精品解析：山东威海市实验中学 2026-2027学年上学期初四英语10月素养训练

初四英语素养训练 一、阅读理解（共20小题; 满分25分） A For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou Province, caring for the elderly is more than a job—it’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people. After graduating in 2017 with a degree in healthcare, Chen Sheng finished eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. In his early working days, what he met was more difficult than he thought. He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care, especially for the elderly who had to stay in bed all the time. Often, his day didn’t end until 11 p.m. He wanted to quit at first, but after a short time, the warmth and trust he received from the elderly changed his mind. Using his medical knowledge, Chen Sheng takes care of the elderly in a proper way, including physical examination, health guidance, advice on food and so on. “I arrived at the nursing home with lots of illnesses and could only lie in bed. After two months of good care by Chen Sheng, I was able to walk again by myself. Life here is very convenient, from great daily services to good medical care, just like at home, ” said Grandpa Li. Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in the nursing home. They are making every effort to take good care of the elderly and make them live a happy life. 1. What made Chen Sheng want to work in the nursing home? A. His growth experience. B. His grandparents’ words. C. His educational background. D. His training in the hospital. 2. What does the underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Hang out. B. Give up. C. Look up. D. Deal with. 3. What can we learn from Grandpa Li’s words in Paragraph 3? ①Chen Sheng takes good care of him. ②Life in the nursing home is convenient. ③He gets good medical care from the hospital. ④His physical condition has improved since he moved in. A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ 4. Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng? A. Honest and silent. B. Direct and polite. C. Outgoing and humorous. D. Warm-hearted and patient. 5. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To improve medical conditions for the elderly. B. To develop the interests and hobbies of the elderly. C. To call on more young people to care for the elderly. D. To introduce the elderly people’s life in the nursing home. B Unlike what you may imagine, taking good care of a plant can be difficult, especially when it comes to how to water a plant. Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem. Luckily, a new technology called GrowStream can help them “talk” to their plants. GrowStream is a watering system. Its tubes have special tiny holes in them. When plants need water, they will release (释放) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots. When the holes detect (检测) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants “drink” enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that “tells” the holes to close back up and stop watering. This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems. It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa. It is also testing the system in the US. It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water. “GrowStream is more than just a technology, ” said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI. “We want it to‘talk’ to people, too. It says two things: The earth’s natural resources are not so much, and we should take better care of the planet through new technology. ” 6. Why is it difficult to water a plant? A. Plants need too much water. B. It is hard to discover whether the plant needs water. C. Watering a plant takes too much time. D. Some farmers don’t teach you how to water a plant. 7. How does GrowStream make sure plants “drink” enough water? A. By providing water all the time. B. By releasing chemicals to help the plants “drink” enough water. C. By putting water into the plants’ roots. D. By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release. 8. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Plants. B. Holes. C. Roots. D. Tubes. 9. What is the main advantage of this new system? A. Saving time. B. Easy to use. C. Saving water. D. Cheap to buy. 10. What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words? A. The earth is heavily polluted. B. People can talk with GrowStream. C. We have to find more natural resources. D. New technology can help save natural resources. C After my husband died, my world crashed around me. My six children were ten, nine, eight, six, three and 18 months, and I was overwhelmed (压垮) with the responsibilities of earning a living, caring for the children and simply keeping my head above water. I was lucky to find a wonderful housekeeper to care for the children during the week, but from Friday nights to Monday mornings, the children and I were alone, and frankly (坦诚地) I was uneasy. Every unusual noise or any late-night phone call filled me with fear. I felt really lonely. One Friday evening I came home from work to find a big beautiful German shepherd (牧羊犬) on our doorstep. It was obvious he wanted to make the house his home. The children took an instant (立刻的) liking to “German” and begged me to let him in. I agreed to let him sleep in the basement (地下室) until the next day. That night I slept peacefully for the first time in many weeks. The following morning, we made phone calls and checked lost-and-found ads for German’s owner, but with no results. Saturday night he was still with us. On Sunday I had planned to take the children on a picnic. Since I thought it best to leave German behind in case his owner came by, we drove off without him. When we stopped to get gas at a local station, we were amazed to see German racing to the gas station after us. He stayed again Sunday night. Monday morning I let him out for a run while the children got ready for school. He didn’t come back. We thought we’d never see him again. On Friday evening, German was back again. We took him in, and again he stayed until Monday morning, when our housekeeper arrived. It went like this for almost 10 months. We looked forward to his coming each Monday morning when he left home. Each week, between German’s visits, I grew a little braver, but every weekend I enjoyed his company. Then one Monday morning we patted his head and let him out for what turned out to be the last time. He never came back. 11. How long did the German shepherd stay with the family every week? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Four days. 12. What does the underlined part in the first paragraph mean? A. trying to keep calm in public B. showing her high spirit in the face of trouble C. managing to continue to live 13. When the author’s husband died, ________. A. she couldn’t raise the six children on her own B. she couldn’t relax on the weekends C. the housekeeper only came on weekends 14. Which of the following is NOT true? A. German was fond of living with the family. B. The dog stayed until the writer was strong enough to go on alone. C. The writer was too busy that weekend to go find the dog’s owner. 15. Which is the best title for the passage? A. A homeless dog B. A friend’s strength C. Keep up when in trouble D When you see someone and they don’t recognize you at first, they may excuse themselves by saying they’re “bad with faces”. ____16____ You might think they’re just making excuses, but being bad with faces is actually a medical problem called face blindness. A new study shows that we should know more about it. ____17____ It makes it very hard to recognize people, even if you can see well, think clearly and remember things normally. Their study found that some people with face blindness can’t even recognize their own family or close friends if they meet them in surprising places. ____18____ These adults were asked to share their experiences of living with the condition. Of these people, 35% said they often failed to recognize their closest family members if they met them in unexpected places. ____19____ The researchers said that most people don’t know much about face blindness, which may make it harder for people to understand those who have the condition. According to the UK’s National Health Service (NHS), face blindness can also affect the ability to recognize emotions on other people’s faces and guess their ages. ____20____ The NHS adds that the difficulty of recognizing faces may make it harder to make friends, or cause problems at work or school, and this could affect the mental health of people with the condition. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. In other words, they have a hard time remembering people’s faces. B. 29 adults with face blindness in the UK took part in an online survey. C. It may also affect the ability to follow the plots of TV shows or movies. D. The most terrible thing is that they easily get lost in a strange place. E. Researchers from the UK and the US described face blindness as a lifelong condition. F. And 55% said they couldn’t always recognize their closest friends when seeing them in new places. 二、语言知识运用（共20小题; 满分30分） E 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A sick man asked his doctor for help. He said he was ___21___ to die and hoped the doctor could tell him how long he would live. But the doctor said he didn’t know. The man became a little angry. A few seconds later, the doctor ___22___ his own experience. “I got cancer (癌症) ten years ago. As a doctor, I ___23___ knew my life might end at any moment. I had the same ___24___ as you. At that time, I was worried to know how long my life would last. Before dying, should I live in sadness? Should I stop being a doctor and then wait for death? No. I decided to regard every day as a gift. From then on, I ___25___ the past ten years in doing meaningful things. Every day is full of wonder. ___26___ I don’t know the answer to your question, I believe the meaning of life is not ___27___ by how long it is, but by the way you live it. Your life may be shorter or longer. However, if you do something meaningful, you have made your life worthy.” The patient nodded and turned his worried ___28___ into a happy look. The doctor is right.___29___ knows what will happen in the future. After all, tomorrow is still unknown. Don’t ___30___ anything that is not sure. Just make the best of today. 21. A. afraid B. angry C. similar D. mad 22. A. spread B. heard C. shared D. reported 23. A. suddenly B. clearly C. finally D. recently 24. A. chance B. idea C. result D. feeling 25. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 26. A. Since B. As C. Though D. Unless 27. A. expected B. decided C. finished D. developed 28. A. spirit B. face C. sense D. heart 29. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody 30. A. think of B. look at C. worry about D. stick to F 语法填空 Tianshui lies in the southeast of Gansu Province. Spicy Hot Pot ____31____ (welcome) all of the network recently. It’s a historic city in northwest China and one of ____32____ (importance) birthplaces of Chinese civilization. We ____33____ (take) you here through a historical journey of all the ages. Tianshui is known ____34____ the “Hometown of Emperor Fuxi”. Emperor Fuxi is said to be one of the three emperors in ancient Chinese legend. He created the Eight Trigrams (八卦) on ____35____ (he) own and opened a new age of human civilization. According to the legend, Fuxi noticed all things in heaven and earth ____36____ (change), invented fishing nets and made people’s lives more convenient. He led humans ____37____ (keep) wild animals. Entering the Fuxi Temple, I feel as if I’m ____38____ (complete) lost in an ancient legend. On the wall of the temple, there are excellent murals (壁画), ____39____ (describe) Fuxi’s achievements and legends vividly (逼真地). I feel a strong power of history and culture here. Everything here tells a story from ancient times. The more you learn about Fuxi Temple, the ____40____ (deep) understanding of Chinese culture you will get. I’m proud of our Chinese wealth. It made us know about how wise and creative our Chinese in ancient times were. 三、翻译句子（共5小题, 满分15分） 41. 当按下按钮时, 不应该发出这么大的噪音。 ______________________________________________________ 42. 我想知道失重是什么感觉。 ______________________________________________________ 43. 飞机的发明让环球旅行更简单更快捷。 ______________________________________________________ 44. 造纸术促成了能塑造我们现代世界的信息的快速传递。 ______________________________________________________ 45. 我们会继续对火星和月球的探索。 ______________________________________________________ 四、阅读表达（共5小题, 满分15分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels (个性标签) are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” stands for “introverted (内向的)” and “E” refers to “extroverted”. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to experts, this is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in some situations. Because human beings want to get the sense of belonging by pleasing others. Using the MBTI result to identify (识别) and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P people” don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then I realized I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. And those four letters of yours don’t define (定义) who you are. 46. What is MBTI? ________________________ 47. What is “E person” like? ________________________ 48. What does the underlined word “masking” in Paragraph 2 mean in English? ________________________ 49. Why does the writer mention the conversation with his sister? ________________________ 50. Do you think MBTI personality test is fun? Why or why not? ________________________ 五、写作（满分15分） 51. 学校英语专栏正在开展征文活动： Do Inventions Help Us Realize Our Space Dreams?请你写一篇短文投稿。 要点提示： 发明如何推动太空探索； 谈谈你对未来太空发明的畅想； 作为青少年，我们该如何助力太空梦想。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 初四英语素养训练 一、阅读理解（共20小题; 满分25分） A For Chen Sheng, a young man in Meitan, Guizhou Province, caring for the elderly is more than a job—it’s a calling in his heart. Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people. After graduating in 2017 with a degree in healthcare, Chen Sheng finished eight months of training in a local hospital and started to work in a nursing home. In his early working days, what he met was more difficult than he thought. He got up at 6 a.m. to help with morning tasks. He provided full bedside care, especially for the elderly who had to stay in bed all the time. Often, his day didn’t end until 11 p.m. He wanted to quit at first, but after a short time, the warmth and trust he received from the elderly changed his mind. Using his medical knowledge, Chen Sheng takes care of the elderly in a proper way, including physical examination, health guidance, advice on food and so on. “I arrived at the nursing home with lots of illnesses and could only lie in bed. After two months of good care by Chen Sheng, I was able to walk again by myself. Life here is very convenient, from great daily services to good medical care, just like at home, ” said Grandpa Li. Besides medical care, Chen Sheng also gives emotional (情感的) support. He always offers comfort in time when a grandpa or a grandma is upset. Grandma Sun likes to talk with Chen Sheng every day and always shares the things she considers valuable. Grandma Sun feels warm and happy because of Chen Sheng. Her family thanks him for his patience and great love. As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people, including those born after 2000, have come to work in the nursing home. They are making every effort to take good care of the elderly and make them live a happy life. 1. What made Chen Sheng want to work in the nursing home? A. His growth experience. B. His grandparents’ words. C. His educational background. D. His training in the hospital. 2. What does the underlined word “quit” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. Hang out. B. Give up. C. Look up. D. Deal with. 3. What can we learn from Grandpa Li’s words in Paragraph 3? ①Chen Sheng takes good care of him. ②Life in the nursing home is convenient. ③He gets good medical care from the hospital. ④His physical condition has improved since he moved in. A. ①②③ B. ①③④ C. ①②④ D. ②③④ 4. Which of the following can best describe Chen Sheng? A. Honest and silent. B. Direct and polite. C. Outgoing and humorous. D. Warm-hearted and patient. 5. What is the main purpose of this text? A. To improve medical conditions for the elderly. B. To develop the interests and hobbies of the elderly. C. To call on more young people to care for the elderly. D. To introduce the elderly people’s life in the nursing home. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了贵州青年陈胜在养老院照顾老人的故事，描述了他如何用医学知识和爱心关怀老人，并呼吁更多年轻人加入养老护理行业。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Chen Sheng was raised by his grandparents, and his dream was to take care of more elderly people.”可推知，是由祖父母抚养长大的成长经历让他产生了照顾老人的梦想。 【2题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段“He wanted to quit at first, but after a short time, the warmth and trust he received from the elderly changed his mind.”可推知，起初他想放弃，后来改变了主意，“quit”意为“放弃”。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段李爷爷的话“After two months of good care by Chen Sheng, I was able to walk again by myself.”（①④正确）和“Life here is very convenient... good medical care, just like at home”（②正确），文中提及的是养老院内的医疗护理，而非直接从医院获得（③错误），因此①②④正确。 【4题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“the warmth and trust he received”和第四段“Her family thanks him for his patience and great love.”可推知，陈胜对待老人充满爱心且非常有耐心。 【5题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“As the needs for elderly care continue to grow, more and more young people... have come to work in the nursing home.”结合全文，作者通过陈胜的故事旨在呼吁更多年轻人关爱老人。 B Unlike what you may imagine, taking good care of a plant can be difficult, especially when it comes to how to water a plant. Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants. Even some farmers may have the same problem. Luckily, a new technology called GrowStream can help them “talk” to their plants. GrowStream is a watering system. Its tubes have special tiny holes in them. When plants need water, they will release (释放) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots. When the holes detect (检测) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants “drink” enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that “tells” the holes to close back up and stop watering. This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems. It was created by a company called RDI. The company has brought the GrowStream system to many farms in South Africa. It is also testing the system in the US. It will be used to make the city greener while saving more water. “GrowStream is more than just a technology, ” said Jan Gould, CEO of RDI. “We want it to‘talk’ to people, too. It says two things: The earth’s natural resources are not so much, and we should take better care of the planet through new technology. ” 6. Why is it difficult to water a plant? A. Plants need too much water. B. It is hard to discover whether the plant needs water. C. Watering a plant takes too much time. D. Some farmers don’t teach you how to water a plant. 7. How does GrowStream make sure plants “drink” enough water? A. By providing water all the time. B. By releasing chemicals to help the plants “drink” enough water. C. By putting water into the plants’ roots. D. By detecting the amount of chemicals that the plants release. 8. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A. Plants. B. Holes. C. Roots. D. Tubes. 9. What is the main advantage of this new system? A. Saving time. B. Easy to use. C. Saving water. D. Cheap to buy. 10. What does Jan Gould mean by saying the words? A. The earth is heavily polluted. B. People can talk with GrowStream. C. We have to find more natural resources. D. New technology can help save natural resources. 【答案】6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一种名为GrowStream的新型智能浇灌技术，它能通过检测植物根部释放的化学物质来实现精准灌溉，具有节约水资源的优势，并传达了通过新技术保护地球资源的理念。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“ Many people are not sure how often or how much they need to water their plants.”可知，许多人不确定给植物浇水的频率和水量，这意味着很难发现植物是否需要水。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the holes detect (察觉) these chemicals, they will open. The plants then get water from these holes. As the plants ‘drink’ enough water, they stop releasing these chemicals. And that ‘tells’ the holes to close back up and stop watering.”可知，系统通过检测植物释放的化学物质来控制孔洞开闭，从而确保植物喝足水。 【8题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中“When plants need water, they will release (释放) chemicals (化学物质) through their roots.”可知，当植物需要水时，它们会通过根部释放化学物质，结合语境可知代词they指代的是句子的主语Plants。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This system can help save 45 to 50 percent more water than common watering systems.”可知，该系统比普通浇灌系统能多节约45%到50%的水，说明其主要优势是节约用水。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第4段中Jan Gould所说的话“and we should take better care of the planet through new technology”可知，他希望通过新技术更好地保护地球，隐含的意思是新技术可以帮助节约自然资源。 C After my husband died, my world crashed around me. My six children were ten, nine, eight, six, three and 18 months, and I was overwhelmed (压垮) with the responsibilities of earning a living, caring for the children and simply keeping my head above water. I was lucky to find a wonderful housekeeper to care for the children during the week, but from Friday nights to Monday mornings, the children and I were alone, and frankly (坦诚地) I was uneasy. Every unusual noise or any late-night phone call filled me with fear. I felt really lonely. One Friday evening I came home from work to find a big beautiful German shepherd (牧羊犬) on our doorstep. It was obvious he wanted to make the house his home. The children took an instant (立刻的) liking to “German” and begged me to let him in. I agreed to let him sleep in the basement (地下室) until the next day. That night I slept peacefully for the first time in many weeks. The following morning, we made phone calls and checked lost-and-found ads for German’s owner, but with no results. Saturday night he was still with us. On Sunday I had planned to take the children on a picnic. Since I thought it best to leave German behind in case his owner came by, we drove off without him. When we stopped to get gas at a local station, we were amazed to see German racing to the gas station after us. He stayed again Sunday night. Monday morning I let him out for a run while the children got ready for school. He didn’t come back. We thought we’d never see him again. On Friday evening, German was back again. We took him in, and again he stayed until Monday morning, when our housekeeper arrived. It went like this for almost 10 months. We looked forward to his coming each Monday morning when he left home. Each week, between German’s visits, I grew a little braver, but every weekend I enjoyed his company. Then one Monday morning we patted his head and let him out for what turned out to be the last time. He never came back. 11. How long did the German shepherd stay with the family every week? A. One day. B. Two days. C. Four days. 12. What does the underlined part in the first paragraph mean? A. trying to keep calm in public B. showing her high spirit in the face of trouble C. managing to continue to live 13. When the author’s husband died, ________. A. she couldn’t raise the six children on her own B. she couldn’t relax on the weekends C. the housekeeper only came on weekends 14. Which of the following is NOT true? A. German was fond of living with the family. B. The dog stayed until the writer was strong enough to go on alone. C. The writer was too busy that weekend to go find the dog’s owner. 15. Which is the best title for the passage? A. A homeless dog B. A friend’s strength C. Keep up when in trouble 【答案】11. B 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者在丈夫去世后独自抚养六个孩子，周末感到孤独恐惧，一只牧羊犬连续十个月在周末陪伴作者一家，给予作者力量和勇气的故事。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“One Friday evening I came home from work to find a big beautiful German shepherd (牧羊犬) on our doorstep.”和第五段中“and again he stayed until Monday morning”可知，狗周五晚上来，周一早上离开，陪伴了周六和周日两天。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“and I was overwhelmed with the responsibilities of earning a living, caring for the children and simply keeping my head above water”可推知，作者面临生存和抚养孩子的巨大压力，短语意为“努力维持生活”。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“but from Friday nights to Monday mornings, the children and I were alone, and frankly (坦诚地) I was uneasy. Every unusual noise or any late-night phone call filled me with fear”可知，作者在周末独自带孩子时感到不安和恐惧，无法放松。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The following morning, we made phone calls and checked lost-and-found ads for German’s owner, but with no results.”可知，作者尝试寻找狗的主人，并非太忙没去找。 【15题详解】 最佳标题题。根据最后一段中“Each week, between German’s visits, I grew a little braver, but every weekend I enjoyed his company.”及全文内容可知，这只狗像朋友一样给了作者度过难关的力量。 D When you see someone and they don’t recognize you at first, they may excuse themselves by saying they’re “bad with faces”. ____16____ You might think they’re just making excuses, but being bad with faces is actually a medical problem called face blindness. A new study shows that we should know more about it. ____17____ It makes it very hard to recognize people, even if you can see well, think clearly and remember things normally. Their study found that some people with face blindness can’t even recognize their own family or close friends if they meet them in surprising places. ____18____ These adults were asked to share their experiences of living with the condition. Of these people, 35% said they often failed to recognize their closest family members if they met them in unexpected places. ____19____ The researchers said that most people don’t know much about face blindness, which may make it harder for people to understand those who have the condition. According to the UK’s National Health Service (NHS), face blindness can also affect the ability to recognize emotions on other people’s faces and guess their ages. ____20____ The NHS adds that the difficulty of recognizing faces may make it harder to make friends, or cause problems at work or school, and this could affect the mental health of people with the condition. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 A. In other words, they have a hard time remembering people’s faces. B. 29 adults with face blindness in the UK took part in an online survey. C. It may also affect the ability to follow the plots of TV shows or movies. D. The most terrible thing is that they easily get lost in a strange place. E. Researchers from the UK and the US described face blindness as a lifelong condition. F. And 55% said they couldn’t always recognize their closest friends when seeing them in new places. 【答案】16. A 17. E 18. B 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了脸盲症，说明了它是一种病症、相关研究发现以及脸盲症给患者带来的各类影响。 【16题详解】 前文提到有些人会说自己“不擅长认脸”，后文说你可能以为他们只是找借口，但这其实是一种叫脸盲症的病症。A项“In other words, they have a hard time remembering people’s faces.”承接上文“bad with faces”，进行同义解释，衔接自然。 【17题详解】 后文讲脸盲症让人们很难认出他人，还提到研究发现一些脸盲患者在意外场合甚至认不出家人亲友。E项“Researchers from the UK and the US described face blindness as a lifelong condition.”总起本段，引出脸盲症的特点和相关研究内容。 【18题详解】 后文提到这些成年人被要求分享患病经历，还有35%的人的相关数据。B项“29 adults with face blindness in the UK took part in an online survey.”引出调查对象，和后文“These adults”对应。 【19题详解】 前文给出35%的受访者的数据。F项“And 55% said they couldn’t always recognize their closest friends when seeing them in new places.”和前文并列，继续展示调查数据。 【20题详解】 前文提到脸盲症会影响识别面部情绪、猜测年龄的能力。C项“It may also affect the ability to follow the plots of TV shows or movies.”用also补充脸盲症带来的又一项影响，和上文并列。 二、语言知识运用（共20小题; 满分30分） E 完形填空 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A sick man asked his doctor for help. He said he was ___21___ to die and hoped the doctor could tell him how long he would live. But the doctor said he didn’t know. The man became a little angry. A few seconds later, the doctor ___22___ his own experience. “I got cancer (癌症) ten years ago. As a doctor, I ___23___ knew my life might end at any moment. I had the same ___24___ as you. At that time, I was worried to know how long my life would last. Before dying, should I live in sadness? Should I stop being a doctor and then wait for death? No. I decided to regard every day as a gift. From then on, I ___25___ the past ten years in doing meaningful things. Every day is full of wonder. ___26___ I don’t know the answer to your question, I believe the meaning of life is not ___27___ by how long it is, but by the way you live it. Your life may be shorter or longer. However, if you do something meaningful, you have made your life worthy.” The patient nodded and turned his worried ___28___ into a happy look. The doctor is right.___29___ knows what will happen in the future. After all, tomorrow is still unknown. Don’t ___30___ anything that is not sure. Just make the best of today. 21. A. afraid B. angry C. similar D. mad 22. A. spread B. heard C. shared D. reported 23. A. suddenly B. clearly C. finally D. recently 24. A. chance B. idea C. result D. feeling 25. A. spent B. cost C. took D. paid 26. A. Since B. As C. Though D. Unless 27. A. expected B. decided C. finished D. developed 28. A. spirit B. face C. sense D. heart 29. A. Everybody B. Somebody C. Anybody D. Nobody 30. A. think of B. look at C. worry about D. stick to 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. B 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了一名医生通过自己的经历告诉病人：生命可长可短，但只要把每一天过得有意义，生命便有了最大的价值。 【21题详解】 句意：他说他害怕死，希望医生能告诉他他能活多久。 afraid害怕的；angry生气的；similar相似的；mad生气的。根据“to die”可知是害怕死。故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：几秒钟后，医生分享了自己的经历。 spread传播；heard听到；shared分享；reported报道。根据“his own experience.”可知是分享经历，故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：作为一名医生，我清楚地知道我的生命随时可能结束。 suddenly突然；clearly清楚地；finally终于；recently最近。根据“I got cancer (癌症) ten years ago. As a doctor”可知他是医生，所以是清楚地知道自己的情况。故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：我和你有同样的感觉。 chance机会；idea想法；result结果；feeling感觉。根据上文“I got cancer (癌症) ten years ago.”可知，医生也生病了，和这位病人有相同的感觉。故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：从那时起，我在过去的十年里一直在做有意义的事情。 spent花费，主语是人；cost花费，主语是物；took花费，主语是形式主语it；paid付钱，主语是人。根据“the past ten years in doing meaningful things”可知此处是结构sb. spend time in doing sth.。故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：虽然我不知道你的问题的答案，但我相信生命的意义不取决于它有多长，而是取决于你的生活方式。 since自从；as因为；though虽然；unless除非。前后两句是让步关系，用though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 【27题详解】 句意：虽然我不知道你的问题的答案，但我相信生命的意义不取决于它有多长，而是取决于你的生活方式。 expected期待；decided决定；finished结束；developed发展。根据“the meaning of life is not...by how long it is”可知生命的意义不是由生命的长度决定的。故选B。 【28题详解】 句意：病人点了点头，把担忧的脸变成了高兴的表情。 spirit精神；face脸；sense感觉；heart心。根据“turned his worried...into a happy look”可知是他担忧的脸。故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：没有人知道将来会发生什么。 everybody每个人；somebody某人；anybody任何人；nobody没有人。根据“knows what will happen in the future”以及常识可知没有人知道未来会发生什么。故选D。 【30题详解】 句意：不要担心任何不确定的事情。 think of想起；look at看；worry about担心；stick to坚持。根据“anything that is not sure”可知是不要担心不确定的事情。故选C。 F 语法填空 Tianshui lies in the southeast of Gansu Province. Spicy Hot Pot ____31____ (welcome) all of the network recently. It’s a historic city in northwest China and one of ____32____ (importance) birthplaces of Chinese civilization. We ____33____ (take) you here through a historical journey of all the ages. Tianshui is known ____34____ the “Hometown of Emperor Fuxi”. Emperor Fuxi is said to be one of the three emperors in ancient Chinese legend. He created the Eight Trigrams (八卦) on ____35____ (he) own and opened a new age of human civilization. According to the legend, Fuxi noticed all things in heaven and earth ____36____ (change), invented fishing nets and made people’s lives more convenient. He led humans ____37____ (keep) wild animals. Entering the Fuxi Temple, I feel as if I’m ____38____ (complete) lost in an ancient legend. On the wall of the temple, there are excellent murals (壁画), ____39____ (describe) Fuxi’s achievements and legends vividly (逼真地). I feel a strong power of history and culture here. Everything here tells a story from ancient times. The more you learn about Fuxi Temple, the ____40____ (deep) understanding of Chinese culture you will get. I’m proud of our Chinese wealth. It made us know about how wise and creative our Chinese in ancient times were. 【答案】31. has welcomed 32. the most important 33. will take 34. as 35. his 36. changing 37. to keep 38. completely 39. describing 40. deeper 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了甘肃天水以及伏羲文化，讲述伏羲创造八卦、结网捕鱼等传说，表达了对中华历史文化的自豪。 【31题详解】 句意：天水麻辣烫最近收获了全网的喜爱。时间标志词recently是现在完成时的标志，主语Spicy Hot Pot是单数，用现在完成时形式has welcomed。 【32题详解】 句意：它是中国西北一座历史悠久的城市，也是中华文明最重要的发源地之一。固定结构one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数表示“最……之一”，importance的形容词最高级是the most important。 【33题详解】 句意：我们将带你开启一场跨越各个时代的历史之旅。本句表达将要发生的动作，用一般将来时形式will take。 【34题详解】 句意：天水以“伏羲故里”而闻名。固定搭配be known as意为“作为……而出名”，应填as。 【35题详解】 句意：他独自创造了八卦，开启了人类文明的新时代。固定搭配on one’s own意为“独自”，he的形容词性物主代词是his。 【36题详解】 句意：根据传说，伏羲留意到天地万物在变化，发明渔网，让人们的生活更加便利。notice sth. doing sth.表示“注意到某物正在……”，change的现在分词是changing。 【37题详解】 句意：他带领人类驯养野生动物。固定搭配lead sb. to do sth.意为“带领某人做某事”，应填to keep。 【38题详解】 句意：走进伏羲庙，我感觉自己完全沉浸在古老传说之中。此处需要副词修饰形容词lost，complete的副词形式是completely。 【39题详解】 句意：庙墙上有着精美的壁画，生动地描绘着伏羲的功绩与传说。本句已有谓语are，空处应填非谓语形式，murals和describe是主动关系，用describe的现在分词形式describing。 【40题详解】 句意：你对伏羲庙了解得越多，对中国文化的理解就越深刻。固定句型“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……就越……”，形容词deep的比较级是deeper，作定语，修饰名词understanding。 三、翻译句子（共5小题, 满分15分） 41. 当按下按钮时, 不应该发出这么大的噪音。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 When the button is pressed, such loud noise should not be made. 【解析】 【详解】“当按下按钮时, 不应该发出这么大的噪音”译为When the button is pressed, such loud noise should not be made。“当……时”译为When；“按下按钮”译为the button is pressed；“不应该”译为should not；“发出这么大的噪音”译为make such loud noise，noise与make是被动关系，所以译为such loud noise should not be made。 42. 我想知道失重是什么感觉。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 I want to know what it feels like to be weightless. 【解析】 【详解】“我想知道失重是什么感觉”译为I want to know what it feels like to be weightless。“我想知道”译为I want to know；“是什么感觉”常用句型表达为what it feels like，其中it作形式主语；“失重”译为be weightless，此处用不定式to be weightless作真正主语。 43. 飞机的发明让环球旅行更简单更快捷。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 The invention of the plane makes travel around the world easier and faster. 【解析】 【详解】“飞机的发明让环球旅行更简单更快捷”译为The invention of the plane makes travel around the world easier and faster. 描述客观事实，用一般现在时。“飞机的发明”用The invention of the plane，作主语，句首字母大写；“让”用make，主语是单数第三人称，用三单形式makes；“环球旅行”用travel around the world；“更简单更快捷”用easier and faster，形容词比较级形式，作宾语补足语。 44. 造纸术促成了能塑造我们现代世界的信息的快速传递。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 Papermaking contributed to the rapid spread of information that can shape our modern world. 【解析】 【详解】“造纸术促成了能塑造我们现代世界的信息的快速传递”译为Papermaking contributed to the rapid spread of information that can shape our modern world。“造纸术”用papermaking，作主语，句首字母大写；“促成”用contribute to，用一般过去时描述历史事实，用过去式形式contributed；“能塑造我们现代世界的信息的快速传递”用the rapid spread of information that can shape our modern world，其中that can shape our modern world是定语从句，修饰先行词information。 45. 我们会继续对火星和月球的探索。 ______________________________________________________ 【答案】 We will continue to explore Mars and the Moon. 【解析】 【详解】“我们会继续对火星和月球的探索”可译为We will continue to explore Mars and the Moon。“会”表达为will，表示将来时态；“继续”表达为continue，考查固定搭配continue to do sth.；“对……探索”表达为explore；“火星和月球”译为Mars and the Moon，是专有名词，注意首字母大写。本句描述将来的动作，用一般将来时，整体遵循“主语+谓语”的句子结构，注意句首字母大写及句末标点。 四、阅读表达（共5小题, 满分15分） 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题。 Are you an “I person” or an “E person”? These two personality labels (个性标签) are widely discussed online. They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI. All of the results have four letters, and there are 16 results in total. “I” stands for “introverted (内向的)” and “E” refers to “extroverted”. Even if someone is typically quiet, many online discussions suggest that an “I” person can still act outgoing at times. For example, when an introverted person is with a group of introverted friends, they might become more social like an “E” person. According to experts, this is called “masking”. That is hiding your true personality in some situations. Because human beings want to get the sense of belonging by pleasing others. Using the MBTI result to identify (识别) and describe someone’s personality seems fun. However, I went too far at one time. My sister was excitedly making a day-to-day travel plan when I remembered from an article that “P people” don’t like to make or stick to plans, so I said to her, “You don’t seem like a ‘P person’.” “Why?” she asked back. “Since when do I need to follow what my personality test tells me to do?” It was then I realized I’d taken the result too seriously. The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends. And that’s all it is—for fun. Knowing someone’s MBTI result doesn’t mean you really know this person. And those four letters of yours don’t define (定义) who you are. 46. What is MBTI? ________________________ 47. What is “E person” like? ________________________ 48. What does the underlined word “masking” in Paragraph 2 mean in English? ________________________ 49. Why does the writer mention the conversation with his sister? ________________________ 50. Do you think MBTI personality test is fun? Why or why not? ________________________ 【答案】46. A popular personality test./A personality test./MBTI is a personality test. 47. E person is extroverted./E person is outgoing./E person acts outgoing./E person is social. 48. Masking is hiding the true personality in some situations./Hiding something./Hiding. 49. Because he wants to tell us that he took the MBTI result too seriously./To show that he took the the MBTI result too seriously./To tell us not to take the MBTI result too seriously./To tell. us that we shouldn’t take the MBTI result too seriously. 50. I think MBTI is fun. Because it can show something I don’t know about myself./I think it is fun. Because it is a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.或I don’t think MBTI is fun. Because the four letters of MBTI result don’t define who we are./ Because the MBTI can’t define a person./ Because the MBTI result doesn’t mean I really know this person.（开放性试题，言之成理即可） 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了MBTI性格测试。 【46题详解】 根据“They are part of a popular personality test called the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator, or MBTI.”可知，MBTI是一个流行的性格测试。故填A popular personality test./A personality test./MBTI is a personality test. 【47题详解】 根据“‘I’ stands for ‘introverted’ and ‘E’ refers to ‘extroverted’.”和“they might become more social like an ‘E’ person”可知，E人很外向，擅长社交。故填E person is extroverted./E person is outgoing./E person acts outgoing./E person is social. 【48题详解】 根据“That is hiding your true personality in some situations.”可知，masking意味着隐藏自己的性格。故填Masking is hiding the true personality in some situations./Hiding something./Hiding. 【49题详解】 根据“It was then I realized I’d taken the result too seriously.”可知，作者和姐姐的对话使他意识到，自己太看重MBTI性格测试了，这是不必要的。故填Because he wants to tell us that he took the MBTI result too seriously./To show that he took the the MBTI result too seriously./To tell us not to take the MBTI result too seriously./To tell us that we shouldn’t take the MBTI result too seriously. 【50题详解】 题目要求我们写出对该性格测试的看法及原因，根据“The MBTI personality test may show something you don’t know about yourself and can even be a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.”可知，该性格测试很有趣，是一个很好的破冰话题。故填I think MBTI is fun. Because it can show something I don’t know about myself./I think it is fun. Because it is a fun ice-breaker question when meeting new friends.或I don’t think MBTI is fun. Because the four letters of MBTI result don’t define who we are./ Because the MBTI can’t define a person./ Because the MBTI result doesn’t mean I really know this person.（开放性试题，言之成理即可） 五、写作（满分15分） 51. 学校英语专栏正在开展征文活动： Do Inventions Help Us Realize Our Space Dreams?请你写一篇短文投稿。 要点提示： 发明如何推动太空探索； 谈谈你对未来太空发明的畅想； 作为青少年，我们该如何助力太空梦想。 ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 参考范文 Do Inventions Help Us Realize Our Space Dreams? Inventions, which are created by humans, play an important role in space exploration. Rockets help astronauts fly into space safely. Telescopes help us see stars clearly. In the future, I imagine there will be space hotels for people to live in. Also, spaceships will become faster than before. It will be exciting. As teenagers, we should study hard to learn more about science. We can also join science clubs. If we keep trying, our space dreams will come true one day. 【解析】 【详解】# 写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：议论文，以一般现在时和一般将来时为主 明确要点：发明推动太空探索、畅想未来太空发明、青少年助力太空梦想 确定人称：第一人称(I/we) 注意事项：紧扣主题，要点齐全，语句通顺 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 开头段：点明主旨，介绍发明对太空探索的作用 主体段：畅想未来的太空相关发明 结尾段：说明青少年的做法，呼应主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：发明推动太空探索 rocket/telescope/astronaut/space exploration/satellite/spacecraft等 要点二：未来太空发明畅想 space hotel/spaceship/fast/convenient/space station/space robot等 要点三：青少年助力太空梦想 teenager/study hard/science/join clubs/keep trying/learn knowledge等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $