Unit 3 阅读表达（热点题型专练）英语新教材人教版九年级下册

Unit 3 A Taste of Art 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与社会——历史的发展） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 【答案】1．The history and appearance ofmamianqun. 2．Red. 3．Wealth and honor. Passage 2 【答案】1．When they ask a question./When they talk about the bad weather./When they are late for a date. 2．To show their politeness. 3．Sorry, I’m late! 4．The benefits of saying “sorry”. 5．A way to be polite. Passage 3 【答案】1．The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working. 2．Beating anything in the way. 3．When someone / he /she gets a great achievement through hard work. 4．Bullheaded. / A bullheaded person. 5．Yes, they should. Passage 4 【答案】1．After people move into a new house. 2．Their family and friends. 3．Mom buys lovely bath towels. 4．They are so easy to use. 5．With no little kids around. Passage 5 【答案】1．Big sweaters. 2．No, they don’t. 3．Because their sleeves (袖子) are very long. 4．Some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”. 5．Yellow or red. Passage 6 【答案】1．Korea. 2．By sending yellow roses./We can give yellow roses. 3．Pork, things made from pigskin, or alcohol. 4．Because they are a symbol of love. 5．Gift giving in different ways./Gift giving is different in different countries. (言之有理即可) Passage 7 【答案】1．In a certain way. 2．At the top (of the map). 3．Because of their location. 4．Directions and social status. 5．Women. Passage 8 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．They often use hot water to boil tea leaves. 3．The tea ceremony. /They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. 4．They usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. 5．Iced tea. Passage 9 【答案】1．Chinese traditional painting and dance. 2．Blue-green. 3．A mountain rock. 4．Yes, they do. 5．It is amazing and brings the painting to life. Passage 10 【答案】1．During the Qing Dynasty. / Most of people think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty. 2．Dankou (solo acts). / Dankou was the earliest form ofxiangsheng. 3．Three. / There are three kinds of xiangsheng introduced in paragraph 4. 5．Shuo, xue, dou, and chang. 6．Yes, I do. Because it is funny and can make me relax, and it also carries traditional culture. / No, I don’t. Because I prefer other performing arts like music or dance. /... (开放性试题，言之有理即可。) 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 【答案】1．They like to complain afterward instead of in the moment. 2．Four. 3．Because talking to strangers without a facilitator makes them uncomfortable. 4．In a British household, using "quite" to describe a meal means that the meal was passable but could have been better, and it detracts from the overall praise. 5．They feel very irritating. Passage 2 【答案】1．On April 8th. 2．No (, it can’t). 3．Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse. 4．Because they are gentle and virtuous, like unicorns. 5．Western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world. Passage 3 【答案】1．15 dollars. 2．The weather. 3．Spain. 4．Don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it. 5．No. Passage 4 【答案】1．On lunar September 9th 2．Four/4 3．Knowledge and experience 4．By giving a great smile and a warm hug Passage 5 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．To show their politeness. 3．Sorry, I’m late. 4．The benefits of saying “sorry”. 5．A way to be polite. Passage 6 【答案】1．an important part of traditional culture. 2．harmony and reunion. 3．four hours. 4．to fit all the audiences’ tastes. 5．The Spring Festival Gala. Passage 7 【答案】1．In his uncle’s home. 2．It was sunny most days. 3．Hawaii 4．They were friendly. 5．Because it rained every day. Passage 8 【答案】1．On the second Sunday in May. 2．Flowers or cards. 3．Miss Anna M. Jarvis. 4．To decide a day for all mothers. 5．Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. Passage 9 【答案】1．A clay cup. 2．Chrysanthemum tea. 3．In the colder northeastern provinces in China. 4．Different ways of serving tea in China. 5．I feel very proud of the tea culture in our country. Passage 10 【答案】1．Relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment. 2．They are made of bamboo. 3．The northern Gaiwan is larger than Gongfu Gaiwan. 4．The tea service master. 5．The passage is mainly about the colorful tea culture of Sichuan. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 A Taste of Art 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与社会——历史的发展） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun (the horse-faced skirt), first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of the skirt are pleated (有褶的), and there is a smooth part in the middle, commonly known as “mamian”. Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to the Han custom, women usually wore red skirts during festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow. Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns (图案) with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman. And the peony (牡丹) is a symbol of wealth and honor. Recently, mamianqun has become popular with hanfu fans. More and more modern fashion designers get ideas from mamianqun. For example, some get ideas from the patterns. Some mix the styles of mamianqun with T-shirts, which are more suitable for everyday wear. Even Western fashion has been influenced by mamianqun. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? (不超过10个词) 2．What color of clothes did women usually wear during festivals in the Han Dynasty? (不超过5个词) 3．What does the peony on mamianqun mean? (不超过5个词) 【答案】1．The history and appearance ofmamianqun. 2．Red. 3．Wealth and honor. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍中国传统服饰马面裙的历史起源、外观特点、颜色寓意、图案含义，以及其在当下受汉服爱好者欢迎、影响现代与西方时尚的情况。 【详解】1．根据第一段“first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty”介绍历史，“The two sides of the skirt are pleated ... commonly known as ‘mamian’”介绍外观可知，该段主要讲马面裙的历史和外观。故填The history and appearance of mamianqun. 1．根据文中“According to the Han custom, women usually wore red skirts during festivals.”可知，汉代女性节日期间通常穿红色衣服。故填Red. 2．根据文中“And the peony (牡丹) is a symbol of wealth and honor.”可知，马面裙上的牡丹象征财富与荣誉。故填Wealth and honor. Passage 2 British people are famous for saying sorry in almost every situation. They say sorry for asking a question or for the bad weather. British people pride（为……而骄傲）themselves on their polite manners（礼貌）. As a result, they use the word “sorry" quite a lot— even when they don’t really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying, “Sorry to bother（打扰）you. Do you know what time it is?” If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!” That they say sorry does not only mean they feel sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck. In the dictionary, “sorry” also means feeling regret（后悔）because they have done something wrong. And now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with “Sorry to bother you.” In this situation, they aren’t saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret. In the British culture, saying sorry is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don’t know very well. Besides, it also can bring them other benefits（好处）in their daily life. In a recent experiment, an actor asked different strangers on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones to make a call. When he asked one group of strangers and asked them without saying sorry first, he was only 9% successful. However, when he said sorry to another group about the bad weather before saying his request, he was 47% successful. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 1．In which situation do British people say sorry to others?（List one situation） 2．Why do British people often use the word “sorry” quite a lot? 3．What do British people say if they are five minutes late for a date? 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? 5．What does “sorry” mean to British people? 【答案】1．When they ask a question./When they talk about the bad weather./When they are late for a date. 2．To show their politeness. 3．Sorry, I’m late! 4．The benefits of saying “sorry”. 5．A way to be polite. 【导语】本文讲述了“sorry”这种礼貌用语在英国的普遍性，并分析了它在不同场合所代表的不同意义。 【详解】4．根据“They say sorry for asking a question or for the bad weather.”以及“If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!”可知，英国人经常在他们问问题、谈论坏天气以及迟到的时候说“sorry”。故填When they ask a question./When they talk about the bad weather./When they are late for a date. 1．根据“British people pride themselves on their polite manners. As a result, they use the word “sorry” quite a lot—even when they don’t really mean it!”可知他们经常使用这个词是为了表示礼貌。故填To show their politeness. 2．根据“If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!””可知，如果他们约会迟到了五分钟，他们通常会说：“对不起，我迟到了！”故填Sorry, I’m late! 3．根据“Besides, it also can bring them other benefits in their daily life.”及此段的描述可知，此段主要介绍了“sorry”的好处。故填The benefits of saying “sorry”. 4．根据“In the British culture, saying sorry is a way to be polite”可知，“sorry”对他们来说是礼貌的一种方式。故填A way to be polite. Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，回答问题。 According to the Chinese lunar calendar, 2021 is the Year of the Ox. Many Chinese people believe it will be a good year. It makes them think of a strong body, good luck and a better life. The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working in Chinese culture. The phrase “the spirit of ox” means beating anything in the way. The word “laohuangniu” means those who help others and ask nothing for themselves. Just as Chinese writer Lu Xun once wrote, “Cows eat grass, but give milk.” When someone gets a great achievement (成就) through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “wonderful”, to describe him or her. In the west, people have a different opinion about this animal. “Bullheaded” people are very stubborn (固执的) and will not listen to advice. If you search on the Internet for the word “bull” (公牛), you’ll also find other interesting English expressions. For example, if someone behaves (表现) “like a bull in a china shop”, he or she behaves in a clumsy (笨拙的) way when they should be more careful. In the year of the Ox, we hope that all of our students will work just as hard as the ox does. Keep away from anything that might make you as angry as “a red flag to a bull”. We hope you can always “take the bull by the horns (不畏艰险)” when you have to face a difficult situation. 1．What do people think of the ox in Chinese culture? 2．What’s the spirit of ox? 3．When can a person be described as “niu” in China? 4．Daniel is very stubborn and never accepts advice from others, what can people call him? 5．Should students work hard as the ox does? 【答案】1．The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working. 2．Beating anything in the way. 3．When someone / he /she gets a great achievement through hard work. 4．Bullheaded. / A bullheaded person. 5．Yes, they should. 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了“牛”在中西方文化中所代表的不同含义。 【详解】9．根据“The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working in Chinese culture.”可知，在中国的文化中，“牛”代表勤恳。故答案为：The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working. 1．根据“The phrase “the spirit of ox” means beating anything in the way.”可知，“the spirit of ox”意味着打败任何挡道的东西。故答案为：Beating anything in the way. 2．根据“When someone gets a great achievement (成就) through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “wonderful”, to describe him or her.”可知，当某个人通过努力获得成就，中国人就会称这个人很“牛”。故答案为：When someone / he / she gets a great achievement through hard work. 3．根据““Bullheaded” people are very stubborn (固执的) and will not listen to advice.”可知，固执的人被称为“Bullheaded”。故答案为：Bullheaded. / A bullheaded person. 4．根据“In the year of the Ox, we hope that all of our students will work just as hard as the ox does.”可知，学生应该像“牛”一样勤奋学习。故答案为：Yes, they should. Passage 4 请阅读四位中学生写下的关于2020年新年愿望的博文，根据所提供的信息用完整的句子回答后面的问题，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。 Do you know what a house-warming party is? After people move into a new house, they often have a party to show their family and friends the new home. Their family and friends usually bring a lot of presents to the party. These presents are usually for the new house. They can be big things like a lamp, a fan or a chair. They can be small things as well like a house plant, they are quite good presents.    What do my parents usually like to buy for a house-warming party? They buy small things that everyone needs: bath towels. One can never have enough baths, is that right? For young people, Mom buys lovely towels that children can wear. They are so easy to use that kids love them. For old people, Mom buys white ones. With no little kids around, these people can keep white towels clean for a long time.     What do you usually buy for a house-warming party? Maybe your presents are more than a big surprise. 1．When do people often have a house-warming party? 2．Who usually brings a lot of presents to the party? 3．What does the writer’s mom buy for young people? 4．How are the presents for people with children? 5．Why can old people keep white towels clean? 【答案】1．After people move into a new house. 2．Their family and friends. 3．Mom buys lovely bath towels. 4．They are so easy to use. 5．With no little kids around. 【分析】文章讲的是暖房派对，人们搬进新房子后通常会举办派对，向家人和朋友展示新家。作者讲了通常为暖房子的聚会买什么礼物。 【详解】14．根据“After people move into a new house, they often have a party to show their family and friends the new home.”可知，当人们搬进新家后，他们经常会举办一个聚会向家人和朋友展示他们的新家。故填After people move into a new house. 1．根据“Their family and friends usually bring a lot of presents to the party.”可知，他们的家人和朋友通常带很多礼物来聚会。故填Their family and friends. 2．根据“They buy small things that everyone needs: bath towels...For young people, Mom buys lovely towels that children can wear.”可知，对于年轻人，妈妈会买可爱的浴巾。故填Mom buys lovely bath towels. 3．根据“They are so easy to use that kids love them.”可知，他们用起来很容易，故填They are so easy to use. 4．根据“With no little kids around, these people can keep white towels clean for a long time.”可知，没有小孩在身边，这些人可以长时间保持白毛巾干净。 故填With no little kids around. Passage 5 In China, some students are anti-fashion (反时尚). They don’t like their parents’ clothes. They are not like their parents. In summer they wear big sweaters. They are outside around their trousers or shorts. They seldom wear socks or stockings. In winter they wear coats with the collar (衣领) standing. Their sleeves (袖子) are very long. So you can’t see their hands. Sometimes you may think they are handicapped (残疾的). On their clothes you can often see some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”. But sometimes you may find some words are wrong. Many students do not know what those words mean. That shows they are not good at English. Some students’ hair is yellow or red. They think they are handsome or beautiful. They like to wear colourful trainers. Is that really cool? 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词 1．If the students are anti-fashion, what do they usually wear in summer? 2．Do they usually wear socks or stockings? 3．Why can’t we see their hands in winter? 4．What can we often see on their clothes? 5．What colour is some students’ hair? 【答案】1．Big sweaters. 2．No, they don’t. 3．Because their sleeves (袖子) are very long. 4．Some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”. 5．Yellow or red. 【分析】本文介绍了一些反时尚的中国学生的穿衣风格。 1．根据“In summer they wear big sweaters.”可知，夏天他们穿大毛衣。故填Big sweaters. 2．根据“They seldom wear socks or stockings.”可知，他们很少穿袜子或长袜。故填No, they don’t. 3．根据“Their sleeves (袖子) are very long. So you can’t see their hands.”可知，他们的袖子很长。所以你看不到他们的手。故填Because their sleeves (袖子) are very long. 4．根据“On their clothes you can often see some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”.”可知，在他们的衣服上，你经常可以看到一些英语单词，如“时尚”、“仙女狐”、“不可能”。故填Some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”. 5．根据“Some students’ hair is yellow or red.”可知，有些学生的头发是黄色或红色的。故填Yellow or red. Passage 6 Gift giving is different from culture to culture and person to person. When giving gifts, sometimes color is important. For example, for many Chinese people around the world, red is a lucky color, and people often like to wrap (包装) gifts in this color. However, do you know that in Korea, red is a color of death? That is why you should not wrap your gifts in this color if you are giving a gift to a Korean person. What about western countries? In western countries, the color of wrapping paper is not really important. But color does matter when giving flowers, especially roses. You should not give red roses to a western person you don’t know very well because they are a symbol of love. You could give yellow roses instead as these are a symbol of friendship. You could also send pink roses as gifts to say thank you. What other things should you remember when giving gifts to someone from a different culture? Well, one thing you should keep in mind is the person’s religion (宗教). When choosing a gift for a Muslim (穆斯林) or Jewish friend, you should never get food including pork, or things made from pigskin. Another thing that you should not get for a Muslim person is alcohol (酒). Answer the following questions with no more than 7 words. 1．In which country do people think red is the color of death? 2．How can we show our friendship to the western friends? 3．What gift doesn’t a Muslin friend like? 4．Why should not we give red roses to a common western friend? 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? 【答案】1．Korea. 2．By sending yellow roses./We can give yellow roses. 3．Pork, things made from pigskin, or alcohol. 4．Because they are a symbol of love. 5．Gift giving in different ways./Gift giving is different in different countries. (言之有理即可) 【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章介绍了不同的文化和人与人之间送礼物的区别及方法。 【详解】24．根据“However, do you know that in Korea, red is a color of death?”可知，在韩国，人们认为红色是死亡的象征。故填Korea. 1．根据“You could give yellow roses instead as these are a symbol of friendship.”可知，黄玫瑰在西方国家是友谊的象征；故我们可以送黄玫瑰给西方朋友。故填By sending yellow roses./We can give yellow roses. 2．根据“When choosing a gift for a Muslim or Jewish friend, you should never get food including pork, or things made from pigskin. Another thing that you should not get for a Muslim person is alcohol.”可知，穆斯林人不喜欢猪肉、猪皮制品以及酒。故填Pork, things made from pigskin, or alcohol. 3．根据“You should not give red roses to a western person you don’t know very well because they are a symbol of love.”可知，在西方国家，红玫瑰是爱情的象征，所以不能将其送给普通朋友。故填Because they are a symbol of love. 4．根据“Gift giving is different from culture to culture and person to person.”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了不同文化、国家中送礼的区别及方式。故填Gift giving in different ways./ Gift giving is different in different countries. (言之有理即可) Passage 7 请根据短文内容，回答下面问题，每题不超过6个词。 Why do we use “shang cesuo” to mean “go to the bathroom” and “xia chufang” to mean “go to the kitchen”? In ancient times, houses were laid out (安排) in a certain way. The door of the home would face south, with the bathroom located (位于) in the northeastern part of the house and the kitchen located in the southeastern part. On maps, north is usually at the top of the map, while south is at the bottom. In Chinese, we say “上北下南” to refer to the north as shang (upper) and the south as xia (lower). So people would say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen because of their location. Ancient Chinese not only used shang and xia to refer to directions, but also social status (地位). Shang was seen to be noble (尊贵的), while xia stood for humility (谦卑). For example, people used huangshang (皇上) to refer to the emperor and dianxia (殿下) to refer to princes who had lower status than the emperor. What does this have to do with the bathroom and kitchen? In the past, men were seen as the “noble” workers of the family, while women were “humble (卑微的)” homemakers. Since women worked in the kitchen, the “humble” character xia was used to refer to the room. But those associations (关联) in meaning have been lost over time. 1．How were houses laid out in ancient times? 2．Where is “north” on maps?   3．Why would people say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen? 4．What did ancient Chinese use “shang” and “xia” refer to?   5．Who was seen as the humble homemakers in the past? 【答案】1．In a certain way. 2．At the top (of the map). 3．Because of their location. 4．Directions and social status. 5．Women. 【分析】我们为什么是“上厕所、下厨房”？文章给出了一些解释，并就古代“上”“下”所代表的意义做出了阐述。 【详解】29．根据“In ancient times, houses were laid out (安排) in a certain way.”可知在古代，房屋有一定的布局方式，故填In a certain way. 1．根据“On maps, north is usually at the top of the map”可知在地图上，北方通常在地图的顶部，故填At the top (of the map). 2．根据“So people would say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen because of their location.”可知由于他们的位置，人们会说他们要“上”厕所，“下”厨房，故填Because of their location. 3．根据“Ancient Chinese not only used shang and xia to refer to directions, but also social status ”可知古汉语不仅用“上”、“下”来指方向，也用“上”、“下”来指社会地位，故填Directions and social status. 4．根据“In the past, men were seen as the “noble” workers of the family, while women were “humble (卑微的)” homemakers”可知在过去，男性被视为家庭的“贵族”工作者，而女性则是“卑微的”家庭主妇，故填Women. Passage 8 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。 Most people drink tea in the world. But tea does not mean the same thing to different people. In different countries, people have different ideas about drinking tea. In China, for example, tea is often served when people get together. Chinese people drink it at home or in tea houses at any time of the day. They often use hot water to boil tea leaves. Tea is also important in other Asian countries. People in these countries have a special way of serving tea. They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in their houses. In the United States, people usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make tea. This way is faster and easier than the way of making tea in teapots. In summer, most Americans drink iced tea. They like to put some ice in their tea. 1．Do most people drink tea in the world? 2．What do Chinese people often use to boil tea leaves? 3．What does the underlined word “It” mean? 4．When do people usually drink tea in the USA? 5．What kind of tea do most Americans drink in summer? 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．They often use hot water to boil tea leaves. 3．The tea ceremony. /They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. 4．They usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. 5．Iced tea. 【分析】这篇说明文介绍了在中国、亚洲国家和美国，人们不同的喝茶习俗。 1．根据第一段“Most people drink tea in the world.”可知，世界上大多数人都喝茶，所以这个问题的答案是肯定的。故填Yes, they do. 2．根据第二段“They often use hot water to boil tea leaves.”可知，中国人用热水煮茶叶，故填They often use hot water to boil tea leaves. 3．根据第三段“They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come.”可知，他们在房子里举行茶道，这很古老而有意义。因此it指代的是前一句中的茶道tea ceremony或者举行茶道这件事，故填The tea ceremony. /They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. 4．根据第四段“In the United States, people usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals.”可知，美国人通常在早餐时或饭后喝茶，故填They usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. 5．根据第四段“In summer, most Americans drink iced tea.”可知，夏天多数美国人喜欢喝冰茶，故填Iced tea. Passage 9 根据短文内容，回答下列各题。 Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other? This year, a dance drama called Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) was shown on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala. It became popular overnight. According to CCTV, this poetic dance got the idea from the 900-year-old Chinese painting A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》). Created by Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng at about 18, the painting is amazing in its sweeping size, rich coloration and expressive details. It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape: “mountains and groupings of endless rise and fall between cloudless sky and rippling water”. The dance shows the Chinese traditional beauty of the painting. The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock. The clothes that they wore were shades of green and blue, which is also poetic show of the mountains and rivers. When the dancers swayed beautifully, the audience seemed to be looking at the moving mountains and rivers. Huge mountains and rivers are coming to life! More than a thousand years later, green mountains and rivers still wow people as they did long ago. In recent years, more and more modern shows highlight Chinese traditional culture and have received warm welcome, especially among young people. They show interest in Chinese culture and are proud of it. 1．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 1? 2．In A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains, what color is the Chinese landscape? 3．What does the dancers’ hairstyle look like? 4．Do young people like modern shows which highlight Chinese traditional culture? 5．According to the text, how do you like this poetic dance? 【答案】1．Chinese traditional painting and dance. 2．Blue-green. 3．A mountain rock. 4．Yes, they do. 5．It is amazing and brings the painting to life. 【导语】本文主要向我们介绍了中国传统的绘画艺术和舞蹈艺术的结合。由春晚的一个节目《只此青绿》展开，介绍了这个节目的寓意。 【详解】39．根据“Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other?”可知，《只此青绿》是中国传统舞蹈和绘画的结合，they指代Chinese traditional painting and dance。故填Chinese traditional painting and dance. 1．根据“It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape...”可知，《千里江山图》里的景观呈青绿色。故填Blue-green. 2．根据“The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock.”可知，舞者的发型设计模仿了山石的形状。故填A mountain rock. 3．根据“In recent years, more and more modern shows highlight Chinese traditional culture and have received warm welcome, especially among young people.”可知，年轻人特别喜欢这类节目。故填Yes, they do. 4．此处应描述对这类舞蹈的看法，开放性试题，言之成理即可。故填It is amazing and brings the painting to life. Passage 10 Crosstalk, or xiangsheng, is one of China’s most popular performing arts. People of all ages love it — kids, grandparents, and everyone in between find it super fun. Even many young students enjoy it after class, laughing along with performers on stage. No one knows exactly when crosstalk started. Some say the Ming Dynasty, but most think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty when cities were full of energy. At first, one person did dankou (solo acts), telling silly stories or jokes. Later, when three or more joined, it was qunkou (group acts). But today, the most common is duikou (two-person acts). In duikou, there’s a “funny leader” (dougen) who makes most jokes, and a “helper” (penggen) who laughs, asks silly questions, or makes the jokes even funnier. They chat about daily life or silly things, making the audience laugh nonstop. Crosstalk has four key skills: shuo (telling stories/jokes), xue (copying sounds — like how cats meow or grandpas cough), dou (making people laugh with silly words/faces), and chang (singing short folk tunes). These are taught by older actors to new students, learning by doing. In recent years, online videos have made crosstalk even more popular. In 2008, China named it a “national intangible heritage” to help keep this funny art alive for more people. So next time you watch, remember: every laugh comes from lots of practice and happy sharing! 1．When do people think crosstalk became an real art form? 2．What was the earliest form of xiangsheng? 3．How many forms of xiangsheng are introduced in paragraph 2? 4．What are the key skills in xiangsheng according to the text? 5．Do you like xiangsheng? Why or why not? 【答案】1．During the Qing Dynasty. / Most of people think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty. 2．Dankou (solo acts). / Dankou was the earliest form ofxiangsheng. 3．Three. / There are three kinds of xiangsheng introduced in paragraph 4. 5．Shuo, xue, dou, and chang. 6．Yes, I do. Because it is funny and can make me relax, and it also carries traditional culture. / No, I don’t. Because I prefer other performing arts like music or dance. /... (开放性试题，言之有理即可。) 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国传统艺术相声的历史起源、表演形式、核心技能及其作为非物质文化遗产的现代传承。 【详解】44．根据第二段“but most think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty”可知，大多数人认为相声在清朝成为真正的艺术形式。故填During the Qing Dynasty. / Most of people think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty. 1．根据第二段“At first, one person did dankou (solo acts), telling silly stories or jokes.”可知，最早的相声形式是“单口相声”，即一人表演。故填Dankou (solo acts). / Dankou was the earliest form of xiangsheng. 2．根据第二段“At first, one person did dankou (solo acts), telling silly stories or jokes. Later, when three or more joined, it was qunkou (group acts). But today, the most common is duikou (two-person acts).”可知，第二段主要介绍了相声有单口、群口和对口，一共三种形式。故填Three. / There are three kinds of xiangsheng introduced in paragraph 2. 3．根据第三段“Crosstalk has four key skills: shuo ..., xue ..., dou ..., and chang ...”可知，相声的四种基本技能是“说、学、逗、唱”。故填Shuo, xue, dou, and chang. 4．本题为开放性题目，须结合个人观点作答。可以从相声的趣味性、文化价值、语言学习等角度说明喜欢或不喜欢的理由。示例Yes, I do. Because it is funny and can make me relax, and it also carries traditional culture. / No, I don’t. Because I prefer other performing arts like music or dance. /... 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 UK vs US manners Britons may like to complain a lot, but they rarely do so in the moment, explains BBC writer Ruth Margolis. They would rather grumble afterward. This is because Britons hate to put someone out and cause a scene. Margolis writes: “For instance, I’m much more comfortable just leaving that lump of raw chicken on my plate [instead of complaining to restaurant staff]. But beware: if this kind of thing happens when you’re dining with an American, they will most likely speak up on your behalf and not understand why you find this humiliating.” In a BBC blog post comparing cultural differences between the UK and the US, Margolis mentions a few other things that Americans like to do that are offensive to Britons. Not making introductions Americans rarely remember to introduce a new friend to their friends at parties. Strangers are supposed to introduce themselves. But Margolis says most Britons dislike this approach because “talking to strangers without a facilitator gives them a stomachache”. ‘Quite’ good Using “quite” to mean “very” happens a lot in the US. But if you are invited to a dinner party in a British household, don’t describe the meal as “quite good” if you want to express high praise. To Britons’ ears, “quite” detracts from the “good”: the meal was passable but could have been better. Money Talk Americans can talk about money subjects for hours without feeling uncomfortable. For Britons, says Margolis: “talking about how much we make is unthinkable - only less so than discussing our feelings”. Over-politeness In the US, it is not unusual to be greeted by a perfect stranger as “honey” or “sweetie”. But Margolis says Britons find put-on friendliness, especially in stores, deeply irritating. “It’s not that I want shop assistants to be actively rude. But neither do I want to expend energy responding to someone who’s been paid to ask: ‘How are you today?’” says Margolis. 1．When do Britons prefer to do if they want to complain something? 2．How many examples does the writer tell us? 3．Why do most Britons dislike the American approach of strangers introducing themselves at parties? 4．What does the use of the word "quite" imply when describing a meal in a British household? 5．What do Britons think of “honey” or “sweetie” in stores? 【答案】1．They like to complain afterward instead of in the moment. 2．Four. 3．Because talking to strangers without a facilitator makes them uncomfortable. 4．In a British household, using "quite" to describe a meal means that the meal was passable but could have been better, and it detracts from the overall praise. 5．They feel very irritating. 【导语】通过四个不同的例子讲述英美人的处事方式的不同。 【详解】49．文章第一段中提到，英国人可能很喜欢抱怨，但他们很少在当下这样做。他们宁愿事后抱怨。故填They like to complain afterward instead of in the moment. 1．文章共有四个小标题，故从四个例子讲述英美人处事方式的不同。故填Four. 2．文章第一个小标题提到，大多数英国人不喜欢这种方式，因为在没有中介的情况下与陌生人交谈会让他们感到不适。故填Because talking to strangers without a facilitator makes them uncomfortable. 3．文章第二个小标题提到，在英国家庭中，用“quite”形容一顿饭意味着这顿饭还算可以，但可能还有改进的空间，而且这会减弱对饭菜的整体赞美。故填In a British household, using "quite" to describe a meal means that the meal was passable but could have been better, and it detracts from the overall praise. 4．文章最后一段提到，英国人觉得假装的友善非常令人恼火，尤其是在商店里。故填They feel very irritating. Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 When Chinese movie lovers watched Fantastic Beasts which came out on April 8th, they would see the phoenix(凤凰) and the qilin. These are the familiar mythological creatures(神奇动物) in their childhood. The qilin is a very rare creature that can hardly be seen in the wizarding(魔法) world, only found in East China. Wizards had long respected this creature for its ability to look into a person’s heart. The qilin is seen as a gentle creature in Chinese culture. Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse. It can tell between good and evil and can even bring luck. In English, the qilin is sometimes called the “Chinese unicorn(独角兽)”. This may be because they are gentle and virtuous(正直的), like unicorns. In the west, this horse-like creature has one horn on its head. It is said that a unicorn’s horn or tears can treat serious injuries. There are other creatures appearing in both Chinese culture and western culture. In Chinese culture, the phoenix is very important. It stands for luck and is the “king of birds”. In the west, it is a symbol of immortality(不朽) and rebirth. Although they look alike, dragons in China and the west are very different beasts. The dragon is a respected creature in China, symbolizing good luck, while western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world. 1．When did the movie Fantastic Beasts come out? 2．Can qilin be found very often in the wizarding world? 3．What does the qilin look like? 4．Why is the qilin sometimes called the “Chinese unicorn” in English? 5．How do people like the dragons in western countries? 【答案】1．On April 8th. 2．No (, it can’t). 3．Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse. 4．Because they are gentle and virtuous, like unicorns. 5．Western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world. 【导语】本文主要介绍了神兽在中西方文化中代表的含义。 【详解】54．根据“When Chinese movie lovers watched Fantastic Beasts which came out on April 8th”可知，是在4月8日上映的，故填On April 8th. 1．根据“The qilin is a very rare creature that can hardly be seen in the wizarding(魔法) world, only found in East China”可知，麒麟是一种非常罕见的生物，在魔法世界很难看到，只有在中国发现，所以此处是否定回答，故填No (, it can’t). 2．根据“Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse”可知，它的头看起来像龙，身体看起来像鹿或马，故填Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse. 3．根据“In English, the qilin is sometimes called the “Chinese unicorn(独角兽)”. This may be because they are gentle and virtuous(正直的), like unicorns”可知，因为它们温柔和善，像独角兽，故填Because they are gentle and virtuous, like unicorns. 4．根据“while western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world”可知，西方的龙总是充满坏的想法，给世界带来危险，故填Western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world. Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should follow their customs. In China, it’s impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table. Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（给小费）. It is usual to tip waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount（数量）. In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s the favorite subject of conversation with the British. In Spain, it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9: 00 p. m. In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek（脸颊）. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it at once. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is friendly in one culture may be impolite in another. 1．How much should you tip the waiter n the US if your meal is 100 dollars? 2．What is the favorite subject of conversation in Britain? 3．In which country do people have dinner almost after 9 p.m.? 4．What are you supposed to do if someone gives you a personal card in Japan? 5．Does body language mean the same in all countries? 【答案】1．15 dollars. 2．The weather. 3．Spain. 4．Don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it. 5．No. 【分析】本文讲述了世界各国的不同风俗习惯。不同的国家有不同的习俗，当你在不同的国家时，你应该遵循他们的习俗。 【详解】59．根据“Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal”可知，服务员希望得到就餐费用的15%的小费，如果餐费是100美元，那么应该给服务员15美元的小费，故填15 dollars. 1．根据“It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s the favorite subject of conversation with the British”可知，“天气”是英国人最喜欢的谈论话题，故填The weather. 2．根据“In Spain…People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9: 00 p. m.”可知，西班牙人几乎都是在晚上9点后吃晚餐，故填Spain. 3．根据“When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it”可知，在日本，如果有人给你一张个人卡，你不要一拿到就把它放进口袋里，故填Don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it. 4．根据“Different countries have different customs”可知，不同的国家有不同的习俗，所以此处是否定回答，故填No. Passage 4 There are many holidays and festivals. Dads have Father’s Day Mums have Mother’s Day. But do our grandparents have a special festival? Yes, they do! The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for older people in China. It started long ago. The festival is on lunar September 9th. On this day, people show love and respect to their grandparents. There are many ways in which Chinese people express their respect. When an older person enters a room, everyone stands. People are introduced from the oldest to the youngest. When we present a book to an older person, two hands are used. Young people always offer their seats to older people on a crowded subway or bus. Respecting older people is a tradition in China. That’s because the Chinese know that older people have knowledge and experience that young people can lean. Chinese people are proud of being old. In Western countries, however, older people seldom think they are old. They are called “seniors” instead of “old people”. They’d rather do everything themselves. Even after retirement (退休) they take up hobbies, part-time jobs and new activities to keep their bodies working well. Westerners respect their older people, too. Usually, seniors don’t have to buy tickets for trains and buses. They are given discounts(打折) in stores and restaurants. But Western seniors don’t often live with their children—they live alone. For holidays, the family usually gather at the grandparents’ home, and a great smile and a warm hug for their parents are enough for grown children to show their respect. (注意：每小题答题词数不超过10个) 1．When is the double ninth Festival? . 2．How many ways in which Chinese people express their respect are mentioned? . 3．What can the young learn from older people? . 4．How do Western grown children show their respect? . 【答案】1．On lunar September 9th 2．Four/4 3．Knowledge and experience 4．By giving a great smile and a warm hug 【分析】本文是说明文，短文主要介绍了重阳节和西方国家不同的尊老方式。 【详解】64．根据第二段“The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for older people in China. It started long ago. The festival is on lunar September 9th”，可知在阴历九月初九，故填On lunar September 9th。 1．根据第三段“When an older person enters a room, everyone stands. People are introduced from the oldest to the youngest. When we present a book to an older person, two hands are used. Young people always offer their seats to older people on a crowded subway or bus”，可知提到了四种尊重老人的方式，故填Four/4。 2．根据第四段“That’s because the Chinese know that older people have knowledge and experience that young people can learn. Chinese people are proud of being old”，可知能够学到可以借鉴的知识和经验，故填Knowledge and experience。 3．根据最后一段“For holidays, the family usually gather at the grandparents’home, and a great smile and a warm hug for their parents are enough for grown children to show their respect”，可知通过给父母一个灿烂的微笑和一个温暖的拥抱就足以表达他们的尊敬。故填By giving a great smile and a warm hug。 Passage 5 British people are famous for saying sorry in almost every situation. They say “Sorry” for asking a question, for their bad weather or because they sneezed( 打喷嚏). British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result, they use the word “sorry” quite a lot—even when they don’t really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying, “Sorry to bother(打扰) you. Do you know what time it is?” If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!” That they say sorry does not only mean they feel sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck. In the dictionary, “sorry” also means feeling regret because they have done something wrong. And now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with “Sorry to bother you.” In this situation, they aren’t saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret. In the British culture, saying sorry, in general, is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don’t know very well. Besides, it also can bring them other benefits in their daily life. In a recent experiment, an actor asked different strangers on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones to make a call. When he asked one group of strangers and asked them without saving sorry first, he was only 9% successful in borrowing their phones. However, when he said sorry to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47% successful. 1．Do British people say sorry for asking a question? _______________________________________________________________ 2．Why do British people often use the word sorry quite a lot? _______________________________________________________________ 3．What do British people say if they are five minutes late for a date? _______________________________________________________________ 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? _______________________________________________________________ 5．What do sorry mean to British people? _______________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Yes, they do. 2．To show their politeness. 3．Sorry, I’m late. 4．The benefits of saying “sorry”. 5．A way to be polite. 【分析】本文分析了“sorry”这种礼貌用于在英国的普遍性，并分析了它在不同场合所代表的不同意义。 【详解】68．根据“They say “Sorry” for asking a question”可知，他们问问题时会说“sorry”，故填Yes, they do. 1．根据“British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result, they use the word “sorry” quite a lot”可知，他们经常使用这个词是为了表示礼貌，故填To show their politeness. 2．根据“If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!””可知，如果他们约会迟到了五分钟，他们通常会这样说:“对不起，我迟到了!”故填Sorry, I’m late. 3．根据“Besides, it also can bring them other benefits in their daily life”及此段的描述，可知，此段主要介绍了说“sorry”的好处，故填The benefits of saying “sorry”. 4．根据“In the British culture, saying sorry, in general, is a way to be polite”可知，“sorry”对他们来说是礼貌的一种方式，故填A way to be polite. Passage 6 The Spring Festival Gala hosted by China Central Television each year has become an important part of the Chinese Lunar New Year celebration since 1983. As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, the celebration of Spring Festival is spreading around the world. The Spring Festival Gala is combined with songs, dances, comic sketches, opera and folk arts. Harmony（和谐）and reunion（团聚）are the two themes of the gala. With a cheerful atmosphere, the gala is filled with laughter and applause from the beginning to the end. The gala usually starts at 8 on New Year’s Eve and lasts for about four hours. The program’s TV ratings have ranked first among China’s different shows over the past twenty years. But it’s difficult to fit all audiences’ tastes. Each year the gala hopes to absorb(吸收) new ideas and surprise people. So it has become a big challenge for CCTV and its creative staff. In recent years, some people have thought the Spring Festival Gala should be canceled. But lots of people still support it. Some people local TV stations even have begun to host their own shows, which have met the growing cultural needs of audiences. One successful example is Hunan TV’s gala, which now ranks second. Another new type of show is the Shanzhai (copycat) Spring Festival Gala Show. Whether people watch CCTV’s gala or other similar shows, Chinese people will surely enjoy themselves on the Lunar New Year’s Eve. 1．Why does the celebration of the Spring Festival spread around the world? It spreads around the world because it is . 2．What are the themes of CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala? The themes of the gala are . 3．How long does CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala usually last? It uaually lasts for . 4．Why does the Spring Festival Gala become a big challenge for CCTV and its staff? It becomes a big challenge because it is difficult . 5．What is the best title of this passage? . 【答案】1．an important part of traditional culture. 2．harmony and reunion. 3．four hours. 4．to fit all the audiences’ tastes. 5．The Spring Festival Gala. 【分析】试题分析：这篇短文主要介绍了由中央电视台主办的春节联欢晚会从1983年以来已经成为庆祝中国农历新年一部分。虽然春晚一直在努力吸收新的思想给观众惊喜但是也很难满足所有观众的口味。一些地方电台开始创办自己的节目以满足人们的需求。 【详解】73．根据第一段As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, the celebration of Spring Festival is spreading around the world.可知春节的庆祝活动传播全世界因为春节是中国传统文化的重要部分，故答案填an important part of traditional culture。 1．根据第二段Harmony（和谐）and reunion（团聚）are the two themes of the gala. 可知和谐和团圆是联欢会的主题，故答案填harmony and reunion。 2．根据The gala usually starts at 8 on New Year’s Eve and lasts for about four hours. 可知联欢会大约持续四个小时，故答案填four hours。 3．根据第三段But it’s difficult to fit all audiences’ tastes. 可知满足所有观众的品味是困难的，故填to fit all the audiences’ tastes。 4．根据文章主要是围绕春节联合会展开的，故答案填The Spring Festival Gala。 Passage 7 阅读理解 It was Zhang Lei’s first time to visit Singapore. He lived in his uncle’s home. It was sunny most days. He visited many places and had many kinds of nice food. Linda spent her vacation in Hawaii. She had a great time there. The beaches were beautiful and the weather was fine.  She had lots of delicious food.  People there were friendly. Mrs. Brown didn’t enjoy her vacation in London. The bus trip was boring.  And it rained every day, so she stayed at the hotel for 6 days. On the last day, she went shopping.  But the shops were crowded and things were really expensive. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where did Zhang Lei live when he was in Singapore? 2．How was the weather in Singapore? 3．Where did Linda go on vacation? 4．How were the people in Hawaii? 5．Why did Mrs. Brown stay in the hotel for 6 days? 【答案】1．In his uncle’s home. 2．It was sunny most days. 3．Hawaii 4．They were friendly. 5．Because it rained every day. 【详解】1．细节理解题，根据文中语句“It was Zhang Lei’s first time to visit Singapore. He lived in his uncle’s home.”理解可知。 1．细节理解题，根据文中语句“It was sunny most days.”理解可知。 1．细节理解题，根据文中语句“Linda spent her vacation in Hawaii.”理解可知。 1．细节理解题，根据文中语句“People there were friendly.”理解可知。 1．细节理解题，根据文中语句“Mrs. Brown didn’t enjoy her vacation in London. The bus trip was boring.  And it rained every day, so she stayed at the hotel for 6 days.”理解可知。 Passage 8 请阅读一篇关于母亲节的文章，回答下面的问题。 Mother’s Day is celebrated in the USA．It is also a holiday in some other countries. It is on the second Sunday in May. It is a day to thank mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers or cards. On the cards, children will write “Thanks, Mom” “To the best mother in the world” “Best wishes for Mother’s Day” and so on. We should make mothers happy on that day. Where does the idea for the holiday come from? We should thank Miss Anna M. Jarvis. She brought up the idea of having such a day. She lived in West Virginia. Her mother died on May 9th, 1905. She had a deep love for her mother. She wrote letters to some important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for all mothers. Then Mother’s Day was made on the second Sunday in May by the USA in 1913. In China, children give presents to their mothers on Mother’s Day, or the whole family go out and try to do something nice for their mothers. Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. Everybody should show his love to his mother and help her as much as possible. 1．When is Mother’s Day? 2．What do mothers usually receive on Mother’s Day? 3．Who brought up the idea of having Mother’s Day? 4．What did Miss Anna M. Jarvis ask some important persons to do? 5．Why do Chinese children try to do something nice for their mothers? 【答案】1．On the second Sunday in May. 2．Flowers or cards. 3．Miss Anna M. Jarvis. 4．To decide a day for all mothers. 5．Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. 【导语】本文介绍了母亲节的来历、习俗和中国孩子为母亲做的事情。 【详解】83．根据“It is on the second Sunday in May”可知母亲节在五月的第二个周日。故填On the second Sunday in May. 1．根据“On that day mothers usually receive flowers or cards”可知在那一天，母亲们通常会收到鲜花或卡片。故填Flowers or cards. 2．根据“We should thank Miss Anna M. Jarvis. She brought up the idea of having such a day.”可知Miss Anna M. Jarvis提出了过母亲节的想法。故填Miss Anna M. Jarvis. 3．根据“She wrote letters to some important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for all mothers”可知她让一些重要的人为所有母亲决定一个节日。故填To decide a day for all mothers. 4．根据“Because mothers always think of others more than themselves.”可知因为母亲总是为别人着想，而不是为自己着想。故填Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. Passage 9 In China, a host usually serves a visiting guest a cup of tea first when the guest enters the host’s house. It is a traditional custom in China. But do you know how to serve a cup of tea to a visiting guest? Well, in different places, the ways of serving tea are different. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, a clay cup is usually used to brew (冲泡) Longjing, Biluochun, Maojian or just green tea. Chrysanthemum tea (菊花茶) is sometimes used in the hot summer season to reduce (减少) the heat from outside. Serving a cup of tea is a very popular custom in the north China cities. In the colder northeastern provinces, the hosts would provide warm black tea with sugar for their guests. In some coastal provinces such as Guangdong Province and Fujian Province, a pot of Oolong tea or Pu’er tea is the common treat. Serving tea to guests is a common practice in China. However, different tea is used in different places. In Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), a guest is usually treated with milky tea. In a Jingpo family, you would be given baked tea(tea in water and baked in an oven to be made hot). 1．What kind of tea sets should be used to brew Longjing in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces? 2．Which kind of tea can make people feel cool in hot summer? 3．Where might you be offered warm black tea with sugar? 4．What is the passage mainly about? 5．How do you feel about the tea culture in our country? 【答案】1．A clay cup. 2．Chrysanthemum tea. 3．In the colder northeastern provinces in China. 4．Different ways of serving tea in China. 5．I feel very proud of the tea culture in our country. 【导语】本文介绍了中国不同的沏茶方式。 【详解】88．根据“In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, a clay cup is usually used to brew (冲泡) Longjing, Biluochun, Maojian or just green tea”可知，江浙地区冲泡龙井要用陶制的杯子。故填A clay cup. 1．根据“Chrysanthemum tea (菊花茶) is sometimes used in the hot summer season to reduce (减少) the heat from outside.”可知，人们夏日喝菊花茶，故填Chrysanthemum tea. 2．根据“In the colder northeastern provinces, the hosts would provide warm black tea with sugar for their guests.”可知，在寒冷的东北省份，主人会为客人提供加糖的温热红茶。故填In the colder northeastern provinces in China. 3．根据“Well, in different places, the ways of serving tea are different.”可知，文章介绍了中国不同的沏茶方式。故填Different ways of serving tea in China. 4．开放性作答，言之有理即可。参考答案为I feel very proud of the tea culture in our country. Passage 10 In Chengdu, tea culture has developed into the Chengdu-featured（特色的）tea house culture. There is a saying about Chengdu tea houses: You could see more tea houses than sunny days. Why can the tea house in Chengdu catch so much eyesight? Because of their many different functions（功能）: for relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment. Chengdu tea houses are often decorated（装饰）with bamboo desks and bamboo chairs. Chengdu people love tea houses, because they love chatting. They often gather together in a crowded tea house, and drink tea when chatting in their free time. They often have a cup of tea and cakes, watch actors performing traditional arts, talk and laugh with people in the house, which could be true joy of life. The soft wind is filled with tea's smell. The teas they use are usually jasmine green teas, Dragon Well and Biluochun. They use northern Gaiwan as tea sets (larger than Gongfu Gaiwan). Gaiwan is made up of three parts: the lid, the cup and the saucer（茶碟）. When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan, you will see the water filling from the air into Gaiwan, with a lively sound. In a moment, water stops. Then look at the Gaiwan. The water in it is just right at the level of the Gaiwan's mouth, with a simple drip（水满）on the desk. This is a unique（独特的）skill, as well as an art. No matter where you are in Chengdu, in a quiet park or in a busy street, you can see those featured tea houses. They have fair price and good service. People can stay there for half a day, having only a cup of tea and little snacks. In the talks of friends and neighbors, the colorful tea culture of Sichuan is fully expressed. 请务必将以下小题的答案写在相应位置! 1．What are the functions of Chengdu tea houses? __________________________________________________________ 2．What are the desks and chairs in Chengdu tea houses made of? __________________________________________________________ 3．What's the difference between northern Gaiwan and Gongfu Gaiwan? __________________________________________________________ 4．Who has the unique skill of pouring water in the tea houses? __________________________________________________________ 5．What's the passage mainly about? __________________________________________________________ 【答案】1．Relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment. 2．They are made of bamboo. 3．The northern Gaiwan is larger than Gongfu Gaiwan. 4．The tea service master. 5．The passage is mainly about the colorful tea culture of Sichuan. 【分析】在成都，茶文化已经发展成为成都特色的茶馆文化。茶馆充分体现了四川丰富多彩的茶文化。 【详解】93．根据第一段最后一句“Because of their many different functions（功能）: for relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment.”可知成都的茶馆有许多不同的功能，如放松、开会或者娱乐。故填Relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment. 1．根据第二段第一句“Chengdu tea houses are often decorated（装饰）with bamboo desks and bamboo chairs.”可知成都茶馆的桌椅是用竹子做的。故填They are made of bamboo. 2．根据第三段中“They use northern Gaiwan as tea sets (larger than Gongfu Gaiwan).”可知北方盖碗比功夫盖碗大。故填The northern Gaiwan is larger than Gongfu Gaiwan. 3．根据第三段中“When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan, you will see…This is a unique（独特的）skill, as well as an art.”可知在茶馆里有倒水绝技的是茶艺师傅。故填The tea service master. 4．根据第一句“In Chengdu, tea culture has developed into the Chengdu-featured（特色的）tea house culture.”和最后一段中“In the talks of friends and neighbors, the colorful tea culture of Sichuan is fully expressed.”可知在成都，茶文化已经发展成为成都特色的茶馆文化，茶馆充分体现了四川丰富多彩的茶文化。故填The passage is mainly about the colorful tea culture of Sichuan. 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 A Taste of Art 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与社会——历史的发展） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 As a kind of traditional Chinese dress, mamianqun (the horse-faced skirt), first appeared in the Song Dynasty and grew popular during the Ming Dynasty. The two sides of the skirt are pleated (有褶的), and there is a smooth part in the middle, commonly known as “mamian”. Mamianqun is colorful, mostly red and blue. Red means good luck and joy. According to the Han custom, women usually wore red skirts during festivals. In the Qing Dynasty, blue was also common and popular, paired with black and yellow. Mamianqun has different kinds of patterns (图案) with different meanings. For example, dragon and phoenix patterns show the love between a man and a woman. And the peony (牡丹) is a symbol of wealth and honor. Recently, mamianqun has become popular with hanfu fans. More and more modern fashion designers get ideas from mamianqun. For example, some get ideas from the patterns. Some mix the styles of mamianqun with T-shirts, which are more suitable for everyday wear. Even Western fashion has been influenced by mamianqun. 1．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about? (不超过10个词) 2．What color of clothes did women usually wear during festivals in the Han Dynasty? (不超过5个词) 3．What does the peony on mamianqun mean? (不超过5个词) Passage 2 British people are famous for saying sorry in almost every situation. They say sorry for asking a question or for the bad weather. British people pride（为……而骄傲）themselves on their polite manners（礼貌）. As a result, they use the word “sorry" quite a lot— even when they don’t really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying, “Sorry to bother（打扰）you. Do you know what time it is?” If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!” That they say sorry does not only mean they feel sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck. In the dictionary, “sorry” also means feeling regret（后悔）because they have done something wrong. And now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with “Sorry to bother you.” In this situation, they aren’t saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret. In the British culture, saying sorry is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don’t know very well. Besides, it also can bring them other benefits（好处）in their daily life. In a recent experiment, an actor asked different strangers on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones to make a call. When he asked one group of strangers and asked them without saying sorry first, he was only 9% successful. However, when he said sorry to another group about the bad weather before saying his request, he was 47% successful. 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 1．In which situation do British people say sorry to others?（List one situation） 2．Why do British people often use the word “sorry” quite a lot? 3．What do British people say if they are five minutes late for a date? 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? 5．What does “sorry” mean to British people? Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，回答问题。 According to the Chinese lunar calendar, 2021 is the Year of the Ox. Many Chinese people believe it will be a good year. It makes them think of a strong body, good luck and a better life. The ox plays an important role and is a symbol of hard working in Chinese culture. The phrase “the spirit of ox” means beating anything in the way. The word “laohuangniu” means those who help others and ask nothing for themselves. Just as Chinese writer Lu Xun once wrote, “Cows eat grass, but give milk.” When someone gets a great achievement (成就) through hard work, people often use “niu”, meaning “wonderful”, to describe him or her. In the west, people have a different opinion about this animal. “Bullheaded” people are very stubborn (固执的) and will not listen to advice. If you search on the Internet for the word “bull” (公牛), you’ll also find other interesting English expressions. For example, if someone behaves (表现) “like a bull in a china shop”, he or she behaves in a clumsy (笨拙的) way when they should be more careful. In the year of the Ox, we hope that all of our students will work just as hard as the ox does. Keep away from anything that might make you as angry as “a red flag to a bull”. We hope you can always “take the bull by the horns (不畏艰险)” when you have to face a difficult situation. 1．What do people think of the ox in Chinese culture? 2．What’s the spirit of ox? 3．When can a person be described as “niu” in China? 4．Daniel is very stubborn and never accepts advice from others, what can people call him? 5．Should students work hard as the ox does? Passage 4 请阅读四位中学生写下的关于2020年新年愿望的博文，根据所提供的信息用完整的句子回答后面的问题，并把答案写在答题卡指定的位置上。 Do you know what a house-warming party is? After people move into a new house, they often have a party to show their family and friends the new home. Their family and friends usually bring a lot of presents to the party. These presents are usually for the new house. They can be big things like a lamp, a fan or a chair. They can be small things as well like a house plant, they are quite good presents.    What do my parents usually like to buy for a house-warming party? They buy small things that everyone needs: bath towels. One can never have enough baths, is that right? For young people, Mom buys lovely towels that children can wear. They are so easy to use that kids love them. For old people, Mom buys white ones. With no little kids around, these people can keep white towels clean for a long time.     What do you usually buy for a house-warming party? Maybe your presents are more than a big surprise. 1．When do people often have a house-warming party? 2．Who usually brings a lot of presents to the party? 3．What does the writer’s mom buy for young people? 4．How are the presents for people with children? 5．Why can old people keep white towels clean? Passage 5 In China, some students are anti-fashion (反时尚). They don’t like their parents’ clothes. They are not like their parents. In summer they wear big sweaters. They are outside around their trousers or shorts. They seldom wear socks or stockings. In winter they wear coats with the collar (衣领) standing. Their sleeves (袖子) are very long. So you can’t see their hands. Sometimes you may think they are handicapped (残疾的). On their clothes you can often see some English words, such as “fashion”, “fairy fox”, “impossible”. But sometimes you may find some words are wrong. Many students do not know what those words mean. That shows they are not good at English. Some students’ hair is yellow or red. They think they are handsome or beautiful. They like to wear colourful trainers. Is that really cool? 回答下面5个问题，每题答案不超过6个词 1．If the students are anti-fashion, what do they usually wear in summer? 2．Do they usually wear socks or stockings? 3．Why can’t we see their hands in winter? 4．What can we often see on their clothes? 5．What colour is some students’ hair? Passage 6 Gift giving is different from culture to culture and person to person. When giving gifts, sometimes color is important. For example, for many Chinese people around the world, red is a lucky color, and people often like to wrap (包装) gifts in this color. However, do you know that in Korea, red is a color of death? That is why you should not wrap your gifts in this color if you are giving a gift to a Korean person. What about western countries? In western countries, the color of wrapping paper is not really important. But color does matter when giving flowers, especially roses. You should not give red roses to a western person you don’t know very well because they are a symbol of love. You could give yellow roses instead as these are a symbol of friendship. You could also send pink roses as gifts to say thank you. What other things should you remember when giving gifts to someone from a different culture? Well, one thing you should keep in mind is the person’s religion (宗教). When choosing a gift for a Muslim (穆斯林) or Jewish friend, you should never get food including pork, or things made from pigskin. Another thing that you should not get for a Muslim person is alcohol (酒). Answer the following questions with no more than 7 words. 1．In which country do people think red is the color of death? 2．How can we show our friendship to the western friends? 3．What gift doesn’t a Muslin friend like? 4．Why should not we give red roses to a common western friend? 5．What’s the main idea of this passage? Passage 7 请根据短文内容，回答下面问题，每题不超过6个词。 Why do we use “shang cesuo” to mean “go to the bathroom” and “xia chufang” to mean “go to the kitchen”? In ancient times, houses were laid out (安排) in a certain way. The door of the home would face south, with the bathroom located (位于) in the northeastern part of the house and the kitchen located in the southeastern part. On maps, north is usually at the top of the map, while south is at the bottom. In Chinese, we say “上北下南” to refer to the north as shang (upper) and the south as xia (lower). So people would say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen because of their location. Ancient Chinese not only used shang and xia to refer to directions, but also social status (地位). Shang was seen to be noble (尊贵的), while xia stood for humility (谦卑). For example, people used huangshang (皇上) to refer to the emperor and dianxia (殿下) to refer to princes who had lower status than the emperor. What does this have to do with the bathroom and kitchen? In the past, men were seen as the “noble” workers of the family, while women were “humble (卑微的)” homemakers. Since women worked in the kitchen, the “humble” character xia was used to refer to the room. But those associations (关联) in meaning have been lost over time. 1．How were houses laid out in ancient times? 2．Where is “north” on maps?   3．Why would people say they were going “up” to the bathroom and “down” to the kitchen? 4．What did ancient Chinese use “shang” and “xia” refer to?   5．Who was seen as the humble homemakers in the past? Passage 8 阅读下面的短文，然后根据短文内容回答问题，并将答案填写在答题卡上对应题号的横线上。 Most people drink tea in the world. But tea does not mean the same thing to different people. In different countries, people have different ideas about drinking tea. In China, for example, tea is often served when people get together. Chinese people drink it at home or in tea houses at any time of the day. They often use hot water to boil tea leaves. Tea is also important in other Asian countries. People in these countries have a special way of serving tea. They hold a tea ceremony in their houses when important guests come. It is very old and full of meaning. Everything must be done in a special way in the ceremony. There is even a special room for it in their houses. In the United States, people usually drink tea at breakfast or they drink it after meals. Americans usually use tea bags to make tea. This way is faster and easier than the way of making tea in teapots. In summer, most Americans drink iced tea. They like to put some ice in their tea. 1．Do most people drink tea in the world? 2．What do Chinese people often use to boil tea leaves? 3．What does the underlined word “It” mean? 4．When do people usually drink tea in the USA? 5．What kind of tea do most Americans drink in summer? Passage 9 根据短文内容，回答下列各题。 Chinese traditional painting and dance are two important parts of the art world. But what about when they meet each other? This year, a dance drama called Poetic Dance: The Journey of a Legendary Landscape Painting (《只此青绿》) was shown on CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala. It became popular overnight. According to CCTV, this poetic dance got the idea from the 900-year-old Chinese painting A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains (《千里江山图》). Created by Song Dynasty painter Wang Ximeng at about 18, the painting is amazing in its sweeping size, rich coloration and expressive details. It shows a Chinese blue-green landscape: “mountains and groupings of endless rise and fall between cloudless sky and rippling water”. The dance shows the Chinese traditional beauty of the painting. The dancers each had a different hairstyle, which looked like a mountain rock. The clothes that they wore were shades of green and blue, which is also poetic show of the mountains and rivers. When the dancers swayed beautifully, the audience seemed to be looking at the moving mountains and rivers. Huge mountains and rivers are coming to life! More than a thousand years later, green mountains and rivers still wow people as they did long ago. In recent years, more and more modern shows highlight Chinese traditional culture and have received warm welcome, especially among young people. They show interest in Chinese culture and are proud of it. 1．What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 1? 2．In A Panorama of Rivers and Mountains, what color is the Chinese landscape? 3．What does the dancers’ hairstyle look like? 4．Do young people like modern shows which highlight Chinese traditional culture? 5．According to the text, how do you like this poetic dance? Passage 10 Crosstalk, or xiangsheng, is one of China’s most popular performing arts. People of all ages love it — kids, grandparents, and everyone in between find it super fun. Even many young students enjoy it after class, laughing along with performers on stage. No one knows exactly when crosstalk started. Some say the Ming Dynasty, but most think it became a real art during the Qing Dynasty when cities were full of energy. At first, one person did dankou (solo acts), telling silly stories or jokes. Later, when three or more joined, it was qunkou (group acts). But today, the most common is duikou (two-person acts). In duikou, there’s a “funny leader” (dougen) who makes most jokes, and a “helper” (penggen) who laughs, asks silly questions, or makes the jokes even funnier. They chat about daily life or silly things, making the audience laugh nonstop. Crosstalk has four key skills: shuo (telling stories/jokes), xue (copying sounds — like how cats meow or grandpas cough), dou (making people laugh with silly words/faces), and chang (singing short folk tunes). These are taught by older actors to new students, learning by doing. In recent years, online videos have made crosstalk even more popular. In 2008, China named it a “national intangible heritage” to help keep this funny art alive for more people. So next time you watch, remember: every laugh comes from lots of practice and happy sharing! 1．When do people think crosstalk became an real art form? 2．What was the earliest form of xiangsheng? 3．How many forms of xiangsheng are introduced in paragraph 2? 4．What are the key skills in xiangsheng according to the text? 5．Do you like xiangsheng? Why or why not? 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 【语篇来自二十一世纪学生英文报·试题原创】 UK vs US manners Britons may like to complain a lot, but they rarely do so in the moment, explains BBC writer Ruth Margolis. They would rather grumble afterward. This is because Britons hate to put someone out and cause a scene. Margolis writes: “For instance, I’m much more comfortable just leaving that lump of raw chicken on my plate [instead of complaining to restaurant staff]. But beware: if this kind of thing happens when you’re dining with an American, they will most likely speak up on your behalf and not understand why you find this humiliating.” In a BBC blog post comparing cultural differences between the UK and the US, Margolis mentions a few other things that Americans like to do that are offensive to Britons. Not making introductions Americans rarely remember to introduce a new friend to their friends at parties. Strangers are supposed to introduce themselves. But Margolis says most Britons dislike this approach because “talking to strangers without a facilitator gives them a stomachache”. ‘Quite’ good Using “quite” to mean “very” happens a lot in the US. But if you are invited to a dinner party in a British household, don’t describe the meal as “quite good” if you want to express high praise. To Britons’ ears, “quite” detracts from the “good”: the meal was passable but could have been better. Money Talk Americans can talk about money subjects for hours without feeling uncomfortable. For Britons, says Margolis: “talking about how much we make is unthinkable - only less so than discussing our feelings”. Over-politeness In the US, it is not unusual to be greeted by a perfect stranger as “honey” or “sweetie”. But Margolis says Britons find put-on friendliness, especially in stores, deeply irritating. “It’s not that I want shop assistants to be actively rude. But neither do I want to expend energy responding to someone who’s been paid to ask: ‘How are you today?’” says Margolis. 1．When do Britons prefer to do if they want to complain something? 2．How many examples does the writer tell us? 3．Why do most Britons dislike the American approach of strangers introducing themselves at parties? 4．What does the use of the word "quite" imply when describing a meal in a British household? 5．What do Britons think of “honey” or “sweetie” in stores? Passage 2 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 When Chinese movie lovers watched Fantastic Beasts which came out on April 8th, they would see the phoenix(凤凰) and the qilin. These are the familiar mythological creatures(神奇动物) in their childhood. The qilin is a very rare creature that can hardly be seen in the wizarding(魔法) world, only found in East China. Wizards had long respected this creature for its ability to look into a person’s heart. The qilin is seen as a gentle creature in Chinese culture. Its head looks like a dragon and its body looks like a deer or horse. It can tell between good and evil and can even bring luck. In English, the qilin is sometimes called the “Chinese unicorn(独角兽)”. This may be because they are gentle and virtuous(正直的), like unicorns. In the west, this horse-like creature has one horn on its head. It is said that a unicorn’s horn or tears can treat serious injuries. There are other creatures appearing in both Chinese culture and western culture. In Chinese culture, the phoenix is very important. It stands for luck and is the “king of birds”. In the west, it is a symbol of immortality(不朽) and rebirth. Although they look alike, dragons in China and the west are very different beasts. The dragon is a respected creature in China, symbolizing good luck, while western dragons are always full of bad thoughts and bring dangers to the world. 1．When did the movie Fantastic Beasts come out? 2．Can qilin be found very often in the wizarding world? 3．What does the qilin look like? 4．Why is the qilin sometimes called the “Chinese unicorn” in English? 5．How do people like the dragons in western countries? Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Different countries have different customs. When you are in different countries, you should follow their customs. In China, it’s impolite to talk when eating dinner. And you’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table. Very often people who travel to the United States forget to tip（给小费）. It is usual to tip waiters, taxi drivers and porters who help carry your bags. Waiters expect to get a 15% tip on the cost of your meal. Taxi drivers expect about the same amount（数量）. In England, make sure to stand in line even if there are only two of you. It’s important to respect lines there. It’s a good idea to talk about the weather. It’s the favorite subject of conversation with the British. In Spain, it’s a good idea to have a light meal in the afternoon if someone invites you for dinner. People have dinner very late, and restaurants do not generally open until after 9: 00 p. m. In Saudi Arabia（沙特阿拉伯）, men kiss one another on the cheek（脸颊）. Your host may welcome you with a kiss on both cheeks. It is polite for you to do the same. In Japan, people usually give personal or business cards to each other when they meet for the first time. When a person gives you a card, don’t put it into your pocket as soon as you get it. The person expects you to read it at once. Don’t forget to be careful of your body language to express something in conversations. A kind of body language that is friendly in one culture may be impolite in another. 1．How much should you tip the waiter n the US if your meal is 100 dollars? 2．What is the favorite subject of conversation in Britain? 3．In which country do people have dinner almost after 9 p.m.? 4．What are you supposed to do if someone gives you a personal card in Japan? 5．Does body language mean the same in all countries? Passage 4 There are many holidays and festivals. Dads have Father’s Day Mums have Mother’s Day. But do our grandparents have a special festival? Yes, they do! The Double Ninth Festival is a special day for older people in China. It started long ago. The festival is on lunar September 9th. On this day, people show love and respect to their grandparents. There are many ways in which Chinese people express their respect. When an older person enters a room, everyone stands. People are introduced from the oldest to the youngest. When we present a book to an older person, two hands are used. Young people always offer their seats to older people on a crowded subway or bus. Respecting older people is a tradition in China. That’s because the Chinese know that older people have knowledge and experience that young people can lean. Chinese people are proud of being old. In Western countries, however, older people seldom think they are old. They are called “seniors” instead of “old people”. They’d rather do everything themselves. Even after retirement (退休) they take up hobbies, part-time jobs and new activities to keep their bodies working well. Westerners respect their older people, too. Usually, seniors don’t have to buy tickets for trains and buses. They are given discounts(打折) in stores and restaurants. But Western seniors don’t often live with their children—they live alone. For holidays, the family usually gather at the grandparents’ home, and a great smile and a warm hug for their parents are enough for grown children to show their respect. (注意：每小题答题词数不超过10个) 1．When is the double ninth Festival? . 2．How many ways in which Chinese people express their respect are mentioned? . 3．What can the young learn from older people? . 4．How do Western grown children show their respect? . Passage 5 British people are famous for saying sorry in almost every situation. They say “Sorry” for asking a question, for their bad weather or because they sneezed( 打喷嚏). British people pride themselves on their polite manners towards one another in public. As a result, they use the word “sorry” quite a lot—even when they don’t really mean it! Usually, if they want to ask a stranger for the time, they would start by saying, “Sorry to bother(打扰) you. Do you know what time it is?” If they are five minutes late for a date, they would generally greet the person by saying, “Sorry, I’m late!” That they say sorry does not only mean they feel sad for someone else because of their problems or bad luck. In the dictionary, “sorry” also means feeling regret because they have done something wrong. And now, think about this. Normally, when they want to ask a stranger a question, they start with “Sorry to bother you.” In this situation, they aren’t saying sorry because they feel sad for that person or because they feel regret. In the British culture, saying sorry, in general, is a way to be polite, especially to people who they don’t know very well. Besides, it also can bring them other benefits in their daily life. In a recent experiment, an actor asked different strangers on a rainy day if he could use their mobile phones to make a call. When he asked one group of strangers and asked them without saving sorry first, he was only 9% successful in borrowing their phones. However, when he said sorry to another group of strangers about the bad weather before asking if he could use their mobile phones, he was 47% successful. 1．Do British people say sorry for asking a question? _______________________________________________________________ 2．Why do British people often use the word sorry quite a lot? _______________________________________________________________ 3．What do British people say if they are five minutes late for a date? _______________________________________________________________ 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? _______________________________________________________________ 5．What do sorry mean to British people? _______________________________________________________________ Passage 6 The Spring Festival Gala hosted by China Central Television each year has become an important part of the Chinese Lunar New Year celebration since 1983. As an important part of traditional Chinese culture, the celebration of Spring Festival is spreading around the world. The Spring Festival Gala is combined with songs, dances, comic sketches, opera and folk arts. Harmony（和谐）and reunion（团聚）are the two themes of the gala. With a cheerful atmosphere, the gala is filled with laughter and applause from the beginning to the end. The gala usually starts at 8 on New Year’s Eve and lasts for about four hours. The program’s TV ratings have ranked first among China’s different shows over the past twenty years. But it’s difficult to fit all audiences’ tastes. Each year the gala hopes to absorb(吸收) new ideas and surprise people. So it has become a big challenge for CCTV and its creative staff. In recent years, some people have thought the Spring Festival Gala should be canceled. But lots of people still support it. Some people local TV stations even have begun to host their own shows, which have met the growing cultural needs of audiences. One successful example is Hunan TV’s gala, which now ranks second. Another new type of show is the Shanzhai (copycat) Spring Festival Gala Show. Whether people watch CCTV’s gala or other similar shows, Chinese people will surely enjoy themselves on the Lunar New Year’s Eve. 1．Why does the celebration of the Spring Festival spread around the world? It spreads around the world because it is . 2．What are the themes of CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala? The themes of the gala are . 3．How long does CCTV’s Spring Festival Gala usually last? It uaually lasts for . 4．Why does the Spring Festival Gala become a big challenge for CCTV and its staff? It becomes a big challenge because it is difficult . 5．What is the best title of this passage? . Passage 7 阅读理解 It was Zhang Lei’s first time to visit Singapore. He lived in his uncle’s home. It was sunny most days. He visited many places and had many kinds of nice food. Linda spent her vacation in Hawaii. She had a great time there. The beaches were beautiful and the weather was fine.  She had lots of delicious food.  People there were friendly. Mrs. Brown didn’t enjoy her vacation in London. The bus trip was boring.  And it rained every day, so she stayed at the hotel for 6 days. On the last day, she went shopping.  But the shops were crowded and things were really expensive. 根据短文内容，回答下列问题。 1．Where did Zhang Lei live when he was in Singapore? 2．How was the weather in Singapore? 3．Where did Linda go on vacation? 4．How were the people in Hawaii? 5．Why did Mrs. Brown stay in the hotel for 6 days? Passage 8 请阅读一篇关于母亲节的文章，回答下面的问题。 Mother’s Day is celebrated in the USA．It is also a holiday in some other countries. It is on the second Sunday in May. It is a day to thank mothers. On that day mothers usually receive flowers or cards. On the cards, children will write “Thanks, Mom” “To the best mother in the world” “Best wishes for Mother’s Day” and so on. We should make mothers happy on that day. Where does the idea for the holiday come from? We should thank Miss Anna M. Jarvis. She brought up the idea of having such a day. She lived in West Virginia. Her mother died on May 9th, 1905. She had a deep love for her mother. She wrote letters to some important persons. In her letters she asked them to decide a day for all mothers. Then Mother’s Day was made on the second Sunday in May by the USA in 1913. In China, children give presents to their mothers on Mother’s Day, or the whole family go out and try to do something nice for their mothers. Because mothers always think of others more than themselves. Everybody should show his love to his mother and help her as much as possible. 1．When is Mother’s Day? 2．What do mothers usually receive on Mother’s Day? 3．Who brought up the idea of having Mother’s Day? 4．What did Miss Anna M. Jarvis ask some important persons to do? 5．Why do Chinese children try to do something nice for their mothers? Passage 9 In China, a host usually serves a visiting guest a cup of tea first when the guest enters the host’s house. It is a traditional custom in China. But do you know how to serve a cup of tea to a visiting guest? Well, in different places, the ways of serving tea are different. In Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, a clay cup is usually used to brew (冲泡) Longjing, Biluochun, Maojian or just green tea. Chrysanthemum tea (菊花茶) is sometimes used in the hot summer season to reduce (减少) the heat from outside. Serving a cup of tea is a very popular custom in the north China cities. In the colder northeastern provinces, the hosts would provide warm black tea with sugar for their guests. In some coastal provinces such as Guangdong Province and Fujian Province, a pot of Oolong tea or Pu’er tea is the common treat. Serving tea to guests is a common practice in China. However, different tea is used in different places. In Inner Mongolia (内蒙古), a guest is usually treated with milky tea. In a Jingpo family, you would be given baked tea(tea in water and baked in an oven to be made hot). 1．What kind of tea sets should be used to brew Longjing in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces? 2．Which kind of tea can make people feel cool in hot summer? 3．Where might you be offered warm black tea with sugar? 4．What is the passage mainly about? 5．How do you feel about the tea culture in our country? Passage 10 In Chengdu, tea culture has developed into the Chengdu-featured（特色的）tea house culture. There is a saying about Chengdu tea houses: You could see more tea houses than sunny days. Why can the tea house in Chengdu catch so much eyesight? Because of their many different functions（功能）: for relaxing, meetings, as well as entertainment. Chengdu tea houses are often decorated（装饰）with bamboo desks and bamboo chairs. Chengdu people love tea houses, because they love chatting. They often gather together in a crowded tea house, and drink tea when chatting in their free time. They often have a cup of tea and cakes, watch actors performing traditional arts, talk and laugh with people in the house, which could be true joy of life. The soft wind is filled with tea's smell. The teas they use are usually jasmine green teas, Dragon Well and Biluochun. They use northern Gaiwan as tea sets (larger than Gongfu Gaiwan). Gaiwan is made up of three parts: the lid, the cup and the saucer（茶碟）. When the tea service master pours water into the Gaiwan, you will see the water filling from the air into Gaiwan, with a lively sound. In a moment, water stops. Then look at the Gaiwan. The water in it is just right at the level of the Gaiwan's mouth, with a simple drip（水满）on the desk. This is a unique（独特的）skill, as well as an art. No matter where you are in Chengdu, in a quiet park or in a busy street, you can see those featured tea houses. They have fair price and good service. People can stay there for half a day, having only a cup of tea and little snacks. In the talks of friends and neighbors, the colorful tea culture of Sichuan is fully expressed. 请务必将以下小题的答案写在相应位置! 1．What are the functions of Chengdu tea houses? __________________________________________________________ 2．What are the desks and chairs in Chengdu tea houses made of? __________________________________________________________ 3．What's the difference between northern Gaiwan and Gongfu Gaiwan? __________________________________________________________ 4．Who has the unique skill of pouring water in the tea houses? __________________________________________________________ 5．What's the passage mainly about? __________________________________________________________ 1 / 13 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $