Unit 2 A Look into the Past 情态动词表推测（核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版九年级下册
|
2份
|
29页
|
19人阅读
|
0人下载
内容正文：
Unit 2 A Look into the Past 核心语法精练
（情态动词表推测）
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、单项选择 3
二、完成句子 7
一、语法填空 9
二、选词填空 11
情态动词表推测
一、基础总述
情态动词 can, could, may, might, must 都可以用来对事情、物品、人物进行推测，判断某个情况“可能、也许、一定、不可能”是怎样的。
二、逐个精讲（按肯定推测语气从强到弱排序）
1. must 一定，肯定（语气最强，十分有把握的肯定推测）
✅ 含义：说话人根据线索、证据，几乎断定事情是这样，“肯定、一定”
✅ 只用于肯定句！
❌ must 表推测不能用在否定句、疑问句；mustn’t 意思是“禁止，不准”，绝对不是“一定不”，这是中考最高频易错点。
例句：
The light is on. He must be at home.
灯亮着，他一定在家。
You have worked for the whole day. You must be tired.
你工作了一整天，你肯定很累。
2. could / may 可能，也许（中等把握，可能性较大）
✅ 含义：有一定依据，但没有十足把握，“可能、也许”
✅ 可用于肯定句、疑问句；could 比 may 语气更委婉一点，二者推测程度接近。
例句：
It may rain this afternoon. Take an umbrella.
今天下午可能会下雨，带上伞。
The strange noise could be a cat outside the window.
这个奇怪的声响也许是窗外的一只猫发出的。
3. might 也许，或许（语气最弱，把握最低，可能性偏小）
✅ 含义：只是一种猜测，不确定，可能性比较低
✅ 多用于肯定句；比 may 不确定感更强。
例句：
He might not come to the party. He has lots of homework.
他也许不来派对了，他有很多作业。
This small box might be a gift for her.
这个小盒子或许是送给她的礼物。
4. can’t 不可能（否定推测，语气很强）
✅ 含义：有充足证据，断定某事不可能，是 must 的否定对应词
✅ 这是否定推测的核心！不要用 mustn’t 表“一定不”
例句：
The boy can’t be at school. I just saw him in the supermarket.
这个男孩不可能在学校，我刚刚在超市看见他了。
That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to Beijing.
那不可能是露西，她去北京了。
补充：can 表推测，大多只用在否定句、疑问句，肯定句里一般不用 can 表推测。
例：Can that be true? 那可能是真的吗？
三、语气强弱排序（必背）
肯定推测：must（一定）＞ may / could（可能）＞ might（也许，可能性低）
否定推测：can’t（不可能）
简单一句话：肯定最强用must，否定推测用can’t；may might表也许，把握依次往下降。
四、高频易错辨析（考试最爱挖坑）
1. mustn’t ≠ 一定不
mustn’t = 禁止，不允许（表命令）
can’t = 不可能（表推测）
❌ He mustn’t be at home.（错，翻译成：他禁止在家）
✅ He can’t be at home.（对，他不可能在家）
2. might not vs can’t
might not：也许不（还有一点点可能性，弱否定）
can’t：不可能（完全没有可能性，强否定）
对比：
He might not know the truth. 他也许不知道真相。（有可能知道，也有可能不知道）
He can’t know the truth. 他不可能知道真相。（完全没有机会知道）
3. 疑问句里面的推测
一般不用 must 提问推测；疑问推测常用 can / could
✅ Can this be his new pen? 这会是他的新钢笔吗？
❌ Must this be his new pen?（不自然，考试一般不这么用）
一、单项选择
1．—Is that Miss Lin over there?
— No. It ________ be her. She has gone to the USA．
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．won’t D．needn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——那边是林小姐吗？——不。那不可能是她。她已经去美国了。
mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；won’t将不；needn’t没必要。根据“She has gone to the USA”可知她已经去了美国，此刻不在这里，表示否定推测应用can’t。
2．—Who is singing in the music room? Is it Mary?
—It ________ be her. She is ill at home today.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．couldn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——谁在音乐室唱歌？是玛丽吗？——不可能是她。她今天生病在家。
mustn’t禁止；can’t不可能；couldn’t不可能（过去式）。根据“She is ill at home today.”可知，玛丽生病在家，所以在音乐室唱歌的不可能是她，应用can’t表示否定的推测。
3．—Is that man Mr. Hu?
—It ________ be him. He has gone to Beijing.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——那个人是胡先生吗？——不可能是他。他已经去北京了。
may not可能不；needn’t不必；can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止。结合语句“He has gone to Beijing”可知，胡先生前往北京不在此地，此处是有依据的否定推测，can’t用于否定推测，表示“不可能”，符合语境。
4．—I think the girl under the tree must be Alice.
—No, it ________ be her. She is in the library now.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我认为树下的那个女孩一定是爱丽丝。——不，不可能是她，她现在在图书馆。
can’t不可能；mustn’t禁止；may not可能不。根据“She is in the library now.”可知，她现在在图书馆，所以树下的女孩不可能是爱丽丝，此处表示有把握的否定推测，用 can’t。故选A。
5．—What’s that smell?
—It ________ be something burning, but I’m not sure.
A．could B．can’t C．should D．must
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——那是什么味道？——可能是什么东西烧着了，但我不确定。
考查情态动词辨析。could可能，表示不太肯定的推测；can’t不能；should应该；must必须。根据“but I’m not sure.”可知，此处在描述不太确定的推测，说的是可能什么东西烧着了，应该用could。故选A。
6．Some people believe there ________ be parallel universes (平行宇宙) , but they are not sure.
A．must B．could C．can’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：有些人认为可能存在平行宇宙，但他们不确定。
考查情态动词。must必须；could可能；can’t不可能。根据“but they are not sure.”可知，应用could表示推测。故选B。
7．—The girl you saw at the park ________ be Su Lin. She just called and said she was in Sanya.
—Oh, my god. That girl looked just like Su Lin.
A．must B．couldn’t C．mustn’t
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你在公园看到的那个女孩不可能是苏林。她刚刚打电话说她在三亚。——哦，我的上帝。刚才那个女孩长得好像苏林。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；couldn’t不能；mustn’t禁止。根据“The girl you saw at the park…be Su Lin. She just called and said she was in Sanya.”可知，此处指的是“那个女孩不能是苏林”，此处表示否定，用情态动词的否定形式“couldn’t”。故选B。
8．— Where is Linda?
— I’m not sure. She ________ in the school library.
A．could be B．must be C．can’t be D．will be
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Linda在哪里？——我不确定。她可能在学校图书馆。
考查情态动词辨析。could be可能是；must be一定是；can’t be不可能是；will be将是。根据“I’m not sure”可知应是猜测的可能性不大，故选A。
9．—Where will you go for your winter holiday, Betty?
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to Harbin to visit the 27th Harbin Ice and Snow World.
A．may B．must C．should
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Betty，你寒假打算去哪儿？——我不确定。我可能会去哈尔滨参观第27届哈尔滨冰雪大世界。
may“可能，也许”，表示不确定的推测，可能性较低；must“必须，一定”，表示义务或非常有把握的肯定推测；should“应该”，表示建议、劝告或按常理该发生的事。根据答语中的“I’m not sure”可知，说话者对自己的寒假去向并不确定，空处需填入一个表示“不确定推测”的情态动词，may符合语境。
10．— Sandy, is Mr. Li in the teachers’ office now?
— I am not sure. He ________ be there.
A．must B．can’t C．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——桑迪，李老师现在在教师办公室吗？——我不确定。他可能在那儿。
must一定，表示肯定推测；can’t 不可能，表示否定推测；may可能，表示不确定推测。根据“I am not sure.”可知，说话人不确定李老师是否在办公室，表示不确定的推测应用“may”，应填may。
11．—Jenny, have you decided what to do during the winter holiday?
—Not yet, I _______ volunteer at Hefei Science and Technology Museum.
A．may B．must C．should D．need
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——Jenny，你想好寒假要做什么了吗？ ——还没确定，我可能会去合肥科技馆做志愿者。
may可能；must必须；should应该；need需要。根据下文“Not yet”可知，寒假要做什么还不确定，只是有“可能”去，所以这里用may表示推测。
12．— Where’s Lisa? I can’t find her in the classroom.
— She ________ be in the gym. She often swims there at noon.
A．can B．may C．would
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——丽莎在哪里？我在教室里找不到她。——她可能在体育馆。她中午经常在那里游泳。
考查情态动词辨析。can能，可以；may可能；would将会。根据“She often swims there at noon.”可知，此处表示推测，且语气不太肯定，表示“可能”。故选B。
13．—Look! The sky is so dark.
—Yes. It ________ rain soon. We’d better take an umbrella.
A．must B．can’t C．may D．needn’t
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——看！天空这么暗。——是的，可能很快要下雨了。我们最好带把伞。
考查情态动词辨析。must必须；can’t不可能；may可能；needn’t不必。根据“The sky is so dark.”和“We’d better take an umbrella.”可知，此处表示对未来天气的不确定推测，may符合语境。故选C。
14．—Is Jerry coming by subway?
—He ________ ride his bike. I’m not sure.
A．can’t B．may C．must D．need
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——杰瑞是坐地铁来吗？——他可能骑自行车来。我不确定。
考查情态动词辨析。can’t不可能；may可能；must必须、一定；need需要。根据“I’m not sure.”可知，此处是不确定的推测，“may”表示“可能”，符合语境。故选B。
15．—Can you tell me where Miss Green is?
—I’m not sure. She ________ be in the teachers’ office.
A．may B．must C．can
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你能告诉我格林小姐在哪里吗？——我不太确定。她可能在教师办公室。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能；must必须、一定；can能、可以。根据“I’m not sure. She…be in the teachers’ office.”可知，回答者不确定格林小姐所处的位置，所以用may，表示“没有把握的肯定推测”。故选A。
16．—Wow… another gift! What’s in the box?
—I’m not sure. It ________ be a pair of sports shoes.
A．must B．can’t C．may
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——哇……又一份礼物！盒子里是什么？——我不确定。它可能是一双运动鞋。
考查情态动词。must一定；can’t不可能；may可能。根据“I’m not sure”可知，此处表示不确定的推测，may符合。故选C。
17．— Whose physics book is this?
— It ________ be Helen’s because her name is on it.
A．mustn’t B．must C．might
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这是谁的物理书？——它一定是海伦的，因为她的名字在上面。
mustn’t禁止；must一定；might可能。根据“because her name is on it”，名字在书上是确切证据，表示有把握的肯定推测，应用must。
18．—Look, someone left a book.
—Oh, yeah. This book ________ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of book.
A．can B．must C．may D．might
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——看，有人落下了一本书。 ——哦，是啊。这本书一定是基蒂的。只有她喜欢读这种书。
can“能够；可能”； must“一定；肯定”；may“可能；也许” ；might“可能；也许”。下文“Only she likes to read this kind of book.”表示“只有她喜欢读这种书”，应用must确定这本书就是基蒂的。
19．—Who does the magazine belong to?
—It ________ be Carla’s. Here is her name on the cover.
A．may B．must
C．might D．could
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这本杂志是谁的？—— 一定是卡拉的。封面上有她的名字。
may可能；must一定；might也许；could可能。 封面上有名字是非常确定的证据，因此用must表示肯定的推测，符合语境。
20．—Look! The light in Mr. Li’s office is still on.
—He ________ be working there. I saw him walk in just five minutes ago.
A．must B．can’t C．would D．shouldn’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——看！李先生办公室的灯还亮着。——他一定在那里工作。我五分钟前刚看见他走进去。
must表示肯定推测，“一定”；can’t表示否定推测，“不可能”；would表示意愿或过去将来时；shouldn’t表示“不应该”。根据后句“我五分钟前刚看见他走进去”可知，此处表示肯定的推测，应填must。
21．—I’m going to give up learning the guzheng. My fingers hurt so much.
—Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There _______be a good result if you stick to it.
A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我打算放弃学古筝，我的手指太疼了。别灰心，坚持练习。如果你坚持下去，一定会有好结果的。
must一定，必须；mustn’t禁止；can能够，可以；can’t不能，不可能。根据前句“Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing.”可知，这里是鼓励对方，表达坚持就一定有好结果，应填must。
22．—Whose dictionary is this?
—It ________ be Jeff’s. Look! His name is on Page One.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．must D．might
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——这是谁的词典？——它一定是杰夫的。看！第一页有他的名字。
needn’t不必；can’t不可能；must一定；might可能。根据“His name is on Page One.”可知，名字在第一页，说明有确凿证据，表示非常肯定的推测，用must。
23．—Mr. Lee ________ be in the City Park now.
—I agree with you. He is always the first one.
A．may B．can C．must
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——李先生现在一定在城市公园里。——我同意你的看法。他总是第一个到那里。
考查情态动词辨析。may可能，表示推测时把握性不大；can可以，能够，表示能力或许可；must一定，表示推测时把握性很大。根据“He is always the first one.”可知，他总是第一个到那里，所以此处是很有把握地推测李先生现在一定在城市公园里，应该用must。故选C。
24．—Look! There are so many people queuing in front of the restaurant. The food there ________ be very delicious.
—Sounds good. Let’s go and eat there.
A．can B．must C．can’t D．need
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——看！餐厅前有这么多人在排队。那里的食物一定非常美味。——听起来不错。我们去那里吃吧。
考查情态动词辨析。can可能（表推测时多用于否定或疑问）；must一定（表肯定推测）；can’t不可能（表否定推测）；need需要（不表推测）。根据“so many people queuing”可知，说话人根据“很多人排队”这一现象做出肯定推测，认为食物“一定”很好吃，需用must表示较有把握的肯定推测。故选B。
25．—Whose book is this?
—It ________ be Li Ming’s. His name is on the cover.
A．must B．can C．may D．might
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这是谁的书？——这一定是李明的。封面上有他的名字。
must一定；can可能；may可能；might可能。根据“His name is on the cover.”可知，封面上有名字，说明是非常肯定的推测，应填must。
26．You ________ be tired after walking so long, you ________ have a rest right now.
A．must; should B．can; need C．may; mustn’t D．need; can’t
【答案】A
【详解】句意：走了这么长时间你一定很累了，你应该马上休息一下。
must一定（表示肯定推测）；should应该（表示建议）。can能够；need需要；may可能；mustn’t禁止；need需要；can’t不能。 根据句意，第一空表示肯定推测“一定累了”，应用must；第二空表示建议“应该休息”，应用should。
27．—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A．must B．can C．need
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——这幅剪纸非常生动。谁做的？——一定是玛丽做的。除了她，我们中没人会做。
must“一定”；can“能/可能”；need“需要”。根据答句中“None of us except her is able to do it”可知，除了玛丽外没有人能做这件事，说明推测的把握非常大，表示肯定推测应用must。
28．—Where are you going for your summer holiday, Tom?
—I haven’t decided yet. I ________ go to Xi’an with my parents.
A．must B．need C．may D．should
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——汤姆，你暑假打算去哪里？——我还没决定。我可能会和父母一起去西安。
must必须；need需要；may可能；should应该。根据前文“I haven’t decided yet.”可知，去西安只是一个不确定的推测。may表示“可能”，符合语境。
29．—Do you think we ________ go to the same high school?
—I hope so.
A．must B．may C．should D．need
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你认为我们可能上同一所高中吗？——我希望如此。
must必须；may可能；should应该；need需要。“I hope so”表示“我希望如此”，说明上同一所高中是不确定的事情，问句询问的是可能性。应填may。
30．Mr. Richard is on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A．would B．could C．may D．must
【答案】B
【详解】句意：理查德先生凡事都准时。他开幕式迟到了怎么可能呢？
would将要；could可能；may可能；must必须。根据“Mr. Richard is on time for everything”可知他一向准时，对于他迟到这件事表示惊讶或难以置信。“How could it be that...”意为“怎么可能……”，常用于表示惊讶。
二、完成句子
31．图坦卡蒙国王的死可能和一种疾病有关。
King Tut’s death ________ ________ related to an illness.
【答案】 could be
【详解】原句中“可能”是关键词，“可能”对应情态动词could，其后接动词原形；“和……有关”的固定表达是be related to，因此填could be。
32．It must be Carla’s red blouse. (对划线部分提问)
________ red blouse ________ it be?
【答案】 Whose can/could
【详解】句意：那一定是卡拉的红衬衫。划线部分表示“某人的”，需要用疑问词whose；must是表示有把握的肯定推测，在变为一般疑问句，可以借助情态动词can或could来表示“某物会是谁的”，故填Whose；can/could。
33．那不可能是真正的金面具，它太轻了。
That ________ ________ a real gold mask. It’s much too light.
【答案】 can’t be
【详解】原句中“不可能是”是关键词，表示否定推测用can’t，情态动词后面接动词原形be。本句为对现在情况的推测，用一般现在时。故填can’t；be。
34．Many people think the tomb must be the king’s. (改为否定推测句)
Many people think the tomb ________ ________ the king’s.
【答案】 can’t be
【详解】句意：许多人认为这座坟墓一定是那位国王的。原句中“must be (一定是)”表示肯定推测，改为否定推测时，用can’t be (不可能是)，表示有把握的否定推测。
35．修复一本古籍可能要花费好几年的时间。
It ________ take years ________ repair one ancient book.
【答案】 may/might to
【详解】原句中“可能”是关键词，用情态动词may/might表推测；第二空，It takes some time to do sth.是固定句型，意为“做某事花费多长时间”，动词不定式to repair作真正主语。故填may/might；to。
36．我猜想他可能知道记忆的秘诀。
I guess he ________ ________ the secret of memory.
【答案】 may know
【详解】原句中“可能”“知道”为关键词，表示“可能”的单词为may（情态动词，后跟动词原形），表示“知道”的单词为know。
37．古代中国人一定非常精通制作丝绸的技艺。
The ancient Chinese ________ ________ been very skilled at making silk.
【答案】 must have
【详解】原句中“一定”是关键词，表示对过去事情的肯定推测，用must have done结构。must是情态动词，后接have+过去分词，题干已有been，构成must have been。应填must；have。
38．她小时候一定很擅长跳舞，还拿过很多比赛奖项。
She ________ ________ ________ good at ________ when she was a kid. She won many competition prizes.
【答案】 must have been dancing
【详解】原句中“一定”和“跳舞”是关键词，该句需要表达“一定做过某事”的推测含义，结构为“must have done”，此处对应“一定擅长”，“be good at”是固定搭配，be的过去分词为been，所以①填must，②填have，③填been；“be good at”后接动名词，“跳舞”的动名词形式为dancing，故④填dancing。
39．The man standing under the tree must be our new classmate. (改为否定句)
The man standing under the tree ________ ________ our new classmate.
【答案】 can’t be
【详解】句意：站在树下的那个男人一定是我们的新同学。原句中must be表示肯定推测，意为“一定是”，对应的否定推测不能用mustn’t，要用can’t be，表示“不可能是”。情态动词can’t后面接动词原形be。故填can’t；be。
40．经过这么漫长的旅行，你一定很累了。
You ________ ________ very tired after such a long journey.
【答案】 must be
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空处缺少了“一定”，英文表达为must，后面加be动词原形，与形容词tired连用。故填must；be。
一、语法填空
（26-27九年级上·四川遂宁·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to The Ballad of Mulan (<木兰辞>), Mulan was born in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Her father was a retired soldier. 1 (train) Mulan’s courage, he taught Mulan Wushu and how to ride, shoot arrows (箭), and use a sword (剑) when she was a child. As she got older, her talents grew 2 (strong) than before.
Her life changed when the Rouran launched raids (发起突袭) on the Northern Wei Dynasty’s northern frontier (边境). To protect the land, the emperor 3 (order) every family to send a man to fight. Mulan’s little brother was too young to join the army. So the name of Mulan’s old father was 4 the list.
Mulan was worried about the situation and she made a 5 (decide) to replace her father in the military draft (兵役征召).
She dressed 6 (she) up as a man and started her army life on the frontier. Mulan finally returned home 7 (success) after 12 years. To praise her bravery during the war, the emperor wanted to give her a position of officer, 8 Mulan refused. She said she just hoped to be with her family.
People admire her as 9 hero because she was brave, and always cared about her family.
The story of Mulan has been passed down for 10 (century) and she has also been a welcome character in many literary works and works of art.
【导语】本文通过讲述花木兰代父从军、英勇作战又淡泊名利的故事，说明她因勇敢和顾家而受人敬仰，强调了勇敢、孝心与家国担当的可贵。
1．句意：为了培养木兰的勇气，父亲在她小时候教她武术、骑马、射箭和用剑。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示“为了培养木兰的勇气”，且位于句首首字母大写，故填To train。
2．句意：随着年龄增长，她的才能变得比以前更强。由空后的than可知要用形容词比较级，故填stronger。
3．句意：为了保护土地，皇帝命令每家派一名男子参战。故事发生在过去，谓语动词要用一般过去时，故填ordered。
4．句意：于是木兰年迈的父亲的名字出现在了名单上。固定搭配on the list表示“在名单上”，符合语境，故填on。
5．句意：木兰担心局势，决定代替父亲服兵役。固定短语make a decision表示“做决定”，此处需要名词形式，故填decision。
6．句意：她女扮男装，开始了边境军旅生活。固定搭配dress oneself up表示“乔装打扮”，对应主语she，故填herself。
7．句意：12年后，木兰成功返回家乡。此处修饰动词returned，需要用副词形式，故填successfully。
8．句意：为表彰她在战争中的勇敢，皇帝想给她一个官职，但木兰拒绝了。前文说皇帝要给木兰官职，后文说木兰拒绝，前后是转折关系，故填but。
9．句意：人们敬仰她是一位英雄，因为她勇敢且始终关心家人。此处表示泛指“一位英雄”，hero是发音以辅音音素开头的可数名词，故填a。
10．句意：花木兰的故事流传了数个世纪，她也一直是许多文学作品和艺术作品中受欢迎的人物。固定搭配for centuries表示“数个世纪以来”，要用名词复数形式，故填centuries。
（26-27九年级上·福建·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Qin Shihuang is a widely known emperor in Chinese history. During his rule, he ordered his men to build a huge army of life-sized terracotta warriors (兵马俑). These, he hoped, would guard him after his 1 (die).
Today, the soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown, but they 2 (be) not always this color. They began as an army of red, blue, yellow, green, white, and purple. 3 (sad), most of the colors did not last to the present day. 4 their discovery, these soldiers were protected by being underground. When they were dug out, however, the air caused the coating under the paint to fall off. The paint disappeared in 5 (little) time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history.
New technology is used to protect the army’s true 6 (color). Recently, more than a hundred soldiers have been discovered. Many of these still have 7 (they) painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black or brown eyes. Chinese and German researchers have developed a special material to make sure that the colors will be kept. After finding 8 soldier, experts spray (喷洒) it with the material. They then cover it in plastic.
Experts are also finding colors in the dirt around Xi’an’s terracotta soldiers. They consider it important not to touch the dirt, so the colors won’t be 9 (lose). The next challenging thing is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back 10 life in full color.
【答案】
1．death 2．were 3．Sadly 4．Before 5．less 6．colors 7．their 8．a 9．lost 10．to
【导语】本文主要介绍了秦始皇兵马俑原本色彩丰富，出土后颜料快速脱落，如今中外专家运用新技术保护陶俑残存色彩，努力复原彩绘兵马俑。
1．句意：他希望这些兵马俑能在他死后守护他。形容词性物主代词his后面需要接名词，die是动词，名词形式为death，表示“死亡”。
2．句意：如今西安兵马俑博物馆里的陶俑是浅棕色的，但它们并不一直是这个颜色。主语they指代陶俑，后面说它们原本有彩色，描述过去的状态，用一般过去时，be动词用were。
3．句意：遗憾的是，大部分色彩没能留存到今天。此处修饰整个句子，要用副词，sad的副词形式是Sadly，放在句首首字母大写。
4．句意：在被发现之前，这些陶俑埋在地下受到保护。根据后文挖出来之后颜料脱落，可知在发掘之前，地下环境保护着它们，before表示“在……之前”，句首大写。
5．句意：颜料消失所用的时间比煮一个鸡蛋还要短，一同消失的还有重要的历史片段。后面出现than，表示比较，little的比较级是less。
6．句意：新技术被用来保护陶俑原本真实的色彩。color此处指多种颜色，用复数colors。
7．句意：其中很多陶俑仍然保留着它们彩绘的特征，包括黑发、粉色脸庞以及黑色或棕色的眼睛。修饰名词短语painted features，要用形容词性物主代词，they的形容词性物主代词是their。
8．句意：专家找到一个陶俑之后，就往上面喷洒这种材料。soldier是可数名词单数，辅音音素开头，表示“一个”，用不定冠词a。
9．句意：他们认为不要触碰泥土很重要，这样颜色就不会丢失。“be+过去分词”构成被动语态，lose的过去分词是lost，表示“被丢失”。
10．句意：一旦实现，艺术家们就能让秦始皇的军队完整地恢复彩色，重获生机。固定搭配bring…back to life，意为“使……复活，使……重获生机”。
二、选词填空
（26-27九年级上·湖北十堰·阶段检测）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
advice whole wise manage for brave lead tasks speak greatly
During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Chunyu Kun in the State of Qi. Although he had an ordinary look, he was wise and good at 1 . He successfully finished many diplomatic (外交的) 2 for Qi.
At that time, King Wei of Qi ignored state affairs (不理朝政). The 3 state was in a mess, and neighbouring states took the chance to attack Qi. Worse still, the king had a bad temper and hated others’ 4 , so no one dared to speak up.
However, Chunyu Kun was 5 enough to speak to the king and couldn’t just watch the king sit there and do nothing. Knowing the king liked riddles (谜语), he said, “There is a big bird in the palace. It has stayed there 6 three years without flying or singing. Do you know what bird it is?” The king understood that he was the bird. He replied, “That bird will surprise the world once it starts to fly high and sing loudly.”
After that, the king changed 7 . He worked hard to 8 the state well. Soon, Qi became powerful, and as a result, its people 9 a happy life. Chunyu Kun’s 10 helped wake up the king and the story shows how wise words can help change a person.
【导语】本文主要讲述了战国时期齐国淳于髡运用智慧劝谏齐威王，使齐国走向强盛的故事。
1．句意：虽然他相貌普通，但他很聪慧，擅长言谈。固定搭配be good at doing sth.意为“擅长做某事”，at是介词，后面要接动名词。结合后文他完成很多外交任务、用谜语劝说君王，能看出他口才出众，此处需要表达“说话交谈”的含义。应选用speak“说话、言谈”，需变为动名词speaking
2．句意：他为齐国成功完成许多外交任务。many表示“许多”，后面接可数名词复数。结合前文他口才出众，承担齐国对外交涉相关工作，此处需要表达“任务”的含义。应选用名词复数tasks“任务”，diplomatic tasks表示“外交任务”。
3．句意：整个国家陷入混乱，邻国趁机攻打齐国。此处需要形容词修饰名词“state”。结合上下文齐威王不理朝政，全国局势动荡不安，此处需要表达“整个的”含义。应选用whole“整个的”，the whole state表示“整个国家”。
4．句意：更糟糕的是，国王脾气很差，讨厌其他人的建议，所以没有人敢进言。others’为名词所有格，后接名词。结合上下文国王脾气差，没人敢进言，说明他讨厌他人提出建议。应选用advice“建议”，为不可数名词。
5．句意：但淳于髡足够勇敢，敢于面见君王，无法眼睁睁看着君王无所作为。“was”后接形容词作表语，结合后文他敢于面见君王，说明他足够勇敢。应选用brave“勇敢的”，brave enough意为“足够勇敢”。
6．句意：它已经待在那里三年，不飞也不鸣叫。空后是时间段“three years”，当要描述动作持续多长时间，常用介词加时间段的结构。应选用介词for，可用来引出持续的时间，for three years表示“持续三年”。
7．句意：在那之后，国王发生了极大改变。空格后面是动词“changed”，需用副词修饰。结合后文他努力治理国家，说明国王改变的程度很大，应选用副词greatly“极大地”。
8．句意：他努力工作，把国家管理得很好。work hard to do sth.意为“努力做某事”，不定式符号to后接动词原形，在句中作目的状语。国王励精图治，国家应该是管理得很好。应选用manage“管理”。
9．句意：很快齐国变得强大，于是百姓过上了幸福的生活。全文叙述过去发生的故事，时态应为一般过去时。结合语境国家强盛，百姓拥有幸福的生活，固定搭配lead a happy life表示“过幸福的生活”，应选用lead，其过去式为led。
10．句意：淳于髡的智慧点醒了君王，这个故事告诉我们睿智的言语可以改变一个人。名词所有格“Kun’s”后接名词，结合后文的睿智语言，此处指他的智慧。应选用形容词wise，其名词形式为wisdom“智慧”。
（26-27九年级上·浙江金华·阶段检测）请先阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
appear reason value complete explain mystery make record however
Sanxingdui boomed during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization(文明), so we once knew very little about it.
For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery of them is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared suddenly.
Hundreds of jade(玉), bronze, and 3 things were broken, burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared 4 . Where did its people go? What happened to them?
Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation(延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a secret.
Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake.
He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide(山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.”
Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away.
Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony(祭祀仪式)? There is proof suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was done with purpose. That’s what still remains so mysterious.
【答案】1．record 2．mysteries 3．valuable 4．completely 5．appeared 6．However 7．reason 8．explained 9．makes
【导语】本文介绍了三星堆文明相关谜团，专家一直尝试解开三星堆突然消失的原因，有人推测地震是诱因，但依旧存在未解之处。
1．句意：然而，没有关于这个文明的文字记录，所以我们曾经对它了解甚少。written为形容词意为“书面的”，后面需要接名词，record作名词意为“记录”。
2．句意：多年来，专家一直在努力解开三星堆背后的谜团。the后面接名词，根据后文“One big mystery of them”可知谜团不止一个，mystery的复数形式是mysteries。
3．句意：数百件玉石、青铜以及贵重的物品被打碎、焚烧并掩埋。things是名词意为“物品”，前面需要形容词修饰，value的形容词形式valuable意为“珍贵的”。
4．句意：随后这个文明完全消失了。此处修饰动词disappeared需要副词，complete的副词形式completely意为“完全地”。
5．句意：大约同一时期，在距离三星堆约38公里的金沙出现了一个相似的文明。整篇文章为一般过去时，appear的过去式是appeared。
6．句意：然而，这次迁徙的原因仍然是一个秘密。此处表示转折关系，however意为“然而”，位于句首首字母大写，填However。
7．句意：……四川大学研究河流的科学家范念念提出真正的原因可能是一场大地震。actual为形容词意为“真正的”，后面接名词，reason意为“原因”。
8．句意：他解释道“地震可能没有直接摧毁三星堆……”。空格后为直接引语（引号内的内容），是范教授对前面提出的观点进行的具体说明和阐述。“explain”意为“解释、说明”，与“引用某人说的话来阐述观点”这一语境完全吻合。整篇文章为一般过去时，explain的过去式是explained。
9．句意：范教授的想法有道理，但依旧无法解释他们为什么打碎并掩埋珍宝，而不是带走它们。make sense意为“有道理”，主语idea是单数，句子为一般现在时，make使用第三人称单数形式makes。
1 / 12
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
Unit 2 A Look into the Past 核心语法精练
（情态动词表推测）
目录
二、考点夯基 3
一、单项选择 3
二、完成句子 7
一、语法填空 9
二、选词填空 11
情态动词表推测
一、基础总述
情态动词 can, could, may, might, must 都可以用来对事情、物品、人物进行推测，判断某个情况“可能、也许、一定、不可能”是怎样的。
二、逐个精讲（按肯定推测语气从强到弱排序）
1. must 一定，肯定（语气最强，十分有把握的肯定推测）
✅ 含义：说话人根据线索、证据，几乎断定事情是这样，“肯定、一定”
✅ 只用于肯定句！
❌ must 表推测不能用在否定句、疑问句；mustn’t 意思是“禁止，不准”，绝对不是“一定不”，这是中考最高频易错点。
例句：
The light is on. He must be at home.
灯亮着，他一定在家。
You have worked for the whole day. You must be tired.
你工作了一整天，你肯定很累。
2. could / may 可能，也许（中等把握，可能性较大）
✅ 含义：有一定依据，但没有十足把握，“可能、也许”
✅ 可用于肯定句、疑问句；could 比 may 语气更委婉一点，二者推测程度接近。
例句：
It may rain this afternoon. Take an umbrella.
今天下午可能会下雨，带上伞。
The strange noise could be a cat outside the window.
这个奇怪的声响也许是窗外的一只猫发出的。
3. might 也许，或许（语气最弱，把握最低，可能性偏小）
✅ 含义：只是一种猜测，不确定，可能性比较低
✅ 多用于肯定句；比 may 不确定感更强。
例句：
He might not come to the party. He has lots of homework.
他也许不来派对了，他有很多作业。
This small box might be a gift for her.
这个小盒子或许是送给她的礼物。
4. can’t 不可能（否定推测，语气很强）
✅ 含义：有充足证据，断定某事不可能，是 must 的否定对应词
✅ 这是否定推测的核心！不要用 mustn’t 表“一定不”
例句：
The boy can’t be at school. I just saw him in the supermarket.
这个男孩不可能在学校，我刚刚在超市看见他了。
That can’t be Lucy. She has gone to Beijing.
那不可能是露西，她去北京了。
补充：can 表推测，大多只用在否定句、疑问句，肯定句里一般不用 can 表推测。
例：Can that be true? 那可能是真的吗？
三、语气强弱排序（必背）
肯定推测：must（一定）＞ may / could（可能）＞ might（也许，可能性低）
否定推测：can’t（不可能）
简单一句话：肯定最强用must，否定推测用can’t；may might表也许，把握依次往下降。
四、高频易错辨析（考试最爱挖坑）
1. mustn’t ≠ 一定不
mustn’t = 禁止，不允许（表命令）
can’t = 不可能（表推测）
❌ He mustn’t be at home.（错，翻译成：他禁止在家）
✅ He can’t be at home.（对，他不可能在家）
2. might not vs can’t
might not：也许不（还有一点点可能性，弱否定）
can’t：不可能（完全没有可能性，强否定）
对比：
He might not know the truth. 他也许不知道真相。（有可能知道，也有可能不知道）
He can’t know the truth. 他不可能知道真相。（完全没有机会知道）
3. 疑问句里面的推测
一般不用 must 提问推测；疑问推测常用 can / could
✅ Can this be his new pen? 这会是他的新钢笔吗？
❌ Must this be his new pen?（不自然，考试一般不这么用）
一、单项选择
1．—Is that Miss Lin over there?
— No. It ________ be her. She has gone to the USA．
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．won’t D．needn’t
2．—Who is singing in the music room? Is it Mary?
—It ________ be her. She is ill at home today.
A．mustn’t B．can’t C．couldn’t
3．—Is that man Mr. Hu?
—It ________ be him. He has gone to Beijing.
A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t
4．—I think the girl under the tree must be Alice.
—No, it ________ be her. She is in the library now.
A．can’t B．mustn’t C．may not
5．—What’s that smell?
—It ________ be something burning, but I’m not sure.
A．could B．can’t C．should D．must
6．Some people believe there ________ be parallel universes (平行宇宙) , but they are not sure.
A．must B．could C．can’t
7．—The girl you saw at the park ________ be Su Lin. She just called and said she was in Sanya.
—Oh, my god. That girl looked just like Su Lin.
A．must B．couldn’t C．mustn’t
8．— Where is Linda?
— I’m not sure. She ________ in the school library.
A．could be B．must be C．can’t be D．will be
9．—Where will you go for your winter holiday, Betty?
—I’m not sure. I ________ go to Harbin to visit the 27th Harbin Ice and Snow World.
A．may B．must C．should
10．— Sandy, is Mr. Li in the teachers’ office now?
— I am not sure. He ________ be there.
A．must B．can’t C．may
11．—Jenny, have you decided what to do during the winter holiday?
—Not yet, I _______ volunteer at Hefei Science and Technology Museum.
A．may B．must C．should D．need
12．— Where’s Lisa? I can’t find her in the classroom.
— She ________ be in the gym. She often swims there at noon.
A．can B．may C．would
13．—Look! The sky is so dark.
—Yes. It ________ rain soon. We’d better take an umbrella.
A．must B．can’t C．may D．needn’t
14．—Is Jerry coming by subway?
—He ________ ride his bike. I’m not sure.
A．can’t B．may C．must D．need
15．—Can you tell me where Miss Green is?
—I’m not sure. She ________ be in the teachers’ office.
A．may B．must C．can
16．—Wow… another gift! What’s in the box?
—I’m not sure. It ________ be a pair of sports shoes.
A．must B．can’t C．may
17．— Whose physics book is this?
— It ________ be Helen’s because her name is on it.
A．mustn’t B．must C．might
18．—Look, someone left a book.
—Oh, yeah. This book ________ be Kitty’s. Only she likes to read this kind of book.
A．can B．must C．may D．might
19．—Who does the magazine belong to?
—It ________ be Carla’s. Here is her name on the cover.
A．may B．must
C．might D．could
20．—Look! The light in Mr. Li’s office is still on.
—He ________ be working there. I saw him walk in just five minutes ago.
A．must B．can’t C．would D．shouldn’t
21．—I’m going to give up learning the guzheng. My fingers hurt so much.
—Don’t lose heart. Keep practicing. There _______be a good result if you stick to it.
A．must B．mustn’t C．can D．can’t
22．—Whose dictionary is this?
—It ________ be Jeff’s. Look! His name is on Page One.
A．needn’t B．can’t C．must D．might
23．—Mr. Lee ________ be in the City Park now.
—I agree with you. He is always the first one.
A．may B．can C．must
24．—Look! There are so many people queuing in front of the restaurant. The food there ________ be very delicious.
—Sounds good. Let’s go and eat there.
A．can B．must C．can’t D．need
25．—Whose book is this?
—It ________ be Li Ming’s. His name is on the cover.
A．must B．can C．may D．might
26．You ________ be tired after walking so long, you ________ have a rest right now.
A．must; should B．can; need C．may; mustn’t D．need; can’t
27．—The paper cutting is pretty lively. Who made it?
—It ________ be Mary. None of us except her is able to do it.
A．must B．can C．need
28．—Where are you going for your summer holiday, Tom?
—I haven’t decided yet. I ________ go to Xi’an with my parents.
A．must B．need C．may D．should
29．—Do you think we ________ go to the same high school?
—I hope so.
A．must B．may C．should D．need
30．Mr. Richard is on time for everything. How ________ it be that he was late for the opening ceremony?
A．would B．could C．may D．must
二、完成句子
31．图坦卡蒙国王的死可能和一种疾病有关。
King Tut’s death ________ ________ related to an illness.
32．It must be Carla’s red blouse. (对划线部分提问)
________ red blouse ________ it be?
33．那不可能是真正的金面具，它太轻了。
That ________ ________ a real gold mask. It’s much too light.
34．Many people think the tomb must be the king’s. (改为否定推测句)
Many people think the tomb ________ ________ the king’s.
35．修复一本古籍可能要花费好几年的时间。
It ________ take years ________ repair one ancient book.
36．我猜想他可能知道记忆的秘诀。
I guess he ________ ________ the secret of memory.
37．古代中国人一定非常精通制作丝绸的技艺。
The ancient Chinese ________ ________ been very skilled at making silk.
38．她小时候一定很擅长跳舞，还拿过很多比赛奖项。
She ________ ________ ________ good at ________ when she was a kid. She won many competition prizes.
39．The man standing under the tree must be our new classmate. (改为否定句)
The man standing under the tree ________ ________ our new classmate.
40．经过这么漫长的旅行，你一定很累了。
You ________ ________ very tired after such a long journey.
一、语法填空
（26-27九年级上·四川遂宁·阶段检测）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to The Ballad of Mulan (<木兰辞>), Mulan was born in the Northern Wei Dynasty.
Her father was a retired soldier. 1 (train) Mulan’s courage, he taught Mulan Wushu and how to ride, shoot arrows (箭), and use a sword (剑) when she was a child. As she got older, her talents grew 2 (strong) than before.
Her life changed when the Rouran launched raids (发起突袭) on the Northern Wei Dynasty’s northern frontier (边境). To protect the land, the emperor 3 (order) every family to send a man to fight. Mulan’s little brother was too young to join the army. So the name of Mulan’s old father was 4 the list.
Mulan was worried about the situation and she made a 5 (decide) to replace her father in the military draft (兵役征召).
She dressed 6 (she) up as a man and started her army life on the frontier. Mulan finally returned home 7 (success) after 12 years. To praise her bravery during the war, the emperor wanted to give her a position of officer, 8 Mulan refused. She said she just hoped to be with her family.
People admire her as 9 hero because she was brave, and always cared about her family.
The story of Mulan has been passed down for 10 (century) and she has also been a welcome character in many literary works and works of art.
（26-27九年级上·福建·阶段检测）阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。
Qin Shihuang is a widely known emperor in Chinese history. During his rule, he ordered his men to build a huge army of life-sized terracotta warriors (兵马俑). These, he hoped, would guard him after his 1 (die).
Today, the soldiers in Xi’an’s terracotta museum are light brown, but they 2 (be) not always this color. They began as an army of red, blue, yellow, green, white, and purple. 3 (sad), most of the colors did not last to the present day. 4 their discovery, these soldiers were protected by being underground. When they were dug out, however, the air caused the coating under the paint to fall off. The paint disappeared in 5 (little) time than it takes to boil an egg, taking with it important pieces of history.
New technology is used to protect the army’s true 6 (color). Recently, more than a hundred soldiers have been discovered. Many of these still have 7 (they) painted features, including black hair, pink faces, and black or brown eyes. Chinese and German researchers have developed a special material to make sure that the colors will be kept. After finding 8 soldier, experts spray (喷洒) it with the material. They then cover it in plastic.
Experts are also finding colors in the dirt around Xi’an’s terracotta soldiers. They consider it important not to touch the dirt, so the colors won’t be 9 (lose). The next challenging thing is to find a way to apply the colors to the army again. Once that happens, artists can bring Emperor Qin’s army back 10 life in full color.
二、选词填空
（26-27九年级上·湖北十堰·阶段检测）阅读短文，从方框中选出正确的词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
advice whole wise manage for brave lead tasks speak greatly
During the Warring States Period, there was a man named Chunyu Kun in the State of Qi. Although he had an ordinary look, he was wise and good at 1 . He successfully finished many diplomatic (外交的) 2 for Qi.
At that time, King Wei of Qi ignored state affairs (不理朝政). The 3 state was in a mess, and neighbouring states took the chance to attack Qi. Worse still, the king had a bad temper and hated others’ 4 , so no one dared to speak up.
However, Chunyu Kun was 5 enough to speak to the king and couldn’t just watch the king sit there and do nothing. Knowing the king liked riddles (谜语), he said, “There is a big bird in the palace. It has stayed there 6 three years without flying or singing. Do you know what bird it is?” The king understood that he was the bird. He replied, “That bird will surprise the world once it starts to fly high and sing loudly.”
After that, the king changed 7 . He worked hard to 8 the state well. Soon, Qi became powerful, and as a result, its people 9 a happy life. Chunyu Kun’s 10 helped wake up the king and the story shows how wise words can help change a person.
（26-27九年级上·浙江金华·阶段检测）请先阅读下面短文，用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。每词限用一次。
appear reason value complete explain mystery make record however
Sanxingdui boomed during the late Shang Dynasty and had a highly developed bronze culture. However, there is no written 1 of this civilization(文明), so we once knew very little about it.
For years, experts have been trying hard to solve the 2 behind Sanxingdui. One big mystery of them is that the Sanxingdui civilization disappeared suddenly.
Hundreds of jade(玉), bronze, and 3 things were broken, burned and buried. Then the civilization disappeared 4 . Where did its people go? What happened to them?
Around the same time, a similar civilization 5 in Jinsha, about 38 kilometers from Sanxingdui. Experts generally accept that the Jinsha civilization is a continuation(延续) of the Sanxingdui culture. 6 , the reason for the move remains a secret.
Wars? Floods? After the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake, Fan Niannian, a scientist studying rivers at Sichuan University suggested that the actual 7 might have been a big earthquake.
He 8 , “The earthquake may not have destroyed Sanxingdui directly. Instead, it could have caused a landslide(山崩) that changed the direction of the Minjiang River. This would have cut off the water supply. Without water, the Sanxingdui people had no choice but to move.”
Professor Fan’s idea 9 sense, but it still doesn’t explain why they broke and buried their treasures instead of taking them away.
Was it part of a sacrificial ceremony(祭祀仪式)? There is proof suggesting that they did not do it in a hurry—it was done with purpose. That’s what still remains so mysterious.
1 / 12
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$
资源预览图
