Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment（分层作业）英语译林版必修第二册

分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文 1．出发 ________________ 2．邀请你到我家吃饭 ________________ 3．在那种情况下感到不舒服 ________________ 4．只有在……情况下 ________________ 5．没门，不可能 ________________ 6．拓宽思维 ________________ 7．支持你的观点 ________________ 8．环境保护 ________________ 9．想从生活中得到更多 ________________ 10．在那个时候 ________________ 【答案】 1．set off/set out/start off/start out 2．invite you to my home for dinner 3．feel uncomfortable in that situation 4．only if… 5．no way 6．broaden one’s/the mind 7．support your opinion 8．environmental protection 9．want more out of life 10．at that time 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．My English teacher can speak fluent English, whose first class made a deep ________(印象) on us. 2．These 100 flags ____________ (代表) 100 countries. 3．She was so angry that she t_________ the paper into pieces. 4．A Chinese l____________ is a small box made of thin paper that you put a light inside as a decoration. 5．Boys prefer reading detective stories because they want to solve the r________ with logic. 6．He showed his i______ card and went in. 7．She has a daughter from a__________(先前的)marriage. 8．He left halfway through the __________________ (仪式). 9．With a personal __________ (财富) of six million pounds, she certainly doesn’t work out of necessity. 10．The company has an ________(收入) of $1 billion a year. 【答案】 1. impression 2. represent 3. tore 4. lantern 5. riddles 6. identity 7. previous 8. ceremony 9. fortune 10. income 三、单句语法填空 1．Hundreds of athletes (select) from all over the world in the past two months. 2．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 3．Compared with traditional books, e-books are more (convenience) for students. 4．She insists that all neighbors (sort) their garbage properly to protect the environment. 5．In some cities, it is not allowed to set fireworks because they might cause accidents. 6．With lots of difficult problems (settle), the new manager worked far into night. 7．It is recently reported that the number of those sticking a traditional diet is slowly declining. 8．Hit by lack of fresh air, my head ached. 9．It’s quite a(n) (formal) party; you needn’t dress up for it. 10．The (retire) man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake. 【答案】 1. have been selected 2. biting 3. convenient 4. sort/should sort 5. off 6. to settle 7. to 8. a 9. informal 10. retired 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．在向学校告别时，他强忍泪水。 He __________________ while saying goodbye to his school. 2．A single sugary treat, __________________, was placed on a table. 一个由孩子选择的单一含糖食品被放在桌子上。 3．袁隆平因为对国家的贡献而受到尊重。 Yuan Longping was honoured __________________. 4．如果你方便的话，我明天下午想要去拜访你。 __________________, I’d like to visit you tomorrow afternoon. 5．许多新移民都希望能在加拿大永久定居并成为加拿大公民。 Many new arrivals expressed their intention to __________________Canada permanently and become Canadian citizens. 6．的确，全家人在一起再幸福不过了。 Indeed, the whole family __________________to be together. 7．一完成学业，他就开始在中国旅行。 __________________his studies, he started travelling in China. 8．健康生活方式是多么宝贵啊！ __________________ the healthy lifestyle is! 9．我们应该尝试独立地解决我们遇到的问题而不只是依靠父母。 We should try to settle problems (that/which) we meet independently instead of ________________. 10．他一边看着窗外, 一边咬着嘴唇, 仿佛在思考。 He__________________ as he looked out the window, as if thinking. 【答案】 1. held back his tears 2. selected by the child 3. for the great contribution to his country 4. If it is convenient for you 5. settle in 6. couldn’t be happier 7. On/Upon finishing 8. How valuable/precious 9. just relying on our parents 10. was biting his lip 五、语法填空 One day, Grandfather and Father 1 (play) chess when Son came back with a 2 (disappoint) look. Seeing this, the father had 3 conversation with the boy. Instead of going to college and becoming a lawyer, 4 had been expected by his father, the boy just wanted to focus on his band and have a career in music after he left school. Actually, the boy wasn’t interested in law at all. When they argued, the grandfather 5 (step) in and told both of them to calm down. He reminded the father 6 his own experience when he was at his son’s age. Then, the father wanted to be a 7 (profession) football player but the grandfather hoped he could become an engineer. Grandfather advised the father 8 (think) more and choose the major that suited his talents. At last, the father took the advice and chose to study law in college. In the same way, the grandfather suggested the boy should calm down and think twice before 9 (jump) in with both feet. His grandfather told him that if he goes to university and plays music at the same time, he will have two 10 (option) for his future. 【文章大意】本文讲述了爷爷和爸爸下棋时儿子失望归来，父子因儿子想搞音乐而非当律师争执。爷爷以爸爸年轻时的经历劝解，建议男孩兼顾学业与音乐，给自己留两条出路。 1．were playing 考查时态。句意：一天，祖父和父亲正在下棋，儿子回来时脸上带着失望的表情。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…，此处发生在过去用过去进行时，主语为Grandfather and Father，谓语用复数。 2．disappointed 考查形容词。句意：一天，祖父和父亲正在下棋，儿子回来时脸上带着失望的表情。修饰look，表示“感到失望的”用形容词disappointed。 3．a 考查冠词。句意：看到这一幕，父亲便和男孩谈了起来。短语have a conversation with表示“和……交谈”。 4．which 考查定语从句。句意：男孩并没有像父亲所期望的那样去上大学、当律师，而是只想专注于自己的乐队，在毕业之后从事音乐事业。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一整件事（上大学当律师这件事），关系代词用 which。 5．stepped 考查时态。句意：当他们争吵时，祖父上前劝说两人冷静下来。根据上文When they argued可知为一般过去时。 6．of 考查介词。句意：他提醒父亲回忆起父亲自己在儿子这个年纪时的经历。短语remind sb. of...表示“提醒某人某事”。 7．professional 考查形容词。句意：那时，父亲想成为一名职业足球运动员，但祖父希望他能成为工程师。修饰名词player用形容词professional。 8．to think 考查非谓语动词。句意：祖父建议父亲多思考，选择适合自己才能的主修专业。短语advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”。 9．jumping 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样地，祖父建议男孩先冷静下来，在贸然行动之前好好想想。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。 10．options 考查名词的数。句意：他爷爷告诉他，如果他上大学的同时还玩音乐，将来就有两种选择。根据上文two可知用复数形式。 六、阅读理解 Bertha Ngumbi, my mother, is one of the kindest women I know. However, when I was a child growing up in Kenya with my four siblings (兄弟姐妹), her kindness often annoyed us. Whenever visitors came to our home, whether relatives or strangers, expected or not, my mother would ask us to prepare and serve them black tea. If visitors arrived during lunch or dinner, she would invite them to eat with us, which meant less food for the family. As children, we felt unhappy and sometimes even complained about it. My sister Faith especially disliked those moments when we had little firewood or when the wood was wet from rain, because making tea became difficult. My sisters and I even believed that some people took advantage of our mother’s generosity by appearing at mealtime. Years later, after moving to the United States to live and teach, I began to see things differently. My mother’s kindness had deeply influenced me. Even when I struggled myself, I still tried to help relatives, friends, and even strangers. If unexpected visitors came to my house one day, I would warmly offer them tea and food, just as my mother always did. Wanting to understand the source of her kindness, I asked my mother about it. She explained that she had learned it from her own mother, my grandmother. Growing up in a large family with eight siblings, my mother often returned home from school to discover that some of their lunch had been given away to hungry travelers. Although the children were upset at times, their mother continued helping others whenever she could. When I asked my mother whether she would have changed if she had known we disliked her generosity, she answered firmly that she would never stop helping people. Today, I fully understand her actions and remain deeply grateful for the compassion (同情) she planted in me. 1．Why did the author dislike unexpected visitors when she was young? A．They interrupted family activities. B．Her family had to share meals with them. C．They always asked for more black tea. D．Her siblings needed to serve them food first. 2．What did the author do after moving to the US? A．She avoided bothering others. B．She lived a poor life for a long time. C．She kept complaining about her mother. D．She was friendly towards others. 3．Why did the author ask her mother about her kindness? A．To memorize her childhood. B．To express her gratitude. C．To understand its origin. D．To change her mother’s mind. 4．How did the author’s attitude to her mother’s kindness change over time? A．From not understanding it to valuing it. B．From seeing it as a shame to a road map. C．From supporting it to complaining about it. D．From taking it lightly to viewing it as a trouble. 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者在肯尼亚童年时不理解母亲的慷慨好客，成年移居美国后深受影响并传承了这一美德。 1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If visitors arrived during lunch or dinner, she would invite them to eat with us, which meant less food for the family.(如果访客在午餐或晚餐时间到来，母亲会邀请他们一起吃饭，这意味着家里的食物会变少)”可知，作者小时候不喜欢不速之客是因为家人不得不与他们分享食物。 2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even when I struggled myself, I still tried to help relatives, friends, and even strangers. If unexpected visitors came to my house one day, I would warmly offer them tea and food, just as my mother always did.(即便我自己过得很艰难，我仍然尽力帮助亲戚、朋友，甚至陌生人。如果有一天有不速之客来我家，我会像妈妈一样热情地给他们提供茶和食物)”可知，作者移居美国后对他人十分友善。 3．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Wanting to understand the source of her kindness, I asked my mother about it.(为了弄懂母亲善良品质的源头，我问了她相关问题)”可知，作者询问母亲是为了了解这种善行的起源。 4．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As children, we felt unhappy and sometimes even complained about it.(孩提时代，我们对此感到不开心，有时甚至会抱怨)”以及最后一段“Today, I fully understand her actions and remain deeply grateful for the compassion (同情) she planted in me.(今天，我完全理解她的行为，并对她在我心中播下的同情深表感激)”可知，作者的态度经历了从最初的不理解、抱怨到后来珍视、感激的转变。 七、七选五 Communicating with parents is not always easy, especially when you are a teenager. You may have different opinions, and small disagreements can quickly turn into big arguments. 1 . Here are some ways to help you communicate better with your parents. First, choose the right time to talk. 2 . If your parents are busy, tired, or in a bad mood, they are less likely to listen carefully. Wait for a calm moment, like after dinner or on the weekend. Second, use “I” statements instead of “you” statements. 3 . For example, instead of saying “You never listen to me,” try saying “I feel hurt when I am not heard.” Third, listen as much as you speak. 4 . Sometimes, your parents are not just telling you what to do — they are sharing their own worries and experiences. Try to understand their side. Fourth, stay calm, even when you disagree. 5 . Take a deep breath before you reply. If you feel the conversation is getting too heated, it is OK to take a short break and continue later. A．Don’t try to bring up a serious topic when your parents are busy. B．Many of us find it hard to talk to our parents. C．Shouting or getting angry only makes the problem worse. D．Good communication is a two-way street. E．Saying “you” often makes the other person feel attacked. F．Try to see things from your parents’ point of view. G．Parents usually have their own stories to share. 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了青少年与父母沟通存在困难的现状，并给出了选择合适沟通时机、使用正确表述方式、学会倾听、保持冷静等有效改善亲子沟通的方法。 1．B 上文“Communicating with parents is not always easy, especially when you are a teenager... small disagreements can quickly turn into big arguments.(青少年和父母沟通并不容易，小分歧很容易演变成激烈争吵)”点明亲子沟通的难题，B选项“Many of us find it hard to talk to our parents.(我们很多人都觉得和父母沟通很困难)”承接上文，对前文的沟通困境进行总结呼应；同时下文“Here are some ways to help you communicate better with your parents.(这里有一些帮助你更好地和父母沟通的方法)”顺势引出解决办法，起到承上启下的作用。 2．A 本段核心主旨是选择合适的沟通时机，下文“If your parents are busy, tired, or in a bad mood, they are less likely to listen carefully.(如果父母忙碌、疲惫或心情不好，就很难认真倾听)”点明了不合适的沟通场景。A选项“Don’t try to bring up a serious topic when your parents are busy.(不要在父母忙碌的时候提出严肃的话题)”贴合段落主旨，具体阐释了何为错误的沟通时机，与下文负面场景描述相呼应。 3．E 本段主题是沟通时用“我”句式替代“你”句式，下文“For example, instead of saying“You never listen to me,” try saying“I feel hurt when I am not heard.”(比如说，不要说“你从来都不听我的话”，试着换成“没人听我说话的时候，我会觉得很难过”)”举例对比了两种句式的不同表达效果。E选项“Saying “you” often makes the other person feel attacked.(使用“你”字句式往往会让对方感觉受到指责)”承接段落主题，解释了不建议使用“你”句式的原因，为后文的句式举例对比做铺垫。 4．F 上文“Third, listen as much as you speak.(第三，倾听和表达同样重要)”提出听与说同等主要，下文“Sometimes, your parents are not just telling you what to do — they are sharing their own worries and experiences. Try to understand their side.(有时候父母不只是在告诉你该做什么，他们也在倾诉自己的烦恼与过往经历。试着站在他们的角度去理解)”呼吁站在父母的角度去理解他们——他们也需要倾诉，F选项“Try to see things from your parents’ point of view.(试着从父母的角度看问题)”既贴合“听”也呼应下文“Try to understand their side.”。 5．C 本段主旨是意见不合时也要保持冷静，下文“Take a deep breath before you reply. If you feel the conversation is getting too heated, it is OK to take a short break and continue later.(回复之前先深呼吸。如果你感觉谈话气氛变得过于激烈，不妨短暂暂停，稍后再继续沟通)”介绍了保持冷静的具体做法。C选项“Shouting or getting angry only makes the problem worse.(大喊大叫、发脾气只会让问题更糟)”从反面论证了保持冷静的必要性，与后文平复情绪、缓和沟通氛围的做法形成正反补充。 八、阅读理解 （2025·全国一卷）Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 1．How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A．By quoting an expert. B．By defining a concept. C．By giving examples. D．By providing statistics. 2．What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A．The hardness of water. B．The length of cooling time. C．The frequency of filtering. D．The type of plastic in water. 3．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A．The importance of plastic recycling. B．The severity of the microplastic problem. C．The danger in overusing pure water. D．The difficulty in treating polluted water. 4．What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A．Choice of new research methods. B．Possible direction for further study. C．Need to involve more researchers. D．Potential application of the findings. 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 1．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. (微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类体内)”可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。 2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. (至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。 3．B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. (尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。 4．D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” (苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不错。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料”)”可推知，Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用，即升级饮用水处理厂。 九、完形填空 （2023·新课标II卷）In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 . They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy, and 3 wanted to take her with them. It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 6 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 7 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 11 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 12 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 13 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 14 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 15 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 1．A．turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 2．A．food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation 3．A．desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally 4．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 5．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 6．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 7．A．confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious 8．A．hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 9．A．coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor 10．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 11．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 12．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 13．A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 14．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 15．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 1．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。 2．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。 3．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。 4．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。 5．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。 6．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。 7． B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。 8．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。 9．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。 10．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. speed up加速；B. work out进展顺利；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会进展顺利，对他来说很难。 11．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。 12．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。 13．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。 14．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。 15．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文 1．set off/set out/start off/start out 2．invite you to my home for dinner 3．feel uncomfortable in that situation 4．only if… 5．no way 6．broaden one’s/the mind 7．support your opinion 8．environmental protection 9．want more out of life 10．at that time 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. impression 2. represent 3. tore 4. lantern 5. riddles 6. identity 7. previous 8. ceremony 9. fortune 10. income 三、单句语法填空 1. have been selected 2. biting 3. convenient 4. sort/should sort 5. off 6. to settle 7. to 8. a 9. informal 10. retired 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. held back his tears 2. selected by the child 3. for the great contribution to his country 4. If it is convenient for you 5. settle in 6. couldn’t be happier 7. On/Upon finishing 8. How valuable/precious 9. just relying on our parents 10. was biting his lip 五、语法填空 【文章大意】本文讲述了爷爷和爸爸下棋时儿子失望归来，父子因儿子想搞音乐而非当律师争执。爷爷以爸爸年轻时的经历劝解，建议男孩兼顾学业与音乐，给自己留两条出路。 1．were playing 考查时态。句意：一天，祖父和父亲正在下棋，儿子回来时脸上带着失望的表情。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when…，此处发生在过去用过去进行时，主语为Grandfather and Father，谓语用复数。 2．disappointed 考查形容词。句意：一天，祖父和父亲正在下棋，儿子回来时脸上带着失望的表情。修饰look，表示“感到失望的”用形容词disappointed。 3．a 考查冠词。句意：看到这一幕，父亲便和男孩谈了起来。短语have a conversation with表示“和……交谈”。 4．which 考查定语从句。句意：男孩并没有像父亲所期望的那样去上大学、当律师，而是只想专注于自己的乐队，在毕业之后从事音乐事业。引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面一整件事（上大学当律师这件事），关系代词用 which。 5．stepped 考查时态。句意：当他们争吵时，祖父上前劝说两人冷静下来。根据上文When they argued可知为一般过去时。 6．of 考查介词。句意：他提醒父亲回忆起父亲自己在儿子这个年纪时的经历。短语remind sb. of...表示“提醒某人某事”。 7．professional 考查形容词。句意：那时，父亲想成为一名职业足球运动员，但祖父希望他能成为工程师。修饰名词player用形容词professional。 8．to think 考查非谓语动词。句意：祖父建议父亲多思考，选择适合自己才能的主修专业。短语advise sb. to do sth.表示“建议某人做某事”。 9．jumping 考查非谓语动词。句意：同样地，祖父建议男孩先冷静下来，在贸然行动之前好好想想。作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。 10．options 考查名词的数。句意：他爷爷告诉他，如果他上大学的同时还玩音乐，将来就有两种选择。根据上文two可知用复数形式。 六、阅读理解 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了作者在肯尼亚童年时不理解母亲的慷慨好客，成年移居美国后深受影响并传承了这一美德。 1．B 细节理解题。根据第一段中“If visitors arrived during lunch or dinner, she would invite them to eat with us, which meant less food for the family.(如果访客在午餐或晚餐时间到来，母亲会邀请他们一起吃饭，这意味着家里的食物会变少)”可知，作者小时候不喜欢不速之客是因为家人不得不与他们分享食物。 2．D 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Even when I struggled myself, I still tried to help relatives, friends, and even strangers. If unexpected visitors came to my house one day, I would warmly offer them tea and food, just as my mother always did.(即便我自己过得很艰难，我仍然尽力帮助亲戚、朋友，甚至陌生人。如果有一天有不速之客来我家，我会像妈妈一样热情地给他们提供茶和食物)”可知，作者移居美国后对他人十分友善。 3．C 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Wanting to understand the source of her kindness, I asked my mother about it.(为了弄懂母亲善良品质的源头，我问了她相关问题)”可知，作者询问母亲是为了了解这种善行的起源。 4．A 推理判断题。根据第一段中“As children, we felt unhappy and sometimes even complained about it.(孩提时代，我们对此感到不开心，有时甚至会抱怨)”以及最后一段“Today, I fully understand her actions and remain deeply grateful for the compassion (同情) she planted in me.(今天，我完全理解她的行为，并对她在我心中播下的同情深表感激)”可知，作者的态度经历了从最初的不理解、抱怨到后来珍视、感激的转变。 七、七选五 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了青少年与父母沟通存在困难的现状，并给出了选择合适沟通时机、使用正确表述方式、学会倾听、保持冷静等有效改善亲子沟通的方法。 1．B 上文“Communicating with parents is not always easy, especially when you are a teenager... small disagreements can quickly turn into big arguments.(青少年和父母沟通并不容易，小分歧很容易演变成激烈争吵)”点明亲子沟通的难题，B选项“Many of us find it hard to talk to our parents.(我们很多人都觉得和父母沟通很困难)”承接上文，对前文的沟通困境进行总结呼应；同时下文“Here are some ways to help you communicate better with your parents.(这里有一些帮助你更好地和父母沟通的方法)”顺势引出解决办法，起到承上启下的作用。 2．A 本段核心主旨是选择合适的沟通时机，下文“If your parents are busy, tired, or in a bad mood, they are less likely to listen carefully.(如果父母忙碌、疲惫或心情不好，就很难认真倾听)”点明了不合适的沟通场景。A选项“Don’t try to bring up a serious topic when your parents are busy.(不要在父母忙碌的时候提出严肃的话题)”贴合段落主旨，具体阐释了何为错误的沟通时机，与下文负面场景描述相呼应。 3．E 本段主题是沟通时用“我”句式替代“你”句式，下文“For example, instead of saying“You never listen to me,” try saying“I feel hurt when I am not heard.”(比如说，不要说“你从来都不听我的话”，试着换成“没人听我说话的时候，我会觉得很难过”)”举例对比了两种句式的不同表达效果。E选项“Saying “you” often makes the other person feel attacked.(使用“你”字句式往往会让对方感觉受到指责)”承接段落主题，解释了不建议使用“你”句式的原因，为后文的句式举例对比做铺垫。 4．F 上文“Third, listen as much as you speak.(第三，倾听和表达同样重要)”提出听与说同等主要，下文“Sometimes, your parents are not just telling you what to do — they are sharing their own worries and experiences. Try to understand their side.(有时候父母不只是在告诉你该做什么，他们也在倾诉自己的烦恼与过往经历。试着站在他们的角度去理解)”呼吁站在父母的角度去理解他们——他们也需要倾诉，F选项“Try to see things from your parents’ point of view.(试着从父母的角度看问题)”既贴合“听”也呼应下文“Try to understand their side.”。 5．C 本段主旨是意见不合时也要保持冷静，下文“Take a deep breath before you reply. If you feel the conversation is getting too heated, it is OK to take a short break and continue later.(回复之前先深呼吸。如果你感觉谈话气氛变得过于激烈，不妨短暂暂停，稍后再继续沟通)”介绍了保持冷静的具体做法。C选项“Shouting or getting angry only makes the problem worse.(大喊大叫、发脾气只会让问题更糟)”从反面论证了保持冷静的必要性，与后文平复情绪、缓和沟通氛围的做法形成正反补充。 八、阅读理解 【文章大意】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于减少自来水中微塑料污染的新研究。微塑料污染已遍及全球，甚至进入人体。中国研究人员发现，将自来水煮沸五分钟并冷却后过滤可能会显著降低自来水中的微塑料含量。研究虽未涵盖所有塑料类型和化学物质，但揭示了一种潜在解决方案。苏格兰环境工程师指出，该研究展示了煮沸法的有效性，并建议升级饮用水处理厂以推广应用。 1．C 推理判断题。根据文章第一段中“Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. (微塑料已经成为地球上常见的污染源——它们出现在深海和喜马拉雅山上，被困在火山岩中，填满海鸟的胃，甚至落在南极的新雪中。它们甚至出现了在人类体内)”可推知，作者通过举例提出微塑料污染的问题。 2．A 细节理解题。根据文章第三段中“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. (至关重要的是，这一过程依赖于含有足够碳酸钙的水来截留塑料。在这项研究中，将含有300毫克碳酸钙的硬水煮沸后，塑料含量下降了近90%。但在碳酸钙含量低于60毫克的样品中，煮沸只降低了25%的塑料含量)”可知，决定在水中截留微塑料的有效性的是水的硬度。 3．B 推理判断题。根据文章第四段中“Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. (尽管如此，研究结果显示了减少微塑料接触的潜在途径——这一任务正变得越来越困难。今年早些时候，科学家们发现，即使是瓶装水，其微塑料含量也比原先想象的高出10到1000倍。)”可推断，作者提到瓶装水是为了说明微塑料污染的严重性。 4．D 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中““The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” (苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究，她告诉《新科学家》杂志：“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被截留的方式很不错。”“我们应该考虑升级饮用水处理厂，以便它们能去除微塑料”)”可推知，Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay的建议是关于这项研究结果的潜在应用，即升级饮用水处理厂。 九、完形填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者通过Pilots N Paws网站帮助一家搬家的人将他们的狗接到另一个城市的过程。作者和另一位飞行员一起完成了这次任务，最终成功将这只狗带回到了它的主人身边。 1．B 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们不得不搬到弗吉尼亚，但他们的预算非常紧张。A. turn转折点；B. budget预算；C. schedule时间表；D. connection联系。根据“They could not afford to pay for ___2___ for their dog, Tiffy,”可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张。 2．D 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。A. food食物；B. shelter庇护；C. medicine药；D. transportation交通。根据“They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight ___1___ .”及下文可知，这个家庭的预算非常紧张，所以付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费。 3．A 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们付不起他们的狗Tiffy的交通费，又非常想带她一起走。 A. desperately非常、拼命地；B. temporarily暂时地；C. secretly秘密地；D. originally起初。根据“wanted to take her with them.”可知，这家人非常想把狗一起带走。= 4．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. appeared出现；B. proved证明；C. happened碰巧；D. showed展示。根据“I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen,”可知，碰巧的是作者和另一名飞行员正在计划另一次PNP飞行。 5．B 考查动词词义辨析。句意：碰巧我和另一名飞行员Karen正在计划另一次PNP飞行，他主动提出要把Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。A. waited等待；B. offered提供、主动提出；C. hurried匆忙；D. failed失败。根据“to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen主动提出帮忙把狗Tiffy从堪萨斯城带到弗吉尼亚。 6．D 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我要做的就是飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。A. see off为……送行；B. look for寻找；C. hand over移交；D. pick up接载。根据“What I was to do was fly to Topeka”和常识可知，作者需要飞到托皮卡去接Tiffy。 7． B考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我见到Tiffy的主人时，他们看起来很紧张。A. confused困惑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. annoyed恼怒的；D. curious好奇的。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him, having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可知，这家人看起来有点紧张和不安。 8．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. hard困难的；B. fine好的；C. common常见的；D. lucky幸运的。根据上文“was trying to be calm”以及下文“having to leave his dog to a ___9___ and trust that everything would ___10___ .”可推知，此处指把狗留给一个陌生人对主人来说很难。 9．C 考查名词词义辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. coworker合作者；B. passenger乘客；C. stranger陌生人；D. neighbor邻居。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，要把狗留给一个陌生人。 10．B 考查动词短语辨析。句意：丈夫George试着冷静下来，但我看得出来，这对他来说很难，他不得不把狗留给一个陌生人，并相信一切都会进展顺利。A. speed up加速；B. work out进展顺利；C. come back回来；D. take off起飞。根据“George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was ___8___ for him,”可知，让狗的主人George相信一个陌生人一切都会进展顺利，对他来说很难。 11．D 考查动词词义辨析。句意：道别之后，我让George和他的妻子帮我把Tiffy送上飞机。A. feed喂养；B. follow跟随；C. change改变；D. load装载。load into装入。根据“Tiffy into the plane.”可知，作者让George和他的妻子帮忙把Tiffy装入飞机。 12．A 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我答应过会照顾好Tiffy，一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。A. call打电话；B. join加入；C. leave离开；D. serve服务。根据“as soon as we got to Kansas City.”可知，作者承诺一到堪萨斯城就给他们打电话。 13．D 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次飞行平安无事，Tiffy是个很棒的乘客。A. unnecessary没有必要的；B. unexpected意想不到的；C. unavoidable不可避免的；D. uneventful太平无事的。根据“and Tiffy was a great passenger.”可知，这次飞行一切都平安无事。 14．C 考查动词词义辨析。句意：第二天，她和Karen一起坐飞机，几天后就回到了弗吉尼亚州的George那里。 A. returned返回；B. fought打仗；C. flew飞；D. agreed同意。根据“It just ___4___ that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who ___5___ to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia.”可知，Karen带狗Tiffy飞往弗吉尼亚州。 15．A 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他非常感激，给我发了一封很漂亮的电子邮件，并附上了照片。A. thankful感激的；B. generous慷慨的；C. proud骄傲的；D. sympathetic同情的。通读全文，再根据“and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures.”可推知，此处指对于作者的帮忙，George非常感激。 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 4 Extended reading-Assessment 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文 1．出发 ________________ 2．邀请你到我家吃饭 ________________ 3．在那种情况下感到不舒服 ________________ 4．只有在……情况下 ________________ 5．没门，不可能 ________________ 6．拓宽思维 ________________ 7．支持你的观点 ________________ 8．环境保护 ________________ 9．想从生活中得到更多 ________________ 10．在那个时候 ________________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．My English teacher can speak fluent English, whose first class made a deep ________(印象) on us. 2．These 100 flags ____________ (代表) 100 countries. 3．She was so angry that she t_________ the paper into pieces. 4．A Chinese l____________ is a small box made of thin paper that you put a light inside as a decoration. 5．Boys prefer reading detective stories because they want to solve the r________ with logic. 6．He showed his i______ card and went in. 7．She has a daughter from a__________(先前的)marriage. 8．He left halfway through the __________________ (仪式). 9．With a personal __________ (财富) of six million pounds, she certainly doesn’t work out of necessity. 10．The company has an ________(收入) of $1 billion a year. 三、单句语法填空 1．Hundreds of athletes (select) from all over the world in the past two months. 2．The little girl, (bite) gently into the warm homemade apple pie, kept telling her grandma how sweet and tasty the delicious dessert really was. 3．Compared with traditional books, e-books are more (convenience) for students. 4．She insists that all neighbors (sort) their garbage properly to protect the environment. 5．In some cities, it is not allowed to set fireworks because they might cause accidents. 6．With lots of difficult problems (settle), the new manager worked far into night. 7．It is recently reported that the number of those sticking a traditional diet is slowly declining. 8．Hit by lack of fresh air, my head ached. 9．It’s quite a(n) (formal) party; you needn’t dress up for it. 10．The (retire) man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．在向学校告别时，他强忍泪水。 He __________________ while saying goodbye to his school. 2．A single sugary treat, __________________, was placed on a table. 一个由孩子选择的单一含糖食品被放在桌子上。 3．袁隆平因为对国家的贡献而受到尊重。 Yuan Longping was honoured __________________. 4．如果你方便的话，我明天下午想要去拜访你。 __________________, I’d like to visit you tomorrow afternoon. 5．许多新移民都希望能在加拿大永久定居并成为加拿大公民。 Many new arrivals expressed their intention to __________________Canada permanently and become Canadian citizens. 6．的确，全家人在一起再幸福不过了。 Indeed, the whole family __________________to be together. 7．一完成学业，他就开始在中国旅行。 __________________his studies, he started travelling in China. 8．健康生活方式是多么宝贵啊！ __________________ the healthy lifestyle is! 9．我们应该尝试独立地解决我们遇到的问题而不只是依靠父母。 We should try to settle problems (that/which) we meet independently instead of ________________. 10．他一边看着窗外, 一边咬着嘴唇, 仿佛在思考。 He__________________ as he looked out the window, as if thinking. 【答案】 五、语法填空 One day, Grandfather and Father 1 (play) chess when Son came back with a 2 (disappoint) look. Seeing this, the father had 3 conversation with the boy. Instead of going to college and becoming a lawyer, 4 had been expected by his father, the boy just wanted to focus on his band and have a career in music after he left school. Actually, the boy wasn’t interested in law at all. When they argued, the grandfather 5 (step) in and told both of them to calm down. He reminded the father 6 his own experience when he was at his son’s age. Then, the father wanted to be a 7 (profession) football player but the grandfather hoped he could become an engineer. Grandfather advised the father 8 (think) more and choose the major that suited his talents. At last, the father took the advice and chose to study law in college. In the same way, the grandfather suggested the boy should calm down and think twice before 9 (jump) in with both feet. His grandfather told him that if he goes to university and plays music at the same time, he will have two 10 (option) for his future. 六、阅读理解 Bertha Ngumbi, my mother, is one of the kindest women I know. However, when I was a child growing up in Kenya with my four siblings (兄弟姐妹), her kindness often annoyed us. Whenever visitors came to our home, whether relatives or strangers, expected or not, my mother would ask us to prepare and serve them black tea. If visitors arrived during lunch or dinner, she would invite them to eat with us, which meant less food for the family. As children, we felt unhappy and sometimes even complained about it. My sister Faith especially disliked those moments when we had little firewood or when the wood was wet from rain, because making tea became difficult. My sisters and I even believed that some people took advantage of our mother’s generosity by appearing at mealtime. Years later, after moving to the United States to live and teach, I began to see things differently. My mother’s kindness had deeply influenced me. Even when I struggled myself, I still tried to help relatives, friends, and even strangers. If unexpected visitors came to my house one day, I would warmly offer them tea and food, just as my mother always did. Wanting to understand the source of her kindness, I asked my mother about it. She explained that she had learned it from her own mother, my grandmother. Growing up in a large family with eight siblings, my mother often returned home from school to discover that some of their lunch had been given away to hungry travelers. Although the children were upset at times, their mother continued helping others whenever she could. When I asked my mother whether she would have changed if she had known we disliked her generosity, she answered firmly that she would never stop helping people. Today, I fully understand her actions and remain deeply grateful for the compassion (同情) she planted in me. 1．Why did the author dislike unexpected visitors when she was young? A．They interrupted family activities. B．Her family had to share meals with them. C．They always asked for more black tea. D．Her siblings needed to serve them food first. 2．What did the author do after moving to the US? A．She avoided bothering others. B．She lived a poor life for a long time. C．She kept complaining about her mother. D．She was friendly towards others. 3．Why did the author ask her mother about her kindness? A．To memorize her childhood. B．To express her gratitude. C．To understand its origin. D．To change her mother’s mind. 4．How did the author’s attitude to her mother’s kindness change over time? A．From not understanding it to valuing it. B．From seeing it as a shame to a road map. C．From supporting it to complaining about it. D．From taking it lightly to viewing it as a trouble. 七、七选五 Communicating with parents is not always easy, especially when you are a teenager. You may have different opinions, and small disagreements can quickly turn into big arguments. 1 . Here are some ways to help you communicate better with your parents. First, choose the right time to talk. 2 . If your parents are busy, tired, or in a bad mood, they are less likely to listen carefully. Wait for a calm moment, like after dinner or on the weekend. Second, use “I” statements instead of “you” statements. 3 . For example, instead of saying “You never listen to me,” try saying “I feel hurt when I am not heard.” Third, listen as much as you speak. 4 . Sometimes, your parents are not just telling you what to do — they are sharing their own worries and experiences. Try to understand their side. Fourth, stay calm, even when you disagree. 5 . Take a deep breath before you reply. If you feel the conversation is getting too heated, it is OK to take a short break and continue later. A．Don’t try to bring up a serious topic when your parents are busy. B．Many of us find it hard to talk to our parents. C．Shouting or getting angry only makes the problem worse. D．Good communication is a two-way street. E．Saying “you” often makes the other person feel attacked. F．Try to see things from your parents’ point of view. G．Parents usually have their own stories to share. 八、阅读理解 （2025·全国一卷）Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth — they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap (水龙头): boiling and filtering (过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes — then filtering it after it cools — could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate (碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn’t include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types — polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene — and they didn’t study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure — a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are — but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 1．How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A．By quoting an expert. B．By defining a concept. C．By giving examples. D．By providing statistics. 2．What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A．The hardness of water. B．The length of cooling time. C．The frequency of filtering. D．The type of plastic in water. 3．What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A．The importance of plastic recycling. B．The severity of the microplastic problem. C．The danger in overusing pure water. D．The difficulty in treating polluted water. 4．What is Gauchotte-Lindsay’s suggestion about? A．Choice of new research methods. B．Possible direction for further study. C．Need to involve more researchers. D．Potential application of the findings. 九、完形填空 （2023·新课标II卷）In April last year, I saw a post on the PNP (Pilots N Paws) website from a family in Topeka. They had to move to Virginia but they were on a very tight 1 . They could not afford to pay for 2 for their dog, Tiffy, and 3 wanted to take her with them. It just 4 that I was planning another PNP flight with another pilot, Karen, who 5 to take Tiffy from Kansas City to Virginia. What I was to do was fly to Topeka to 6 Tiffy. When I met Tiffy’s owners, they seemed very 7 . George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was 8 for him, having to leave his dog to a 9 and trust that everything would 10 . After some goodbyes, I asked George and his wife to help me 11 Tiffy into the plane. I promised to take care of Tiffy and 12 them as soon as we got to Kansas City. The flight was 13 , and Tiffy was a great passenger. The next day, she 14 with Karen and made it back to George in Virginia within a few days. He was so 15 and sent me a nice e-mail with pictures. It felt great to know that I had helped bring this family together again. 1．A．turn B．budget C．schedule D．connection 2．A．food B．shelter C．medicine D．transportation 3．A．desperately B．temporarily C．secretly D．originally 4．A．appeared B．proved C．happened D．showed 5．A．waited B．offered C．hurried D．failed 6．A．see off B．look for C．hand over D．pick up 7．A．confused B．nervous C．annoyed D．curious 8．A．hard B．fine C．common D．lucky 9．A．coworker B．passenger C．stranger D．neighbor 10．A．speed up B．work out C．come back D．take off 11．A．feed B．follow C．change D．load 12．A．call B．join C．leave D．serve 13．A．unnecessary B．unexpected C．unavoidable D．uneventful 14．A．returned B．fought C．flew D．agreed 15．A．thankful B．generous C．proud D．sympathetic 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $