精品解析：青海西宁二中教育集团2026-2027学年上学期高三10月阶段性检测英语试卷

西宁二中优质教育集团2026-2027学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科十月考试卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To submit her final paper. B. To seek guidance on her topic. C. To request a deadline extension. 2. Who is Jane Wilson probably? A. A wildlife biologist. B. A professional gardener. C. An environmental scientist. 3. What time is it now? A. 5:10. B. 5:20. C. 5:30. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A school competition. C. A homework task. 【答案】无 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a cinema. B. On a train. C. At a cafe. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman upset? A. Her luggage was lost. B. Her flight was canceled. C. Her train had left. 7. What will the man do for the woman? A. Drive her to the airport. B. Contact the airlines. C. Buy her a new ticket. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Fellow workers. C. Husband and wife. 9. What will the rural school use the money for? A. Constructing a library. B. Buying classroom supplies. C. Improving sports equipment. 10. What did Mr. Chen help do last Friday? A. Run free math classes. B. Clean up flooded streets. C. Organize an awards ceremony. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did the woman learn about the competition results? A. From the radio. B. From the Internet. C. From the notice board. 12. How long did the man use AI to improve his artwork? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 13. How did Ms. Park help the man? A. By suggesting a future option. B. By talking to the judges. C. By fixing the artwork. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is this nursery school special? A. It provides free meals. B. It has small class sizes. C. It uses outdoor learning. 15. What is a key part of the school’s education? A. Nature exploration. B. Classroom rules. C. Book learning. 16. What does Sue say about risks? A. They are dangerous. B. They are forbidden. C. They are necessary. 17. What is the parents’ attitude toward the school’s teaching methods? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Uncertain. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When did the speaker get his first real job? A. At age 21. B. At age 22. C. At age 23. 19. What was the speaker’s college major? A. Advertising. B. Fashion. C. Business. 20. Why does the speaker want to leave home? A. To start a fashion career. B. To gain independence. C. To be closer to his office. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Bike Rental Apps are gaining more popularity these days. The reason behind this is the rising importance of greener transportation systems. The following apps are shortlisted on the basis of user reviews on the application and services. 1. Gotcha Mobility Gotcha Mobility is one of the best bike rental apps as it offers a huge collection of more than 13,000 bikes with availability in 850 stations for renting and returning across the USA. It also offers apartments, offices and electronics for rent, irrespective of operation system. 2. Lime Lime is another bike rental app for Android and iOS that has a list of micro-mobility rides. These London-based vehicles can be used for a limited distance and cannot be used for commuting at a higher speed. Whenever you want to rent or return them, you have to download the Lime app and visit the nearest hub (枢纽). 3. Donkey Republic Donkey Republic is not just a bike rental app but it offers various other things for rent. Additionally, it also offers some of the best features like no ID cards, no cash, no deposits, no docking (停靠) stations, and being present in more than 100 cities of the world. The best part about the application is that it is compatible (兼容的) with both Android and iOS devices. 4. JUMP By Uber JUMP By Uber offers bikes in most of the major cities of America, and you can check for availability on the map and unlock it. After the ride is complete, you have to find the nearest hub and manually end the travel with the app. The application is available on both Android and iOS platforms. 1. Why does bike-sharing catch on? A. Because it is cheap. B. Because it is popular. C. Because it is low-carbon. D. Because it is convenient. 2. If you want to drop a shared bike anywhere, which app is suitable? A. Lime. B. Donkey Republic. C. JUMP By Uber. D. Gotcha Mobility. 3. Of the above four apps, what do they have in common? A. They are only workable in America. B. They are only applied to bike rental. C. Either operation system is OK for them. D. They can lock bikes automatically after riding. B Inmates to Entrepreneurs Inc, a 27-year-old program started by tech-businessman Brian Hamilton, began with a simple question and a simple answer. Hamilton had accompanied his friend to a local correctional facility as part of an outreach charity program. Towards the end of the visit, he asked one of the prisoners what he planned to do when he got out. “Get a job” was the answer. That answer bothered Hamilton a lot. Getting a job, if you had a criminal record, was extremely hard for them. Starting one’s own business seemed like a good alternative, and Hamilton knew a lot about how to do that. Hamilton grew up in a rough, low-income area of Connecticut. As a kid, he started finding ways to make money and did tasks others didn’t want to do, for example, grass-cutting. His business took off and by high school he had so many landscaping jobs to do that he hired some of his classmates. Upon graduation, he sold his business to pay for business school at Duke University. Hamilton teamed up with Reverend Harris to start Inmates to Entrepreneurs and began teaching in prisons. Lawrence Carpenter, who had been in prison twice before launching a multi-million-dollar commercial cleaning business, approached Hamilton about helping out. Carpenter, who now is the Chairman of Inmates to Entrepreneurs, started off small. He began his cleaning business by collecting the apartment guides and then writing a letter to each apartment complex, offering his services. When Carpenter included this story in his Inmates to Entrepreneurs classes, the reaction was immediate — he had given students an example of how self-employment could be done. In 1992 when Hamilton first started Inmates to Entrepreneurs, the idea of teaching people with criminal records how to start their own businesses was very unusual. Fortunately, in the past years its branches have sprung up throughout the country, and has become such a movement that now even the U.S. Congress is considering legislation (立法) to provide business training inside prisons. 4. What’s Inmates to Entrepreneurs? A. To help prisoners start businesses. B. To improve prisoners’ legal knowledge. C. To engage prisoners in charity programs. D. To share tips on job-hunting with prisoners. 5. How does Hamilton’s program go? A. Difficult.  B. Successful.  C. Disappointing.  D. Uncertain. 6. What’s Hamilton like? A. Caring and helpful.   B. Generous and funny. C. Passionate and gentle.  D. Optimistic and dutiful. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. A Nationwide Movement: Engaging Prisoners B. A Nationwide Movement: Starting up Charity Program C. A Nationwide Movement: Inmates to Entrepreneurs D. A Nationwide Movement: Training Unemployed People C Re-purposing diapers (尿布) to make building materials would reduce the amount of garbage that goes to a landfill. It could also make homes more affordable. Maybe giving used diapers a new use could help tackle both problems. Building materials — especially those that are used for strengthening structures — are often expensive. They’re often the biggest hurdle to making homes affordable. So researchers have previously investigated unusual materials that could save costs. These materials included many that would otherwise pile up as waste, such as fly ash. “There is a big need in developing countries such as the Southeast Asian nation — Indonesia. There, demand for low-cost housing outstrips (超过) what’s available. The number of people in Indonesia’s cities has climbed by about 4 percent per year in the last 30 years. By 2025, more than two-thirds of Indonesians are expected to live in urban areas. Indonesia’s population boom is intensifying the demand for housing,” says Zuraida, an environmental engineer in Indonesia. “Despite the need for more affordable housing, there are significant problems that stand in the way of adopting diapers,” Zuraida says. Used diapers contain wood pulp, cotton and plastic, which are potentially useful building materials. Diapers’ plastic components would have to be separated from the organic fibers, a complicated recycling process currently available only in developed nations. And Indonesia’s building regulations restrict together-materials to bricks, wood, steel and concrete (which is used to hold bricks together) — materials that also bear a high cost in terms of carbon emissions. “But reusing diapers might not be that environmentally friendly, especially on a large scale. It’s tricky to separate dirty diapers from waste and disinfect them. So it would take a lot of energy to recycle diapers. It’s maybe worthwhile to start thinking about ways to replace single-use diapers with something less frequently thrown away,” says Christof Schrofl, a chemist who works at Technische Universität Dresden in Germany. 8. Which statement describes the idea of repurposing diapers best? A. No pains, no gains.   B. Waste not, want not. C. Kill two birds with one stone.  D. Great minds think alike. 9. What is the meaning of the underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2? A. Phase.  B. Barrier.  C. Goal.  D. Advantage. 10. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph? A. It is illegal to use diapers as building material in Indonesia. B. Making building materials has little effect on climate warming. C. The plastic components in diapers can make buildings stronger. D. Developed countries have difficulty separating organic fibers on diapers. 11. What is Schrofl’s attitude towards reusing diapers? A. Indifferent  B. Supportive.  C. Admiring.  D. Disapproving. D It’s mid-afternoon. You’re full from lunch. The day is warm. You’re starting to feel sleepy. Should you give in to the comfort of a nap (打盹)? In point of advantage, it is worth it. Though there is some disagreement as to whether napping benefits everyone, research suggests naps can boost at least some people’s mental process of understanding in the short term. Several studies find that a well-timed nap can provide a short-term boost in brainpower. For example, scientists reviewed past research that focused on healthy participants with regular sleep cycles. That review, published in 2009 in the Journal of Sleep Research, shows that napping improves factors ranging from reaction time to alertness (警觉) to memory performance. “A brief nap can also inspire people with creativity,” a 2021 study in Science Advances found. In that research, participants were given math problems that could be solved with an easy short cut that they weren’t told about. Some participants were encouraged to take a brief nap before tackling the problems. The researchers found those who napped—and spent even just 30 seconds in the first, lightest phase of sleep--were 2.7 times more likely to figure out the short cut than those who stayed awake. But entering a deeper sleep phase had a negative effect on this creative insight. In other words, there may be a “sweet spot” of mental relaxation that clears the way for moments of inspiration. “Timing your naps right can reduce sleep inertia (睡眠惯性),” says Natalie Dautovich, a psychologist at Virginia Commonwealth University. “A 20-minute nap is recharging and 60 to 90 minutes of sleep can be even more restorative. The nap to avoid is the one lasting more than 20 minutes and less than 60 minutes, which is most likely to lead to sleep inertia.” “The short-term benefits of naps are well established, but pinning down the relationship between naps and any specific health outcomes, long-term effects of napping, is not always simple. For example, greater daytime sleepiness is symptomatic of many health conditions, and therefore napping may not necessarily be the cause of these conditions but rather a consequence,” says Victoria Garfield, a professor of University College London. 12. What can we know about napping from the first paragraph? A. It is favourable to people. B. It make people inefficient. C. It can boost people’s night sleep. D. It has little effect on people’s ability. 13. What would you be if you take a half-an-hour nap? A. Bored. B. Sleepy. C. Enthusiastic. D. Restorative. 14. How does the writer prove arguments in the text mainly? A. By listing statistics. B. By criticize wrong opinions. C. By making comparison. D. By presenting study results. 15. What will the author probably talk about next? A. The reasons for unhealthy physical conditions. B. The ways to set the appropriate time of napping. C. The association between nap and health conditions. D. The means to get into the habit of long-term napping. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Kindness May Keep You Healthy If you are driving in the United States, you may see a common bumper (汽车保险杠) sticker on passing vehicles that reads: ___16___ The saying is meant to urge people to behave in a gentle, caring, and helpful way towards others without thinking or planning ahead. ___17___ In one experiment, Brian are, an anthropologist (人类学家) at Duke University, asked a group of people to perform three acts of generosity for other individuals each week. These acts could be small, like opening a door for someone. The people who were caring, gentle and friendly towards others reported experiencing contentment, satisfaction and happiness. However, being kind is not just emotionally beneficial. Lyubomirsky studied a group of people with the disease Multiple Sclerosis (多发性硬化). ___18___ Her research also pointed out that people showing kindness to others had less inflammation (炎症) in their bodies. And in other studies, Lyubomirsky said more anti-viral genes were found in people who extended a helping hand to other people ___19___ In one study, researchers gave people a list of values — such as kindness, creativity, ambition, tradition, security, seeking social justice, and seeking power. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won. “The basic reason why people are kind,” Oliver Curry, explained, the research director at Kind-lab that is a non-profit organization, “is that we are social animals. Kindness is as much a part of us as our anger, grief or desire.”___20___ A. Perform random acts of kindness B. Acts of kindness are very powerful C. In other words, we are designed to be kind. D. She found that they felt better physically when helping others. E. Research shows that doing kind things can make us feel better F. He found that being kind makes people feel better emotionally, G. Other research has shown that many people prize kindness above other values 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every morning at 4:30 a.m., Yang He, a 64-year-old ____21____, wakes up in the small hours and drives to the banks of the Yangtze River in Yichang, Hubei Province. Upon arrival, he patiently waits there for finless porpoises (江豚) to come out from the water, hoping to ____22____ their beauty. As a devoted ____23____ of finless porpoises, Yang has taken more than 100,000 vivid photos of the ____24____ species in the past six years. “I know this group of finless porpoises very ____25____. They are just like my children,” he says. Yangtze finless porpoises are so connected to the Yangtze River that any change in the health of it can support or threaten their ____26____. “I first ____27____ a finless porpoise as a teenager when there were far fewer boats on the River. I would ____28____ see them pursuing boats as they made their way down the river,” Yang says, adding that as human activity increased, they became rare. Over the past few decades, however, significant measures have been ____29____ to change the fate (命运) of this species. In 2017, Yang was fortunate enough to spot a finless porpoise after a long ____30____. Over the last five years alone, the population of Yangtze finless porpoises has increased to 1,249, marking a ____31____ of 23.4 percent. Today, groups of these creatures can once again be ____32____ leaping above the water’s surface. “I will continue to take more beautiful photos of them as long as I am able to ____33____ a camera and keep a(n) ____34____ on them,” Yang says, adding that he will make it his life’s mission to ____35____ these remarkable creatures. 21. A. banker  B. fisherman  C. photographer  D. journalist 22. A. reflect  B. capture  C. inquire  D. justify 23. A. admirer  B. specialist  C. keeper  D. subscriber 24. A. motivated  B. endangered  C. occupied  D. caged 25. A. further  B. slightly  C. little  D. well 26. A. comprehension  B. weight  C. survival  D. vision 27. A. pictured  B. trained  C. reserved  D. encountered 28. A. frequently  B. rarely  C. occasionally  D. never 29. A. called off  B. carried out  C. put aside  D. got across 30. A. reference  B. journey  C. gap  D. interaction 31. A. decline  B. tendency  C. share  D. rise 32. A. justified  B. expected  C. observed  D. dominated 33. A. hold  B. abandon  C. deserve  D. polish 34. A. pace  B. ear  C. secret  D. eye 35. A. advocate  B. document  C. transform  D. donate 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Paper-making is widely known as one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient Chinese civilization along with printing, gunpowder, and compass. Among ____36____ (vary) types of paper, Xuan paper, also known as rice paper, is not only a necessary part of Chinese culture but also a witness ____37____ Chinese history for thousands of years. Since its origin, Xuan paper ____38____ (link) closely with calligraphy and painting. As ____39____ essential carrier of Chinese culture, it has the title “King of All Paper”. Li Keran (1907-1989), one of the most well-known contemporary Chinese ____40____ (paint) once toured Xuancheng City, ____41____ Xuan paper is named after, and said, “We leave nothing without you.”, seeing craftsmen slaving away at producing the paper. According to the NLC, there are nearly 30 million ancient paper books ____42____ (store) in the library, and most of them are made by Xuan paper. So why did Xuan paper become such a hit with literati (文人) and artists? ____43____ (feature) a smooth surface, pure texture and high tensile (张力的) strength, it can ____44____ (preserve) for a long time. The texture and quality of it will not change for more than a millennium (一千年), and if kept well, Xuan paper’s longevity can reach more than 2,000 years while the ink on it remains fresh _____45_____ bright. The paper, therefore, is entitled “Paper of the Ages”. 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高中生李华，你班计划举办一场英语演讲比赛。外教Jenny提供了“The Beauty of Art”和“The Charm of Sports”两个话题，征求大家的意见。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．说明你支持的话题； 2．阐述理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jenny, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a cold, damp evening in mid-November, a sharp wind cut through the streets, but Jack paid little attention to the chill. As a delivery rider, he had just finished a few smooth orders, his hands warm from the hot milk tea cups he’d been carrying, and his spirits fairly good. Stepping out of a milk tea shop, he found the spot where his second-hand electric bike had been parked now empty. In an instant, his heart sank, and a wave of hopelessness swept over him, turning his calm evening into a nightmare. That bike was far more than just a vehicle; it was his lifeline, the only way for him to earn daily income and cover his living expenses. Panic set in as he remembered the undelivered orders — especially a cup of hot milk tea for Ms. White, a regular customer. His hand trembled as he pressed the voice button, his words laced with sorrow and anxiety as he apologized repeatedly, offering to pay for the undelivered drink. To his great surprise, Ms. White did not respond with anger or complaint, but with gentle kindness. Ms. White told him not to worry and to take his time finding his bike. Her understanding words calmed him, but also deepened his sense of responsibility. “She is so kind. I cannot let her down,” he thought. For nearly two hours, he searched every nearby street, but there was no sign of his bike. As night grew darker and the wind bit harder, Jack clenched his fists and made a firm decision. He took out his poor savings, bought a bag of fresh apples and a new cup of hot milk tea, then set off on foot to Ms. White’s apartment, several kilometers away. The wind bit into his thin jacket, and his old shoes grew heavy with mud, but the thought of keeping his promise and maintaining his integrity kept him moving forward through the dimly lit urban landscape. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, breathless, Jack reached Ms. White’s doorstep and rang the bell. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Deeply moved by Jack’s action, Ms. White decided to share the story online that night. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 西宁二中优质教育集团2026-2027学年第一学期 高三年级英语学科十月考试卷 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话，选出最佳选项。 1. Why does the woman talk to the man? A. To submit her final paper. B. To seek guidance on her topic. C. To request a deadline extension. 2. Who is Jane Wilson probably? A. A wildlife biologist. B. A professional gardener. C. An environmental scientist. 3. What time is it now? A. 5:10. B. 5:20. C. 5:30. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A weekend plan. B. A school competition. C. A homework task. 【答案】无 5. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a cinema. B. On a train. C. At a cafe. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白，选出最佳选项。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Why is the woman upset? A. Her luggage was lost. B. Her flight was canceled. C. Her train had left. 7. What will the man do for the woman? A. Drive her to the airport. B. Contact the airlines. C. Buy her a new ticket. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Fellow workers. C. Husband and wife. 9. What will the rural school use the money for? A. Constructing a library. B. Buying classroom supplies. C. Improving sports equipment. 10. What did Mr. Chen help do last Friday? A. Run free math classes. B. Clean up flooded streets. C. Organize an awards ceremony. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. Where did the woman learn about the competition results? A. From the radio. B. From the Internet. C. From the notice board. 12. How long did the man use AI to improve his artwork? A. One hour. B. Two hours. C. Three hours. 13. How did Ms. Park help the man? A. By suggesting a future option. B. By talking to the judges. C. By fixing the artwork. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. Why is this nursery school special? A. It provides free meals. B. It has small class sizes. C. It uses outdoor learning. 15. What is a key part of the school’s education? A. Nature exploration. B. Classroom rules. C. Book learning. 16. What does Sue say about risks? A. They are dangerous. B. They are forbidden. C. They are necessary. 17. What is the parents’ attitude toward the school’s teaching methods? A. Favorable. B. Critical. C. Uncertain. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When did the speaker get his first real job? A. At age 21. B. At age 22. C. At age 23. 19. What was the speaker’s college major? A. Advertising. B. Fashion. C. Business. 20. Why does the speaker want to leave home? A. To start a fashion career. B. To gain independence. C. To be closer to his office. 第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Bike Rental Apps are gaining more popularity these days. The reason behind this is the rising importance of greener transportation systems. The following apps are shortlisted on the basis of user reviews on the application and services. 1. Gotcha Mobility Gotcha Mobility is one of the best bike rental apps as it offers a huge collection of more than 13,000 bikes with availability in 850 stations for renting and returning across the USA. It also offers apartments, offices and electronics for rent, irrespective of operation system. 2. Lime Lime is another bike rental app for Android and iOS that has a list of micro-mobility rides. These London-based vehicles can be used for a limited distance and cannot be used for commuting at a higher speed. Whenever you want to rent or return them, you have to download the Lime app and visit the nearest hub (枢纽). 3. Donkey Republic Donkey Republic is not just a bike rental app but it offers various other things for rent. Additionally, it also offers some of the best features like no ID cards, no cash, no deposits, no docking (停靠) stations, and being present in more than 100 cities of the world. The best part about the application is that it is compatible (兼容的) with both Android and iOS devices. 4. JUMP By Uber JUMP By Uber offers bikes in most of the major cities of America, and you can check for availability on the map and unlock it. After the ride is complete, you have to find the nearest hub and manually end the travel with the app. The application is available on both Android and iOS platforms. 1. Why does bike-sharing catch on? A. Because it is cheap. B. Because it is popular. C. Because it is low-carbon. D. Because it is convenient. 2. If you want to drop a shared bike anywhere, which app is suitable? A. Lime. B. Donkey Republic. C. JUMP By Uber. D. Gotcha Mobility. 3. Of the above four apps, what do they have in common? A. They are only workable in America. B. They are only applied to bike rental. C. Either operation system is OK for them. D. They can lock bikes automatically after riding. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了如今，自行车租赁应用程序因其绿色出行需求而广受欢迎。本文介绍了四款顶尖的应用程序——Gotcha Mobility、Lime、Donkey Republic 和 JUMP By Uber，分别列出了它们的特点、覆盖范围和支持的系统。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Bike Rental Apps are gaining more popularity these days. The reason behind this is the rising importance of greener transportation systems.( 如今，自行车租赁应用程序越来越受欢迎。其背后的原因在于环保交通系统的日益重要性。)”可知，自行车出租软件的流行与绿色交通系统重要性的不断提升有关，即租自行车出行这种低碳出行方式是自行车出租软件流行的原因。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Donkey Republic中“Additionally, it also offers some of the best features like no ID cards, no cash, no deposits, no docking (停靠) stations, and being present in more than 100 cities of the world.( 此外，它还具备一些出色的特性，比如无需身份证、无需现金、无需押金、无需停靠站，并且在全球超过 100 个城市都有服务。)” 可知，在Donkey Republic软件上租的车可以不用到指定地点还车，随停随还。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Gotcha Mobility中“It also offers apartments, offices and electronics for rent, irrespective of operation system.( 此外，它还提供公寓、办公室和电子产品租赁服务，不受操作系统限制。)”、Lime中“Lime is another bike rental app for Android and iOS that has a list of micro-mobility rides.( Lime 是另一款适用于安卓和 iOS 系统的自行车租赁应用程序，它提供了多种微型交通工具的租赁服务。)”、Donkey Republic中“The best part about the application is that it is compatible (兼容的) with both Android and iOS devices.( 该应用程序最棒的地方在于它兼容安卓和苹果设备。)”以及JUMP By Uber中“The application is available on both Android and iOS platforms.( 该应用程序可在安卓和苹果平台使用。)”可知，这四款软件都可以在安卓系统和苹果手机系统上使用，即任何一款操作系统都可以。故选C项。 B Inmates to Entrepreneurs Inc, a 27-year-old program started by tech-businessman Brian Hamilton, began with a simple question and a simple answer. Hamilton had accompanied his friend to a local correctional facility as part of an outreach charity program. Towards the end of the visit, he asked one of the prisoners what he planned to do when he got out. “Get a job” was the answer. That answer bothered Hamilton a lot. Getting a job, if you had a criminal record, was extremely hard for them. Starting one’s own business seemed like a good alternative, and Hamilton knew a lot about how to do that. Hamilton grew up in a rough, low-income area of Connecticut. As a kid, he started finding ways to make money and did tasks others didn’t want to do, for example, grass-cutting. His business took off and by high school he had so many landscaping jobs to do that he hired some of his classmates. Upon graduation, he sold his business to pay for business school at Duke University. Hamilton teamed up with Reverend Harris to start Inmates to Entrepreneurs and began teaching in prisons. Lawrence Carpenter, who had been in prison twice before launching a multi-million-dollar commercial cleaning business, approached Hamilton about helping out. Carpenter, who now is the Chairman of Inmates to Entrepreneurs, started off small. He began his cleaning business by collecting the apartment guides and then writing a letter to each apartment complex, offering his services. When Carpenter included this story in his Inmates to Entrepreneurs classes, the reaction was immediate — he had given students an example of how self-employment could be done. In 1992 when Hamilton first started Inmates to Entrepreneurs, the idea of teaching people with criminal records how to start their own businesses was very unusual. Fortunately, in the past years its branches have sprung up throughout the country, and has become such a movement that now even the U.S. Congress is considering legislation (立法) to provide business training inside prisons. 4. What’s Inmates to Entrepreneurs? A. To help prisoners start businesses. B. To improve prisoners’ legal knowledge. C. To engage prisoners in charity programs. D. To share tips on job-hunting with prisoners. 5. How does Hamilton’s program go? A. Difficult.  B. Successful.  C. Disappointing.  D. Uncertain. 6. What’s Hamilton like? A. Caring and helpful.   B. Generous and funny. C. Passionate and gentle.  D. Optimistic and dutiful. 7. Which of the following can be the best title of the text? A. A Nationwide Movement: Engaging Prisoners B. A Nationwide Movement: Starting up Charity Program C. A Nationwide Movement: Inmates to Entrepreneurs D. A Nationwide Movement: Training Unemployed People 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了Brian Hamilton创办项目，帮助有犯罪记录的囚犯创业，该项目发展良好并获得关注。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Starting one’s own business seemed like a good alternative, and Hamilton knew a lot about how to do that.(自主创业似乎是一个不错的选择，而汉密尔顿很懂该如何创业。)”以及第四段中“Hamilton teamed up with Reverend Harris to start Inmates to Entrepreneurs and began teaching in prisons.(汉密尔顿和哈里斯牧师合作创办了“囚犯变企业家”项目，并开始在监狱授课。)”可知，这个项目旨在帮助囚犯创业。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Fortunately, in the past years its branches have sprung up throughout the country, and has become such a movement that now even the U.S. Congress is considering legislation (立法) to provide business training inside prisons.(幸运的是，在过去这些年里它的分支机构在全国各地涌现，发展成一场声势浩大的活动，如今甚至美国国会都在考虑立法，在监狱内提供创业培训。)”可知，项目发展态势很好，是成功的。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“That answer bothered Hamilton a lot. Getting a job, if you had a criminal record, was extremely hard for them.(这个答案让汉密尔顿十分困扰。有犯罪记录的人想找一份工作是极其困难的。)”可知，他体恤这类人群，愿意伸出援手，是关心他人、乐于助人的。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，文章围绕项目Inmates to Entrepreneurs展开，介绍它的创立缘由、发展情况。C选项“A Nationwide Movement: Inmates to Entrepreneurs(一场全国性行动：囚犯变企业家)”贴合文章核心。 C Re-purposing diapers (尿布) to make building materials would reduce the amount of garbage that goes to a landfill. It could also make homes more affordable. Maybe giving used diapers a new use could help tackle both problems. Building materials — especially those that are used for strengthening structures — are often expensive. They’re often the biggest hurdle to making homes affordable. So researchers have previously investigated unusual materials that could save costs. These materials included many that would otherwise pile up as waste, such as fly ash. “There is a big need in developing countries such as the Southeast Asian nation — Indonesia. There, demand for low-cost housing outstrips (超过) what’s available. The number of people in Indonesia’s cities has climbed by about 4 percent per year in the last 30 years. By 2025, more than two-thirds of Indonesians are expected to live in urban areas. Indonesia’s population boom is intensifying the demand for housing,” says Zuraida, an environmental engineer in Indonesia. “Despite the need for more affordable housing, there are significant problems that stand in the way of adopting diapers,” Zuraida says. Used diapers contain wood pulp, cotton and plastic, which are potentially useful building materials. Diapers’ plastic components would have to be separated from the organic fibers, a complicated recycling process currently available only in developed nations. And Indonesia’s building regulations restrict together-materials to bricks, wood, steel and concrete (which is used to hold bricks together) — materials that also bear a high cost in terms of carbon emissions. “But reusing diapers might not be that environmentally friendly, especially on a large scale. It’s tricky to separate dirty diapers from waste and disinfect them. So it would take a lot of energy to recycle diapers. It’s maybe worthwhile to start thinking about ways to replace single-use diapers with something less frequently thrown away,” says Christof Schrofl, a chemist who works at Technische Universität Dresden in Germany. 8. Which statement describes the idea of repurposing diapers best? A. No pains, no gains.   B. Waste not, want not. C. Kill two birds with one stone.  D. Great minds think alike. 9. What is the meaning of the underlined word “hurdle” in Paragraph 2? A. Phase.  B. Barrier.  C. Goal.  D. Advantage. 10. What can be inferred from the fourth paragraph? A. It is illegal to use diapers as building material in Indonesia. B. Making building materials has little effect on climate warming. C. The plastic components in diapers can make buildings stronger. D. Developed countries have difficulty separating organic fibers on diapers. 11. What is Schrofl’s attitude towards reusing diapers? A. Indifferent  B. Supportive.  C. Admiring.  D. Disapproving. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了将尿布回收制成建材可同时减少垃圾、降低建房成本，同时也点明该做法在技术、政策、环保层面存在诸多现实阻碍。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Re-purposing diapers (尿布) to make building materials would reduce the amount of garbage that goes to a landfill. It could also make homes more affordable. Maybe giving used diapers a new use could help tackle both problems.(将尿布重新利用制作建筑材料，可以减少垃圾填埋的数量，同时也能降低住房成本。或许让使用过的尿布焕发新生，有助于解决这两个问题)”可知，尿布改造为建筑材料，既能减少填埋垃圾，又能降低建房成本，同时解决两个问题。C项Kill two birds with one stone.(一石二鸟)完全契合这个核心思路。 【9题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词上一句“Building materials — especially those that are used for strengthening structures — are often expensive.(建筑材料——尤其是用于加固结构的材料——通常价格昂贵)”可知，建筑材料通常价格高昂，高价建材是让人们负担得起住房的最大阻碍。由此可知，划线词应该是表示“阻碍”的意思，与B项Barrier(障碍、阻碍)意思相近。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“And Indonesia’s building regulations restrict together-materials to bricks, wood, steel and concrete (which is used to hold bricks together) — materials that also bear a high cost in terms of carbon emissions.(此外，印度尼西亚的建筑法规规定，粘合材料只能包括砖块、木材、钢材和混凝土（用于固定砖块），而这些材料在碳排放方面也存在较高成本)”可知，印尼的建筑法规只允许使用砖、木、钢、混凝土这类粘合材料。由此推断，在印尼把尿布用作建筑材料是不符合现行规定、属于非法行为。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But reusing diapers might not be that environmentally friendly, especially on a large scale. It’s tricky to separate dirty diapers from waste and disinfect them. So it would take a lot of energy to recycle diapers. It’s maybe worthwhile to start thinking about ways to replace single-use diapers with something less frequently thrown away.(但重复使用尿布可能并不那么环保，尤其是在大规模应用的情况下。将脏尿布与废弃物分开并进行消毒十分困难，因此回收尿布需要消耗大量能源。或许值得考虑一些方法，用更少被丢弃的替代品来取代一次性尿布)”可知，Schrofl对回收尿布做建材的态度是不赞同的。 D It’s mid-afternoon. You’re full from lunch. The day is warm. You’re starting to feel sleepy. Should you give in to the comfort of a nap (打盹)? In point of advantage, it is worth it. Though there is some disagreement as to whether napping benefits everyone, research suggests naps can boost at least some people’s mental process of understanding in the short term. Several studies find that a well-timed nap can provide a short-term boost in brainpower. For example, scientists reviewed past research that focused on healthy participants with regular sleep cycles. That review, published in 2009 in the Journal of Sleep Research, shows that napping improves factors ranging from reaction time to alertness (警觉) to memory performance. “A brief nap can also inspire people with creativity,” a 2021 study in Science Advances found. In that research, participants were given math problems that could be solved with an easy short cut that they weren’t told about. Some participants were encouraged to take a brief nap before tackling the problems. The researchers found those who napped—and spent even just 30 seconds in the first, lightest phase of sleep--were 2.7 times more likely to figure out the short cut than those who stayed awake. But entering a deeper sleep phase had a negative effect on this creative insight. In other words, there may be a “sweet spot” of mental relaxation that clears the way for moments of inspiration. “Timing your naps right can reduce sleep inertia (睡眠惯性),” says Natalie Dautovich, a psychologist at Virginia Commonwealth University. “A 20-minute nap is recharging and 60 to 90 minutes of sleep can be even more restorative. The nap to avoid is the one lasting more than 20 minutes and less than 60 minutes, which is most likely to lead to sleep inertia.” “The short-term benefits of naps are well established, but pinning down the relationship between naps and any specific health outcomes, long-term effects of napping, is not always simple. For example, greater daytime sleepiness is symptomatic of many health conditions, and therefore napping may not necessarily be the cause of these conditions but rather a consequence,” says Victoria Garfield, a professor of University College London. 12. What can we know about napping from the first paragraph? A. It is favourable to people. B. It make people inefficient. C. It can boost people’s night sleep. D. It has little effect on people’s ability. 13. What would you be if you take a half-an-hour nap? A. Bored. B. Sleepy. C. Enthusiastic. D. Restorative. 14. How does the writer prove arguments in the text mainly? A. By listing statistics. B. By criticize wrong opinions. C. By making comparison. D. By presenting study results. 15. What will the author probably talk about next? A. The reasons for unhealthy physical conditions. B. The ways to set the appropriate time of napping. C. The association between nap and health conditions. D. The means to get into the habit of long-term napping. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。日间小睡对人是有好处的，但是应该控制小睡的时间，但是小睡和任何特定健康结果之间的关系以及午睡的长期影响尚不可知。文章对此进行了介绍。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Though there is some disagreement as to whether napping benefits everyone, research suggests naps can boost at least some people’s mental process of understanding in the short term.(尽管对于小睡是否对每个人都有好处还存在分歧，但研究表明，小睡至少可以在短期内促进一些人的思维理解过程。)”可知，从第一段中可以了解到小睡对人是有好处的。故选A。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段第二句中的“The nap to avoid is the one lasting more than 20 minutes and less than 60 minutes, which is most likely to lead to sleep inertia.(要避免的午睡是持续时间超过20分钟和少于60分钟的，这最有可能导致睡眠惯性。)”可知，如果你小睡半小时会觉得困倦。故选B。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Several studies find that a well-timed nap can provide a short-term boost in brainpower.(几项研究发现，适时的小睡可以在短期内提高脑力。)”和第三段第一句““A brief nap can also inspire people with creativity,” a 2021 study in Science Advances found.(《科学进展》杂志2021年的一项研究发现：“短暂的小睡也能激发人们的创造力。”)”可知，作者在文中主要通过展示研究结果来证明观点。故选D。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段““The short-term benefits of naps are well established, but pinning down the relationship between naps and any specific health outcomes, long-term effects of napping, is not always simple. For example, greater daytime sleepiness is symptomatic of many health conditions, and therefore napping may not necessarily be the cause of these conditions but rather a consequence,” says Victoria Garfield, a professor of University College London.(“小睡的短期好处是众所周知的，但要确定小睡和任何特定健康结果之间的关系，以及午睡的长期影响，并不总是那么简单。”例如，白天更困是许多健康问题的症状，因此午睡可能不一定是这些问题的原因，而是结果。”伦敦大学学院教授维多利亚·加菲尔德说。)”可知，作者接下来可能讨论午睡与健康状况之间的关系。故选C。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Kindness May Keep You Healthy If you are driving in the United States, you may see a common bumper (汽车保险杠) sticker on passing vehicles that reads: ___16___ The saying is meant to urge people to behave in a gentle, caring, and helpful way towards others without thinking or planning ahead. ___17___ In one experiment, Brian are, an anthropologist (人类学家) at Duke University, asked a group of people to perform three acts of generosity for other individuals each week. These acts could be small, like opening a door for someone. The people who were caring, gentle and friendly towards others reported experiencing contentment, satisfaction and happiness. However, being kind is not just emotionally beneficial. Lyubomirsky studied a group of people with the disease Multiple Sclerosis (多发性硬化). ___18___ Her research also pointed out that people showing kindness to others had less inflammation (炎症) in their bodies. And in other studies, Lyubomirsky said more anti-viral genes were found in people who extended a helping hand to other people ___19___ In one study, researchers gave people a list of values — such as kindness, creativity, ambition, tradition, security, seeking social justice, and seeking power. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won. “The basic reason why people are kind,” Oliver Curry, explained, the research director at Kind-lab that is a non-profit organization, “is that we are social animals. Kindness is as much a part of us as our anger, grief or desire.”___20___ A. Perform random acts of kindness B. Acts of kindness are very powerful C. In other words, we are designed to be kind. D. She found that they felt better physically when helping others. E. Research shows that doing kind things can make us feel better F. He found that being kind makes people feel better emotionally, G. Other research has shown that many people prize kindness above other values 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. D 19. G 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。本文介绍了善良和友好对健康的益处。研究表明，对他人的关心和善意可以带来情感上的满足和幸福感，同时也可以减少身体炎症和增强免疫系统。此外，善良是人类社会性本能的表现之一。文章呼吁人们在生活中多表现出善良和友好。 【16题详解】 根据后文“The saying is meant to urge people to behave in a gentle, caring, and helpful way towards others without thinking or planning ahead.(这句话的意思是敦促人们在不考虑或事先计划的情况下，以温柔、关心和帮助的方式对待他人。)”可知，此处解释了汽车保险杠上贴纸的内容：敦促人们在不考虑或事先计划的情况下，以温柔、关心和帮助的方式对待他人。A选项“Perform random acts of kindness(随意做一些善意的事情)”概括后文的内容，指出要以温柔、关心和帮助的方式对待他人，与下文形成呼应。故选A。 【17题详解】 根据后文“These acts could be small, like opening a door for someone. The people who were caring, gentle and friendly towards others reported experiencing contentment, satisfaction and happiness.(这些行为可能很小，比如为别人开门。那些对别人关心、温柔、友好的人报告说他们感到满足、满意和幸福。)”可知，此处强调的是做一些善良的事情会让人感觉到满足、满意和幸福。E选项“Research shows that doing kind things can make us feel better (研究表明，做好事可以让我们感觉更好)”引起下文，指出做好事会让我们感觉更好，符合语境。故选E。 【18题详解】 根据后文“Her research also pointed out that people showing kindness to others had less inflammation (炎症) in their bodies. (她的研究还指出，对他人友善的人体内的炎症更少。)”可知，此处以炎症为例，解释对他人友善会对身体有好处。D选项“She found that they felt better physically when helping others.(她发现当他们帮助别人时，他们的身体感觉更好。)”引起下文，指出对别人善良，会让身体感觉更好，后文具体例子进行说明，符合语境。故选D。 【19题详解】 根据后文“In one study, researchers gave people a list of values — such as kindness, creativity, ambition, tradition, security, seeking social justice, and seeking power. When asked to pick the most important, kindness won.(在一项研究中，研究人员给人们列出了一系列价值观，比如善良、创造力、雄心、传统、安全感、追求社会正义和追求权力。当被要求选出最重要的东西时，善良胜出。)”可知，此处介绍的是一项研究成果即善良高于创造力、雄心以及传统等价值观。G选项“Other research has shown that many people prize kindness above other values(其他研究表明，许多人认为善良高于其他价值观)”概括后文的内容，形成呼应。故选G。 【20题详解】 根据前文““The basic reason why people are kind,” Oliver Curry, explained, the research director at Kind-lab that is a non-profit organization, “is that we are social animals. Kindness is as much a part of us as our anger, grief or desire.”(非营利组织kind -lab的研究主任Oliver Curry解释说：“人们善良的基本原因是，我们是社会性动物。”善良是我们的一部分，就像我们的愤怒、悲伤或欲望一样。”)”可知，Oliver Curry认为人们善良的原因在于善良是我们人本身的一部分，即人生来就是善良的。C选项“In other words, we are designed to be kind.(换句话说，我们生来就是善良的。)”承接前文，指出人生来就是善良的，与前文形成呼应。故选C。 第三部分：语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Every morning at 4:30 a.m., Yang He, a 64-year-old ____21____, wakes up in the small hours and drives to the banks of the Yangtze River in Yichang, Hubei Province. Upon arrival, he patiently waits there for finless porpoises (江豚) to come out from the water, hoping to ____22____ their beauty. As a devoted ____23____ of finless porpoises, Yang has taken more than 100,000 vivid photos of the ____24____ species in the past six years. “I know this group of finless porpoises very ____25____. They are just like my children,” he says. Yangtze finless porpoises are so connected to the Yangtze River that any change in the health of it can support or threaten their ____26____. “I first ____27____ a finless porpoise as a teenager when there were far fewer boats on the River. I would ____28____ see them pursuing boats as they made their way down the river,” Yang says, adding that as human activity increased, they became rare. Over the past few decades, however, significant measures have been ____29____ to change the fate (命运) of this species. In 2017, Yang was fortunate enough to spot a finless porpoise after a long ____30____. Over the last five years alone, the population of Yangtze finless porpoises has increased to 1,249, marking a ____31____ of 23.4 percent. Today, groups of these creatures can once again be ____32____ leaping above the water’s surface. “I will continue to take more beautiful photos of them as long as I am able to ____33____ a camera and keep a(n) ____34____ on them,” Yang says, adding that he will make it his life’s mission to ____35____ these remarkable creatures. 21. A. banker  B. fisherman  C. photographer  D. journalist 22. A. reflect  B. capture  C. inquire  D. justify 23. A. admirer  B. specialist  C. keeper  D. subscriber 24. A. motivated  B. endangered  C. occupied  D. caged 25. A. further  B. slightly  C. little  D. well 26. A. comprehension  B. weight  C. survival  D. vision 27. A. pictured  B. trained  C. reserved  D. encountered 28. A. frequently  B. rarely  C. occasionally  D. never 29. A. called off  B. carried out  C. put aside  D. got across 30. A. reference  B. journey  C. gap  D. interaction 31. A. decline  B. tendency  C. share  D. rise 32. A. justified  B. expected  C. observed  D. dominated 33. A. hold  B. abandon  C. deserve  D. polish 34. A. pace  B. ear  C. secret  D. eye 35. A. advocate  B. document  C. transform  D. donate 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述老年摄影师杨河常年蹲守长江拍摄江豚，见证并记录江豚种群逐步恢复的故事。 【21题详解】 考查名词。 句意：每天凌晨4点半，64岁的摄影师杨河都会在凌晨醒来，开车前往湖北宜昌的长江岸边。A. banker银行家；B. fisherman渔民；C. photographer摄影师；D. journalist记者。根据后文“Yang has taken more than 100,000 vivid photos”可知，他照了如此多照片，是摄影师。 【22题详解】 考查动词。 句意：到达后，他耐心等待江豚出水，希望捕捉它们的美。A. reflect反映；B. capture捕捉（拍摄）；C. inquire询问；D. justify证明合理。根据前文“he patiently waits there for finless porpoises (江豚) to come out from the water, hoping to”和后文“their beauty”可知，摄影师目的是“捕捉”美景。 【23题详解】 考查名词。 句意：作为江豚的忠实爱好者，杨在过去六年拍了逾10万张生动照片。A. admirer爱好者、仰慕者；B. specialist专家；C. keeper饲养员；D. subscriber订阅者。根据后文“They are just like my children”他把江豚比作孩子，能看出他十分喜爱江豚。 【24题详解】 考查形容词。 句意：作为江豚的忠实爱好者，杨在过去六年拍了逾10万张生动照片。A. motivated有动力的；B. endangered濒危的；C. occupied被占据的；D. caged关在笼中的。根据后文“they became rare”可知，江豚是濒危物种。 【25题详解】 考查副词。 句意：我非常了解这群江豚。A. further更远；B. slightly轻微地；C. little少；D. well好（程度深）。根据前文“Every morning at 4:30 a.m., Yang He, a 64-year-old ______, wakes up in the small hours and drives to the banks of the Yangtze River in Yichang, Hubei province. Upon arrival, he patiently waits there for finless porpoises (江豚) to come out from the water”、“I know this group of finless porpoises very”和后文“They are just like my children”可知，杨河常年蹲守拍摄同一群江豚，和它们相处多年，对江豚的习性和状态十分熟悉。 【26题详解】 考查名词。 句意：长江江豚与长江紧密相连，长江健康状况的任何变化都会支持或威胁它们的生存。A. comprehension理解；B. weight重量；C. survival生存；D. vision视力。根据前文“Yangtze finless porpoises are so connected to the Yangtze River that any change in the health of it can support or threaten their ”可知，环境变化影响长江江豚的“生存”。 【27题详解】 考查动词。 句意：我十几岁时第一次遇到一只江豚，那时江上船只少得多。A. pictured想象；B. trained训练；C. reserved预定；D. encountered遇见。根据后文“a finless porpoise as a teenager when there were far fewer boats on the River”可知，这里是杨河回忆少年时期第一次在长江上撞见江豚的经历，是早年的初次相遇。 【28题详解】 考查副词。 句意：我常会看到它们追逐顺流而下的船只。A. frequently频繁地；B. rarely很少；C. occasionally偶尔；D. never从不。根据前文“when there were far fewer boats on the River”和后文“see them pursuing boats as they made their way down the river”可知，船只少时江豚多，所以“经常”看到。 【29题详解】 考查动词短语。 句意：过去几十年里，已采取重大措施来改变该物种的命运。A. called off取消；B. carried out实施；C. put aside搁置；D. got across传达。根据前文“significant measures have been”和后文“to change the fate (命运) of this species”可知，想要改变该物种的命运，措施被“实施”。 【30题详解】 考查名词。 句意：2017年，在漫长的间隔期之后，杨河终于幸运地再次见到了一头江豚。A. reference参考；B. journey旅程；C. gap间隔；D. interaction互动。根据前文“Yang says, adding that as human activity increased, they became rare”和“In 2017, Yang was fortunate enough to spot a finless porpoise after a long”可知，此前江豚数量锐减，他很久没能见到江豚，在一段漫长的空白期后才再次偶遇。 【31题详解】 考查名词。 句意：数量增至1249头，标志着增长23.4%。A. decline下降；B. tendency趋势；C. share份额；D. rise上升。根据前文“Over the last five years alone, the population of Yangtze finless porpoises has increased to 1,249, marking a”和后文“of 23.4 percent”可知，种群数量从低谷逐步回升，数量增加是“上升”。 【32题详解】 考查动词。 句意：如今，又能观察到成群江豚跃出水面。A. justified证明合理；B. expected期待；C. observed观察到；D. dominated支配。根据后文“leaping above the water’s surface”可知，人们能亲眼看到江豚跃出水面的场景。 【33题详解】 考查动词。 句意：只要我还能举得动相机，能一直关注着它们，我就会继续拍下更多江豚的美照。A. hold握住；B. abandon放弃；C. deserve值得；D. polish擦亮。根据前文“I will continue to take more beautiful photos of them as long as I am able to”和后文“a camera”可知，拍摄照片的前提是能稳稳握住、操作相机，这里表达他只要身体条件允许就不会停下拍摄。hold a camera“拿着相机”。 【34题详解】 考查名词。 句意：杨河说：“只要我还能拿起相机、持续关注它们，我就会继续拍下更多它们美丽的照片。”他还补充道，他会把记录这些非凡生灵当作自己毕生的使命。A. pace步伐；B. ear耳朵；C. secret秘密；D. eye目光。根据前文“keep a(n)”和后文“on them”可知，他常年蹲守观察江豚的状态，说明他一直关注着它们，固定搭配keep an eye on表示“密切留意、持续关注”。 【35题详解】 考查动词。 句意：杨河说：“只要我还能拿起相机、持续关注它们，我就会继续拍下更多它们美丽的照片。”他还补充道，他会把记录这些非凡生灵当作自己毕生的使命。A. advocate提倡；B. document记录（用照片文献化记录）；C. transform转变；D. donate捐赠。根据后文“these remarkable creatures”可知，作为摄影师，杨河用影像为这个物种留下真实的影像记录。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Paper-making is widely known as one of the Four Great Inventions of ancient Chinese civilization along with printing, gunpowder, and compass. Among ____36____ (vary) types of paper, Xuan paper, also known as rice paper, is not only a necessary part of Chinese culture but also a witness ____37____ Chinese history for thousands of years. Since its origin, Xuan paper ____38____ (link) closely with calligraphy and painting. As ____39____ essential carrier of Chinese culture, it has the title “King of All Paper”. Li Keran (1907-1989), one of the most well-known contemporary Chinese ____40____ (paint) once toured Xuancheng City, ____41____ Xuan paper is named after, and said, “We leave nothing without you.”, seeing craftsmen slaving away at producing the paper. According to the NLC, there are nearly 30 million ancient paper books ____42____ (store) in the library, and most of them are made by Xuan paper. So why did Xuan paper become such a hit with literati (文人) and artists? ____43____ (feature) a smooth surface, pure texture and high tensile (张力的) strength, it can ____44____ (preserve) for a long time. The texture and quality of it will not change for more than a millennium (一千年), and if kept well, Xuan paper’s longevity can reach more than 2,000 years while the ink on it remains fresh _____45_____ bright. The paper, therefore, is entitled “Paper of the Ages”. 【答案】36. various 37. to 38. has been linked 39. an 40. painters 41. which 42. stored 43. Featuring 44. be preserved 45. and 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国文房瑰宝宣纸的地位、文化关联、得名由来以及它广受文人艺术家喜爱的特性，展现了宣纸作为中国文化重要载体的独特价值。 【36题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在各种各样的纸张中，宣纸也被叫做米纸，不仅是中国文化的必要组成部分，也是数千年中国历史的见证者。此处需要一个形容词修饰名词types，动词vary的形容词形式various表示“各种各样的”，符合句意。 【37题详解】 考查介词。句意：在各种各样的纸张中，宣纸也被叫做米纸，不仅是中国文化的必要组成部分，也是数千年中国历史的见证者。固定搭配a witness to…… 的见证者，符合语境。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态语态及主谓一致。句意：自诞生以来，宣纸就与书法和绘画紧密相连。动词link在句中作谓语，时间状语Since its origin是现在完成时的标志，且Xuan paper和link之间是被动关系，要用现在完成时的被动语态；主语是单数，助动词用单数形式has。 【39题详解】 考查冠词。句意：作为中国文化的重要载体，它有着“纸中之王”的称号。空后名词carrier 是一个可数名词，需要冠词作限定词，此处表示泛指“一个……的载体”，应填不定冠词，essential是以元音音素开头的单词，要用不定冠词an。 【40题详解】 考查名词单复数。句意：中国当代最知名的画家之一李可染（1907-1989）曾到访宣纸的命名地宣城，他看着工匠们辛苦造纸，说道：“没有你们，我们什么都创作不出来。” one of后面加可数名词复数，表示“……之一”；此处李可染是一名画家，动词paint的名词形式painter意为“画家”，符合句意。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句关系词。句意：同上。该空需要一个关系词引导非限制性定语从句修饰名词Xuancheng City，并指代先行词在从句中作after的宾语，先行词为事物，应填which。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：根据国家图书馆的信息，馆内收藏了近3000万册古籍，其中大部分都是用宣纸制作的。动词store在句中作后置定语，与所修饰的名词books之间是被动关系，应使用过去分词形式。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它表面顺滑、质地纯净、张力强度高，可以被保存很长时间。此处feature为动词，在句中作状语，与逻辑主语it之间是主动关系，应使用现在分词形式；句首字母大写。 【44题详解】 考查情态动词的被动语态。句意：同上。动词preserve意为“保存”，在句中作谓语，主语it指代Xuan paper和preserve之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态be preserved；情态动词can后助动词be使用原形。 【45题详解】 考查连词。句意：它的质地与品质历经千年以上都不会改变，而且如果保存得当，宣纸的寿命可以超过2000年，纸上的墨迹仍然鲜亮。fresh和bright是并列的形容词作表语，应填并列连词and。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节：（满分15分） 46. 假定你是高中生李华，你班计划举办一场英语演讲比赛。外教Jenny提供了“The Beauty of Art”和“The Charm of Sports”两个话题，征求大家的意见。请给她写一封邮件，内容包括： 1．说明你支持的话题； 2．阐述理由。 注意： 1．写作词数应为80个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Jenny, __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】One possible version 1: Dear Jenny, I’m writing to share my opinion on the two speech topics for our class English speech contest. From my perspective, “The Beauty of Art” is a more favorable one. As is known to all, art plays a vital role in our life. It helps us discover the beauty around us, develop good taste and enrich our spiritual world. Besides, talking about art allows us to share our experiences in painting, music or calligraphy, making our speeches more vivid and meaningful. I believe this topic can help all students feel the power of art. Hopefully, my suggestion will be taken into consideration. Yours, Li Hua One possible version 2: Dear Jenny, I’m writing to express my idea about the speech contest topics provided by you. I prefer “The Charm of Sports” to “The Beauty of Art”. Firstly, sports are closely related to our daily life and have great charm. It not only keeps our bodies healthy and strong but also helps us build confidence, develop teamwork spirit and relieve pressure from study. Additionally, every student has their own sports experiences, such as playing basketball, running or swimming, which can make our speeches more real and touching. This topic can also encourage us to keep doing sports. I think this topic will be popular among all our classmates. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以李华的身份给外教Jenny写一封电子邮件，就英语演讲比赛话题“The Beauty of Art”和“The Charm of Sports”发表选择意见并说明理由。 【详解】1.词汇积累（以范文1为例） 重要的：vital → important 培养：develop → cultivate 丰富：enrich → broaden 生动的：vivid → lively 考虑：take into consideration → take into account 2.句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：As is known to all, art plays a vital role in our life. 拓展句：It is well known that art is very important in our daily life. 【点睛】【高分句型1】As is known to all, art plays a vital role in our life. (运用as引导非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型2】Besides, talking about art allows us to share our experiences in painting, music or calligraphy, making our speeches more vivid and meaningful. (运用现在分词making作结果状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 On a cold, damp evening in mid-November, a sharp wind cut through the streets, but Jack paid little attention to the chill. As a delivery rider, he had just finished a few smooth orders, his hands warm from the hot milk tea cups he’d been carrying, and his spirits fairly good. Stepping out of a milk tea shop, he found the spot where his second-hand electric bike had been parked now empty. In an instant, his heart sank, and a wave of hopelessness swept over him, turning his calm evening into a nightmare. That bike was far more than just a vehicle; it was his lifeline, the only way for him to earn daily income and cover his living expenses. Panic set in as he remembered the undelivered orders — especially a cup of hot milk tea for Ms. White, a regular customer. His hand trembled as he pressed the voice button, his words laced with sorrow and anxiety as he apologized repeatedly, offering to pay for the undelivered drink. To his great surprise, Ms. White did not respond with anger or complaint, but with gentle kindness. Ms. White told him not to worry and to take his time finding his bike. Her understanding words calmed him, but also deepened his sense of responsibility. “She is so kind. I cannot let her down,” he thought. For nearly two hours, he searched every nearby street, but there was no sign of his bike. As night grew darker and the wind bit harder, Jack clenched his fists and made a firm decision. He took out his poor savings, bought a bag of fresh apples and a new cup of hot milk tea, then set off on foot to Ms. White’s apartment, several kilometers away. The wind bit into his thin jacket, and his old shoes grew heavy with mud, but the thought of keeping his promise and maintaining his integrity kept him moving forward through the dimly lit urban landscape. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Finally, breathless, Jack reached Ms. White’s doorstep and rang the bell. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Deeply moved by Jack’s action, Ms. White decided to share the story online that night. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Finally, breathless, Jack reached Ms. White’s doorstep and rang the bell. The door opened, revealing a woman whose expression shifted from curiosity to surprise and then to heartfelt sympathy as she saw the exhausted man before her. His clothes were dusty, but the gifts in his hands were held with care. “Ms. White, these are for you,” he grinned, offering the apples and milk tea. “Wishing you happiness and good health. I am truly sorry about the delay.” Tears welled up in Ms. White’s eyes. “Oh, Jack! You shouldn’t have walked such a long way just for this!” she said, her voice soft with emotion for his unshakable honesty, even amid his own misfortune! Deeply moved by Jack’s action, Ms. White decided to share the story online that night. She posted a video describing what happened, writing, “Even when caught in his own storm, he still reached out to warm others.” The post quickly went viral, receiving millions of likes and shares. Strangers were touched by the ordinary man’s extraordinary act. The wave of kindness soon reached his delivery company. They promptly responded, providing Jack with a brand-new e-bike and a cash reward to support his honest work. Even more wonderfully, with the help of numerous alert eyes online, his original bike was located and returned. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述外卖骑手Jack在11月的一个寒冷夜晚，赖以谋生的二手电动车被盗，陷入绝望；但他仍牢记未完成的订单，心怀愧疚；在得到顾客White女士谅解后，他步行数公里，自费送上苹果与热奶茶赔礼道歉，用行动坚守诚信与责任的暖心故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容 “终于，Jack气喘吁吁地赶到了White女士家门口，按响了门铃。” 可知，第一段可描写Jack见到 White女士后的场景，包括他疲惫的状态、送上礼物与真诚道歉，以及White女士的惊讶与感动。 ②由第二段首句内容 “White女士被Jack的举动深深打动，决定当晚在网上分享这个故事。” 可知，第二段可描写故事发布到网上后引发的热烈反响，以及Jack最终获得公司帮助、丢失的电动车被找回的圆满结局。 2.续写线索：电动车被盗→心怀愧疚致歉→顾客谅解→步行送赔礼→顾客深受感动→网络分享走红→获得公司奖励与帮助→丢失车辆找回 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①展示：reveal/show/display ②走红：go viral/spread widely/become popular ③定位，找到：locate/find/discover/track down 情绪类 ①由衷的同情：heartfelt sympathy/sincere concern/genuine pity ②疲惫不堪的：exhausted/tired out/worn-out/fatigued 【点睛】[高分句型1] The door opened, revealing a woman whose expression shifted from curiosity to surprise and then to heartfelt sympathy as she saw the exhausted man before her. (运用了现在分词revealing作状语，whose引导的定语从句和as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Even when caught in his own storm, he still reached out to warm others.(运用了when引导的时间状语从句的省略) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $