上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第二学期高二年级英语学科6月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科6月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. what 2. ended 3. stirring 4. sent 5. who 6. they 7. whether 8. can 9. as 10. to discover Section B 11. K 12. C 13. F 14. H 15. E 16. I 17. D 18. G 19. A 20. B II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. D 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. C 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. A 32. B 33. B 34. D 35. A Section B 36. B 37. B 38. D 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. D 46. C Section C 47. D 48. A 49. E 50. C III. Summary Writing 51. Modern zoos, once entertainment centres, now conserve biodiversity. First, thanks to fully trained staff, they use captive breeding, keeping animals outside their natural living space, to protect endangered animals and keep the variety of wildlife. Secondly, they help animals back to their natural environment through reintroduction programmes. Lastly, they also help educate people about animals and the environment. IV. Translation 52. I have been practising diving for the past three years. 53. Curiously, the spare battery of the camera is nowhere to be found. 54. In response to the online reports of this food poisoning incident, the restaurant released its latest test results. 55. In order to find an apartment within his budget, Xiao Wang visited almost all the estate agencies in the neighbourhood, but found nothing. V. Guided Writing 56. My Reading Universe Books are the stepping stones to human progress, and my reading journey can be broadly categorized into two main types: fictional classics and non-fiction literature. The first category is fictional classics, which are characterized by their profound philosophical insights and emotional resonance. Take The Little Prince by Antoine de Saint-Exupéry as a prime example. Although superficially a fairy tale, it profoundly explores universal truths about love, loneliness, and responsibility. The second category is non-fiction literature, particularly in the realms of history and science. These books are highly informative and highly logical. For instance, reading Sapiens enabled me to grasp the evolutionary trajectory of humanity and vastly expanded my cognitive boundaries. In conclusion, while fiction enriches my soul and empathy, non-fiction empowers me with rational thinking. Both types of books are indispensable treasures that continually shape my worldview. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高二年级英语学科6月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Exploring Beyond Following the call of our restless genes has not ended well for all explorers. The British explorer Captain James Cook died in a fight with Hawaiians ten years after he received the precious map from Tupaia. His death, some say, brought to a close 1          Western historians call the Age of Exploration. Yet it hardly 2          (end) our exploring. We have remained enthusiastic about filling in the Earth's maps; reaching its farthest poles, highest peaks, and deepest trenches (海沟); sailing to its every corner and then flying off the planet entirely. With the NASA Rover Curiosity now 3          (stir) us all as it explores Mars, some countries and private companies are preparing to send humans to the red planet as well. Some visionaries even talk of having a spacecraft 4          (send) to the nearest star. NASA's Michael Barratt—a doctor, diver, and jet pilot, a sailor for 40 years and an astronaut for 12—is among those 5          ache to go to Mars. Barratt consciously sees himself as an explorer like Cook and Tupaia. "We're doing what 6          did," he says. "It works this way at every point in human history. A society develops an enabling technology, 7          it's the ability to preserve and carry food or build a ship or launch a rocket." Not all of us 8          ride a rocket or sail the infinite sea. Yet, 9          a species, we're curious enough and interested enough by the prospect to help pay for the trip and cheer at the voyagers' return. Yes, we hope to find a better place to live or acquire a larger territory or make a fortune. But we also explore simply 10          (discover) what's there. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. bunch B. closeness C. confused D. disrupted E. encounters F. heavily G. recomposed H. reserved I. unconsciously J. unrecognisable K. valuable Relationship in the Digital Age People from our past whom we no longer directly communicate with but who are active on social networks can "occupy 11          space in your mind, and you think about them instead of about your close friends," said Carlin Flora, the author of "Friendfluence: The Surprising Ways Friends Make Us Who We are." "If my high school friend posts frequently about her life, it's almost like it's celebrity gossip, or it seems as if I am watching a reality show about her," Ms. Flora said. "Our brains get 12          about whether we know celebrities; if we see someone a lot, our brain thinks we know them." Ms. Schiller, the Iowa graduate, goes out often with friends at night but also lives on a digital diet of texting (13          enough that she recently hurt her thumb), Google chat and social media. As with many young people, talking on the phone was never a big part of her routine and is now 14          for the rarest of occasions. There are physiological benefits to face-to-face 15         , however, that don't belong to digital interactions or the phone. "Your blood pressure goes down, and you imitate your friend's gesture 16         ," Ms. Flora said. "It's a kind of harmony humans have developed over thousands of years, and you don't get that when you only follow someone on social media." But now it's common for the synchrony (同步性) to be 17          in person, thanks to smartphones. Imagine Edward Hopper's 1942 painting "Nighthawks" (right) 18          today, with the three late-night diners and counterman all gazing at screens. "If there's a(n) 19          of guys at a bar together and they're all on their phones," Ms. Flora said, "they're not doing much to stimulate the body system to create the sense of 20         ." II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. In recent years breakfast cereals (谷物) seem to have lost their appeal. Many contain things that 21          consumers avoid, from carbohydrates and gluten to artificial flavours and genetically modified (GM) grain. Add to this a rising 22          for big brands and adoration of small, "authentic" ones, and large cereal-makers have been suffering declining sales. The market for "ready-to-eat" cereals shrank by 9% in America between 2012 and 2015, according to Euromonitor, a data firm. In Britain, the second-biggest cereal market, sales fell by 6%. Now, the manufacturers are boasting a(n) 23         . On February 16th General Mills told investors that its American cereal sales were stabilising. Kellogg followed, reporting on February 17th that it expects its American cereal sales to grow this year. But it will take hard work to make breakfast's business 24          again. Cereal firms have tried many ways to cope with customers' 25          appetites. They have 26         . Post Holdings, which sells Honey Bunches of Oats and Grape-Nuts, now also sells eggs and protein shakes. Some firms have 27          trendier brands, with mixed results. After Kellogg bought Kashi in 2000, many of its loyal customers 28         . Kellogg is now trying to win them back, returning Kashi's headquarters to California. A new Kashi cereal features popped sorghum (高粱), crispy yellow peas and smashed red beans. Makers are also spending to help their main brands. Kellogg has put more fruit in its Special K Red Berries cereal. General Mills plans to 29          all artificial flavours and colours from its cereals by 2023. Retailers (零售商) do not want cereal to enter terminal decline — it is too 30          for them. Jim Holbrook, who led Post's cereal business and is now boss of Daymon Worldwide, a retail consultant, says grocers might 31          sales by placing milk or bananas alongside cereal. For now, cereal-makers can take 32          that at least some brands are still popular. Sales of Kellogg's Froot Loops and General Mills' Cinnamon Toast Crunch have 33          in recent years, points out Alexia Howard of Sanford C. Bernstein, a research firm, even as more virtuous brands such as Fiber One, All-Bran and (until recently) Special K were failing, 34          shoppers may or may not come back to their cereal habit just due to smashed red beans. But cereal's most 35          customers are those who don't mind heaps of sugar, or "red #40" food colouring, in their breakfast bowls. 21. A. anxious B. regular C. satisfied D. potential 22. A. demand B. standard C. reputation D. disrespect 23. A. continuity B. distinction C. turnaround D. equivalent 24. A. compete B. succeed C. protest D. refuse 25. A. shrinking B. promoted C. inexhaustible D. intellectual 26. A. declined B. regretted C. diversified D. patented 27. A. changed B. embarrassed C. acquired D. replaced 28. A. doubted B. fled C. ignored D. wandered 29. A. conceal B. receive C. remove D. expect 30. A. distant B. traditional C. mysterious D. profitable 31. A. boost B. review C. reject D. describe 32. A. responsibility B. comfort C. charge D. action 33. A. failed B. risen C. paused D. mattered 34. A. Warm-hearted B. Fun-loving C. Would-be D. Health-conscious 35. A. reliable B. wealthy C. famous D. intelligent Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） For years, spring in our town was welcomed by Leon and Jo Martin, who owned the Dairy Queen. Every year, after their winter stay in Florida, they would post the words "Now Hiring" on their sign. I would walk past, see the sign, see Leon and Jo readying for their spring opening, and feel winter's departure. It was as accurate an indication of spring as any calendar. When they died and their children sold the Dairy Queen to an out-of-town outfit who kept it open year-round, it threw off our town's circadian rhythms (生物钟) something terrible. We're still not sure when spring begins. Well, that's not entirely accurate. When the implement store on the west edge of town, where Johnston's IGA grocery store used to be, stops selling snowplows and starts selling lawn mowers, that's a pretty good sign winter is coming to an end. If they should drop the ball, Frank Gladden is sure to stand at our Quaker meeting and announce that volunteers are needed for our spring fish fry. Frank's announcement is as reliable as any clock and invariably mixed with worry and regret that this might be the last year of the fish fry if volunteers aren't forthcoming. "We're not getting any younger," he announces. Frank is 82 years old, but he's been saying that since 1961, so we Quakers aren't alarmed. The Fairfield Friends Fish Fry is as constant as sunrise. But let us suppose both the implement store and Frank Gladden neglect their duties and we are cast adrift, unaware of spring's arrival. We would then have to look and see whether Bill Eddy, our town's plumber, was wearing a coat. When the first leaf falls to the ground in the autumn, Bill pulls on his Carhartt coat and doesn't remove it until spring. I've known Bill since we were in first grade together, so I know well about his habits. He wears that Carhartt everywhere, inside and outside. There are other signs of spring if one is watchful. The deer lighten in color, the dog sheds, the buds swell, the snow melts on the south hillside, and the bloodroot in our woodlot pushes out its petals. The calf (牛犊) appears, following its mother because of hunger. Who needs a calendar when a calf is nearby? 36. What can be learned about the Dairy Queen from the first paragraph? A. It was moved to Florida. B. It used to be closed in winter. C. It is now owned by Leon and Jo's children. D. It has several branches out of the town. 37. According to the writer, which of the following is a sign that winter is over? A. The deer turns into a darker color. B. Bill Eddy stops wearing his Carhartt coat. C. The Quaker meeting starts to call for volunteers. D. Johnston's IGA grocery store starts to sell lawn mowers. 38. By "as constant as sunrise", the writer means that the Fairfield Friends Fish Fry A. has a long history B. makes excellent fried fish C. opens very early every day D. is sure to continue its business 39. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Why I Love Spring B. Every Changing Spring C. How I Know It's Spring D. Spring: All Comes to Life （B） Mandie Currie, a zoo-keeper, spent the day in the offices of the magazine Marie Claire. Alice Cutler, a fashion assistant at Marie Claire, spent the day at London zoo. 'Choosing what to wear for my day at Marie Claire was tricky because normally I wear a uniform at work. First I went to a still-life photo studio, then to press previews, all before lunch. The zoo is such a tranquil, peaceful place—and here I was rushing around when I could be sitting quietly giving an animal a cuddle. Some of the members of the fashion team seemed quite stressed—my job doesn't really get pressurised. At a fashion shoot in the afternoon, it made me laugh to think that I'd usually be cleaning out cages or handling rats. I'm fascinated to see how magazines work, but I really enjoy my job at the zoo so I'll stay put.' 'I arrived at the zoo in my leather boots and dark blue trousers. The zoo gave me a green T-shirt instead to work in, which was just as well, as I got very dirty. While I was bathing one of the elephants, I thought Mandie would probably be packing up clothes in the cupboard. By five o'clock, I smelt terrible but I'd had such a brilliant day. When I retire from fashion, I could see myself working with elephants--but maybe in Africa.' Karen Hodson, a nurse at Hammersmith Hospital, went on location with the television gardening programme Ground Force. Charlie Dimmock, landscape gardener with the TV programme Ground Force, worked a shift at Hammersmith Hospital. 'I was extremely excited about meeting the team, and Alan Titchmarsh, the programme presenter, was really nice. One of the things I liked was the chance to be in the fresh air. Depending on my shifts, I sometimes never see daylight. Even though it was hard work, it was great fun. I thought I was pretty strong but I felt weak compared with the rest of the team. My romantic vision of landscape gardening had not included physical hard work or careful planning. I was more an enthusiastic than effective gardener, so I don't plan to give up my other job.' 'I made beds and handed out tablets. I expected to faint when I was doing some jobs, but I amazed myself by finding that it didn't bother me. The friendship among the nurses is great, and it felt tremendously 'girlie' compared with my normal male environment. I feel my job is a real waste of time compared with nursing. My day at the hospital was not exactly pleasant but it left me with a great sense of satisfaction.' 40. The four people in the passage are talking about their experience of ______. A. taking up a career they never tried before B. giving up their secure job for a new one C. staying at a strange place for some time D. living somebody else's life for a day 41. It can be inferred from the passage that ______ are most probably unwilling to do the job they tried. A. Mandie Currie and Karen Hodson B. Alice Cutler and Charlie Dimmock C. Mandie Currie and Charlie Dimmock D. Alice Cutler and Karen Hodson 42. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage? A. Mandie Currie found her own job more stressful than the one she tried. B. Karen Hodson expected there to be much hard work as a landscape gardener. C. Alice Cutler disliked working in a zoo as she smelt terrible at the end of the day. D. Charlie Dimmock thought being a nurse was more worthwhile than his own job. （C） History does not repeat but sometimes it rhymes. So, it seems, do efforts to protect netizens' privacy. The European Union led the world with its General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which came into force in May 2018. That law shook up internet giants and global advertising firms, both of which had previously used consumer data with little oversight. On December 11th India's government introduced a bill that would force firms to handle data only with consumer agreement and give the authorities sweeping access to them. But the piece of legislation (立法) rhyming with GDPR right now is the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA), which comes into force on January 1st. To online businesses, it jars. The Californian law copies some of the GDPR's items. It gives consumers the right to know what online information is collected about them and how it is used, permits them to demand that their data be destroyed and to charge companies with releasing data. In some ways, the CCPA is looser than its European predecessor (前身). It does not, for instance, insist that firms have a "legal basis" for collecting and using personal data or restrict the international transfer of data. It also stops short of demanding the appointment of corporate data-protection officers and assessments of projects' data-protection risks. In other respects, though, California goes further than the EU. The CCPA adopts a broader definition of personal information (which extends to such things as internet cookies that identify users on websites) and it forbids discrimination (by offering discounts to those who grant firms access to their data). Companies must enable Californians to choose not to engage in the sale of personal data with a clear "do not sell" link on their home page, rather than through GDPR's process. "Initial compliance" with the CCPA may, for its part, cost the estimated 500,000-odd affected American firms $55bn according to a study. Any such estimates should be taken with a grain of salt. For one thing, global firms that are already GDPR-compliant have a head start, even if differences between the two laws mean observing the Californian one will be far from automatic. Big firms, which are already on the hook for GDPR, are expected to spend another $2m each. For the tech giants that looks like small change. For smaller online sellers, app-makers or other firms present on the internet the Californian law will be unwelcome. They can ignore European regulations, because most have no EU business, but cannot easily stay away from one of America's biggest domestic markets. A new survey by the US Chamber of Commerce, a lobby group, claims that only 12% of small businesses in America know about the law, let alone have prepared for it. 43. The word "jars" (in paragraph 2) most probably means ______. A. stops a company from developing B. causes unpleasant feelings C. rhymes with history D. comes into force 44. CCPA is different from GDPR in that ______. A. CCPA doesn't require companies to assign data-protection officers B. CCPA asks consumers to assess projects' data-protection risks for a company C. CCPA doesn't give consumers the right to know about their own information D. CCPA permits companies to destroy data as long as they find something illegal 45. Which of the following is forbidden by CCPA? A. Going through GDPR's process. B. Using cookies online to identify users. C. Labelling a website with a clear "do not sell" link. D. Offering discounts to users who let firms use their data. 46. What can be inferred from the passage about big firms? A. They don't have much business in Europe. B. They will find CCPA easier to observe than GDPR. C. They won't care about the cost of observing CCPA. D. They will choose to stay away from domestic markets. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Spray bacteria may prevent its spread A. So Chunxiang Hu of the Chinese Academy of Sciences' Institute of Hydrobiology in Wuhan has developed an alternative approach. B. That might change soon, though. C. "Unless you do something to help, you're probably talking centuries for it to recover naturally," he says. D. If left unchecked, sands can slowly engulf roads and railways. E. On the sunny side, the crust was about half as thick. F. People have been trying to use bacteria in this way since the 1980s, says Matthew Bowker, a soil ecologist at Northern Arizona University. Desertification is a big problem for China. Overgrazing by livestock has destroyed much of the layer of lichen, algae and mosses—the cryptobiotic crust (隐生物壳)—that binds the sand and soil to the ground. 47          Farmland and even major cities can be destroyed by dust storms that began in the desert. Planting hardy grasses helps keep sand in place, but the wind can still blow away particles (颗粒) between the grasses. 48          She coats planted dunes with a mixture of photosynthesizing cyanobacteria that can grow well in the semi-arid (干旱的) environment. Grown in nearby ponds, the cyanobacteria are trucked into the desert every few days and sprayed over the dunes, where they form sticky substances that hold soil particles in place and prevent them from being blown away. Cyanobacteria get their energy from sunlight through photosynthesis, and as part of the chemical reactions involved, they absorb carbon from the atmosphere and provide the organic matter the soil needs to be productive. Hu's long-running trials show that after eight years, dunes treated with cyanobacteria developed a biological crust nearly 1 centimetre thick when on the shady side of dunes. 49          The topsoil improved where the crust developed, helping plant growth. The method is vital if semi-arid regions are going to recover on a reasonable timescale, says Brian Whitton, an ecologist at Durham University, UK. 50          Hu says the cyanobacteria are now being used to hold the verges of roads and railways in northern China as well as the margins of farmland. Her team plans to seed 133 square kilometres over the next five years. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. The Role of the Modern Zoo Initially seen purely as centres of entertainment, zoos were often heavily criticised in society for keeping animals captive. Nowadays, however, zoos have a lot more to offer than perhaps some people realise. Good zoos have changed their focus and are now responding to environmental problems, such as the decline in wildlife and loss of their living space. Indeed, scientists believe that a third of all animal and plant species on Earth risk extinction within this century. The modern zoo, therefore, has developed dramatically as a major force in conserving biodiversity, that is, the large variety of animal species worldwide. Zoos linked with the Association of Zoos and Aquariums participate in Species Survival Plan Programmes, which involve captive breeding, reintroduction programmes and public education to ensure the survival of many of the planet's threatened and endangered species. Captive breeding is the process of breeding animals outside their natural environment in restricted conditions such as farms, zoos or other closed areas. It is a method used to increase the populations of endangered species, in order to prevent extinction. One of the main challenges facing captive breeding programmes, however, is maintaining genetic diversity. Zoo staff are fully trained in this area, and manage the programmes carefully to ensure genetic variation. Another way in which zoos protect endangered species is through reintroduction programmes. These programmes release animals that have been in the zoo back into their natural living spaces. Finally, and perhaps most significantly, many zoos now concentrate on educating the public, particularly the younger generation. These zoos educate millions of visitors each year about endangered species and related conservation issues. Visiting the zoo not only raises money for conservation projects, but also reminds individuals about environmental issues. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 近三年来，我一直在练习潜水。(practise) 53. 奇怪的是，照相机的备用电池找不到了。(nowhere) 54. 作为对于这起食物中毒事件网络报道的回应，这家饭店发布了最新检验结果。(response) 55. 为了找到一间在自己预算范围的公寓，小王几乎走遍了这个街区所有的房产中介，但一无所获。(In order to) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高二学生李明，最近看到学校英语报上正在开展主题为 "The books I have read" 的征文活动，你对此很感兴趣，有意撰文参加。写一篇文章，内容须包括: 1) 对你曾经读过的书进行分类； 2) 每一类的特点，并用具体实例进行说明。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $