精品解析：广东深圳市观澜二中教育集团2026-2027学年第一学期阶段学情自测试卷八年级英语

观澜二中教育集团2026-2027学年第一学期期中测试试卷 八年级英语 说明： 1. 全卷共46题，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 2. 答题前，请检查试卷和答题卡是否完整无破损；然后将考生信息用规定的笔填涂在答题卡的指定位置。 3. 答题时将答案写在答题卡的指定位置；不得使用涂改液。 4. 保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只上交答题卡。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） I. 完形填空（满分10分） A long time ago, there lived a king. Every year, he would spend a lot of money building his palace. One day, the king had a new ____1____ and he said to his men, “This year, I will build the best ____2____ in the world. It should be praised (称赞) within my kingdom, and by the people of neighboring states. ” After ____3____ his palace, the king invited noblemen (贵族) from his country, as well as from neighboring states to come. And he asked them to give their ____4____ about the palace. “Unbelievable! It is the most beautiful palace.” the noblemen said. But one man who looked young stood in the corner. He ____5____ said anything. The king wanted to know why the man was ____6____ when someone else was praising his palace. He walked up to the man and asked, “Hello, young man. You kept silent. Is there anything wrong with my palace?” The man smiled and replied in a calm voice, “Your Majesty! Your palace is strong and will last hundreds of years or even ____7____. It is beautiful but not perfect. Many of your people are still living a ____8____ life, though your palace looks wonderful. ____9____ that, I choose to keep silent. ” The king listened to the young man’s opinion quietly. Then he ____10____ the wise man for his honest words and said he would never try to rebuild his palace again. Instead, he used the money to help the people in need. 1. A. plan B. choice C. challenge D. suggestion 2. A. house B. garden C. castle D. palace 3. A. creating B. building C. inventing D. operating 4. A. advice B. words C. opinions D. worries 5. A. hardly B. seldom C. usually D. always 6. A. sad B. quiet C. noisy D. intelligent 7. A. stronger B. taller C. longer D. wider 8. A. hard B. comfortable C. happy D. tiny 9. A. Rather than B. In place of C. Instead of D. Because of 10. A. refused B. thanked C. asked D. punished Ⅱ. 阅读理解（满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains a variety of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 11. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 12. Medical encyclopedias are for the follow EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 13. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia encyclopedias. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 14. The underlined word “covers” mean “________” in English. A. includes B. opens C. turns D. finds 15. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. B How would you solve Maths problems if you didn’t have a calculator or a computer? For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called “abacus”. In Chinese, it is known as “suanpan”. An abacus has a rectangular (长方形的) wooden frame. It is divided into the upper part and the lower part by a horizontal (水平的) stick. A series of cross rods (棍子) extend from the top to the bottom of the frame (框架) . Each rod has seven sliding beads (滑动的珠子) , with two in the upper part and five in the lower part. Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds. This pattern continues. A traditional abacus with 13 rods can represent very large numbers. Besides counting, a Chinese abacus can also be used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It helped ancient Chinese people solve all kinds of Maths problems they met in their daily life. The Chinese abacus used to be the simplest calculating device for people in all trades in ancient China. A mathematician (数学家) , Xu Yue at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty first invented it. A famous mathematician, Cheng Dawei in Ming Dynasty made it popular. To make people understand and use it easily, he also published a book called Suanfa Tong Zong. And this device has been equally famous to the “Four Great Inventions in Ancient China”. Today, people in Asia and Africa still often use it in daily life. 16. What did ancient people use to solve Maths problems? A. Calculators. B. Computers. C. Abacuses. D. Nothing. 17. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to “_________”. A. Maths B. problem C. wood D. frame 18. What number does the picture show according to the abacus? A. One, four and seven. B. Six, four and seven. C. Six hundred and forty-seven. D. One hundred and forty-two. 19. The last paragraph mainly tells us _________. A. how to use the abacus B. the history of the abacus C. what an abacus can do D. the usage of the abacus 20. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. C In a museum in Central China, visitors stop in front of a large screen. They are not just looking at a picture. They are talking with an ancient woman who lived more than 2,000 years ago. How is this possible? The answer is AI (人工智能). Scientists used AI to study old bones, historical books, and artworks. They created a lifelike (逼真的) digital image (形象) of Xin Zhui, a famous lady from the Han Dynasty. ▲ But the AI does more than just show her face. It can answer visitors’ questions, blink (眨眼), and even smile. This is not the first time AI has helped “bring back” historical people. In other places, AI has been used to make Confucius “talk” about his ideas, and to let a famous painter “introduce” his own paintings. By learning from thousands of texts and pictures, the AI models can imitate the person’s look, voice and way of speaking. However, some people have worries. They think that AI might sometimes get the facts wrong. For example, if the information given to the AI is not correct, the AI might say something that is not true about history. Also, some visitors feel a little scared when talking to a “dead” person on screen. Museum workers say they are careful with the information they put into the AI. They only use history books and real relics (遗物) as sources. They believe this technology helps young people become more interested in history. “When you can ‘talk’ to someone from the past, history becomes real and fun,” one worker said. 21. Which of the following can be put back into the blank “▲” in Paragraph 2? A. Visitors are not allowed to take photos. B. It feels just like talking to a real person. C. Xin Zhui was a famous scientist in history. D. The museum is very crowded on weekends. 22. What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. copy B. draw C. change D. forget 23. What is one reason that some people worry about this AI technology? A. It costs too much money. B. It makes museums too noisy. C. It might tell false historical facts. D. It only works for famous painters. 24. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. Young people no longer like visiting museums. B. Museum workers will stop using AI in the future. C. History books are usually full of mistakes. D. The technology is useful in making history fun. 25. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Life of Xin Zhui in Han Dynasty B. How to Build a Museum with AI C. AI Brings History to “Life” D. Why Old Bones Are Important 第二节 短文填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从短文下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 In recent years, many young people in China have made cool inventions to fix daily problems. ___26___ These inventions show their good ideas and care for others. Zhang Wei, a 16-year-old student, invented a special backpack for students. ___27___ It has a sunlight-powered part on the back, which can charge phones. It also has a cover to keep rain off books. This backpack is very popular with students. Li Na invented a smart flower pot. ___28___ It can tell people to water flowers when the soil is dry. It also changes the temperature with the weather. Her invention helps busy people keep plants alive easily. Wang Tao made a reusable shopping bag. ___29___ It’s made of recycled cloth and can be folded into a small size. It can hold many things and is very strong. This bag helps cut down plastic waste. These young inventors make us want to try, too. ___30___ We should look at the problems around us and use our ideas to fix them. A. It’s not just a common backpack. B. They show that age isn’t a problem for making inventions. C. It’s very expensive and beautiful. D. Many of their inventions make life more convenient. E. It has a small part that can feel things inside. F. He got the idea from his own life. 第三节 信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 为帮助同学们增长百科知识，学校组织了“百科探秘”主题活动。同学们讲述了自己感兴趣的话题，请你根据每个人的情况为他们匹配百科知识。 ____31____ Sara loves studying Chinese geography. She would like to learn about the country’s important rivers. ____32____ Ford is interested in modern engineering achievements. He wants to learn about China’s aviation (航空) progress. ____33____ When Chris studied in London as an exchange student, she often passed by an old and famous tower and wants to learn more about it. ____34____ Simon enjoys learning about animals with unusual body features. He wants to know how a tall animal rests and drinks without bending (弯腰) often. ____35____ Tim is working on a project about the world’s seven continents. This week, he plans to study the coldest and driest one, where no river can be found. A. Big Ben is a famous clock tower in London and a traditional landmark of the city. It has helped keep London on time for over 160 years. B. C919 is China’s first large passenger airplane. It was developed by Chinese engineers and scientists. It marks a big step forward in China’s aviation industry. C. Giraffes are interesting animals that sleep standing up. And they only drink water every few days because most of the water they need comes from the plants they eat. D. Antarctica (南极洲) is the only continent (洲) on Earth that has no rivers. The lowest temperature ever recorded there is -89.2℃, making it the coldest place in the world. E. The Yellow River is known as the mother river of China. It is the second longest river in the country. It starts from the Bayankala Mountains and finally runs into the Bohai Sea. F. The Great Wall is a famous ancient landmark in China. It runs over mountains for thousands of kilometres. It shows the wisdom of ancient Chinese people. It is one of the world’s greatest wonders. 第II卷（非选择题） Ⅲ. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. Their wings are ____36____ (color) and they have fantastic flying skills. But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? In the ____37____ (begin), a mother butterfly lays a small egg on a leaf of a plant. It’s surprising that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called a “caterpillar”. It now ____38____ (have) legs, eyes and a large body. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But ____39____ (lucky), it is still not a butterfly. After growing big, the caterpillar covers itself in a nice protective blanket. This stage is known ____40____ the “pupa stage”. Some scientists say this is the most magical part of the butterfly’s life. After some time, the blanket breaks and a wet weak butterfly appears. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and ____41____ beautiful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. It flies higher and higher ____42____ (enjoy) the blue sky. This adult butterfly lays her eggs in a few weeks, and the cycle begins all over again. A Chinese phrase “po jian cheng die” can describe the butterfly’s development best. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn amazing things ____43____ (well) than before. Butterflies not only have beautiful looks, ____44____ also play an important role in nature. They carry pollen from one flower to another, and this helps plants keep healthy. Every year, ____45____ (million) of butterflies travel long distances to find warm places for the winter. IV. 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 近年来，电脑成为了我们生活的一个重要部分，甚至和我们的学习生活息息相关。某校英文杂志社开辟中学生专栏，交流体会，请你以“The greatest invention—the computer”为题写篇短文，为该杂志社投稿。 内容包括： 1. 电脑是伟大发明的原因； 2. 电脑的用途（至少写三条）； 3. 倡议中学生正确使用电脑。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 短文必须包括所给的内容，可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 文中不许出现真实的班级和姓名。 The greatest invention—-the computer In modern society, we cannot imagine living in a world without computers because ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 观澜二中教育集团2026-2027学年第一学期期中测试试卷 八年级英语 说明： 1. 全卷共46题，满分75分，考试时间70分钟。 2. 答题前，请检查试卷和答题卡是否完整无破损；然后将考生信息用规定的笔填涂在答题卡的指定位置。 3. 答题时将答案写在答题卡的指定位置；不得使用涂改液。 4. 保持答题卡的整洁，考试结束后，只上交答题卡。 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） I. 完形填空（满分10分） A long time ago, there lived a king. Every year, he would spend a lot of money building his palace. One day, the king had a new ____1____ and he said to his men, “This year, I will build the best ____2____ in the world. It should be praised (称赞) within my kingdom, and by the people of neighboring states. ” After ____3____ his palace, the king invited noblemen (贵族) from his country, as well as from neighboring states to come. And he asked them to give their ____4____ about the palace. “Unbelievable! It is the most beautiful palace.” the noblemen said. But one man who looked young stood in the corner. He ____5____ said anything. The king wanted to know why the man was ____6____ when someone else was praising his palace. He walked up to the man and asked, “Hello, young man. You kept silent. Is there anything wrong with my palace?” The man smiled and replied in a calm voice, “Your Majesty! Your palace is strong and will last hundreds of years or even ____7____. It is beautiful but not perfect. Many of your people are still living a ____8____ life, though your palace looks wonderful. ____9____ that, I choose to keep silent. ” The king listened to the young man’s opinion quietly. Then he ____10____ the wise man for his honest words and said he would never try to rebuild his palace again. Instead, he used the money to help the people in need. 1. A. plan B. choice C. challenge D. suggestion 2. A. house B. garden C. castle D. palace 3. A. creating B. building C. inventing D. operating 4. A. advice B. words C. opinions D. worries 5. A. hardly B. seldom C. usually D. always 6. A. sad B. quiet C. noisy D. intelligent 7. A. stronger B. taller C. longer D. wider 8. A. hard B. comfortable C. happy D. tiny 9. A. Rather than B. In place of C. Instead of D. Because of 10. A. refused B. thanked C. asked D. punished 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. B 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了一位国王每年耗费大量钱财重建宫殿，一位年轻人见状向国王进言，指出宫殿虽然华丽，民众却过着困苦的生活。国王听后幡然醒悟，决定将这些钱财用于帮助有需要的人。 【1题详解】 句意：一天，国王有了一个新计划，他对下属们说：“今年，我要建造一座世界上最棒的宫殿。” plan计划；choice选择；challenge挑战；suggestion建议。根据“Every year, he would spend a lot of money building his palace.”可知，指的是建造宫殿这项计划。故选A。 【2题详解】 句意：“今年，我要建造一座世界上最棒的宫殿。” house房屋；garden花园；castle城堡；palace宫殿。根据上文“he would spend a lot of money building his palace”可知，强调建造最好的宫殿。故选D。 【3题详解】 句意：宫殿建成后，国王邀请了本国以及邻国的贵族前来。 creating创造；building建造；inventing发明；operating运行。根据“After...his palace, the king invited noblemen (贵族) from his country”可知，指的是宫殿建完之后再邀请贵族。故选B。 【4题详解】 句意：并且他请他们对这座宫殿发表看法。 advice建议；words言语；opinions看法，观点；worries担忧。根据下文“Unbelievable! It is the most beautiful palace.”可知，其他人发表了对新宫殿的看法。故选C。 【5题详解】 句意：他几乎没说什么话。 hardly几乎不；seldom很少；usually通常；always总是。根据“stood in the corner”可知，指的是站在角落里几乎不说话，hardly“几乎不”，符合语境。故选A。 【6题详解】 句意：国王想知道，为什么别人都在称赞他的宫殿时，这个人却一言不发。 sad难过的；quiet安静的；noisy嘈杂的；intelligent聪明的。根据上文“stood in the corner”可知，这个人站在角落里保持安静，一言不发。故选B。 【7题详解】 句意：您的宫殿坚固耐用，能够屹立数百年，甚至更久。 stronger更强的；taller更高的；longer更久的；wider更宽的。根据“hundreds of years or even...”可知，指的是屹立数百年，甚至更久。故选C。 【8题详解】 句意：尽管您的宫殿看起来富丽堂皇，但您的许多子民仍过着艰难的生活。 hard艰难的；comfortable舒适的；happy快乐的；tiny微小的。根据“... though your palace looks wonderful”可知，此处是转折关系，强调虽然宫殿美丽，但民众生活艰难。故选A。 【9题详解】 句意：正因为那样，我选择保持沉默。 Rather than而不是；In place of代替；Instead of而不是；Because of因为。根据“Many of your people are still living a...life...that, I choose to keep silent.”可知，因为百姓生活艰难，所以保持沉默，句子前后是因果关系。故选D。 【10题详解】 句意：随后，国王感谢这位智者说出了诚实的话，并表示自己绝不会再试图重建宫殿了。 refused拒绝；thanked感谢；asked问；punished惩罚。根据“Then he...the wise man for his honest words and said he would never try to rebuild his palace again. Instead, he used the money to help the people in need.”可知，国王听后，就安静地接受意见，所以是感谢这位智者说出了诚实的话，thank sb. for doing sth.“因做某事而感谢某人”。故选B。 Ⅱ. 阅读理解（满分40分） 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 阅读下列短文，从下面每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library. The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition): An English-language dictionary containing more than 51,000 topics, the Columbia Encyclopedia provides trusted facts and information. More than 200 people make great efforts for depth and accuracy (精确) of the encyclopedia. Its topics are complete and clear. Medical encyclopedias: Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators and students. The library of free medical encyclopedias contains a variety of trusted facts that cover medical conditions, medical symptoms (症状), and medical causes of health-related problems. Computer encyclopedias: Our online library of computer encyclopedias is very useful whether you’re looking for in-depth research or just learning about computer technology. The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology. Science encyclopedias: Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries. Our online science encyclopedias for kids are a big help for school research projects and science experiments. 11. How many kinds of encyclopedias are mentioned? A. Three. B. Four. C. Five. D. Six. 12. Medical encyclopedias are for the follow EXCEPT ________. A. doctors B. educators C. scientists D. students 13. Maria is a student and she wants to learn something about computer science. Which of the following can she choose? A. The Columbia encyclopedias. B. Computer encyclopedias. C. Medical encyclopedias. D. Science encyclopedias. 14. The underlined word “covers” mean “________” in English. A. includes B. opens C. turns D. finds 15. Where does the passage probably come from? A. A magazine. B. A school website. C. A storybook. D. A diary. 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了可供在在线图书馆阅读的一些百科全书。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据“The Columbia Encyclopedia (Sixth Edition)”、“Medical encyclopedias”、“Computer encyclopedias”和“Science encyclopedias”可知文中一共提到4种百科全书。故选B。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Online medical encyclopedias are for doctors, educators, and students.”可知，在线医学百科全书是为医生、教育工作者和学生准备的。没有提到科学家。故选C。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The computer encyclopedias include topics like computer science, computer science and engineering, and computer science and technology.”可知，计算机百科全书包括计算机科学、计算机科学与工程以及计算机科学与技术等主题。因此Mary作为学生想要学习有关计算机科学，可以选择计算机百科全书。故选B。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“Our online library of science encyclopedias covers a variety of topics from biology, psychology, and chemistry to religion and science discoveries.”可知，我们的在线科学百科全书库涵盖了从生物学、心理学、化学到宗教和科学发现等各种主题。因此covers意为“涵盖、覆盖”，与includes同义。故选A。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据“Here are some encyclopedias for you to read in our online library.”可知，本文介绍了可供在在线图书馆阅读的一些百科全书。因此这篇文章应是来自一个学校网站。故选B。 B How would you solve Maths problems if you didn’t have a calculator or a computer? For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called “abacus”. In Chinese, it is known as “suanpan”. An abacus has a rectangular (长方形的) wooden frame. It is divided into the upper part and the lower part by a horizontal (水平的) stick. A series of cross rods (棍子) extend from the top to the bottom of the frame (框架) . Each rod has seven sliding beads (滑动的珠子) , with two in the upper part and five in the lower part. Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds. This pattern continues. A traditional abacus with 13 rods can represent very large numbers. Besides counting, a Chinese abacus can also be used to do addition, subtraction, multiplication and division. It helped ancient Chinese people solve all kinds of Maths problems they met in their daily life. The Chinese abacus used to be the simplest calculating device for people in all trades in ancient China. A mathematician (数学家) , Xu Yue at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty first invented it. A famous mathematician, Cheng Dawei in Ming Dynasty made it popular. To make people understand and use it easily, he also published a book called Suanfa Tong Zong. And this device has been equally famous to the “Four Great Inventions in Ancient China”. Today, people in Asia and Africa still often use it in daily life. 16. What did ancient people use to solve Maths problems? A. Calculators. B. Computers. C. Abacuses. D. Nothing. 17. The underlined word “It” in Paragraph 2 refers to “_________”. A. Maths B. problem C. wood D. frame 18. What number does the picture show according to the abacus? A. One, four and seven. B. Six, four and seven. C. Six hundred and forty-seven. D. One hundred and forty-two. 19. The last paragraph mainly tells us _________. A. how to use the abacus B. the history of the abacus C. what an abacus can do D. the usage of the abacus 20. Which of the following shows the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】16. C 17. D 18. C 19. B 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了中国古代计算工具算盘，内容涵盖算盘的外形结构与计数规则、计算功能，以及算盘的发明发展历程与历史地位。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“For centuries, people in China have used an ancient counting tool to help solve such problems. The tool is called “abacus”.” 可知古代人用算盘解决数学问题。 【17题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“An abacus has a rectangular (长方形的) wooden frame. It is divided into the upper part and the lower part by a horizontal (水平的) stick.” 可知代词It指代前文中的wooden frame（木框架）。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Each of the two beads in the upper part has a value of 5, while each of the beads in the lower part has a value of 1. Beginning at the right side of the abacus, the first rod represents (代表) ones. The second rod represents tens and the third represents hundreds.”，结合算盘图片：从右数第三杆为百位，上珠1个靠梁（值为5）加下珠1个靠梁（值为1），合计为6；右数第二杆为十位，下珠4个靠梁，合计为4；右数第一杆为个位，上珠1个靠梁（值为5）加下珠2个靠梁（值为2），合计为7，因此该算盘表示的数字是六百四十七。 【19题详解】 主旨大意题。最后一段介绍了算盘的发明者、普及过程、相关著作、历史地位以及当下的使用情况，核心内容是算盘的发展历史。 【20题详解】 篇章结构题。文章第1段总起，引出说明对象“算盘”；第2、3、4段分别从结构与计数规则、计算功能、历史与地位三个角度并列介绍算盘，为“总-分”结构，对应选项B的图示。 C In a museum in Central China, visitors stop in front of a large screen. They are not just looking at a picture. They are talking with an ancient woman who lived more than 2,000 years ago. How is this possible? The answer is AI (人工智能). Scientists used AI to study old bones, historical books, and artworks. They created a lifelike (逼真的) digital image (形象) of Xin Zhui, a famous lady from the Han Dynasty. ▲ But the AI does more than just show her face. It can answer visitors’ questions, blink (眨眼), and even smile. This is not the first time AI has helped “bring back” historical people. In other places, AI has been used to make Confucius “talk” about his ideas, and to let a famous painter “introduce” his own paintings. By learning from thousands of texts and pictures, the AI models can imitate the person’s look, voice and way of speaking. However, some people have worries. They think that AI might sometimes get the facts wrong. For example, if the information given to the AI is not correct, the AI might say something that is not true about history. Also, some visitors feel a little scared when talking to a “dead” person on screen. Museum workers say they are careful with the information they put into the AI. They only use history books and real relics (遗物) as sources. They believe this technology helps young people become more interested in history. “When you can ‘talk’ to someone from the past, history becomes real and fun,” one worker said. 21. Which of the following can be put back into the blank “▲” in Paragraph 2? A. Visitors are not allowed to take photos. B. It feels just like talking to a real person. C. Xin Zhui was a famous scientist in history. D. The museum is very crowded on weekends. 22. What does the underlined word “imitate” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. copy B. draw C. change D. forget 23. What is one reason that some people worry about this AI technology? A. It costs too much money. B. It makes museums too noisy. C. It might tell false historical facts. D. It only works for famous painters. 24. What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. Young people no longer like visiting museums. B. Museum workers will stop using AI in the future. C. History books are usually full of mistakes. D. The technology is useful in making history fun. 25. What is the best title for this passage? A. The Life of Xin Zhui in Han Dynasty B. How to Build a Museum with AI C. AI Brings History to “Life” D. Why Old Bones Are Important 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了人工智能（AI）技术在博物馆中的应用。通过AI技术，历史人物得以“复活”并与游客互动，使历史变得生动有趣。 【21题详解】 第二段主要介绍了AI生成的辛追夫人形象不仅能展示面容，还能回答问题、眨眼和微笑，互动性很强。选项 B“感觉就像在和真人说话一样”是对上述互动功能的总结，符合段落语境。 【22题详解】 根据第三段画线词前的“By learning from thousands of texts and pictures”以及画线词后的“the person’s look, voice and way of speaking”可知，AI是通过学习来“模仿”或“复制”这些特征。copy意为“复制、模仿”，与imitate意思最接近。 【23题详解】 根据第四段第二、三句“They think that AI might sometimes get the facts wrong. For example... the AI might say something that is not true about history.”可知，人们担心的原因之一是AI可能会传播错误的历史事实。选项C与此意相符。 【24题详解】 根据最后一段博物馆工作人员的话“They believe this technology helps young people become more interested in history. ‘When you can ‘talk’ to someone from the past, history becomes real and fun,’”可推断，这项技术让历史变得有趣是有用的。 【25题详解】 整篇文章主要讲述了博物馆利用AI技术“复活”历史人物（如辛追、孔子等），让游客能与历史人物互动，使历史变得生动有趣，同时也提到了相关的担忧及应对措施。选项C“AI 让历史‘活’起来”最能概括文章中心思想。 第二节 短文填空（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，从短文下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到短文中，使短文通顺完整、衔接自然。 In recent years, many young people in China have made cool inventions to fix daily problems. ___26___ These inventions show their good ideas and care for others. Zhang Wei, a 16-year-old student, invented a special backpack for students. ___27___ It has a sunlight-powered part on the back, which can charge phones. It also has a cover to keep rain off books. This backpack is very popular with students. Li Na invented a smart flower pot. ___28___ It can tell people to water flowers when the soil is dry. It also changes the temperature with the weather. Her invention helps busy people keep plants alive easily. Wang Tao made a reusable shopping bag. ___29___ It’s made of recycled cloth and can be folded into a small size. It can hold many things and is very strong. This bag helps cut down plastic waste. These young inventors make us want to try, too. ___30___ We should look at the problems around us and use our ideas to fix them. A. It’s not just a common backpack. B. They show that age isn’t a problem for making inventions. C. It’s very expensive and beautiful. D. Many of their inventions make life more convenient. E. It has a small part that can feel things inside. F. He got the idea from his own life. 【答案】26. D 27. A 28. E 29. F 30. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国几位年轻人通过发明创造解决日常生活问题的案例，包括张伟的多功能书包、李娜的智能花盆和王涛的可重复使用购物袋，旨在鼓励读者关注身边问题并尝试用创意解决。 【26题详解】 第一段提到“近年来，中国许多年轻人做出了很酷的发明来解决日常问题”，后文说“这些发明展示了他们的好想法和对他人的关心”。选项D.“Many of their inventions make life more convenient.”作为承上启下的句子，概括了这些发明的共同特点（使生活更便利），与后文“好想法和关心他人”形成并列，共同总结发明意义。 【27题详解】 第二段说“张伟发明了一款特别的学生背包”，后文描述其功能（太阳能充电、防雨罩）。选项A.“It’s not just a common backpack.”强调了该背包的特殊性，与后文对具体功能的详细说明形成“总——分”关系，自然引出下文描述。 【28题详解】 第三段说“李娜发明了一款智能花盆”，后文描述其功能（土壤干燥时提醒浇水、随天气调节温度）。选项E.“It has a small part that can feel things inside.”具体说明了花盆内部有感应部件，解释了它如何感知土壤干湿，与后文功能描述形成因果衔接。 【29题详解】 第四段说“王涛制作了一款可重复使用的购物袋”，后文描述材质（回收布料）和特点（可折叠、坚固）。选项F.“He got the idea from his own life.”说明了发明的灵感来源（来自自己的生活），与后文材质和功能的描述共同构成完整的产品介绍。 【30题详解】 第五段说“这些年轻的发明家让我们也想尝试”，后文说“我们应该关注身边的问题并用我们的想法来解决它们”。选项B.“They show that age isn’t a problem for making inventions.”作为过渡句，承接前文“年轻人发明”的事实，引出后文鼓励行动，呼应年龄不是问题的观点，与全文主旨一致。 第三节 信息匹配（共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 为帮助同学们增长百科知识，学校组织了“百科探秘”主题活动。同学们讲述了自己感兴趣的话题，请你根据每个人的情况为他们匹配百科知识。 ____31____ Sara loves studying Chinese geography. She would like to learn about the country’s important rivers. ____32____ Ford is interested in modern engineering achievements. He wants to learn about China’s aviation (航空) progress. ____33____ When Chris studied in London as an exchange student, she often passed by an old and famous tower and wants to learn more about it. ____34____ Simon enjoys learning about animals with unusual body features. He wants to know how a tall animal rests and drinks without bending (弯腰) often. ____35____ Tim is working on a project about the world’s seven continents. This week, he plans to study the coldest and driest one, where no river can be found. A. Big Ben is a famous clock tower in London and a traditional landmark of the city. It has helped keep London on time for over 160 years. B. C919 is China’s first large passenger airplane. It was developed by Chinese engineers and scientists. It marks a big step forward in China’s aviation industry. C. Giraffes are interesting animals that sleep standing up. And they only drink water every few days because most of the water they need comes from the plants they eat. D. Antarctica (南极洲) is the only continent (洲) on Earth that has no rivers. The lowest temperature ever recorded there is -89.2℃, making it the coldest place in the world. E. The Yellow River is known as the mother river of China. It is the second longest river in the country. It starts from the Bayankala Mountains and finally runs into the Bohai Sea. F. The Great Wall is a famous ancient landmark in China. It runs over mountains for thousands of kilometres. It shows the wisdom of ancient Chinese people. It is one of the world’s greatest wonders. 【答案】31. E 32. B 33. A 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了学校组织“百科探秘”主题活动，需要根据五位同学的兴趣话题为他们匹配相应的百科知识条目。 【31题详解】 “Sara loves studying Chinese geography. She would like to learn about the country’s important rivers.”萨拉需要了解中国河流相关知识。选项E“The Yellow River is known as the mother river of China.”提到了黄河被称为中国的母亲河，与之匹配。 【32题详解】 “Ford is interested in modern engineering achievements. He wants to learn about China’s aviation progress.”福特想了解中国航空成就。选项B“C919 is China’s first large passenger airplane...It marks a big step forward in China’s aviation industry.”提到C919是中国首架大型客机，它标志着中国航空工业向前迈进了一大步。对应福特的兴趣，与之匹配。 【33题详解】 “When Chris studied in London... she often passed by an old and famous tower and wants to learn more about it”克里斯想了解伦敦的塔。选项A “Big Ben is a famous clock tower in London”大本钟是伦敦著名的钟楼，与之匹配。 【34题详解】 “He wants to know how a tall animal rests and drinks without bending often.”西蒙想了解高大动物的习性。选项C“Giraffes are interesting animals that sleep standing up.”长颈鹿是有趣的动物，它们站着睡觉。与之匹配。 【35题详解】 “he plans to study the coldest and driest one, where no river can be found.”蒂姆想了解没有河流且最冷的大洲。选项D“Antarctica is the only continent on Earth that has no rivers.”南极洲是地球上唯一没有河流的大洲，与之匹配。 第II卷（非选择题） Ⅲ. 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或者括号内单词的正确形式。 Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. Their wings are ____36____ (color) and they have fantastic flying skills. But do you know how butterflies become flying insects? In the ____37____ (begin), a mother butterfly lays a small egg on a leaf of a plant. It’s surprising that the egg will become something completely different in a few days. It becomes a walking insect. This insect is called a “caterpillar”. It now ____38____ (have) legs, eyes and a large body. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. But ____39____ (lucky), it is still not a butterfly. After growing big, the caterpillar covers itself in a nice protective blanket. This stage is known ____40____ the “pupa stage”. Some scientists say this is the most magical part of the butterfly’s life. After some time, the blanket breaks and a wet weak butterfly appears. Shortly, the wings fill with blood, and ____41____ beautiful butterfly spreads its wings and flies away. It flies higher and higher ____42____ (enjoy) the blue sky. This adult butterfly lays her eggs in a few weeks, and the cycle begins all over again. A Chinese phrase “po jian cheng die” can describe the butterfly’s development best. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn amazing things ____43____ (well) than before. Butterflies not only have beautiful looks, ____44____ also play an important role in nature. They carry pollen from one flower to another, and this helps plants keep healthy. Every year, ____45____ (million) of butterflies travel long distances to find warm places for the winter. 【答案】36. colorful 37. beginning 38. has 39. unluckily 40. as 41. the 42. to enjoy 43. better 44. but 45. millions 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了蝴蝶令人惊叹的生命周期，从卵到毛毛虫，再到蛹，最后变成蝴蝶的过程，并说明了蝴蝶在自然界中的重要作用。 【36题详解】 句意：它们的翅膀是五彩缤纷的，并且它们拥有奇妙的飞行技能。空处位于系动词are之后，应填入形容词作表语。color是名词，其形容词形式为colorful，意为“多彩的”。故填colorful。 【37题详解】 句意：起初，蝴蝶妈妈在植物的叶子上产下一枚小卵。空处位于定冠词the之后，应填入名词。begin是动词，其名词形式为beginning。固定短语“in the beginning”意为“起初，开始时”。故填beginning。 【38题详解】 句意：它现在有腿、眼睛和一个大大的身体。空处作谓语。根据时间状语now可知，句子应用一般现在时。主语It是第三人称单数，谓语动词have应变为has。故填has。 【39题详解】 句意：但不幸的是，它仍然不是一只蝴蝶。空处修饰整个句子，应用副词。根据转折连词But可知，此处表示虽然毛毛虫有能力，但还没变成蝴蝶，这是一种遗憾，故用lucky的反义副词unluckily，意为“不幸地”。故填unluckily。 【40题详解】 句意：这个阶段被称为“蛹期”。此处考查固定搭配be known as，意为“被称为，作为……而闻名”。故填as。 【41题详解】 句意：不久，翅膀充满了血液，这只美丽的蝴蝶展开翅膀飞走了。此处特指前文提到的那只刚刚出现的蝴蝶，表示特指应用定冠词the。 【42题详解】 句意：它飞得越来越高，去享受蓝天。句中已有谓语flies，空处应用非谓语动词。此处表示飞高的目的，应用动词不定式to enjoy作目的状语。故填to enjoy。 【43题详解】 句意：环顾自然界，你会比以前更好地了解奇妙的事物。空处修饰动词learn，且后面有than，应用副词well的比较级better。故填better。 【44题详解】 句意：蝴蝶不仅拥有美丽的外表，而且在自然界中也扮演着重要的角色。此处考查固定搭配not only... but also...，意为“不仅……而且……”。故填but。 【45题详解】 句意：每年，数百万只蝴蝶长途跋涉去寻找温暖的地方过冬。此处表示概数“数百万”，应用固定短语millions of。million前无具体数字时，用复数形式。故填millions。 IV. 书面表达（满分15分） 46. 近年来，电脑成为了我们生活的一个重要部分，甚至和我们的学习生活息息相关。某校英文杂志社开辟中学生专栏，交流体会，请你以“The greatest invention—the computer”为题写篇短文，为该杂志社投稿。 内容包括： 1. 电脑是伟大发明的原因； 2. 电脑的用途（至少写三条）； 3. 倡议中学生正确使用电脑。 要求： 1. 词数80左右； 2. 短文必须包括所给的内容，可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯； 3. 文中不许出现真实的班级和姓名。 The greatest invention—-the computer In modern society, we cannot imagine living in a world without computers because ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 参考范文 The greatest invention—-the computer In modern society, we cannot imagine living in a world without computers because they play an important role in our daily lives. Firstly, it is convenient for us to search for information online. Secondly, we can communicate with friends far away. Thirdly, we can relax by listening to music. However, playing computer games too much is bad for our eyes. As middle school students, we should use computers wisely and not spend too much time playing computer games. Let’s make good use of them to study well. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：是一篇议论文性质的短文，以一般现在时为主 明确要点：电脑是伟大发明的原因、电脑的用途（至少三条）、倡议中学生正确使用电脑 确定人称：第一人称复数（we/our）为主 注意事项：词数80左右，必须包含所给内容，可适当增加细节，文中不许出现真实班级和姓名 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：引出话题，点明电脑在现代生活中不可或缺，并顺势点明其是伟大发明的原因 主体段：列举电脑的用途（至少三条，如学习查资料、工作交流沟通、休闲娱乐等） 结尾段：发出倡议，呼吁中学生正确使用电脑，避免沉迷网络和游戏 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：电脑是伟大发明的原因 电脑是伟大发明的原因：because they play an important role in our daily lives/because it has changed our lives greatly and made our world a better place等 要点二：电脑的用途 电脑的用途：it is convenient for us to search for information online/we can communicate with friends far away/we can relax by listening to music/it is very helpful for our study/We can look up information and take online classes on it/it makes communication easier/We can chat with friends and send emails/we can relax by listening to music or watching movies等 要点三：倡议正确使用 倡议正确使用：playing computer games too much is bad for our eyes/As middle school students, we should use computers wisely and not spend too much time playing computer games/Let’s make good use of them to study well/every coin has two sides/We should use computers properly/Remember to protect our eyes等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $