Unit 3 My School单元核心语法与专项练习 2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

人教版英语·七年级上册　Unit 3　My School 单元核心语法与专项练习 人教版初中英语·七年级上册　同步教辅 Unit 3　My School 单元核心语法与专项练习 核心语法　there be 结构与方位介词 第一部分　语法精讲 一、there be 表示“某处有某物” 汉语说“学校有一个图书馆”，英语常用 there be 结构，把地点放在后面。 There is a library in our school. There are two dining halls in our school. 提醒　there be 强调“某处存在某物”，have 强调“某人拥有某物”。两者有时都能说，但本单元的重点是 there be。 二、be 动词跟谁一致：就近原则 there be 后面的 be 动词，看紧跟其后的那个名词。 句子 说明 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 最近的是 a book，用 is There are two pens and a book on the desk. 最近的是 two pens，用 are 提醒　几个名词并列时，be 动词与最近的一个保持一致，这叫“就近原则”。 三、否定与疑问 句式 例子 肯定句 There is a gym in our school. 否定句 There isn't a gym in our school. 一般疑问句 Is there a gym in our school? 简略回答 Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. Are there any lockers in your classroom? Yes, there are. 提醒　some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句和疑问句。回答 there be 的问句，仍用 there 开头。 四、方位介词 介词 意思 例子 in front of 在……前面 The library is in front of the classroom building. behind 在……后面 The gym is behind the dining hall. next to 紧邻；在……旁边 The office is next to the library. between ... and ... 在……和……之间 The student centre is between the hall and the gym. across from 在……对面 The teachers' building is across from the school hall. in the middle of 在……中间 There is a garden in the middle of the school. at the back of 在……后面 The lockers are at the back of the classroom. 五、三个容易错的地方 1. there be 与 have 别混 ×　There have a library in our school. √　There is a library in our school. 2. 并列名词看最近的一个 ×　There are a book and two pens on the desk. √　There is a book and two pens on the desk. 3. 疑问句里 some 要变 any ×　Are there some lockers in your classroom? √　Are there any lockers in your classroom? 六、做题时按三步走 第一步　看“有”的意思：某处存在某物用 there be，某人拥有某物用 have。 第二步　定 be 动词：单数或不可数用 is，复数用 are，并列时看最近的一个。 第三步　看句式：否定加 not，疑问把 be 提前，some 变 any。 试一道：There ______ (be) a map and two pictures on the wall. 最近的是 a map，用 is。 第二部分　专项练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．There ______________ (be) a library in our school. 2．There ______________ (be) two dining halls in our school. 3．______________ there a whiteboard in your classroom? 4．There ______________ (be) some lockers at the back of the classroom. 5．There ______________ (not be) a gym in our school. 6．Are there ______________ (some) trees in the school? 7．There ______________ (be) a teachers' building across from the hall. 8．There ______________ (be) many books in the library. 9．______________ (be) there any lockers in the classroom? 10．There ______________ (be) a map and two pictures on the wall. 11．There ______________ (be) two pictures and a map on the wall. 12．Our school ______________ (have) a big sports field. 13．There ______________ (be) a lot of students on the playground. 14．______________ (be) there a dining hall next to the gym? 15．There ______________ (not be) any computers in the old classroom. 16．My school ______________ (have) a new library. 17．There ______________ (be) some milk in the fridge. 18．How many classrooms ______________ (be) there in the building? 19．There ______________ (be) a lot of water in the bottle. 20．______________ (be) there any orange juice in the cup? 二、句型转换 按括号内的要求改写下列句子。 1．There is a library in our school.（改为否定句） 2．There are some lockers in the classroom.（改为一般疑问句） 3．The gym is behind the dining hall.（对划线部分提问） 4．There are twenty classrooms in the building.（对划线部分提问） 5．Our school has a big sports field.（改为同义句，用 there be） 6．There are two dining halls in our school.（改为单数句） 7．There isn't any water in the bottle.（改为肯定句） 8．The teachers' building is across from the school hall.（改为一般疑问句） 9．There are some trees in front of the building.（改为否定句） 10．The library is next to the office.（对划线部分提问） 三、句子翻译 将下列句子译成英语，注意 there be 的就近原则与方位介词。 1．我们学校有一个大操场。 2．图书馆在教学楼后面。 3．教室里有一些储物柜吗？ 4．餐厅在礼堂对面。 5．学校中间有一个花园。 6．你们学校有多少间教室？ 7．我的旧学校没有体育馆。 8．老师办公室在图书馆旁边。 9．桌子上有一本书和两支笔。 10．我们学校有一个学生中心。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to our school. It 1. ____________ (be) very big and beautiful. There 2. ____________ (be) a library in the middle of the school. There 3. ____________ (be) two dining halls next to it. The sports field 4. ____________ (be) behind the classroom building. There 5. ____________ (be) a gym across from the field. 6. ____________ (be) there any lockers in the classroom? Yes, there 7. ____________ (be). Our school 8. ____________ (have) a big hall too. We often have meetings there. There 9. ____________ (not be) any shops in our school, but there 10. ____________ (be) a small shop near the gate. — 1 — — 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版英语·七年级上册　Unit 3　My School 单元核心语法与专项练习（教师用） 人教版初中英语·七年级上册　同步教辅 Unit 3　My School 单元核心语法与专项练习 核心语法　there be 结构与方位介词 第一部分　语法精讲 一、there be 表示“某处有某物” 汉语说“学校有一个图书馆”，英语常用 there be 结构，把地点放在后面。 There is a library in our school. There are two dining halls in our school. 提醒　there be 强调“某处存在某物”，have 强调“某人拥有某物”。两者有时都能说，但本单元的重点是 there be。 二、be 动词跟谁一致：就近原则 there be 后面的 be 动词，看紧跟其后的那个名词。 句子 说明 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 最近的是 a book，用 is There are two pens and a book on the desk. 最近的是 two pens，用 are 提醒　几个名词并列时，be 动词与最近的一个保持一致，这叫“就近原则”。 三、否定与疑问 句式 例子 肯定句 There is a gym in our school. 否定句 There isn't a gym in our school. 一般疑问句 Is there a gym in our school? 简略回答 Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. Are there any lockers in your classroom? Yes, there are. 提醒　some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句和疑问句。回答 there be 的问句，仍用 there 开头。 四、方位介词 介词 意思 例子 in front of 在……前面 The library is in front of the classroom building. behind 在……后面 The gym is behind the dining hall. next to 紧邻；在……旁边 The office is next to the library. between ... and ... 在……和……之间 The student centre is between the hall and the gym. across from 在……对面 The teachers' building is across from the school hall. in the middle of 在……中间 There is a garden in the middle of the school. at the back of 在……后面 The lockers are at the back of the classroom. 五、三个容易错的地方 1. there be 与 have 别混 ×　There have a library in our school. √　There is a library in our school. 2. 并列名词看最近的一个 ×　There are a book and two pens on the desk. √　There is a book and two pens on the desk. 3. 疑问句里 some 要变 any ×　Are there some lockers in your classroom? √　Are there any lockers in your classroom? 六、做题时按三步走 第一步　看“有”的意思：某处存在某物用 there be，某人拥有某物用 have。 第二步　定 be 动词：单数或不可数用 is，复数用 are，并列时看最近的一个。 第三步　看句式：否定加 not，疑问把 be 提前，some 变 any。 试一道：There ______ (be) a map and two pictures on the wall. 最近的是 a map，用 is。 第二部分　专项练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 1．There is (be) a library in our school. 2．There are (be) two dining halls in our school. 3．Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? 4．There are (be) some lockers at the back of the classroom. 5．There isn't (not be) a gym in our school. 6．Are there any (some) trees in the school? 7．There is (be) a teachers' building across from the hall. 8．There are (be) many books in the library. 9．Are (be) there any lockers in the classroom? 10．There is (be) a map and two pictures on the wall. 11．There are (be) two pictures and a map on the wall. 12．Our school has (have) a big sports field. 13．There are (be) a lot of students on the playground. 14．Is (be) there a dining hall next to the gym? 15．There aren't (not be) any computers in the old classroom. 16．My school has (have) a new library. 17．There is (be) some milk in the fridge. 18．How many classrooms are (be) there in the building? 19．There is (be) a lot of water in the bottle. 20．Is (be) there any orange juice in the cup? 答案与解析 第 1 题　a library 是单数，用 is。 第 2 题　two dining halls 是复数。 第 3 题　a whiteboard 是单数，疑问提前。 第 4 题　lockers 是复数。 第 5 题　单数否定用 isn't。 第 6 题　疑问句中 some 变 any。 第 7 题　a building 是单数。 第 8 题　many books 是复数。 第 9 题　lockers 是复数，用 Are。 第 10 题　就近原则，最近的是 a map。 第 11 题　最近的是 two pictures。 第 12 题　主语 our school 是三单。 第 13 题　students 是复数。 第 14 题　a dining hall 是单数。 第 15 题　computers 是复数，否定用 aren't。 第 16 题　三单用 has。 第 17 题　milk 是不可数名词，用 is。 第 18 题　classrooms 是复数。 第 19 题　water 不可数，用 is。 第 20 题　juice 不可数，用 Is。 二、句型转换 按括号内的要求改写下列句子。 1．There is a library in our school.（改为否定句） 【答案】 There isn't a library in our school. 【解析】 is 后加 not。 2．There are some lockers in the classroom.（改为一般疑问句） 【答案】 Are there any lockers in the classroom? 【解析】 are 提前，some 变 any。 3．The gym is behind the dining hall.（对划线部分提问） 【答案】 Where is the gym? 【解析】 问地点用 Where。 4．There are twenty classrooms in the building.（对划线部分提问） 【答案】 How many classrooms are there in the building? 【解析】 问数量用 How many。 5．Our school has a big sports field.（改为同义句，用 there be） 【答案】 There is a big sports field in our school. 【解析】 has 换成 there is。 6．There are two dining halls in our school.（改为单数句） 【答案】 There is a dining hall in our school. 【解析】 are 变 is，halls 变 hall。 7．There isn't any water in the bottle.（改为肯定句） 【答案】 There is some water in the bottle. 【解析】 否定变肯定，any 变 some。 8．The teachers' building is across from the school hall.（改为一般疑问句） 【答案】 Is the teachers' building across from the school hall? 【解析】 is 提到句首。 9．There are some trees in front of the building.（改为否定句） 【答案】 There aren't any trees in front of the building. 【解析】 are 后加 not，some 变 any。 10．The library is next to the office.（对划线部分提问） 【答案】 Where is the library? 【解析】 问地点用 Where。 三、句子翻译 将下列句子译成英语，注意 there be 的就近原则与方位介词。 1．我们学校有一个大操场。 【答案】 There is a big sports field in our school. 【解析】 单数名词用 there is。 2．图书馆在教学楼后面。 【答案】 The library is behind the classroom building. 【解析】 behind 表示“在……后面”。 3．教室里有一些储物柜吗？ 【答案】 Are there any lockers in the classroom? 【解析】 复数疑问用 Are there，some 变 any。 4．餐厅在礼堂对面。 【答案】 The dining hall is across from the school hall. 【解析】 across from 表示“在……对面”。 5．学校中间有一个花园。 【答案】 There is a garden in the middle of the school. 【解析】 in the middle of 表示“在……中间”。 6．你们学校有多少间教室？ 【答案】 How many classrooms are there in your school? 【解析】 How many 后接可数名词复数。 7．我的旧学校没有体育馆。 【答案】 There isn't a gym in my old school. 【解析】 单数否定用 isn't。 8．老师办公室在图书馆旁边。 【答案】 The teachers' office is next to the library. 【解析】 next to 表示“紧邻”。 9．桌子上有一本书和两支笔。 【答案】 There is a book and two pens on the desk. 【解析】 就近原则，最近的是 a book。 10．我们学校有一个学生中心。 【答案】 There is a student centre in our school. 【解析】 单数名词用 there is。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Welcome to our school. It 1. is (be) very big and beautiful. There 2. is (be) a library in the middle of the school. There 3. are (be) two dining halls next to it. The sports field 4. is (be) behind the classroom building. There 5. is (be) a gym across from the field. 6. Are (be) there any lockers in the classroom? Yes, there 7. are (be). Our school 8. has (have) a big hall too. We often have meetings there. There 9. aren't (not be) any shops in our school, but there 10. is (be) a small shop near the gate. 答案与解析 第 1 题　is　it 指学校，是单数。 第 2 题　is　a library 是单数。 第 3 题　are　two dining halls 是复数。 第 4 题　is　the sports field 是单数。 第 5 题　is　a gym 是单数。 第 6 题　Are　lockers 是复数，疑问提前。 第 7 题　are　答语与问句一致，用 are。 第 8 题　has　our school 是三单。 第 9 题　aren't　shops 是复数，否定用 aren't。 第 10 题　is　a small shop 是单数。 附：考点分布 题型 题量 主要考点 一、适当形式填空 20 there be 的主谓一致；some / any；has 与 there be 的对比 二、句型转换 10 否定句、一般疑问句、划线提问、there be 与 have 互换 三、句子翻译 10 校园场所描述与方位介词 四、语法填空 10 语篇中的 there be 与介词 — 1 — — 1 — 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $