精品解析：上海市新中高级中学2025-2026学年高一上学期期中英语试题

2025学年第一学期高一英语期中试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In Wuxi. B. In Suzhou. C. In Shanghai. D. In Nanjing. 2. A. Bring her a novel. B. Lend her a magazine. C. Return the novel for her. D. Help her with reading assignment. 3. A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:30. D. At 4:00. 4. A. Both sports are exciting. B. Mountain-climbing is more exciting. C. She prefers skiing. D. She doesn’t agree with the man. 5. A. Watch the play immediately. B. Eat before watching the play. C. Get the first theatre seat. D. Stay in town for a while. 6. A. The man lost his address book. B. The man and the woman already know each other. C. The man is sorry to bother Jack Easton. D. Jack Easton and the woman work for the same company. 7. A. Try on a smaller sweater. B. Look for another style at a different store. C. Give the sweater away as a gift. D. Exchange the sweater for a bigger one. 8. A. Ask Joan to recommend a good restaurant. B. Eat dinner at Joan’s house. C. Ask their friends about the restaurant. D. Go to the restaurant. 9. A. The man must be a very slow driver. B. She did a lot of walking in Florida. C. Most people make the trip in about a week. D. She got to Florida long before the man did. 10. A. Share the place he’s renting. B. Avoid living near the campus. C. Apply for campus housing. D. Find an apartment soon. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Long-distance runners should have light, thin bodies. B. Training in mountainous regions gives runners advantages. C. Many factors contribute to the success of marathon runners. D. Runners from mountainous areas are good marathoners. 12. A. Efficient use of oxygen. B. Motivation(动力) to run. C. Slow breathing rate . D. Light and slim bodies. 13. A. They give trainers positive feedback. B. They seldom get financial rewards. C. They mostly live in poor conditions D. They gain nationwide popularity. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The first complete map of the world’s coral reefs(珊瑚礁) has been launched. B. Arizona State University has supported the coral science activities. C. Paul Allen’s private company created super coral to help save reefs. D. Greg Asner will create the first worldwide, detailed coral reef map. 15. A. A researcher from Arizona State University. B. The late(已故的)co-founder of Microsoft Corporation. C. The manager of a private financial company. D. A professor from the University of Queensland. 16. A. To gain free access to reef data. B. To join Asner’s team. C. To make restoration(修复) work more effective. D. To see the development of the maps. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 18. A. This Thursday. B. The 11th. C. The 14th. D. The 15th. 19. A. The meeting next Thursday. B. A hotel named Rose. C. A meeting at train station. D. A business trip. 20. A. Because her line will be busy. B. Because she will have a meeting. C. Because he’ll be at the Rose Hotel. D. Because he’ll be on a business trip. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Science can’t explain the power of pets, but many studies ____1____ (show) that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer. Any owner will tell you ____2____a comfortable life they live with a pet. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York ____3____ (measure) stress levels and blood pressure in people — half of them pet owners — while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (心算) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects (受试对象) completed the tasks alone, with a husband/ wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had ____4____(small) change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer maths mistakes than when doing in front of other companions It seems that people feel more relaxed around pets, says Allen, ____5____thinks it may be because pets don’t judge. A study reported last fall suggests that____6____ (have) a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year ____7____ (study) 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programmes; a separate group of 56 people ____8____ pets were put on a diet programme as controls (对照组). On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, ____9____ (lose) an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Researchers say dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs, ____10____ they got more exercise overall — mostly with their dogs — and found it worth doing. Section B Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. forms B. present C. reflected D. direction E. works F. dates G. amazing H. respect I. key J. former K. factors China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main ____11____ has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It ____12____ back several thousand years to the use of longgu— animal bones and shells (壳) on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be ____13____ in today’ s hanzi. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different ____14____, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects (方言) and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang unified (统一) the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one ____15____. That writing system was ____16____ to connecting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s ____17____ is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ____18____ written by the Chinese in ancient times. The high ____19____ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this ____20____ language. III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Self-confidence: one’s belief that they can meet all the demands of a task. Some people are born with it and everyone else is out of ____21____, right? Wrong! Self-confidence is not something people are born with, like their height or hair color. It’s a skill that anyone can start ____22____ today. One simple self-confidence builder is ____23____ self-talk. What you say to yourself ____24____ how you feel about yourself. Telling yourself “I can’t do anything right” or asking “Why did I even try?” could ruin you. Instead, if you get a bad grade on a test, try saying “I’ll do better next time.” Rather than focusing on your failure, ____25____ ways that you can improve, and try again. Another way to ____26____ your confidence is to believe in yourself. Studies show that believing you can do something can increase your chance of success. If you put in the work to learn how to do something, believe in your ability. Don’t let ____27____ steal your energy and motivation away. One of the ugliest enemies of self-confidence is ____28____ yourself to others. Thinking that you are better than other people won’t give you confidence. ____29____, it will make you proud. And thinking you are worse than others won’t make you ____30____; it will fill you with envy. Fight back by counting your blessings. Keep a journal and write down all the things that you’re ____31____ for. Facing your fears is another way to build self-confidence. You might have a(n) ____32____ for public speaking. But how will you know if you never overcome your fears and try it? Even if you fail, leaving your ____33____ zone can make you stronger. Don’t let fear become an obstacle in your journey toward excellence! Finally, showing kindness to others is a great way to build self-confidence. Showing kindness ____34____ you that you can make a difference in the world. When you make others feel good, you, ____35____, feel good about yourself. 21. A. order B. luck C. curiosity D. habit 22. A. practicing B. delivering C. applying D. assigning 23. A. addictive B. independent C. positive D. energetic 24. A. maintains B. appoints C. limits D. influences 25. A. involve B. identify C. ignore D. indicate 26. A. shake B. inspire C. overcome D. share 27. A. concentration B. embarrassment C. fascination D. doubt 28. A. comparing B. communicating C. analyzing D. exposing 29. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Instead 30. A. humble B. intelligent C. negative D. confused 31. A. respectful B. grateful C. responsible D. regretful 32. A. talent B. anxiety C. mood D. occasion 33. A. range B. occupation C. comfort D. pressure 34. A. informs B. determines C. promises D. reminds 35. A. in turn B. in person C. in all D. in addition Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits(归功) these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking(劳累的) work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit(押金) when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 36. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 37. Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day? A. As a birthday gift these years. B. As a treat for her part-time job. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 38. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing and decorating it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement(协议). 39. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. (B) China now has 57 sites included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Let’s have a look at four of them, which may give you some advice on your next travel plan. Huangshan Mountain Huangshan known as “the loveliest mountain of China”, lies in the south of Anhui Province in eastern China. The scenic area covers 154 square kilometers, and is famous for its peaks, rocks, pines, clouds and springs. Longmen Grottoes（石窟） The Longmen Grottoes lies in the south of Luoyang city, Henan Province. It includes the largest collection of Chinese art of the late Northern Wei and Tang dynasties, and shows the achievements of Chinese stone carving. Gulangyu Island Located on the entry of the Jiulong River, the island is a popular tourist destination known for its natural scenery, rich history and unique architecture. It was occupied（占领）by at least a dozen countries, including Great Britain, France and Japan. Gulangyu is naturally referred to as the “island of music”, with a harmonious mixture of Western music and Eastern culture. It is famous for its outstanding musicians and musical instruments. Ancient villages in southern Anhui Lying in southern Anhui, Xidi and Hongcun have a high historical and artistic value in architecture. The villages show the architectural features of the Huizhou-style d living houses in the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Xidi and Hongcun were added onto the list on November 30,2000． 40. What can be seen in Longmen Grottoes? A Pines and springs. B. Unique houses. C. Rocks and Temples. D. Carved stones. 41. In which place can you admire the Western music according to the passage? A. Huangshan Mountain. B. Longmen Grottoes. C Gulangyu Island. D. Ancient villages in southem Anhui. 42. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The Longmen Grottoes is located in the south of Anhui Province in eastern China. B. People can enjoy the natural scenery and fine Chinese artworks in Huangshan Mountain. C. Gulangyu is famous for its unique history and culture in the Ming and Qing dynasties. D. People fond of the Huizhou-styled houses can visit Ancient villages in Anhui. (C) While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 43. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 44. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 45. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 46. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Biological Clock When the sun rises on a warm and sunny day, you can see some flowers open up. When they close late in the afternoon, other flowers open. Biological rhythms, like the opening and closing of flowers, happen all over nature. But not all of them are daily rhythms. Some, like the beating of our hearts, happen every second. ________47________ Scientists use the term biological clock to describe the timing that controls biological rhythms. ________48________ In some animals it is probably controlled by the brain. In plants and other living things that have no brain, it must be something else. The migration of animals happens when a signal is sent out. For example, when days become shorter, birds leave the northern parts of the world and fly south where it is warm. In the summer they fly back to have babies. Humans also have biological clocks that control their daily rhythms. When people travel by plane from one continent to another, they often cross many time zones. Their internal clocks don’t seem to work correctly. We call this jet lag. ________49________ People who work night shifts also have problems with their biological clocks. They may not be as active as people who work during the day time. Biological clocks control many rhythms of life. ________50________ Doctors are looking for new ways to make traveling more comfortable and medical treatment more effective. A. But where can you find it? B. This makes them feel tired. C. Animals have a biological clock in their brains as well. D. We are learning more and more about them. E. Biological clocks can be adjusted. F. Other rhythms are based on months, seasons or years. IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping is important, but we all know that, right? Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? There’s a great number of myths (错误看法) related to sleep, some of which can be quite damaging for our health. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. From a young age we’re told to count sheep to help us to nod off, with some choosing to stay in bed to battle with sleeplessness. However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. He talks about a sleep study published in the journal Sleep Health which suggests that those who walk slightly more will experience better quality and duration (持续时间) of sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. So while there are some good tips like exercising or folding socks to help us get a good night’s sleep, sometimes a good afternoon’s sleep can help us handle the day ahead. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这部卖座的电影是以一个真实的故事为基础的。(base) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 53. 自从我离开故乡，总会时不时想起这个迷人的海边小镇。(since) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 54. 当你初至异邦，外国人的习俗可能会让你感到困惑不已。(likely)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 55. 骑车环游小岛，落日的景色如此美轮美奂，让我挪不开眼。(tear)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生王磊，你校英语报正向全体高一同学征文，主题为“开学以来最让我难忘的一件事”。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章投稿。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2025学年第一学期高一英语期中试卷 I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. In Wuxi. B. In Suzhou. C. In Shanghai. D. In Nanjing. 2. A. Bring her a novel. B. Lend her a magazine. C. Return the novel for her. D. Help her with reading assignment. 3. A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:30. D. At 4:00. 4. A. Both sports are exciting. B. Mountain-climbing is more exciting. C. She prefers skiing. D. She doesn’t agree with the man. 5. A. Watch the play immediately. B. Eat before watching the play. C. Get the first theatre seat. D. Stay in town for a while. 6. A. The man lost his address book. B. The man and the woman already know each other. C. The man is sorry to bother Jack Easton. D. Jack Easton and the woman work for the same company. 7. A. Try on a smaller sweater. B. Look for another style at a different store. C. Give the sweater away as a gift. D. Exchange the sweater for a bigger one. 8 A. Ask Joan to recommend a good restaurant. B. Eat dinner at Joan’s house. C. Ask their friends about the restaurant. D. Go to the restaurant. 9. A. The man must be a very slow driver. B. She did a lot of walking in Florida. C. Most people make the trip in about a week. D. She got to Florida long before the man did. 10. A. Share the place he’s renting. B. Avoid living near the campus. C. Apply for campus housing. D. Find an apartment soon. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the longer conversation. The passages and the longer conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage. 11. A. Long-distance runners should have light, thin bodies. B. Training in mountainous regions gives runners advantages. C. Many factors contribute to the success of marathon runners. D. Runners from mountainous areas are good marathoners. 12. A. Efficient use of oxygen. B. Motivation(动力) to run. C. Slow breathing rate . D. Light and slim bodies. 13. A. They give trainers positive feedback. B. They seldom get financial rewards. C. They mostly live in poor conditions D. They gain nationwide popularity. Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage. 14. A. The first complete map of the world’s coral reefs(珊瑚礁) has been launched. B. Arizona State University has supported the coral science activities. C. Paul Allen’s private company created super coral to help save reefs. D. Greg Asner will create the first worldwide, detailed coral reef map. 15. A. A researcher from Arizona State University. B. The late(已故的)co-founder of Microsoft Corporation. C. The manager of a private financial company. D. A professor from the University of Queensland. 16. A. To gain free access to reef data. B. To join Asner’s team. C. To make restoration(修复) work more effective. D. To see the development of the maps. Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation. 17. A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 18. A. This Thursday. B. The 11th. C. The 14th. D. The 15th. 19. A. The meeting next Thursday. B. A hotel named Rose. C. A meeting at train station. D. A business trip. 20. A. Because her line will be busy. B. Because she will have a meeting. C. Because he’ll be at the Rose Hotel. D. Because he’ll be on a business trip. II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Science can’t explain the power of pets, but many studies ____1____ (show) that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer. Any owner will tell you ____2____a comfortable life they live with a pet. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York ____3____ (measure) stress levels and blood pressure in people — half of them pet owners — while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (心算) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects (受试对象) completed the tasks alone, with a husband/ wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best. Those tested with their animal friends had ____4____(small) change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates. With pets in the room, people also made fewer maths mistakes than when doing in front of other companions It seems that people feel more relaxed around pets, says Allen, ____5____thinks it may be because pets don’t judge. A study reported last fall suggests that____6____ (have) a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year ____7____ (study) 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs on diet-and-exercise programmes; a separate group of 56 people ____8____ pets were put on a diet programme as controls (对照组). On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of their body weight. Their dogs did even better, ____9____ (lose) an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight. Researchers say dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs, ____10____ they got more exercise overall — mostly with their dogs — and found it worth doing. 【答案】1. have shown##show 2. what 3. measured 4. the smallest 5. who 6. having 7. studying 8. without 9. losing 10. but 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文通过多项研究说明宠物陪伴对人类的积极影响，包括降低血压、缓解压力，甚至还会对饮食习惯和运动情况产生作用。 【1题详解】 考查时态。句意：科学无法解释宠物的力量，但许多研究表明，宠物的陪伴有助于降低血压、提高心脏病发作后的康复几率、减少孤独感并传递全方位的愉悦感。此处既可以用一般现在时show表示研究得出的客观结论；也可以用现在完成时have shown强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响。故填have shown/show。 【2题详解】 考查宾语从句引导词。句意：任何一位宠物主人都会告诉你，和宠物在一起的生活有多惬意。此处引导宾语从句，修饰名词短语a comfortable life，且符合“what+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数”的感叹句结构，需用what。故填what。 【3题详解】 考查时态。句意：纽约州立大学的卡伦·艾伦在2002年开展了一项研究，测量人们在进行5分钟心算或把手放在冰水中时的压力水平和血压，其中一半受试者是宠物主人。根据时间状语2002可知，动作发生在过去，需用一般过去时，measure的过去式是measured。故填measured。 【4题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：那些和宠物伙伴一起接受测试的人，血压变化幅度最小，心率也最快恢复到基准水平。结合前文“People with pets did it best”以及语境中的对比范围，此处需用形容词最高级，small的最高级是the smallest。故填the smallest。 【5题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：艾伦说，人们在宠物身边似乎会更放松，她认为这可能是因为宠物不会评判人。先行词是Allen，指人，关系词在非限制性定语从句中作主语，需用who。故填who。 6题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：去年秋天公布的一项研究表明，养一只宠物狗不仅能让你心情愉悦，还可能对你的饮食习惯产生影响。此处作宾语从句的主语，需用动名词形式。故填having。 【7题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：西北纪念医院的研究人员花了一年时间，对36名肥胖人士及其同样肥胖的宠物狗开展饮食和运动项目研究。固定搭配spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，需用动名词形式。故填studying。 【8题详解】 考查介词。句意：另外一组56名没有养宠物的人作为对照组，只参与饮食项目。根据语境可知，这组人与前一组的区别是“没有宠物”，需用介词without。故填without。 【9题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些人的体重平均下降了约11磅，相当于自身体重的5%。他们的宠物狗表现更好，平均减重12磅，超过自身体重的15%。此处作伴随状语，lose与主语their dogs是主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填losing。 【10题详解】 考查连词。句意：研究人员表示，养狗的人并没有比不养狗的人减掉更多体重，但他们总体运动量更大——大部分是和狗一起运动的——而且他们觉得这些运动是值得的。空格前后是转折关系，需用连词but。故填but。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passages by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. forms B. present C. reflected D. direction E. works F. dates G. amazing H. respect I. key J. former K. factors China is widely known for its ancient civilisation which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main ____11____ has been the Chinese writing system. At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It ____12____ back several thousand years to the use of longgu— animal bones and shells (壳) on which symbols were carved by ancient Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be ____13____ in today’ s hanzi. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols had become a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different ____14____, as it was a time when people were divided geographically, leading to many varieties of dialects (方言) and characters. This, however, changed under Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang unified (统一) the seven major states into one country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one ____15____. That writing system was ____16____ to connecting the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak, they can all still communicate in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China’s ____17____ is connected with its past. People in modern times can read the classic ____18____ written by the Chinese in ancient times. The high ____19____ for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. Today, the Chinese writing system is still an important part of Chinese culture. As China plays a greater role in global affairs, an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this ____20____ language. 【答案】11. K 12. F 13. C 14. A 15. D 16. I 17. B 18. E 19. H 20. G 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国古老的文明和汉字系统的发展历程及其重要性。 【11题详解】 考查名词。句意：这之所以成为可能的原因有很多，但其中一个主要的因素是中国的书写系统。根据上文“There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main”可知，空处指“主要的因素”，应填名词复数，factors“因素”为名词复数，符合句意。故选K项。 【12题详解】 考查动词。句意：它可以追溯到几千年前中国人使用龙骨 —— 刻有符号的动物骨头和贝壳的时代。根据上文“At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language”以及下文“back several thousand years”可知，中国的书写系统“可以追溯到”几千年前，dates back to“追溯到；始于”为固定短语。空处应填谓语动词第三人称单数形式dates，符合句意。故选F项。 【13题详解】 考查动词。句意：一些古代符号在今天的汉字中仍然有所体现。根据上文“Some of the ancient symbols”以及下文“in today’ s hanzi”可知，这些古老的符号在今天的一些汉字中仍然“被体现”，空处与be动词构成被动语态，表被动，reflect“反射；反映；体现”，其过去分词形式reflected，符合句意。故选C项。 【14题详解】 考查名词。句意：多年来，这个系统发展成了不同的形式，因为当时人们地理上分隔开来，导致方言和文字有很多不同的种类。根据上文“the system developed into different”可知，空处应填复数名词，作宾语，forms“形式”为名词复数，符合句意。故选A项。 【15题详解】 考查名词。句意：秦始皇把七大强国统一成一个国家，中国的书写系统开始朝着一个方向发展。根据上文“Emperor Qinshihuang unified the seven major states into one country”可知，中国的书写系统开始朝着一个“方向”发展，空处应填名词作宾语，direction“方向”为可数名词，符合句意。故选D项。 【16题详解】 考查名词。句意：那个书写系统是连接中国人民和文化的关键。根据上文“That writing system was”以及下文“to connecting the Chinese people and culture”可知，那个书写系统是连接中国人民和文化的“关键”，key“关键”，符合句意。故选I项。 【17题详解】 考查名词。句意：书面汉语也已经成为中国现在与过去联系的重要手段。根据上文“Written Chinese has also become an important means”以及下文“with its past”可知，书面汉语已经成为中国“现在”与过去相联系的重要手段，空处应填名词，作主语，present“现在”为名词，符合句意。故选B项。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的经典著作。根据上文“People in modern times can read the classic”以及下文“written by the Chinese in ancient times”可知，现代人可以阅读古代中国人写的“作品”，空处应填名词，作宾语，works“作品”为可数名词，此处表泛指，用名词复数works，符合句意。故选E项。 【19题详解】 考查名词。句意：对汉字书写系统的尊重可以从汉字作为艺术形式的发展中看出，这种艺术形式被称为中国书法，已经成为中国文化的重要组成部分。根据上文“The high”以及下文“for the Chinese writing system”可知，空处指对汉字书写系统的“尊重”，应填名词，作主语，respect“尊重”为不可数名词，符合句意。故选H项。 【20题详解】 考查形容词。句意：随着中国在全球事务中发挥越来越大的作用，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这种令人惊叹的语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史。根据上文“an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this”以及下文“language”可知，越来越多的国际学生开始通过这种“令人惊叹的”语言来欣赏中国的文化和历史，空处应填形容词，作定语，amazing“令人惊叹的”为形容词，符合句意。故选G项。 III. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Self-confidence: one’s belief that they can meet all the demands of a task. Some people are born with it, and everyone else is out of ____21____, right? Wrong! Self-confidence is not something people are born with, like their height or hair color. It’s a skill that anyone can start ____22____ today. One simple self-confidence builder is ____23____ self-talk. What you say to yourself ____24____ how you feel about yourself. Telling yourself “I can’t do anything right” or asking “Why did I even try?” could ruin you. Instead, if you get a bad grade on a test, try saying “I’ll do better next time.” Rather than focusing on your failure, ____25____ ways that you can improve, and try again. Another way to ____26____ your confidence is to believe in yourself. Studies show that believing you can do something can increase your chance of success. If you put in the work to learn how to do something, believe in your ability. Don’t let ____27____ steal your energy and motivation away. One of the ugliest enemies of self-confidence is ____28____ yourself to others. Thinking that you are better than other people won’t give you confidence. ____29____, it will make you proud. And thinking you are worse than others won’t make you ____30____; it will fill you with envy. Fight back by counting your blessings. Keep a journal and write down all the things that you’re ____31____ for. Facing your fears is another way to build self-confidence. You might have a(n) ____32____ for public speaking. But how will you know if you never overcome your fears and try it? Even if you fail, leaving your ____33____ zone can make you stronger. Don’t let fear become an obstacle in your journey toward excellence! Finally, showing kindness to others is a great way to build self-confidence. Showing kindness ____34____ you that you can make a difference in the world. When you make others feel good, you, ____35____, feel good about yourself. 21. A. order B. luck C. curiosity D. habit 22. A. practicing B. delivering C. applying D. assigning 23. A. addictive B. independent C. positive D. energetic 24. A. maintains B. appoints C. limits D. influences 25. A. involve B. identify C. ignore D. indicate 26. A. shake B. inspire C. overcome D. share 27. A. concentration B. embarrassment C. fascination D. doubt 28. A. comparing B. communicating C. analyzing D. exposing 29. A. Moreover B. Therefore C. However D. Instead 30. A. humble B. intelligent C. negative D. confused 31. A. respectful B. grateful C. responsible D. regretful 32. A. talent B. anxiety C. mood D. occasion 33. A. range B. occupation C. comfort D. pressure 34. A. informs B. determines C. promises D. reminds 35. A. in turn B. in person C. in all D. in addition 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. B 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了任何人都可以通过练习建立自信，介绍了一些建立自信的方法。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人天生就有，其他人就没那么幸运了，对吧？A. order订单；B. luck运气；C. curiosity好奇心；D. habit习惯。根据上文“Some people are born with it, and everyone else is out of”可知，有些人天生有自信，而其他人则没那么幸运，短语out of luck表示“运气不好”。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是一项任何人都可以从今天开始练习的技能。A. practicing练习；B. delivering递送；C. applying应用；D. assigning分配。根据上文“It’s a skill that anyone can start”以及后文介绍了增强自信的技巧，可知这是一项任何人都可以从今天开始练习的技能。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一种简单的建立自信的方法是积极的自我对话。A. addictive成瘾的；B. independent独立的；C. positive积极的；D. energetic精力充沛的。根据后文“I’ll do better next time.(下次我会做得更好)”可知，此处指积极的自我对话。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：你对自己说的话会影响你对自己的感觉。A. maintains维持；B. appoints任命；C. limits限制；D. influences影响。根据后文“Telling yourself “I can’t do anything right” or asking “Why did I even try?” could ruin you.( 告诉自己“我什么都做不好”，或者问自己“我为什么要尝试？”可能会毁了你)”可知，你对自己说的话会影响你对自己的感觉。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：与其专注于你的失败，不如发现你可以改进的地方，然后再试一次。A. involve涉及；B. identify发现，识别；C. ignore忽视；D. indicate表明。根据后文“ways that you can improve, and try again”可知，指发现可以改进的地方，然后再试一次。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：另一种激发自信的方法是相信自己。A. shake摇晃；B. inspire鼓舞，激励；C. overcome克服；D. share分享。根据后文“your confidence is to believe in yourself”可知，此处在介绍激发自信的方法，故选B。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不要让怀疑偷走你的能量和动力。A. concentration专心；B. embarrassment尴尬；C. fascination入迷；D. doubt怀疑。根据后文“steal your energy”可知，怀疑会偷走能量和动力，要相信自我。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：自信最丑陋的敌人之一就是把自己和别人比较。A. comparing比较；B. communicating交流；C. analyzing分析；D. exposing暴露。根据后文“Thinking that you are better than other people won’t give you confidence.(认为自己比别人好不会给你信心)”可知，此处指和别人比较。故选A。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，它会让你感到骄傲。A. Moreover此外；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Instead相反。根据后文“it will make you proud”可知，认为自己比别人好不会给你信心，相反，它会让你感到骄傲。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：认为自己比别人差不会让你变得谦虚；这会让你充满嫉妒。A. humble谦虚的；B. intelligent聪明的；C. negative消极的；D. confused困惑的。根据上文“And thinking you are worse than others won’t make you”可知，认为自己比别人差不会让你变得谦虚；这会让你充满嫉妒。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：坚持写日记，写下所有让你感恩的事情。A. respectful尊敬的；B. grateful感激的；C. responsible负责的；D. regretful后悔的。根据上文“Fight back by counting your blessings.(通过珍惜你的幸福来反击)”可知是写下所有让你感恩的事情。故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你可能会对公开演讲感到焦虑。A. talent才能；B. anxiety焦虑；C. mood情绪；D. occasion时刻。根据后文“But how will you know if you never overcome your fears and try it?(但如果你从未克服恐惧并尝试过，你怎么知道呢？)”可知，but表示转折，故本句是在说明对公开演讲感到焦虑。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使你失败了，离开你的舒适区也能让你变得更强大。A. range范围；B. occupation职业；C. comfort安慰；D. pressure压力。上文“Facing your fears”提到了要面对恐惧，即勇于尝试，走出舒适区。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：表达善意提醒你，你可以改变世界。A. informs通知；B. determines决定；C. promises承诺；D. reminds提醒。根据后文“you that you can make a difference in the world”可知，表达善意提醒你，你可以改变世界。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：当你让别人感觉良好时，反过来你也会自我感觉良好。A. in turn反过来；B. in person亲自；C. in all总之；D. in addition此外。根据后文“feel good about yourself”可知，让别人感觉良好时，反过来你也会自我感觉良好。故选A。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) Terri Bolton is a dab hand when it comes to DIY (do-it-yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. She credits(归功) these skills to her late grandfather and builder Derek Lloyd. From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money. She says: “I’m sure I wasn’t much of a help to start with, painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house. It took weeks and it was backbreaking(劳累的) work, but I know he was proud of my skills.” Terri, who now rents a house with friends in Wandsworth, South West London, says DIY also saves her from losing any deposit(押金) when a tenancy (租期) comes to an end. She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.” With millions of people likely to take on DIY projects over that coming weeks, new research shows that more than half of people are planning to make the most of the long, warm summer days to get jobs done. The average spend per project will be around £823. Two thirds of people aim to improve their comfort while at home. Two fifths wish to increase the value of their house. Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge. 36. Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A. An artist. B. A winner. C. A specialist. D. A pioneer. 37 Why did Terri’s grandfather give her £5 a day? A. As a birthday gift these years. B. As a treat for her part-time job. C. To support her DIY projects. D. To encourage her to take up a hobby. 38. How did Terri avoid losing the deposit on the house she rented? A. By making it look like before. B. By furnishing and decorating it herself. C. By splitting the rent with a roommate. D. By cancelling the rental agreement(协议). 39. What trend in DIY does the research show? A. It is becoming more costly. B. It is getting more time-consuming. C. It is turning into a seasonal industry. D. It is gaining popularity among females. 【答案】36. C 37. B 38. A 39. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述特丽·博尔顿受祖父影响练就一身DIY本领，DIY不仅帮她节省开支、避免租房押金损失，还揭示了当下女性正成为DIY主力军的趋势。 【36题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself.(她擅长安装货架、组装家具，自己能做的活儿绝不花钱请人)”可知，特丽十分精通DIY。“a dab hand”的含义与“专家、能手”相近。选项C A specialist（专家）符合语境。故选C项。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“From the age of six, Terri, now 26, accompanied Derek to work during her school holidays. A day’s work was rewarded with £5 in pocket money.(现年26岁的特丽从6岁起，就会在假期跟着德里克去工地干活，干一天活能得到5英镑零花钱)”可知，祖父给特丽5英镑，是作为她假期打零工的报酬。故选B项。 【38题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“She adds: “I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures, so, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.”.(她补充道：“我搬过好多次家，而且一直都喜欢按自己的心意布置房间、挂些照片。所以，学会填补墙上的孔洞、重新粉刷房间就很有用了，这样我搬走的时候就不会被扣款”)”可知，特丽通过把房子恢复成入住前的原样，来避免押金被扣。故选A项。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Though DIY has traditionally been seen as a male hobby, the research shows it is women now leading the charge.(尽管DIY传统上被看作是男性的爱好，但研究显示，如今女性正成为这项活动的主力军)”可知，研究揭示的DIY趋势是：它在女性群体中越来越受欢迎。故选D项。 (B) China now has 57 sites included on the UNESCO World Heritage List. Let’s have a look at four of them, which may give you some advice on your next travel plan. Huangshan Mountain Huangshan known as “the loveliest mountain of China”, lies in the south of Anhui Province in eastern China. The scenic area covers 154 square kilometers, and is famous for its peaks, rocks, pines, clouds and springs. Longmen Grottoes（石窟） The Longmen Grottoes lies in the south of Luoyang city, Henan Province. It includes the largest collection of Chinese art of the late Northern Wei and Tang dynasties, and shows the achievements of Chinese stone carving. Gulangyu Island Located on the entry of the Jiulong River, the island is a popular tourist destination known for its natural scenery, rich history and unique architecture. It was occupied（占领）by at least a dozen countries, including Great Britain, France and Japan. Gulangyu is naturally referred to as the “island of music”, with a harmonious mixture of Western music and Eastern culture. It is famous for its outstanding musicians and musical instruments. Ancient villages in southern Anhui Lying in southern Anhui, Xidi and Hongcun have a high historical and artistic value in architecture. The villages show the architectural features of the Huizhou-style d living houses in the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties. Xidi and Hongcun were added onto the list on November 30,2000． 40. What can be seen in Longmen Grottoes? A. Pines and springs. B. Unique houses. C. Rocks and Temples. D. Carved stones. 41. In which place can you admire the Western music according to the passage? A. Huangshan Mountain. B. Longmen Grottoes. C. Gulangyu Island. D. Ancient villages in southem Anhui. 42. According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE? A. The Longmen Grottoes is located in the south of Anhui Province in eastern China. B. People can enjoy the natural scenery and fine Chinese artworks in Huangshan Mountain. C. Gulangyu is famous for its unique history and culture in the Ming and Qing dynasties. D. People fond of the Huizhou-styled houses can visit Ancient villages in Anhui. 【答案】40. D 41. C 42. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了中国一些被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的著名景点。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Longmen Grottoes 标题下的“It includes the largest collection of Chinese art of the late Northern Wei and Tang dynasties, and shows the achievements of Chinese stone carving.（它包括北魏晚期和唐时期最大的中国艺术收藏，并展示了中国石雕的成就。）”可知，在龙门石窟能够欣赏到许多石刻。故选D。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gulangyu Island 标题下的“Gulangyu is naturally referred to as the 'island of music', with such a harmonious mixture of Western music and Eastern culture.（鼓浪屿融合了西方音乐和东方文化，自然被称为‘音乐之岛’。）”可知，在鼓浪屿能够欣赏到西方的音乐。故选C。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据 Ancient villages in southern Anhui标题下“The villages show the architectural features of the Huizhou-styled living houses in the period of the Ming and Qing dynasties.（这些村落展示了明清时期徽州民居的建筑特色。）”可知，一位喜欢徽派建筑的人们可能会选择参观安徽的古村落。故选D。 (C) While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. Dutch authors Thalia Verkade and Marco te Brömmelstroet are bothered by facts like these. In their new book Movement: How to Take Back Our Streets and Transform Our Lives, they call for a rethink of our streets and the role they play in our lives. Life on city streets started to change decades ago. Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. Some communities fought back. Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well. Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. In Australia we now have over twenty million cars for just over twenty-six million people, among the highest rate of car ownership in the world. We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? The authors of Movement have it right: it’s time to think differently about that street outside your front door. 43. What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1? A. Cars often get stuck on the road. B. Traffic accidents occur frequently. C. People walk less and drive more. D. Pedestrians fail to follow the rules. 44. What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do? A. Keep their cities livable. B. Promote cultural diversity. C. Help the needy families. D. Make expressways accessible. 45. What can be inferred about the campaigns in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s? A. They boosted the sales of cars. B. They turned out largely ineffective. C. They won government support. D. They advocated building new parks. 46. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Why the Rush? B. What’s Next? C. Where to Stay? D. Who to Blame? 【答案】43. C 44. A 45. B 46. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years, transport studies also show declines in pedestrian (行人) mobility, especially among young children. Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school, so they pack them into the car instead. (虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Most famously, a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park. Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway, Jane Jacobs called on her mayor (市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” (最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，Jane Jacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Although these campaigns were widespread, the reality is that the majority of the western cities were completely redesigned around the needs of the motor car. The number of cars on roads has been increasing rapidly. (尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。 【46题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“We invest a lot in roads that help us rush through, but we fail to account for the true costs. Do we really recognise what it costs us as a society when children can’t move safely around our communities? (我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“Why the Rush? (为何匆匆？)”质问“rush through (匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Biological Clock When the sun rises on a warm and sunny day, you can see some flowers open up. When they close late in the afternoon, other flowers open. Biological rhythms, like the opening and closing of flowers, happen all over nature. But not all of them are daily rhythms. Some, like the beating of our hearts, happen every second. ________47________ Scientists use the term biological clock to describe the timing that controls biological rhythms. ________48________ In some animals it is probably controlled by the brain. In plants and other living things that have no brain, it must be something else. The migration of animals happens when a signal is sent out. For example, when days become shorter, birds leave the northern parts of the world and fly south where it is warm. In the summer they fly back to have babies. Humans also have biological clocks that control their daily rhythms. When people travel by plane from one continent to another, they often cross many time zones. Their internal clocks don’t seem to work correctly. We call this jet lag. ________49________ People who work night shifts also have problems with their biological clocks. They may not be as active as people who work during the day time. Biological clocks control many rhythms of life. ________50________ Doctors are looking for new ways to make traveling more comfortable and medical treatment more effective. A. But where can you find it? B. This makes them feel tired. C. Animals have a biological clock in their brains as well. D. We are learning more and more about them. E. Biological clocks can be adjusted. F. Other rhythms are based on months seasons or years. 【答案】47. F 48. A 49. B 50. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了生物钟如何控制自然界和生物体的各种生物节律，以及科学家对其的研究和探索。 【47题详解】 由上文“But not all of them are daily rhythms. Some, like the beating of our hearts, happen every second.(但并非所有这些都是日常节律。有些，比如我们的心跳，每秒都在跳动。)”可知，本空需列举其他类型的生物节律以形成对比，F选项“Other rhythms are based on months, seasons or years.(其他的节律是基于月份、季节或年份的。)”介绍了其他类型的生物节律，符合语境，故选F。 【48题详解】 由上文“Scientists use the term biological clock to describe the timing that controls biological rhythms.(科学家们用生物钟一词来描述控制生物节律的时间。)”和下文“In some animals it is probably controlled by the brain. In plants and other living things that have no brain, it must be something else.(在一些动物中，它可能由大脑控制。在植物和其他没有大脑的生物中，它一定是其他的东西。)”可知，空格处应提出与生物钟位置相关的疑问，以引出下文对其位置的探讨，A选项“But where can you find it?(但是你在哪里能找到它呢?)”能引出下文，符合语境，故选A。 【49题详解】 由上文“When people travel by plane from one continent to another, they often cross many time zones. Their internal clocks don’t seem to work correctly. We call this jet lag.(当人们乘飞机从一个大陆到另一个大陆时，他们经常会穿越多个时区。他们的生物钟似乎不正常了。我们称之为时差反应。)”可知，本空需说明时差反应带来的结果，B选项“This makes them feel tired.(这让他们感到很累。)”解释了时差带来的具体影响，符合语境，故选B。 【50题详解】 由下文“Doctors are looking for new ways to make traveling more comfortable and medical treatment more effective.(医生们正在寻找新的方法，让旅行更舒适，让医疗更有效。)”可知，空格处应体现人类对生物钟的认知和研究进程，D选项“We are learning more and more about them.(我们对它们的了解越来越多。)”引出下文对生物钟研究的讨论，符合语境，故选D。 IV. Summary Writing 51. Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize in no more than 60 words the main idea of the passage and how it is illustrated. Use your own words as far as possible. Sleeping is important, but we all know that, right? Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? There’s a great number of myths (错误看法) related to sleep, some of which can be quite damaging for our health. Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. From a young age we’re told to count sheep to help us to nod off, with some choosing to stay in bed to battle with sleeplessness. However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. He talks about a sleep study published in the journal Sleep Health which suggests that those who walk slightly more will experience better quality and duration (持续时间) of sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. So while there are some good tips like exercising or folding socks to help us get a good night’s sleep, sometimes a good afternoon’s sleep can help us handle the day ahead. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep. Neither cutting down on sleep time nor sleeping with the TV on is a good idea. However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help. Taking an afternoon nap may also help you stay energetic during the day. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍说由于睡眠的重要性，我们必须改善睡眠状况。既不能减少睡眠时间，也不要在睡觉时开着电视。不过，如果无法入睡，做一些无需动脑的事情、出去散步以及注意饮食都有助于改善睡眠。下午小睡一会儿也可能让你在白天保持精力充沛。 【详解】1.要点摘录 ①Many people have experienced strange sleeping patterns, weird dreams and a feeling of restlessness despite a good night’s sleep. So what sort of things can help you to improve your sleep? ②Former British Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher famously claimed that she only sleeps for five hours a night. But according to experts this is harmful to health. Likewise, napping (打盹) in front of the TV is another thing to avoid. The bright lights can prevent you from entering deep sleep. Watching what you eat or drink can also improve the amount of REM, or rapid eye movement you experience. ③However, some experts advise getting up and doing something mindless, like folding socks, to help us get in the mood for sleep. Psychologist Seth J. Gillihan PhD recommends walking to help in the battle against sleeplessness. ④Finally, a decent nap, or even a power nap, can help you to be more alert, calm and focused. 2.缜密构思 将第1个要点进行综述，将第2、3、4三个要点进行整合。 3.遣词造句 Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep. Neither cutting down on sleep time nor sleeping with the TV on is a good idea. However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help. Taking an afternoon nap may also help you stay energetic during the day. 【点睛】[高分句型1] However, doing something mindless if you can’t fall asleep, taking a walk and minding your diet can help.（运用了动名词doing作主语以及if引导条件状语从句） [高分句型2] Due to the importance of sleep, it is necessary to improve sleep.（运用了it作形式主语，不定式作真正主语） V. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这部卖座的电影是以一个真实的故事为基础的。(base) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The well-received/popular film is based on a true story. 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词、名词，短语和时态。表示“卖座的”应用形容词well-received 或popular修饰名词film；表示“以…… 为基础”应用固定短语 be based on；表示“真实的故事”短语为a true story，作介词on的宾语。描述一般事实，用一般现在时。故翻译为The well-received/popular film is based on a true story. 53. 自从我离开故乡，总会时不时想起这个迷人的海边小镇。(since) (汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Since I left my hometown, I have frequently recalled/thought of the fascinating seaside town. 【解析】 【详解】考查短语和时态。表示“自从”用since，主语为I；表示“离开故乡”用leave my hometown，发生在过去用一般过去时；主句主语为I；表示“总会时不时想起”可用frequently recall/think of，为过去的动作对现在的影响，为现在完成时；表示“这个迷人的海边小镇”为the fascinating seaside town。故翻译为Since I left my hometown, I have frequently recalled/thought of the fascinating seaside town. 54. 当你初至异邦，外国人的习俗可能会让你感到困惑不已。(likely)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When you first set foot on a foreign land, the customs of foreigners are likely to confuse you greatly/make you confused. 【解析】 【详解】考查动词、名词、形容词和副词。分析句子可知，主句和从句均用一般现在时表客观情况。表示“当你初至异邦”应用When you first set foot on a foreign land，when引导时间状语从句，set foot on为固定搭配，表“踏上”；表示“外国人的习俗”应用the customs of foreigners，在主句中作主语；表示“可能会”应用are likely to，形容词likely表“可能的”，be likely to do sth.，为固定结构；表示“让你感到困惑不已”应用confuse you greatly，副词greatly修饰动词confuse表程度，表示“让你感到困惑不已”也可用make you confused，为“make + 宾语 + 形容词”的复合结构表状态。故翻译为 When you first set foot on a foreign land, the customs of foreigners are likely to confuse you greatly/make you confused. 55. 骑车环游小岛，落日的景色如此美轮美奂，让我挪不开眼。(tear)(汉译英) _____________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When I was riding/ cycling around the small island, the scenery of the sunset was so breathtaking that I couldn’t tear my eyes away from it. 【解析】 【详解】考查词汇及句子结构。开头表示“骑车环游小岛”是句子的时间状语，可用when引导从句，I作主语，谓语动词使用cycle或ride，使用过去进行时，表示骑行时看到落日景色；使用介词短语around the small island作状语修饰cycle或ride。句子主干部分表示“落日的景色如此美轮美奂”可使用 the scenery of the sunset做主语；系动词be作谓语，句子叙述过去某时所见景象，使用一般过去时，主语为不可数名词，谓语动词使用was；形容词短语so breathtaking作表语；表示“如此……以至于”使用so...that...,结果状语从句中代词I作主语，谓语部分表示“挪不开眼睛”根据提示词可使用短语can’t/couldn’t tear one’s eyes away from ...,谓语使用一般过去时；物主代词使用my，宾语使用代词it指代the scenery of the sunset。故翻译为When I was riding/ cycling around the small island, the scenery of the sunset was so breathtaking that I couldn’t tear my eyes away from it. VI. Guided Writing 56. Directions: Write an English composition in 120—150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 假设你是明启中学高一学生王磊，你校英语报正向全体高一同学征文，主题为“开学以来最让我难忘的一件事”。你对此话题很感兴趣，写一篇文章投稿。 ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】During the past three months in the Mingqi senior high school, I have had many unforgettable experiences. One of the most unforgettable things was when our class prepared for a group singing competition. In order to win the competition, we all went for it. During the week before the competition, we practised singing in our free time. Although it was a hard job, every participant took it seriously and did their best. Thanks to our effort, we won the first prize. Hearing the exciting news, we were all wild with joy. The movement reminded me of an old saying—No pains, no gains. It was hard work, but during the course of preparation, we developed deep friendship, confidence as well as understanding! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生以“开学以来最让我难忘的一件事”为主题，向你校英语报投稿。 【详解】1.词汇积累 比赛：competition→ contest 空闲的：free→spare 消息：news→message 喜悦：joy→delight 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：In order to win the competition, we all went for it. 拓展句：We all went for it so that we could win the competition. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Hearing the exciting news, we were all wild with joy. (运用了现在分词作状语) 【高分句型2】Although it was a hard job, every participant took it seriously and did their best. (运用了Although引导让步状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $