Unit 5 Period Four Using Language（Word课后习题）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学生用书（人教版）

Period Four　Using Language ●Ⅰ 单词拼写(每小题1分,满分6分) 1.The 　　　　　　(肥料) releases nutrients gradually as bacteria break it down.  2.You should allow a little time after a meal for the food to 　　　　　　(消化).  3.The 　　　　　　(广泛的)use of smartphones has significantly changed the way people communicate and access information.  4.We need to get to the 　　　　　　(根源) of the problem before we can solve it.  5.Most authorities agree that play is an 　　　　　　(完全必要的) part of a child’s development.  6.As an 　　　　　　(替代方案,选择) to driving, many people are now choosing to cycle or walk to work.  ●Ⅱ 单句填空(每小题1.5分,满分15分) 1.There is a great demand for volunteers in Africa because many people live in 　　　　(poor).  2.I found myself in an 　　　　　　(entire) new world the moment I arrived in Beijing.  3.Some differences between Chinese and foreign social media 　　　　　　(root) in culture and language.  4.The waste water from the nearby factory has to be 　　　　　　(chemical) treated.  5.If you are in need of a deadline 　　　　　(extend), simply explain the situation to the professor.  6.It is always important to choose enjoyable, 　　　　　　(nutrition) foods.  7.Agriculture could become the growth engine for hunger reduction and poverty 　　　　(alleviate).  8.When we are faced with a difficult decision, it’s important to consider all possible 　　　(alternative) before making a choice.  9.You’d better not go swimming in this river—it is four metres in 　　　　　　(deep) somewhere.  10.We must take two 　　　　　　(aspect) into consideration, both of which are associated with the safety of the students.  ●Ⅲ 短语填空(每小题2分,满分16分) 1.As the conference on climate change approaches, the world’s attention 　　　　　　(集中在) international negotiations.  2.Had we driven 　　　　　　(轮流), you wouldn’t have got so tired.  3.In order to stay healthy, we’d better 　　　　　　　　　　　　(使自己远离) tobacco and alcohol.  4.The chair he sat in was 　　　　　　　　(远非) as comfortable as the custom-designed one behind his desk.  5.Let your child make some of the small decisions concerning his daily routine. 　　　　　　　(例如), allow him to choose what clothes he wears at the weekend.  6.　　　　　　 (至于) our next meeting, let’s make it the day after tomorrow.  7.The technology remained 　　　　　　　　　　　　(在广泛使用) until late in the 20th century.  8.After realizing the benefits, she decided to 　　　　　　(转到,转向) a healthier diet that includes more vegetables and fruits.  ●Ⅳ 句型训练 (每小题3分,满分12分) 1.The violent earthquake claimed many lives, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.(现在分词作状语)   强烈的地震夺去了许多人的生命,使许多孩子无家可归。 2.　　　　　　　　　　 was that I didn’t know how to get along with my roommates.(主语从句)  让我心烦的是我不知道如何与室友和睦相处。 3.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 concerning the preservation of natural resources. (there be)  要解决有关保护自然资源的所有问题,还有很长的路要走。 4.We are both in favour of the suggestion 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　. (同位语从句)  我们都赞成这一建议:我们轮流照顾这位病人。 ●Ⅴ 阅读理解(每小题2.5分,满分10分) [2026·湖南多校联盟高二期中联考] NESLE, FRANCE—on the world’s biggest insect farm, roughly 10 billion bugs (虫子) move towards the day they’ll be broken, dried and sold as an alternative form of protein powder. One of these insects will find its way into your smoothie. They’re marketed as a more sustainable ingredient for fish feed, livestock feed and pet food. Along the way, they are tasked with eating food waste—helping to address a source responsible for a tenth of global greenhouse gas emissions. In nature, black soldier fly worms are gifted recyclers, feeding themselves on dead plants and animals, and turning rot (腐烂物) into a source of protein that feeds fish, birds and other creatures. The French start-up Innovafeed wants the fly worms to do the same for human society on an industrial scale, clearing out thousands of tons of food waste and turning it into animal feed on super-efficient, mechanized farms. The bug farm could serve as a model for a future industry that mixes insect evolution with high-tech robot monitoring to help lower carbon emissions and limit the environmental damage from our food system. In the biggest area of the bug farm, a machine sprinkles insect eggs into plastic trays along with all the food they’ll need to fuel the first stage of their growth as worms. Black soldier fly worms feed on dead animals, decaying (腐烂) plants and they’ve developed broad immunity to diseases, producing proteins that fight harmful microbes and encourage the growth of helpful ones. “Being able to incorporate insect farming into waste management and use the by-products as safe and nutritious ingredients would be great, rather than hauling so many trucks of trash out to the landfill,” said Christine Picard, a biologist who studies insects at Indiana University Indianapolis.“If this really takes off, I’d love to see this implemented at multiple levels including community areas where you could bring your food waste to be recycled.” (　)1.What do bugs mainly do in the insect farm? A.Be human food directly. B.Turn food waste into protein. C.Take the place of livestock. D.Check food system emissions. (　)2.Why are black soldier fly worms considered “gifted recyclers” in nature? A.They feed on waste. B.They can prevent diseases. C.They can monitor the farms. D.They can reduce CO2 emissions. (　)3.What does Christine Picard expect from the development of insect farming? A.Large-scale industrial farms. B.The production of protein powder. C.Application in food waste recycling. D.A replacement for traditional landfill systems. (　)4.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage? A.Bugs: a new threat to the environment B.Black soldier fly worms: the future of human food C.Insect farms: a solution to food waste and emissions D.Food waste: the main cause of global greenhouse gas emissions ●Ⅵ 完形填空(每小题1分,满分15分) [2026·辽宁辽西重点高中高二期中考试] In 2007, 22-year-old Ramesh’s peanut farm lost money. As was often the case in most of India, Ramesh was 　1　 pesticides and fertilisers across his 2.4 hectares in the Anantapur District of southern India. In this desert-like area, which gets less than 600 millimetres of rainfall most years, farming is a 　2　.   “I lost a lot of money growing peanuts through chemical farming 　3　,” says Ramesh, who is interested in agriculture. The chemicals are 　4　 in many parts of southern India. The farmers depend too much on pesticides. The chemicals are 　5　 but the production is low. Then in 2017, he 　6　 the chemicals. “Ever since I 　7　 sustainable agricultural practices like natural farming, the production has been 　8　 and the cost has gone down,” he says.  One natural farming method calls for 　9　 all chemical fertilisers and pesticides with organic matter to boost soil nutrient levels. Ramesh also expanded his crops, 　10　 peanuts and some tomatoes. Then he added eggplants and other crops.  With the 　11　 of the non-profit organisation Accion Fraterna Ecology Centre, which works with farmers who want to try 　12　 farming, Ramesh increased his 　13　 enough to buy more land, expanding his field. Like thousands of other farmers practising natural farming across India, Ramesh has 　14　 to enrich his dead soil while his new trees help keep carbon out of the atmosphere, thus playing an important role in reducing India’s carbon footprint. A recent study has shown that the carbon absorption 　15　 of natural farming is as much as 34 percent higher than standard forms of agriculture.  (　)1.A.collecting 　　　　B.applying C.gaining D.robbing (　)2.A.reality B.principle C.challenge D.disaster (　)3.A.phenomena B.conditions C.methods D.analyses (　)4.A.accessible B.specific C.missing D.common (　)5.A.costly B.useful C.essential D.harmless (　)6.A.picked out B.gave up C.handed in D.took over (　)7.A.broke up B.left out C.watched out D.took up (　)8.A.increased B.attained C.tackled D.controlled (　)9.A.understanding B.replacing C.confusing D.rejecting (　)10.A.anxiously B.eventually C.rarely D.originally (　)11.A.vision B.aid C.tendency D.consumption (　)12.A.urban B.domestic C.sustainable D.different (　)13.A.fitness B.limits C.profits D.respect (　)14.A.managed B.hesitated C.failed D.agreed (　)15.A.loss B.barrier C.credit D.potential 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Four　Using Language Ⅰ.1.fertiliser　2.digest　3.widespread　4.root 5.essential　6.alternative Ⅱ.1.poverty　2.entirely　3.are rooted　4.chemically　5.extension　6.nutritious　7.alleviation　8.alternatives　9.depth　10.aspects Ⅲ.1.is focused on　2.in turn　3.keep ourselves free of 4.nowhere near　5.For instance　6.As for　7.in widespread use　8.switch to Ⅳ.1.leaving many children homeless 2.What upset me 3.There is still a long way to go to work out all the problems 4.that we look after the patient by turns Ⅴ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国一个全球最大昆虫农场,通过养殖黑水虻幼虫,将食物垃圾转化为蛋白质饲料,既解决了食物垃圾问题,又降低了碳排放,为可持续发展提供了新路径。 1.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“…they are tasked with eating food waste…”以及第二段中“…turning rot (腐烂物) into a source of protein that feeds fish, birds and other creatures.”可知,昆虫农场中的虫子的主要任务是吃掉食物垃圾,并将其转化为蛋白质(用于动物饲料等)。故选 B 项。 2.A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“In nature, black soldier fly worms are gifted recyclers, feeding themselves on dead plants and animals, and turning rot(腐烂物) into a source of protein…”可知,黑水虻幼虫以动植物腐烂物为食,还能将腐烂物转化为有用的蛋白质,正是这种“以废物为食并实现资源转化”的特性,使其被视为“天赋异禀的回收者”。由此可推断,核心原因是它们以废物为食。故选 A 项。 3.C　推理判断题。根据最后一段中克里斯汀·皮卡德的话 “Being able to incorporate insect farming into waste management…”以及“…I’d love to see this implemented at multiple levels including community areas where you could bring your food waste to be recycled.”可知,她明确提到希望将昆虫养殖纳入废物管理,并在社区等多个层面推广,让人们能将食物垃圾送来回收处理。由此可推断,她期望昆虫养殖能应用于食物垃圾回收领域。故选 C 项。 4.C　主旨大意题。文章围绕昆虫农场展开,开篇点明其通过养殖昆虫处理食物垃圾、转化蛋白质、降低碳排放的核心功能;后续详细介绍了黑水虻幼虫的特性、农场运作模式及专家对其在垃圾回收中应用的期待。A项“昆虫:环境的新威胁”与文意相悖;B项“黑水虻幼虫:人类食物的未来”错误,文中明确其用于动物饲料,而非人类直接食用;D项“食物垃圾:全球温室气体排放的主要原因”仅为背景信息,非文章核心。C项“昆虫农场:食物垃圾与排放的解决方案”准确概括了文章主旨,符合题意。故选 C 项。 Ⅵ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,主要讲述了一位名叫Ramesh的印度农民在2007年因使用农药和肥料种植花生而亏损,后来他放弃化学农业方法,转而采用可持续的自然农耕方式,最终提高了产量并降低了成本的故事。 1.B　根据下文“…pesticides and fertilisers across his 2.4 hectares…”和“The farmers depend too much on pesticides.”可知,农民们太依赖农药了,此处指Ramesh在他的土地上“施用”了农药和肥料。故选B。 collect收集;apply应用,施用; gain获得; rob抢劫。 2.C　根据上文“In this desert-like area, which gets less than 600 millimetres of rainfall most years…”可知,这个地区类似沙漠,大多数年份的降雨量不到600毫米,所以在这样的地方从事农业是一项“挑战”。故选C。 reality现实; principle原则;challenge挑战; disaster灾难。 3.C　根据下文“The chemicals are…in many parts of southern India. The farmers depend too much on pesticides.”可知,印度南部许多地方的农民太依赖化学物质了,此处指Ramesh使用的是化学农业“方法”。故选C。 phenomenon现象;condition条件; method方法; analysis分析。 4.D　根据下文“The farmers depend too much on pesticides.”可知,农民太依赖农药,这说明化学品的使用很“常见”。故选D。 accessible可接近的; specific具体的;missing失踪的;common常见的,普遍的。 5.A　根据上文“…lost a lot of money…”和下文“…but the production is low.”转折可知,此处指化学品价格“昂贵”。故选A。costly昂贵的; useful有用的; essential必要的; harmless无害的。 6.B　根据下文“Ever since I…sustainable agricultural practices like natural farming…”可知,Ramesh开始采用可持续的农耕方式,此处表示他“放弃”了化学品。故选B。pick out挑选;give up放弃; hand in上交;take over接管。 7.D　根据下文“…sustainable agricultural practices like natural farming…”和“…the production has been…and the cost has gone down…”可知, Ramesh“开始采用”新的耕作方式,提高了产量,降低了成本。故选D。 break up分手; leave out遗漏; watch out小心; take up开始从事,拿起。 8.A　根据下文“…the cost has gone down…”和and表并列可知,此处指产量“提高”了,成本下降了。故选A。increase增加,提高; attain达到;tackle处理; control控制。 9.B　根据下文“…all chemical fertilisers and pesticides with organic matter to boost soil nutrient levels.”及自然农业的理念常识可知,用有机物质“替代”所有化学肥料和农药是为了提高土壤养分水平。故选B。understand理解; replace代替; confuse使困惑; reject拒绝。 10.D　根据下文“Then he added eggplants and other crops.”可知,后来他又增加了茄子和其他作物,故此处指的是他“最初”种植的作物。故选D。anxiously焦虑地;eventually最终; rarely很少地; originally最初。 11.B　根据下文the non-profit organisation Accion Fraterna Ecology Centre和“…Ramesh increased his…enough to buy more land, expanding his field.”可知,Ramesh得到了该非营利组织的“帮助”,才得以增加足够多的利润来购买更多的土地,扩大种植面积。故选B。 vision视力;aid帮助; tendency倾向; consumption消费。 12.C　根据上文“Ever since I…sustainable agricultural practices like natural farming…”可知,Ramesh采用的是可持续的农耕方式,所以此处指的是与想要尝试“可持续”农业的农民合作。故选C。urban城市的;domestic国内的; sustainable可持续的; different不同的。 13.C　根据下文“…enough to buy more land, expanding his field.”可知,Ramesh能够购买更多的土地,扩大他的种植面积,这说明他增加了足够多的“利润”。故选C。 fitness健康; limit限制; profit利润; respect尊重。 14.A　根据下文“…to enrich his dead soil while his new trees help keep carbon out of the atmosphere…”可知,Ramesh采用的自然农业的方式成效显著,此处指的是他“成功”改良了贫瘠的土壤。故选A。 manage设法; hesitate犹豫;fail失败; agree同意。 15.D　根据下文“…of natural farming is as much as 34 percent higher than standard forms of agriculture.”可知,此处指自然农业在碳吸收方面的“潜力”。故选D。 loss损失; barrier障碍物;credit信用; potential潜力。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $