期中·完形填空·重点短语汇总与专项训练（Unit1-4） 2026-2027学年沪教版英语八年级上册

2026-11-03

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八年级英语（沪教版）上学期期中

完形填空·重点短语汇总与专项训练

（Unit1-4）

重点短语

教研说明：完形填空属于语篇考查题型，考查重点是连贯叙事中的动词短语搭配、空间与时间介词结构、逻辑推断及句法固定句型。

一、Unit 1 Look it up! （查阅与百科探究）

短语	释义与用法	出处	完形填空设空点拨与易错提醒
die out	灭绝	U1	不及物动词短语，无被动语态，常用于描述史前动物恐龙等灭绝。
a type of	一种	U1	type 前用不定冠词 a，后接名词单数或不可数名词。
be related to	与……属于同一种类；与……有关	U1	to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。
general education	通识教育	U1	固定名词短语，指百科全书涵盖的广泛基础知识。
go back a long way	历史悠久	U1	主语通常为某种传统、历史或习惯，表渊源深远。
be similar to	与……相似	U1	to 为介词，后接比较对象；与 be the same as 区分。
alphabetical order	字母顺序	U1	按字母顺序排序，如 in alphabetical order，常考介词 in。
play an important role	起到重要作用	U1	role 前用 an，常与 in 连用表示在某方面发挥重要角色。

二、Unit 2 Amazing numbers （数字与计算）

短语	释义与用法	出处	完形填空设空点拨与易错提醒
flight schedule	航班时刻表	U2	复合名词短语，schedule 意为日程安排、时刻表。
price tag	价格标签	U2	tag 指标签，price tag 指商品标价牌。
for a moment	片刻；一会儿	U2	时间状语，表示短暂的停留或思考，与 for a while 同义。
without hesitation	毫不犹豫	U2	hesitation 为不可数名词，介词 without 表伴随否定。
go up	上升；上涨	U2	不及物动词短语，表示价格、数量、温度等上升，无被动语态。
go down	下降；下跌	U2	与 go up 构成反义词对，常用于描述数据趋势。
write down	写下；记下	U2	动副短语，宾语为代词时须置于中间，如 write it down。
instead of	代替；作为……的替换	U2	of 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词，表否定取舍。

三、Unit 3 Our digital lives （数字科技与网络生活）

短语	释义与用法	出处	完形填空设空点拨与易错提醒
connect to	连接	U3	to 为介词，后接网络、设备，如 connect to the Internet。
bring big changes to	给……带来重大变化	U3	to 为介词，后接受影响的对象。

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mobile payment	移动支付	U3	payment 为不可数名词，动词为 pay。
take ... for example	以……为例	U3	常用于段首或句首列举论据，example 前用 for。
rubbish bin	垃圾箱	U3	英国及教材规范用语，与 smart rubbish bin 等科技情境结合。
social media	社交媒体	U3	media 为复数形式，泛指社交平台与网络渠道。
in person	亲自；亲身	U3	介词短语作状语，与 online（线上）形成对比。
the general public	公众；民众	U3	集合名词，前用定冠词 the，指广大社会公众。

四、Unit 4 Inventions （发明史与科技创造）

短语	释义与用法	出处	完形填空设空点拨与易错提醒
take place	发生；进行	U4	不及物动词短语，无被动语态，强调有计划的发生。
for instance	例如；比如	U4	作插入语，与 for example 同义，用于列举具体发明。
large amounts of	大量	U4	amounts 用复数，后接不可数名词，修饰商品、贸易等。
international trade	国际贸易	U4	trade 为不可数名词，指轮子等发明推动的全球贸易。
depend on	依靠；依赖	U4	on 为介词，后接名词或代词，表示依赖某项发明或技术。
3D printer	3D 打印机	U4	printer 前用基数词 3D 修饰，现代科技发明的典型代表。
without doubt	毫无疑问	U4	作插入语或状语，doubt 为不可数名词，意为确凿无疑。
of all time	自古以来；有史以来	U4	常与形容词最高级连用，如 one of the greatest inventions of all time。
make fun of	取笑；拿……开玩笑	U4	动副介短语，后接人或观点，表嘲笑新事物。
traffic jam	堵车；交通阻塞	U4	可数名词短语，指现代车辆普及带来的交通问题。
a number of	许多；若干	U4	后接可数名词复数，谓语动词用复数，与 the number of 区分。
on foot	步行	U4	轮子发明前的出行方式，与 with the wheel 形成对比。
crewed spacecraft	载人航天器	U4	crewed 为形容词，修饰现代航天飞行器。
steam locomotive	蒸汽机车	U4	工业革命时期的重大交通发明。

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专项训练

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Passage 1

Last week our teacher gave us a task.

We needed to find out ___1___ about dinosaurs.

I went to the school library with my friend Ben. "Where can I find the information?" I asked Ms Wang in the library. "You can ___2___ it in this encyclopedia," she said. "There is a lot of information about dinosaurs in it."

The book was organized in ___3___ order, from A to Z. I opened it and read for a long time. Millions of years ago, dinosaurs lived on the Earth. They were prehistoric animals. Some were as small as chickens, and some were huge. Dinosaurs were not all stupid; some were quite ___4___. But about 66 million years ago, they ___5___ completely. Nobody knows the exact reason.

Ben said, "___6___ in our class likes dinosaurs. Let's make a ___7___ about them." "Good idea," I said. "We can tell our classmates how they lived."

We worked on it for two days. Ben drew a picture, and I wrote the words. On Monday, we showed it to the class.

Our teacher said, "You did a good job. You worked very ___8___. Your poster is ___9___."

Our teacher also told us that modern birds are ___10___ to some dinosaurs. I learned a lot from this task.

1. A. anything B. nothing C. something D. everything

2. A. look for B. look up C. look at D. look after

3. A. alphabetical B. natural C. central D. original

4. A. weak B. noisy C. intelligent D. slow

5. A. gave up B. died out C. grew up D. fell down

6. A. Someone B. Everyone C. Nobody D. Anyone

7. A. poster B. prize C. vehicle D. notebook

8. A. slowly B. quietly C. late D. hard

9. A. terrible B. common C. boring D. wonderful

10. A. similar B. dangerous C. strange D. harmful

Passage 2

Numbers are very important in our life. We use them every day.

Long ago, people did not have numbers. They used small sticks to ___1___ things. For example, if a man had five sheep, he made five lines on a stick. This was the ___2___ way to record amounts.

Later, people in Rome used letters as numbers. We call them Roman numbers. But it was difficult to write big numbers with letters. Then people in India made the numbers 0 to 9. These symbols went to Arabia, and then to Europe. We call them Arabic numbers. They help us write big numbers ___3___.

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