photos, they were too surprised to believe their eyes! The bronze danglu has a round face, big eyes and bright teeth just like Labubu! Some people said, “It’s like the past and present talk to each other!” Kids even joked, “Maybe ancient artists liked making cute toys too!” Now this amazing bronze danglu is on the second floor of the Luoyang Museum. It is not just an old metal piece, but something that reminds you of an item in your life today. Museums are full of such things that show how creative people were long ago and how their art can still make us smile today. Next time you visit a museum, take a close look at the items. You might find ________. 1．When was the bronze danglu made? 2．Where did ancient people put the bronze danglu? 3．How did people feel about the bronze danglu’s looks? 4．What can you learn from the story of the bronze danglu? 5．Complete the sentence in Paragraph 4 with proper words. 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 11 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $