专题03 补全句子-【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年九年级上册英语Unit 4单元测试题型特训（外研版·天津专用）
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内容正文：
考前特训
专题03 补全句子 第四单元测试题型特训（天津专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
补全句子（任务型阅读）是天津中考英语的固定题型，要求学生在读懂短文后，用原文信息把句子补全或按要求作答。它考的不是“选对”，而是“写对”：既要找准信息，又要把词形、数量、搭配写准，多写一个 the、少写一个 s 都可能不得分。
本次特训共收录 8 篇材料、40 道小题，篇幅在 99—253 词之间。材料围绕“英雄与榜样”展开，涵盖神笔马良、三位中外科学文化名人卡片、用文言文写传记的少年、女战士与她的日记、钟南山、负债商人与老人的支票、竺可桢，以及达尔文的成长经历。
二、命题特点
（1）两种问法并存：题干给“半句”的只补缺口，题干是 Wh- 问句的须用完整句子作答，只写短语等于没答完。
（2）以原文信息为主，改写为辅：约七成答案可在原文直接找到，但需要按题干要求变形（名词复数、动词过去式、介词短语）。
（3）有字数与词数限制：题干注明“每空一个单词”“不超过 3 个单词”时，超出即判错，务必数清。
（4）简答题要答全：Why 用 Because 引导，When and where 要时间、地点一起写，问几件事就答几件。
（5）最后一题常为开放题：如评价人物、设想自己如何回答，答案不唯一，但要与文章立场一致、语法正确。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 道小题梳理）
对 40 道小题逐题归类，考点分布如下：
（1）细节信息提取（约 22 题）：如 An old man with a long beard、The Pickwick Papers、1918，直接回文定位即可。
（2）词形与数量（约 6 题）：如 debts、entries、types、achievements 等，题干的主语或限定词决定单复数。
（3）固定搭配还原（约 5 题）：leave … behind、be interested in、make a difference、sense of duty，搭配错一个词即失分。
（4）代词与指代（约 3 题）：如 it 指代什么、the ▲ 处该填什么词，须回到上文找最近的先行内容。
（5）开放表达（约 4 题）：如评价达尔文、设想自己会如何回答竺可桢的两个问题，须观点明确、句子完整。
一、四步解题法
第一步：先看题干，判断问法。补全句子看缺的是主语还是状语；Wh- 问句看问的是人、事、原因还是时间地点。
第二步：带着缺口回文定位。用题干中已给的词做“钥匙”，在原文中找同一句或相邻句，划出信息句。
第三步：按题干要求变形。原文是复数、过去式、动名词，题干的语法位置未必允许，必须改成与题干一致的形式。
第四步：代入通读，核对词数。补全句子把答案读回题干，简答题读成独立句子，检查语法、词数与信息是否答全。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】主语补全题——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“an old man with a long beard (胡子) visited Ma Liang in his dream”，题干是 gave Ma Liang a paintbrush in Ma Liang’s dream，缺的正是动作的发出者。原文主语 an old man with a long beard 必须整段照搬，不能只写 an old man，因为“长胡子”是这道题的区分信息。补主语时，把原文主语的限定成分一并带上。
【点拨2】数量与名词搭配题——以 Passage 1 题 3 为例：原文写道“ordered Ma Liang to draw much more gold for him”，题干是 draw much ________ for him，缺口在 much 之后。much 修饰不可数名词，原文的 more gold 正好对应“更多的金子”，故填 more gold；若写成 many gold 或 more golds 都不成立。看到 much、a lot of、some 之后的空，先想不可数名词。
【点拨3】词义落点题——以 Passage 2 题 5 为例：原文写道“the disease became rare”，题干问 Which English word means “罕见的”，直接锁定 rare。同段还有 dangerous、prevent、fewer 等词，只有 rare 与“罕见的”对应；prevent 是“阻止”，fewer 是“更少的”，都不能替换。问“哪个词意思是……”的题，答案一定是原文原词，不要自己造词。
【点拨4】代词指代题——以 Passage 3 题 5 为例：原文写道“tried to say something more about each person’s special side”，紧接着是 Even if it is not a good and shining point, I keep it，两个 it 都指前面刚提到的“每个人的独特之处”。指代题的做法是：从 it 往前找最近的名词性内容，且单复数、语义都要吻合。不要跳到更远的句子去找。
【点拨5】固定搭配还原题——以 Passage 4 题 2 为例：原文写道“we cannot leave our dreams behind no matter how hard life is”，题干是 We must not ________ our dreams ________ easily，两个缺口正是 leave 与 behind。leave sth behind 意为“把……抛在身后、放弃”，中间插入宾语 dreams。固定搭配题先想“动词 + 介词/副词”的完整骨架，再把宾语放回中间。
【点拨6】品质归纳题——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“He always tells the truth and puts public health first”，前文还有 rushed to the front line again and again。把这些行为归纳成一句，就是“把职责放在第一位”，故填 sense of duty。题干已给出 his skills, courage and，缺的是与前两项并列的名词短语，形式上也必须是名词。归纳题要“由事及质”，不能照抄某个动作。
【点拨7】否定与转折题——以 Passage 6 题 5 为例：原文写道“it wasn’t the money that had turned his life around”，紧接着是 It was his confidence that had given him the strength。题干是 not the ________ but his confidence，缺口就是被否定的 money，也可写 check（支票代表钱）。这类“not A but B”结构，先确认 B 是什么，A 就是与 B 相对的那一项。
【点拨8】目的与理想题——以 Passage 7 题 3 为例：原文写道“His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned”，题干问 What was Zhu’s dream，问的是整件事，须答成 His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned 这样的完整句。同一段还有 study meteorology、returned to China 等动作，但都是为这个梦想服务的，不能当作答案。问“梦想/目的”的题，认准 was to do 或 in order to do 结构。
【点拨9】开放评价题——以 Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文写道“He enjoyed watching nature and comparing what he saw with everything he had read in science books”，全文还写他随 Beagle 号考察、提出进化论观点，可见他既热爱观察又坚持求证。题干问 What do you think of Darwin，答案合理即可，如 I think he was great and hard-working，但评价必须落在文中已有事实上，且用完整的句子作答。开放题也忌空话，最好“一个形容词 + 一个依据”。
三、易错提醒
• 忌“只写关键词不看题干语法”：题干主语是复数、时态是过去时，答案必须跟着变，否则意思对也不给分。
• 忌“超词数”：题干写明 each blank with one word 或不超过 3 个单词时，多写一个冠词就判错。
• 忌“大小写与拼写失分”：句首答案首字母要大写，人名、书名、地名按原文照抄。
• 忌“两种问法混着答”：补全句子只补缺口，Wh- 简答题要写完整句（Why 带 Because）。
• 忌“开放题留白”：最后一题哪怕只写一个完整短句，也比空着强，但必须与文章立场一致。
Passage 1
In a small Chinese town, there lived a poor boy named Ma Liang. He loved drawing. He had no money for a paintbrush. He drew with sticks. One night, an old man with a long beard (胡子) visited Ma Liang in his dream. He gave Ma Liang a paintbrush. “Use this magic paintbrush to help the poor,” he said. “But don’t use it to help people who are rich and greedy (贪婪的). If you help them, the magic will go away, and you will never paint again.”
After Ma Liang woke up, he began painting with the paintbrush. Then magic things happened. All the things he painted came true. He drew food for the hungry people, cows for the farmers and clothes for the people who were cold. However, a rich man heard about the paintbrush. He ordered Ma Liang to draw much more gold for him. But Ma Liang didn’t agree. Then he caught Ma Liang and said, “If you don’t draw for me, I’ll cut off your fingers.”
Ma Liang pretended to give in and drew an island of gold in the middle of the blue sea. “How will I get there?” asked the rich man. Then he drew a boat for him. The rich man took the boat to the island happily.
Ma Liang didn’t want to lose the paintbrush. He thought for a minute. Then Ma Liang drew strong winds and big waves after the boat went far away.
1． gave Ma Liang a paintbrush in Ma Liang’s dream.
2．After Ma Liang woke up, all things he painted .
3．A rich man ordered Ma Liang to draw much for him.
4．The rich man to the island happily.
5．Ma Liang added after the rich man went far away.
Passage 2
Jim and his friends are working on a project about famous people. Here are three cards they made.
Mary Anning
What did she do? She found the fossils (化石) of prehistoric (史前的) animals.
When did she live? She was born in 1799 and died in 1847.
Why is she famous? The fossils she found helped change the way people thought about the world.
Charles Dickens
Who was he? He was a famous English writer.
When did he live? Dickens was born in England in 1812. He died in 1870. His first big success was The Pickwick Papers in 1837.
What was special about his ___▲___? Many of Dickens’ stories came out in weekly or monthly parts as serials (连载). Each month people could read a new chapter in the story. Perhaps this is why Dickens’ books make good films.
Edward Jenner
Who was he? Jenner was the first doctor to help people against smallpox, a dangerous disease. Jenner found a way to prevent people from catching smallpox so that fewer people got ill, and the disease became rare.
When did Jenner live? Jenner was born in 1749. He died in 1823.
Why do we remember Jenner? Today, we are safe from smallpox, thanks to Edward Jenner’s work.
1．What did Mary Anning find?
_______________________________________________________________
2．What was Dickens’ first big success?
_______________________________________________________________
3．What word can you put in the “ ▲ ”?
_______________________________________________________________
4．Who helped people against smallpox?
_______________________________________________________________
5．Which English word means “罕见的” in the text?
_______________________________________________________________
Passage 3
Li Yaoyou never thought his writing would become popular online. The 14-year-old at Wuhan Middle School wrote a biography (传记) for each of his 57 classmates in classical (古典的) Chinese. And now, people are admiring his great talent.
Li’s biographies have more than 8,000 words. He wrote about each of his classmates, including their birthdays and personalities (个性). The ninth grader sees the biographies as a graduation gift to them.
In fact, writing a biography was part of his Chinese homework for winter vacation. Students were asked to read Historical Records (《史记》). Then they had to write a biography for others.
At the beginning, Li just wrote about six classmates he knew well. His teacher then encouraged him to write more. It was a big project, but Li worked hard to complete it successfully. He didn’t know everyone well. So he talked with his classmates’ friends and observed (观察) them carefully. “Once, to write about a girl who I didn’t know well, I talked with her friends for a few days,” he said. “My hard work paid off. I got to know she likes Pikachu and food!”
Expressing his ideas in classical Chinese was not easy. Sometimes, he searched online to learn it. But gradually, his language skills improved. “When I wrote the last 10 pieces, the words came to my mind naturally,” he said. Also, he tried to say something more about each person’s special side. “Even if it is not a good and shining point, I keep it. I want to be objective (客观的),” he said.
1．How many classmates did Li Yaoyou write biographies for?
_______________________________________________________________
2．What did Li write about his classmates in his biographies?
_______________________________________________________________
3．Why did Li start to write biographies for his classmates?
_______________________________________________________________
4．Who encouraged Li to write more after writing about six of his classmates?
_______________________________________________________________
5．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage?
_______________________________________________________________
Passage 4
A female fighter from the northeast front line is the hero we admire. Our school will name the new experiment lab after her.
We realise we cannot leave our dreams behind no matter how hard life is. It is a pity that she passed away at sixty. She was a war survivor and did countless scientific experiments on different soil types to make land productive and feed more people.
A TV presenter once interviewed her deeply, and she recommended young dreamers to work bravely for our socialist republic. We keep her diary entries to remember her selfless, loyal and fearless spirit and follow her footsteps.
1．The school will name the new lab after the female fighter.
2．We must not our dreams easily.
3．The old fighter was a of the terrible war years.
4．She did countless experiments on many kinds of farm soil.
5．We keep her diary to learn her heroic spirit.
Passage 5
Zhong Nanshan is a respected medical hero in China. When public health problems appeared, he rushed to the front line again and again.
As a doctor, he has kept working for medical research for many years. He always tells the truth and puts public health first. He encourages young medical workers to be responsible and brave.
He is admired by millions of people not only for his professional skills, but also for his strong courage and sense of duty.
Many teenagers take him as their role model. They learn to be honest, hard-working and ready to take on challenges.
1．Zhong Nanshan is a respected hero.
2．He rushed to when health problems appeared.
3．He keeps working on for many years.
4．He is admired for his skills, courage and .
5．Teenagers regard him as their .
Passage 6
A businessman was deep in debt (负债) and could see no way out. He felt sad, sat on the park bench and wondered what to do.
Suddenly an old man appeared. After listening to the businessman, the old man wrote out a check (支票) and said to the businessman, “Take this money. Meet me here exactly one year later from today and you can give the money back at that time.” Then the old man walked away.
The businessman saw the check for $500,000, signed by John D．Rockefeller who was one of the richest men in the world!
“I can pay off all my debts at once!” he thought with a smile. But instead, he decided to put the check in his safe (保险箱).
Within a few months, he was out of debt and making money once again.
Exactly one year later, he returned to the park with the check. The old man appeared. But just as the businessman was about to hand back the check, a nurse came up and led the man away. The nurse said the old man was mentally (精神上地) ill and was always telling people he was John D．Rockefeller.
The businessman just stood there, greatly surprised. Suddenly, he realized that it wasn’t the money that had turned his life around. It was his confidence (信心) that had given him the strength.
1．The businessman had no money to pay off his and was in great trouble.
2．In the park, an old man gave him a check and asked him to the money exactly one year later.
3．The businessman met the old man in the one year later.
4．In the end, he found out the old man was not the richest man, but an old man with mental .
5．What had turned the businessman’s life around was not the but his confidence.
Passage 7
When talking about the most famous scientists in China, Zhu Kezhen is certainly among them.
Zhu was born in 1890. He could read at the age of 2. From the story of Dripping Water Wears Through a Stone, he learned that anyone can succeed if he or she keeps trying and never gives up.
In 1910, Zhu went to study in the United States. Then, in 1913, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology. And five years later, he returned to China. In the following ten years, Zhu spent his time on meteorological work in the country. His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned.
In the autumn of 1936, Zhu served as the president of Zhejiang University. At an opening ceremony (典礼), he asked the new students two questions: First, what are you doing here? Second, what kind of person will you become after finishing your schoolwork? Later, he also gave a speech on the spirit of looking for the truth and a strict scientific attitude (态度).
Zhu often said that he was just “a rustless screw”. His whole life is about finding the truth and learning new things.
1．What did Zhu Kezhen learn from the story Dripping Water Wears Through a Stone?
_______________________________________________________________
2．When did Zhu Kezhen return to China?
_______________________________________________________________
3．What was Zhu’s dream?
_______________________________________________________________
4．What did Zhu compare himself to?
_______________________________________________________________
5．If you were a new student at Zhejiang University in 1936, how would you answer Zhu’s questions? Choose one question and write your answer below.
_______________________________________________________________
Passage 8
The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Robert Darwin, was born in England on February 12, 1809. As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He enjoyed watching nature and comparing what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, birds, eggs, stones and leaves.
At sixteen, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831. Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His teacher advised him to go. So when the Beagle left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The trip lasted almost five years. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants.
In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, and there he continued his studies of change in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species (《物种起源》). And then he wrote some other famous books. Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.
1．When and where was Darwin born?
_______________________________________________________________
2．Why was Darwin sent to study in Cambridge University?
_______________________________________________________________
3．What did Darwin work as on the ship Beagle?
_______________________________________________________________
4．What did Darwin see during the trip to South America?
_______________________________________________________________
5．What do you think of Darwin?
_______________________________________________________________
18 / 18乐思英语
学科网（北京）股份有限公司
$考前特训
专题03 补全句子 第四单元测试题型特训（天津专用）
姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________
内容提要
题型分析
解题指导
集中突破
一、题型定位
补全句子（任务型阅读）是天津中考英语的固定题型，要求学生在读懂短文后，用原文信息把句子补全或按要求作答。它考的不是“选对”，而是“写对”：既要找准信息，又要把词形、数量、搭配写准，多写一个 the、少写一个 s 都可能不得分。
本次特训共收录 8 篇材料、40 道小题，篇幅在 99—253 词之间。材料围绕“英雄与榜样”展开，涵盖神笔马良、三位中外科学文化名人卡片、用文言文写传记的少年、女战士与她的日记、钟南山、负债商人与老人的支票、竺可桢，以及达尔文的成长经历。
二、命题特点
（1）两种问法并存：题干给“半句”的只补缺口，题干是 Wh- 问句的须用完整句子作答，只写短语等于没答完。
（2）以原文信息为主，改写为辅：约七成答案可在原文直接找到，但需要按题干要求变形（名词复数、动词过去式、介词短语）。
（3）有字数与词数限制：题干注明“每空一个单词”“不超过 3 个单词”时，超出即判错，务必数清。
（4）简答题要答全：Why 用 Because 引导，When and where 要时间、地点一起写，问几件事就答几件。
（5）最后一题常为开放题：如评价人物、设想自己如何回答，答案不唯一，但要与文章立场一致、语法正确。
三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 40 道小题梳理）
对 40 道小题逐题归类，考点分布如下：
（1）细节信息提取（约 22 题）：如 An old man with a long beard、The Pickwick Papers、1918，直接回文定位即可。
（2）词形与数量（约 6 题）：如 debts、entries、types、achievements 等，题干的主语或限定词决定单复数。
（3）固定搭配还原（约 5 题）：leave … behind、be interested in、make a difference、sense of duty，搭配错一个词即失分。
（4）代词与指代（约 3 题）：如 it 指代什么、the ▲ 处该填什么词，须回到上文找最近的先行内容。
（5）开放表达（约 4 题）：如评价达尔文、设想自己会如何回答竺可桢的两个问题，须观点明确、句子完整。
一、四步解题法
第一步：先看题干，判断问法。补全句子看缺的是主语还是状语；Wh- 问句看问的是人、事、原因还是时间地点。
第二步：带着缺口回文定位。用题干中已给的词做“钥匙”，在原文中找同一句或相邻句，划出信息句。
第三步：按题干要求变形。原文是复数、过去式、动名词，题干的语法位置未必允许，必须改成与题干一致的形式。
第四步：代入通读，核对词数。补全句子把答案读回题干，简答题读成独立句子，检查语法、词数与信息是否答全。
二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨
【点拨1】主语补全题——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“an old man with a long beard (胡子) visited Ma Liang in his dream”，题干是 gave Ma Liang a paintbrush in Ma Liang’s dream，缺的正是动作的发出者。原文主语 an old man with a long beard 必须整段照搬，不能只写 an old man，因为“长胡子”是这道题的区分信息。补主语时，把原文主语的限定成分一并带上。
【点拨2】数量与名词搭配题——以 Passage 1 题 3 为例：原文写道“ordered Ma Liang to draw much more gold for him”，题干是 draw much ________ for him，缺口在 much 之后。much 修饰不可数名词，原文的 more gold 正好对应“更多的金子”，故填 more gold；若写成 many gold 或 more golds 都不成立。看到 much、a lot of、some 之后的空，先想不可数名词。
【点拨3】词义落点题——以 Passage 2 题 5 为例：原文写道“the disease became rare”，题干问 Which English word means “罕见的”，直接锁定 rare。同段还有 dangerous、prevent、fewer 等词，只有 rare 与“罕见的”对应；prevent 是“阻止”，fewer 是“更少的”，都不能替换。问“哪个词意思是……”的题，答案一定是原文原词，不要自己造词。
【点拨4】代词指代题——以 Passage 3 题 5 为例：原文写道“tried to say something more about each person’s special side”，紧接着是 Even if it is not a good and shining point, I keep it，两个 it 都指前面刚提到的“每个人的独特之处”。指代题的做法是：从 it 往前找最近的名词性内容，且单复数、语义都要吻合。不要跳到更远的句子去找。
【点拨5】固定搭配还原题——以 Passage 4 题 2 为例：原文写道“we cannot leave our dreams behind no matter how hard life is”，题干是 We must not ________ our dreams ________ easily，两个缺口正是 leave 与 behind。leave sth behind 意为“把……抛在身后、放弃”，中间插入宾语 dreams。固定搭配题先想“动词 + 介词/副词”的完整骨架，再把宾语放回中间。
【点拨6】品质归纳题——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“He always tells the truth and puts public health first”，前文还有 rushed to the front line again and again。把这些行为归纳成一句，就是“把职责放在第一位”，故填 sense of duty。题干已给出 his skills, courage and，缺的是与前两项并列的名词短语，形式上也必须是名词。归纳题要“由事及质”，不能照抄某个动作。
【点拨7】否定与转折题——以 Passage 6 题 5 为例：原文写道“it wasn’t the money that had turned his life around”，紧接着是 It was his confidence that had given him the strength。题干是 not the ________ but his confidence，缺口就是被否定的 money，也可写 check（支票代表钱）。这类“not A but B”结构，先确认 B 是什么，A 就是与 B 相对的那一项。
【点拨8】目的与理想题——以 Passage 7 题 3 为例：原文写道“His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned”，题干问 What was Zhu’s dream，问的是整件事，须答成 His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned 这样的完整句。同一段还有 study meteorology、returned to China 等动作，但都是为这个梦想服务的，不能当作答案。问“梦想/目的”的题，认准 was to do 或 in order to do 结构。
【点拨9】开放评价题——以 Passage 8 题 5 为例：原文写道“He enjoyed watching nature and comparing what he saw with everything he had read in science books”，全文还写他随 Beagle 号考察、提出进化论观点，可见他既热爱观察又坚持求证。题干问 What do you think of Darwin，答案合理即可，如 I think he was great and hard-working，但评价必须落在文中已有事实上，且用完整的句子作答。开放题也忌空话，最好“一个形容词 + 一个依据”。
三、易错提醒
• 忌“只写关键词不看题干语法”：题干主语是复数、时态是过去时，答案必须跟着变，否则意思对也不给分。
• 忌“超词数”：题干写明 each blank with one word 或不超过 3 个单词时，多写一个冠词就判错。
• 忌“大小写与拼写失分”：句首答案首字母要大写，人名、书名、地名按原文照抄。
• 忌“两种问法混着答”：补全句子只补缺口，Wh- 简答题要写完整句（Why 带 Because）。
• 忌“开放题留白”：最后一题哪怕只写一个完整短句，也比空着强，但必须与文章立场一致。
Passage 1
In a small Chinese town, there lived a poor boy named Ma Liang. He loved drawing. He had no money for a paintbrush. He drew with sticks. One night, an old man with a long beard (胡子) visited Ma Liang in his dream. He gave Ma Liang a paintbrush. “Use this magic paintbrush to help the poor,” he said. “But don’t use it to help people who are rich and greedy (贪婪的). If you help them, the magic will go away, and you will never paint again.”
After Ma Liang woke up, he began painting with the paintbrush. Then magic things happened. All the things he painted came true. He drew food for the hungry people, cows for the farmers and clothes for the people who were cold. However, a rich man heard about the paintbrush. He ordered Ma Liang to draw much more gold for him. But Ma Liang didn’t agree. Then he caught Ma Liang and said, “If you don’t draw for me, I’ll cut off your fingers.”
Ma Liang pretended to give in and drew an island of gold in the middle of the blue sea. “How will I get there?” asked the rich man. Then he drew a boat for him. The rich man took the boat to the island happily.
Ma Liang didn’t want to lose the paintbrush. He thought for a minute. Then Ma Liang drew strong winds and big waves after the boat went far away.
1． gave Ma Liang a paintbrush in Ma Liang’s dream.
2．After Ma Liang woke up, all things he painted .
3．A rich man ordered Ma Liang to draw much for him.
4．The rich man to the island happily.
5．Ma Liang added after the rich man went far away.
【答案】
1．An old man with a long beard 2．came true 3．more gold 4．took the boat 5．strong winds and big waves
【导语】本文讲述了贫穷男孩马良得到一支神笔，用它帮助穷人，并智斗贪婪富人的故事。
【详解】1．第一段提到一位留着长胡子的老人在马良的梦中给了他一支画笔“an old man with a long beard visited Ma Liang... He gave Ma Liang a paintbrush”，答案是原文直接信息，句首需大写。
2．第二段提到马良醒来后，他画的所有东西都变成了现实“All the things he painted came true”，答案是原文直接信息。
3．第二段提到一个富人命令马良为他画更多的金子“ordered Ma Liang to draw much more gold for him”，答案是原文直接信息。
4．第三段提到富人高兴地乘船去了岛上“The rich man took the boat to the island happily”，答案是原文直接信息。
5．第四段提到富人走后，马良画了强风和大浪“drew strong winds and big waves after the boat went far away”，答案是原文直接信息。
Passage 2
Jim and his friends are working on a project about famous people. Here are three cards they made.
Mary Anning
What did she do? She found the fossils (化石) of prehistoric (史前的) animals.
When did she live? She was born in 1799 and died in 1847.
Why is she famous? The fossils she found helped change the way people thought about the world.
Charles Dickens
Who was he? He was a famous English writer.
When did he live? Dickens was born in England in 1812. He died in 1870. His first big success was The Pickwick Papers in 1837.
What was special about his ___▲___? Many of Dickens’ stories came out in weekly or monthly parts as serials (连载). Each month people could read a new chapter in the story. Perhaps this is why Dickens’ books make good films.
Edward Jenner
Who was he? Jenner was the first doctor to help people against smallpox, a dangerous disease. Jenner found a way to prevent people from catching smallpox so that fewer people got ill, and the disease became rare.
When did Jenner live? Jenner was born in 1749. He died in 1823.
Why do we remember Jenner? Today, we are safe from smallpox, thanks to Edward Jenner’s work.
1．What did Mary Anning find?
_______________________________________________________________
2．What was Dickens’ first big success?
_______________________________________________________________
3．What word can you put in the “ ▲ ”?
_______________________________________________________________
4．Who helped people against smallpox?
_______________________________________________________________
5．Which English word means “罕见的” in the text?
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】
1．She found the fossils of prehistoric animals. 2．His first big success was The Pickwick Papers. 3．books 4．Edward Jenner/Jenner 5．rare
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，通过三张卡片信息介绍了三位在科学和文学领域做出杰出贡献的历史名人及其主要成就。
【详解】1．根据“What did she do?”部分的“She found the fossils (化石) of prehistoric (史前的) animals.”可知她发现的是史前动物的化石。题干以 What did 开头，只写名词短语不算答完，须补上主语和谓语。答：She found the fossils of prehistoric animals。
2．根据“When did he live?”部分的“His first big success was The Pickwick Papers in 1837.”可知狄更斯第一部大获成功的作品是 The Pickwick Papers。问句是 What was his first big success，用完整句子作答。答：His first big success was The Pickwick Papers。
3．根据“Charles Dickens”部分的“Many of Dickens’ stories came out…read a new chapter in the story.”可知，回答主要讲述他的故事是如何以连载形式出版的，后文提到“Dickens' books make good films”用books更符合整体语境，答：books。
4．根据“Edward Jenner”卡片中“Who was he?” 部分的“Jenner was the first doctor to help people against smallpox, a dangerous disease.”可知，帮助人们对抗天花的人是Edward Jenner，答：Edward Jenner（Jenner 亦可）。
5．根据“Edward Jenner”卡片中“Who was he?” 部分的“…so that fewer people got ill, and the disease became rare.”可知更少的人生病了，所以这种疾病变得“罕见的、稀少的”，答：rare。
Passage 3
Li Yaoyou never thought his writing would become popular online. The 14-year-old at Wuhan Middle School wrote a biography (传记) for each of his 57 classmates in classical (古典的) Chinese. And now, people are admiring his great talent.
Li’s biographies have more than 8,000 words. He wrote about each of his classmates, including their birthdays and personalities (个性). The ninth grader sees the biographies as a graduation gift to them.
In fact, writing a biography was part of his Chinese homework for winter vacation. Students were asked to read Historical Records (《史记》). Then they had to write a biography for others.
At the beginning, Li just wrote about six classmates he knew well. His teacher then encouraged him to write more. It was a big project, but Li worked hard to complete it successfully. He didn’t know everyone well. So he talked with his classmates’ friends and observed (观察) them carefully. “Once, to write about a girl who I didn’t know well, I talked with her friends for a few days,” he said. “My hard work paid off. I got to know she likes Pikachu and food!”
Expressing his ideas in classical Chinese was not easy. Sometimes, he searched online to learn it. But gradually, his language skills improved. “When I wrote the last 10 pieces, the words came to my mind naturally,” he said. Also, he tried to say something more about each person’s special side. “Even if it is not a good and shining point, I keep it. I want to be objective (客观的),” he said.
1．How many classmates did Li Yaoyou write biographies for?
_______________________________________________________________
2．What did Li write about his classmates in his biographies?
_______________________________________________________________
3．Why did Li start to write biographies for his classmates?
_______________________________________________________________
4．Who encouraged Li to write more after writing about six of his classmates?
_______________________________________________________________
5．What does the underlined word “it” refer to in the passage?
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】
1．57 2．He wrote about their birthdays and personalities. 3．Because it was part of his Chinese homework. 4．His teacher 5．each person’s special side
【导语】本文主要讲述武汉一名14岁学生李曜友用文言文为班上57位同学每人写传记，这份传记原本是寒假语文作业，他认真搜集同学信息完成创作，写作过程中自身的文言能力也得到提升的故事。
【详解】1．第一段提到“Li Yaoyou never thought his writing would become popular online. The 14-year-old at Wuhan Middle School wrote a biography for each of his 57 classmates in classical Chinese.”，李曜友为 57 位同学写传记；问数量答数字。答：57。
2．第二段提到“He wrote about each of his classmates, including their birthdays and personalities.”，他写的是同学们的生日和个性；问 What did he write about 要答完整句。答：He wrote about their birthdays and personalities。
3．第三段提到“In fact, writing a biography was part of his Chinese homework for winter vacation.”，写传记本是寒假语文作业的一部分；问 Why 要用 Because 引导的完整句子。答：Because it was part of his Chinese homework。
4．第四段提到“At the beginning, Li just wrote about six classmates he knew well. His teacher then encouraged him to write more.”，是他的老师鼓励他写更多；问 Who 答人名即可。答：His teacher。
5．第五段提到“Also, he tried to say something more about each person’s special side. ‘Even if it is not a good and shining point, I keep it. I want to be objective,’ he said.”，这里的 it 指每个人（而非美好闪光的那一面）的独特之处。答：each person’s special side。
Passage 4
A female fighter from the northeast front line is the hero we admire. Our school will name the new experiment lab after her.
We realise we cannot leave our dreams behind no matter how hard life is. It is a pity that she passed away at sixty. She was a war survivor and did countless scientific experiments on different soil types to make land productive and feed more people.
A TV presenter once interviewed her deeply, and she recommended young dreamers to work bravely for our socialist republic. We keep her diary entries to remember her selfless, loyal and fearless spirit and follow her footsteps.
1．The school will name the new lab after the female fighter.
2．We must not our dreams easily.
3．The old fighter was a of the terrible war years.
4．She did countless experiments on many kinds of farm soil.
5．We keep her diary to learn her heroic spirit.
【答案】
1．experiment 2．leave behind 3．survivor 4．scientific 5．entries
【导语】本文讲述学校计划以一位经历过战争、潜心土壤科研的女战士命名新实验室，并留存她的日记，传承她坚守理想、无私无畏的精神。
【详解】1．根据“Our school will name the new experiment lab after her.”可知，学校将以这位女战士的名字命名这座新实验室，原文直接内容，直接提取。
2．根据“We realise we cannot leave our dreams behind no matter how hard life is.”可知，不能轻易抛弃梦想，固定短语leave … behind“抛下、抛弃”。
3．根据“She was a war survivor and did countless…”可知，这位老兵是残酷战争岁月的幸存者，原文直接内容，直接提取。
4．根据“did countless scientific experiments on different soil types…”可知，她针对多种农田土壤做了无数科学实验，原文直接内容，直接提取。
5．根据“We keep her diary entries to remember her selfless, loyal and fearless spirit…”可知，此处为固定短语diary entries“日记、日记篇章”，原文直接内容，直接提取。
Passage 5
Zhong Nanshan is a respected medical hero in China. When public health problems appeared, he rushed to the front line again and again.
As a doctor, he has kept working for medical research for many years. He always tells the truth and puts public health first. He encourages young medical workers to be responsible and brave.
He is admired by millions of people not only for his professional skills, but also for his strong courage and sense of duty.
Many teenagers take him as their role model. They learn to be honest, hard-working and ready to take on challenges.
1．Zhong Nanshan is a respected hero.
2．He rushed to when health problems appeared.
3．He keeps working on for many years.
4．He is admired for his skills, courage and .
5．Teenagers regard him as their .
【答案】
1．medical 2．the front line 3．medical research 4．sense of duty 5．role model
【导语】本文主要介绍钟南山是受人尊敬的医学英雄，讲述他在公共卫生事件中挺身而出、潜心医学研究，以及他身上可贵品质影响青少年的事迹。
【详解】1．首段直接给出句子“Zhong Nanshan is a respected medical hero in China.”，因此答案是原文直接信息。
2．首段明确说明“When public health problems appeared, he rushed to the front line again and again.”，这是原文中的关键信息，直接提取。
3．第二段开头直接给出“As a doctor, he has kept working for medical research for many years.”，答案由原文信息转换表达直接得出。
4．第三段明确指出“He is admired by millions of people not only for his professional skills, but also for his strong courage and sense of duty.”，答案为原文信息直接提取。
5．第四段开头直接给出“Many teenagers take him as their role model.”，答案几乎是原文引述。
Passage 6
A businessman was deep in debt (负债) and could see no way out. He felt sad, sat on the park bench and wondered what to do.
Suddenly an old man appeared. After listening to the businessman, the old man wrote out a check (支票) and said to the businessman, “Take this money. Meet me here exactly one year later from today and you can give the money back at that time.” Then the old man walked away.
The businessman saw the check for $500,000, signed by John D．Rockefeller who was one of the richest men in the world!
“I can pay off all my debts at once!” he thought with a smile. But instead, he decided to put the check in his safe (保险箱).
Within a few months, he was out of debt and making money once again.
Exactly one year later, he returned to the park with the check. The old man appeared. But just as the businessman was about to hand back the check, a nurse came up and led the man away. The nurse said the old man was mentally (精神上地) ill and was always telling people he was John D．Rockefeller.
The businessman just stood there, greatly surprised. Suddenly, he realized that it wasn’t the money that had turned his life around. It was his confidence (信心) that had given him the strength.
1．The businessman had no money to pay off his and was in great trouble.
2．In the park, an old man gave him a check and asked him to the money exactly one year later.
3．The businessman met the old man in the one year later.
4．In the end, he found out the old man was not the richest man, but an old man with mental .
5．What had turned the businessman’s life around was not the but his confidence.
【答案】
1．debts 2．return 3．park 4．illness 5．check/money
【导语】本文讲述了一位负债商人因陌生老人的支票重获信心，最终发现支票无效，但信心已助他摆脱困境。
【详解】1．根据“A businessman was deep in debt (负债) and could see no way out”可知商人深陷债务无法脱身。debt“债务”，名词用复数表示泛指，故填debts。
2．根据“Meet me here exactly one year later from today and you can give the money back at that time”可知老人要求一年后归还钱。return“归还”，空前有不定式符号to，动词用原形。故填return。
3．根据“Exactly one year later, he returned to the park with the check”可知一年后商人在公园与老人重逢。park“公园”，故填park。
4．根据“the old man was mentally (精神上地) ill”可知老人患有精神疾病。illness“疾病”，故填illness。
5．根据“it wasn’t the money that had turned his life around”和“the old man wrote out a check (支票) and said to the businessman,”可知，改变他生活的不是钱/支票。check“支票”，money“钱”。故填check/money。
Passage 7
When talking about the most famous scientists in China, Zhu Kezhen is certainly among them.
Zhu was born in 1890. He could read at the age of 2. From the story of Dripping Water Wears Through a Stone, he learned that anyone can succeed if he or she keeps trying and never gives up.
In 1910, Zhu went to study in the United States. Then, in 1913, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology. And five years later, he returned to China. In the following ten years, Zhu spent his time on meteorological work in the country. His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned.
In the autumn of 1936, Zhu served as the president of Zhejiang University. At an opening ceremony (典礼), he asked the new students two questions: First, what are you doing here? Second, what kind of person will you become after finishing your schoolwork? Later, he also gave a speech on the spirit of looking for the truth and a strict scientific attitude (态度).
Zhu often said that he was just “a rustless screw”. His whole life is about finding the truth and learning new things.
1．What did Zhu Kezhen learn from the story Dripping Water Wears Through a Stone?
_______________________________________________________________
2．When did Zhu Kezhen return to China?
_______________________________________________________________
3．What was Zhu’s dream?
_______________________________________________________________
4．What did Zhu compare himself to?
_______________________________________________________________
5．If you were a new student at Zhejiang University in 1936, how would you answer Zhu’s questions? Choose one question and write your answer below.
_______________________________________________________________
【答案】
1．He learned that anyone can succeed if he or she keeps trying and never gives up. 2．1918 3．His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned. 4．He compared himself to a rustless screw. 5．I will become a useful person to our country.（任选一问作答，言之有理即可）
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了竺可桢的生平经历、求学之路、人生理想以及他的治学精神，介绍了他作为著名科学家的事迹与品格。
【详解】1．根据第二段“From the story of Dripping Water Wears Through a Stone, he learned that anyone can succeed if he or she keeps trying and never gives up.”可知，他从滴水穿石的故事学到：只要坚持不懈、永不放弃，任何人都可以成功；问 learned 到什么，要连 he learned that 一并答出。答：He learned that anyone can succeed if he or she keeps trying and never gives up。
2．根据第三段“Then, in 1913, he went to Harvard University to study meteorology. And five years later, he returned to China.”可知，1913年去哈佛，五年后也就是1918年回国。故填1918。
3．根据第三段“His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned.”可知，他的梦想是用所学知识报效国家；问 What was his dream 不能只写 to 之后的内容，要写成完整句。答：His dream was to serve our nation with what he had learned。
4．根据第五段“Zhu often said that he was just “a rustless screw”.”可知，他把自己比作一颗永不生锈的螺丝钉；问 compare himself to 什么，要答成完整句。答：He compared himself to a rustless screw。
5．开放性试题，任选一问作答，观点积极、句子完整即可：答第一问可写 I will study hard and learn more about meteorology.；答第二问可写 I will become a useful person to our country.。
Passage 8
The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Robert Darwin, was born in England on February 12, 1809. As a boy, Charles liked to go for walks in the fields and forests. He enjoyed watching nature and comparing what he saw with everything he had read in science books. He also liked collecting very much. He collected many things, birds, eggs, stones and leaves.
At sixteen, Darwin was sent to Edinburgh University to become a doctor. But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University. There he studied until 1831. Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His teacher advised him to go. So when the Beagle left England in December 1831, Darwin was on it. The trip lasted almost five years. Darwin saw many new plants and animals. He collected all kinds of plants.
In 1842, Darwin went to live in Kent, and there he continued his studies of change in nature. Darwin understood that plants and animals are not always the same, and that they really change.
By 1859, Darwin had finished his famous book The Origin of Species (《物种起源》). And then he wrote some other famous books. Darwin continued his studies in science until he died in 1882.
1．When and where was Darwin born?
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2．Why was Darwin sent to study in Cambridge University?
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3．What did Darwin work as on the ship Beagle?
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4．What did Darwin see during the trip to South America?
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5．What do you think of Darwin?
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【答案】
1．He was born in England on February 12, 1809. 2．Because he was interested in the history of nature. 3．He worked as a scientist. 4．He saw many new plants and animals. 5．I think he was great and hard-working.（答案合理即可）
【导语】本文主要介绍了著名的科学家和思想家达尔文的出生地、求学经历、环球考察以及主要成就。
【详解】1．第一段提到“The famous scientist and thinker, Charles Robert Darwin, was born in England on February 12, 1809.”，题干问 When and where，时间与地点都要写，只写地点算答漏。答：He was born in England on February 12, 1809。
2．第二段指出“But he was interested in the history of nature. Then he was sent to study in Cambridge University.”，两句是因果关系：正因为对自然史感兴趣，才被送去剑桥；问 Why 须用 Because 引导的完整句。答：Because he was interested in the history of nature。
3．第二段提到“Some time later he heard that the ship Beagle was going on a trip to South America and wanted a scientist. His teacher advised him to go.”，Beagle 号此行要的是一名科学家，他随船担任的正是这一角色；问 What … work as 须答 He worked as…。答：He worked as a scientist。
4．第二段指出“The trip lasted almost five years. Darwin saw many new plants and animals.”，问 What did he see 要答成完整句。答：He saw many new plants and animals。
5．全文写他终生研究自然、随船考察、著书立说，可评价为伟大而勤奋；开放题也须写成完整句子。答：I think he was great and hard-working。（答案合理即可）
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