精品解析：上海市第六十中学2026-2027学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷

2026学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷 时长：120分钟 满分：140分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A 1. A. To the library. B. To the car factory. C. To the dormitory. D. To the backyard. 2. A. He is not feeling well today. B. He has not made the phone calls yet. C. He failed to finish the project on time. D. He forgot to meet the woman last night. 3. A. Bad weather kept many people from attending the lecture. B. He did not expect to see so many people at the lecture. C. The lecture started much earlier because of the rain. D. The professor talked about something too unusual. 4. A. Take both sweaters along. B. Choose the warmer sweater (毛衣). C. Pick the bright-colored sweater. D. Wear a heavy coat instead of a sweater 5. A. The manager will be available before the meeting. B. The manager is too busy to see the man now. C. The man should come back tomorrow. D. The man should go to the meeting. 6. A. The man should buy a watch in a jewelry store. B. The man has been looking at poorly made watches. C. The watches in the jewelry store are even more expensive. D. The jewelry store doesn’t have a good selection of watches. 7.A. Doubtful B. Surprised. C. Reluctant. D. Disappointed. 8. A. Chess is more difficult. B. Bridge takes more time to learn. C. Both games are played worldwide. D. He can’t compare the two games. 9. A. The principal is waiting to see her. B. Her fellowship (助学金) was announced first. C. Her fellowship depends on her grades. D. All of the applicants received fellowships. 10. A. He’s not feeling well. B. He can’t see very well. C. His eye doesn’t hurt very much. D. His eye isn’t healing very quickly. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A biologist. B. A zoo keeper. C. A psychologist. D. An animal scientist. 12. A. They are more attached to human beings. B. They need more research projects. C. They usually attract more visitors. D. They are endangered animals. 13. A. Show them how to feed the animals. B. Write reports about animals’ habits. C. Provide explanation about each animal. D. Assist with medical procedures. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. What British people prefer in daily language use. B. How Americans have developed their own language. C. The reasons why British English differs from American English. D. Some differences between American English and British English. 15. A. Tutorial APP. B. Get tutoring. C. E-learning. D. College life. 16. A. It involves a lot of discussion. B. There are several hundred listeners. C. Several teachers are talking one by one. D. Related materials are handed out beforehand. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Whether some health tips are true. B. What doctors do to keep themselves fit. C. Why some rumors (谣言) spread more widely than others. D. How people avoid the damage caused by unhealthy lifestyles. 18. A. Skimmed milk. B. Shellfish. C. Soy sauce. D. Chocolate. 19. A. It is a natural sitting position. B. It does less harm than leaning back slightly. C. It may cause lower-back pain. D. It proves beneficial for office workers. 20. A. To improve citizens’ eyesight. B. To promote the advantages of carrots. C. To conceal (隐藏) the truth. D. To detect enemy bombers (轰炸机). II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. By the time the new policy officially takes effect next spring, the local government ________ (carry) out a series of surveys to collect opinions from residents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 2. It was the third time that the Mexican ________ (question) by the police about the case, yet he kept denying any involvement. (所给词的适当形式填空) 3. When we landed at the airport early in the morning, we were told that a new subway line ________ (build) beneath the city center. (所给词的适当形式填空) 4. The manager told us that the suggestion that more funds ________ (raise) to protect the historic buildings had been rejected at the board meeting the day before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 5. The rescue team was about to withdraw (撤离) from the flood-stricken area when they ________ (spot) a little girl trapped on the roof of a ruined house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 6. Great changes, in the eyes of the public, ________ (take) place in the remote mountainous areas since the urbanization policy was carried out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 7. The number of tourists to the ancient town ______ (rise) sharply over the past five years, which means more locals have found jobs related to tourism. (所给词的适当形式填空) 8. The team had hardly settled into the newly-built shelter when a heavy storm ________ (strike), destroying most of their supplies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 9. Considering the great efforts we have put in, the adventure we are about to take is well worth ________ (try) despite all the possible risks ahead. (所给词的适当形式填空) 10. The International Film Festival thousands of movie fans nationwide had been eagerly looking forward to ________ (hold) in Shanghai last week, attracting a large number of famous directors and actors. (所给词的适当形式填空) Section B Directions: Fill in the blank to make the following passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Sanlitun is an area of Beijing popular for outings. Yet its recent attraction was unique. A concert ____11____ features music pieces by famous composers has taken place there. The concert also opened this year’s China Youth Music Competition-Hummingbird Music Award. The competition ____12____ (base) on the German Music Council’s music competition for young performers in Germany. Winners of the two competitions are offered the opportunity ____13____ (perform). Zhang, organizer of the concert, met Benedikt Holtbernd, the artistic manager of the German Music Council in 2014. Since then the event ____14____ (serve) as an important cultural bridge between young people of China and Germany. In Sanlitun the young musicians show their musical talent and the beauty of chamber music. Because they do it at close range, they ____15____ receive immediate response from the audience. One of the performers is Jiang, who is studying at the middle school of the Central Conservatory of Music. ____16____ he first took part in the competition in 2016, he performed with another performer. ____17____ was a rare chance for him to play with another person ____18____ shared the joy of music with him. “It was an eye-opening experience because I got to know a total foreign musical instrument and as a team we won first prize.” He is now keen ____19____ playing chamber music and he is prepared to study conducting, which will allow him to become ____20____ (skillful) in playing other musical instruments. Section C Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. concerned B. pop C. forum D. steps E. values F. act G. faded H. contribute I. signaled J. cover K. permits 21. Delegates from over 100 countries were invited to attend the Belt and Road ________, which was targeted at cooperation and a win-win outcome in economy. 22. The international community encourages citizens to ________ golden ideas for a low-carbon lifestyle. 23. There will be an interval of 15 minutes after the second ________, during which the viewers who are late are allowed to go into the theatre. 24. After the waitress served the last serving of dessert, the diner ________ to her for the bill. 25. Only with the work ________ issued by Chinese Labor, is it legal for foreigners to work part-time in China. 26. In the case of the school bullying, both the tough guys and the school ________ came to the press conference to apologize to the poor boy. 27. The Central Broadcasting Station was scheduled to ________ the latest progress of the digging site. 28. Many theaters, featuring immersive experience, ________ up overnight, in which spectators feel as if they were the roles. 29. It is, no doubt, an old and broken apartment, whose wallpaper and curtains have ________ in the sun. 30. The biologists are taking ________ to preserve the biodiversity and wild animal habitats in case of the large-scale extinction. Section D Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. daily B. alone C. plant D. drinkable E. preserve F. consumption G. opportunity H. removal I. decreasing J. purified K. adequate Global demand for water is increasing as many countries are experiencing large population growth. Even in countries where the water supply is ___31___, people are beginning to realize how precious it is. As a result, many countries are developing ways to increase and ___32___ their supplies of fresh water. One such solution is desalination, the process by which salt water is turned into ___33___ fresh water. This involves the ___34___ of salt compounds and other chemicals from the salt water. The main disadvantage of this method has been the cost. Consequently, a cheaper and more flexible method has been developed, whereby salt water is ___35___ by passing it through membranes (薄膜). In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), desalination has helped make up for the lack of natural fresh water. The first desalination ___36___ was set up in the UAE in 1960, producing 56,250 litres of fresh water a day. As the demand for fresh water has grown, so has the importance of desalination. Experts forecast that in the next year, 2.7 billion litres of fresh water will be required ___37___ in the UAE, the majority of it being produced by desalination. The water crisis (危机) is not a problem unique to dry countries. In countries with relatively high rainfall, water shortages can still occur because of leakages (泄露). In addition, the average daily ___38___ of water has risen to as much as 150 litres per person in recent years, due to the increased use of modern technology in our homes. To overcome these problems, the public are encouraged to limit their consumption, and the water companies are being forced to repair pipes. The demand for water will increase throughout this century, and therefore more countries will turn to desalination as the solution to their ___39___ water supplies. However, as water shortages become more widespread due to global warming, this ___40___ will not be enough to solve the problem. Governments will have to ensure that water companies operate efficiently and the public will learn that water is a precious resource to be used economically. III. Reading Comprehension Section A NANNING — Every Monday morning in Mentun Village, locals gather in their rural library to share books and they are often ___41___ by book lovers from nearby villages. The tennis court-sized library is now the place many locals ___42___ in the village. The village’s library was previously a small office, where about 3,000 books were ___43___, according to village official Tao Hanshan. “There wasn’t enough room in the library for visitors to read or ___44___ books, and villagers didn’t want to come,” says Tao. The village was once stuck in ___45___, and most villagers were trying to make a living back then. They ___46___ had any interest in reading, according to Tao. “The village had no extra ___47___ for the library project,” he recalls, adding that, at the time, some of the library’s books were also outdated. As Chinese authorities urged efforts to provide better services and facilities in ___48___ libraries, these improved libraries have seen ___49___ numbers of visitors in recent years. In April last year, a local bookstore donated 30,000 new books and supporting facilities to the library in Mentun Village, which allowed the library to be significantly ____50____. Ruan Wencheng, a villager in his 50s, has since become a regular library visitor. “Last year, my family tried to raise silkworms, but we ____51____ due to a lack of silkworm knowledge,” says Ruan. “Experts are not always in the village, so I now often come to the library to read and borrow books related to silkworm ____52____. I have learned a lot.” Tao says that the library now continuously adjusts its books according to the needs of villagers, and it is gaining ____53____. More and more people are coming. To make libraries in the countryside more attractive, authorities have taken various measures in villages across the country. Take the library of the Nanzhan Residential Community in the Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County of Guangxi as ____54____. All residents were relocated from poor and remote areas of the county, so more books for younger readers have been included in the library’s collection. The past few years have also witnessed the ____55____ of digitized rural libraries. Provincial and regional authorities across the country have been promoting digital reading in rural areas, using TV sets, mobile applications and online libraries. “Many books are now available in digital libraries and I can read them on my TV,” says Ruan. “My life has been enriched.” 41. A. joined B. interviewed C. bothered D. criticized 42. A. donate B. repair C. frequent D. follow 43. A. used B. available C. borrowed D. deserted 44. A. share B. produce C. remove D. purchase 45. A. poverty B. construction C. travel D. quarrel 46. A. carefully B. freely C. barely D. thoughtfully 47. A. freedom B. money C. peace D. protection 48. A. rural B. private C. metropolitan D. primary 49. A. unknown B. increasing C. possible D. imaginary 50. A. upgraded B. overloaded C. absorbed D. transferred 51. A. fought B. fled C. failed D. emptied 52. A. breeding B. cycle C. secrets D. exchange 53. A. popularity B. profit C. balance D. choices 54. A. the model B. the evolution C. the reform D. an example 55. A. break B. ban C. symbol D. boom Section B (A) Making lists is relaxing. It makes you feel important — all those things to do. It calms you down (it’s OK, it’s on a list somewhere) and it makes you feel good when you cross something off. The world divides into two types of list-makers. Type A makes orderly lists, priorities (优先级) and calmly sets to work on them. Type B waits until panic sets in, grabs the nearest envelope and writes all over it, sighs with relief and immediately loses it. The more you have to do, the more you need a list, and few people with high-powered jobs get by without them. Julie Rost, chief executive of a large chain of supermarkets, says, “Before I go to bed, I have to write down everything that’s going to stop me sleeping. If I write something down, I feel I won’t forget it, so my lists are a great comfort.” Jane Levy used to write lists, but she would forget where she put them and then waste precious time looking for them. Then a couple of years ago she came up with a new system. Now she writes key words on the back of her hand! “At least I can’t lose it,” she says. True, but too many trips to the bathroom could have disastrous results. Des O’Brien, a self-employed business consultant, uses another method for organizing his time. He writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories: things that have to be done straight away; other things that it would be good to do today, things that are important but don’t have to be done immediately; and things that he can put off but that he doesn’t want to forget. “Using categories to order the world is the way the human mind works,” he says. So what are you waiting for? There’s no better time than the present to take control of your work and life. So, get out your pencil and paper and make a list. 56. Type A list-makers and Type B ones are different in ________. A. how the lists they make help them calm down B. whether they can handle the panic they are faced with C. how they deal with the lists they make after using them D. whether they list what they are going to do in an organized way 57. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE concerning making lists? A. Crossing things off brings greater comfort than making lists. B. Most people who hold important positions at work make lists. C. Forgetful people shouldn’t keep lists to save time spent looking for them. D. More research needs to be done about how human mind works to make lists. 58. Des O’Brien categorizes the things he needs to do according to the degree of ________. A. urgency but not importance B. importance but not urgency C. both urgency and importance D. neither urgency nor importance 59. The passage is mainly intended to ________. A. persuade people to make lists B. classify the ways of making lists C. introduce the people good at making lists D. give tips on how to identify list-makers (B) As the summer travel season rolls in, prices at the gas pump are usually going in the wrong direction for our wallets. That’s when drivers become more concerned about how to squeeze the most miles from their fuel dollars and keep their cars running their best. To help you stay in the know, here are some common questions that our auto-experts often get asked about gas mileage and related topics: What if I need to carry stuff on my car’s roof? Carrying things on the roof hurts fuel economy. When tested a 2013 Honda Accord at a steady 65 mph①, it got 42 mpg② with nothing on the roof. Adding even an empty bike rack（架子）dropped the mileage by 5 mpg. And with two bikes on the roof, gas mileage dropped to 27mpg. Does running the A/C① hurt fuel economy compared with opening the windows? It depends on-how hard the air-conditioning system has to work. When we measured the fuel-economy difference, we found that fuel use with the A/C running went up with higher outside temperatures. At 55℃ F, there were unnoticeable differences. But when we measured again on days when the temperature was in the low 70s and high 80s, we got fewer miles per gallon with the A/C on. How far can I go when my low-fuel warning light comes on? There is no set rule, but most cars have a reserve of between 1 and 2 gallons of gas when the light goes on, or enough to travel about 40 miles or so at a moderate speed. To maximize those last couple of gallons, we suggest slowing down and maintaining a steady pace. Can I improve gas mileage by installing a special air filter（过滤器）? With modern cars, changing your air filter probably won’t improve your fuel economy. When we tested a car to see whether a dirty air filter hurt its gas mileage because of reduced air intake, we found that the car’s fuel economy wasn’t hurt. The engine’s computer automatically made up for the restricted airflow by reducing fuel use to maintain the right air/fuel proportion. We expect similar results from any air-filter change. ①mph: mile per hour ②mpg: mile per gallon ③A/C: air-conditioning 60. The passage is intended to give answers to questions related to _____. A. how to save fuel B. what fuel drivers can use C. how to keep cars working well D. what mileage is most suitable for a car 61. It is suggested in the passage that ______. A. a special air filter be installed to improve air intake B. the engine’s computer be updated as often as possible C. drivers carry an empty bike rack on the roof just in case D. cars move at a fixed low speed with a warning of low fuel 62. At which temperature is there a most noticeable difference in fuel economy between running A/C and opening the window? A. 40° F B. 51° F C. 55° F D. 73° F (C) Giving up alcohol for January? For many people, in the UK at least, it has become a ritual (惯例) in recent years. The assumption is that taking a break will help your liver to recover from the seasonal damage caused by alcohol and rich food. Does it work? Upon investigation, we found little research on the effects of such behavior. We thought that was surprising. So a group of New Scientist volunteers took part in a ground-breaking study organized by medical researchers at University College London. The initial results are striking, suggesting that abstinence significantly improves your health by reducing levels of liver fat, cholesterol and blood glucose. Fascinating, but we’ll have to wait for larger studies before we can be confident of how large or enduring those benefits really are. But a period of abstinence may have consequences beyond the physiological. The health benefits of a one-month break may prove to be inconsequential when set against drinking for the rest of the year — certainly if people take the break as license to increase their alcohol intake at other times. Habitual drinkers can find it difficult to negotiate (应对) social events without alcohol. But get over the initial discomfort of drying out, and healthier habits may follow. Several New Scientist participants reported they found it easier to decline alcohol after the study had ended, or to start an evening off with low-alcohol drinks. But the lack of palatable, non-sugary choices proved frustrating: perhaps drinks manufacturers could make more effort to cater to (迎合) the month-off market. This is, of course, just the experience of a handful of people. But the potential for people to rewrite their contract with alcohol may prove a stronger argument for dialing back on alcoholic drink for a while every year than any health benefits. Worth considering as you decide whether to open another bottle of wine. 63. The word “abstinence” (in paragraph 3 and 4) most probably refers to ________. A. taking a rest after work B. not eating too much food C. having a yearly ritual D. not having alcohol 64. After giving up alcohol for just January, the New Scientist volunteers tended to ________. A. say no to alcohol more easily B. turn to psychological doctors for help C. drink more alcohol for the rest of the year D. change from habitual drinkers into infrequent ones 65. What does the author imply about New Scientist’s study? A. It has been more difficult than expected. B. Its findings need to be confirmed by more research. C. Its methods are different from those of previous ones. D. It has made medical researchers uncomfortable. 66. What is the passage mainly about? A. Health benefits brought about by an alcohol-free life remains to be explored. B. New Scientist’s research on the effects of alcohol proves ground-breaking. C. January may be a good month to start a new habit every year. D. A short break from wine may have long-lasting positive consequences. Section C Laughlab The search involved travel abroad, a website, 40,000 printable jokes, more than two million ratings (评级) from 70 countries, a year’s exhaustive breakdown of humor by age, sex and nationality, and a brain scan of someone listening to jokes. Laughlab, an experiment set up more than a year ago, established that the British, Irish, New Zealanders and Australians prefer a play on words and that the French, Danes and Belgians have a taste for the surreal. ___67___ The Germans apparently have the broadest sense of humor — if only because they have no national preference, and therefore find almost anything funny. “It has been a fascinating year,” said Richard Wiseman, a psychologist at the University of Hertfordshire, and founder of Laughlab. “But if I hear one more joke I’m going to beat someone.” The winning joke was the product of international selection including ratings by website visitors. It was one of a series of jokes read to a volunteer who was being given a brain scan. With each joke, a specific area at the front of the volunteer’s brain lit up. ___68___ “It fits in with other research, because if people have damage to that part of the brain, then they lose their sense of humor,” Dr Wiseman said. ___69___ In a study of British regional variation, the Welsh were the keenest on jokes in general, and the Scots were the least keen. The LaughLab computers counted the number of words in every joke that people submitted. According to the data, jokes containing 103 words are the funniest. Interestingly, the winning hunters’ joke is 102 words long — almost the perfect length for a joke! Many of the jokes submitted contained references to animals. The researchers found that jokes mentioning ducks were seen as funnier than other jokes. ___70___ Regardless, the implication is clear — if you are going to tell a joke involving an animal, make it a duck. A. Perhaps it’s because of webbed feet or odd shape. B. There was also a reaction in an area linked to memory, showing recognition of an old joke. C. Careful analysis of the data revealed that people found the jokes funniest on the 7th October at 6:03 in the evening. D. Americans and Canadians, on the other hand, laugh at jokes showing one group’s superiority over another. E. It has been like being trapped in the back of a taxi with a driver who constantly says, “Here is one that you have never heard.” F. There were other discoveries. IV. Translation 71. 自从搬到国外之后，你对文化冲击的看法是否发生了巨大变化？（attitude）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 72. 杨利伟是第一个进入太空的中国人，他的精神鼓舞了许多追逐梦想的年轻人。(set) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 73. 上海的高房价使外卖员很难租到预算范围内的公寓。（it）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 74. 当她在埃及旅行时，她花了一整天参观金字塔，并且被那些古老遗迹深深吸引。(spend) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 75. 考虑到家庭经济状况，她十分纠结是出国进修还是马上工作。（tear）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ IV. Guided Writing 76. Directions: Write a composition in no less than 100 words according to the following instructions. As a freshman in high school, how do you plan to spend your high school years? What do you hope to do to make your high school experience one of the best times of your life? Please elaborate from various perspectives, such as academics, making friends, and personal growth. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026学年第一学期期中考试高一英语试卷 时长：120分钟 满分：140分 I. Listening Comprehension Section A 1. A. To the library. B. To the car factory. C. To the dormitory. D. To the backyard. 2. A. He is not feeling well today. B. He has not made the phone calls yet. C. He failed to finish the project on time. D. He forgot to meet the woman last night. 3. A. Bad weather kept many people from attending the lecture. B. He did not expect to see so many people at the lecture. C. The lecture started much earlier because of the rain. D. The professor talked about something too unusual. 4. A. Take both sweaters along. B. Choose the warmer sweater (毛衣). C. Pick the bright-colored sweater. D. Wear a heavy coat instead of a sweater 5. A. The manager will be available before the meeting. B. The manager is too busy to see the man now. C. The man should come back tomorrow. D. The man should go to the meeting. 6. A. The man should buy a watch in a jewelry store. B. The man has been looking at poorly made watches. C. The watches in the jewelry store are even more expensive. D. The jewelry store doesn’t have a good selection of watches. 7.A. Doubtful B. Surprised. C. Reluctant. D. Disappointed. 8. A. Chess is more difficult. B. Bridge takes more time to learn. C. Both games are played worldwide. D. He can’t compare the two games. 9. A. The principal is waiting to see her. B. Her fellowship (助学金) was announced first. C. Her fellowship depends on her grades. D. All of the applicants received fellowships. 10. A. He’s not feeling well. B. He can’t see very well. C. His eye doesn’t hurt very much. D. His eye isn’t healing very quickly. Section B Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. A biologist. B. A zoo keeper. C. A psychologist. D. An animal scientist. 12. A. They are more attached to human beings. B. They need more research projects. C. They usually attract more visitors. D. They are endangered animals. 13. A. Show them how to feed the animals. B. Write reports about animals’ habits. C. Provide explanation about each animal. D. Assist with medical procedures. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. What British people prefer in daily language use. B. How Americans have developed their own language. C. The reasons why British English differs from American English. D. Some differences between American English and British English. 15. A. Tutorial APP. B. Get tutoring. C. E-learning. D. College life. 16. A. It involves a lot of discussion. B. There are several hundred listeners. C. Several teachers are talking one by one. D. Related materials are handed out beforehand. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. Whether some health tips are true. B. What doctors do to keep themselves fit. C. Why some rumors (谣言) spread more widely than others. D. How people avoid the damage caused by unhealthy lifestyles. 18. A. Skimmed milk. B. Shellfish. C. Soy sauce. D. Chocolate. 19. A. It is a natural sitting position. B. It does less harm than leaning back slightly. C. It may cause lower-back pain. D. It proves beneficial for office workers. 20. A. To improve citizens’ eyesight. B. To promote the advantages of carrots. C. To conceal (隐藏) the truth. D. To detect enemy bombers (轰炸机). II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. By the time the new policy officially takes effect next spring, the local government ________ (carry) out a series of surveys to collect opinions from residents. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】will have carried 【解析】 【详解】句意：到明年春天这项新政策正式生效的时候，当地政府就已经开展一系列调查来收集居民的意见。by the time意为“到……的时候”，引导时间状语从句；从句用一般现在时表将来，主句动作在将来某个时间点之前已经完成，要用将来完成时，其结构为will have done，carry的过去分词是carried。 2. It was the third time that the Mexican ________ (question) by the police about the case, yet he kept denying any involvement. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】had been questioned 【解析】 【详解】句意：这是这名墨西哥人第三次因这起案件被警方讯问，但他始终否认涉案。It was the+序数词+time+that引导的从句是固定句型，从句要用过去完成时；所填词在该从句中作谓语，从句主语the Mexican和动词question之间是语义上的被动关系，要用过去完成时的被动语态had been questioned。 3. When we landed at the airport early in the morning, we were told that a new subway line ________ (build) beneath the city center. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was being built 【解析】 【详解】句意：当我们清晨降落在机场时，我们被告知一条新的地铁线路正在市中心地下修建。that引导宾语从句，主句为一般过去时；“a new subway line”和build之间是被动关系，且在当时那个时刻动作正在进行，要用过去进行时的被动语态，其结构为was/were being done，主语a new subway line为第三人称单数，build的过去分词是built。 4. The manager told us that the suggestion that more funds ________ (raise) to protect the historic buildings had been rejected at the board meeting the day before. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】should be raised##be raised 【解析】 【详解】句意：经理告诉我们，筹集更多资金用来保护历史建筑这一建议在前一天的董事会上遭到了否决。that引导同位语从句解释suggestion，表建议的名词后同位语从句要用虚拟语气，从句的谓语动词为“(should) do”，funds和raise之间是被动关系，要用被动语态，所以谓语动词为(should) be raised。 5. The rescue team was about to withdraw (撤离) from the flood-stricken area when they ________ (spot) a little girl trapped on the roof of a ruined house. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】spotted 【解析】 【详解】句意：救援队正要从洪灾地区撤离，这时他们发现一个小女孩被困在一栋被毁房屋的屋顶上。此处为固定句型be about to do…when…表示“正要做某事这时……”，主句为一般过去时，when引导的分句也要使用一般过去时，spot的过去式是spotted。 6. Great changes, in the eyes of the public, ________ (take) place in the remote mountainous areas since the urbanization policy was carried out. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have taken 【解析】 【详解】句意：在公众看来，自从城镇化政策实施以来，偏远山区发生了巨大的变化。since意为“自从”，引导时间状语从句，从句为一般过去时；主句动作从过去持续到现在，要用现在完成时，其结构为have/has done，主语Great changes为复数，take的过去分词是taken。 7. The number of tourists to the ancient town ______ (rise) sharply over the past five years, which means more locals have found jobs related to tourism. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】has risen 【解析】 【详解】句意：五年来，前往这座古镇的游客数量急剧上升，这意味着更多当地人找到了和旅游业相关的工作。所填词作谓语，over the past five years是现在完成时的标志性短语；主语The number of tourists to the ancient town是the number of+复数名词结构，表示单数概念，谓语要用第三人称单数形式，与动词rise之间是语义上的主动关系，要用现在完成时的主动语态has risen。 8. The team had hardly settled into the newly-built shelter when a heavy storm ________ (strike), destroying most of their supplies. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】struck 【解析】 【详解】句意：队伍刚在新建的避难所安顿下来，一场猛烈的暴风雨就袭来，毁掉了他们大部分物资。hardly...when...是固定句型，意为“一……就……”，该句型中主句常用过去完成时，when引导的时间状语从句需用一般过去时，strike的过去式为struck。 9. Considering the great efforts we have put in, the adventure we are about to take is well worth ________ (try) despite all the possible risks ahead. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】trying 【解析】 【详解】句意：考虑到我们已经付出的巨大努力，尽管前方存在各种潜在风险，我们即将开启的这场冒险很值得一试。此处为固定搭配be worth doing表示“值得做”，使用主动形式表达被动含义，worth前面可加well来加强语气，所以此处为trying。 10. The International Film Festival thousands of movie fans nationwide had been eagerly looking forward to ________ (hold) in Shanghai last week, attracting a large number of famous directors and actors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was held 【解析】 【详解】句意：全国成千上万影迷一直热切期盼的国际电影节上周在上海举办，吸引了众多知名导演和演员。“thousands of movie fans nationwide had been eagerly looking forward to”为省略关系代词的定语从句修饰句子主语“The International Film Festival”，此处为谓语动词，主语和hold是被动关系，结合时间状语last week可知，此处用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，所以谓语动词为was held。 Section B Directions: Fill in the blank to make the following passage coherent. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word. For the other blanks, fill in each blank with one proper word. Make sure that your answers are grammatically correct. Sanlitun is an area of Beijing popular for outings. Yet its recent attraction was unique. A concert ____11____ features music pieces by famous composers has taken place there. The concert also opened this year’s China Youth Music Competition-Hummingbird Music Award. The competition ____12____ (base) on the German Music Council’s music competition for young performers in Germany. Winners of the two competitions are offered the opportunity ____13____ (perform). Zhang, organizer of the concert, met Benedikt Holtbernd, the artistic manager of the German Music Council in 2014. Since then the event ____14____ (serve) as an important cultural bridge between young people of China and Germany. In Sanlitun the young musicians show their musical talent and the beauty of chamber music. Because they do it at close range, they ____15____ receive immediate response from the audience. One of the performers is Jiang, who is studying at the middle school of the Central Conservatory of Music. ____16____ he first took part in the competition in 2016, he performed with another performer. ____17____ was a rare chance for him to play with another person ____18____ shared the joy of music with him. “It was an eye-opening experience because I got to know a total foreign musical instrument and as a team we won first prize.” He is now keen ____19____ playing chamber music and he is prepared to study conducting, which will allow him to become ____20____ (skillful) in playing other musical instruments. 【答案】11. which##that 12. is based 13. to perform 14. has served 15. can 16. When 17. It 18. who 19. on 20. more skillful 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了在北京三里屯进行的青少年“蜂鸟音乐奖”音乐比赛。 【11题详解】 考查定语从句=。句意：那里曾举办过一场以著名作曲家的作品为特色的音乐会。根据句子结构可知，A concert为先行词，为物，后接限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，设空处应用关系代词which/that，引导定语从句。故填which或that。 【12题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：该比赛是基于德国音乐委员会为德国年轻表演者举办的音乐比赛。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语动词，陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时，base与逻辑主语之间为动宾关系，应用被动语态，主语The competition为单数，助动词用is。故填is based。 【13题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：两项比赛的获胜者将有机会表演。名词短语the opportunity to do sth意为“做某事的机会”，动词不定式作后置定语，修饰opportunity。故填to perform。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：此后，该活动成为中德两国青年交流的重要文化桥梁。根据句子结构可知，设空处应填谓语动词；根据时间状语Since then，设空处应填现在完成时态；主语the event，单数，助动词应用has。故填has served。 【15题详解】 考查情态动词。句意：因为他们是在近距离表演的，所以他们可以立即得到观众的反应。根据句意，设空处应填情态动词can，表示可能性。故填can。 【16题详解】 考查时间状语从句。句意：当他在2016年第一次参加比赛时，他与另一位表演者一起演出。设空处应用连接词when，引导时间状语从句，表明他与另一位表演者一起演出的时间，设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填When。 【17题详解】 考查it作形式主语。句意：能和与他一起分享音乐乐趣的人一起演奏是非常难得的机会。动词不定式to play with another person为主语，应用不定代词it作形式主语；设空处在句首，单词首字母要大写。故填It。 【18题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：能和与他一起分享音乐乐趣的人一起演奏是非常难得的机会。根据句子结构，another person为先行词，为人，后接限制性定语从句，先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：他现在热衷于演奏室内乐，并准备学习指挥，这将使他在演奏其他乐器时更加熟练。此处考查短语be keen on意为“喜欢，爱好……”。故填on。 【20题详解】 考查形容词比较等级。句意：他现在热衷于演奏室内乐，并准备学习指挥，这将使他在演奏其他乐器时更加熟练。根据语境，他通过学习指挥，使他在演奏其他乐器时，比以往更加熟练，应用比较等级。故填more skillful。 Section C Directions: Complete the following sentences by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. concerned B. pop C. forum D. steps E. values F. act G. faded H. contribute I. signaled J. cover K. permits 21. Delegates from over 100 countries were invited to attend the Belt and Road ________, which was targeted at cooperation and a win-win outcome in economy. 22. The international community encourages citizens to ________ golden ideas for a low-carbon lifestyle. 23. There will be an interval of 15 minutes after the second ________, during which the viewers who are late are allowed to go into the theatre. 24. After the waitress served the last serving of dessert, the diner ________ to her for the bill. 25. Only with the work ________ issued by Chinese Labor, is it legal for foreigners to work part-time in China. 26. In the case of the school bullying, both the tough guys and the school ________ came to the press conference to apologize to the poor boy. 27. The Central Broadcasting Station was scheduled to ________ the latest progress of the digging site. 28. Many theaters, featuring immersive experience, ________ up overnight, in which spectators feel as if they were the roles. 29. It is, no doubt, an old and broken apartment, whose wallpaper and curtains have ________ in the sun. 30. The biologists are taking ________ to preserve the biodiversity and wild animal habitats in case of the large-scale extinction. 【答案】21. C 22. H 23. F 24. I 25. K 26. A 27. J 28. B 29. G 30. D 【解析】 【21题详解】 考查名词。句意：来自一百多个国家的代表受邀出席一带一路论坛，该论坛旨在经济方面开展合作，实现共赢。结合“the Belt and Road”可知，此处表达“论坛”，使用名词forum。 【22题详解】 考查动词。句意：国际社会鼓励市民为低碳生活方式贡献好点子。结合“golden ideas”可知，此处表达“贡献”，使用动词contribute，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：第二幕结束后会有十五分钟的中场休息，在此期间迟到的观众可以进入剧院。结合“theatre”可知，此处表达“一幕”，使用名词act。 【24题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：女服务员端上最后一份甜点之后，就餐者向她示意结账。结合“to her for the bill”可知，此处表达“示意”，使用动词signal，根据served可知用一般过去时，所以此处为动词过去式形式。 【25题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：只有持有中国劳动部门颁发的工作许可证，外国人在中国兼职才合法。结合“issued”可知，此处表达“许可证”，使用名词permit，此处表泛指用复数形式。 【26题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在这起校园霸凌事件中，施暴者以及相关校方人员都出席新闻发布会，向这个可怜的男孩道歉。结合“the school”可知，此处表达“有关的”，使用形容词concerned。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：中央广播电台计划报道挖掘现场的最新进展。结合“the latest progress”可知，此处表达“报道”，使用动词cover，不定式符号to后接动词原形。 【28题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：很多主打沉浸式体验的剧院一夜之间涌现，观众身处其中仿佛自己就是剧中角色。结合“up overnight”可知，此处表达“突然出现”，使用固定短语pop up，主语为复数，用一般现在时，谓语动词为动词原形。 【29题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：毫无疑问，这是一间老旧破败的公寓，里面的墙纸和窗帘已经在阳光下褪色了。结合“in the sun”可知，此处表达“褪色”，使用动词fade，前面有助动词have，构成现在完成时，用过去分词。 【30题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：生物学家们正在采取措施保护生物多样性以及野生动物栖息地，以防发生大规模灭绝。结合“to preserve the biodiversity”可知，此处表达“采取措施”，使用固定短语take steps。 Section D Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. daily B. alone C. plant D. drinkable E. preserve F. consumption G. opportunity H. removal I. decreasing J. purified K. adequate Global demand for water is increasing as many countries are experiencing large population growth. Even in countries where the water supply is ___31___, people are beginning to realize how precious it is. As a result, many countries are developing ways to increase and ___32___ their supplies of fresh water. One such solution is desalination, the process by which salt water is turned into ___33___ fresh water. This involves the ___34___ of salt compounds and other chemicals from the salt water. The main disadvantage of this method has been the cost. Consequently, a cheaper and more flexible method has been developed, whereby salt water is ___35___ by passing it through membranes (薄膜). In the United Arab Emirates (UAE), desalination has helped make up for the lack of natural fresh water. The first desalination ___36___ was set up in the UAE in 1960, producing 56,250 litres of fresh water a day. As the demand for fresh water has grown, so has the importance of desalination. Experts forecast that in the next year, 2.7 billion litres of fresh water will be required ___37___ in the UAE, the majority of it being produced by desalination. The water crisis (危机) is not a problem unique to dry countries. In countries with relatively high rainfall, water shortages can still occur because of leakages (泄露). In addition, the average daily ___38___ of water has risen to as much as 150 litres per person in recent years, due to the increased use of modern technology in our homes. To overcome these problems, the public are encouraged to limit their consumption, and the water companies are being forced to repair pipes. The demand for water will increase throughout this century, and therefore more countries will turn to desalination as the solution to their ___39___ water supplies. However, as water shortages become more widespread due to global warming, this ___40___ will not be enough to solve the problem. Governments will have to ensure that water companies operate efficiently and the public will learn that water is a precious resource to be used economically. 【答案】31. K 32. E 33. D 34. H 35. J 36. C 37. A 38. F 39. I 40. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了全球水资源需求不断增长的背景下，海水淡化技术的原理、发展与应用，同时说明了水资源危机的普遍性，指出仅靠海水淡化不足以解决问题，还需多方协同应对。 【31题详解】 考查形容词。句意：即使在供水充足的国家，人们也开始意识到水资源有多珍贵。所填词置于is后面作表语，要填形容词；结合the water supply可知，方框中的形容词adequate意为“充足的、足够的”，符合本句语境。 【32题详解】 考查动词。句意：因此，许多国家正在开发多种方法来增加并保存其淡水供应量。and连接动词原形increase和所填词置于动词不定式符号to之后，要填动词原形；结合their supplies of fresh water可知，方框中的动词preserve意为“保存、保护”，符合本句语境。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：其中一种解决方案是海水淡化，也就是将盐水转化为可饮用淡水的工艺。所填词作定语修饰名词短语fresh water，要填形容词。结合salt water is turned into可知，方框中的形容词drinkable意为“可饮用的”，符合本句语境。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：这一过程需要从盐水中去除盐类化合物和其他化学物质。所填词位于定冠词the与介词of之间，要填名词。结合salt compounds and other chemicals from the salt water可知，方框中的名词removal意为“去除、移除”，符合本句语境。 【35题详解】 考查过去分词。句意：因此人们研发出了一种成本更低、更灵活的方法，让盐水通过薄膜得到净化。salt water是事物名词，所填词位于is之后，其后有by引导的短语，要填过去分词构成一般现在时的被动语态；结合by passing it through membranes (薄膜)可知，方框中的purified是动词purify的过去分词，意为“被净化”，符合本句语境。 【36题详解】 考查名词。句意：1960年，阿联酋建成了第一座海水淡化厂，日产淡水56250升。The first desalination作定语修饰所填词构成主语，要填名词；结合was set up in the UAE in 1960可知，方框中的plant作名词时意为“工厂”，符合本句语境。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：专家预测，明年阿联酋每日将需要27亿升淡水，其中大部分由海水淡化工艺产出。所填词作状语修饰谓语动词will be required，要填副词。结合2.7 billion litres of fresh water will be required可知，方框中的daily作副词时意为“每日”，符合本句语境。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：此外，由于家庭中现代科技的使用增多，近年来人均日用水量已高达150升。the average daily修饰所填词作主语，要填名词；结合has risen to as much as 150 litres per person in recent years可知，方框中的名词consumption意为“消耗”，符合本句语境。 【39题详解】 考查形容词。句意：本世纪全球水资源需求将持续增长，因此更多国家会将海水淡化作为解决自身供水日益减少问题的方案。所填词作定语修饰名词短语water supplies，要填形容词；结合The demand for water will increase throughout this century, and therefore可知，前后分句存在因果关系，可推知国家要解决供水减少的问题，方框中的形容词decreasing意为“不断减少的”，符合本句语境。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：然而，随着全球变暖导致水资源短缺愈发普遍，只有这一点还不足以解决该问题。所填词置于主句主语this之后，this指代上文提到的海水淡化；结合will not be enough to solve the problem可知，方框中的副词alone意为“仅仅、只有”，可以置于代词之后，符合本句语境。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A NANNING — Every Monday morning in Mentun Village, locals gather in their rural library to share books and they are often ___41___ by book lovers from nearby villages. The tennis court-sized library is now the place many locals ___42___ in the village. The village’s library was previously a small office, where about 3,000 books were ___43___, according to village official Tao Hanshan. “There wasn’t enough room in the library for visitors to read or ___44___ books, and villagers didn’t want to come,” says Tao. The village was once stuck in ___45___, and most villagers were trying to make a living back then. They ___46___ had any interest in reading, according to Tao. “The village had no extra ___47___ for the library project,” he recalls, adding that, at the time, some of the library’s books were also outdated. As Chinese authorities urged efforts to provide better services and facilities in ___48___ libraries, these improved libraries have seen ___49___ numbers of visitors in recent years. In April last year, a local bookstore donated 30,000 new books and supporting facilities to the library in Mentun Village, which allowed the library to be significantly ____50____. Ruan Wencheng, a villager in his 50s, has since become a regular library visitor. “Last year, my family tried to raise silkworms, but we ____51____ due to a lack of silkworm knowledge,” says Ruan. “Experts are not always in the village, so I now often come to the library to read and borrow books related to silkworm ____52____. I have learned a lot.” Tao says that the library now continuously adjusts its books according to the needs of villagers, and it is gaining ____53____. More and more people are coming. To make libraries in the countryside more attractive, authorities have taken various measures in villages across the country. Take the library of the Nanzhan Residential Community in the Sanjiang Dong Autonomous County of Guangxi as ____54____. All residents were relocated from poor and remote areas of the county, so more books for younger readers have been included in the library’s collection. The past few years have also witnessed the ____55____ of digitized rural libraries. Provincial and regional authorities across the country have been promoting digital reading in rural areas, using TV sets, mobile applications and online libraries. “Many books are now available in digital libraries and I can read them on my TV,” says Ruan. “My life has been enriched.” 41. A. joined B. interviewed C. bothered D. criticized 42. A. donate B. repair C. frequent D. follow 43. A. used B. available C. borrowed D. deserted 44. A. share B. produce C. remove D. purchase 45. A. poverty B. construction C. travel D. quarrel 46. A. carefully B. freely C. barely D. thoughtfully 47. A. freedom B. money C. peace D. protection 48. A. rural B. private C. metropolitan D. primary 49. A. unknown B. increasing C. possible D. imaginary 50. A. upgraded B. overloaded C. absorbed D. transferred 51. A. fought B. fled C. failed D. emptied 52. A. breeding B. cycle C. secrets D. exchange 53. A. popularity B. profit C. balance D. choices 54. A. the model B. the evolution C. the reform D. an example 55. A. break B. ban C. symbol D. boom 【答案】41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A 45. A 46. C 47. B 48. A 49. B 50. A 51. C 52. A 53. A 54. D 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍广西乡村图书馆历经改造不断发展，贴合村民需求，数字化乡村图书馆也蓬勃兴起。 【41题详解】 考查动词。句意：每到周一早晨，门屯村的村民聚集在乡村图书馆分享书籍，邻近村庄的图书爱好者也常常加入其中。A. joined加入；B. interviewed采访；C. bothered打扰；D. criticized批评。根据前文“locals gather in their rural library to share books”可知，附近爱书之人一同前来参与读书活动。 【42题详解】 考查动词。句意：这座网球场大小的图书馆如今成了村里很多村民常去的地方。A. donate捐赠；B. repair修理；C. frequent常去；D. follow跟随。根据后文“Ruan Wencheng, a villager in his 50s, has since become a regular library visitor”可知，不少村民经常到访这座图书馆。 【43题详解】 考查形容词。句意：村干部陶寒山介绍，村里的图书馆以前只是一间小办公室，里面大约有三千册可供阅览的图书。A. used用过的；B. available可获得的；C. borrowed借来的；D. deserted被遗弃的。根据后文“There wasn’t enough room in the library for visitors to read or ______ books”可知，馆内存有可供读者阅读使用的书籍，只是空间不足。 【44题详解】 考查动词。句意：陶说：“这座图书馆里没有足够的空间，供访客阅读或者分享书籍，村民们也就不愿意过来了。”A. share分享；B. produce创作；C. remove移走；D. purchase购买。根据首段“locals gather in their rural library to share books”可知，人们来到图书馆的活动包含读书、分享书籍。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个村庄曾经深陷贫困，那时大多数村民都在努力谋生。A. poverty贫困；B. construction建设；C. travel旅行；D. quarrel争吵。根据倒数第二段中的“All residents were relocated from poor and remote areas of the county”以及当年村民只为生计奔波的描述可知，村庄过去十分贫困。 【46题详解】 考查副词。句意：据陶寒山所说，那时他们几乎没有读书的兴趣。A. carefully仔细地；B. freely自由地；C. barely几乎不；D. thoughtfully深思地。根据前文“most villagers were trying to make a living back then”可知，村民忙于谋生，几乎没有兴趣读书。 【47题详解】 考查名词。句意：他回忆道，村里没有多余资金投入图书馆项目，还补充说当时馆里部分图书也已经过时。A. freedom自由；B. money资金；C. peace平静；D. protection保护。根据前文“The village was once stuck in ______, and most villagers were trying to make a living back then”可知，村庄曾经贫困，拿不出多余资金建设图书馆。 【48题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着中国有关部门敦促为乡村图书馆提供更好的服务和设施，这些经过改善的图书馆近年来迎来了越来越多的访客。A. rural乡村的；B. private私人的；C. metropolitan大都市的；D. primary初级的。根据后文“these improved libraries”以及全文围绕乡村图书馆展开，前文多次出现“rural library”可知，此处指乡村图书馆。 【49题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着中国有关部门敦促为乡村图书馆提供更好的服务和设施，这些经过改善的图书馆近年来迎来了越来越多的访客。A. unknown未知的；B. increasing不断增长的；C. possible可能的；D. imaginary想象的。根据后文“More and more people are coming”可知，访客数量持续上涨。 【50题详解】 考查动词。句意：去年四月，当地一家书店向门屯村图书馆捐赠三万本新书以及配套设施，让这座图书馆得到大幅升级。A. upgraded升级；B. overloaded超载；C. absorbed吸收；D.transferred 转移。根据前文“There wasn’t enough room in the library for visitors to read or ______ books”以及“some of the library’s books were also outdated”可知，图书馆原本条件差，收到捐赠后得以升级。 【51题详解】 考查动词。句意：阮文成说，去年家里尝试养蚕，但是由于缺乏养蚕知识，我们失败了。A. fought斗争；B. fled逃离；C. failed失败；D. emptied清空。根据后文“due to a lack of silkworm knowledge”可知，缺少相关知识，养蚕这件事没有成功。 【52题详解】 考查名词。句意：专家不会一直待在村里，所以我现在经常来图书馆借阅和养蚕相关的书籍，学到了很多东西。A. breeding养殖；B. cycle循环；C. secrets秘诀；D. exchange交流。根据前文“my family tried to raise silkworms”可知，他需要查阅养蚕养殖相关书籍。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：陶寒山说图书馆会依据村民需求持续调整馆藏图书，图书馆越来越受欢迎，前来的人越来越多。A. popularity受欢迎；B. profit利润；C. balance平衡；D. choices选择。根据后文“More and more people are coming”可知，图书馆人气不断提升。 【54题详解】 考查名词短语。句意：为了让乡村图书馆更有吸引力，全国各地都采取各类举措，以三江侗族自治县南站社区图书馆为例。A. the model模范；B. the evolution演变；C. the reform改革；D. an example例子。根据前文“authorities have taken various measures in villages across the country”可知，后文举出一个图书馆作为实例。 【55题详解】 考查名词。句意：过去几年也见证了数字化乡村图书馆的蓬勃发展。A. break中断；B. ban禁令；C. symbol象征；D. boom繁荣。根据后文“Provincial and regional authorities across the country have been promoting digital reading in rural areas”可知，数字乡村图书馆正在快速发展。 Section B (A) Making lists is relaxing. It makes you feel important — all those things to do. It calms you down (it’s OK, it’s on a list somewhere) and it makes you feel good when you cross something off. The world divides into two types of list-makers. Type A makes orderly lists, priorities (优先级) and calmly sets to work on them. Type B waits until panic sets in, grabs the nearest envelope and writes all over it, sighs with relief and immediately loses it. The more you have to do, the more you need a list, and few people with high-powered jobs get by without them. Julie Rost, chief executive of a large chain of supermarkets, says, “Before I go to bed, I have to write down everything that’s going to stop me sleeping. If I write something down, I feel I won’t forget it, so my lists are a great comfort.” Jane Levy used to write lists, but she would forget where she put them and then waste precious time looking for them. Then a couple of years ago she came up with a new system. Now she writes key words on the back of her hand! “At least I can’t lose it,” she says. True, but too many trips to the bathroom could have disastrous results. Des O’Brien, a self-employed business consultant, uses another method for organizing his time. He writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories: things that have to be done straight away; other things that it would be good to do today, things that are important but don’t have to be done immediately; and things that he can put off but that he doesn’t want to forget. “Using categories to order the world is the way the human mind works,” he says. So what are you waiting for? There’s no better time than the present to take control of your work and life. So, get out your pencil and paper and make a list. 56. Type A list-makers and Type B ones are different in ________. A. how the lists they make help them calm down B. whether they can handle the panic they are faced with C. how they deal with the lists they make after using them D. whether they list what they are going to do in an organized way 57. According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE concerning making lists? A. Crossing things off brings greater comfort than making lists. B. Most people who hold important positions at work make lists. C. Forgetful people shouldn’t keep lists to save time spent looking for them. D. More research needs to be done about how human mind works to make lists. 58. Des O’Brien categorizes the things he needs to do according to the degree of ________. A. urgency but not importance B. importance but not urgency C. both urgency and importance D. neither urgency nor importance 59. The passage is mainly intended to ________. A. persuade people to make lists B. classify the ways of making lists C. introduce the people good at making lists D. give tips on how to identify list-makers 【答案】56. D 57. B 58. C 59. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍列清单带来的好处，区分两类列清单的人，并列举不同人士独特的列清单方式。 【56题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Type A makes orderly lists, priorities (优先级) and calmly sets to work on them. Type B waits until panic sets in, grabs the nearest envelope and writes all over it, sighs with relief and immediately loses it. (A类人会列出条理清晰的清单，划分优先级，然后从容着手去做。B类人要等到慌乱涌上心头，抓起就近的信封，在上面胡乱写满，松一口气，接着马上就把它弄丢了。)”可知，两类人的区别在于是否有条理地列出待办事项。 【57题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The more you have to do, the more you need a list, and few people with high-powered jobs get by without them.(要做的事情越多，就越需要清单，身居要职的人很少能不靠清单应付工作。)”可知，大多数身居重要岗位的人都会列清单。 【58题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“He writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories: things that have to be done straight away; other things that it would be good to do today, things that are important but don’t have to be done immediately; and things that he can put off but that he doesn’t want to forget.(他先写下待办事项清单，再将它们分成不同类别：必须立刻完成的事、最好在今天做完的事、重要但无需马上处理的事，以及可以延后但不想忘记的事。)”可知，他是按照事情的紧急程度和重要程度进行分类。 【59题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段中的“So what are you waiting for? There’s no better time than the present to take control of your work and life. So, get out your pencil and paper and make a list.(那你还在等什么？想要掌控自己的工作与生活，没有比现在更合适的时候了。所以，拿出纸笔，列一份清单吧。)”可知，本文旨在劝说人们养成列清单的习惯。 (B) As the summer travel season rolls in, prices at the gas pump are usually going in the wrong direction for our wallets. That’s when drivers become more concerned about how to squeeze the most miles from their fuel dollars and keep their cars running their best. To help you stay in the know, here are some common questions that our auto-experts often get asked about gas mileage and related topics: What if I need to carry stuff on my car’s roof? Carrying things on the roof hurts fuel economy. When tested a 2013 Honda Accord at a steady 65 mph①, it got 42 mpg② with nothing on the roof. Adding even an empty bike rack（架子）dropped the mileage by 5 mpg. And with two bikes on the roof, gas mileage dropped to 27mpg. Does running the A/C① hurt fuel economy compared with opening the windows? It depends on-how hard the air-conditioning system has to work. When we measured the fuel-economy difference, we found that fuel use with the A/C running went up with higher outside temperatures. At 55℃ F, there were unnoticeable differences. But when we measured again on days when the temperature was in the low 70s and high 80s, we got fewer miles per gallon with the A/C on. How far can I go when my low-fuel warning light comes on? There is no set rule, but most cars have a reserve of between 1 and 2 gallons of gas when the light goes on, or enough to travel about 40 miles or so at a moderate speed. To maximize those last couple of gallons, we suggest slowing down and maintaining a steady pace. Can I improve gas mileage by installing a special air filter（过滤器）? With modern cars, changing your air filter probably won’t improve your fuel economy. When we tested a car to see whether a dirty air filter hurt its gas mileage because of reduced air intake, we found that the car’s fuel economy wasn’t hurt. The engine’s computer automatically made up for the restricted airflow by reducing fuel use to maintain the right air/fuel proportion. We expect similar results from any air-filter change. ①mph: mile per hour ②mpg: mile per gallon ③A/C: air-conditioning 60. The passage is intended to give answers to questions related to _____. A. how to save fuel B. what fuel drivers can use C. how to keep cars working well D. what mileage is most suitable for a car 61. It is suggested in the passage that ______. A. a special air filter be installed to improve air intake B. the engine’s computer be updated as often as possible C. drivers carry an empty bike rack on the roof just in case D. cars move at a fixed low speed with a warning of low fuel 62. At which temperature is there a most noticeable difference in fuel economy between running A/C and opening the window? A. 40° F B. 51° F C. 55° F D. 73° F 【答案】60. A 61. D 62. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要解答了几个司机们比较关心的油耗以及相关问题的常见问题。 【60题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段的drivers become more concerned about how to squeeze the most miles from their fuel dollars…here are some common questions that our auto-experts often get asked about gas mileage and related topics:（司机们会更加关心如何从他们的油钱中挤出最多的里程，……我们的汽车专家经常会被问到一些关于油耗和相关话题的常见问题。）可知，这篇文章旨在回答有关如何节约燃料的问题，故选A。 【61题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段的How far can I go when my low-fuel warning light comes on?…we suggest slowing down and maintaining a steady pace.（当我的低油警告灯亮起时，我能走多远?……我们建议放慢速度，保持稳定的速度。）由此可知，文章中建议在警告燃油不足情况下，汽车以固定的低速行驶，故选D。 【62题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段的But when we measured again on days when the temperature was in the low 70s and high 80s, we got fewer miles per gallon with the A/C on.（但是当我们再次测量温度在70多度和80多度的时候，开着空调的情况下，每加仑汽油行驶的英里数减少了。）由此可知，温度在70多度和80多度，在开空调和开车窗在燃油经济性上有最明显的区别，D选项73° F在这个温度区间，故选D。 (C) Giving up alcohol for January? For many people, in the UK at least, it has become a ritual (惯例) in recent years. The assumption is that taking a break will help your liver to recover from the seasonal damage caused by alcohol and rich food. Does it work? Upon investigation, we found little research on the effects of such behavior. We thought that was surprising. So a group of New Scientist volunteers took part in a ground-breaking study organized by medical researchers at University College London. The initial results are striking, suggesting that abstinence significantly improves your health by reducing levels of liver fat, cholesterol and blood glucose. Fascinating, but we’ll have to wait for larger studies before we can be confident of how large or enduring those benefits really are. But a period of abstinence may have consequences beyond the physiological. The health benefits of a one-month break may prove to be inconsequential when set against drinking for the rest of the year — certainly if people take the break as license to increase their alcohol intake at other times. Habitual drinkers can find it difficult to negotiate (应对) social events without alcohol. But get over the initial discomfort of drying out, and healthier habits may follow. Several New Scientist participants reported they found it easier to decline alcohol after the study had ended, or to start an evening off with low-alcohol drinks. But the lack of palatable, non-sugary choices proved frustrating: perhaps drinks manufacturers could make more effort to cater to (迎合) the month-off market. This is, of course, just the experience of a handful of people. But the potential for people to rewrite their contract with alcohol may prove a stronger argument for dialing back on alcoholic drink for a while every year than any health benefits. Worth considering as you decide whether to open another bottle of wine. 63. The word “abstinence” (in paragraph 3 and 4) most probably refers to ________. A. taking a rest after work B. not eating too much food C. having a yearly ritual D. not having alcohol 64. After giving up alcohol for just January, the New Scientist volunteers tended to ________. A. say no to alcohol more easily B. turn to psychological doctors for help C. drink more alcohol for the rest of the year D. change from habitual drinkers into infrequent ones 65. What does the author imply about New Scientist’s study? A. It has been more difficult than expected. B. Its findings need to be confirmed by more research. C. Its methods are different from those of previous ones. D. It has made medical researchers uncomfortable. 66. What is the passage mainly about? A. Health benefits brought about by an alcohol-free life remains to be explored. B. New Scientist’s research on the effects of alcohol proves ground-breaking. C. January may be a good month to start a new habit every year. D. A short break from wine may have long-lasting positive consequences. 【答案】63. D 64. A 65. B 66. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了英国“一月戒酒”的社会惯例，以及《新科学家》志愿者参加、由伦敦大学学院医学研究者组织的一项短期戒酒研究，介绍了短期戒酒在生理健康与饮酒习惯层面带来的影响，探讨了短期戒酒的实际价值与现存局限。 【63题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第三段画线词“abstinence”后面的“significantly improves your health by reducing levels of liver fat, cholesterol and blood glucose(通过降低肝脏脂肪、胆固醇和血糖水平显著改善你的健康状况)”以及第四段画线词“abstinence”后面的“The health benefits of a one‑month break may prove to be inconsequential when set against drinking for the rest of the year.(和一年中其余时间的饮酒行为相比，为期一个月暂停饮酒带来的健康益处可能会显得微不足道。)”可知，两处均在描述停止饮酒这一行为带来的相关结果，one‑month break也对应文章开头一月戒酒的行为。由此可知，画线词含有“不饮酒、戒酒”之意。 【64题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Several New Scientist participants reported they found it easier to decline alcohol after the study had ended, or to start an evening off with low-alcohol drinks.(数名《新科学家》的参与者报告称，研究结束后，他们发现拒绝酒精变得更容易了，或是在晚间活动开场时选择低酒精饮品。)”可知，参与一月戒酒研究的志愿者，在研究结束后更容易拒绝饮酒。 【65题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Fascinating, but we’ll have to wait for larger studies before we can be confident of how large or enduring those benefits really are.(这很有吸引力，但我们必须等待更大规模的研究，才能确信这些益处的实际幅度与持久程度。)”可知，目前只是初步的研究结果，还不能确定好处到底有多大、能维持多久。由此可推知，这项研究的发现需要更多研究进一步证实。 【66题详解】 主旨大意题。文章先介绍一月戒酒这一社会现象，阐述相关研究得出的生理层面初步成效，点明该研究存在的局限，还叙述了戒酒对个人饮酒习惯产生的实际影响，在文章末段引出主旨句“But the potential for people to rewrite their contract with alcohol may prove a stronger argument for dialing back on alcoholic drink for a while every year than any health benefits.(但人们改写自身与酒精的相处契约的可能性，相比任何健康益处，都更能成为每年短暂减少饮酒的有力依据。)”作收尾，点明比起生理健康收益，重塑饮酒观念才是短期戒酒更大的意义。由此可知，本文旨在说明短暂戒酒可能会带来长期的积极影响。 Section C Laughlab The search involved travel abroad, a website, 40,000 printable jokes, more than two million ratings (评级) from 70 countries, a year’s exhaustive breakdown of humor by age, sex and nationality, and a brain scan of someone listening to jokes. Laughlab, an experiment set up more than a year ago, established that the British, Irish, New Zealanders and Australians prefer a play on words and that the French, Danes and Belgians have a taste for the surreal. ___67___ The Germans apparently have the broadest sense of humor — if only because they have no national preference, and therefore find almost anything funny. “It has been a fascinating year,” said Richard Wiseman, a psychologist at the University of Hertfordshire, and founder of Laughlab. “But if I hear one more joke I’m going to beat someone.” The winning joke was the product of international selection including ratings by website visitors. It was one of a series of jokes read to a volunteer who was being given a brain scan. With each joke, a specific area at the front of the volunteer’s brain lit up. ___68___ “It fits in with other research, because if people have damage to that part of the brain, then they lose their sense of humor,” Dr Wiseman said. ___69___ In a study of British regional variation, the Welsh were the keenest on jokes in general, and the Scots were the least keen. The LaughLab computers counted the number of words in every joke that people submitted. According to the data, jokes containing 103 words are the funniest. Interestingly, the winning hunters’ joke is 102 words long — almost the perfect length for a joke! Many of the jokes submitted contained references to animals. The researchers found that jokes mentioning ducks were seen as funnier than other jokes. ___70___ Regardless, the implication is clear — if you are going to tell a joke involving an animal, make it a duck. A. Perhaps it’s because of webbed feet or odd shape. B. There was also a reaction in an area linked to memory, showing recognition of an old joke. C. Careful analysis of the data revealed that people found the jokes funniest on the 7th October at 6:03 in the evening. D. Americans and Canadians, on the other hand, laugh at jokes showing one group’s superiority over another. E. It has been like being trapped in the back of a taxi with a driver who constantly says, “Here is one that you have never heard.” F. There were other discoveries. 【答案】67. D 68. B 69. F 70. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍名为Laughlab的幽默实验，展示不同国家人群的幽默偏好以及相关有趣发现。 【67题详解】 根据空前的“Laughlab, an experiment set up more than a year ago, established that the British, Irish, New Zealanders and Australians prefer a play on words and that the French, Danes and Belgians have a taste for the surreal.(笑实验室是一年多前发起的一项实验，它证实英国人、爱尔兰人、新西兰人和澳大利亚人更喜欢双关语，而法国人、丹麦人和比利时人偏爱超现实主义风格。)”以及空后的“The Germans apparently have the broadest sense of humor — if only because they have no national preference, and therefore find almost anything funny.(德国人显然拥有最广泛的幽默感，只因他们没有本国偏好，几乎觉得所有事情都好笑。)”可知，空格前后都在列举不同国家人群的幽默喜好。D选项“Americans and Canadians, on the other hand, laugh at jokes showing one group’s superiority over another.(另一方面，美国人和加拿大人会因体现一方优于另一方的笑话发笑)”继续列举国别偏好，和上下文形成并列。 【68题详解】 根据空前的“With each joke, a specific area at the front of the volunteer’s brain lit up.(每听到一则笑话，志愿者大脑前部的一处特定区域就会活跃起来。)”以及空后的““It fits in with other research, because if people have damage to that part of the brain, then they lose their sense of humor,” Dr Wiseman said.(怀斯曼博士说：“这和其他研究结论相符，因为如果人的这部分大脑受损，就会失去幽默感。”)”可知，前文提到一处大脑区域产生反应，空格补充另一处大脑区域的反应。B选项“There was also a reaction in an area linked to memory, showing recognition of an old joke.(和记忆相关的区域同样出现反应，说明人听出了听过的笑话)”中的also承接上文大脑反应，引出下文，语义连贯。 【69题详解】 根据空后的“In a study of British regional variation, the Welsh were the keenest on jokes in general, and the Scots were the least keen. The LaughLab computers counted the number of words in every joke that people submitted. According to the data, jokes containing 103 words are the funniest.(一项关于英国地区差异的研究显示，威尔士人整体最爱笑话，苏格兰人最不感兴趣。笑实验室的电脑统计了人们提交的每一则笑话的词数。数据显示，含有103个词的笑话最好笑。)”可知，后文引出一批新的实验发现。F选项“There were other discoveries.(还有其他一些发现)”作为本段总起句，引出下文多项研究结果。 【70题详解】 根据空前的“The researchers found that jokes mentioning ducks were seen as funnier than other jokes.(研究人员发现，提到鸭子的笑话被认为比其他笑话更好笑。)”以及空后的“Regardless, the implication is clear — if you are going to tell a joke involving an animal, make it a duck.(尽管如此，暗含的意思很清楚——如果你要讲和动物有关的笑话，那就选鸭子。)”可知，前文提出鸭子笑话更有趣这一现象，空格推测背后的原因。A选项“Perhaps it’s because of webbed feet or odd shape.(或许是因为鸭子的蹼足或是奇特外形)”对该现象给出猜想，衔接自然。 IV. Translation 71. 自从搬到国外之后，你对文化冲击的看法是否发生了巨大变化？（attitude）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Has your attitude towards culture shock changed greatly since you moved abroad? 【解析】 【详解】“自从搬到国外”表达为since you moved abroad：since引导时间状语从句时，从句描述过去发生的移居动作，需用一般过去时。“对文化冲击的看法”表达为your attitude towards culture shock：提示词attitude为名词，表“看法、态度”，固定搭配为attitude towards sth.，该名词短语为句子的主语，“发生巨大变化”表达为change greatly：主句描述从移居的过去节点到现在的状态变化，属于关联现在的结果，需用现在完成时；句子为一般疑问句，需将助动词has提前至句首构成疑问语序。 72. 杨利伟是第一个进入太空的中国人，他的精神鼓舞了许多追逐梦想的年轻人。(set) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Yang Liwei is the first Chinese to set foot in space, whose spirit has inspired many young people chasing their dreams. 【解析】 【详解】“第一个做某事的中国人”：当名词被序数词修饰时，需用不定式作后置定语，表达为the first Chinese to do sth.；“进入太空”：题目指定需使用提示词set，对应固定搭配set foot in意为“踏上、进入”，表达为set foot in space； “他的精神”：为衔接两个独立语义、避免句子零散，用关系代词whose引导非限制性定语从句，指代杨利伟的，表达为whose spirit，“鼓舞了许多追逐梦想的年轻人”中，“鼓舞”用动词inspire，为定语从句的谓语动词，此处指精神的影响从杨利伟完成航天任务后持续至今，因此用现在完成时has inspired；“许多年轻人”翻译为many young people，“追逐梦想的”为修饰年轻人的主动定语，用现在分词chasing their dreams作后置定语，表达为has inspired many young people chasing their dreams。 73. 上海的高房价使外卖员很难租到预算范围内的公寓。（it）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 The high housing prices in Shanghai make it difficult for delivery riders to rent an apartment within their budget. 【解析】 【详解】 “上海的高房价”表达为the high housing prices in Shanghai，为复数概念的句子主语；“使……很难……”用 make it difficult for sb. to do sth.​ 结构，其中it​是形式宾语，for sb.​引出动作执行者，to do​为真正宾语。make为句子的谓语动词，句子陈述一般事实，所以用一般现在时态，make用原形；“外卖员”译为delivery riders；“租”用动词rent，“预算范围内的公寓”用an apartment within their budget表达。 74. 当她在埃及旅行时，她花了一整天参观金字塔，并且被那些古老遗迹深深吸引。(spend) (汉译英) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 When she was traveling in Egypt, she spent a whole day visiting the pyramids and was deeply attracted by those ancient relics. 【解析】 【详解】“当她在埃及旅行时”译为时间状语从句When she was traveling in Egypt，主句主语为she，“花一整天做某事”要套用spend time doing sth的固定结构，主句陈述过去的事实，所以用一般过去时态，“一整天”翻译为a whole day，“参观金字塔”翻译为visit the pyramids，此处visit用动名词形式；“并且被那些古老遗迹深深吸引”与前文共用主语 she，构成并列谓语，所以用and连接，“被那些古老遗迹深深吸引”翻译为was deeply attracted by those ancient relics，用一般过去时态的被动语态。 75. 考虑到家庭经济状况，她十分纠结是出国进修还是马上工作。（tear）（汉译英） ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Taking her family’s financial situation into consideration, she is torn between pursuing further studies abroad and starting to work immediately. 【解析】 【详解】“考虑到”表达为take...into consideration，因逻辑主语she与“考虑”为主动关系，用现在分词形式作句首状语，“家庭经济状况”表达为her family’s financial situation；句子主语为she，提示词tear对应的高中核心搭配be torn between A and B，意为“在两种选择间左右为难、纠结”，between为介词，后接并列的动名词短语作宾语；“出国进修”表达为pursue further studies abroad，此处pursue需要动名词形式作宾语；“马上工作”表达为start working immediately，此处start需要动名词形式作并列宾语。句子描述她当下的心理状态，用一般现在时，主语she为第三人称单数，故be动词用is。 IV. Guided Writing 76. Directions: Write a composition in no less than 100 words according to the following instructions. As a freshman in high school, how do you plan to spend your high school years? What do you hope to do to make your high school experience one of the best times of your life? Please elaborate from various perspectives, such as academics, making friends, and personal growth. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My High School Plan As a freshman, I have big dreams for my high school years and hope to make these three years meaningful and colorful in three ways. First, in academics, I will build good study habits and go over daily lessons rather than cram for exams. Second, I wish to make true friends. I will join at least one club, such as the basketball club, to meet people sharing my interests, for friends make this journey easier and happier. Third, for personal growth, I will try new things like volunteering or running for class leader, which will make me braver and more independent. High school is a once‑in‑a‑lifetime experience. I hope not merely to get through it, but to enjoy it, grow through it, and look back without regret. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以高一新生的身份，从学业、交友、个人成长等多个角度介绍自己的高中规划，力求让高中时光充实美好。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有意义的：meaningful → significant 复习：go over → review 独立的：independent → self‑reliant 遗憾：regret → remorse 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：First, in academics, I will build good study habits and go over daily lessons rather than cram for exams. 拓展句：First, in academics, I stick to the idea that I will build good study habits and go over daily lessons rather than cram for exams. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】I will join at least one club, such as the basketball club, to meet people sharing my interests, for friends make this journey easier and happier.（运用了for引导的原因状语从句） 【高分句型 2】Third, for personal growth, I will try new things like volunteering or running for class leader, which will make me braver and more independent.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $