Unit 5 Section B（1a-1f）（同步教学课件）2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（新教材人教版）

Section B 1a-1f Unit 5 Power of Ideas Learning Aims 语言能力 文化意识 思维品质 学习能力 提升词汇运用、听力理解和口语表达的综合语言运用能力，形成围绕特定主题的交流意识； 掌握“关键词捕捉法”等听力技巧，学会自主预习、小组合作的学习方式，提升自主探究和协作能力。 通过观察图片、分析听力信息、仿写句子，培养逻辑思维和情景联想能力. 了解不同地区常见自然灾害的分布特点，培养对自然的敬畏之心和防灾减灾的基本认知； What are the four great inventions of China? paper making gunpowder printing compass 1a What material are these things made of?Find more things that are made of this material. They are made of paper. Other things made of paper:magazines, newspapers, postcards and paper cups.（答案不唯一，仅供参考） Who is he ? What thing did he invent? He is Cai Lun (蔡伦) He invented paper. Name｜姓名：Cai Lun (蔡伦), style name Jingzhong (敬仲)。东汉时期著名的宦官、发明家，以改进造纸术名垂青史。 蔡伦（61年/63年－121年），字敬仲，桂阳郡（今湖南耒阳）人。中国东汉宦官、发明家。 核心贡献：改进造纸术 在蔡伦之前，人们书写的材料主要是竹简、木牍、丝帛或早期麻纸： 竹简、木牍笨重，携带不便； 丝帛昂贵，普通百姓难以负担；早期麻纸粗糙、易碎，不适合书写。 担任尚方令（主管皇家作坊）期间，蔡伦利用职务之便，总结前人经验，大胆革新工艺：首次采用树皮（如楮皮）、麻头、破布、旧渔网等廉价材料； 通过浸泡、蒸煮、舂捣、打浆、抄造、晾晒等工序，制成质地轻薄、成本低廉的植物纤维纸； 公元105年，他将改进后的纸献给汉和帝，得到朝廷认可并下令全国推广，这种纸被称为 “蔡侯纸”。 Title: An Invention That Changed the World The passage is mainly about ____________________. an invention What do you think the text will talk about? When was paper invented? Who improved it? What changes did it bring? … Skim the passage and predict what it is about. What can we predict the topic of this passage is? A. The process and global influence of Cai Lun’s papermaking B. Various writing tools widely used in Western Han Dynasty C. How ancient Chinese people recorded history on silk and bones D. The development of printing in European countries in the 12th century 9 1b Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 A. Early materials to write on B. Cai Lun’s experiment was successful C. Papermaking shaped the modern world D. How paper changed the world E. Cai Lun’s creative idea Read the text and match each paragraph with its topic. 、 Identifying text organization Finding main ideas in paragraphs helps understand text organization. 11 Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 A. Early materials to write on B. Cai Lun’s experiment C. Introduction to the topic D. How paper changed the world E. Cai Lun’s creative idea 12 Read the text again , then discuss with your partners and choose the right answers. 1. When did Cai Lun show his new paper to the emperor? A. In the Western Han Dynasty B. In 105 CE C. In the 12th century D. After papermaking reached Europe 2. Which of the following is NOT the material Cai Lun used to make paper? A. Bark B. Old clothes C. Silk D. Plants 3. How did papermaking reach Europe? A. Through Arabic countries in the 12th century B. Directly from China’s neighbouring countries C. With the help of printing machines D. By ancient Chinese businessmen in Eastern Han 4.What does the underlined word “ingredients” in Paragraph 4 mean? A. The machines people use to cut wood B. All the materials needed to make paper C. Thin bamboo tools for drying paper D. Old clothes used to make daily clothes 5.What is the main idea of the passage? A. To introduce ancient writing materials in old China B. To describe the whole process of making paper by Cai Lun C. To talk about the history and great influence of Cai Lun’s papermaking D. To explain how paper and printing changed European life Find out what these pronouns from the text refer to. 1c It in Paragraph 1: _________ It in Paragraph 5: _________ it in Paragraph 5: _________ This in Paragraph 5: _______ 代词是语篇衔接与连贯的重要纽带，其核心功能是避免内容重复、串联上下文逻辑。 确定代词指代对象的方法： 1.就近定位，结合单复数、词性、人称的语法一致性缩小范围； 2.回溯前文1-2句，根据语义锁定与代词有逻辑关联的内容，如名词或事件； 3.代入验证，将指代对象代入代词的位置，通读前后文，确保语义、语法、逻辑通顺。 It in Paragraph 1: ____________________________ It in Paragraph 5: ____________________________ it in Paragraph 5: _____________________________ This in Paragraph 5: __________________________ papermaking the papermaking technique the use of paper and printing a rapid increase in the number of books 1d Question Material to write on before Cai Lun Cai Lun’s paper What was it like? What was used to make it? Para.2 Para.3&4 Read again and complete the table. ( )1. How does the writer introuduce the invention-papermaking? A.By asking a question. B. By giving an example. C.By listing numbers. D.By using sayings 2.It in Paragraph 1 refer to______________________. papermaking A Read Para. 1 , choose the right answer and find out the pronoun refer to. Question Material to write on before Cai Lun What was used to make it?(materials) People wrote on______________, ______________, __________, ________, __________, ________ and ________. What was it like? (disavantages) All these materials were either ________________ or____________________ animal bones bronze wares stones wood silk jute bamboo difficult to use and store very expensive either...or... 或者...... 或者...... 要么...... 要么...... Read Para. 2 and fill in the chart. Read Para. 3~4 and fill in the chart. Question Cai Lun’s paper What was used to make it?(materials) _______, ______________ and ____________could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. What was it like? (advantages) This paper was_____, ______, _____________________, and________________. Bark certain plants old clothes Question Cai Lun’s paper What was used to make it?(materials) _______, ______________ and ____________could be used to make a special material suitable to write on. What was it like? (advantages) This paper was_____, ______, _____________________, and________________. Bark certain plants old clothes soft light easy to make and use cheap All the ingredients were mixed and boiled in water. The material was beaten, cut up, and mixed with water. The liquid was poured over a bamboo screen, leaving just the fibre. The fibre was dried and pressed to form paper. Then retell the process of making paper in your own words. 1e What qualities can you find from Cai Lun? He is creative and wise. He thought of using cheap materials to make better paper. He is hard-working and patient. He did lots of experiments and never gave up. He is careful and observant. He learned from old ways and found better methods. He has a sense of responsibility. As the head office of the palace workshop, he tried to solve the problem. 1. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? printing the compass （指南针） gunpowder （火药） Discuss the questions. 1f Printing helped spread knowledge and culture much faster and more widely. The compass made long-distance sailing safer and easier, so people could discover new lands. Gunpowder changed wars and later was also used in construction（建筑）. These inventions greatly pushed the development of the whole world and influenced human history deeply. Discuss the questions. 1f 1. What other ancient Chinese inventions do you know? How was the world changed by them? 22 2. What qualities do you think a great inventor has? I think a great inventor has many good qualities. First, the inventor is creative and can come up with new ideas. Second, he is hard-working and never gives up easily. Third，he or she is patient and keeps trying even if he or she fails many times. （答案不唯一，仅供参考） Curiosity Creativity Perseverance Retell how Cai Lun improved the papermaking technique. 1. mix and boil 2. beat, cut up and mix 3. pour over a screen 4. dry and press Cai Lun was responsible for improving the papermaking techniques. In the first step,______________________________________________. Then,______________________________________________________. Next,_______________________________________________________. Finally,_____________________________________________________. Language points Point 1 It, more than any other invention, was responsible for the rapid spread of information that shaped our modern world.它比任何其他发明都更能促成信息的迅速传播，正是这些信息塑造了我们的现代世界。 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj. 作为原因的；有责任的 用法：形容词，常与 for 搭配，表对… 负责、是… 的原因 搭配：be responsible for 对… 负责；引起 be responsible for doing sth 对做某事负责 ◆ The storm is responsible for the death of 12 people. 这场暴风雨造成了12人死亡。 ◆ He is responsible for designing the whole project. 他负责设计整个项目。 拓展：responsibility〔名词〕责任；义务 It is our responsibility to protect the environment.  保护环境是我们的责任. Point 2 However, all of these materials were either difficult to use and store, or very expensive.然而，所有这些材料要么难以使用和储存，要么非常昂贵。 either ... or ... “或者……或者……；要么……要么……” 用法：用来连接两个并列成分（单词、短语、句子） 核心语法：连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要与邻近的主语在人称和数上保持一致(就近原则) ◆ You can come either this afternoon or tomorrow. 你要么今天下午来，要么明天来。 Either you or I am going there tomorrow. 明天要么你去那里，要么我去那里。 就近原则还适用于：neither … nor … 既不…也不… not only … but also … 不仅…而且… Point 3 Different methods for creating something to write on were tried, but none were ideal.人们尝试了各种用来制作书写材料的方法，但都不理想。 none /nʌn/ 〔不定代词〕 没有一个；毫无 none no one 辨析：none与 no one 没有一个；毫无 既可指人， 也可指物 “none of+可数名词复数”作主语时，谓语动词用单、复数皆可；“none of+不可数名词”作主语时，谓语 动词用第三人称单数形式 常 用 来 回 答 how many或 how much 引导的特殊疑问句 没有人 只能指人 作主语时，谓语动词只能用第三人称单数形式 用来回答 who 引导的特殊疑问句 ◆ None of the wallets is/are mine. 这些钱包没有一个是我的。 ◆ —How many opera tickets do you have?你有多少张歌剧票？ —None. 一张也没有。 ◆ No one wants to discuss the problem with you. 没有人想和你讨论这个问题。 ◆ —Who knows his address? 谁知道他的地址？—No one. 没有人。 none 否定三个或三个以上的人或物，常用于none of + sb./sth. 的结构中 翻译：我想要一些纸，但是桌子上一张也没有。 今天没有一个学生上学迟到。 这笔钱没有一分是我的 I want some paper but there is none on the desk. None of the students was/were late for school today. None of the money is mine. “none of +可数名词复数” 在句中作主语时，谓语动词既可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式； “none of +不可数名词” 在句中作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 Exercises 单项选择 一、单项选择。 ( ) 1. —Which of the three books do you want to borrow? —______. I’ve already read all of them and don’t need any now. A. None B. Neither C. All D. Either ( ) 2. His carelessness in the experiment ______ a big mistake, which made his teacher very disappointed. A. led to make B. led to making C. led making D. led make ( ) 3. The serious traffic jam ______ the heavy rain last night, and it ______ many people being late for work this morning. A. resulted from; resulted in B. resulted in; resulted from C. resulted from; led D. led to; resulted from A B A ( )5.The young inventor ________ a completely new solution to the traffic problem. A．came up with B．caught up with C．kept up with D．put up with ( )6.The great Dujiangyan Irrigation (灌溉) System in China ________ over 2,200 years ago to water farmland without building a dam. A．built B．was built C．is built D．build ( )4.I have two ways to improve my creativity, but ________ is perfect enough. A．both B．either C．neither D．none C A B Good tools are r____________ for the quick progress of his work. This kind of paper is s____________ for drawing because it is soft. We hope to turn our dreams into r____________ one day. The new policy will s_________ up local economic development. L_____ on, more people began to know about this great invention. esponsible uitable eality peed ater 二、根据首字母、汉语和句意补全单词。 6. In the Chinese lunar calendar, each year is named after one of the 12 animals based on the year of a person's ___________ (出生). 7. The school organized a science ___________ (作坊) where students could build simple robots by hand. 8. For ___________ (某些) reasons, the invention exhibition has been postponed until next month. 9. Travelling by subway is ___________ (便宜的), while taking a private car is ___________ (昂贵的). 10. We should keep up with the ___________ (迅速的) development of AI technology, or we will fall behind. birth workshop certain cheap expensive rapid 三、按要求改写句子 1. This quiet park is a _________ (suit) place for reading and relaxing. 2. There are some huge ___________ (stone) on the path. Be careful not to trip over them. 3. After years of planning, their dream of building a smart home finally became a ___________ (real). 4. Two police ________(office) were directing traffic at the busy crossroads. 5. The beautiful clay pot is my own ___________ (create). I made it in the art class. suitable stones reality officers creation 6. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway ______________(complete) in 2006. 7.His new idea is ___________ (complete) different from others’. 8.This idea is one of the most _________ (effect) ways to save energy. 9.The Internet makes it possible for us _________ (spread) information in seconds. 10.The invention of paper was ___________ (responsibility) for the rapid spread of knowledge. completely effective to spread was completed responsible 本课句型 Summary 我都 学会了! Key words Expression reality, responsible, rapid, shape, bronze, ware, jute, fibre, expensive, officer, workshop, none, ideal, certain, suitable, liquid, cheap, creation, rapidly, afford, company, sticky, production, gradually, widely 1.depend on 2.be responsible for 3.be used to do sth. 4. be made from 6. become interested in doing sth 9.be suitable to do sth 10. mix...with....11.praise sb for sth 12.not only … but also … ① In the first step ... Then ... Next ... Finally ... ② ... not only ... but also ... ③ It led to ... This resulted in ... Sentences Basic (必做) 复习并牢记本堂课的重点单词、短语和句型。 Improving(选做) 2.制作一张造纸术海报，并使用连接词：First、Then、Next 和 Finally 来描述它的制作步骤。 Extend (选做) 3.选择一项中国古代发明，用英文写一段60–80词的短文，介绍其发明者、发明时间及对世界的影响，其中至少使用3个一般过去时被动语态句子。 Homework Thank you ! null 143888.67 $