3.青岛市2026年初中学业水平考试-2027年山东中考英语必备试题汇编

第二节作文 主题：携手冲线的冠军 思路 点拨 题材：材料作文，书信写作 写作 时态：一般过去时为主 指导 第一步：承接开头，自然过渡，引出话题 写作 第二步：详细叙述两个女生起跑、摔倒、 提纲 搀扶以及携手一起冲线的过程 第三步：表达感想并期待回信 One possible version: Dear Dennis, How's it going?Glad to receive your e-mail.I'm writing to tell you something about the running race at our spring sports meeting last Friday. Chen Jie and Li Mei,who came from different classes,both took part in the 800-meter race.In the first half,they spared no effort to take the lead,with Chen Jie just a little behind. When there was only 10 meters left,something unexpected happened-Li Mei fell down.Without thinking twice,Chen Jie stopped to help her stand up.The two girls supported each other and struggled forward.Finally,they crossed the finishing line arm in arm with big smiles on their faces.All the students present burst out cheering for the two special champions. In my opinion,Chen Jie set a good example for us students and I am really touched by her kind act.Not only did the two girls win the first prize for their outstanding performance,but they also won respect with great sportsmanship and true friendship. What do you think of the story?Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Li Hua ③青岛市2026年初中学业水平考试 I.完形填空。 【文章大意】本文主要讲述了耿佩佩等年轻人利用互联网 将传统农业转变为现代在线生意，助力乡村振兴的故事。 1.C【解析】考查名词。句意：掌握诸多新技能的他们正 把传统农业变成现代在线生意。culture文化；subject 科目；business生意；technology科技。根据下文“start business”及卖牛肉的商业行为可知，是把农业变成在 线生意。 2.D【解析】考查形容词。句意：他在网上很受欢迎，拥 有超过28万粉丝。important重要的；honest诚实的； friendly友好的；popular受欢迎的。根据“over280,O00 followers'”可知，粉丝多说明受欢迎。 3.B【解析】考查连词。句意：但是当他回到村庄养牛 时，没有得到父母的支持。until直到；when当…时； unless除非；if如果。根据语境，是指当他回乡养牛的那 个时候，父母不支持，此处用when引导时间状语从句。 4.A【解析】考查形容词。句意：他们认为养牛是辛苦 的工作。hard困难的；special特别的；dangerous危险 的；necessary必要的。根据下文“they waited for cattle traders to show up with a take-.it-or-leave--it price”和“They worked really hard”可知，父母工作非常努力，但他们能 赚的钱由商人定，所以认为这是辛苦的工作。 5.A【解析】考查副词。句意：他们工作非常努力，但他 们能赚的钱从来不由他们决定。never从不；usually通 常；sometimes有时；always总是。根据“waited for cattle traders...take-it-or-leave-it price”可知，价格由商人定， 收入从不由自己决定。 6.D【解析】考查动词。句意：起初，他在网上分享他的 日常生活，例如为牛群准备饲料和参观人们聚集交易 牛的市场。created创造；imagined想象；improved改进； shared分享。根据“.·his daily life online”和 “Gradually,his videos got followers..”可知，他是在网 上分享生活视频以吸引粉丝。 7.B【解析】考查名词。句意：起初，他在网上分享他的日 常生活，例如为牛群准备饲料和参观人们聚集交易牛的 市场。mall购物中，心；market市场；factory工厂；theatre 剧院。根据“trade cattle”可知，交易牛的地方是市场。 8.D【解析】考查动词。句意：后来他开始向粉丝出售牛 肉。pass传递；lend借出；give给；sell卖。根据“developed his own beef brand”及商业性质可知，是卖牛肉。 9.D解析】考查名词。句意：我的粉丝给了我剑业的 信心。knowledge知识；standard标准；information信息； confidence自信。根据“I made up my mind to go for it” 可知，粉丝的支持给了他信心。 10.B【解析】考查动名词。句意：我看到了一种新的商 业模式—通过短视频获得粉丝，然后再把粉丝和市 场联系起来。showing展示；connecting连接；spreading 传播；comparing比较。根据“using short videos to get followers,and then...those followers to the market" 知，是把粉丝和市场建立联系。 Ⅱ.阅读理解。 A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了制作立体贺 卡的所需材料、详细制作步骤，还介绍了杂志举办的立体 作品展览相关信息。 11.D【解析】细节理解题。原文女孩说“Are you looking for a special way to say thanks or show love?A pop-up card is a wonderful choice.”,由此可知制作立体卡片是 为了表达感谢或爱意。 12.A【解析】图片理解题。原文“Step1:Fold the card. Draw3 lines from the folded edge(边缘)，which are 8cm,6cm,and4 cm long.Leave a5 cm gap(间隔) between each line..”,由此可知从折叠边画出3条长度 递减、相互间隔5厘米的线条，线条起，点都在折叠一 侧，对应A图 l3.A【解析】细节理解题。原文“Step2:Cut along the3 lines and fold each part over...Draw some small pictures on the paper and cut them out..”,由此可知第二步需要 纸张、彩色铅笔、剪刀，对应①②③；胶水是第三步需 要用到的，排除含④的选项。 14.C【解析】细节理解题。原文“Big News”部分“Email us a photo of your work before the closing date of June 22.”,由此可知参加“Pop-up Show'”需要通过邮件发送 作品照片。 15.D【解析】文章出处题。本文介绍手工立体卡片的 制作方法，属于艺术板块，因此选At。 B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在线评 论的重要性。文章通过顾客调查以及Ken与Emily的对 话，说明评论能帮助消费者做出购买决定，并探讨了如何 写出诚实、有礼貌、有帮助的评论。 16.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句 "85%of the customers think reviews help them decide whether to make a purchase(购买)”可知，85%的顾客 认为评论帮助他们决定是否购买，因此在线评论的重 要性在于帮助人们做出购买决定。 17.B【解析】细节理解题。根据对话中Ken所说的“if something really goes wrong,I'll try to be kind and explain how it can be improved”以及文章最后一段中 “stick to the facts and pay attention to your manners”可 知，写有帮助的评论应该基于事实，并以礼貌的方式 表达真相。 18.C【解析】推理判断题。 对话中Emily所说的“For this coffee shop,I'll say what I ordered,how the service was and how clean this place was." 她可能会评论咖 啡、店员和卫生 之前Emily提到的“Don'tyou 情况，故选C。 think the food and service are really good today?” l9.C【解析】写作目的题。文章第二段提到“Ken and Emily's conversation may give you some inspiration.", 接着前文关于如何对待评论（阅读时思考是否可信， 写作时是否认真)的论述，对话内容展示了两人认真 讨论如何写评论，旨在表明在线评论应被认真对待。 20.A【解析】观，点态度题。根据文章最后一段中“Listen to both sides-一that's how you see the full picture”可知， 作者建议听取双方意见以看到全貌，因此作者同意评 论应帮助读者看到全面的情况。 C【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了航天器 在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。 21.C【解析】推理判断题。根据第1部分中“By following a long curved orbit,a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.Although the trip is longer,the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner,.”可知，虽然 沿弯曲轨道飞行的路程更长，但是航天器消耗更少的 燃料，还可以更快抵达目标，所以沿着弯曲轨道飞行 是一种更好的航行方式。 22.B【解析】词义猜测题。 画线词所在句前“Toget from point a to b,a spacecraft doesn't always travel straight in space.That is because 航天器选择弯曲 of the strong force of huge objects 轨道的最终目的 around it.The force pulls it into a 就是飞到自己计 curved orbit(弯曲的轨道).” 划去往的位置， 由此可以判断， 画线词所在句“By following a long destination表示 curved orbit,a spacecraft can use 某人将要前往的 the force to reach the destination.' 地点。 23.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第2部分中“A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from where it started.”可知，航天器在太空中 无法看见前方道路，它只能依靠自己距离起，点的路程 来判断自身所处的位置以及已经飞行了多远，所以它 要回顾自己走过的路程。 24.B【解析】标题归纳题。根据第3部分中“We can use a signal()travelling at light-speed to check the speed.A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth.By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft,we can work out the speed.”可知，本段完整介绍了航天器向地球发射信 号，通过测算信号往返花费的时长，进而计算出航天 器飞行速度的方法，因此小标题选“To Check Speed, Time a Signal'”最为合适。 25.C【解析】写作目的题。通读全文可知，整篇文章分 别从提速远航、向前航行向后观测、借助信号测速三 个板块讲解太空航行的原理，属于太空旅行相关的科 普知识，由此可知这份训练手册的写作目的就是介绍 有关太空旅行的基础事实与常识。 D【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章以烹饪中的调 味为例，说明了学习烹饪需要耐心和反复练习，并指出从 烹饪中悟出的道理同样适用于日常生活。 备选项释义： A.学习一项有难度的技能很令人兴奋。 B.(这道菜的)味道是改善了，还是过于咸或过于甜？ C.这需要耐心和反复练习。 D.如果添加了过多（的调料），就拿不出来了。 E.你在烹饪中学到的经验同样适用于生活。 F.你自己的经验最终将成为你可靠的指引。 26-30 CDBFE Ⅲ.短文填空。 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了福建省九 鲤灯舞的历史、表演特色、制作工艺以及在现代社会中的 发展和意义。 31.reached【考点】一般过去时。 32.to become【考点】动词不定式表目的。 33.and【考点】并列连词。 34.differently【考点】副词修饰动词。 35.energetic【考点】“make+宾语+形容词”结构，形容 词作宾补。 36.a【考点】不定冠词。 37.are tied【考点】一般现在时的被动语态。 38.development【考点】“the+名词+of”结构。 39.if/whether【考点】宾语从句。 40.between【考点】between..and..“在…和…之 间”，固定搭配。 Ⅳ.阅读表达。 A【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了莲花的 生长环境、在中国历史上的文化精神、实用价值以及在世 界范围内的文化交流作用。 41.1Lotus/Lotus flowers 2History and cultural spirit/Culture 3Uses/Values/A treasure all over ④Cultural exchanges 【解析】①根据文章内容和阅读笔记的结构可知，笔记 是对文章各段落大意的概括。根据文章第一段中 "Every summer,many visitors come to admire,photograph and paint lotus flowers..”以及全文围绕莲花展开，可推 知文章的标题应为Lotus或Lotus flowers。②根据文 章第二段中“In China,admiring the lotus has a long history.It is not only a viewing activity,but also carries the cultural spirit..”可推知第二段主要讲述莲花的 历史和文化精神。③根据文章第三段中“The lotus is also known as‘a treasure all over'.”以及后文介绍莲 藕、莲叶和莲子的用途，可推知第三段主要讲述莲花 的实用价值或用途。④根据文章第四段中“They are promoting(促进）cultural exchanges and spreading Chinese culture across the world in their ways..”可推知， 第四段主要讲述莲花在文化交流中的作用。 42.1I will make a short video about the lotus and post it online. 2I will invite my foreign friends to taste food made from lotus roots. 【解析】本题为开放性试题，要求写出两条推广莲花文 化的建议。言之有理，语法正确即可。例如可以通过 制作视频宣传，或者邀请外国朋友品尝莲花制作的食 物等。 B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了海 岸线在海浪、风、气候变暖等因素影响下不断发生变化的 过程和原因，以及人类为保护海岸线所采取的防护措施。 43.Coastlines are always changing. 【解析】根据第一段中“Coastlines are places where land meets sea,and they are always changing.”可知，第一段 的主旨是海岸线总是在不断变化。 44.①break through the rock②fall down 【解析】①根据图中内容可知，①处表示从洞穴演变为 拱门的过程。根据第三段中“A cave might break through the rock and form an arch.”可知，洞穴可能穿 透岩石形成拱门，故填break through the rock;②根据 图中内容可知，②处表示从拱门演变为海蚀柱的过 程。根据第三段中“Some arches keep growing until they cannot support themselves.They then fall down,creating a stack.”可知，拱门倒塌变成海蚀柱，故填fall down。 45.More and more people are forced to move further inland because their homes are flooded. 【解析】根据第五段中“Over time,.more and more people are forced to move further inland because their homes are flooded.”可知，海平面上升导致人们的家园 被淹，迫使他们向内陆迁移。 46.①cause②forms③Wind④waves⑤efforts 【解析】根据第二段中“Rain is taken in by soil and rock at the top...Waves hit the cliff...until finally it falls dowm.”可知，雨水和海浪导致悬崖滑落，此处考查 cause sth to do sth“导致…做某事”，故①处填cause. 根据第一段中“Every few seconds,.waves hit the shore (海岸)，wearing the land away or shaping it into new foms.”可知，岬角在很长一段时间内被塑造成了不同 的形态，故②处填forms。根据第四段中“Wind pushes waves to break onto the shore at an angle ()The waves carry sand and small stones onto the beach...This is called longshore drif近.”可知，风和海浪导致了沙子的 移动，位于句首的单词首字母需大写。故③、④分别 填Wind;waves。.根据第六段中“Sea walls are built along the shore to protect land from strong waves.”可知， 人们正在做出努力保护家园，此处考查make efforts to d0sth“努力做某事”，故⑤处填efforts。 V.书面表达。 主题：理解他人 思路 点拨 人称：第一人称为主 时态：一般过去时为主 写作 指导 第一步：交代过去对这个人的不理解， 铺垫矛盾 写作 第二步：描写关键瞬间的所见/所感， 提纲 写出思想转变 第三步：写转变之后的行动与内心感悟， 升华主题 One possible version: The Moment I Came to Understand My Mother I thought my mother was too strict with me.She asked me to study hard and never allowed me to play computer games.I felt unhappy about that. One night,I woke up and saw her working at her desk. Her back was bent and I found gray hair on her head. Suddenly,I realized she did everything for my future.She loved me deeply without saying a word. From then on,I understood her pain and love.I decided to study harder to make her proud.This moment greatly changed me. ④德州市2026年初中学业水平考试 一、听力测试略 二、阅读理解 A【文章大意】本文是线上艺术展览平台的介绍。介绍 平台搭建原因、可浏览的名家线上画展、社区互动规则、 附加服务以及联系方式等信息。 26.A【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Because of the busy life in the modern society,people have little time to enjoy themselves.That's why we saw a great growth of online exhibitions in the last few years and built a platform for you.”可知，现代社会生活忙碌，人们几乎 没有时间消遣，线上展览需求大增，因此搭建平台。 27.C【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Exchange your ideas'”可知，游客可以与他人交换自己对画作的看法， 即“与他人沟通”。 28.B【解析】细节理解题。根据“If you would like to hold your online exhibition,please ask by phone.Our editors(will review your show and will tell you shortly if your show is chosen.You can apply for free." 可知，想要办线上展览，需要打电话中请，编辑审核通 过才可以举办。 29.D【解析】细节理解题。根据文中“Any advice: email:speelalist@artsy.net or call at:(206)4432925" 可知，提建议可以发邮件或者打电话。 30.A【解析】推理判断题。根据“Culture up your day without leaving the comfort of your home with these free online exhibition tours”可知，线上展览是免费参观。 B【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一款新型智 能蜂鸟喂食器“Birdfy Hum Bloom”。它特殊的相机、仿生 花朵造型、防蚂蚁设计、以及A虹识别蜂鸟功能，方便人们 观察高速飞行的蜂鸟。 31.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“they are so speedy that catching a sight of one is considered to be a sign of good luck”和第二段中“few consider the unique （独特的)features of hummingbirds,which can make them difficult to observe...hummingbirds beat their wings up to80 times per second”可知，蜂鸟最大特，点是 速度极快。 32.D【解析】图文理解题。根据第三段中“The feeder looks like a real flower and is powered by a system that pumps(系)honey into the feeding bulb.”可知，蜂蜜泵 入feeding bulb,蜂鸟过来从这个位置吸食，就是蜂鸟 喙接触的花朵状吸食口，对应D图中圆圈位置。 33.A【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“The feeder looks like a real flower...These attract hummingbirds" 知，它外形像真花，里面泵入蜂蜜，以此吸引蜂鸟。 34.B【解析】推理判断题。根据第五段中“The feeder is armed with OrniSense Al,which can recognize over 150 species of hummingbirds...It explains the "why"behind every match,helping you truly understand your "mini visitors"...it can help you learn more about these beautiful creatures..”可知，AI识别蜂鸟种类并且讲解 相关知识，帮助使用者了解蜂鸟。 35.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The feeder has an 8-megapixel camera that can shot 4K video...the camera can record slow-motion(慢动作)video at 120fps (帧/秒).”可知，可录制慢动作视频是喂食器硬件 优势。 C【文章大意】本文介绍了“戈壁西行2026”玄奘之路 戈壁挑战赛。来自全球商学院选手穿越戈壁。比赛不仅 带来身体挑战，也带来精神成长；带动当地文旅；成为多 国参与者文化交流的聚会，也向世界展示了历史与现代 的中国。 36.A【解析】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“‘They imagined Gobi as endless emptiness.'But as runners passed by so many historical sites,history became touchable for them.”可知，此处要表达的是之前队员 只从课本了解丝绸之路，想象戈壁是无尽荒漠；亲身 走过古迹，历史变得不再书本抽象，变得鲜活、真实可 感知。touchable本义“可触摸的”；此处引申：历史不 再纸上空谈，变得鲜活真切。与A项“alive鲜活的， 活生生的”含义接近。 37.C【解析】代词指代题。根据第三段中“‘When you are surrounded by endless desert and feel there is no end in sight,you can calm yourself down and keep moving forward,'Xie said.'You begin to have a dialogue with yourself..’”可知，下句中的t指代上文整件事：在沙漠 中徒步奔跑。 38.D【解析】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中 "Cambridge professor Simon was invited to hold a Gobi lecture',where runners from different countries exchanged ideas on business and life.'It became more than a race,'Simon said.It became a cultural gathering.’”可知，Simon的观，点重点是：不同国家选 手交换观点，进行文化交流。 39.D【解析】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“For organizers,showing both'historical China'and'modern China'was central to the event''s vision.”可知，对主办 方来说，展示“历史中国”与“现代中国”是赛事愿3青岛市2026 （时间：100分 第I卷（满分40分） I.完形填空。（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Nowadays,a number of young people are becoming "new farmers".With lots of new skills,they are turning traditional farming into modern online 1. Geng Peipei,a 26-year-old man from Shanxi Province, has his own cattle()farm.He is 2 on the internet with over 280,000 followers.But 3 he returned to his village to keep cattle,he did not get his parents'support.His parents are traditional farmers.They thought cattle farming was 4 work.They had a small family farm and each year they waited for cattle traders to show up with a take-it-or-leave-it price. They worked really hard,but the money they could make was 5 up to them. Geng has built his business which is very different from his parents'.At first,he 6 his daily life online,such as preparing feed for the cattle and visiting a 7 where people gathered (to trade cattle.Gradually,his videos got followers in cities,as well as farmers who wanted to buy cattle.Later he began to 8 beef to followers.Now he has even developed his own beef brand. "My followers gave me the 9 to start business.I made up my mind to go for it,"Geng said."I saw a new way of doing business-using short videos to get followers,and then 10 those followers to the market.That gives traditional farming a new life." Geng's story is not the only one.Many young people are using short videos to sell farming products.Born in the internet age,educated young Chinese now play an important role in rural revitalization(乡村振兴). ( )1.A.culture B.subject C.business D.technology ( )2.A.important B.honest C.friendly D.popular )3.A.until B.when C.unless D.if )4.A.hard B.special C.dangerous D.necessary )5.A.never B.usually C.sometimes D.always ( )6.A.created B.imagined C.improved D.shared )7.A.mall B.market C.factory D.theatre )8.A.pass B.lend C.give D.sell )9.A.knowledge B.standard C.information D.confidence )10.A.showing B.connecting C.spreading D.comparing Ⅱ.阅读理解。（本题20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分) 阅读A、B、C三个文本，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个 选项中，选出最佳选项。 车初中学业水平考试 ()15.In which part of a magazine can you find the text? A.Sport.B.Travel.C.News.D.Art. B 总分：90分) Do you read or write reviews online?Many people do. A They write them for products,restaurants,videos and more. How to Make a Pop-up Card How important are online reviews?Our yearly customer survey Show someone they're special by making them a pop-up card found that 85%of the customers think reviews help them Are you looking for a special way to say thanks or show love?A pop-up card is a decide whether to make a purchase(购买). wonderful choice.Let's walk through the steps to make one! But not every review is fair or honest.Some are fake( five-star reviews;some are impolite,and some depend on What you need: personal standards.If you're reading a review,think for ocard ◇paper o scissors o ruler yourself.Can you trust it?If you're writing a review,will you ◇glue ◇colour pencils take it seriously?Ken and Emily's conversation may give you some inspiration. Step 1:Fold the card.Draw 3 lines from the Ken and Emily are having lunch at a coffee shop during a 2 folded edge(边缘)，which are8cm,6cm, trip to another city. and4 cm long.Leave a5 cm gap(间隔) Emily:Don't you think the food and service are really good between each line. today？ Step 2:Cut along the 3 lines and fold each Ken:I do.My coffee is great,and the staff are friendly. part over..Press to make a crease(折痕)， Emily:I think I'll leave a review for this coffee shop. and then fold it back.Draw some small Ken:Do you think people will read it? pictures on the paper and cut them out. Emily:Of course.You read reviews before you try a new place,don't you? Step3:Open the card and bend(弯曲)the Ken:Yes.I read both positive and negative ones. 3 folded parts out from the middle.Glue your Emily:Me too.They help me decide whether to try a place cut-outs on the card. out. Our magazine is holding a "Pop-up Ken:Helpful reviews can make a big difference. Emily:For this coffee shop,I'll say what I ordered,how the 限专 -Show".Do you want to join it?Email us a photo of your work before the closing service was and how clean this place was. date of June 22. Ken:That's a good idea.Have you ever written negative ( )11.Why do people make a pop-up card? reviews? A.To improve patience. Emily:Hardly ever!I usually leave five-star reviews. B.To take up a new hobby. Ken:People are often guided by reviews from other people. C.To practise drawing skills So,if something really goes wrong,I'll try to be kind D.To express thanks or love. and explain how it can be improved. )12.Which picture can match Step 1? Emily:You have a point!A review should be honest. People place great importance on online customers' reviews.Listen to both sides-that's how you see the full picture.And when you leave a review,stick to the facts and pay attention to your manners. )16.Why are online reviews important? A.They are made by 85%of the customers. B.They provide the experts'suggestions online. C.They help people make purchasing decisions. D.They depend on people's personal preference. )17.How can we leave a helpful review according to the )13.What do you need for Step 2? AAAAA text? 目 A.By avoiding bad experiences. B.By telling the truth in a kind way. ① ② ③ ④ C.By writing as soon as possible. A.①②③ B.①②④ D.By asking sellers to write reviews. C.①③④ D.②③④ ( )18.Which review for the coffee shop is probably from )14.How can you take part in the "Pop-up Show"? Emily? A.By calling the magazine. A.Delicious dishes with low prices. B.By waiting for an invitation. B.Sunny beach and convenient transportation C.By emailing a photo of your work. C.Tasty coffee,clean shop and nice staff. D.By sending your work to the magazine. D.Something wrong with food and service. ()19.Why is the conversation mentioned? A.To stress the importance of writing travel guides. B.To recommend a nice coffee shop at a new place. C.To show online reviews should be taken seriously D.To explain the process of writing different reviews. )20.Which opinion may the writer agree with? A.Reviews should help readers see the full picture. B.Reviews that are impolite help sellers to improve. C.Reviews should be kind and make sellers feel happy. D.Reviews are more important for sellers than for readers. C Space Traveller's Training Book As you know,a straight line is the shortest distance(距离)between two points,and you should always watch where you are going.However,once a spacecraft leaves Earth,many rules about travelling spacecraft may stop working. Now forget all that.Let's begin our training! 1.To Go Faster,Go Farther To get from point a to b,a spacecraft doesn't always travel straight in space.That is because of the strong force of huge objects around it.The force pulls it into curved orbit( 曲的轨道).In theory,a spacecraft could fly straight all the time,but this would require too much fuel(燃料)to offset(抵 the force.Luckily,there is a better way.By following a long curved orbit,a spacecraft can use the force to reach the destination.Although the trip is longer,the spacecraft uses less fuel and arrives sooner. 2.To Go Forward,Look Backward This sounds really strange!On Earth,we usually travel by watching the road ahead.We change our speed or direction according to how close we are to the final position.But in space,it is just the opposite.Most spacecraft never "see where they're going or where they will arrive.For example,a spacecraft doesn't see the Moon or other planets getting close. How does it know whether to go forward or not?A spacecraft can tell its position by knowing the distance it has travelled from where it started.The starting point is usually Earth. 3.▲ We can use a signal travelling at light-speed to check the speed.A spacecraft sends a signal to Earth.By timing how long the signal takes to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and then go back to the spacecraft,we can work out the speed. Your training is complete.Good luck! )21.What can we know about a spacecraft from Part 1 “To Go Faster,Go Farther'”? A.It goes a shorter way to arrive sooner. B.The force from Earth decides its orbit. C.Flying in curved orbit is a better way. D.It uses less fuel to fly straight in space. )22.What does the underlined word "destination" mean? A.Something that provides more fuel. B.A place where someone is going. C.Something that people hope to achieve. D.A road that people take to reach a place. 0 ( )23.Why does a spacecraft look backward when travelling in space? A.To know how far it has travelled. B.To remember the way it has flown C.To find out where other planets are. D.To take a look at our beautiful Earth. )24.Which can be put in“▲”？ A.To Return to Earth,Send a Signal B.To Check Speed,Time a Signal C.To Know Speed,Go Back to Earth D.To Go Faster,Move at Light-speed )25.What's the purpose of the training book? A.To show different parts in a spacecraft. B.To remind people of the danger in space. C.To introduce basic facts about space travel. D.To describe key steps in designing a spacecraft. D 阅读下面文本，从文本后的选项中选出能填入空白处 的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Many people,when learning how to cook, expect to master it after just trying once or twice. But that's impossible.26. Let's take seasoning as an example.During the whole process of cooking,it's better to season gradually than to lay on the salt or the sugar all in one hit.27. Adding a little at a time gives you a larger margin for error(容错空间).It reduces the possibility of messing up a dish. Seasoning takes practice.This practice is best done by testing.If you are not sure,pour off or scoop a little of what you are cooking into a bowl.Taste it.If necessary,add a bit of the salt or sugar that you think it might need.28. With such practice,over time you will get a feel for how much is too much.And you will also know when there is a call for a little more.29. You will find you have less need for written measurements(计量). 30. Don't expect to succeed all at once.Keep trying and it's normal to make mistakes,as they are part of life.They can improve your understanding,narrowing the playing field for the next time.Allowing space for mistakes is not a sign of failure,but a smart way to move forward. A.It's exciting to learn a difficult skill. B.Is it improved or is it too salty or sweet? C.It requires patience and repeated practice. D.If you add too much,you can't take it out. E.What you learn from cooking works in life as well. F.Your own experience will finally become your dependable guide. 第Ⅱ卷（满分50分） Ⅲ.短文填空。（本题10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填人1个适当的单词或括号 内单词的正确形式。 The Nine Carp Lantern Dance from Fujian Province has a history of over 1,000 years.In the past,people only performed it during the Lantern Festival in the Year of the Dragon or when there was a disaster.They hoped to get rain and stay away from bad luck.In the Ming and Qing dynasties, -1 it31. （reach)its peak(鼎盛时期) blood pressure. The name“nine carp”stands for nine Nowadays,admiring lotus flowers is no longer an activity kinds of water animals.The dance tells an that only belongs to Chinese people.More and more foreigners old story about a carp trying to jump over a are becoming interested in the culture of the lotus.They are high gate 32. （become）a dragon. promoting()cultural exchanges and spreading Chinese This story encourages young people to work culture across the world in their ways. hard 33. never give up. 41.根据文本内容，仿照示例完成下面的阅读笔记。①-④ Unlike fish lantern dances in other 总词数不超过30。(7分) places,the one in Fujian is performed Title:① 34. different),with kung fu movements and local opera.During the show,dancers wear Introduction:different colours,growing environments old-style clothes and move the lanterns quickly and +② +③ skillfully.Their fast steps and big movements make the performance 35. _（energy)and lively. +④ Making fish lanterns needs special skills.First, 42.Imagine you are a cultural ambassador(大使)，what will workers bend (the bamboo to make it look like you do to promote the culture of the lotus?(请写出2条， 36. fish.Then,the bamboo pieces 37. 2分) (tie)together and covered with paper.Finally,workers ① draw fins and scales(鳞片)carefully. ② In recent years,the dance has become popular and helped B with the 38. (develop)of local tourism.Many visitors 阅读下面文本，完成43至46小题。（共11分)》 come to watch the show and wonder 39. they can Changing Coastlines join in the lantern dance.The answer is yes!This offers Coastlines are places where land meets sea,and they are them a chance to better experience the local culture.The always changing.Every few seconds,waves hit the shore( dance serves as a strong bridge 40. ancient )wearing the land away or shaping it into new forms. traditions and modern life.With more attention and care, Also,human activities have made Earth warmer.As this living treasure will continue to shine around the world. temperatures rise,ice caps and glaciers melt(冰川融化)， V.阅读表达。（本题6小题，共20分) adding more water to the oceans.This causes sea levels to A rise,bringing greater changes to coastlines. 阅读下面文本，完成41至42小题。（共9分) Sliding away(滑坡) Every summer,many visitors Cliffs()may look strong,but huge parts sometimes come to admire,photograph and slide into the sea.Rain is taken in by soil and rock at the top, paint lotus flowers.Lotus flowers making the ground heavier.Waves hit the cliff,making it come in several different colours weaker.Over time,the cliff becomes weaker still,until finally and usually grow in wetlands or it falls down. mud.They can also live in different Caves,arches,and stacks places as long as their roots remain A headland is rocky land sticking out into the sea.Wind and in water or mud. water work together to slowly shape it.Caves form when waves In China,admiring the lotus mud wear away()cracks in the cliff face.A cave might break has a long history.It is not only a through the rock and form an arch.Some arches keep growing viewing activity,but also carries the cultural spirit that has until they cannot support themselves.They then fall down, lived in Chinese people's hearts for thousands of years.As creating a stack early as the Spring and Autumn Period,poets began to headland praise the beauty of lotus flowers and use them to express feelings in The Book of Songs,the first collection of poems in China.Poets in the Southern Dynasties sang folk songs such as "Rowing a boat to pick the lotus in the South Lake in autumn”.The word“love”is not in any sentence,but each line is filled with love.Zhou Dunyi,a famous poet in the Song Dynasty,praised the elegance(优雅)and integrity(正 Beach on the move 直)of the lotus in his essay Ode to the Lotus(《爱莲说》)， Wind pushes waves which has been passed down for centuries. to break onto the shore at The lotus is also known as "a treasure all over".The an angle（角度).The ongshore drift(沿岸漂移 lotus roots are sweet and rich in vitamins(维生素).They waves carry sand and often appear on Chinese dining tables and are cooked in small stones onto the different ways.The lotus leaves and seeds are often used in beach.As the waves teas and medicines.They are believed to support healthy move back,they pull sand back too.Over time,the sand is moved along the beach and spread further.This is called longshore drift. Land under water Every year,the sea level rises by about 4.5mm.Even a small rise can cause large areas of land to be covered with water.Over time,more and more people are forced to move further inland because their homes are flooded. Keeping the water back Sea walls are built along the shore to protect land from strong waves.However,they are expensive to build and may stop local wildlife from moving freely along the natural coast. As a coastal city,Qingdao has been building a stronger coastal protection system to protect both human beings and nature. 43.What's the main idea of Paragraph1？(2分) 44.根据图文内容补全信息。（每空不超过5个词，共2分) ① 45.How does sea-level rise influence people living along the coast??（2分) 46.根据文本内容填空。（每空一词，共5分） Coastlines are always changing.Rain and waves can ① huge cliffs to slide away.The headland is shaped into different② over a long period. ③ and④ lead to sand movement which is called longshore drift.People near the sea are facing big challenges because of strong waves.They are making⑤ to protect their homes like building sea walls. V.书面表达。（共15分) 在成长过程中，有那么一瞬间，你突然理解了某个人。 请补全“The Moment I Came to Understand ”,并以 此为题写一篇短文，讲述你对这个人从不理解到理解的过 程及感悟。 要求： (1)词数：80-100； (2)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名、地名等个人信息。 2