精品解析：北京市第二十中学2024-2025学年第一学期期中考试英语试卷

北京市第二十中学2024-2025学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二 英语 （时间：90分钟  满分100分  选择性必修一模块结业考试） 班级________ 姓名________ 第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My parents ran a small eatery, and my first real job was shining diners’ shoes. My ___1___ increased as I grew older. At the age of twelve I worked as a ___2___ . Dad told me that I was the best “mop (拖把) guy” he’d ever had. Working in the restaurant was a source of great pride because I was ___3___to the whole family. But my father made it clear that I had to meet certain ___4___to be part of the team. That’s to say, I had to be ___5___, hard-working and polite to the customers. Except for the shoeshine job, I was never ___6___for any work I did. One day I told Dad he should give me $10 a week. He said, “Okay, then how about you paying me for your three meals a day?” This taught me that when you ___7___, you’d better know the other side’s arguments as well as your own. After being away in the army for about two years, I came back home. I had just been promoted to captain and was full of ___8___as I walked into my parents’ eatery. The first thing Dad said was, “Welcome, my mop guy! OK, it’s the cleaner’s day off. But how about you cleaning up ___9___?” “I can’t believe this!” I thought. “I’m an officer in the army!” But it didn’t matter. As far as Dad was concerned, I was just another member of the _____10_____involved in a family eatery. Early the next morning, I reached for the mop. 1. A. duties B. scores C. wages D. ideas 2. A. waiter B. cook C. cleaner D. manager 3. A. attending B. applying C. reacting D. contributing 4. A. standards B. challengers C. achievements D. customers 5. A. insistent B. confident C. courageous D. responsible 6. A. arranged B. praised C. paid D. suspected 7. A. succeed B. negotiate C. operate D. promise 8. A. dignity B. respect C. curiosity D. gratitude 9. A. frequently B. later C. instead D. immediately 10. A. army B. class C. team D. party 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I was not originally attracted to nature. For me, nature ____11____ (associate) with the few minutes playing soccer in the nicely cut grass. But in Michigan, nature presents itself in many forms such as sledding as fast as you can down the hill or swimming in one of the five great lakes. This was ____12____ made me excited. These experiences encouraged me to explore one of the raw forms of connecting with nature: camping. Although I ____13____ (spend)a lot of time outside, I had never camped or experienced all of what nature offers. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In the Ming Dynasty, a clever craftsman named Zhang Sijia revolutionized scissors. He combined the strength of iron for the handles with ____14____ unique sword-making technique. ____15____ heating and hammering the edges with steel, he created blades that were exceptionally strong and sharp, ____16____ (accept) by a large number of people in their daily tasks at that time. These scissors even became a kitchen essential, especially for ____17____ (cut) through tough items like chicken or fish. In 1628, his son, Zhang Xiaoquan, established his namesake company. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Five Belgian firms plan to send a 3D printed artificial heart to the International Space Station by 2025 to better understand the effects of ageing and heart diseases in space. The device, which is only a few square millimetres in size, ____18____(use) ink made up of stem cells and biomaterials that can develop into any cell in the body. These cells organize themselves into a developing cardiac organoid (心脏类器官), ____19____ will work with the artificial circulatory system. The innovative technique would facilitate ____20____ (investigate) into heart diseases and trials of some potential medicines. 第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Living beyond limits Growing up in the hot Las Vegas desert, all I wanted was to be free. I would daydream about traveling the world, living in a place where it snowed. At the age of 19, the day after I graduated from high school, I moved to a place where it snowed and I found my dream job. For the first time in my life, I felt free, independent and completely in control of my life. That is, until my life took a detour (转折点). I went home from work early one day with what I thought was the flu, and less than 24 hours later I was in the hospital on life support with less than a 2% chance of living. Over the course of two and a half months I lost the hearing in my left ear and both of my legs below the knee. I thought the worst was over until weeks later when I saw my new artificial legs for the first time. They were so painful that all I could think was, how am I ever going to travel the world in these things? And how was I going to snowboard again? But I knew that in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Self and learn to embrace the new Self. And that is when it dawned on me that if I snowboarded again, my feet aren’t going to get cold. Four months later I was back up on a snowboard, although things didn’t go quite as expected: My knees and my ankles wouldn’t bend. But I knew that I would be able to do this again if I could find the right pair of feet. I did a year of research, still couldn’t figure out what kind of legs to use. So I decided to make a pair myself. My leg maker and I put random parts together and we made a pair of feet that I could snowboard in. Then in 2005 I cofounded a nonprofit organization for youth with physical disabilities so they could get involved with action sports. Eleven years ago, when I lost my legs, I had no idea what to expect. But if you ask me today, if I would ever want to change my situation, I would have to say no. Because my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in the possibilities. 21. How did the author feel when she saw her new legs for the first time? A. Astonished.  B. Hopeful.  C. Desperate.  D. Delighted. 22. What mainly helped the author change her thought toward her situation? A. Her positive attitude.   B. Inspiration from research. C. Her love for snowboarding.   D. Help from a nonprofit organization. 23. What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice makes perfect.   B. Actions speak louder than words. C. You can’t judge a book by its cover.  D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. B Eleven o’clock at night saw a large woman with a large purse walking alone, when a boy ran up behind and tried to snatch (抢夺) her purse. But the boy lost his balance and fell on his back. The woman picked him up firmly by his shirt front. “Aren’t you ashamed of yourself?” shouted the woman. Two or three people passed, stopped, and stood watching. “I’m very sorry, lady. I’m sorry,” whispered the skinny little boy, in broken tennis shoes. “Um-hum! And your face is dirty,” said the large woman dragging the frightened boy. “Since you put yourself in contact with me, you are going to remember Mrs. Luella Jones.” He began to struggle, but Mrs. Jones continued to drag him up the street. When she got to her door, she dragged the boy inside. “What’s your name?” the woman asked. “Roger,” answered the boy in a low voice. “Then, Roger, you go to that sink and wash your face,” ordered the woman and finally let go of him. “You gonna take me to jail (监狱)?” asked Roger, bending over the sink. “Not with that face,” said Mrs. Jones. “I believe you were hungry to snatch my purse.” “I wanted a pair of blue shoes,” replied the boy. There was a long pause. After he had dried his face, the boy turned around. The door was open. He could run! After a while the woman said, “I was young once and I wanted things I could not get. I have done things too, which I would not tell anybody else, son.” There was another long pause. The boy’s mouth opened. Then Mrs. Jones went to do the cooking. She did not watch the boy to see if he was going to run, nor did she watch her purse left behind her. She did not ask him anything about where he lived, or his folks. Instead, as they ate, she told him a lot about her job in a hotel shop and how all kinds of people came in and out. She cut him another piece of her cake. When they finished eating, she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some blue shoes. Do not make the mistake, because shoes come by devilish ways like that will burn your feet.” She led him to the front door. “Good night! Behave yourself, son!” she said, looking out into the street. 24. How did Roger feel when Mrs. Jones mentioned her past? A. Frightened. B. Surprised. C. Settled. D. Ashamed. 25. Why did Mrs. Jones call Roger son? A. She intended to go easy on him. B. He reminded her of her own son. C. He put himself to be in contact with her. D. She lacked an excuse to teach him a lesson. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Mrs. Jones? A. Kind and generous. B. Able and ambitious. C. Frank and cooperative. D. Calm and courageous. 27. What can be mainly concluded from this passage? A. Home is where the heart is. B. Life is full of ups and downs. C. A best parent is to lead by example. D. A good deed shines the light into the dark. C The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth. A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer. Humans aren’t the only potentially affected. “For a lot of things in the subsurface, it’s kind of ‘out of sight, out of mind’,” says Grant Ferguson, a geologist. But the underground world is full of creatures that have adapted to subsurface existence such as insects and snails. As the temperature rises because of climate change and underground urban development, scientists are keeping eyes on the potential implications for underground ecosystems. But the question of how underground hotspots could affect infrastructure has gone largely unstudied. Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures. To understand how underground temperature difference has affected the ground’s physical properties, he used a computer model to simulate(模拟) the underground environment from the 1950s to now—and then to 2050. He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall. Kathrin Menberg, a geoscientist in Germany, says these displacement predictions are far beyond her guesses and could be linked to the soft, clay-heavy soils. “Clay material is particularly sensitive,” she says, “It would be a big issue in all cities worldwide that are built on such material.” Like climate change above the surface, underground changes occur gradually. “These effects took decades to develop,” Ferguson says, adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate on their own. “We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.” But Ferguson says this wasted heat energy could also be reused, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Still, this assumption could fail as aboveground climate change continues to boost underground warming. However slowly, this heat will gather beneath our feet. “It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.” 28. The author quotes Rotta Loria in Paragraph 2 mainly to _______. A. make a prediction B. highlight a finding C. draw a conclusion D. raise an assumption 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. “Urban heat islands” extend underground to spare ecosystems. B. Surface climate change contributes to the reuse of underground heat. C. Underground temperatures mirror the ground’s physical characteristics. D. Buildings may collapse as a potential consequence of underground heat. 30. What does the underlined word “dissipate” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Show. B. Stay. C. Develop. D. Disappear. 31. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Underground climate change is a silent danger. B. Humans fail to notice the dramatic climate change. C. Cooling the subsurface helps control urban heat rises. D. Researching underground heat helps save on energy costs. D Have we reached the peak of the culture war? Looking at my social media feeds, it seems that polarised thinking and misinformation have never been more common. How am I supposed to feel when users I once admired now draw on questionable evidence to support their beliefs? Perhaps it is time for us all to adopt a little “existential humility”. I came across this idea in a paper by Jeffrey Greenat Virginia from Common Wealth University and his colleagues. They build on a decade of research examining the benefits of “intellectual humility” more generally — our ability to recognise the errors in our judgement and remain aware of the limits of our knowledge. You can get a flavour of this research by rating your agreement with the following statements, ranging from 1 (not at all like me) to 5 (very like me): I question my own opinions because they could be wrong; I recognise the value in opinions that are different from my own; in the face of conflicting evidence, I am open to changing my opinions. People who score highly on this assessment are less likely to form knee-jerk reactions on a topic, and they find it easier to consider the strengths or weaknesses of a logical argument. They are less likely to be influenced by misinformation, since they tend to read the article in full, investigate the sources of a news story and compare its reporting to other statements, before coming to a strong conclusion about its truth. Developing “intellectual humility” would be an excellent idea in all fields, but certain situations may make it particularly difficult to achieve. Greenat points out that some beliefs are so central to our identity that any challenge can activate an existential crisis, as if our whole world view and meaning in life are under threat. As a result, we become more insistent in our opinions and seek any way to protect them. This may reduce some of our feelings of uncertainty, but it comes at the cost of more analytical thinking. For these reasons, Greenat defines “existential humility” as the capacity to entertain the thought of another world view without becoming so defensive and closed-minded. So how could we achieve it? This will be the subject of future research, but the emotion of awe (a feeling of great respect and admiration) may offer one possibility. One study found that watching awe-inspiring videos about space and the universe led to humbler thinking, including a greater capacity to admit weaknesses. Perhaps we could all benefit from interrupting our despair with awe-inspiring content. At the very least, we can try to question our preconceptions before offering our views on social media and be a little less ready to criticize when others disagree. 32. Regarding the culture war on social media, the author is _______. A. embarrassed B. concerned C. panicked D. stressed 33. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Existential humility reduces the threat to identity. B. People with intellectual humility tend to jump to conclusions. C. Awe could promote existential humility by encouraging modest thinking. D. The higher you score on the assessment, the more you stick to your values. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Overcome an Existential Crisis B. Show a Little Humility C. The Path to Screening Information D. The Approach to Achieving Humility 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The beginning of the Year of the Dragon has foreshadowed a “Song of Ice and Fire” with the emergence of Sora, a text-to-video AI model. Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. ___35___ However, film insiders noted that currently, AI-generated 60-second videos cannot support the creation of a full-length movie, and the idea that AI tools will “bomb” the film and television industry is so far unfounded. Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry. ___36___ From the age of film stock to the digital age, from practical effects to digital effects, from 2D to 3D, Sora, like any technological revolution in the century-long history of film, will improve production efficiency, update production and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. ___37___ Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination. Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced. ___38___ Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora. ___39___ However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought. A. With OpenAI’s iteration speed, producing AI videos dozens of minutes long is not far off. B. It is also likely to be incorporated into film and television education and training in the future. C. Film and television are closely linked to technological advancements, which stimulate creativity. D. Sora will undoubtedly prompt changes in existing industrial production and may even replace some jobs. E. Sora is undoubtedly “more of an opportunity than a challenge” for the global film and television industry. F. Creativity and film production requires the integration of emotional experiences and individual memories. G. This implies that with just a text description, ordinary people using Sora may be able to become “great directors”. 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） From birth, every person needs other human beings. Babies need to be cared for to survive. Their first connections usually come from parents and other family members. But as children grow up, they spend more time with others. And they may or may not feel connected to the people they see every day. Some people feel different from or rejected by their neighbors, people they work with or even their families. People who don’t feel like they belong often feel lonely, even when others are around. People find different ways to meet their natural desire to belong to a group. Some rely on their families while others find communities based on other interests. These can include shared goals, life experiences or popular culture. You need others for many reasons. Community members can offer advice or practical help when you go through difficult times. You can also grow as a person from helping others So what can you do if you lack a sense of belonging? The first step will usually be to make a conscious effort to reach out to others. You could join groups based on interests you share. Or you could contact an individual with whom you have something in common and decide when to meet up. This may be uncomfortable at first, but as with most things, it becomes easier with practice. Focusing on others more than on yourself may help. Ask questions that show you care about others’ lives. This will help them feel valued. If you are shy, it will spare you from having to talk about yourself too much. Finding community requires a willingness to accept others. But it is also important to remain true to yourself. If a person always hides his or her true thoughts and feelings to fit in, how could he or she feel a sense of belonging? And it will be much easier if you ask yourself what matters most to you. Finding a place where you belong may not be easy. But it will help you live a happier, more fulfilled life. So if you are the one looking for it, don’t lose heart easily since it truly deserves the effort. 40. Where are babies’ first connections usually from? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why do you need others? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Focusing on others more than on yourself may help when you are finding community, so you should ignore your true feelings or thoughts during this process. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Give an example to illustrate what benefit(s) having a sense of belonging has brought you. (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 36. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，近期你班班会课上就“社交媒体对人际关系的影响”展开了辩论。你的笔友Jim对此很感兴趣，询问该辩论赛的情况，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1. 正反双方的观点：2. 你的观点。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 北京市第二十中学2024-2025学年第一学期期中考试试卷 高二 英语 （时间：90分钟  满分100分  选择性必修一模块结业考试） 班级________ 姓名________ 第一部分  知识运用（共两节，30分） 第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 My parents ran a small eatery, and my first real job was shining diners’ shoes. My ___1___ increased as I grew older. At the age of twelve I worked as a ___2___ . Dad told me that I was the best “mop (拖把) guy” he’d ever had. Working in the restaurant was a source of great pride because I was ___3___to the whole family. But my father made it clear that I had to meet certain ___4___to be part of the team. That’s to say, I had to be ___5___, hard-working and polite to the customers. Except for the shoeshine job, I was never ___6___for any work I did. One day I told Dad he should give me $10 a week. He said, “Okay, then how about you paying me for your three meals a day?” This taught me that when you ___7___, you’d better know the other side’s arguments as well as your own. After being away in the army for about two years, I came back home. I had just been promoted to captain and was full of ___8___as I walked into my parents’ eatery. The first thing Dad said was, “Welcome, my mop guy! OK, it’s the cleaner’s day off. But how about you cleaning up ___9___?” “I can’t believe this!” I thought. “I’m an officer in the army!” But it didn’t matter. As far as Dad was concerned, I was just another member of the _____10_____involved in a family eatery. Early the next morning, I reached for the mop. 1. A. duties B. scores C. wages D. ideas 2. A. waiter B. cook C. cleaner D. manager 3. A. attending B. applying C. reacting D. contributing 4. A. standards B. challengers C. achievements D. customers 5. A. insistent B. confident C. courageous D. responsible 6. A. arranged B. praised C. paid D. suspected 7. A. succeed B. negotiate C. operate D. promise 8. A. dignity B. respect C. curiosity D. gratitude 9. A. frequently B. later C. instead D. immediately 10. A. army B. class C. team D. party 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. D 6. C 7. B 8. A 9. B 10. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者从小在父母经营的小餐馆里工作，从擦鞋到拖地，虽然从未得到报酬，但学到了很多宝贵的经验。在军队服役两年后，作者回家时仍被父亲视为餐馆的一员，需要参与清洁工作。文章体现了家庭餐馆中团队精神和劳动价值的重要性。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我的责任也越来越重。A. duties责任；B. scores得分；C. wages薪水；D. ideas想法。根据上文“my first real job was...”和下文“as I grew older.”可推知，随着年龄的增长，作者要做的工作也越来越多，责任也越来越重。故选A项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：十二岁时，我当上了清洁工。A. waiter侍者；B. cook厨师；C. cleaner清洁工；D. manager经理。根据下文“I was the best “mop (拖把) guy””可知，作者成了餐馆里的清洁工。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在餐厅工作是一件非常自豪的事情，因为我为整个家庭做出了贡献。A. attending参加；B. applying申请；C. reacting反应；D. contributing贡献。根据上文“Working in the restaurant was a source of great pride”可推知，自豪是源于自己对家庭做出了贡献。故选D项。 【4题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我父亲说得很清楚，我必须达到一定的标准才能成为团队的一员。A. standards标准；B. challengers挑战者；C. achievements成就；D. customers顾客。根据下文“That’s to say, I had to be 5 , hard-working and polite to the customers.”的解释可知，父亲为成为团队的一员提出了一定的标准。故选A项。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：也就是说，我必须负责，勤奋，对顾客有礼貌。A. insistent坚持的；B. confident自信的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. responsible负责任的。结合常识和上文“to be part of the team”可推知，要成为团队的一员当然要具有责任感。故选D项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了擦鞋的工作，我做的任何工作都没有支付报酬。A. arranged安排；B. praised称赞；C. paid支付；D. suspected怀疑。根据下文“One day I told Dad he should give me $10 a week.”可知，作者的其它工作没有支付报酬，所以才会和父亲谈判，要求加薪。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这件事教会了我，当你谈判时，你最好了解对方的观点和你自己的观点。A. succeed成功；B. negotiate谈判；C. operate操作；D. promise承诺。根据上文“One day I told Dad he should give me $10 a week. He said, “Okay, then how about you paying me for your three meals a day?””可知，这是作者和父亲之间的谈判，是这次谈判让作者明白了一个道理。故选B项。 【8题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我刚刚被提升为队长，走进父母的餐馆时，我充满了自豪。A. dignity自豪；B. respect尊重；C. curiosity好奇心；D. gratitude感激之情。根据上文“I had just been promoted to captain”可推知，刚升为队长的作者觉得自己荣归故里，感到自豪和骄傲。故选A项。 【9题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：但你晚点再打扫怎么样？A. frequently频繁地；B. later后来；C. instead代替；D. immediately立即。根据上文“it’s the cleaner’s day off.”和最后一段中“Early the next morning, I reached for the mop.”可知，父亲给作者放一天假，但要求他以后再打扫。故选B项。 【10题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在爸爸看来，我只是家庭餐馆团队里的一员。A. army军队；B. class班级；C. team团队；D. party聚会。根据第二段中“But my father made it clear that I had to meet certain 4 to be part of the team.”和上文“I was just another member of...”可知，作者成为了家庭餐馆团队里的一员。故选C项。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 I was not originally attracted to nature. For me, nature ____11____ (associate) with the few minutes playing soccer in the nicely cut grass. But in Michigan, nature presents itself in many forms such as sledding as fast as you can down the hill or swimming in one of the five great lakes. This was ____12____ made me excited. These experiences encouraged me to explore one of the raw forms of connecting with nature: camping. Although I ____13____ (spend)a lot of time outside, I had never camped or experienced all of what nature offers. 【答案】11. was associated 12. what 13. had spent 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者原本对自然没有兴趣，后来在密歇根州接触到多种亲近自然的活动后，逐渐萌生了探索自然、尝试露营的想法。 【11题详解】 考查时态语态及主谓一致。句意：对我来说，自然只和在修剪整齐的草地上踢几分钟足球这件事联系在一起。所给动词associate在句中作谓语，与主语nature之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态；根据上一句可知，句子叙述过去的想法，应使用一般过去时；主语nature是单数概念，助动词be使用单数形式was。 【12题详解】 考查表语从句。句意：这就是让我感到兴奋的事物。该句需要一个连词引导表语从句，从句中缺少指代事物的主语，需要用连接代词what。 【13题详解】 考查时态。句意：尽管我之前已经在户外度过了很多时间，但我从未露营过，也没有体验过自然所给予的一切。表示过去的过去发生的事情，所以空格处时态是过去完成时。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 In the Ming Dynasty, a clever craftsman named Zhang Sijia revolutionized scissors. He combined the strength of iron for the handles with ____14____ unique sword-making technique. ____15____ heating and hammering the edges with steel, he created blades that were exceptionally strong and sharp, ____16____ (accept) by a large number of people in their daily tasks at that time. These scissors even became a kitchen essential, especially for ____17____ (cut) through tough items like chicken or fish. In 1628, his son, Zhang Xiaoquan, established his namesake company. 【答案】14. a 15. By##Through 16. accepted 17. cutting 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了明代工匠张思佳革新剪刀，用特殊工艺打造锋利剪刀，其子张小泉于1628年创立同名商号。 【14题详解】 考查冠词。句意：他将铁制手柄的坚固性与一种独特的制剑工艺相结合。此处泛指“一种独特的工艺”，且unique以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 【15题详解】 考查介词。句意：通过用钢材对刀刃进行加热和锻打，他打造出异常坚固锋利的刀刃。本空表示“通过”，用by/through，且句首单词首字母应大写。 【16题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：通过用钢材对刀刃进行加热和锻打，他打造出异常坚固锋利的刀刃，在当时被很多人接受，用于日常劳作。此处为非谓语，blades和accept为被动关系，应用过去分词accepted作后置定语。 【17题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这些剪刀甚至成了厨房必需品，尤其用来剪开鸡肉、鱼肉这类坚韧食材。介词for后面需要接动名词cutting作宾语。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 Five Belgian firms plan to send a 3D printed artificial heart to the International Space Station by 2025 to better understand the effects of ageing and heart diseases in space. The device, which is only a few square millimetres in size, ____18____(use) ink made up of stem cells and biomaterials that can develop into any cell in the body. These cells organize themselves into a developing cardiac organoid (心脏类器官), ____19____ will work with the artificial circulatory system. The innovative technique would facilitate ____20____ (investigate) into heart diseases and trials of some potential medicines. 【答案】18. uses 19. which 20. investigations 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了五家比利时企业计划在2025年前将3D打印的人造心脏送往国际空间站，以及相关设备的构成、运作原理和这项创新技术对心脏病研究和潜在药物试验的推动作用。 【18题详解】 考查时态及主谓一致。句意：这个仅几平方毫米大小的设备使用由干细胞和生物材料制成的墨水，这些材料可以发育成人体内的任意细胞。空出为主句谓语，此处描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时，主句主语为The device是单数第三人称，谓语动词要使用单三形式。 【19题详解】 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这些细胞自行组建成发育中的心脏类器官，它将和人造循环系统协同运作。该空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词cardiac organoid，并指代先行词在从句中作主语，先行词指物，应填关系代词which。 【20题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：这项创新技术将促进对心脏病的研究以及一些潜在药物的试验。谓语动词facilitate意为“促进”，该空需要一个名词作宾语；提示词investigate为动词，其名词为investigation，这是一个可数名词，此处表示多方面的研究，要用复数形式。 第二部分  阅读理解（共两节，38分） 第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Living beyond limits Growing up in the hot Las Vegas desert, all I wanted was to be free. I would daydream about traveling the world, living in a place where it snowed. At the age of 19, the day after I graduated from high school, I moved to a place where it snowed and I found my dream job. For the first time in my life, I felt free, independent and completely in control of my life. That is, until my life took a detour (转折点). I went home from work early one day with what I thought was the flu, and less than 24 hours later I was in the hospital on life support with less than a 2% chance of living. Over the course of two and a half months I lost the hearing in my left ear and both of my legs below the knee. I thought the worst was over until weeks later when I saw my new artificial legs for the first time. They were so painful that all I could think was, how am I ever going to travel the world in these things? And how was I going to snowboard again? But I knew that in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Self and learn to embrace the new Self. And that is when it dawned on me that if I snowboarded again, my feet aren’t going to get cold. Four months later I was back up on a snowboard, although things didn’t go quite as expected: My knees and my ankles wouldn’t bend. But I knew that I would be able to do this again if I could find the right pair of feet. I did a year of research, still couldn’t figure out what kind of legs to use. So I decided to make a pair myself. My leg maker and I put random parts together and we made a pair of feet that I could snowboard in. Then in 2005 I cofounded a nonprofit organization for youth with physical disabilities so they could get involved with action sports. Eleven years ago, when I lost my legs, I had no idea what to expect. But if you ask me today, if I would ever want to change my situation, I would have to say no. Because my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in the possibilities. 21. How did the author feel when she saw her new legs for the first time? A. Astonished.  B. Hopeful.  C. Desperate.  D. Delighted. 22. What mainly helped the author change her thought toward her situation? A. Her positive attitude.   B. Inspiration from research. C. Her love for snowboarding.   D. Help from a nonprofit organization. 23. What can we learn from the passage? A. Practice makes perfect.   B. Actions speak louder than words. C. You can’t judge a book by its cover.  D. Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. D 【解析】 【导语】作者重病失去双腿，一度绝望，但她调整心态，自制假肢重回雪场，还创办公益组织，感悟到只要心怀信念就有无限可能。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“They were so painful that all I could think was, how am I ever going to travel the world in these things? And how was I going to snowboard again?(它们实在太疼了，我满脑子都在想，戴着这些假肢我要怎么环游世界？我要怎么再去单板滑雪？)”可知，作者第一次看到新假肢时内心绝望。 【22题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段“But I knew that in order to move forward, I had to let go of the old Self and learn to embrace the new Self. And that is when it dawned on me that if I snowboarded again, my feet aren’t going to get cold.(但我知道想要继续前行，我必须放下过去的自己，学着接纳全新的自己。就在那时我突然想到，如果我再去单板滑雪，我的脚就不会冻着了。)”可知，是作者积极的心态帮助她转变了对自身处境的看法。 【23题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文特别是根据最后一段“But if you ask me today, if I would ever want to change my situation, I would have to say no. Because my legs haven’t disabled me. They’ve forced me to rely on my imagination and to believe in the possibilities.(但如果你现在问我，我是否想改变自己的处境，我会回答不想。因为我的双腿并没有让我变得无能；它们反倒促使我依靠想象力，去相信世间存在无限可能。)”可知，文章讲述了作者尽管在成长过程中经历了巨大的挫折，包括失去听力和双腿，但她并没有放弃，而是通过努力和决心重新站起来，甚至成立了一个非营利组织来帮助其他身体有残疾的青年。她的故事展示了一个强烈的意愿和决心可以克服一切困难，即“有志者事竟成”的道理。因此，选项D“Nothing is impossible to a willing heart(有志者事竟成)”最符合文章的主旨。 B Eleven o’clock at night saw a large woman with a large purse walking alone, when a boy ran up behind and tried to snatch (抢夺) her purse. But the boy lost his balance and fell on his back. The woman picked him up firmly by his shirt front. “Aren’t you ashamed of yourself?” shouted the woman. Two or three people passed, stopped, and stood watching. “I’m very sorry, lady. I’m sorry,” whispered the skinny little boy, in broken tennis shoes. “Um-hum! And your face is dirty,” said the large woman dragging the frightened boy. “Since you put yourself in contact with me, you are going to remember Mrs. Luella Jones.” He began to struggle, but Mrs. Jones continued to drag him up the street. When she got to her door, she dragged the boy inside. “What’s your name?” the woman asked. “Roger,” answered the boy in a low voice. “Then, Roger, you go to that sink and wash your face,” ordered the woman and finally let go of him. “You gonna take me to jail (监狱)?” asked Roger, bending over the sink. “Not with that face,” said Mrs. Jones. “I believe you were hungry to snatch my purse.” “I wanted a pair of blue shoes,” replied the boy. There was a long pause. After he had dried his face, the boy turned around. The door was open. He could run! After a while the woman said, “I was young once and I wanted things I could not get. I have done things too, which I would not tell anybody else, son.” There was another long pause. The boy’s mouth opened. Then Mrs. Jones went to do the cooking. She did not watch the boy to see if he was going to run, nor did she watch her purse left behind her. She did not ask him anything about where he lived, or his folks. Instead, as they ate, she told him a lot about her job in a hotel shop and how all kinds of people came in and out. She cut him another piece of her cake. When they finished eating, she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some blue shoes. Do not make the mistake, because shoes come by devilish ways like that will burn your feet.” She led him to the front door. “Good night! Behave yourself, son!” she said, looking out into the street. 24. How did Roger feel when Mrs. Jones mentioned her past? A. Frightened. B. Surprised. C. Settled. D. Ashamed. 25. Why did Mrs. Jones call Roger son? A. She intended to go easy on him. B. He reminded her of her own son. C. He put himself to be in contact with her. D. She lacked an excuse to teach him a lesson. 26. Which of the following words can best describe Mrs. Jones? A. Kind and generous. B. Able and ambitious. C. Frank and cooperative. D. Calm and courageous. 27. What can be mainly concluded from this passage? A. Home is where the heart is. B. Life is full of ups and downs. C. A best parent is to lead by example. D. A good deed shines the light into the dark. 【答案】24. B 25. A 26. A 27. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一个深夜，一个胖女人遭遇小偷抢包，最后她并未报警，反而带小偷回家，给他洗净脸，还给了他十美元买鞋。在交流过程中，女人讲述了自己年轻时的经历，教育小偷不要走上错误的道路。最后，她将小偷送出门口，告诫他要好好做人。文章通过这个故事传递了关爱和教育的力量。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第四段中“After a while the woman said, “I was young once and I wanted things I could not get. I have done things too, which I would not tell anybody else, son.” There was another long pause. The boy’s mouth opened.(过了一会儿，女人说：“我曾经年轻过，想要得不到的东西。我也做过一些我不会告诉别人的事，孩子。”又是一阵长时间的沉默。男孩张大嘴)”可知，男孩听了琼斯太太的话后张大了嘴。由此推知，他对此感到惊讶。故选B项。 【25题详解】 推理判断题。根据第七段中““You gonna take me to jail (监狱)?” asked Roger, bending over the sink.(“你要把我送进监狱吗？”罗杰俯身趴在水池边问)”可知，罗杰被抓后感到非常害怕，怕琼斯太太把他送进监狱，结合倒数第四段中“After a while the woman said, “I was young once and I wanted things I could not get. I have done things too, which I would not tell anybody else, son.” There was another long pause.(过了一会儿，女人说：“我曾经年轻过，想要得不到的东西。我也做过一些我不会告诉别人的事，孩子。”又是一阵长时间的沉默)”可知，琼斯太太并没有打算把罗杰送进监狱，相反给他分享了自己的秘密。由此推知，善良的琼斯太太想通过亲切的称呼来缓解罗杰的紧张的恐惧，想要对他好一点；go easy on sb.“对人宽容；对某人温和”。故选A项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Then Mrs. Jones went to do the cooking. She did not watch the boy to see if he was going to run, nor did she watch her purse left behind her. She did not ask him anything about where he lived, or his folks. Instead, as they ate, she told him a lot about her job in a hotel shop and how all kinds of people came in and out. She cut him another piece of her cake.(然后琼斯太太去做饭了。她没有看那个男孩是否要跑，也没有看她的钱包落在她身后。她没有问他住在哪里，也没有问他的家人。相反，当他们吃饭的时候，她告诉他很多关于她在酒店商店工作的事情，以及各种各样的人是如何进进出出的。她又给他切了一块蛋糕)”和倒数第二段中“When they finished eating, she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some blue shoes. Do not make the mistake, because shoes come by devilish ways like that will burn your feet.”(他们吃完饭后，她站起来说：“喏，拿着这十美元，给自己买双蓝鞋吧。不要犯这个错误，因为鞋子会以这种可怕的方式来烧伤你的脚。”)”可知，琼斯太太不但没有惩罚偷钱的罗杰，反而给他做饭吃，给他拿钱买鞋。由此推知，琼斯太太是一个善良且大方的人。故选A项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合倒数第二段中“When they finished eating, she got up and said, “Now, here, take this ten dollars and buy yourself some blue shoes. Do not make the mistake, because shoes come by devilish ways like that will burn your feet.”(他们吃完饭后，她站起来说：“喏，拿着这十美元，给自己买双蓝鞋吧。不要犯这个错误，因为鞋子会以这种可怕的方式来烧伤你的脚。”)”可知，文章讲述了善良的琼斯太太非但没有惩罚偷钱的罗杰，反而给他做饭吃，给他拿钱买鞋。由此推知，故事表达了善行的力量，它像黑夜中的一束光，可以照亮人性的黑暗。故选D项。 C The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth. A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place. “Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer. Humans aren’t the only potentially affected. “For a lot of things in the subsurface, it’s kind of ‘out of sight, out of mind’,” says Grant Ferguson, a geologist. But the underground world is full of creatures that have adapted to subsurface existence such as insects and snails. As the temperature rises because of climate change and underground urban development, scientists are keeping eyes on the potential implications for underground ecosystems. But the question of how underground hotspots could affect infrastructure has gone largely unstudied. Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures. To understand how underground temperature difference has affected the ground’s physical properties, he used a computer model to simulate(模拟) the underground environment from the 1950s to now—and then to 2050. He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall. Kathrin Menberg, a geoscientist in Germany, says these displacement predictions are far beyond her guesses and could be linked to the soft, clay-heavy soils. “Clay material is particularly sensitive,” she says, “It would be a big issue in all cities worldwide that are built on such material.” Like climate change above the surface, underground changes occur gradually. “These effects took decades to develop,” Ferguson says, adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to dissipate on their own. “We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.” But Ferguson says this wasted heat energy could also be reused, presenting an opportunity to both cool the subsurface and save on energy costs. Still, this assumption could fail as aboveground climate change continues to boost underground warming. However slowly, this heat will gather beneath our feet. “It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.” 28. The author quotes Rotta Loria in Paragraph 2 mainly to _______. A. make a prediction B. highlight a finding C. draw a conclusion D. raise an assumption 29. What can we learn from this passage? A. “Urban heat islands” extend underground to spare ecosystems. B. Surface climate change contributes to the reuse of underground heat. C. Underground temperatures mirror the ground’s physical characteristics. D. Buildings may collapse as a potential consequence of underground heat. 30. What does the underlined word “dissipate” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Show. B. Stay. C. Develop. D. Disappear. 31. What does the author intend to tell us? A. Underground climate change is a silent danger. B. Humans fail to notice the dramatic climate change. C. Cooling the subsurface helps control urban heat rises. D. Researching underground heat helps save on energy costs. 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇说明文，介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，是一种无声的危险。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”说明城市热量在向地下发展，第二段““Without anyone realizing it, the city of Chicago’s downtown was deforming,” says study author Rotta Loria, an environmental engineer.(“在没有人意识到的情况下，芝加哥市中心正在变形，”研究报告的作者、环境工程师罗塔·洛里亚说)”引用Rotta Loria的话突出了这一发现。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Because materials expand and contract with temperature change, Rotta suspected that heat coming from underground could be contributing to wear and tear on various structures.(由于材料会随着温度的变化而膨胀和收缩，罗塔怀疑来自地下的热量可能会导致各种结构的磨损)”及“He found that by the middle of this century, some areas may lift upward by as much as 0.50 inch or settle by as much as 0.32 inch, depending on the soil makeup of the area involved. Though these may sound like small displacements, Rotta says they could cause cracks in the foundations of some buildings, causing buildings to fall.(他发现，到本世纪中叶，一些地区可能会向上抬升0.50英寸或下沉0.32英寸，这取决于该地区的土壤构成。虽然这些听起来像是很小的位移，但罗塔说，它们可能会导致一些建筑物的地基出现裂缝，导致建筑物倒塌)”可知，地下热量的潜在后果是建筑物可能倒塌。故选D。 【30题详解】 词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“adding that increased underground temperatures would likewise take a long time to(他补充说，地下温度的升高同样需要很长时间才能)”及后文“We could basically turn everything off, and it’s going to remain there, the temperature signal, for quite a while.(我们基本上可以把所有的东西都关掉，温度信号会在那里停留很长一段时间)”可推知，关掉开关，也不会导致地下温度升高立即消失，因此，地下温度升高需要很长时间才能消失，划线词与disappear意思一致。故选D。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第一段“The streets and roofs of cities all absorb heat, making some urban areas hotter than rural ones. These “urban heat islands” can also develop underground as city heat spreads downward, and subway tracks and other subsurface infrastructure(基础设施) also constantly radiate warmth into the surrounding earth.(城市的街道和屋顶都会吸收热量，这使得一些城市地区比农村地区更热。随着城市热量向下传播，这些“城市热岛”也会在地下发展，地铁轨道和其他地下基础设施也会不断向周围的地球辐射热量)”及第二段“A new study of downtown Chicago shows underground hotspots may threaten the very same structures that give off the heat in the first place.(一项针对芝加哥市中心的新研究表明，地下热点可能会威胁到最初散发热量的相同结构)”结合最后一段““It’s like climate change,” Rotta Loria says. “Maybe we don’t see it always, but it’s happening.”(“这就像气候变化，”罗塔·洛里亚说。“也许我们并不总是看到这种情况，但它正在发生。”)”可知，本文介绍了城市的热量正在向地下传播，这会影响到一些地面建筑材料，且这种变化是不易察觉的，因此，作者想要告诉我们“地下气候变化是一种无声的危险”。故选A。 D Have we reached the peak of the culture war? Looking at my social media feeds, it seems that polarised thinking and misinformation have never been more common. How am I supposed to feel when users I once admired now draw on questionable evidence to support their beliefs? Perhaps it is time for us all to adopt a little “existential humility”. I came across this idea in a paper by Jeffrey Greenat Virginia from Common Wealth University and his colleagues. They build on a decade of research examining the benefits of “intellectual humility” more generally — our ability to recognise the errors in our judgement and remain aware of the limits of our knowledge. You can get a flavour of this research by rating your agreement with the following statements, ranging from 1 (not at all like me) to 5 (very like me): I question my own opinions because they could be wrong; I recognise the value in opinions that are different from my own; in the face of conflicting evidence, I am open to changing my opinions. People who score highly on this assessment are less likely to form knee-jerk reactions on a topic, and they find it easier to consider the strengths or weaknesses of a logical argument. They are less likely to be influenced by misinformation, since they tend to read the article in full, investigate the sources of a news story and compare its reporting to other statements, before coming to a strong conclusion about its truth. Developing “intellectual humility” would be an excellent idea in all fields, but certain situations may make it particularly difficult to achieve. Greenat points out that some beliefs are so central to our identity that any challenge can activate an existential crisis, as if our whole world view and meaning in life are under threat. As a result, we become more insistent in our opinions and seek any way to protect them. This may reduce some of our feelings of uncertainty, but it comes at the cost of more analytical thinking. For these reasons, Greenat defines “existential humility” as the capacity to entertain the thought of another world view without becoming so defensive and closed-minded. So how could we achieve it? This will be the subject of future research, but the emotion of awe (a feeling of great respect and admiration) may offer one possibility. One study found that watching awe-inspiring videos about space and the universe led to humbler thinking, including a greater capacity to admit weaknesses. Perhaps we could all benefit from interrupting our despair with awe-inspiring content. At the very least, we can try to question our preconceptions before offering our views on social media and be a little less ready to criticize when others disagree. 32. Regarding the culture war on social media, the author is _______. A. embarrassed B. concerned C. panicked D. stressed 33. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Existential humility reduces the threat to identity. B. People with intellectual humility tend to jump to conclusions. C. Awe could promote existential humility by encouraging modest thinking. D. The higher you score on the assessment, the more you stick to your values. 34. Which would be the best title for the passage? A. Overcome an Existential Crisis B. Show a Little Humility C. The Path to Screening Information D. The Approach to Achieving Humility 【答案】32. B 33. C 34. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了谦逊的好处。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Have we reached the peak of the culture war? Looking at my social media feeds, it seems that polarised thinking and misinformation have never been more common. How am I supposed to feel when users I once admired now draw on questionable evidence to support their beliefs?(我们已经到了文化战争的顶峰了吗？看看我的社交媒体动态，两极分化的思维和错误信息似乎从未如此普遍。当我曾经崇拜的用户现在用可疑的证据来支持他们的信念时，我该作何感想？)”可知，关于社交媒体上的文化战争，作者是担忧的。故选B项。 【33题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“This will be the subject of future research, but the emotion of awe (a feeling of great respect and admiration) may offer one possibility. One study found that watching awe-inspiring videos about space and the universe led to humbler thinking, including a greater capacity to admit weaknesses.(这将是未来研究的主题，但敬畏的情绪(一种非常尊重和钦佩的感觉)可能提供一种可能性。一项研究发现，观看关于太空和宇宙的令人敬畏的视频会让人更谦虚的思考，包括更大的承认弱点的能力。)”可知，敬畏可以通过鼓励谦虚的思考来促进存在主义的谦逊。故选C项。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“Perhaps it is time for us all to adopt a little “existential humility”. I came across this idea in a paper by Jeffrey Greenat Virginia from Common Wealth University and his colleagues. They build on a decade of research examining the benefits of “intellectual humility” more generally — our ability to recognise the errors in our judgement and remain aware of the limits of our knowledge.(也许现在是我们大家采取一点“存在主义谦逊”的时候了。我在来自共同财富大学的Jeffrey Greenat Virginia和他的同事的一篇论文中偶然发现了这个想法。他们建立在十年研究的基础上，更广泛地研究了“知识谦逊”的好处——我们认识到自己判断中的错误并意识到自己知识有限的能力。)”可知，本文主要讲述了谦逊的好处，因此本文的最佳标题是B项“表现出一点谦逊”。故选B项。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The beginning of the Year of the Dragon has foreshadowed a “Song of Ice and Fire” with the emergence of Sora, a text-to-video AI model. Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles. ___35___ However, film insiders noted that currently, AI-generated 60-second videos cannot support the creation of a full-length movie, and the idea that AI tools will “bomb” the film and television industry is so far unfounded. Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry. ___36___ From the age of film stock to the digital age, from practical effects to digital effects, from 2D to 3D, Sora, like any technological revolution in the century-long history of film, will improve production efficiency, update production and may even create new genres and trends in filmmaking. ___37___ Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination. Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced. ___38___ Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora. ___39___ However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought. A. With OpenAI’s iteration speed, producing AI videos dozens of minutes long is not far off. B. It is also likely to be incorporated into film and television education and training in the future. C. Film and television are closely linked to technological advancements, which stimulate creativity. D. Sora will undoubtedly prompt changes in existing industrial production and may even replace some jobs. E. Sora is undoubtedly “more of an opportunity than a challenge” for the global film and television industry. F. Creativity and film production requires the integration of emotional experiences and individual memories. G. This implies that with just a text description, ordinary people using Sora may be able to become “great directors”. 【答案】35. G 36. E 37. B 38. F 39. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了工智能模型Sora对电影产业的影响，但专家表示Sora不会取代人类。 【35题详解】 根据上文“Videos generated by Sora display strong consistency when it comes to characters and backgrounds, and support continuous shots of up to 60 seconds, including highly detailed settings and multiple camera angles.”（Sora生成的视频在人物和背景方面显示出强大的一致性，并支持长达60秒的连续拍摄，包括高度详细的设置和多个相机角度。）可知，选项承接上文说明使用Sora的意义。故G选项“这意味着，只要一个文本描述，使用Sora的普通人就可能成为“伟大的导演”。故选G项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“Meanwhile, experts say not to worry excessively, as the integration of AI will help optimize certain occupations, attract more innovative talents and bring new possibilities to the film and television industry.”（与此同时，专家表示不必过度担心，因为人工智能的整合将有助于优化某些职业，吸引更多创新人才，并为影视行业带来新的可能性）可知，选项承接上文说明Sora给影视业带来了机会大于挑战。故E选项“对于全球影视业来说，Sora无疑‘与其说是挑战，不如说是机遇’”切题。故选E项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“Students learning film production can view Sora as a helpful assistant to unleash their sci-fi imagination.”（学习电影制作的学生可以将Sora视为一个有用的助手，以释放他们的科幻想象力。）可知，Sora可能会被应用于影视教育和培训，成为学生一个有用的助手。故B选项“ 它也有可能在未来被纳入影视教育和培训”切题。故选B项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Facing the panic signals that AI tools will threaten the global film industry, film insiders argued that the fundamental DNA of film is art and that human creativity cannot be replaced.”（面对人工智能工具将威胁全球电影产业的恐慌信号，电影业内人士辩称，电影的基本DNA是艺术，人类的创造力是不可替代的）和下文“Many directors, screenwriters, and actors achieve great works by continuously integrating personal emotions and life experiences. This kind of individual creativity cannot be imitated by machines like Sora.”（许多导演、编剧和演员通过不断融合个人情感和生活经历来创作伟大的作品。这种个人创造力是Sora这样的机器无法模仿的）可知，选项承接上文说明人类的创造力是不可替代的原因且要引出个人情感和生活经历对伟大作品创作的重要性。故F选项“创意和电影制作需要情感体验和个人记忆的整合”切题。故选F项。 【39题详解】 根据下文“However, just as the invention of printing did not replace literature or the invention of photography did not replace painting, Sora and its subsequent updates and upgrades will not replace film because the core of these art forms is creativity, which is a unique aspect of human thought.”（然而，正如印刷术的发明没有取代文学，摄影术的发明也没有取代绘画一样，Sora及其后续的更新和升级也不会取代电影，因为这些艺术形式的核心是创造力，这是人类思想的一个独特方面。）可知Sora不会取代电影、让人失去岗位，下文与选项为转折关系说明毫无疑问，Sora肯能促使变化，取代某些岗位。故D选项“Sora将促使现有工业生产发生变化，甚至可能取代一些工作岗位”切题。故选D项。 第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分） 第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分） From birth, every person needs other human beings. Babies need to be cared for to survive. Their first connections usually come from parents and other family members. But as children grow up, they spend more time with others. And they may or may not feel connected to the people they see every day. Some people feel different from or rejected by their neighbors, people they work with or even their families. People who don’t feel like they belong often feel lonely, even when others are around. People find different ways to meet their natural desire to belong to a group. Some rely on their families while others find communities based on other interests. These can include shared goals, life experiences or popular culture. You need others for many reasons. Community members can offer advice or practical help when you go through difficult times. You can also grow as a person from helping others So what can you do if you lack a sense of belonging? The first step will usually be to make a conscious effort to reach out to others. You could join groups based on interests you share. Or you could contact an individual with whom you have something in common and decide when to meet up. This may be uncomfortable at first, but as with most things, it becomes easier with practice. Focusing on others more than on yourself may help. Ask questions that show you care about others’ lives. This will help them feel valued. If you are shy, it will spare you from having to talk about yourself too much. Finding community requires a willingness to accept others. But it is also important to remain true to yourself. If a person always hides his or her true thoughts and feelings to fit in, how could he or she feel a sense of belonging? And it will be much easier if you ask yourself what matters most to you. Finding a place where you belong may not be easy. But it will help you live a happier, more fulfilled life. So if you are the one looking for it, don’t lose heart easily since it truly deserves the effort. 40. Where are babies’ first connections usually from? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. Why do you need others? ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. ▶Focusing on others more than on yourself may help when you are finding community, so you should ignore your true feelings or thoughts during this process. ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. Give an example to illustrate what benefit(s) having a sense of belonging has brought you. (In about 40 words) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. Their first connections usually come from parents and other family members. 41. Because community members can offer advice or practical help when I go through difficult times. And I can also grow as a person from helping others. 42. Focusing on others more than on yourself may help when you are finding community, so you should ignore your true feelings or thoughts during this process. It is also important to remain true to yourself. If you always hide your true thoughts and feelings to fit in, you cannot feel a sense of belonging. 43. Having a sense of belonging in a book club has enriched my life immensely. Discussing books with like-minded individuals not only broadens my horizons but also provides me with emotional support and a platform to express myself freely, contributing to my personal growth and happiness. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要阐述了人类归属感的重要性、获取途径及提升建议。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“Their first connections usually come from parents and other family members.(他们的最初联系通常来自父母和其他家庭成员)”可知，婴儿最初的社会联系通常来自于父母和其他家庭成员。故答案为Their first connections usually come from parents and other family members. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“You need others for many reasons. Community members can offer advice or practical help when you go through difficult times. You can also grow as a person from helping others.(你需要他人的原因有很多。当你经历困难时期时，社区成员可以提供建议或实际帮助。通过帮助他人，你自己也能得到成长)”可知，我们需要他人是因为社区成员能在我们经历困难时提供建议或实际帮助，并且在帮助他人的过程中我们自身也能得到成长。故答案为Because community members can offer advice or practical help when I go through difficult times. And I can also grow as a person from helping others. 【42题详解】 考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中“Finding community requires a willingness to accept others. But it is also important to remain true to yourself. If a person always hides his or her true thoughts and feelings to fit in, how could he or she feel a sense of belonging?(寻找社群需要愿意接受他人的态度。但同时坚持做真实的自己也很重要。如果一个人总是隐藏自己的真实想法和感受以适应群体，他或她又怎能感受到归属感呢？)”可知，寻找社群时，保持真实自我也很重要，如果一个人总是隐藏自己的真实想法和感受以适应群体，那么他或她将无法感受到归属感，忽视自己真实的想法和感受是不对的。因此，所给句子“Focusing on others more than on yourself may help when you are finding community, so you should ignore your true feelings or thoughts during this process.(当你找到社区时，关注他人而不是自己可能会有所帮助，所以在这个过程中你应该忽略你的真实感受或想法)”中的错误部分为“so you should ignore your true feelings or thoughts during this process.”。故答案为It is also important to remain true to yourself. If you always hide your true thoughts and feelings to fit in, you cannot feel a sense of belonging. 【43题详解】 开放性题目。此题要求举例说明拥有归属感给你带来的好处，答案不唯一，合理即可。例如：在读书俱乐部中拥有一份归属感极大地丰富了我的生活。与志趣相投的人一起讨论书籍不仅拓宽了我的视野，还为我提供了情感上的支持和一个自由表达自我的平台，这对我的个人成长和幸福感有着莫大的贡献。故答案为Having a sense of belonging in a book club has enriched my life immensely. Discussing books with like-minded individuals not only broadens my horizons but also provides me with emotional support and a platform to express myself freely, contributing to my personal growth and happiness. 36. 第二节（20分） 44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华，近期你班班会课上就“社交媒体对人际关系的影响”展开了辩论。你的笔友Jim对此很感兴趣，询问该辩论赛的情况，请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：1. 正反双方的观点：2. 你的观点。 注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m glad to tell you about the debate on whether social media affects interpersonal relationships held in our class meeting. The pros argued that social media helps us stay connected with friends far away. It’s convenient to share our life and keep in touch anytime. However, the cons held the opposite view. They thought many people bury themselves in phones and ignore people around them, which weakens face-to-face communication. As for me, social media itself is not bad. We should treat it properly. It is a useful tool but can never replace real talks. We’d better balance online communication and offline interactions. What’s your opinion about it? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】短文要求考生向笔友介绍班级关于社交媒体对人际关系影响的辩论并分享个人看法。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 辩论：debate → argument 保持联系：stay connected with → keep in contact with 削弱：weaken → undermine 帮助：help → assist 2. 句式拓展 合并句子 原句：As for me, social media itself is not bad. We should treat it properly. 拓展句：As for me, social media itself, which is not bad, should be treated properly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】They thought many people bury themselves in phones and ignore people around them, which weakens face-to-face communication.（运用which引导非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I’m glad to tell you about the debate on whether social media affects interpersonal relationships held in our class meeting.（运用whether引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $