精品解析：山东烟台市芝罘区 2026-2027学年八年级上学期阶段学情自测英语试题

初三英语 温馨提示： 1．本试卷满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Wang Xizhi was a famous Chinese calligrapher. He lived in the Jin Dynasty. People call him the “Sage (圣人) of Calligraphy”. When he was young, he loved writing. He practised every day. Once, he was so focused that he forgot to eat. His family brought him food, but he dipped his food in ink by mistake! He liked geese. He watched how geese moved their necks and used the idea in his writing. His most famous work is “Lantingji Xu” (兰亭集序). It is one of the best works of Chinese calligraphy. Chinese calligraphy is not just writing. It is an art. It uses brush, ink, paper and inkstone (砚). These are called the “Four Treasures of the Study”. Calligraphy can show a person’s feelings. When you write, you should be calm and careful. Today, many young people learn calligraphy. They find it a good way to relax and learn Chinese culture. Some schools have calligraphy clubs. Students can write poems and famous sayings. They also learn that practice makes perfect. 1. What do people call Wang Xizhi? A. The Sage of Calligraphy. B. The King of Music. C. The Father of Chinese. D. The Greatest Poet. 2. What is Wang Xizhi’s famous work? A. Ode (颂歌) to the Geese. B. Lantingji Xu. C. Semi-cursive script (Xingshu). D. Poems and Paintings. 3. What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase “Four Treasures of the Study”? A. 文人墨客 B. 四书五经 C. 琴棋书画 D. 文房四宝 B Nowadays more teenagers start to take exercise. Some love ball games. Others try traditional Chinese sports such as Taijiquan. Taijiquan is welcomed by both the young and old. People practise it in parks early in the morning. Slow movements help people relax their bodies and reduce stress. However, exercise can also bring injuries if you are careless. Many students get hurt in PE classes or after-school sports. Common problems include sore muscles, cuts, knee-hurts and backaches. What can we do to keep safe while exercising? First, warm yourself up before you start sports. If you jump or run without warming up, you may easily hurt yourself. Second, you should listen to your own body. You shouldn’t push yourself too hard. If you feel great pain, you must stop exercising right away. You could rest for some time instead of keeping going. Third, learn simple self-care skills. For small cuts, clean the wound and put on bandages. If your knees hurt badly, you should see a doctor rather than keep playing sports. Remember, the purpose of exercise is to make us healthy, not to push our bodies to the limit (限制). Health is not everything, but you have nothing without it. 4. Who likes doing Taijiquan according to the text? A. Only old people. B. Only teenagers. C. Both young and old people. D. Nobody in modern cities. 5. Which is NOT a common sport-related injury in the passage? A. Sore muscles. B. Backache. C. Serious fever. D. Knee hurts. 6. What should you do if you feel great pain while exercising? A. Keep exercising as usual. B. Stop and have a rest. C. Push yourself harder. D. Do more warm-up exercises. 7. What is the main purpose of doing exercise according to the text? A. To win all kinds of sports games. B. To make our bodies healthy. C. To push our bodies to the limit. D. To learn self-care skills. C Many teenagers have hobbies. Some hobbies are just for fun, but some can also help us deal with emotions. Let’s meet two students. Lily is 14. She likes painting. She started painting when she was ten. At that time, she felt lonely because she moved to a new city. She had no friends. One day, her mother gave her some paints. Lily began to paint pictures of her old home and her new school. “When I paint, I forget my worries,” she says. “Painting helps me express my feelings. Sometimes I paint a dark picture when I am sad. After that, I feel better.” Now Lily has many friends, but she still paints every weekend. Ben is 15. He loves running. He joined the school running club last year. At first, he couldn’t run fast. He felt upset and wanted to give up. His coach said, “Don’t be too hard on yourself. The first step is always the hardest.” Ben kept practising. Now he can run 3 kilometres. “Running makes me feel strong and confident,” Ben says. “When I feel stressed, I go for a run. It helps me clear my mind.” Lily and Ben have different hobbies, but both hobbies help them stay positive. Hobbies can be a way to relax, to express feelings, and to make friends. If you feel sad or stressed, try to find a hobby. It may take time, but it can make your life better. Remember: you don’t need to be perfect. You just need to enjoy it. 8. Why did Lily start painting at the age of ten? A. She wanted to make money. B. She felt lonely after moving to a new city. C. Her friends asked her to learn it. D. She hoped to join a painting club. 9. What does Lily get from painting? A. It helps her express her feelings. B. It teaches her how to run fast. C. It helps her forget her new school. D. It makes her become perfect. 10. Which of the following is TRUE about Ben? A. He could run very fast when he joined the club. B. He never wanted to give up running. C. He keeps practising and can run 3 kilometres now. D. His mother told him not to be hard on himself. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to make more friends at school. B. Two teenagers’ hobbies and their good influence. C. Different kinds of emotions for students. D. Advice on how to become a perfect person. D China is a large country with many natural wonders. From high mountains to deep lakes, there is always something amazing to see. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is 8,848.86 metres high. It is in the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉). Climbers from all over the world come to challenge it. In 1960, a Chinese team reached the top from the northern side for the first time. They showed great courage. Today, scientists still study the mountain. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It is about 5,464 kilometres long. It is called the “mother river” because it helped ancient Chinese civilization (文明) grow. The water carries yellow soil (泥土), so it looks yellow. Hukou Waterfall (壶口瀑布) is a famous part of the river. It is very powerful and loud. Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in China. It is a salt lake in Qinghai Province. It covers about 4, 300 square kilometres. The water is blue and clear. Many birds and fish live there. Visitors can ride a bike or a horse around the lake. They can also take photos of the beautiful scenery. Zhangjiajie is famous for its tall stone pillars (石柱). They look like something from a movie. In fact, some scenes (场景) of Avatar (《阿凡达》) were filmed there. Every year, millions of visitors come to see the mountains. They take a cable car (缆车) and walk on glass bridges. These natural wonders are beautiful, but they are also fragile. We should protect them. We should not throw rubbish or hurt animals. When we visit, we should follow the rules. Nature gives us so much. Let’s take care of it. 12. Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river” ? A. Because its water is yellow. B. Because it helped ancient Chinese civilization develop. C. Because Hukou Waterfall lies on it. D. Because it is the longest river in China. 13. What can visitors do around Qinghai Lake? A. Ride a bike or a horse. B. Climb tall stone pillars. C. Challenge the high mountain. D. Take photos of waterfalls. 14. The underlined word “fragile” in the last paragraph most probably means A. cold and quiet B. large and wonderful C. easy to get hurt or broken D. high and dangerous 15. Which of the following is TRUE about Zhangjiajie? A. It is a famous salt lake. B. It is home to lots of fish and birds. C. A Chinese team got to its top in 1960. D. Some parts of Avatar were filmed there. 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The story of pulling seedlings (幼苗) from Mencius (孟子) carries deep life wisdom for modern teenagers. Long ago, a farmer worried that his rice seedlings grew too slowly. ____16____ He wished the crops could grow up rapidly. Days went by, and the seedlings still grew at their natural speed. He could hardly stand waiting any longer. One day he came up with a so-called clever plan. ____17____. He felt very tired but satisfied (满意) after finishing the heavy work. He told his family excitedly that he had helped the rice grow faster. His son felt confused (困惑). ____18____ To his shock, all the rice seedlings had died. ____19____ You cannot force progress to happen overnight. This truth also applies to teenagers’ growth. Although you are eager for improvement, you cannot push yourself beyond your own limits. ____20____ Don’t be too hard on yourself. True growth comes step by step. A. This ancient story tells us everything follows its own natural rules. B. He worked in his fields until it was midnight. C. Every day he visited his farmland and watched the plants. D. You won’t achieve real progress until you respect rules and keep patient. E. He walked through the fields and pulled every seedling upward to make them look taller. F. He hurried to the farmland early next morning. 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Basic first-aid knowledge matters a lot for middle-school students. Accidents are unpredictable (不可预测的), and knowing simple skills can make a real ____21____ in daily life. Last term, a lecture at our school left a deep impression (印象) on me. The invited doctor shared a real-life ____22____ accident case (情况). A 14-year-old boy planned to cook supper for his family. He poured cooking oil into the pan and ____23____ the stove. While waiting for the oil to heat, he heard his best friend call him from the yard. He rushed out to chat and totally forgot the hot ____24____ on the stove. Minutes later, thick smoke ____25____ the kitchen. The oil caught fire. In a panic, the boy got water and prepared to pour it into the ____26____ pan. Luckily, his elder cousin stopped him right in time. As is known to us, water will make oil-fire spread (扩散) rapidly. The cousin turned off the stove and covered the pan tightly ____27____ a thick metal lid (盖子) to cut off oxygen (氧气). The fire died out soon. From this lesson, I have learned valuable safety rules. Never leave a hot stove ____28____ anyone watching it. If cooking oil catches fire, never pour water. ____29____ kitchen safety, we are also supposed to learn how to deal with small cuts, burns and nosebleeds. These skills may seem simple, yet they can ____30____ ourselves and people around us in sudden danger. 21. A. decision B. difference C. mistake D. solution 22. A. traffic B. hospital C. kitchen D. school 23. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down 24. A. dish B. gas C. water D. oil 25. A. burnt B. crossed C. filled D. knocked 26. A. boiling B. steaming C. shining D. burning 27. A. with B. on C. under D. through 28. A. until B. unless C. without D. with 29. A. Except B. Besides C. Since D. Instead 30. A. protect B. stop C. enjoy D. survive 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hiking is very popular among Chinese teenagers as a free-time hobby. It is good for our bodies and minds, though it also carries ____31____ (risk) situations without proper preparation. Some teenagers even dream of being explorers to satisfy (满足) their ____32____ (curious). Hiking is wonderful physical exercise. It builds our bodies and improves our sleep quality. When we walk through mountains and woods, fresh air helps us reduce study stress. It ____33____ gives us chances to get close to nature and see special plants and animals. We can ____34____ (success) enjoy the trip if we follow safety rules, or we may suffer from unexpected trouble. ____35____, danger may appear if we make careless mistakes. You should never set off alone. It is much ____36____ (safe) to travel in groups with family or classmates. ____37____ you start, look through travel guides and check the weather report. If heavy rain or strong wind is on the way, put off your hiking plan. Remember ____38____ (prepare) enough drinking water and simple first-aid supplies (补给). Wear strong, comfortable shoes, or your feet may hurt easily. While hiking, stay on the marked roads. Do not step into thick woods that you do not know. Once you get ____39____ (lose), do not run everywhere in a panic. Stay in the same place and wait for help. After hiking, take ____40____ all your rubbish. We must protect the natural environment everywhere we go. Safety always comes first when we enjoy the pleasure of hiking. 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 When was the last time you truly relaxed? For many Chinese teenagers, relaxation is not easy. A recent report shows that over 60% of middle school students spend less than 30 minutes a day on free-time activities. Li Ming, a 14-year-old student from Jinan, used to spend all his free time on homework and after-school classes. “I felt like a machine,” he said. “I had no time for hobbies or friends.” Last term, Li Ming’s teacher advised him to find a healthy way to relax. He started playing basketball with his classmates twice a week and reading storybooks before bed. “At first, I felt bad about ‘wasting’ time,” Li Ming said. “But soon I found that after playing basketball, I could pay better attention to my studies. Reading also helps me sleep well.” Now, Li Ming’s grades have actually improved, and he feels happier and has more energy. Doctors say that right relaxation is not a waste of time but a necessary part of learning. “When students are under pressure for too long, their brains cannot work well,” explained Dr. Wang, a doctor for children. “Short breaks and enjoyable activities help the brain understand information better.” However, relaxation should be healthy. “Spending hours playing video games or watching short videos is not true relaxation. These activities may feel relaxing at first, but they actually make the brain more tired,” Dr. Wang warned. “Good relaxation should make both the body and mind fresh.” Doctors say that teenagers should spend at least one hour a day on sports or hobbies they enjoy. Whether it’s playing sports, drawing, listening to music, or just taking a walk in nature, finding your own way to relax is important for both your health and your studies. 41. What does the recent report show about many Chinese middle school students? _________________________________________________________________ 42. In the sentence “I felt like a machine,” what does Li Ming mean?(回答不超过20词) _________________________________________________________________ 43. According to Paragraph 3, what do we know about Li Ming now? _________________________________________________________________ 44. What does “These activities” in Paragraph 5 refer to? _________________________________________________________________ 45. What is the main idea of the passage? _________________________________________________________________ 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 假如你是Tom，你的好友Li Hua给你写邮件求助：他最近总容易生病，经常感冒，为此很苦恼，向你询问保持健康、增强免疫力的办法。请你给Li Hua回一封邮件，为他提供一些合理的建议，并鼓励他坚持不懈。 写作要求： 1．建议：均衡饮食、适度运动、充足睡眠、调节压力、讲究卫生(不少于3点)； 2．语句通顺，逻辑清晰，可适当发挥，结尾表达祝愿； 3．词数100词左右(开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：balanced diet 均衡饮食 regularly 规律地 keep good hygiene 讲卫生 Dear Li Hua, I’m sorry to hear you often catch colds. Here is some advice for you to keep healthy. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Tom 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初三英语 温馨提示： 1．本试卷满分90分；考试时间100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 2．答题前，务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座位号填写在试卷和答题卡规定的位置上。 3．选择题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 4．非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡指定区域内相应位置；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。 5．在试卷上和答题卡指定区域外的答案无效。 第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Wang Xizhi was a famous Chinese calligrapher. He lived in the Jin Dynasty. People call him the “Sage (圣人) of Calligraphy”. When he was young, he loved writing. He practised every day. Once, he was so focused that he forgot to eat. His family brought him food, but he dipped his food in ink by mistake! He liked geese. He watched how geese moved their necks and used the idea in his writing. His most famous work is “Lantingji Xu” (兰亭集序). It is one of the best works of Chinese calligraphy. Chinese calligraphy is not just writing. It is an art. It uses brush, ink, paper and inkstone (砚). These are called the “Four Treasures of the Study”. Calligraphy can show a person’s feelings. When you write, you should be calm and careful. Today, many young people learn calligraphy. They find it a good way to relax and learn Chinese culture. Some schools have calligraphy clubs. Students can write poems and famous sayings. They also learn that practice makes perfect. 1. What do people call Wang Xizhi? A. The Sage of Calligraphy. B. The King of Music. C. The Father of Chinese. D. The Greatest Poet. 2. What is Wang Xizhi’s famous work? A. Ode (颂歌) to the Geese. B. Lantingji Xu. C. Semi-cursive script (Xingshu). D. Poems and Paintings. 3. What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined phrase “Four Treasures of the Study”? A. 文人墨客 B. 四书五经 C. 琴棋书画 D. 文房四宝 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了有“书圣”之称的东晋书法家王羲之的习书轶事、书法代表作《兰亭集序》，同时讲解了中国书法的文房四宝，以及当代年轻人学习书法的益处。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“People call him the “Sage (圣人) of Calligraphy”.”可知，人们称王羲之为“书圣”。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“His most famous work is “Lantingji Xu” (兰亭集序).”可知，王羲之最著名的作品是《兰亭集序》。 【3题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第3段“It uses brush, ink, paper and inkstone (砚). These are called the “Four Treasures of the Study”.”可知，书法用到的笔、墨、纸、砚是书房中的四件文具，对应中文的“文房四宝”。 B Nowadays more teenagers start to take exercise. Some love ball games. Others try traditional Chinese sports such as Taijiquan. Taijiquan is welcomed by both the young and old. People practise it in parks early in the morning. Slow movements help people relax their bodies and reduce stress. However, exercise can also bring injuries if you are careless. Many students get hurt in PE classes or after-school sports. Common problems include sore muscles, cuts, knee-hurts and backaches. What can we do to keep safe while exercising? First, warm yourself up before you start sports. If you jump or run without warming up, you may easily hurt yourself. Second, you should listen to your own body. You shouldn’t push yourself too hard. If you feel great pain, you must stop exercising right away. You could rest for some time instead of keeping going. Third, learn simple self-care skills. For small cuts, clean the wound and put on bandages. If your knees hurt badly, you should see a doctor rather than keep playing sports. Remember, the purpose of exercise is to make us healthy, not to push our bodies to the limit (限制). Health is not everything, but you have nothing without it. 4. Who likes doing Taijiquan according to the text? A. Only old people. B. Only teenagers. C. Both young and old people. D. Nobody in modern cities. 5. Which is NOT a common sport-related injury in the passage? A. Sore muscles. B. Backache. C. Serious fever. D. Knee hurts. 6. What should you do if you feel great pain while exercising? A. Keep exercising as usual. B. Stop and have a rest. C. Push yourself harder. D. Do more warm-up exercises. 7. What is the main purpose of doing exercise according to the text? A. To win all kinds of sports games. B. To make our bodies healthy. C. To push our bodies to the limit. D. To learn self-care skills. 【答案】4. C 5. C 6. B 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了当下青少年参与运动的现状，提及受老少群体欢迎的传统运动太极拳，说明了运动不当可能引发的常见损伤，给出了运动时保障安全的相关建议，点明运动的核心目的是保持健康。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“Taijiquan is welcomed by both the young and old.”可知，太极拳受到年轻人和老年人的喜爱。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“Common problems include sore muscles, cuts, knee-hurts and backaches.”可知，常见的运动相关损伤不包括高烧。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“If you feel great pain, you must stop exercising right away. You could rest for some time instead of keeping going.”可知，运动时感到剧烈疼痛应该立刻停下休息。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第4段“Remember, the purpose of exercise is to make us healthy, not to push our bodies to the limit.”可知，做运动的主要目的是让我们的身体健康。 C Many teenagers have hobbies. Some hobbies are just for fun, but some can also help us deal with emotions. Let’s meet two students. Lily is 14. She likes painting. She started painting when she was ten. At that time, she felt lonely because she moved to a new city. She had no friends. One day, her mother gave her some paints. Lily began to paint pictures of her old home and her new school. “When I paint, I forget my worries,” she says. “Painting helps me express my feelings. Sometimes I paint a dark picture when I am sad. After that, I feel better.” Now Lily has many friends, but she still paints every weekend. Ben is 15. He loves running. He joined the school running club last year. At first, he couldn’t run fast. He felt upset and wanted to give up. His coach said, “Don’t be too hard on yourself. The first step is always the hardest.” Ben kept practising. Now he can run 3 kilometres. “Running makes me feel strong and confident,” Ben says. “When I feel stressed, I go for a run. It helps me clear my mind.” Lily and Ben have different hobbies, but both hobbies help them stay positive. Hobbies can be a way to relax, to express feelings, and to make friends. If you feel sad or stressed, try to find a hobby. It may take time, but it can make your life better. Remember: you don’t need to be perfect. You just need to enjoy it. 8. Why did Lily start painting at the age of ten? A. She wanted to make money. B. She felt lonely after moving to a new city. C. Her friends asked her to learn it. D. She hoped to join a painting club. 9. What does Lily get from painting? A. It helps her express her feelings. B. It teaches her how to run fast. C. It helps her forget her new school. D. It makes her become perfect. 10. Which of the following is TRUE about Ben? A. He could run very fast when he joined the club. B. He never wanted to give up running. C. He keeps practising and can run 3 kilometres now. D. His mother told him not to be hard on himself. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. How to make more friends at school. B. Two teenagers’ hobbies and their good influence. C. Different kinds of emotions for students. D. Advice on how to become a perfect person. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文通过介绍莉莉的绘画爱好、本的跑步爱好，说明爱好可以帮助人们调节情绪、放松身心、保持积极心态，鼓励人们找到适合自己的爱好。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第2段“She started painting when she was ten. At that time, she felt lonely because she moved to a new city.”可推知，莉莉十岁开始画画的原因是搬到新城市后感到孤独。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第2段“Painting helps me express my feelings.”可推知，画画能够帮助莉莉表达自己的感受，这是她从画画中得到的收获。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第3段“Ben kept practising. Now he can run 3 kilometres.”可推知，本一直坚持练习跑步，现在已经能跑3公里了。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第1段“Some hobbies are just for fun, but some can also help us deal with emotions. Let’s meet two students.”和第4段“Lily and Ben have different hobbies, but both hobbies help them stay positive.”可推知，文章核心是介绍两位青少年的爱好以及这些爱好带来的积极影响。 D China is a large country with many natural wonders. From high mountains to deep lakes, there is always something amazing to see. Mount Qomolangma is the highest mountain in the world. It is 8,848.86 metres high. It is in the Himalayas (喜马拉雅山脉). Climbers from all over the world come to challenge it. In 1960, a Chinese team reached the top from the northern side for the first time. They showed great courage. Today, scientists still study the mountain. The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. It is about 5,464 kilometres long. It is called the “mother river” because it helped ancient Chinese civilization (文明) grow. The water carries yellow soil (泥土), so it looks yellow. Hukou Waterfall (壶口瀑布) is a famous part of the river. It is very powerful and loud. Qinghai Lake is the largest lake in China. It is a salt lake in Qinghai Province. It covers about 4, 300 square kilometres. The water is blue and clear. Many birds and fish live there. Visitors can ride a bike or a horse around the lake. They can also take photos of the beautiful scenery. Zhangjiajie is famous for its tall stone pillars (石柱). They look like something from a movie. In fact, some scenes (场景) of Avatar (《阿凡达》) were filmed there. Every year, millions of visitors come to see the mountains. They take a cable car (缆车) and walk on glass bridges. These natural wonders are beautiful, but they are also fragile. We should protect them. We should not throw rubbish or hurt animals. When we visit, we should follow the rules. Nature gives us so much. Let’s take care of it. 12. Why is the Yellow River called China’s “mother river” ? A. Because its water is yellow. B. Because it helped ancient Chinese civilization develop. C. Because Hukou Waterfall lies on it. D. Because it is the longest river in China. 13. What can visitors do around Qinghai Lake? A. Ride a bike or a horse. B. Climb tall stone pillars. C. Challenge the high mountain. D. Take photos of waterfalls. 14. The underlined word “fragile” in the last paragraph most probably means A. cold and quiet B. large and wonderful C. easy to get hurt or broken D. high and dangerous 15. Which of the following is TRUE about Zhangjiajie? A. It is a famous salt lake. B. It is home to lots of fish and birds. C. A Chinese team got to its top in 1960. D. Some parts of Avatar were filmed there. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，介绍了珠穆朗玛峰、黄河、青海湖、张家界这几处中国的自然奇观的特点，最后呼吁人们保护脆弱的自然景观。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第3段“It is called the ‘mother river’ because it helped ancient Chinese civilization (文明) grow.”可知，黄河被称为中国的“母亲河”是因为它推动了中国古代文明的发展。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第5段“Visitors can ride a bike or a horse around the lake.”可知，游客可以在青海湖周边骑自行车或骑马。 【14题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章最后一段“These natural wonders are beautiful, but they are also fragile. We should protect them.”，结合后文提出的保护自然奇观的相关要求，可推知fragile的意思是“容易受伤或被破坏的”。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第6段“In fact, some scenes (场景) of Avatar (《阿凡达》) were filmed there.”可知，《阿凡达》的部分场景是在张家界拍摄的。 第二节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The story of pulling seedlings (幼苗) from Mencius (孟子) carries deep life wisdom for modern teenagers. Long ago, a farmer worried that his rice seedlings grew too slowly. ____16____ He wished the crops could grow up rapidly. Days went by, and the seedlings still grew at their natural speed. He could hardly stand waiting any longer. One day he came up with a so-called clever plan. ____17____. He felt very tired but satisfied (满意) after finishing the heavy work. He told his family excitedly that he had helped the rice grow faster. His son felt confused (困惑). ____18____ To his shock, all the rice seedlings had died. ____19____ You cannot force progress to happen overnight. This truth also applies to teenagers’ growth. Although you are eager for improvement, you cannot push yourself beyond your own limits. ____20____ Don’t be too hard on yourself. True growth comes step by step. A. This ancient story tells us everything follows its own natural rules. B. He worked in his fields until it was midnight. C. Every day he visited his farmland and watched the plants. D. You won’t achieve real progress until you respect rules and keep patient. E. He walked through the fields and pulled every seedling upward to make them look taller. F. He hurried to the farmland early next morning. 【答案】16. C 17. E 18. F 19. A 20. D 【解析】 【导语】本文通过讲述“揠苗助长”的故事，告诉读者一个道理：成长需要遵循自然规律，不能急于求成，真正的进步来自于循序渐进。 【16题详解】 前文提到农夫担心秧苗长得太慢。C项“Every day he visited his farmland and watched the plants.”（每天他都去农田看植物。）描写了农夫因为焦急而频繁查看庄稼的行为。 【17题详解】 前文提到农夫想出了一个“所谓的聪明计划”。E项“He walked through the fields and pulled every seedling upward to make them look taller.”（他穿过田地，把每一株秧苗都往上拔，让它们看起来更高。）具体解释了这个计划的内容。 【18题详解】 前文提到农夫告诉家人苗长高了，儿子感到困惑。F项“He hurried to the farmland early next morning.”（第二天一大早他急忙赶往农田。）描述了儿子为了验证真相而急忙去田里。 【19题详解】 此处位于故事结束后的段落开头，起到承上启下的作用。A项“This ancient story tells us everything follows its own natural rules.”（这个古老的故事告诉我们万物都遵循其自然规律。）对前文的故事进行了总结，并引出了后文关于青少年成长的道理。 【20题详解】 前文提到虽然渴望进步，但不能超越极限。D项“You won’t achieve real progress until you respect rules and keep patient.”（直到你尊重规则并保持耐心，你才能获得真正的进步。）进一步强调了“尊重规律”和“耐心”的重要性。 第二部分 语言知识应用（共两节，满分25分） 第一节 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Basic first-aid knowledge matters a lot for middle-school students. Accidents are unpredictable (不可预测的), and knowing simple skills can make a real ____21____ in daily life. Last term, a lecture at our school left a deep impression (印象) on me. The invited doctor shared a real-life ____22____ accident case (情况). A 14-year-old boy planned to cook supper for his family. He poured cooking oil into the pan and ____23____ the stove. While waiting for the oil to heat, he heard his best friend call him from the yard. He rushed out to chat and totally forgot the hot ____24____ on the stove. Minutes later, thick smoke ____25____ the kitchen. The oil caught fire. In a panic, the boy got water and prepared to pour it into the ____26____ pan. Luckily, his elder cousin stopped him right in time. As is known to us, water will make oil-fire spread (扩散) rapidly. The cousin turned off the stove and covered the pan tightly ____27____ a thick metal lid (盖子) to cut off oxygen (氧气). The fire died out soon. From this lesson, I have learned valuable safety rules. Never leave a hot stove ____28____ anyone watching it. If cooking oil catches fire, never pour water. ____29____ kitchen safety, we are also supposed to learn how to deal with small cuts, burns and nosebleeds. These skills may seem simple, yet they can ____30____ ourselves and people around us in sudden danger. 21. A. decision B. difference C. mistake D. solution 22. A. traffic B. hospital C. kitchen D. school 23. A. turned on B. turned off C. turned up D. turned down 24. A. dish B. gas C. water D. oil 25. A. burnt B. crossed C. filled D. knocked 26. A. boiling B. steaming C. shining D. burning 27. A. with B. on C. under D. through 28. A. until B. unless C. without D. with 29. A. Except B. Besides C. Since D. Instead 30. A. protect B. stop C. enjoy D. survive 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. D 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了基本急救知识对中学生的重要性。作者通过一个男孩做饭时油锅起火的真实案例，强调了厨房安全规则，指出急救技能能在危险中保护大家。 【21题详解】 句意：事故是不可预测的，了解简单的技能可以在日常生活中产生真正的影响。 根据“Accidents are unpredictable...knowing simple skills can...”可知，了解急救技能会产生很大作用。make a difference“产生影响，起作用”。decision“决定”，mistake“错误”，solution“解决方法”均不符合语境。 【22题详解】 句意：受邀的医生分享了一个真实的厨房事故案例。 根据后文“A 14-year-old boy planned to cook supper for his family.”可知，男孩做饭起火，是一个厨房事故。kitchen“厨房”符合语境。traffic“交通”，hospital“医院”和school“学校”均不符合语境。 【23题详解】 句意：他把食用油倒进平底锅里，然后打开了炉子。 根据“He poured cooking oil into the pan”可知，倒油进锅里准备做饭，接下来的动作是打开炉子。turned on“打开”符合语境。 turned off“关闭”，turned up“调高”， turned down“调低”均不符合语境。 【24题详解】 句意：他冲出去聊天，完全忘记了炉子上的热油。 根据前文“While waiting for the oil to heat”可知，他正在等油热，因此忘记的是炉子上的热油。oil“油”符合语境。dish“菜肴”，gas“汽油”，water“水”均不符合语境。 【25题详解】 、句意：几分钟后，浓烟充满了厨房。 根据“thick smoke”和“the kitchen”，可知起火后浓烟弥漫，充满了整个厨房。filled“充满”符合语境。burnt“燃烧”，crossed“穿过”，knocked“敲击”均不符合语境。 【26题详解】 句意：惊慌失措中，男孩拿了水准备倒进燃烧的平底锅里。 根据前文“The oil caught fire.”可知，平底锅里的油起火了，所以是燃烧的平底锅。burning“燃烧的”符合语境。boiling“沸腾的” ，steaming“冒蒸汽的”，shining“闪光的”均不符合语境。 【27题详解】 句意：表哥关掉炉子，用一个厚厚的金属盖子紧紧地盖住平底锅以切断氧气。 根据“covered the pan tightly...a thick metal lid”可知，是用盖子盖住锅，cover...with...“用……覆盖……”符合语境，on“在……上”，under“在……下”，through“穿过”均不符合语境。 【28题详解】 句意：千万不要在无人看管的情况下离开热炉子。 根据前文男孩离开导致起火的教训，可知不能在“没有”人看管的情况下让炉子开着。without“没有”符合语境。until“直到”，unless“除非”，with“和”均不符合语境。 【29题详解】 句意：除了厨房安全，我们还应该学习如何处理小割伤、烧伤和流鼻血。 根据“we are also supposed to learn”可知，除了厨房安全，还包括其他急救知识，表示包含在内的“除了”用Besides。Except表示不包含，不符合逻辑。Since“自从”，Instead“相反地”均不符合语境。 【30题详解】 句意：这些技能看似简单，但它们可以在突发危险中保护我们自己和周围的人。 根据“in sudden danger”可知，急救技能的作用是在危险中“保护”自己和他人。protect“保护”符合语境。stop“阻止”，enjoy“喜欢”，survive“幸存”均不符合语境。 第二节 语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Hiking is very popular among Chinese teenagers as a free-time hobby. It is good for our bodies and minds, though it also carries ____31____ (risk) situations without proper preparation. Some teenagers even dream of being explorers to satisfy (满足) their ____32____ (curious). Hiking is wonderful physical exercise. It builds our bodies and improves our sleep quality. When we walk through mountains and woods, fresh air helps us reduce study stress. It ____33____ gives us chances to get close to nature and see special plants and animals. We can ____34____ (success) enjoy the trip if we follow safety rules, or we may suffer from unexpected trouble. ____35____, danger may appear if we make careless mistakes. You should never set off alone. It is much ____36____ (safe) to travel in groups with family or classmates. ____37____ you start, look through travel guides and check the weather report. If heavy rain or strong wind is on the way, put off your hiking plan. Remember ____38____ (prepare) enough drinking water and simple first-aid supplies (补给). Wear strong, comfortable shoes, or your feet may hurt easily. While hiking, stay on the marked roads. Do not step into thick woods that you do not know. Once you get ____39____ (lose), do not run everywhere in a panic. Stay in the same place and wait for help. After hiking, take ____40____ all your rubbish. We must protect the natural environment everywhere we go. Safety always comes first when we enjoy the pleasure of hiking. 【答案】31. risky 32. curiosity 33. also 34. successfully 35. However 36. safer 37. Before 38. to prepare 39. lost 40. away 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了徒步旅行的好处以及在徒步旅行中需要注意的安全事项。 【31题详解】 句意：它对我们的身心有益，尽管如果没有适当的准备，它也会带来危险的情况。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰名词situations，应用形容词形式作定语，risk的形容词为risky。故填risky。 【32题详解】 句意：一些青少年甚至梦想成为探险家来满足他们的好奇心。分析句子结构可知，设空处前有形容词性物主代词their修饰，应用名词形式作宾语，curious的名词为curiosity。故填curiosity。 【33题详解】 句意：它也给了我们亲近自然、观察特殊动植物的机会。分析文章语境可知，前文提到徒步能减轻压力，此处进一步说明它“也”能提供亲近自然的机会，位于实义动词gives前，应用副词also。故填also。 【34题详解】 句意：如果我们遵守安全规则，我们就能成功地享受这次旅行，否则我们可能会遭受意想不到的麻烦。分析句子结构可知，设空处修饰动词enjoy，应用副词形式作状语，success的副词为successfully。故填successfully。 【35题详解】 句意：然而，如果我们犯了粗心的错误，危险可能会出现。分析文章语境可知，前文讲遵守规则能享受旅行，后文讲犯错会出现危险，前后构成转折关系，且设空处后有逗号隔开，应用副词however，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填However。 【36题详解】 句意：和家人或同学结伴旅行要安全得多。分析句子结构可知，设空处作表语，且前面有程度副词much修饰，应用形容词比较级形式，safe的比较级为safer。故填safer。 【37题详解】 句意：在你出发之前，浏览旅游指南并查看天气预报。分析文章语境可知，浏览指南和查天气预报等准备工作应在出发“之前”进行，引导时间状语从句应用连词before，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Before。 【38题详解】 句意：记得准备足够的饮用水和简单的急救用品。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定用法remember to do sth.意为“记得去做某事（事情还未做）”，符合语境。故填to prepare。 【39题详解】 句意：一旦你迷路了，不要惊慌失措地到处跑。分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配get lost，意为“迷路”，用过去分词lost作表语表示状态。故填lost。 【40题详解】 句意：徒步旅行后，带走你所有的垃圾。分析文章语境可知，此处表示把垃圾“带走”，考查动词短语take away，应用副词away。故填away。 第三部分 书面表达（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。 When was the last time you truly relaxed? For many Chinese teenagers, relaxation is not easy. A recent report shows that over 60% of middle school students spend less than 30 minutes a day on free-time activities. Li Ming, a 14-year-old student from Jinan, used to spend all his free time on homework and after-school classes. “I felt like a machine,” he said. “I had no time for hobbies or friends.” Last term, Li Ming’s teacher advised him to find a healthy way to relax. He started playing basketball with his classmates twice a week and reading storybooks before bed. “At first, I felt bad about ‘wasting’ time,” Li Ming said. “But soon I found that after playing basketball, I could pay better attention to my studies. Reading also helps me sleep well.” Now, Li Ming’s grades have actually improved, and he feels happier and has more energy. Doctors say that right relaxation is not a waste of time but a necessary part of learning. “When students are under pressure for too long, their brains cannot work well,” explained Dr. Wang, a doctor for children. “Short breaks and enjoyable activities help the brain understand information better.” However, relaxation should be healthy. “Spending hours playing video games or watching short videos is not true relaxation. These activities may feel relaxing at first, but they actually make the brain more tired,” Dr. Wang warned. “Good relaxation should make both the body and mind fresh.” Doctors say that teenagers should spend at least one hour a day on sports or hobbies they enjoy. Whether it’s playing sports, drawing, listening to music, or just taking a walk in nature, finding your own way to relax is important for both your health and your studies. 41. What does the recent report show about many Chinese middle school students? _________________________________________________________________ 42. In the sentence “I felt like a machine,” what does Li Ming mean?(回答不超过20词) _________________________________________________________________ 43. According to Paragraph 3, what do we know about Li Ming now? _________________________________________________________________ 44. What does “These activities” in Paragraph 5 refer to? _________________________________________________________________ 45. What is the main idea of the passage? _________________________________________________________________ 【答案】41. Over 60% of middle school students spend less than 30 minutes a day on free-time activities. 42. He had no time for hobbies or friends. 43. His grades have improved, and he feels happier and has more energy. 44. Spending hours playing video games or watching short videos. 45. Finding a healthy way to relax is important for teenagers. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国中学生缺乏放松时间的问题，通过实例和医生的建议，强调了青少年找到健康放松方式的重要性。 【41题详解】 根据文章第1段“A recent report shows that over 60% of middle school students spend less than 30 minutes a day on free-time activities.”可知最近的报告显示超过60%的中学生每天花在空闲活动上的时间不足30分钟。 【42题详解】 根据文章第2段“‘I felt like a machine,’ he said. ‘I had no time for hobbies or friends.’”可知李明觉得自己像机器的意思是他忙于课业，没有时间培养爱好或交朋友。 【43题详解】 根据文章第3段“Now, Li Ming’s grades have actually improved, and he feels happier and has more energy.”可知李明现在的成绩提高了，感到更快乐，也更有精力了。 【44题详解】 根据文章第5段“Spending hours playing video games or watching short videos is not true relaxation. These activities may feel relaxing at first…”可知“这些活动”指代的是前文提到的花几个小时玩电子游戏或看短视频。 【45题详解】 根据文章最后一段“…finding your own way to relax is important for both your health and your studies.”以及全文内容可知文章的主旨是找到健康的放松方式对青少年很重要。 第二节 写作（满分20分） 46. 假如你是Tom，你的好友Li Hua给你写邮件求助：他最近总容易生病，经常感冒，为此很苦恼，向你询问保持健康、增强免疫力的办法。请你给Li Hua回一封邮件，为他提供一些合理的建议，并鼓励他坚持不懈。 写作要求： 1．建议：均衡饮食、适度运动、充足睡眠、调节压力、讲究卫生(不少于3点)； 2．语句通顺，逻辑清晰，可适当发挥，结尾表达祝愿； 3．词数100词左右(开头、结尾已给出，不计入总词数)。 参考词汇：balanced diet 均衡饮食 regularly 规律地 keep good hygiene 讲卫生 Dear Li Hua, I’m sorry to hear you often catch colds. Here is some advice for you to keep healthy. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Tom 【答案】 例文 Dear Li Hua, I’m sorry to hear you often catch colds. Here is some advice for you to keep healthy. First, having a balanced diet is necessary. You’d better eat more vegetables and fresh fruit instead of too much junk food. Second, why not exercise regularly? Running or playing ball games can build up your body and improve your immunity. Third, remember to get enough sleep every night and keep good hygiene, like washing hands often. Also, try to relax yourself when you feel stressed. It’s important to keep a good mood. I believe you will get better soon if you stick to these healthy habits. Hope you will be healthy and happy. Yours, Tom 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：应用文，时态以一般现在时为主 明确要点：给Li Hua提供保持健康的建议，鼓励坚持，结尾祝愿 确定人称：第二人称(you/your) 注意事项：控制词数，不得透露真实信息 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：听到对方经常感冒，引出下文健康建议，题目已给出 主体段：分点给出健康建议 结尾段：鼓励坚持，表达祝愿 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：第一条建议 均衡饮食：having a balanced diet/necessary/You’d better eat more vegetables and fresh fruit/instead of too much junk food/wise for you to/plenty of fruit and vegetables/rich in vitamins/stay away from junk food/bad for your body and weakens your immunity/to fight against colds等 要点二：第二条建议 规律运动：why not exercise regularly?/build up your body and improve your immunity/a great way to make you stronger/go jogging or play basketball in your free time/so that you won’t get sick easilya good choice to take exercise for 30 minutes every day等 要点三：第三条建议 充足睡眠、讲究卫生：remember to get enough sleep every night and keep good hygiene/Staying up late will make your body weak/wash your hands before meals to stop germs/helps your body repair itself and keeps you energetic during the day等 要点四：第四条建议 调节压力、保持好心情：try to relax yourself when you feel stressed/important to keep a good mood/under too much pressure/listen to soft music or talk with your friends to relax/helpful for your health/make you easy to fall ill/learn to slow down等 要点五：结尾鼓励和祝愿 鼓励祝愿：you will get better soon if you stick to these healthy habits/Hope you will be healthy and happy/find you are much healthier soon/takes time to form good habits/As long as you keep these good habits/become stronger等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $