Unit 1 Nature in the balance 一轮复习小测-2027届高考英语一轮复习译林版必修第三册

译林版必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance一轮复习小测 一：阅读词汇（我会认） 1.rainforest n.__________ 2.ecosystem n.__________ 3.species n.__________ 4.habitat n.__________ 5.jungle n.__________ 6.oxygen n.__________ 7.carbon n.__________ 8.balance n.__________ 9.threat n.__________ 10.extinction n.__________ 11.diversity n.__________ 12.conservation n.__________ 13.reserve n.__________ 14.emission n.__________ 15.drought n.__________ 16.predator n.__________ 17.soil n.__________ 18.absorb vt.__________ 19.release vt.__________ 20.fragile adj.__________ 21.sustainable adj.__________ 二：写作词汇（我会写） 1.__________n. 雨林 2.__________n. 生态系统 3.__________n. 物种 4.__________n. 栖息地 5.__________n. 氧气 6.__________n. 平衡 7.__________n. 威胁 8.__________n. 灭绝 9.__________n. 多样性 10.__________n. 保护 11.__________n. 保护区 12.__________n. 排放 13.__________n. 干旱 14.__________vt. 吸收 15.__________vt. 释放 16.__________adj. 脆弱的 17.__________adj. 可持续的 18.__________vi. 幸存 三：本单元重点词性转换 1.survive vi. 幸存→__________n. 幸存→__________n. 幸存者 2.extinct adj. 灭绝的→__________n. 灭绝 3.diverse adj. 多种多样的→__________n. 多样性→__________v. 使多样化 4.conserve vt. 保护→__________n. 保护→__________n. 环保主义者 5.pollute vt. 污染→__________n. 污染→__________n. 污染物→__________adj. 受污染的 6.threaten vt. 威胁→__________n. 威胁→__________adj. 威胁的 7.danger n. 危险→__________adj. 危险的→__________vt. 危及→__________adj. 濒危的 8.ecology n. 生态→__________adj. 生态的→__________n. 生态学家 9.environment n. 环境→__________adj. 环境的→__________adv. 在环境方面；环保地 10.sustain vt. 维持→__________adj. 可持续的→__________n. 可持续性 11.globe n. 地球→__________adj. 全球的→__________adv. 全球地 12.biology n. 生物学→__________adj. 生物的→__________n. 生物学家 13.reduce vt. 减少→__________n. 减少 14.protect vt. 保护→__________n. 保护→__________adj. 保护性的 15.destroy vt. 破坏→__________n. 破坏→__________adj. 破坏性的 16.absorb vt. 吸收→__________n. 吸收→__________adj. 全神贯注的 17.nature n. 自然→__________adj. 自然的→__________adv. 自然地→__________n. 博物学家 18.vary v. 变化→__________n. 多样性→__________adj. 各种各样的 四：本单元重点短语（我会用） 1.__________在……中起重要作用 2.__________充满（有生命的或移动的东西） 3.__________大量的；一大片 4.__________反过来；依次 5.__________是……的栖息地 6.__________灭绝 7.__________处于……的危险中 8.__________意识到 9.__________采取行动 10.__________砍倒 11.__________促成；有助于 12.__________适应 13.__________对……负责 14.__________以……为代价 15.__________从长远看 16.__________使……保持平衡 17.__________以……为食 18.__________消灭；清除 19.__________呼吁；号召 20.__________依赖；取决于 五：本单元重点单词语法填空 survive 1.Few animals can ________ (survival) in a forest that is being cut down at such a speed. 2.The ________ (survive) of the species depends on whether its habitat can be protected in the next few years. 3.The last ________ (survive) of the fire was found by a rescue team three days later in the valley. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Those plants that ________ (survive) the long drought produced far fewer seeds than the ones growing beside the river. extinct 1.The bird became ________ (extinction) soon after the forest where it lived was turned into farmland. 2.Scientists warn that the ________ (extinct) of this species would upset the whole food chain in the lake. 3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷改编) The report lists more than a hundred species that are in danger of ________ (extinct) within the next thirty years. diverse 1.The forest is home to a ________ (diversity) range of plants and animals, many of which have never been named. 2.The ________ (diverse) of life in the rainforest is what makes it so valuable to the whole planet. 3.Farmers here grow a ________ (diverse) of crops so that a single storm cannot destroy the whole harvest. 4.Over the past ten years the zoo has ________ (diversity) its collection in order to attract more visitors. conserve 1.Local people have been working hard to ________ (conservation) the wetland that their grandparents once hunted in. 2.The ________ (conserve) of the reef requires close cooperation between the government and local fishermen. 3.As a ________ (conserve), she has spent twenty years studying the tigers that live in this reserve. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷改编) Water ________ (conserve) measures have been introduced in the city, and households now use a third less than they did five years ago. pollute 1.The river ________ (pollution) by waste from the paper factory for more than a decade before the plant was closed. 2.Air ________ (pollute) in the valley has worsened since the new road opened last spring. 3.The ________ (pollute) water killed most of the fish in the lake within a week. 4.Factories must cut the ________ (pollute) they release into the air by half before the end of next year. threaten 1.Rising sea levels ________ (threat) to swallow the whole village within the next fifty years. 2.The greatest ________ (threaten) to the reef is the warming of the sea rather than the tourists. 3.The ________ (threaten) rise in temperature worries scientists who have been studying the glacier for twenty years. 4.Species that cannot adapt quickly are ________ (threat) with extinction as their habitats disappear. danger 1.Hunters have ________ (danger) several species in this area, and some of them may disappear within a few years. 2.The ________ (danger) tiger is protected by law, and anyone who hunts it will be punished. 3.Plastic waste in the ocean is a serious ________ (dangerous) to sea birds and turtles. 4.The old bridge is in ________ (dangerous) of collapsing after the flood that swept through the valley last month. ecology 1.The ________ (ecology) balance of the lake was destroyed by the introduction of a foreign fish. 2.She studies the ________ (ecological) of the wetlands and advises the government on how to protect them. 3.Scientists are looking for an ________ (ecology) friendly way to control the insects that attack the crop. environment 1.The new factory meets the strictest ________ (environment) standards in the country, and inspectors visit it twice a year. 2.Children growing up in a poor ________ (environmental) are more likely to suffer from asthma. 3.(2026·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) ________ (environment) friendly products now make up a third of everything sold in the store. 4.The company was heavily fined for damaging the ________ (environmental) around the lake and for hiding the truth from the public. sustain 1.The farm cannot ________ (sustainable) so many cattle on such a small area of land. 2.________ (sustain) tourism is the only way to protect the island's reefs and still welcome visitors. 3.Nobody doubts the ________ (sustain) of the present model of economic growth, which has lifted millions out of poverty. reduce 1.The government hopes to ________ (reduction) carbon emissions by forty per cent before 2030, according to the plan published last week. 2.A sharp ________ (reduce) in rainfall has left the reservoirs dangerously low, and the city may have to limit water use this summer. 3.The number of birds in the wetland ________ (reduce) by half since the dam was built. protect 1.The new law is designed to ________ (protection) the remaining forests from illegal logging. 2.The ________ (protect) of wild animals depends on ordinary people as much as on scientists. 3.The turtles are ________ (protect) by a ban on collecting their eggs on the beach. 4.Workers must wear ________ (protect) clothing when they handle the chemicals that are used in the production of the medicine. destroy 1.The storm ________ (destruction) hundreds of homes along the coast last August and left thousands of families without shelter for weeks. 2.The ________ (destroy) of the rainforest has released huge amounts of carbon into the air. 3.Logging has a ________ (destroy) effect on the soil, which is washed away by heavy rain. 4.Wetlands that ________ (destroy) in the past are now being restored at great cost. absorb 1.Trees ________ (absorption) carbon dioxide and release oxygen into the air, which is why forests are called the lungs of the Earth. 2.The ________ (absorb) of water by the roots slows down when the soil is frozen. 3.She was so ________ (absorb) in her book that she did not hear the phone ring. nature 1.The park was created to protect the ________ (nature) habitat of the deer that once roamed the whole valley. 2.________ (nature), people are worried about the future of the planet when they watch the news. 3.He is a ________ (nature) who has spent his whole life recording the birds of this valley. vary 1.The climate here ________ (variety) from wet in the south to dry in the north. 2.The rainforest contains a wide ________ (vary) of plants, insects and birds, many of which have never been studied. 3.________ (vary) reasons have been given for the fall in the number of bees. 六：本单元重点句型归纳总结 句型1：状语从句中的省略 [教材原句]As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要作用。 用法归纳 1.在 when、while、if、though、as、unless 等引导的状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语为 it，可省略从句主语和 be 动词，只保留分词、形容词、介词短语等。 2.省略后保留 -ing 形式，说明从句主语与主句主语是主动关系；保留 -ed 形式，则为被动关系，如 While working in the forest 与 If left alone。 3.as 还可表示“正如”：as expected、as mentioned above 属省略结构（相当于 as is expected、as is mentioned above）；但 as is often the case 中的 as 是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，句子成分完整，不属于省略。 单句语法填空 1.While ________ (work) in the forest, the scientists recorded every bird they heard. 2.If ________ (leave) alone, the young trees will grow into a thick forest in twenty years. 3.Though ________ (tire), the volunteers carried on clearing the rubbish from the river bank. 4.When ________ (ask) why she joined the project, she said she wanted to save the wetlands. 5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Once ________ (introduce) into a new lake, the fish multiplies quickly and drives out local species. 写作训练 1.在森林里工作时，科学家们记录下了他们听到的每一种鸟。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 2.如果任其生长，这些小树二十年后会长成一片茂密的森林。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 3.尽管很累，志愿者们仍继续清理河岸上的垃圾。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 4.当被问及为何加入这个项目时，她说她想拯救湿地。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句型2：并列句中的省略 [教材原句]Some of the animals feed on the fruit of the trees, and others on the leaves of the taller plants. 有些动物以树上的果实为食，另一些则以较高植物的叶子为食。 用法归纳 1.并列句中，后一分句与前一分句相同的成分可以省略，常见的是省略谓语动词、助动词之后的实义动词、宾语或主语。 2.省略后往往保留助动词、情态动词或 be 动词，并用 so、neither、nor 引起倒装：He can swim, and so can his sister. 3."and/but/or + 主语" 结构中若后句谓语与前句相同，只保留不同部分，避免重复。 单句语法填空 1.The panda feeds mainly on bamboo, and ________ does the red panda that shares its forest. 2.He has never seen a real rainforest, and ________ has his brother, though both love nature. 3.Some plants need full sunlight, while ________ prefer the cool shade of taller trees. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编) The government has promised to protect the wetland, and so ________ several local companies. 5.Visitors must not pick the flowers, and ________ must they leave any rubbish behind. 写作训练 1.熊猫主要吃竹子，小熊猫也是如此。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 2.他从未见过雨林，他弟弟也没有。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 3.有些植物需要充足的阳光，而另一些则喜欢高大树木的阴凉。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 4.政府已承诺保护这片湿地，几家当地公司也是如此。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句型3：不定式及比较结构中的省略 [教材原句]You may walk along the forest path if you want to, but you must not leave the marked route. 如果你愿意，可以沿森林小径散步，但不得离开标示的路线。 用法归纳 1.在 want to、hope to、expect to、try to、would love to、be glad to 等结构后，为避免重复常省略 to 后的动词，只保留 to。 2.若省略的是 be 动词或完成式的 have，则保留 be 或 have，如 He is taller than he used to be. / She has lived here longer than anyone else has. 3.than、as 引导的比较从句中，与主句相同的部分常省略，只保留比较的对象或助动词。 单句语法填空 1.— Would you like to join the clean-up this Saturday? — I'd love ________, but I have a class then. 2.The river is far more polluted than it used to ________ (be) twenty years ago. 3.Fewer birds nest in this valley now than ________ (do) ten years ago. 4.You can use my camera if you want ________, but do not take it into the water. 5.(2025·北京卷改编) The forest is much smaller than it ________ (be) when my grandfather was a boy. 写作训练 1.——你愿意参加清理活动吗？——我很愿意，但那时我有课。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 2.这条河比二十年前污染严重得多。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 3.现在在这里筑巢的鸟比十年前少了。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 4.如果你愿意，可以用我的相机。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 句型4：宾语从句、定语从句中 that 的省略 [教材原句]Scientists believe that the loss of habitat is the biggest threat to these birds. 科学家认为栖息地的丧失是这些鸟类面临的最大威胁。 用法归纳 1.宾语从句中 that 常可省略，尤其在 believe、think、say、hope、know、find 等动词之后。 2.定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 that/which/whom 可以省略，作主语时不能省略。 3.同位语从句中的 that 一般不省略；that 引导的主语从句置于句首时也不能省略。 单句语法填空 1.Many scientists believe ________ the rainforest will disappear within fifty years unless logging is stopped. 2.The report ________ the government published last week warns of a sharp fall in bird numbers. 3.The idea ________ wolves should be reintroduced into the park has divided local farmers. 4.________ the forest is still home to so many species surprises the researchers. 5.(2026·浙江1月卷改编) Everyone ________ visited the reserve agreed that the wetland must be protected. 写作训练 1.许多科学家认为，如果不停止砍伐，这片雨林将在五十年内消失。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 2.政府上周发布的报告警告说鸟类数量急剧下降。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 3.狼应该被重新引入公园这一想法使当地农民产生分歧。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 4.森林仍然是这么多物种的家园，这让研究人员感到惊讶。 _________________________________________________________________________________________________. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 译林版必修三 Unit 1 Nature in the balance一轮复习小测 一：阅读词汇（我会认） 1.rainforest n. 雨林 2.ecosystem n. 生态系统 3.species n. 物种 4.habitat n. 栖息地 5.jungle n. 丛林 6.oxygen n. 氧气 7.carbon n. 碳 8.balance n. 平衡 9.threat n. 威胁 10.extinction n. 灭绝 11.diversity n. 多样性 12.conservation n. 保护 13.reserve n. 保护区 14.emission n. 排放 15.drought n. 干旱 16.predator n. 捕食者 17.soil n. 土壤 18.absorb vt. 吸收；理解 19.release vt. 释放；发布 20.fragile adj. 脆弱的 21.sustainable adj. 可持续的 二：写作词汇（我会写） 1.rainforest n. 雨林 2.ecosystem n. 生态系统 3.species n. 物种 4.habitat n. 栖息地 5.oxygen n. 氧气 6.balance n. 平衡 7.threat n. 威胁 8.extinction n. 灭绝 9.diversity n. 多样性 10.conservation n. 保护 11.reserve n. 保护区 12.emission n. 排放 13.drought n. 干旱 14.absorb vt. 吸收 15.release vt. 释放 16.fragile adj. 脆弱的 17.sustainable adj. 可持续的 18.survive vi. 幸存 三：本单元重点词性转换 1.survive vi. 幸存→survival n. 幸存→survivor n. 幸存者 2.extinct adj. 灭绝的→extinction n. 灭绝 3.diverse adj. 多种多样的→diversity n. 多样性→diversify v. 使多样化 4.conserve vt. 保护→conservation n. 保护→conservationist n. 环保主义者 5.pollute vt. 污染→pollution n. 污染→pollutant n. 污染物→polluted adj. 受污染的 6.threaten vt. 威胁→threat n. 威胁→threatening adj. 威胁的 7.danger n. 危险→dangerous adj. 危险的→endanger vt. 危及→endangered adj. 濒危的 8.ecology n. 生态→ecological adj. 生态的→ecologist n. 生态学家 9.environment n. 环境→environmental adj. 环境的→environmentally adv. 在环境方面；环保地 10.sustain vt. 维持→sustainable adj. 可持续的→sustainability n. 可持续性 11.globe n. 地球→global adj. 全球的→globally adv. 全球地 12.biology n. 生物学→biological adj. 生物的→biologist n. 生物学家 13.reduce vt. 减少→reduction n. 减少 14.protect vt. 保护→protection n. 保护→protective adj. 保护性的 15.destroy vt. 破坏→destruction n. 破坏→destructive adj. 破坏性的 16.absorb vt. 吸收→absorption n. 吸收→absorbed adj. 全神贯注的 17.nature n. 自然→natural adj. 自然的→naturally adv. 自然地→naturalist n. 博物学家 18.vary v. 变化→variety n. 多样性→various adj. 各种各样的 四：本单元重点短语（我会用） 1.play a significant role in 在……中起重要作用 2.be alive with 充满（有生命的或移动的东西） 3.a huge sea of 大量的；一大片 4.in turn 反过来；依次 5.be home to 是……的栖息地 6.die out 灭绝 7.be in danger of 处于……的危险中 8.be aware of 意识到 9.take action 采取行动 10.cut down 砍倒 11.contribute to 促成；有助于 12.adapt to 适应 13.be responsible for 对……负责 14.at the expense of 以……为代价 15.in the long term 从长远看 16.keep ... in balance 使……保持平衡 17.feed on 以……为食 18.wipe out 消灭；清除 19.call on 呼吁；号召 20.depend on 依赖；取决于 五：本单元重点单词语法填空 survive 1.Few animals can survive (survival) in a forest that is being cut down at such a speed. 2.The survival (survive) of the species depends on whether its habitat can be protected in the next few years. 3.The last survivor (survive) of the fire was found by a rescue team three days later in the valley. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Those plants that survived (survive) the long drought produced far fewer seeds than the ones growing beside the river. extinct 1.The bird became extinct (extinction) soon after the forest where it lived was turned into farmland. 2.Scientists warn that the extinction (extinct) of this species would upset the whole food chain in the lake. 3.(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷改编) The report lists more than a hundred species that are in danger of extinction (extinct) within the next thirty years. diverse 1.The forest is home to a diverse (diversity) range of plants and animals, many of which have never been named. 2.The diversity (diverse) of life in the rainforest is what makes it so valuable to the whole planet. 3.Farmers here grow a diversity (diverse) of crops so that a single storm cannot destroy the whole harvest. 4.Over the past ten years the zoo has diversified (diversity) its collection in order to attract more visitors. conserve 1.Local people have been working hard to conserve (conservation) the wetland that their grandparents once hunted in. 2.The conservation (conserve) of the reef requires close cooperation between the government and local fishermen. 3.As a conservationist (conserve), she has spent twenty years studying the tigers that live in this reserve. 4.(2025·浙江1月卷改编) Water conservation (conserve) measures have been introduced in the city, and households now use a third less than they did five years ago. pollute 1.The river had been polluted (pollution) by waste from the paper factory for more than a decade before the plant was closed. 2.Air pollution (pollute) in the valley has worsened since the new road opened last spring. 3.The polluted (pollute) water killed most of the fish in the lake within a week. 4.Factories must cut the pollutants (pollute) they release into the air by half before the end of next year. threaten 1.Rising sea levels threaten (threat) to swallow the whole village within the next fifty years. 2.The greatest threat (threaten) to the reef is the warming of the sea rather than the tourists. 3.The threatening (threaten) rise in temperature worries scientists who have been studying the glacier for twenty years. 4.Species that cannot adapt quickly are threatened (threat) with extinction as their habitats disappear. danger 1.Hunters have endangered (danger) several species in this area, and some of them may disappear within a few years. 2.The endangered (danger) tiger is protected by law, and anyone who hunts it will be punished. 3.Plastic waste in the ocean is a serious danger (dangerous) to sea birds and turtles. 4.The old bridge is in danger (dangerous) of collapsing after the flood that swept through the valley last month. ecology 1.The ecological (ecology) balance of the lake was destroyed by the introduction of a foreign fish. 2.She studies the ecology (ecological) of the wetlands and advises the government on how to protect them. 3.Scientists are looking for an ecologically (ecology) friendly way to control the insects that attack the crop. environment 1.The new factory meets the strictest environmental (environment) standards in the country, and inspectors visit it twice a year. 2.Children growing up in a poor environment (environmental) are more likely to suffer from asthma. 3.(2026·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Environmentally (environment) friendly products now make up a third of everything sold in the store. 4.The company was heavily fined for damaging the environment (environmental) around the lake and for hiding the truth from the public. sustain 1.The farm cannot sustain (sustainable) so many cattle on such a small area of land. 2.Sustainable (sustain) tourism is the only way to protect the island's reefs and still welcome visitors. 3.Nobody doubts the sustainability (sustain) of the present model of economic growth, which has lifted millions out of poverty. reduce 1.The government hopes to reduce (reduction) carbon emissions by forty per cent before 2030, according to the plan published last week. 2.A sharp reduction (reduce) in rainfall has left the reservoirs dangerously low, and the city may have to limit water use this summer. 3.The number of birds in the wetland has been reduced (reduce) by half since the dam was built. protect 1.The new law is designed to protect (protection) the remaining forests from illegal logging. 2.The protection (protect) of wild animals depends on ordinary people as much as on scientists. 3.The turtles are protected (protect) by a ban on collecting their eggs on the beach. 4.Workers must wear protective (protect) clothing when they handle the chemicals that are used in the production of the medicine. destroy 1.The storm destroyed (destruction) hundreds of homes along the coast last August and left thousands of families without shelter for weeks. 2.The destruction (destroy) of the rainforest has released huge amounts of carbon into the air. 3.Logging has a destructive (destroy) effect on the soil, which is washed away by heavy rain. 4.Wetlands that were destroyed (destroy) in the past are now being restored at great cost. absorb 1.Trees absorb (absorption) carbon dioxide and release oxygen into the air, which is why forests are called the lungs of the Earth. 2.The absorption (absorb) of water by the roots slows down when the soil is frozen. 3.She was so absorbed (absorb) in her book that she did not hear the phone ring. nature 1.The park was created to protect the natural (nature) habitat of the deer that once roamed the whole valley. 2.Naturally (nature), people are worried about the future of the planet when they watch the news. 3.He is a naturalist (nature) who has spent his whole life recording the birds of this valley. vary 1.The climate here varies (variety) from wet in the south to dry in the north. 2.The rainforest contains a wide variety (vary) of plants, insects and birds, many of which have never been studied. 3.Various (vary) reasons have been given for the fall in the number of bees. 六：本单元重点句型归纳总结 句型1：状语从句中的省略 [教材原句]As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth's ecosystem. 作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维持地球生态系统的良好平衡方面发挥着重要作用。 用法归纳 1.在 when、while、if、though、as、unless 等引导的状语从句中，若从句主语与主句主语一致，或从句主语为 it，可省略从句主语和 be 动词，只保留分词、形容词、介词短语等。 2.省略后保留 -ing 形式，说明从句主语与主句主语是主动关系；保留 -ed 形式，则为被动关系，如 While working in the forest 与 If left alone。 3.as 还可表示“正如”：as expected、as mentioned above 属省略结构（相当于 as is expected、as is mentioned above）；但 as is often the case 中的 as 是关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，句子成分完整，不属于省略。 单句语法填空 1.While working (work) in the forest, the scientists recorded every bird they heard. 2.If left (leave) alone, the young trees will grow into a thick forest in twenty years. 3.Though tired (tire), the volunteers carried on clearing the rubbish from the river bank. 4.When asked (ask) why she joined the project, she said she wanted to save the wetlands. 5.(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷改编) Once introduced (introduce) into a new lake, the fish multiplies quickly and drives out local species. 写作训练 1.While working in the forest, the scientists recorded every bird they heard. 2.If left alone, these young trees will grow into a thick forest in twenty years. 3.Though tired, the volunteers went on clearing the rubbish from the river bank. 4.When asked why she joined the project, she said she wanted to save the wetlands. 句型2：并列句中的省略 [教材原句]Some of the animals feed on the fruit of the trees, and others on the leaves of the taller plants. 有些动物以树上的果实为食，另一些则以较高植物的叶子为食。 用法归纳 1.并列句中，后一分句与前一分句相同的成分可以省略，常见的是省略谓语动词、助动词之后的实义动词、宾语或主语。 2.省略后往往保留助动词、情态动词或 be 动词，并用 so、neither、nor 引起倒装：He can swim, and so can his sister. 3."and/but/or + 主语" 结构中若后句谓语与前句相同，只保留不同部分，避免重复。 单句语法填空 1.The panda feeds mainly on bamboo, and so does the red panda that shares its forest. 2.He has never seen a real rainforest, and neither has his brother, though both love nature. 3.Some plants need full sunlight, while others prefer the cool shade of taller trees. 4.(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷改编) The government has promised to protect the wetland, and so have several local companies. 5.Visitors must not pick the flowers, and neither must they leave any rubbish behind. 写作训练 1.The panda feeds mainly on bamboo, and so does the red panda. 2.He has never seen a rainforest, and neither has his brother. 3.Some plants need full sunlight, while others prefer the shade of taller trees. 4.The government has promised to protect the wetland, and so have several local companies. 句型3：不定式及比较结构中的省略 [教材原句]You may walk along the forest path if you want to, but you must not leave the marked route. 如果你愿意，可以沿森林小径散步，但不得离开标示的路线。 用法归纳 1.在 want to、hope to、expect to、try to、would love to、be glad to 等结构后，为避免重复常省略 to 后的动词，只保留 to。 2.若省略的是 be 动词或完成式的 have，则保留 be 或 have，如 He is taller than he used to be. / She has lived here longer than anyone else has. 3.than、as 引导的比较从句中，与主句相同的部分常省略，只保留比较的对象或助动词。 单句语法填空 1.— Would you like to join the clean-up this Saturday? — I'd love to, but I have a class then. 2.The river is far more polluted than it used to be (be) twenty years ago. 3.Fewer birds nest in this valley now than did (do) ten years ago. 4.You can use my camera if you want to, but do not take it into the water. 5.(2025·北京卷改编) The forest is much smaller than it was (be) when my grandfather was a boy. 写作训练 1.— Would you like to join the clean-up? — I'd love to, but I have a class then. 2.The river is far more polluted than it used to be twenty years ago. 3.Fewer birds nest here now than did ten years ago. 4.You can use my camera if you want to. 句型4：宾语从句、定语从句中 that 的省略 [教材原句]Scientists believe that the loss of habitat is the biggest threat to these birds. 科学家认为栖息地的丧失是这些鸟类面临的最大威胁。 用法归纳 1.宾语从句中 that 常可省略，尤其在 believe、think、say、hope、know、find 等动词之后。 2.定语从句中作宾语的关系代词 that/which/whom 可以省略，作主语时不能省略。 3.同位语从句中的 that 一般不省略；that 引导的主语从句置于句首时也不能省略。 单句语法填空 1.Many scientists believe that the rainforest will disappear within fifty years unless logging is stopped. 2.The report that/which the government published last week warns of a sharp fall in bird numbers. 3.The idea that wolves should be reintroduced into the park has divided local farmers. 4.That the forest is still home to so many species surprises the researchers. 5.(2026·浙江1月卷改编) Everyone who/that visited the reserve agreed that the wetland must be protected. 写作训练 1.Many scientists believe that the rainforest will disappear within fifty years unless logging is stopped. 2.The report that the government published last week warns of a sharp fall in bird numbers. 3.The idea that wolves should be reintroduced into the park has divided local farmers. 4.That the forest is still home to so many species surprises the researchers. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $