精品解析：陕西西安高新第一中学2026-2027学年高三上学期10月月考英语试题

高三英语试题 （考试时间120分钟，满分150） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话播放两遍。 1. What is the woman doing? A. Inquiring about a course. B. Scheduling an appointment. C. Making a class arrangement. 2. What does the man plan to do this Saturday? A. Do voluntary work. B. Take a bike trip. C. Visit kids in hospital. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In a car. B. At home. C. In a supermarket. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Buying a car. B. Taking a ride. C. Consulting a dealer. 5. Why do the speakers decide to share the video link? A. To record the impressive moment. B. To raise awareness about melting ice. C. To call on people to take immediate action. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 6. In which aspect does Max have challenges according to the man? A. Math study. B. Social connection. C. Learning efficiency. 7. What is the man's tone regarding Max's performance? A. Critical. B. Concerned. C. Constructive. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 8. How long does Lisa usually work out a week? A. About 1 hour. B. About 7 hours. C. About 5 hours. 9. What is the relationship between Lisa and Bella? A. Teacher and parent. B. Fellow workers. C. Mother and daughter. 10. What does Lisa suggest at the end of the conversation? A. Diversifying PE classes. B. Reducing school time. C. Adding after-school sports. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 11. What does the woman dislike about her new skirt? A. The color. B. The material. C. The style. 12. What does the woman say about affordable clothes? A. They are made to last for years. B. They result in not being appreciated. C. They are becoming a popular trend. 13. What does the woman focus on when choosing clothes now? A. Fashion trends. B. Price and comfort. C. Quality and sustainability. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 14. Which of the following did the man learn on his grandpa's farm? A. Riding horses. B. Valuing food. C. Planting fields. 15. What does the woman think of farm life? A. It is tiring. B. It is peaceful. C. It is rewarding. 16. What is the man's suggestion? A. Exposing kids to farm life. B. Moving back to a farm. C. Continuing to live in the city. 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题. 17. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Chinese teachers. B. Young cultural learners. C. Overseas Chinese families. 18. What is a special feature of the journey? A. It offers experiential learning. B. It teaches participants Chinese art. C. It advocates protecting historical sites. 19. How can the participants benefit from the journey? A. Strengthen their family bond. B. Understand their cultural identity. C. Improve their academic performance. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To organize a tour. B. To preserve a tradition. C. To promote a program. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选型中，选出最佳选项。 A Visit our lunar neighbour Artemis II, the first crewed Artemis flight, marks a key step toward long-term return to the Moon and future missions to Mars. It lifted off at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 6:35 p.m. April 1, carrying the first astronauts to travel to the Moon in more than half a century.  After launch, the crew stayed one day in high-Earth orbit to inspect spacecraft systems. The flight toward the Moon lasted roughly three days. The craft reached a farther distance from Earth than Apollo missions due to its higher lunar orbit. Lunar gravity swung Orion back home, with short engine burns adjusting its return path. Finally, it landed on the Pacific Ocean just as Apollo spacecraft did.  NASA’S NEWEST SPACECRAFT—ORION Orion is the exploration vehicle that will carry and sustain the crew on Artemis missions to the Moon and return them safely to Earth. Orion will be lifted off on NASA’s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket, and is equipped with advanced systems for deep space travel such as life support, navigation, and emergency abort capabilities. THE FUTURE OF LUNAR EXPLORATION It has long been a vision to establish a base on the lunar surface. Initially, this might be similar in scale, purpose and mode of operation to the International Space Station (ISS). The construction of such a Moon base remains a long-term goal of NASA’s Artemis program — although probably not before the mid-2030s, when current plans envision the creation of a “Foundational Surface Habitat” near the lunar south Pole. In a similar time frame, a group of countries — led by China and including Russia, South Africa, Belarus and others — have announced their intention to cooperate on an International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) of their own.  1. What do you know about Artemis II from the passage? A. It landed on the Atlantic.  B. Lunar gravity adjusted its return path.  C. It flew farther from Earth than Apollo.  D. It was the first crewed flight to the Moon.  2. According to the picture, which part of Orion serves as the emergency escape device during launch? A. 1 spacecraft adapter.    B. 4 crew module adapter.  C. 5 Orion crew module.    D. 6 launch abort system.  3. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. The ISS will relocate to the lunar south pole.  B. Several countries will make joint efforts to build ILRS.  C. The Artemis moon base will be built ahead of schedule.  D. The moon base will differ from the ISS in the beginning.  B They now call it “Batesian mimicry” — the amazing skill for survival I first saw in the whispering green of the Amazon. I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria. My routine was strict: mornings collecting, afternoons reading and preparing my finds. I was usually in bed by nine. My field journals, filled with detailed drawings and notes in dark ink, were my defense against the dampness and insects. I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness. It was a time of extraordinary variety. I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science. But the real wonder was not the count, but a pattern I noticed. It started with a puzzle: why could slow-flying butterflies like the Heliconius escape birds? Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius. These mimics, avoided by their natural enemies, survived to pass on their colours. Here was evolution by natural selection, written plainly on butterfly wings. I published my paper in 1862, three years after Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. That this “mimicry”, discovered in remote jungles, could offer timely field support for his great theory remains my proudest achievement. They say I “wrote the book” on field study. I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father’s Leicester workshop into the heart of nature’s grandest design.  4. Who was Henry Walter Bates? A. A scientist who studied insects.   B. A stocking maker from Leicester.  C. Darwin’s co-theorist on evolution.   D. A writer documenting tropical life.  5. What did Bates consider was essential to his life and work in the Amazon? A. Keeping a strict daily schedule.   B. Staying healthy in the rainforest.  C. Collecting and studying samples.   D. Getting assistance from the locals.  6. What was the pattern Bates discovered? A. Birds avoided eating bitter-tasting insects.  B. Slow-flying butterflies escaped birds’ attack.  C. The bright colours of butterflies signaled danger.  D. Harmless species copied the look of poisonous ones.  7. Which of the following best describes Bates? A. Strict and humble.    B. Brave and passionate.  C. Ambitious and sociable.    D. Independent and proud.  C In an episode of Friends, actor Joey is asked to host a charity show. “A little good deed… plus some TV exposure, now that’s the kind of math Joey likes to do!” he exclaims, while his friend Phoebe calls it “totally selfish”. This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions. This instinct is explored in a recent paper on “do-gooder derogation (贬损)”. Research shows that we often look for someone’s hidden motive, and once found, we may judge them even more harshly than those who act with obvious self-interest. For instance, in a classic experiment called the public goods game, participants who contributed the most money to a shared pool were often criticized just as badly by other players as those who contributed nothing at all. Psychologist Nichola argues that we are all playing a “status game”, suspicious of anyone who might be faking virtue to boost their own standing. Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act. Hafenbrädl, a researcher at the University of Navarra, suggests this judgment stems from a calculation weighing the social rewards someone gets against the cost of their deed. In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet. Interestingly, Hafenbrädl found that people who donated blood or gave to charity for their own sense of self-satisfaction were considered more moral than those seeking to enhance their reputation. Perhaps Joey is right: pure altruism may not exist. But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world. 8. The episode of Friends is mentioned in order to ______. A. provide supporting evidence for a theory B. present a phenomenon for further analysis C. illustrate an abstract psychological concept D. highlight conflicts between different values 9. What does the “tainted altruism effect” refer to? A. Judging generous people positively. B. Valuing ordinary jobs over volunteering. C. Rewarding those who seek social recognition. D. Criticizing charitable acts with hidden motives. 10. What can be learned from Hafenbrädl’s experiment? A. Publicity lowers moral credit. B. People undervalue environmental acts. C. The cost of an act shapes its moral evaluation D. Motives have little influence on people’s judgment. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the “warm glow” of helping others? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Tolerant. D Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain. The reason we often get cases like this wrong is that we interpret the emotional content of many behaviors automatically and unconsciously. This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. The standard view has been that anthropomorphism is primarily an error of overestimating the intelligence of animals. In recent decades, many authors have pushed back against this attitude towards anthropomorphism, arguing animals are a lot like us and that many “anthropomorphic” claims about animals are actually true. Instead of getting caught in a black-and-white debate, however, I want a more complicated, informed discussion of competing ideas. Once we agree that animals do in fact, have emotions, we can acknowledge that the anthropomorphic mistake is not seeing emotion where there is none — it is seeing the wrong emotion. Each of us has a set of perceptual, emotional and cognitive capacities that allow us to engage and understand one another socially. These capacities help guide and structure all sorts of interactions, and we are generally not even aware we are using them. They are generally, but not perfectly, tuned for human interaction. Things can get messy, though, when we use them to interpret animals. Perhaps the best-studied version of this is the primate “grin” (灵长类动物的咧嘴笑). The animal is not happy, it turns out. The exact signaling function varies by species, but it usually signals something more like fear or anxiety, often by a submissive individual in a tense social situation. This is, in fact, anthropomorphism, because you are interpreting an animal’s behavior in the same way we would interpret human behavior. This kind of anthropomorphism is a form of cognitive bias (偏见) resulting from shortcuts taken by our reasoning processes, usually without our awareness. We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating. Slightly different attitudes can be found. For example, even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” While the recognition of “many forms” is progress, it makes the need for evidence-based research only more pressing. By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. 12. What does the word “squashed” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Awakened. B. Dampened. C. Misguided. D. Underestimated. 13. What can we learn about anthropomorphism? A. It turns animals’ negative emotions into positive ones B. It underrates the emotional capacities of animal species. C. It contributes to the shortcuts of our reasoning processes. D. It reflects the projection of human qualities onto animals 14. The author quotes Jesus and Gordon to ________. A. confirm the value of anthropomorphism B. highlight the complexity of anthropomorphism C. warn us of the limitations of anthropomorphism D. remind us to view anthropomorphism positively 15. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Propose a fresh perspective. B. Analyze a worrying tendency. C. Evaluate the credibility of a theory. D. Explore the origin of a phenomenon. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Something annoying about learning: the things that make learning feel productive are usually the things that slow it down. Cramming feels great. You sit down, you grind through the material, and by the end of the session, you feel like you’ve got it. And then two weeks later — gone. ____16____ The fix is one of the most well-supported findings in learning science: spaced repetition. Instead of bunching all your practice together in one session, you spread it out over time. In the 1880s, Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered what is now called the forgetting curve. Without any review, you lose most of what you learn within a day. ____17____ Your brain is doing exactly what it’s supposed to do — filtering. You encounter an enormous amount of information every day, and your brain has to decide what matters and what doesn’t. If you only see something once and never come back to it, your brain reasonably concludes it’s not that important. ____18____ When you encounter the same material again, your brain essentially says, “Oh, this keeps coming back. Must be important.” And it invests more resources in holding onto it. Each time you successfully recall something after a gap, you reset the forgetting curve. So how long should you wait between sessions? The optimal gap is roughly 10-20% of the time you want to remember the material. For instance, you can space your practice 3-5 days apart if you are studying for a test in a month. ____19____ You’re not trying to prevent forgetting; you’re trying to practice retrieving after some forgetting has occurred. As long as you get it right, the exact intervals are less critical. You don’t need to overcomplicate this. Start with something simple and build from there. ____20____ It’s that you’re willing to do the thing that feels harder in the moment because you understand it produces better results in the long run. That’s true for spacing. Honestly, it’s true for most of learning. A. Spacing delivers a fairly different signal. B. That sounds terrible, but this isn’t a design flaw. C. This isn’t a failure of effort but a failure of strategy. D. Despite this, the science of the brain tells a different story. E. The most important thing isn’t the specific strategy you use. F. Forgetting establishes necessary conditions for stronger re-learning. G. But here’s what matters more than any specific schedule: the principle. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My son Kimran started playing soccer at nine. From the moment he volunteered to be the goalkeeper, I could ____21____ his enthusiasm. However, those initial years were challenging. Despite his ____22____, his team didn’t win a single game for quite some time. Comforting his tears after each ____23____, I would remind him that it was okay to lose and to keep ____24____.  At fourteen, when his team finally won a tournament after he ____25____ two crucial goals, he began to see the fruits of ____26____. Then, Kimran continued to take my advice on seizing every opportunity to practise, even with teammates outside of ____27____ time. His passion and dedication knew no ____28____ and were evident in every game.  Perhaps the most ____29____ example of his toughness was a recent match against the district’s top team, well-known for ____30____ opponents. They scored three goals in the first 15 minutes, yet it didn’t break Kimran’s ____31____. He turned the game around. Although his team ultimately lost 6-5, it was a telling proof of how determination can transform a game and a player’s ____32____.  Kimran’s dedication to soccer has inspired me to face ____33____ and always work hard for next goal. As parents, we often think we are the ones sharing our own ____34____ with our children. Yet, it’s they who ____35____ teach us the most profound lessons.  21. A. awaken  B. maintain  C. fuel  D. sense 22. A. talents  B. efforts  C. demands  D. smiles 23. A. conflict  B. analysis  C. phase  D. blow 24. A. observing  B. dreaming  C. practising  D. focusing 25. A. adjusted  B. saved  C. set  D. defined 26. A. power  B. innovation  C. constancy  D. teamwork 27. A. scheduled  B. limited  C. valuable  D. spare 28. A. patterns  B. doubts  C. answers  D. bounds 29. A. convincing  B. revealing  C. shocking  D. satisfying 30. A. seeing through  B. catching up with  C. edging out  D. looking up to 31. A. spirit  B. routine  C. promise  D. record 32. A. patience  B. career  C. image  D. confidence 33. A. accidents  B. disasters  C. consequences  D. challenges 34. A. responsibilities  B. hobbies  C. joy  D. wisdom 35. A. intentionally  B. genuinely  C. patiently  D. directly 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese tradition exists what is known as the “medicinal and edible homology (药食同源)” system, ____36____ingredients commonly used in cooking help regulate our bodily function and provide timely body care.  Walk into the Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, and you will see something different. Along one corridor, freestanding signs read both menus, which show dish ingredients, ____37____ prescriptions at the same time. Names integrate nutrition with suggestion, such as Five-Black Grains Vitality Bread and Orange Peel and Hawthorn Digestive Bread. The bread designed to address modern anxieties softens the harm of sedentary (久坐的) work and digestive ____38____ (comfort). And they sell like hot cakes.  Herbal tea shops also experience the boom with their “life-extending water”. In Beijing’s office areas, herbal tea shops often see their busiest hours in the evening. According to a 2024 Media Research report, China’s wellness tea beverage market reached 41.16 billion yuan in 2023 and ____39____ (project) to exceed 100 billion yuan by 2028. TCM practitioners are careful ____40____ (draw) clear boundaries. Drinks and baked goods containing medicinal ingredients are positioned as food, not therapy. However, ____41____ (effective) is not the point. From a consumption perspective, ____42____ matters less is whether these products deliver measurable results than how they fit into daily life. Caring for the body is woven into everyday choices, such as what to drink on the commute and what to eat for breakfast. In that sense, rather than returning as ____43____ authority, herbal medicine has re-emerged as a lighter, everyday companion to modern life. No longer ____44____ (limit) to prescriptions taken in times of sickness, it now appears in coffee cups, bread baskets and takeaway drinks, taking on a ____45____ (whole) new look. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周五举办“非遗集市”(Intangible Cultural Heritage Market)，你校外教Mr. Smith一直对中国传统文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： (1) 活动目的；(2) 活动具体安排；(3) 邀请参与。 注意：(1) 词数80左右；(2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：paper-cutting; sugar painting; 皮影戏shadow puppetry；刺绣embroidery Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We walked to the harbor to say goodbye. A lonely bell rang in the distance. It usually warned sailors they were close to shore, but today it sounded like a farewell. I bit my lip, swallowing (咽下)the words that stuck in my throat. “Goodbye, home.” When my parents told me we were moving, Dad said we were going “home”. He meant the farm where Grandma lived, and where he grew up. I had heard bedtime stories about his childhood. He used to catch toads (蟾蜍)in the stream. But I’d rather find shells on the beach. He promised I’d love the mountains, but all I could imagine was those peaks standing between me and the ocean. When we arrived at Grandma’s farm, she hugged me and said, “Welcome home!” But to me, this place didn’t feel like home at all. I carried my single box — FAVORITE THINGS FROM HOME — straight to my new room. I opened it carefully and lined up my shells on the table. It was strange to see reflections of shells in the new surroundings. That night, I opened my notebook to the page headed Old Things I Miss and wrote down the salt-kissed air, the soft sand and the sound of waves. Then I turned the page to where I’d started another list: New Things I Love. It was blank. In the following days, a deep loneliness followed me. The air smelled of dry earth and animals, and the chickens’ repeating noises seemed annoying. My grandmother watched my silence, but didn’t break it. She just started leaving small invitations. She left a small bunch of wildflowers on my table. She showed me how to pick tomatoes. She let me taste the sweet berries right from the garden. Little by little, something in me started to soften. One morning, she brought me a warm brown egg. “It will hatch soon.” She said gently. I held the egg and felt the warmth in my hands. As a tiny crack (裂缝)appeared and a wet yellow chick struggled out, my heart cracked open too. I named her Sunny. 注意： （1） 续写词数应为150个左右； （2） 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Sunny’s arrival brought joy to my life on the farm. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One evening a month later, I compared the two lists in my notebook. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高三英语试题 （考试时间120分钟，满分150） 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话播放两遍。 1. What is the woman doing? A. Inquiring about a course. B. Scheduling an appointment. C. Making a class arrangement. 2. What does the man plan to do this Saturday? A. Do voluntary work. B. Take a bike trip. C. Visit kids in hospital. 3. Where are the speakers? A. In a car. B. At home. C. In a supermarket. 4. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Buying a car. B. Taking a ride. C. Consulting a dealer. 5. Why do the speakers decide to share the video link? A. To record the impressive moment. B. To raise awareness about melting ice. C. To call on people to take immediate action. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 6. In which aspect does Max have challenges according to the man? A. Math study. B. Social connection. C. Learning efficiency. 7. What is the man's tone regarding Max's performance? A. Critical. B. Concerned. C. Constructive. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 8. How long does Lisa usually work out a week? A. About 1 hour. B. About 7 hours. C. About 5 hours. 9. What is the relationship between Lisa and Bella? A. Teacher and parent. B. Fellow workers. C. Mother and daughter. 10. What does Lisa suggest at the end of the conversation? A. Diversifying PE classes. B. Reducing school time. C. Adding after-school sports. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 11. What does the woman dislike about her new skirt? A. The color. B. The material. C. The style. 12. What does the woman say about affordable clothes? A. They are made to last for years. B. They result in not being appreciated. C. They are becoming a popular trend. 13. What does the woman focus on when choosing clothes now? A. Fashion trends. B. Price and comfort. C. Quality and sustainability. 听下面一段对话,回答以下小题. 14. Which of the following did the man learn on his grandpa's farm? A. Riding horses. B. Valuing food. C. Planting fields. 15. What does the woman think of farm life? A. It is tiring. B. It is peaceful. C. It is rewarding. 16. What is the man's suggestion? A. Exposing kids to farm life. B. Moving back to a farm. C. Continuing to live in the city. 听下面一段独白,回答以下小题. 17. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Chinese teachers. B. Young cultural learners. C. Overseas Chinese families. 18. What is a special feature of the journey? A. It offers experiential learning. B. It teaches participants Chinese art. C. It advocates protecting historical sites. 19. How can the participants benefit from the journey? A. Strengthen their family bond. B. Understand their cultural identity. C. Improve their academic performance. 20. Why does the speaker give the talk? A. To organize a tour. B. To preserve a tradition. C. To promote a program. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选型中，选出最佳选项。 A Visit our lunar neighbour Artemis II, the first crewed Artemis flight, marks a key step toward long-term return to the Moon and future missions to Mars. It lifted off at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 6:35 p.m. April 1, carrying the first astronauts to travel to the Moon in more than half a century.  After launch, the crew stayed one day in high-Earth orbit to inspect spacecraft systems. The flight toward the Moon lasted roughly three days. The craft reached a farther distance from Earth than Apollo missions due to its higher lunar orbit. Lunar gravity swung Orion back home, with short engine burns adjusting its return path. Finally, it landed on the Pacific Ocean just as Apollo spacecraft did.  NASA’S NEWEST SPACECRAFT—ORION Orion is the exploration vehicle that will carry and sustain the crew on Artemis missions to the Moon and return them safely to Earth. Orion will be lifted off on NASA’s SLS (Space Launch System) rocket, and is equipped with advanced systems for deep space travel such as life support, navigation, and emergency abort capabilities. THE FUTURE OF LUNAR EXPLORATION It has long been a vision to establish a base on the lunar surface. Initially, this might be similar in scale, purpose and mode of operation to the International Space Station (ISS). The construction of such a Moon base remains a long-term goal of NASA’s Artemis program — although probably not before the mid-2030s, when current plans envision the creation of a “Foundational Surface Habitat” near the lunar south Pole. In a similar time frame, a group of countries — led by China and including Russia, South Africa, Belarus and others — have announced their intention to cooperate on an International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) of their own.  1. What do you know about Artemis II from the passage? A. It landed on the Atlantic.  B. Lunar gravity adjusted its return path.  C. It flew farther from Earth than Apollo.  D. It was the first crewed flight to the Moon.  2. According to the picture, which part of Orion serves as the emergency escape device during launch? A. 1 spacecraft adapter.    B. 4 crew module adapter.  C. 5 Orion crew module.    D. 6 launch abort system.  3. What can be learned from the last paragraph? A. The ISS will relocate to the lunar south pole.  B. Several countries will make joint efforts to build ILRS.  C. The Artemis moon base will be built ahead of schedule.  D. The moon base will differ from the ISS in the beginning.  【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍阿尔忒弥斯二号任务、猎户座飞船以及月球探索的未来规划。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The craft reached a farther distance from Earth than Apollo missions due to its higher lunar orbit.(由于其更高的月球轨道，该飞船到达了比阿波罗任务离地球更远的距离。)”可知，阿尔忒弥斯二号比阿波罗飞船离地球飞得更远。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据图片中 6 LAUNCH ABORT SYSTEM 的文字“In the event of a launch failure, this small rocket activates to take the crew capsule to safety.(如果发射失败，这个小型火箭会启动，将乘员舱带到安全地带。)”可知，6 号发射中止系统是发射时的紧急逃生装置。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In a similar time frame, a group of countries — led by China and including Russia, South Africa, Belarus and others — have announced their intention to cooperate on an International Lunar Research Station (ILRS) of their own.(在相近的时间范围内，由中国牵头、包括俄罗斯、南非、白俄罗斯等在内的一批国家，宣布有意合作建造属于他们自己的国际月球科研站。)”可知，多个国家将合力建造国际月球科研站。 B They now call it “Batesian mimicry” — the amazing skill for survival I first saw in the whispering green of the Amazon. I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics. For eleven years, the Amazon was my home, my school, and my proving ground. I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria. My routine was strict: mornings collecting, afternoons reading and preparing my finds. I was usually in bed by nine. My field journals, filled with detailed drawings and notes in dark ink, were my defense against the dampness and insects. I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness. It was a time of extraordinary variety. I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science. But the real wonder was not the count, but a pattern I noticed. It started with a puzzle: why could slow-flying butterflies like the Heliconius escape birds? Later I discovered they were poisonous and bitter-tasting. Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius. These mimics, avoided by their natural enemies, survived to pass on their colours. Here was evolution by natural selection, written plainly on butterfly wings. I published my paper in 1862, three years after Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. That this “mimicry”, discovered in remote jungles, could offer timely field support for his great theory remains my proudest achievement. They say I “wrote the book” on field study. I simply followed my fascination, one find at a time, from my father’s Leicester workshop into the heart of nature’s grandest design.  4. Who was Henry Walter Bates? A. A scientist who studied insects.   B. A stocking maker from Leicester.  C. Darwin’s co-theorist on evolution.   D. A writer documenting tropical life.  5. What did Bates consider was essential to his life and work in the Amazon? A. Keeping a strict daily schedule.   B. Staying healthy in the rainforest.  C. Collecting and studying samples.   D. Getting assistance from the locals.  6. What was the pattern Bates discovered? A. Birds avoided eating bitter-tasting insects.  B. Slow-flying butterflies escaped birds’ attack.  C. The bright colours of butterflies signaled danger.  D. Harmless species copied the look of poisonous ones.  7. Which of the following best describes Bates? A. Strict and humble.    B. Brave and passionate.  C. Ambitious and sociable.    D. Independent and proud.  【答案】4. A 5. D 6. D 7. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Henry Walter Bates在亚马逊雨林十一年的科考经历，介绍了他发现贝氏拟态(Batesian mimicry)的过程以及这项发现对进化论的意义。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“I am Henry Walter Bates. My story began not with butterflies, but as the eldest son of a stocking maker in Leicester. Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects and an important meeting with Alfred Russel Wallace, Darwin’s future co-theorist, sent me toward what he called “the great engine of change” in the tropics.(我是亨利·沃尔特·贝茨。我的故事并非始于蝴蝶，而是作为莱斯特一名长袜制造商的长子开始的。然而，一个男孩对收集昆虫的热情，以及与达尔文未来的共同理论家阿尔弗雷德·拉塞尔·华莱士的重要会面，使我走向了他所说的热带地区的“伟大变革引擎”。)”和第三段“I brought back over 14,000 kinds of insects — 8,000 new to science.”(我带回了超过14000种昆虫——其中8000种是科学界的新发现。)”可知，亨利·沃尔特·贝茨是一位研究昆虫的科学家。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“I learned the local languages and customs, for without the crucial guidance of its people, I would have been completely lost in that vast wilderness.(我学习当地的语言和习俗，因为如果没有当地人至关重要的指引，我会在这片广袤的荒野中彻底迷失方向。)”可知，贝茨认为当地人的帮助对他在亚马逊的生活和研究至关重要。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Then the deeper truth emerged: harmless Dismorphia had evolved to copy the bright warning colours of the Heliconius.(随后更深层的真相浮出水面：无毒的迪斯摩菲蝶不断进化，模仿袖蝶鲜艳的警示色。)”可知，他发现的规律是无害物种模仿有毒物种的外形。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“I faced constant dangers, from disease-carrying mosquitoes and snakes to flooding rains. I was struck down by both yellow fever and malaria.(我不断面临危险，从携带病菌的蚊子、蛇到暴雨洪水。我得过黄热病和疟疾。)”以及第一段“Yet, a boy’s passion for collecting insects(然而，少年时收集昆虫的热爱)”可知，他敢于深入危险雨林，内心又满怀热爱，勇敢且热忱。 C In an episode of Friends, actor Joey is asked to host a charity show. “A little good deed… plus some TV exposure, now that’s the kind of math Joey likes to do!” he exclaims, while his friend Phoebe calls it “totally selfish”. This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions. This instinct is explored in a recent paper on “do-gooder derogation (贬损)”. Research shows that we often look for someone’s hidden motive, and once found, we may judge them even more harshly than those who act with obvious self-interest. For instance, in a classic experiment called the public goods game, participants who contributed the most money to a shared pool were often criticized just as badly by other players as those who contributed nothing at all. Psychologist Nichola argues that we are all playing a “status game”, suspicious of anyone who might be faking virtue to boost their own standing. Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act. Hafenbrädl, a researcher at the University of Navarra, suggests this judgment stems from a calculation weighing the social rewards someone gets against the cost of their deed. In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet. Interestingly, Hafenbrädl found that people who donated blood or gave to charity for their own sense of self-satisfaction were considered more moral than those seeking to enhance their reputation. Perhaps Joey is right: pure altruism may not exist. But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world. 8. The episode of Friends is mentioned in order to ______. A. provide supporting evidence for a theory B. present a phenomenon for further analysis C. illustrate an abstract psychological concept D. highlight conflicts between different values 9. What does the “tainted altruism effect” refer to? A. Judging generous people positively. B. Valuing ordinary jobs over volunteering. C. Rewarding those who seek social recognition. D. Criticizing charitable acts with hidden motives. 10. What can be learned from Hafenbrädl’s experiment? A. Publicity lowers moral credit. B. People undervalue environmental acts. C. The cost of an act shapes its moral evaluation D. Motives have little influence on people’s judgment. 11. What is the author’s attitude towards the “warm glow” of helping others? A. Critical. B. Skeptical. C. Indifferent. D. Tolerant. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章借助《老友记》引入“贬损行善者”心理现象，介绍受私利驱动的利他行为易遭批判的相关研究，作者对助人带来的自我满足感持包容态度。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“This scene captures a common human tendency: our suspicion of do-gooders, especially when they might benefit from their actions.(这一场景揭示了人类的一种普遍倾向：我们对行善者心存怀疑，尤其是当他们可能从自身行为中获益时)”可知，《老友记》这一集被提及，是为了展示一个现象以便进一步分析。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Studies confirm this, revealing a phenomenon known as the “tainted altruism (利他主义) effect”. Imagine your friend Andy volunteers at a homeless shelter. You later discover he is only doing so to get a date with the manager. Studies suggest we view Andy more negatively than someone who took a job at a coffee shop for the same romantic motive. We are more judgemental of the person hiding self-interest behind a charitable act.(研究证实了这一点，揭示出一种被称为“被污染的利他主义效应”的现象。想象一下，你的朋友安迪在一家无家可归者收容所做志愿者。后来你发现，他这么做只是为了和经理约会。研究表明，我们对安迪的看法比那些出于相同浪漫动机而去咖啡店打工的人更加负面。我们更容易对那些以慈善行为掩饰自身私利的人做出评判)”可知，“受污染的利他效应”指的是批评带有隐藏动机的慈善行为。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“In one experiment, a resort owner who spent $100,000 cleaning local beaches was considered less moral when he used the act to advertise his business than when he kept it quiet.(在一项实验中，一位度假村老板花费10万美元清理当地海滩，当他用这一行为来宣传自己的生意时，被认为比保持沉默时更缺乏道德)”可知，宣传会降低道德信誉。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“But personally, I am happy to forgive the “warm glow” that comes from helping others, if it means there is a little more kindness in the world.(但就我个人而言，如果这意味着能让世界多一点善意，我愿意原谅帮助他人所带来的“温暖光芒”)”可知，作者对帮助他人这种“温暖光芒”持宽容态度。 D Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain. The reason we often get cases like this wrong is that we interpret the emotional content of many behaviors automatically and unconsciously. This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. The standard view has been that anthropomorphism is primarily an error of overestimating the intelligence of animals. In recent decades, many authors have pushed back against this attitude towards anthropomorphism, arguing animals are a lot like us and that many “anthropomorphic” claims about animals are actually true. Instead of getting caught in a black-and-white debate, however, I want a more complicated, informed discussion of competing ideas. Once we agree that animals do in fact, have emotions, we can acknowledge that the anthropomorphic mistake is not seeing emotion where there is none — it is seeing the wrong emotion. Each of us has a set of perceptual, emotional and cognitive capacities that allow us to engage and understand one another socially. These capacities help guide and structure all sorts of interactions, and we are generally not even aware we are using them. They are generally, but not perfectly, tuned for human interaction. Things can get messy, though, when we use them to interpret animals. Perhaps the best-studied version of this is the primate “grin” (灵长类动物的咧嘴笑). The animal is not happy, it turns out. The exact signaling function varies by species, but it usually signals something more like fear or anxiety, often by a submissive individual in a tense social situation. This is, in fact, anthropomorphism, because you are interpreting an animal’s behavior in the same way we would interpret human behavior. This kind of anthropomorphism is a form of cognitive bias (偏见) resulting from shortcuts taken by our reasoning processes, usually without our awareness. We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating. Slightly different attitudes can be found. For example, even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” While the recognition of “many forms” is progress, it makes the need for evidence-based research only more pressing. By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. 12. What does the word “squashed” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean? A. Awakened. B. Dampened. C. Misguided. D. Underestimated. 13. What can we learn about anthropomorphism? A. It turns animals’ negative emotions into positive ones B. It underrates the emotional capacities of animal species. C. It contributes to the shortcuts of our reasoning processes. D. It reflects the projection of human qualities onto animals 14. The author quotes Jesus and Gordon to ________. A. confirm the value of anthropomorphism B. highlight the complexity of anthropomorphism C. warn us of the limitations of anthropomorphism D. remind us to view anthropomorphism positively 15. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage? A. Propose a fresh perspective. B. Analyze a worrying tendency. C. Evaluate the credibility of a theory. D. Explore the origin of a phenomenon. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. B 15. A 【解析】 【导语】文章主要探讨了人类对动物行为的拟人化解释现象，指出这往往源于认知偏差，并呼吁从偏见角度深入研究这一复杂问题。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain.(如今，各类动物的图片和视频时常在网上疯传，因为人们会被这些动物流露出的喜悦、友谊和嬉戏感所打动。不幸的是，这些帖子的最初热情常常被一些人_____，他们有理有据地指出，动物的反应不是喜悦或快乐，而是恐惧、愤怒或痛苦)”可知，动物的反应是恐惧、愤怒或痛苦，而不是人们所以为的喜悦或快乐，因此人们对这些帖子的热情会减弱，故划线词squashed意为“减弱，受到抑制”，与“Dampened”意思相近。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. (这是一种拟人化：像解读另一个人一样解读动物)”可知，拟人化用解读人的方式来解读动物，反映了将人类特质投射到动物身上的现象。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“For example,even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” (例如，动物学家Jesus Rivas和Gordon Burghardt虽然主张对动物采取拟人化的看法，但他们特别指出，这可能会很棘手：“拟人化有多种形式，可能会让你措手不及！”)”可知，作者引用Jesus和Gordon的话是为了说明拟人化并非简单的问题，它形式多样，容易让人在不经意间犯错，从而强调了拟人化这一现象的复杂性。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating...By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem. (我们应该从偏见的角度来探讨拟人化这一话题。传统上，关于人们如何以及何时进行拟人化的假设太过固定，以至于其背后的心理机制似乎不值得研究。……通过关注隐性拟人化，我们将注意力从争论具体的“类人”特征转移到审视使拟人化如此难以捉摸的更深层次的心理机制上。我相信，这是这个问题最具挑战性也最有意义的维度)”可知，作者分析了拟人化的现象、问题及成因，并指出传统研究的不足，进而提出从“偏见”和“心理机制”角度研究拟人化的新方向。因此，作者通过写这篇文章旨在提出一个新的研究视角。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Something annoying about learning: the things that make learning feel productive are usually the things that slow it down. Cramming feels great. You sit down, you grind through the material, and by the end of the session, you feel like you’ve got it. And then two weeks later — gone. ____16____ The fix is one of the most well-supported findings in learning science: spaced repetition. Instead of bunching all your practice together in one session, you spread it out over time. In the 1880s, Hermann Ebbinghaus discovered what is now called the forgetting curve. Without any review, you lose most of what you learn within a day. ____17____ Your brain is doing exactly what it’s supposed to do — filtering. You encounter an enormous amount of information every day, and your brain has to decide what matters and what doesn’t. If you only see something once and never come back to it, your brain reasonably concludes it’s not that important. ____18____ When you encounter the same material again, your brain essentially says, “Oh, this keeps coming back. Must be important.” And it invests more resources in holding onto it. Each time you successfully recall something after a gap, you reset the forgetting curve. So how long should you wait between sessions? The optimal gap is roughly 10-20% of the time you want to remember the material. For instance, you can space your practice 3-5 days apart if you are studying for a test in a month. ____19____ You’re not trying to prevent forgetting; you’re trying to practice retrieving after some forgetting has occurred. As long as you get it right, the exact intervals are less critical. You don’t need to overcomplicate this. Start with something simple and build from there. ____20____ It’s that you’re willing to do the thing that feels harder in the moment because you understand it produces better results in the long run. That’s true for spacing. Honestly, it’s true for most of learning. A. Spacing delivers a fairly different signal. B. That sounds terrible, but this isn’t a design flaw. C. This isn’t a failure of effort but a failure of strategy. D. Despite this, the science of the brain tells a different story. E. The most important thing isn’t the specific strategy you use. F. Forgetting establishes necessary conditions for stronger re-learning. G. But here’s what matters more than any specific schedule: the principle. 【答案】16. C 17. B 18. A 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】文章指出死记硬背效率低下，介绍间隔重复学习法，解释大脑遗忘筛选机制，说明合理间隔复习能强化记忆，强调学习重在遵循原理而非纠结固定时间表。 【16题详解】 根据上文“Something annoying about learning: the things that make learning feel productive are usually the things that slow it down. Cramming feels great. You sit down, you grind through the material, and by the end of the session, you feel like you’ve got it. And then two weeks later — gone.(学习过程中存在一个令人烦恼的现象：那些让人觉得学习有成效的事情往往恰恰会拖慢学习进度。临时抱佛脚的感觉很棒。你坐下来，埋头苦学相关内容，到学习结束时，你会觉得自己掌握了这些知识。然而，两周之后——全都没了)”可知，第一段提到突击学习短期感觉有效，但两周后知识全部遗忘，后文引出间隔重复的正确学习策略，C选项“这不是努力的失败，而是策略的失败”承接上文问题，引出下文解决方案。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Your brain is doing exactly what it’s supposed to do — filtering. You encounter an enormous amount of information every day, and your brain has to decide what matters and what doesn’t. If you only see something once and never come back to it, your brain reasonably concludes it’s not that important.(你的大脑正在正常地发挥其功能——进行筛选。每天你都会接触到大量的信息，而你的大脑必须决定哪些信息重要，哪些不重要。如果你只看到某件事一次，然后就不再去关注它，那么你的大脑会合理地得出结论：这件事其实并不那么重要)”以及前文提到不复习一天内就会遗忘大部分知识可知，遗忘是大脑正常的过滤功能，B选项“这听起来很糟糕，但这不是设计缺陷”承接上文遗忘现象，引出下文对遗忘合理性的解释。 【18题详解】 根据上文“Your brain is doing exactly what it’s supposed to do — filtering. You encounter an enormous amount of information every day, and your brain has to decide what matters and what doesn’t. If you only see something once and never come back to it, your brain reasonably concludes it’s not that important.(你的大脑正在正常地发挥其功能——进行筛选。每天你都会接触到大量的信息，而你的大脑必须决定哪些信息重要，哪些不重要。如果你只看到某件事一次，然后就不再去关注它，那么你的大脑会合理地得出结论：这件事其实并不那么重要)”以及后文“When you encounter the same material again, your brain essentially says, “Oh, this keeps coming back. Must be important.” And it invests more resources in holding onto it. Each time you successfully recall something after a gap, you reset the forgetting curve.(当你再次接触到同样的内容时，你的大脑会这样想：“哦，这个总是反复出现。肯定很重要。”于是它会投入更多资源来记住它。每次在间隔一段时间后成功回忆起某件事，你都会重新调整遗忘曲线)”可知，前文提到只接触一次的内容，大脑会判定为不重要；后文提到再次接触同一内容，大脑会判定为重要，A选项“间隔复习传递了相当不同的信号”衔接前后两种不同的大脑判断，符合逻辑。 【19题详解】 根据上文“So how long should you wait between sessions? The optimal gap is roughly 10-20% of the time you want to remember the material. For instance, you can space your practice 3-5 days apart if you are studying for a test in a month.(那么，每次学习之间应该间隔多久呢？最佳间隔时间大约是您想要记住所学内容所需时间的10%至20%。例如，如果您要在一个月后参加考试，可以将练习安排在3至5天之后进行)”以及后文“You’re not trying to prevent forgetting; you’re trying to practice retrieving after some forgetting has occurred. As long as you get it right, the exact intervals are less critical.(你并非是为了防止遗忘而努力；而是为了在遗忘发生之后能够重新获取记忆。只要方法得当，具体的间隔时间就不太重要了)”可知，前文介绍了间隔复习的最优时间安排，后文指出具体间隔远没有原则重要，G选项“但比任何具体日程更重要的是核心原则”转折引出下文对原则的解释，符合逻辑。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You don’t need to overcomplicate this. Start with something simple and build from there.(你无需把这件事搞得过于复杂。先从简单的事情做起，然后逐步推进)”可知，前文指出间隔重复不需要复杂化，后文用“It’s that...”点明核心是什么，E选项“最重要的不是你用的具体策略”对应后文的转折，构成“不是……而是……”的逻辑，符合语义。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 My son Kimran started playing soccer at nine. From the moment he volunteered to be the goalkeeper, I could ____21____ his enthusiasm. However, those initial years were challenging. Despite his ____22____, his team didn’t win a single game for quite some time. Comforting his tears after each ____23____, I would remind him that it was okay to lose and to keep ____24____.  At fourteen, when his team finally won a tournament after he ____25____ two crucial goals, he began to see the fruits of ____26____. Then, Kimran continued to take my advice on seizing every opportunity to practise, even with teammates outside of ____27____ time. His passion and dedication knew no ____28____ and were evident in every game.  Perhaps the most ____29____ example of his toughness was a recent match against the district’s top team, well-known for ____30____ opponents. They scored three goals in the first 15 minutes, yet it didn’t break Kimran’s ____31____. He turned the game around. Although his team ultimately lost 6-5, it was a telling proof of how determination can transform a game and a player’s ____32____.  Kimran’s dedication to soccer has inspired me to face ____33____ and always work hard for next goal. As parents, we often think we are the ones sharing our own ____34____ with our children. Yet, it’s they who ____35____ teach us the most profound lessons.  21. A. awaken  B. maintain  C. fuel  D. sense 22. A. talents  B. efforts  C. demands  D. smiles 23. A. conflict  B. analysis  C. phase  D. blow 24. A. observing  B. dreaming  C. practising  D. focusing 25. A. adjusted  B. saved  C. set  D. defined 26. A. power  B. innovation  C. constancy  D. teamwork 27. A. scheduled  B. limited  C. valuable  D. spare 28. A. patterns  B. doubts  C. answers  D. bounds 29. A. convincing  B. revealing  C. shocking  D. satisfying 30. A. seeing through  B. catching up with  C. edging out  D. looking up to 31. A. spirit  B. routine  C. promise  D. record 32. A. patience  B. career  C. image  D. confidence 33. A. accidents  B. disasters  C. consequences  D. challenges 34. A. responsibilities  B. hobbies  C. joy  D. wisdom 35. A. intentionally  B. genuinely  C. patiently  D. directly 【答案】21. D 22. B 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. D 33. D 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述作者儿子Kimran从九岁起坚持踢足球（担任守门员），历经屡战屡败仍不懈坚持，最终在比赛中展现出坚韧斗志，其精神反过来激励了身为父母的作者。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：从他自愿当守门员的那一刻起，我就能感受到他的热情。A. awaken唤醒；B. maintain维持；C. fuel刺激、加燃料；D. sense感觉到、察觉。根据前文“From the moment he volunteered to be the goalkeeper”可知，儿子主动申请当门将的举动让作者察觉到了儿子的热情。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管他付出了努力，球队在相当长一段时间里一场比赛都没赢。A. talents天赋；B. efforts努力；C. demands要求；D. smiles微笑。根据后文“his team didn’t win a single game”可知，尽管付出努力仍未获胜。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：每次失利后我都要安抚他的眼泪，我会提醒他输球没关系，要继续坚持练习。A. conflict冲突；B. analysis分析；C. phase阶段；D. blow打击、挫折。根据前文“his team didn’t win a single game for quite some time”可知，球队长期输球，每一次落败都是对孩子的一次打击。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：同上。A. observing观察；B. dreaming梦想；C. practising练习；D. focusing集中。根据第二段的“seizing every opportunity to practise”可知，作者鼓励孩子不要放弃，持续练习提升球技。 【25题详解】 考查动词。句意：14岁时，在他扑出两个关键球后，他的球队终于赢得了一场锦标赛，他开始看到坚持不懈的果实。A. adjusted调整；B. saved（守门员）扑救；C. set设定；D. defined定义。根据第一段的“he volunteered to be the goalkeeper”可知，Kimran的身份是守门员，门将在场上的核心动作就是扑出对方的射门，save用来指代门将成功扑救关键球。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。A. power力量；B. innovation创新；C. constancy恒心、坚持不懈；D. teamwork团队合作。根据前文“At fourteen, when his team finally won a tournament”可知，Kimran常年输球却一直坚持练习，如今终于迎来胜利，这正是长期持之以恒的回报。 【27题详解】 考查形容词。句意：之后，Kimran继续听从我的建议，抓住每一个练习机会，甚至在球队安排的训练时间之外也和队友一起加练。A. scheduled预定的、排定的；B. limited有限的；C. valuable有价值的；D. spare空闲的。根据前文“seizing every opportunity to practise”以及even可知，他主动加练的部分，是超出球队原本排定的正式训练时间之外的内容，scheduled用来修饰球队既定的训练时段。 【28题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的热情和投入没有边界，在每一场比赛里都表现得淋漓尽致。A. patterns模式；B. doubts怀疑；C. answers答案；D. bounds界限。根据第一段的“From the moment he volunteered to be the goalkeeper, I could ________ his enthusiasm.”以及后文Kimran坚持练习足球可知，Kimran对足球的热情和投入是没有边界的。固定搭配know no bounds意为“无限度、无止境”。 【29题详解】 考查形容词。句意：也许最能令人信服地体现他坚韧的例子是最近一场对阵地区顶尖队的比赛，这支强队素来以淘汰碾压对手而闻名。A. convincing有说服力的、令人信服的；B. revealing揭示性的；C. shocking令人震惊的；D. satisfying令人满意的。根据后文“He turned the game around. Although his team ultimately lost 6-5, it was a telling proof of how determination can transform a game and a player’s ________ .”可知，球队开场15分钟就连丢3球却没有崩盘，最终把比分咬到5比6惜败，这个案例是证明他韧性的最有力的证明。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：同上。A. seeing through看穿；B. catching up with追上；C. edging out挤掉、险胜、击败；D. looking up to尊敬。根据前文“the district’s top team”可知，强队以战胜对手著称，edge out opponents“击败对手”。 【31题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们开场15分钟就打进3球，但这完全没有击溃Kimran的斗志。A. spirit精神、斗志；B. routine常规；C. promise承诺；D. record记录。根据下文“He turned the game around. Although his team ultimately lost 6-5”可知，面对大比分落后的局面，他没有放弃，球队最终顽强追分，说明开场的劣势完全没有打垮他的竞技精神。break one’s spirit意为“摧毁某人的意志”。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管他的球队最终以5比6惜败，但这场比赛有力证明了意志力如何扭转赛场局势，重塑一名球员的自信心。A. patience耐心；B. career生涯；C. image形象；D. confidence信心。根据前文“He turned the game around.”可知，虽最终 6-5 落败，但扭转局势增强了球员的信心。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意：Kimran对足球的全身心投入，反过来也激励着我直面挑战，永远为下一个目标全力拼搏。A. accidents意外；B. disasters灾难；C. consequences后果；D. challenges挑战。根据前文语境以及后文“always work hard for next goal.”可知，孩子在足球场上面对强敌不退缩的韧性，让身为父亲的作者也学会了勇敢面对生活里的各类挑战。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：作为父母，我们常常以为，是我们在把自己的人生智慧分享给孩子。A. responsibilities责任；B. hobbies爱好；C. joy快乐；D. wisdom智慧。根据前文“As parents”以及常识可知，父母常认为自己传授智慧给孩子。 【35题详解】 考查副词。句意：但恰恰是孩子，才真正教会了我们最深刻的人生一课。A. intentionally故意地；B. genuinely真正地、由衷地；C. patiently耐心地；D. directly直接地。根据前文“Kimran’s dedication to soccer has inspired me to face ________ and always work hard for next goal.”可知，原本以为是父母向孩子输出经验，转折后点明其实孩子才是真正给父母带来最深刻启发的人，genuinely强化了这份感悟的真切感。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In Chinese tradition exists what is known as the “medicinal and edible homology (药食同源)” system, ____36____ingredients commonly used in cooking help regulate our bodily function and provide timely body care.  Walk into the Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, and you will see something different. Along one corridor, freestanding signs read both menus, which show dish ingredients, ____37____ prescriptions at the same time. Names integrate nutrition with suggestion, such as Five-Black Grains Vitality Bread and Orange Peel and Hawthorn Digestive Bread. The bread designed to address modern anxieties softens the harm of sedentary (久坐的) work and digestive ____38____ (comfort). And they sell like hot cakes.  Herbal tea shops also experience the boom with their “life-extending water”. In Beijing’s office areas, herbal tea shops often see their busiest hours in the evening. According to a 2024 Media Research report, China’s wellness tea beverage market reached 41.16 billion yuan in 2023 and ____39____ (project) to exceed 100 billion yuan by 2028. TCM practitioners are careful ____40____ (draw) clear boundaries. Drinks and baked goods containing medicinal ingredients are positioned as food, not therapy. However, ____41____ (effective) is not the point. From a consumption perspective, ____42____ matters less is whether these products deliver measurable results than how they fit into daily life. Caring for the body is woven into everyday choices, such as what to drink on the commute and what to eat for breakfast. In that sense, rather than returning as ____43____ authority, herbal medicine has re-emerged as a lighter, everyday companion to modern life. No longer ____44____ (limit) to prescriptions taken in times of sickness, it now appears in coffee cups, bread baskets and takeaway drinks, taking on a ____45____ (whole) new look. 【答案】36. where 37. and 38. discomfort 39. is projected 40. to draw 41. effectiveness 42. what 43. an 44. limited 45. wholly 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述中医药“药食同源”理念在现代以药膳面包、养生茶等形式融入日常消费生活。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国传统中存在所谓的“药食同源”体系，在该体系中烹饪中常用的食材有助于调节身体机能并提供及时的身体护理。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the “medicinal and edible homology” system，且关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导该从句。 【37题详解】 考查连词。句意：沿着一条走廊，独立立着的标识同时标注着展示菜品食材的菜单和处方。both...and... 为固定搭配，意为“既……又……，两者都”。 【38题详解】 考查名词。句意：这种旨在缓解现代焦虑的面包减轻了久坐工作的危害和消化不适。digestive“消化的”，为形容词，后接名词；此处表达消化方面的不适，需要将名词comfort转换为对应的否定名词形式discomfort“不舒服”。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：据2024年媒体研究报告，中国养生茶饮市场2023年达411.6亿元，预计到2028年将超千亿元。主语market与project（预测）是被动关系，且陈述当前报告中的预测，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用is。be projected to do“被预计将做……”。 【40题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：中医从业者谨慎地划清界限。be careful to do sth. 为固定用法，意为“谨慎做某事/小心做某事”。 【41题详解】 考查名词。句意：然而，有效性并不是重点。空处作主语，需名词，effective的名词为effectiveness“有效性”。 【42题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：从消费角度看，相比这些产品能否产生确切功效，它们如何融入日常生活反倒更重要。空处引导主语从句，从句缺主语，表示“……的事情”，用what引导该从句，what matters less 意为“不那么重要的事情”。 【43题详解】 考查冠词。句意：从这个意义上说，草药并非作为一种权威回归，而是作为一种更轻盈、日常的伴侣重新出现。authority此处意为“权威（事物/机构）”，为可数名词单数，此处表示“一类权威身份”，发音以元音开头，用不定冠词an表示泛指。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：不再局限于生病时才服用的药方，它如今出现在咖啡杯、面包篮和外卖饮品中，呈现出全新的面貌。空处为非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语 it（herbal medicine）与limit是被动关系，用过去分词作状语。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：同上。修饰形容词new，用副词wholly“完全地，整体地”作状语。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校将于下周五举办“非遗集市”(Intangible Cultural Heritage Market)，你校外教Mr. Smith一直对中国传统文化很感兴趣。请你给他写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： (1) 活动目的；(2) 活动具体安排；(3) 邀请参与。 注意：(1) 词数80左右；(2) 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考词汇：paper-cutting; sugar painting; 皮影戏shadow puppetry；刺绣embroidery Dear Mr. Smith, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr. Smith, To foster our cultural identity, an innovative activity called Intangible Cultural Heritage Market will be launched next Friday. Upon arrival, you’ll be greeted by an array of stalls, where seasoned craftsmen will showcase and sell their exquisite handicrafts, such as paper-cutting and sugar painting. From intricately carved woodwork to delicate embroidery, each piece tells a unique story of China’s cultural heritage. The art of shadow puppetry will also take center stage, with skilled puppeteers creating a magical play of light and shadow. So, mark your calendar and get ready to embark on a cultural journey like no other. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生写邮件邀请外教Mr. Smith参加学校下周五举办的 “非遗集市”。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 培养：foster → cultivate 大量的：an array of → a variety of 精美的：exquisite → delicate 独特的：unique → distinctive 2. 句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：From intricately carved woodwork to delicate embroidery, each piece tells a unique story of China’s cultural heritage. 拓展句：From intricately carved woodwork to delicate embroidery, each piece is a carrier that tells what is unique about China’s cultural heritage. 【点睛】【高分句型 1】To foster our cultural identity, an innovative activity called Intangible Cultural Heritage Market will be launched next Friday. (运用不定式作目的状语) 【高分句型 2】Upon arrival, you’ll be greeted by an array of stalls, where seasoned craftsmen will showcase and sell their exquisite handicrafts, such as paper-cutting and sugar painting. (运用where引导的非限制性定语从句) 第二节 读后续写（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 We walked to the harbor to say goodbye. A lonely bell rang in the distance. It usually warned sailors they were close to shore, but today it sounded like a farewell. I bit my lip, swallowing (咽下)the words that stuck in my throat. “Goodbye, home.” When my parents told me we were moving, Dad said we were going “home”. He meant the farm where Grandma lived, and where he grew up. I had heard bedtime stories about his childhood. He used to catch toads (蟾蜍)in the stream. But I’d rather find shells on the beach. He promised I’d love the mountains, but all I could imagine was those peaks standing between me and the ocean. When we arrived at Grandma’s farm, she hugged me and said, “Welcome home!” But to me, this place didn’t feel like home at all. I carried my single box — FAVORITE THINGS FROM HOME — straight to my new room. I opened it carefully and lined up my shells on the table. It was strange to see reflections of shells in the new surroundings. That night, I opened my notebook to the page headed Old Things I Miss and wrote down the salt-kissed air, the soft sand and the sound of waves. Then I turned the page to where I’d started another list: New Things I Love. It was blank. In the following days, a deep loneliness followed me. The air smelled of dry earth and animals, and the chickens’ repeating noises seemed annoying. My grandmother watched my silence, but didn’t break it. She just started leaving small invitations. She left a small bunch of wildflowers on my table. She showed me how to pick tomatoes. She let me taste the sweet berries right from the garden. Little by little, something in me started to soften. One morning, she brought me a warm brown egg. “It will hatch soon.” She said gently. I held the egg and felt the warmth in my hands. As a tiny crack (裂缝)appeared and a wet yellow chick struggled out, my heart cracked open too. I named her Sunny. 注意： （1） 续写词数应为150个左右； （2） 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 Sunny’s arrival brought joy to my life on the farm. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ One evening a month later, I compared the two lists in my notebook. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例文① Sunny’s presence brought joy to my life on the farm. Each morning, her chirps woke me up. I’d scatter grain for her, watching her dart around with energy. Inspired by her liveliness, I ventured out to explore the singing stream and mountains. Without realizing it, I started seeing this new world through different eyes. I shared my discoveries with Grandma, finally letting down my guard. The dry earth began to smell welcoming, and the farm felt less like a prison and more like a place I belonged. One evening a month later, I compared the two lists in my notebook. To my surprise, the “New Things” page, once blank, was now crowded. I read the items: the sweet berries, the baby tomato plants, and Grandma’s warm smile. In contrast, the “Things I Miss” list remained short — a cherished memory. I realized my heart wasn’t a container with limited space. It could hold the memory of the ocean while making room for this new home. 例文② Sunny’s arrival brought joy to my life on the farm. I started my day with her soft chirping-a sound that gradually replaced the sea’s echo in my mind. Under Grandma’s guidance, taking care of Sunny became my daily routine. We wandered through the vegetable garden and chased butterflies by the creek. I stopped gazing longingly toward where the ocean might be and began to accept the beauty of the hills around me. The ice in my heart melted as I learned to embrace the life here. One evening a month later, I compared the two lists in my notebook. The “Old Things” page now felt like a preserved treasure box-cherished but closed. However, the “New Things” list was alive and full. I looked at the treasures I had collected: the golden sunlight, the lively farm, and Grandma’s steady love. Writing them down made them real. My past was a seashell I would always treasure, but my present had become a seed, rooting me in this new home. 【解析】 【导语】本文以“搬家适应新环境”为线索展开，讲述了“我”随父母搬到奶奶的农场，因思念海边旧家而倍感孤独，在奶奶的温柔陪伴和小鸡Sunny的到来后，逐渐敞开心扉，接纳农场新生活的故事。（参考例文一） 【详解】1. 段落续写： ① 由第一段首句“Sunny的到来，为我在农场的生活带来了欢乐”可知，接下来可描写Sunny给“我”的农场生活带来的具体欢乐，以及对农场环境看法的转变。 ② 由第二段首句“一个月后的一个傍晚，我翻开笔记本，对比着上面的两份清单。”可知，接下来可描写“我”对比笔记本上“思念的旧事物”和“喜爱的新事物”两份清单的场景，展现“我”对新环境的接纳。 2. 续写线索： 照料Sunny收获欢乐——主动探索农场新事物——与奶奶分享发现、放下戒备——对比笔记本两份清单——发现“新事物”清单填满、接纳新家园——领悟新旧回忆可共存的道理 3.词类激活 行为类 ①撒：scatter/spread ②探索：explore/probe ③意识到：realize/recognize 情绪类 ①放下戒备：let down my guard/lower my defenses ②热情的：welcoming/friendly 【点睛】【高分句型1】Inspired by her liveliness, I ventured out to explore the singing stream and mountains.（运用了过去分词inspired作状语） 【高分句型2】I realized my heart wasn’t a container with limited space. （运用了省略连接词that的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $