专题01 完形填空-【题型易-必考题型】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语第五单元测试题型特训（新教材译林版·南京专用）

考前特训 专题01 完形填空 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “完形填空”是语言知识运用板块中综合性最强的一道题：一篇 159–298 词的短文留出 10 个空，每空四个选项。完形的四个选项往往词性相同、词义相近，单看空格所在句往往定不了答案，必须回到上下文找复现、同义替换或逻辑线索。它同时考查词汇、语法和语篇理解，是拉开分差的关键题。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文＋设空”的形式呈现，每篇设 10 个空，每空四选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 159–298 词之间（最短一篇 159 词，最长一篇 298 词）。 设空以实词为主，平均每 15–25 词设一空，首句通常不设空，以保证背景信息完整、便于考生先定主题。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）动词辨析（12 题，约 15%）：包括动词词义辨析（plan / plant / die / fall / catch / protect / store 等）和短语动词（grow up / cut down / run away / find out 等），需结合上下文动作链判断，如 Passage 8 题 9 选 watched 而非 heard / looked。 （2）名词辨析（11 题，约 14%）：以抽象名词和话题词为主（hope / facts / food / reason / water / knowledge 等），多需结合全文主题判断，如 Passage 5 题 5 选 reason 是因为后文给出“蜜蜂授粉”这一原因。 （3）形容词与副词辨析（9 题，约 11%）：包括情感形容词（surprised / frightened / thirsty）、评价形容词（clear / alive / special）和方式副词（slowly / quietly / easily / clearly），如 Passage 1 题 8 选 quietly 与前文“take no notice”呼应。 （4）介词与固定搭配（10 题，约 12%）：包括介词辨析（in / on / at / like / without / with）和固定搭配（cut down / turn on / look like / feed on / lap up），如 Passage 6 题 4 选 like 构成“just like raising a child”。 （5）连词与逻辑关系词（7 题，约 9%）：根据上下文因果、转折、条件、举例等逻辑关系判断（but / so / if / when / however / therefore / for example），如 Passage 5 题 9 选 However 表转折。 （6）代词（3 题，约 4%）：人称代词宾格（them）、不定代词（other / others / another / any）的指代与搭配，如 Passage 1 题 5 选 other 接复数名词。 （7）疑问词与数词等（3 题，约 4%）：how far / how soon 等疑问短语辨析、数词固定搭配（three / two / none / all），如 Passage 2 题 1 选 how far 测量距离。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：文章题材多样（野生动物保护、太空实验、蜜蜂生态、鸟类视觉、亲情故事等），生词量适中，读通不难。真正的区分点在“四个词都认识，却选不对”——答案线索往往藏在上下文的复现词或逻辑关系里。近年完形填空呈现三个趋势：一是动词与名词辨析比例上升，单纯语法题减少；二是线索距离拉长，答案可能在空格前数句甚至全文主题句中；三是话题更贴近现实生活与社会热点（如航天科技、生态保护）。 一、四步解题法 第一步　通读首句，定主题与基调。完形首句一般不设空，是全文的“定盘星”。先用十秒钟读首句和末句，判断文章是记叙还是说明、情感是褒还是贬，后面所有选择都以这个基调为准。 第二步　逐空试填，先易后难。第一遍只填有把握的空（固定搭配、复现词、明显的逻辑词），把难题标记后跳过。不要在一两个空上反复纠缠，因为后面的题目往往会为前面的空提供线索。 第三步　回读上下文，找线索排除。对没把握的空，把四个选项逐一代入，看哪个与前后句的复现词、同义替换或逻辑关系吻合。完形的答案线索常在空格之后的一句甚至一段之后。 第四步　代入复查，确保语法正确——语意通顺。把所有答案代回原文通读一遍，检查时态、主谓一致、搭配是否正确，语意是否连贯。特别注意固定搭配中的介词和动词形式。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】动词辨析看“动作链”——以 Passage 8 题 9 为例：原文写道“I stood there and”，空处位于 and 之后、my kind boy 之前，需要一个动词与 stood 并列。该句描述“我站在那里____我善良的儿子努力拯救另一个生命”，watch 强调“注视全过程”，比 heard（听见）和 looked（看，需接 at）更贴合语境，故选 C（watched）。提醒：动词辨析先看能否与前后动词构成并列或递进的“动作链”，再辨词义细微差别。 【点拨2】名词辨析抓“复现与主题”——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“He feeds the rescued (被救助的) wild animals and takes care of their”，空处位于 their 之后，需要一个名词与 takes care of 构成搭配。第二段又写“not only wounded animals but also baby animals”，wounded（受伤的）与空处的 wounds（伤口）是同根词复现，可见照料的核心正是伤口；后文“cleans their living places”是紧接着的日常照料动作。signs（标志）、differences（差异）、voices（声音）都与“救助—照料”的场景不搭，故选 D。提醒：名词辨析先在上下文找复现词或同义替换——本空就是靠 wounded 与 wounds 的同根复现锁定。 【点拨3】形容词辨析看“情感指向”——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“We are really”，空处位于 really 之后、when we see such big whales 之前，需要一个形容词描述“看到如此大的鲸鱼”时的感受。看到庞然大物自然感到“惊讶”，surprised 描述人的感受，故选 A。提醒：-ed 形容词描述人的感受，-ing 形容词描述事物特征，先判断修饰对象再选词。 【点拨4】固定搭配与介词辨析——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文写道“The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship”，空处位于 spaceship 之后、April 25 之前，需要一个时间介词。具体日期前用 on，故选 B。提醒：时间介词的选用规则——at → 时刻，on → 具体某天/日期，in → 年/月/季节，during → 期间；固定搭配中的介词不可替换，需熟记。 【点拨5】连词与逻辑关系词——以 Passage 5 题 9 为例：原文写道“the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried about it”，空处位于句首、the number of bees 之前，需要一个逻辑连接词。前文说蜜蜂在生态系统中很重要，后文说蜜蜂数量在下降，前后构成转折关系，however 表转折且用逗号隔开，故选 C。提醒：先判断前后句的逻辑关系（因果 so/therefore、转折 but/however、条件 if、举例 for example），再选对应的连接词。 【点拨6】代词指代与搭配——以 Passage 1 题 5 为例：原文写道“Lions and tigers only kill and eat men when they have grown too old and too weak to catch their usual”，空处位于 usual 之后、such as deer and 之前，需要一个限定词修饰 small animals。other 后接复数名词表示“其他的”，another 后接单数名词，others 后不能再接名词，故选 B（other）。提醒：other / others / another / any 的区别——other + 复数名词，another + 单数名词，others = other + 名词（独立使用），any 用于否定/疑问。 【点拨7】比较级看“than”标志——以 Passage 2 题 7 为例：原文写道“Some birds’ eyesight is”，空处位于 is 之后、than people’s 之前，需要一个比较级形容词。后文“They can see small insects when they fly in the sky”说明鸟的视力优于人类，better 是 good 的比较级，故选 D。提醒：看到 than 就要找比较级；同时注意 the + 最高级、much / even + 比较级等标志词。 【点拨8】疑问词辨析看“回答方式”——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“Birds can see colours, just as people do. Birds need to see colours when they fly because they need to find places to land”，后文说鸟类靠颜色判断距离和安全着陆，问的是“鸟看颜色能判断多远”，how far 问距离，故选 B。提醒：how soon 问多久以后，how far 问距离，how long 问时长/长度，how fast 问速度；先看回答方式再选疑问词。 三、易错提醒 看到四个选项词性相同就凭语感选——完形的四个选项往往同词性，必须回到上下文找线索，不能只读空格所在句。 只读空格所在句，不读前后句——本次多题的线索都在空格之后甚至下一段（如 Passage 5 题 5 的 reason 要等后文“蜜蜂授粉”才出现）。 把“复现词”当正确答案——原文出现过的词不一定就是答案，要结合语境判断是否“换了说法”。 忽略固定搭配中的介词——cut down / look like / feed on 等搭配中的介词不可替换，代入时要整体读一遍。 连词题只看空格前后两个词——要读完整的前后两句，判断逻辑关系是因果、转折还是条件，再选连接词。 Passage 1 Some people think that all wild animals are dangerous. But in fact, very few of them will 1 a man if he leaves them alone. If you meet a lion or an elephant, I guess you will 2 ; but even a lion will avoid (躲避) a man if it is not very 3 . Lions and tigers only kill and eat men when they have grown too old and too weak to catch their usual 4 such as deer and 5 small animals. If you see a wild elephant, perhaps you will be 6 . However, elephants usually run away at once if you don’t attack them. Some animals get very frightened if they only smell a man, some stand and look at him for a moment 7 they run away, some take no notice at all but walk away 8 in another direction. Wild animals only attack 9 when they are afraid that people want to harm (伤害) their 10 or when the hunters shoot at them and make them angry. 1．A．bite B．attack C．protect D．hide 2．A．come nearer B．break down C．stay alive D．run away 3．A．thirsty B．excited C．tired D．hungry 4．A．food B．fish C．things D．drinks 5．A．others B．other C．another D．any 6．A．excited B．pleased C．frightened D．angry 7．A．before B．after C．as soon as D．while 8．A．luckily B．noisily C．quietly D．loudly 9．A．dogs B．people C．children D．other 10．A．neighbours B．friends C．young babies D．parents 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文讲述有些人认为所有野生动物都很危险，但实际上野生动物很少主动攻击人类，它们只有在饥饿、担心幼崽受到伤害或者被猎人激怒时才会袭击人的故事。 【详解】1．句意：但事实上，如果人类不去打扰它们，很少有野生动物会攻击人类。 前文提到人们觉得野生动物危险，本句转折说明很少动物会袭击人，attack意为攻击，符合题意；bite是咬，protect保护，hide躲藏，均不符合语境。 2．句意：如果你遇到一头狮子或者大象，我猜你会逃跑。 结合常识，人碰到狮子大象会跑开，run away逃跑，符合题意；come nearer靠近，break down崩溃，stay alive活下去，都不符合。 3．句意：但就算是狮子，如果不是非常饥饿，也会躲避人类。 根据后文狮子捕食的内容，狮子只有饿了才会捕猎，hungry饥饿的，符合题意；thirsty口渴，excited兴奋，tired疲惫，逻辑不通。 4．句意：狮子和老虎只有在年老体弱，抓不到鹿这类平时的猎物时，才会捕杀吃掉人类。 鹿是它们日常的食物，food食物，符合题意；fish鱼，things东西，drinks饮品，不符合。 5．句意：狮子和老虎只有在年老体弱，抓不到鹿和其他小动物这类平时的食物时，才会捕杀吃掉人类。 other后面接复数名词，表示“其他的”，符合题意；others后面不能再加名词，another后接单数名词，any任何，不合适。 6．句意：如果你看见一头野生大象，也许你会感到害怕。 见到野生大象，人的感受应该是害怕，frightened害怕的，符合题意；excited兴奋，pleased开心，angry生气，不符合。 7．句意：有些动物闻到人的气味就十分害怕，有些会站着看他一会儿，才跑开。 stand看一会儿这个动作发生在run away逃跑之前，before在……之前，符合题意；after在……之后，as soon as一……就，while当……时，逻辑不对。 8．句意：有些动物完全不在意，只是安静地朝另一个方向走开。 根据前文说的“不在意”，可知这里会安静走开，quietly安静地，符合题意；luckily幸运地，noisily吵闹地，loudly大声地，不符合语境。 9．句意：野生动物只有在害怕人类想要伤害它们幼崽，或是猎人开枪激怒它们的时候，才会攻击人类。 全文讲动物和人的关系，这里指攻击人，people人们，符合题意；dogs狗，children孩子，other其他，范围片面。 10．句意：野生动物只有在害怕人类想要伤害它们幼崽，或是猎人开枪激怒它们的时候，才会攻击人类。 young babies在这里指动物的幼崽，符合题意；neighbours邻居，friends朋友，parents父母，不符合动物护崽的常识。 Passage 2 Birds can see colours, just as people do. Birds need to see colours when they fly because they need to find places to land (着陆). Colours help them know 1 the place is and what it is like so that they can catch flying things in the air or land on something they think safe. Birds can “tell” the differences between colours. But for some 2 animals, such as wolves, the world looks like a black and white photo. Wolves look for food mainly by 3 . They can hear 4 when the animals they hunt move. But other animals seem to know this. For example, a rabbit will stop moving when it finds there is something 5 . Then the wolves 6 not find it at all. However, birds are better than wolves in these ways. They can see dead insects from far away. Some birds’ eyesight is 7 than people’s. They can see small insects 8 they fly in the sky. Because they are able to 9 colours, they can find food easily and 10 if (是否) there are other animals that are dangerous to them. 1．A．how soon B．how far C．how long D．how fast 2．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 3．A．shouting B．listening C．eating D．moving 4．A．hardly B．slowly C．nearly D．clearly 5．A．dangerous B．safe C．slow D．fast 6．A．should B．must C．may D．need 7．A．bigger B．smaller C．worse D．better 8．A．when B．till C．where D．how 9．A．paint B．see C．read D．watch 10．A．work out B．find out C．put out D．hand out 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了鸟类能够像人类一样看到颜色，并且颜色对它们在空中捕食和安全着陆非常重要。文章还对比了鸟类与其他动物如狼在视觉和捕食方式上的差异，强调了鸟类在视觉方面的优势。 【详解】1．句意：颜色帮助它们了解那个地方有多远，以及它是什么样子的，这样它们就能在空中捕捉飞行的东西，或者降落在它们认为安全的地方。 根据上文“Birds need to see colours when they fly because they need to find places to land. ”可知，颜色能帮助它们判断距离，从而决定何时降落。how far“多远”符合语境。 2．句意：但是对于其他一些动物，比如狼，世界看起来就像一张黑白照片。 根据句意，此处指除了鸟类之外的“其他”动物。some other animals是固定搭配，意为“其他一些动物”。another用于三者或三者以上中的“另一个”；others相当于other+复数名词，后面不能再接名词；the other指两者中的“另一个”。 3．句意：狼主要通过听来寻找食物。 根据下文“They can hear...”可知，狼主要依靠听觉来觅食。因此，listening“听”符合语境。 4．句意：当它们捕猎的动物移动时，它们能清楚地听到声音。 根据上下文，狼依靠听觉捕猎，所以当猎物移动时，它们应该能“清楚地”听到声音。clearly“清楚地”符合语境。hardly“几乎不”，slowly“缓慢地”，nearly“几乎”均不符合逻辑。 5．句意：例如，兔子发现危险时就会停止移动。 根据上文“wolves look for food mainly by listening”（狼主要通过听来寻找食物）可知，兔子停止移动是为了避免被狼发现，这说明它察觉到了“危险”。dangerous“危险的”符合语境。 6．句意：那么狼可能根本找不到它。 根据上文“a rabbit will stop moving”可知，兔子停止移动后，狼可能无法发现它，此处表示一种可能性，应用may。 7．句意：有些鸟的视力比人的更好。 根据下文“They can see small insects...they fly in the sky”可知，鸟能看见空中的小昆虫，说明它们的视力比人更好。 8．句意：它们能在空中飞行时看见小昆虫。 根据“they fly in the sky”可知，此处指当它们在天空中飞行时，应用when引导时间状语从句。 9．句意：因为它们能看见颜色，所以它们能轻易地找到食物，并且查明是否有其他对它们有危险的动物。 根据上文“Birds can see colours”可知，此处指它们具备看见颜色的能力。 10．句意：因为它们能看见颜色，所以它们能轻易地找到食物，并且查明是否有其他对它们有危险的动物。 根据空后“if there are other animals that are dangerous to them”可知，此处表示查明是否有危险动物，应用find out。work out“计算出”，put out“扑灭”，hand out“分发”均不符合。 Passage 3 Now we are visiting an ocean park and learning something about whales. We know whales live in the sea. Are they 1 ? A worker in the ocean park gives us the answer, “Whales live in the ocean and 2 fish, but they aren’t fish.” We are really 3 when we see such big whales. However, how big are they really? Another worker tells us, “Blue whales are the 4 of all kinds of whales. They are even one of the biggest animals on the earth. Most of them are more than 30 meters long and each of them 5 up to about 130 tons.” We also learn about some interesting 6 about whales. Whales feed on sea life. Some eat seals (海豹) and fish and some eat sea plants. Whales can’t breathe under the sea themselves, 7 they need to jump out of water often. Are whales in danger? Some kinds of whales are in danger because people 8 them for meat, fat and oil. To 9 whales, people should stop killing them and polluting (污染) the 10 . Our visit has taught us a lot about our fantastic friends—whales. 1．A．plants B．vegetables C．fish D．fruit 2．A．feel free B．look like C．care about D．think alike 3．A．surprised B．sleepy C．disappointed D．lively 4．A．tallest B．fastest C．biggest D．strongest 5．A．weighs B．carries C．lists D．swims 6．A．stories B．notes C．events D．facts 7．A．but B．and C．so D．or 8．A．catch B．order C．build D．keep 9．A．kill B．practice C．protect D．prepare 10．A．land B．ocean C．sky D．mountains 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文介绍了作者参观海洋公园了解鲸鱼的情况，包括鲸鱼的种类、大小、习性以及保护鲸鱼的重要性。 【详解】1．句意：它们是鱼吗？ 根据下文“but they aren’t fish”可知，此处询问是否是鱼，“fish鱼”符合语境。“plants植物；vegetables蔬菜；fruit水果”不符合语境。 2．句意：海洋公园的一位工作人员给我们解答道：“鲸鱼生活在海洋里，看起来像鱼。” 根据“but they aren’t fish”转折，说明外表相似，“look like看起来像”符合语境。“feel free感觉自由；care about关心；think alike想法相同”语意不通。 3．句意：看到这么大的鲸鱼，我们真的很惊讶。 见到巨大生物通常感到惊讶，“surprised惊讶的”符合语境。“sleepy困倦的；disappointed失望的；lively活泼的”不符合常理。 4．句意：另一位工人告诉我们：“蓝鲸是所有鲸鱼中最大的。大多数长度超过30米，每只重达约130吨。” 根据下文“biggest animals”可知，蓝鲸是所有鲸鱼中最大的，“biggest最大的”符合语境。“tallest最高的；fastest最快的；strongest最强壮的”与下文不符。 5．句意：另一位工人告诉我们：“蓝鲸是所有鲸鱼中最大的。大多数长度超过30米，每只重达约130吨。” “130 tons”指重量，“weighs重”符合语境。“carries携带；lists列表；swims游泳”无法搭配吨位。 6．句意：我们也了解了一些关于鲸鱼的有趣事实。 下文介绍的是习性事实，“facts事实”符合语境。“stories故事；notes笔记；events事件”不符合科普内容。 7．句意：鲸鱼不能在水下呼吸，所以它们需要经常跳出水面。 前后是因果关系，“so所以”符合语境。“but但是；and和；or或者”逻辑不通。 8．句意：有些种类的鲸鱼处于危险之中，因为人们捕捉它们获取肉、脂肪和油。 捕鲸是为了获取产品，“catch捕捉”符合语境。“order命令；build建造；keep保持”语意不符。 9．句意：为了保护鲸鱼，人们应该停止杀戮，并且停止污染海洋。 停止杀戮是为了保护，“protect保护”符合语境。“kill杀；practice练习；prepare准备”与目的相反或无关。 10．句意：为了保护鲸鱼，人们应该停止杀戮，并且停止污染海洋。 鲸鱼生活在海洋中，“ocean海洋”符合语境。“land陆地；sky天空；mountains山脉”与鲸鱼生存环境无关。 Passage 4 In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼), Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship (宇宙飞船) 1 April 25. Since then, they have been living in a(n) 2 fish tank (缸) with some plants. The fish 3 and had babies in 43 days. In their special closed environment, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste (排泄物) 4 the plants with food. The scientists offered the fish food through a 5 needle (针), very different from usual ones. Such a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and 6 . The scientists 7 found that the zebrafish acted differently than on Earth in many ways. 8 , they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. While on Earth, gravity pulls 9 to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. In order to live against (对抗) gravity, they have to work harder and become 10 , said The Conversation. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health. 1．A．in B．on C．at D．during 2．A．open B．quiet C．clean D．closed 3．A．grew up B．put up C．woke up D．looked up 4．A．gave B．showed C．provided D．offered 5．A．special B．slight C．serious D．shiny 6．A．hard B．quickly C．slowly D．easily 7．A．still B．also C．even D．too 8．A．In the beginning B．As a result C．In fact D．For example 9．A．everybody B．everything C．nothing D．nobody 10．A．smaller B．weaker C．stronger D．heavier 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国科学家在太空实验中成功让斑马鱼在封闭生态系统存活繁殖，该系统对太空研究意义重大，还发现斑马鱼在太空的特殊行为。 【详解】1．句意：斑马鱼于4月25日搭乘神舟十八号宇宙飞船前往中国空间站。 in在（较长时间）；on在（具体日期）；at在（时间点）；during在……期间。根据“April 25”是具体日期，用介词“on”，故选B。 2．句意：从那以后，它们一直生活在一个带有植物的封闭鱼缸里。 open开放的；quiet安静的；clean干净的；closed封闭的。根据前文“closed water world”及后文“closed-loop ecosystem”，可知鱼缸是“封闭的”，故选D。 3．句意：这些鱼在43天内长大并繁殖了后代。 grew up长大；put up搭建；woke up醒来；looked up查阅。根据“had babies”可知，鱼完成了生长到繁殖的过程，“grew up”符合生长的逻辑，故选A。 4．句意：在他们特殊的封闭环境中，植物为鱼制造空气，而鱼的排泄物为植物提供养分。 gave给予；showed展示；provided提供；offered主动提供。根据“...the plants with food”可知，此处为固定搭配“provide sb. with sth.”，意为“为……提供某物”，故选C。 5．句意：科学家通过一根特殊的针管给鱼喂食，和普通针管大不相同。 special特殊的；slight轻微的；serious严肃的；shiny闪亮的。根据“very different from usual ones”，可知这根针管是“特殊的”，故选A。 6．句意：这意味着动植物能更简单、更轻松地在太空生存。 hard困难的；quickly快速地；slowly缓慢地；easily轻松地。根据“more simply”，可知此处是并列的积极描述，“easily”符合语境，故选D。 7．句意：科学家还发现，斑马鱼在很多方面的行为与在地球上不同。 still仍然；also也；even甚至；too也。前文讲了封闭生态系统的意义，此处是额外的发现，“also”用于句中表“也”，符合语境；“too”需置于句末，所以不能用于此处，故选B。 8．句意：例如，它们经常仰着游泳。 In the beginning起初；As a result结果；In fact事实上；For example例如。前文说“acted differently”，此处“仰泳”是具体例子，“For example”用于举例，故选D。 9．句意：而在地球上，引力将所有物体拉向地心，动物能轻易辨别方向。 everybody每个人；everything所有物体；nothing没有事物；nobody没有人。根据“gravity pulls...to Earth’s center”，引力作用的对象是“所有物体”，而非仅针对人，故选B。 10．句意：《对话》介绍说，为了对抗引力生存，它们不得不更努力，从而变得更强壮。 smaller更小；weaker更虚弱；stronger更强壮；heavier更重。根据“work harder”，可知对抗引力的结果是“更强壮”，故选C。 Passage 5 Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? 1 ? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all 2 with each other. We cannot live alone, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination (授粉). On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. They take pollen with 3 as they fly from one flower to another. This action helps plants grow. In fact, 4 their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this 5 , many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to 6 honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is 7 they communicate. When a bee 8 some new food, it uses a dance to tell the others the direction of the food. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 9 , the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried about it. Bees now need our help, and there is a lot we can do to 10 them. Think about what you can do for one of the most amazing animals on earth. 1．A．Patient B．Surprised C．Relaxed D．Lonely 2．A．connected B．divided C．balanced D．filled 3．A．it B．you C．us D．them 4．A．with B．without C．like D．unlike 5．A．chance B．result C．reason D．goal 6．A．use B．taste C．enjoy D．store 7．A．when B．how C．where D．why 8．A．finds B．takes C．provides D．returns 9．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover 10．A．protect B．guide C．develop D．improve 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文介绍了蜜蜂在生态系统中的重要作用、生活习性，以及蜜蜂数量减少的现状，呼吁人们保护蜜蜂。 【详解】1．句意：你会感到惊讶吗？ Patient耐心的；Surprised惊讶的；Relaxed放松的；Lonely孤独的。根据“Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate.”可知，设想超市里几乎没有这些常见商品，第一反应会是惊讶，此处指感到惊讶。故选B。 2．句意：这时你会意识到人类、植物和动物都是相互联系的。 connected联系；divided分开；balanced平衡；filled充满。根据“We cannot live alone, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection.”可知，此处指生物之间是相互联系的。故选A。 3．句意：当它们从一朵花飞到另一朵花时，它们随身带着花粉。 it它；you你；us我们；them它们。根据“They take pollen with...as they fly from one flower to another.”可知，句子主语为they，指代蜜蜂，介词后使用人称代词宾格形式，此处指蜜蜂随身携带花粉。故选D。 4．句意：事实上，没有它们的工作，世界上大约80%的植物无法生长。 with有；without没有；like像；unlike不像。根据“their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow”可知，此处指没有蜜蜂的授粉工作，很多植物无法生长。故选B。 5．句意：出于这个原因，许多科学家认为蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物。 chance机会；result结果；reason原因；goal目标。根据“many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet”可知，这是基于前文蜜蜂作用得出的结论，for this reason是固定搭配，意为“出于这个原因”。故选C。 6．句意：为了储存蜂蜜，它们会建造蜂巢。 use使用；taste品尝；enjoy享受；store储存。根据“they create honeycombs”可知，蜂巢的作用是储存蜂蜜，此处指储存蜂蜜。故选D。 7．句意：蜜蜂另一个有趣的地方是它们如何交流。 when何时；how如何；where哪里；why为什么。根据“When a bee...some new food, it uses a dance to tell the others the direction of the food.”可知，此处介绍蜜蜂交流的方式，指如何交流。故选B。 8．句意：当一只蜜蜂发现一些新的食物时，它会用舞蹈告诉其他蜜蜂食物的方向。 finds发现；takes带走；provides提供；returns返回。根据“it uses a dance to tell the others the direction of the food”可知，是先发现食物再传递信息，此处指发现食物。故选A。 9．句意：然而，蜜蜂的数量正在减少，科学家们对此感到担忧。 Therefore因此；Instead相反；However然而；Moreover此外。根据“Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet...the number of bees is dropping”可知，前文讲蜜蜂很重要，后文讲数量减少，两者是转折关系，此处指然而。故选C。 10．句意：蜜蜂现在需要我们的帮助，我们可以做很多事情来保护它们。 protect保护；guide引导；develop发展；improve改善。根据“the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried about it”可知，蜜蜂数量减少，需要人们保护，此处指保护蜜蜂。故选A。 Passage 6 Every morning, as sunlight shines on the Qilian Mountains, Ma Cunxin begins his busy day. He feeds the rescued (被救助的) wild animals and takes care of their 1 . After that, he cleans their living places carefully. Ma works at a wildlife protection station in Qilian Mountain National Park in Qinghai. He and other workers offer 2 to not only wounded animals but also baby animals. Most of them lose their mothers. Moreover, Ma and other workers remember each animal’s story clearly. “People often think wild animals are strong enough to survive in the wild,” Ma said. “But the truth is, without their mothers, life is very difficult for these young and 3 animals.” “Taking care of them is just 4 raising a child. We have to feed them milk at night. With love and care, they can 5 healthily.” So far, the station has saved over 200 wild animals from 36 types. The station does more than just 6 living places and care for those animals. It also gives them a second chance to live in the wild. “ 7 we help one animal return to the wild, it may have babies. This will help 8 the number of wild animals,“ Ma said. With the workers’ help, 43 animals from 17 types have returned to the wild. Education is another part of the station’s work. When students make study tours of the station, Ma and other workers introduce 9 about wild animals to them. “I think our work is very 10 . We can help the young learn more about wild animals and understand the situation they’re facing,” Ma said. 1．A．signs B．differences C．voices D．wounds 2．A．help B．hope C．advice D．shade 3．A．weak B．awful C．lazy D．crazy 4．A．for B．with C．like D．against 5．A．calm down B．grow up C．give up D．pass by 6．A．buying B．mixing C．ordering D．providing 7．A．If B．As C．So D．Before 8．A．increase B．check C．count D．divide 9．A．jokes B．knowledge C．experience D．methods 10．A．dangerous B．impossible C．boring D．meaningful 【答案】 1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．A 9．B 10．D 【导语】本文是记叙文，讲述了马和同事在祁连山救助照料野生动物，还通过科普让学生了解它们。 【详解】1．句意：他投喂获救的野生动物，并照料它们的伤口。 前文提到“the rescued (被救助的) wild animals”这些是被救助的野生动物，喂食之后自然要照料它们的wounds“伤口”。signs“标志”、differences“差异”和照料动物的动作无关；voices“声音”不符合救助场景的逻辑。 2．句意：他和其他工作人员不仅救助受伤动物，也为幼兽提供帮扶。 固定搭配offer help to…意为“向……提供帮助”，对应后文照料受伤动物、失去母亲的幼崽的行为。hope“希望”不符合保护区的实际工作内容；advice“建议”无法用在动物身上；shade“阴凉处”和后文描述的照料行为不匹配。 3．句意：但事实是，失去母亲后，这些弱小幼兽的生存十分艰难。 前文提到“没有母亲”，这类幼崽是年幼且虚弱的，weak“虚弱的”符合语境。awful“糟糕的”、lazy“懒惰的”、crazy“疯狂的”都不是没有母亲的幼崽在野外的核心状态。 4．句意：照料它们就如同养育孩子一般。 固定搭配just like意为“就像”，这句话把照料幼崽的过程类比成养孩子。for“为了”、with“和”、against“反对”都无法构成符合语义的类比表达。 5．句意：在悉心呵护下，它们能够健康长大。 前文提到“With love and care”，此处要表达在关爱和照料下，这些幼崽可以健康长大，应使用grow up“长大”。calm down“冷静下来”、give up“放弃”、pass by“路过”完全不符合幼崽被照料后的成长逻辑。 6．句意：救助站不仅仅为这些动物提供栖息场所与照料。 该空与后面的 care for those animals 并列，四个选项都是 -ing 形式，构成 do more than just doing sth. 的结构，须选能与 living places 搭配的动词：provide living places 意为“提供栖息场所”。buying“购买”、mixing“混合”、ordering“订购”都和“给动物提供栖息地”的语义完全相悖。 7．句意：如果我们能让一只动物回归野外，它就有可能繁衍后代。 根据前文“…we help one animal return to the wild, it may have babies.”，这里是条件状语从句，表达“如果我们帮助一只动物回归野外”的假设逻辑，应使用If“如果”。As“当……/因为”、So“所以”、Before“在……之前”都无法贴合这个假设句的逻辑关系。 8．句意：这将有助于提升野生动物的种群数量。 根据前文“…we help one animal return to the wild, it may have babies.”，动物回归野外后繁衍后代，自然会增加野生动物的种群数量，应使用increase“增加”。check“检查”、count“计数”、divide“划分”都不符合“繁衍后种群规模变化”的语义。 9．句意：马师傅和其他工作人员向学生们科普野生动物相关知识。 根据前文“Education is another part of the station’s work. When students make study tours of the station, Ma and other workers introduce…about wild animals to them.”，此处要表达保护区的工作人员向参观研学的学生介绍关于野生动物的知识，应使用knowledge“知识”。jokes“玩笑”不符合科普研学的场景；experience“经历，不可数”不能和后面about的内容匹配；methods“方法”不符合给学生科普的核心内容。 10．句意：我认为我们所做的工作十分有意义。 根据下文“We can help the young learn more about wild animals and understand the situation they’re facing,”，工作人员认为这份能让年轻人了解野生动物的工作是非常有意义的，meaningful“有意义的”符合语境。dangerous“危险的”、impossible“不可能的”、boring“无聊的”都和后文对工作价值的正向描述完全矛盾。 Passage 7 When my daughter was in primary school, she brought home four small twigs (嫩枝) one day. Her school gave these twigs to the students to 1 . None of them looked very strong, but with 2 for the future, I planted them in our backyard. Over the years, because of an accident with the lawnmower (割草机) and poor soil (土壤), 3 of them died. Only one grew crooked (弯弯曲曲的) and very slowly. It never got very tall. In the end, it looked more 4 a fat bush than a tree. A few years ago, I noticed that it was starting to 5 . The lower branches (树枝) were becoming bare (光秃的). I did my best to save it by feeding it a lot of fertilizer (肥料), but it didn’t work. One morning I went into the yard and looked at it again. I was wondering if it would be better to just cut it 6 . It would make mowing the lawn easier. As I walked over to take a closer look at it, however, I noticed something moving in the leaves. It was a robin (知更鸟) building a nest 7 the top branches. I smiled when I saw it. I thought maybe this old tree was not 8 . It might not be healthy or pretty, 9 it was still giving a bird a home. This tree made me know that all of our lives have a purpose. It doesn’t matter if we are young and strong or old and sick. Until the end of our lives, we have things to do, love to give, and joy to share. We can help to make this world a 10 and more beautiful place. 1．A．plant B．protect C．clean D．sell 2．A．fear B．luck C．plan D．hope 3．A．two B．three C．none D．all 4．A．as B．of C．like D．with 5．A．die B．fall C．shake D．move 6．A．off B．up C．out D．down 7．A．on B．in C．at D．over 8．A．gone B．dead C．lost D．alive 9．A．and B．but C．so D．for 10．A．great B．better C．worse D．best 【答案】 1．A 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者种下女儿带回的树枝，其中一棵长势不佳且濒临枯死，但作者发现有鸟在上面筑巢，从而感悟到每个生命都有其存在的意义和价值。 【详解】1．句意：她的学校把这些嫩枝给学生们去种植。 根据后文“I planted them in our backyard.”可知，学校发嫩枝是为了让学生种植，用plant。protect保护、clean打扫、sell售卖，均不符合拿嫩枝栽种的语境。 2．句意：它们中没有一个看起来很强壮，但带着对未来的希望，我把它们种在了我们家的后院。 结合语境，种下嫩枝是怀揣期许，用hope。 fear害怕、luck运气、plan计划，都不符合此时的心情。 3．句意：多年来，因为割草机事故和贫瘠的土壤，其中三棵死了。 根据前文“four small twigs”和后文“Only one grew crooked”可知，四根树枝中只有一棵存活，所以死了三棵用three。 4．句意：最后，它看起来更像一丛胖胖的灌木而不是一棵树。 固定搭配look like，意为“看起来像”。 其他选项都不能搭配这个固定结构。 5．句意：几年前，我注意到它开始枯死。 根据后文“The lower branches were becoming bare”以及“save it”可知，这棵树的状况很差，开始枯死，用die。fall掉落、shake摇晃、move移动，都和树枝光秃的状态不匹配。 6．句意：我想是不是把它砍倒更好。 cut down是固定短语，意思是砍倒。cut off切断、cut up切碎、cut out剪下，都不符合砍掉树木的语境。 7．句意：是一只知更鸟在顶部的树枝上筑巢。 鸟在树枝上筑巢，接触树枝表面，应用介词on。其他选项均不符合语境。 8．句意：我想也许这棵老树还没死。 小鸟在树上筑巢，说明它还有存在的意义，并没有消亡，用dead。gone离开的、lost丢失的、alive活着的，不符合语境。 9．句意：它可能不健康也不漂亮，但它仍然给了一只鸟一个家。 前后两个分句是转折关系，but表示“但是”。and表并列、so表结果、for表原因，逻辑不通。 10．句意：我们可以帮助让这个世界成为一个更好更美丽的地方。 and连接并列的比较级，用better与more beautiful并列。worse虽为比较级，但语义与语境不符。 Passage 8 It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We didn’t have rain for almost a month. The crops were dying. The rivers were drying. Every day, my husband 1 to get water to the fields. We would lose 2 if we couldn’t see any rain soon. However, it was on this day that I learned the true lesson of 3 . I was in the kitchen making lunch when I saw my 6-year-old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was walking 4 , trying not to fall over. Minutes after he disappeared (消失) into the 5 , he ran back. Moments later, he was once again walking toward the woods. This activity went on for an hour—walked carefully to the woods and ran back to the house. Finally I couldn’t wait any longer and I walked out of the house and 6 him. Then I saw the most amazing thing. Several big deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground. It was terribly 7 . It lifted its head to lap up (舔) the water in my beautiful boy’s hands. When the water was gone, Billy jumped back and ran back to the house. It became quite 8 to me what my son was doing. I stood there and 9 my kind boy working so hard to save another life. I was there in front of him. His little eyes were just filled with tears. “I’m not wasting 10 ,” he was crying. As the tears from my eyes began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops...more drops...and more. All I could say is that the rain that came that day saved our farm...just like the actions of one little boy saved the deer. 1．A．decided B．chose C．tried D．offered 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．asking B．sharing C．receiving D．sending 4．A．slowly B．quickly C．angrily D．carelessly 5．A．plants B．flowers C．vegetables D．woods 6．A．walked B．followed C．ran D．jumped 7．A．hungry B．thirsty C．excited D．worried 8．A．comfortable B．clear C．possible D．easy 9．A．heard B．looked C．watched D．thought 10．A．water B．time C．food D．energy 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．B 9．C 10．A 【导语】本文讲述在干旱季节，作者发现儿子反复端水去树林救助一只脱水小鹿，儿子说自己没有浪费水，就在这时天降大雨拯救了农场的故事。 【详解】1．句意：每天，我的丈夫都尽力把水送到田里。 根据前文庄稼快要枯死，丈夫努力取水浇田，try to do sth.“尽力做某事”符合语境；decide决定，choose选择，offer主动提供，都不符合干旱取水的语境。 2．句意：如果很快再不下雨，我们将会失去一切。 干旱持续，庄稼河流都干涸，不下雨就会失去所有东西，everything“一切”符合语境；something某物，anything任何东西，nothing没有东西，不符合语境。 3．句意：然而，就在这一天我学到了关于分享的真正一课。 后文儿子把珍贵的水分给小鹿喝，是分享的行为，sharing“分享”符合语境；asking询问，receiving接收，sending寄送，不符合文意。 4．句意：他走得很慢，努力不摔倒。 后文写他小心走路，捧着水，所以走得slowly“缓慢地”；quickly快速地，angrily生气地，carelessly粗心地，都不对。 5．句意：他消失在树林里几分钟后，又跑了回来。 前文提到儿子走向树林，所以是在树林里，填“woods”；plants植物，flowers花，vegetables蔬菜，不符合原文。 6．句意：最后我再也等不下去，走出房子跟着他。 作者好奇儿子的举动，出门跟随他，followed“跟随”符合语境；walked走路，ran跑，jumped跳，不能体现悄悄跟着观察的含义。 7．句意：它非常渴。 小鹿抬起头舔男孩手里的水，说明小鹿“口渴”，thirsty表示“渴的”，符合题意；hungry饥饿的，excited兴奋的，worried担忧的，不符合。 8．句意：我一下子清楚儿子正在做什么。 看到小鹿喝水，作者明白了儿子的行为，clear在这里表示“清晰、明了”；comfortable舒适的，possible可能的，easy容易的，不符。 9．句意：我站在那里，看着我善良的男孩努力拯救另一个生命。 作者站在原地观看男孩救小鹿，watched“观看（持续看）”符合语境；heard听见，looked看（后面要加at），thought认为，语法和语义不合适。 10．句意：“我没有浪费水。”他哭着说。 干旱缺水，男孩把水给小鹿，他认为自己不是在浪费“水”，water“水”与句意符合；time时间，food食物，energy能量，和故事核心缺水情节不符。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题01 完形填空 第五单元测试题型特训（南京专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 “完形填空”是语言知识运用板块中综合性最强的一道题：一篇 159–298 词的短文留出 10 个空，每空四个选项。完形的四个选项往往词性相同、词义相近，单看空格所在句往往定不了答案，必须回到上下文找复现、同义替换或逻辑线索。它同时考查词汇、语法和语篇理解，是拉开分差的关键题。 二、命题形式与题量 以“短文＋设空”的形式呈现，每篇设 10 个空，每空四选一；本次特训共 8 篇、80 题，正文词数在 159–298 词之间（最短一篇 159 词，最长一篇 298 词）。 设空以实词为主，平均每 15–25 词设一空，首句通常不设空，以保证背景信息完整、便于考生先定主题。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 80 题梳理） 通过逐题梳理本次特训的 80 道题，考点集中在以下七类： （1）动词辨析（12 题，约 15%）：包括动词词义辨析（plan / plant / die / fall / catch / protect / store 等）和短语动词（grow up / cut down / run away / find out 等），需结合上下文动作链判断，如 Passage 8 题 9 选 watched 而非 heard / looked。 （2）名词辨析（11 题，约 14%）：以抽象名词和话题词为主（hope / facts / food / reason / water / knowledge 等），多需结合全文主题判断，如 Passage 5 题 5 选 reason 是因为后文给出“蜜蜂授粉”这一原因。 （3）形容词与副词辨析（9 题，约 11%）：包括情感形容词（surprised / frightened / thirsty）、评价形容词（clear / alive / special）和方式副词（slowly / quietly / easily / clearly），如 Passage 1 题 8 选 quietly 与前文“take no notice”呼应。 （4）介词与固定搭配（10 题，约 12%）：包括介词辨析（in / on / at / like / without / with）和固定搭配（cut down / turn on / look like / feed on / lap up），如 Passage 6 题 4 选 like 构成“just like raising a child”。 （5）连词与逻辑关系词（7 题，约 9%）：根据上下文因果、转折、条件、举例等逻辑关系判断（but / so / if / when / however / therefore / for example），如 Passage 5 题 9 选 However 表转折。 （6）代词（3 题，约 4%）：人称代词宾格（them）、不定代词（other / others / another / any）的指代与搭配，如 Passage 1 题 5 选 other 接复数名词。 （7）疑问词与数词等（3 题，约 4%）：how far / how soon 等疑问短语辨析、数词固定搭配（three / two / none / all），如 Passage 2 题 1 选 how far 测量距离。 四、难度与趋势 整体难度中等偏上：文章题材多样（野生动物保护、太空实验、蜜蜂生态、鸟类视觉、亲情故事等），生词量适中，读通不难。真正的区分点在“四个词都认识，却选不对”——答案线索往往藏在上下文的复现词或逻辑关系里。近年完形填空呈现三个趋势：一是动词与名词辨析比例上升，单纯语法题减少；二是线索距离拉长，答案可能在空格前数句甚至全文主题句中；三是话题更贴近现实生活与社会热点（如航天科技、生态保护）。 一、四步解题法 第一步　通读首句，定主题与基调。完形首句一般不设空，是全文的“定盘星”。先用十秒钟读首句和末句，判断文章是记叙还是说明、情感是褒还是贬，后面所有选择都以这个基调为准。 第二步　逐空试填，先易后难。第一遍只填有把握的空（固定搭配、复现词、明显的逻辑词），把难题标记后跳过。不要在一两个空上反复纠缠，因为后面的题目往往会为前面的空提供线索。 第三步　回读上下文，找线索排除。对没把握的空，把四个选项逐一代入，看哪个与前后句的复现词、同义替换或逻辑关系吻合。完形的答案线索常在空格之后的一句甚至一段之后。 第四步　代入复查，确保语法正确——语意通顺。把所有答案代回原文通读一遍，检查时态、主谓一致、搭配是否正确，语意是否连贯。特别注意固定搭配中的介词和动词形式。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】动词辨析看“动作链”——以 Passage 8 题 9 为例：原文写道“I stood there and”，空处位于 and 之后、my kind boy 之前，需要一个动词与 stood 并列。该句描述“我站在那里____我善良的儿子努力拯救另一个生命”，watch 强调“注视全过程”，比 heard（听见）和 looked（看，需接 at）更贴合语境，故选 C（watched）。提醒：动词辨析先看能否与前后动词构成并列或递进的“动作链”，再辨词义细微差别。 【点拨2】名词辨析抓“复现与主题”——以 Passage 6 题 1 为例：原文写道“He feeds the rescued (被救助的) wild animals and takes care of their”，空处位于 their 之后，需要一个名词与 takes care of 构成搭配。第二段又写“not only wounded animals but also baby animals”，wounded（受伤的）与空处的 wounds（伤口）是同根词复现，可见照料的核心正是伤口；后文“cleans their living places”是紧接着的日常照料动作。signs（标志）、differences（差异）、voices（声音）都与“救助—照料”的场景不搭，故选 D。提醒：名词辨析先在上下文找复现词或同义替换——本空就是靠 wounded 与 wounds 的同根复现锁定。 【点拨3】形容词辨析看“情感指向”——以 Passage 3 题 3 为例：原文写道“We are really”，空处位于 really 之后、when we see such big whales 之前，需要一个形容词描述“看到如此大的鲸鱼”时的感受。看到庞然大物自然感到“惊讶”，surprised 描述人的感受，故选 A。提醒：-ed 形容词描述人的感受，-ing 形容词描述事物特征，先判断修饰对象再选词。 【点拨4】固定搭配与介词辨析——以 Passage 4 题 1 为例：原文写道“The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship”，空处位于 spaceship 之后、April 25 之前，需要一个时间介词。具体日期前用 on，故选 B。提醒：时间介词的选用规则——at → 时刻，on → 具体某天/日期，in → 年/月/季节，during → 期间；固定搭配中的介词不可替换，需熟记。 【点拨5】连词与逻辑关系词——以 Passage 5 题 9 为例：原文写道“the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried about it”，空处位于句首、the number of bees 之前，需要一个逻辑连接词。前文说蜜蜂在生态系统中很重要，后文说蜜蜂数量在下降，前后构成转折关系，however 表转折且用逗号隔开，故选 C。提醒：先判断前后句的逻辑关系（因果 so/therefore、转折 but/however、条件 if、举例 for example），再选对应的连接词。 【点拨6】代词指代与搭配——以 Passage 1 题 5 为例：原文写道“Lions and tigers only kill and eat men when they have grown too old and too weak to catch their usual”，空处位于 usual 之后、such as deer and 之前，需要一个限定词修饰 small animals。other 后接复数名词表示“其他的”，another 后接单数名词，others 后不能再接名词，故选 B（other）。提醒：other / others / another / any 的区别——other + 复数名词，another + 单数名词，others = other + 名词（独立使用），any 用于否定/疑问。 【点拨7】比较级看“than”标志——以 Passage 2 题 7 为例：原文写道“Some birds’ eyesight is”，空处位于 is 之后、than people’s 之前，需要一个比较级形容词。后文“They can see small insects when they fly in the sky”说明鸟的视力优于人类，better 是 good 的比较级，故选 D。提醒：看到 than 就要找比较级；同时注意 the + 最高级、much / even + 比较级等标志词。 【点拨8】疑问词辨析看“回答方式”——以 Passage 2 题 1 为例：原文写道“Birds can see colours, just as people do. Birds need to see colours when they fly because they need to find places to land”，后文说鸟类靠颜色判断距离和安全着陆，问的是“鸟看颜色能判断多远”，how far 问距离，故选 B。提醒：how soon 问多久以后，how far 问距离，how long 问时长/长度，how fast 问速度；先看回答方式再选疑问词。 三、易错提醒 看到四个选项词性相同就凭语感选——完形的四个选项往往同词性，必须回到上下文找线索，不能只读空格所在句。 只读空格所在句，不读前后句——本次多题的线索都在空格之后甚至下一段（如 Passage 5 题 5 的 reason 要等后文“蜜蜂授粉”才出现）。 把“复现词”当正确答案——原文出现过的词不一定就是答案，要结合语境判断是否“换了说法”。 忽略固定搭配中的介词——cut down / look like / feed on 等搭配中的介词不可替换，代入时要整体读一遍。 连词题只看空格前后两个词——要读完整的前后两句，判断逻辑关系是因果、转折还是条件，再选连接词。 Passage 1 Some people think that all wild animals are dangerous. But in fact, very few of them will 1 a man if he leaves them alone. If you meet a lion or an elephant, I guess you will 2 ; but even a lion will avoid (躲避) a man if it is not very 3 . Lions and tigers only kill and eat men when they have grown too old and too weak to catch their usual 4 such as deer and 5 small animals. If you see a wild elephant, perhaps you will be 6 . However, elephants usually run away at once if you don’t attack them. Some animals get very frightened if they only smell a man, some stand and look at him for a moment 7 they run away, some take no notice at all but walk away 8 in another direction. Wild animals only attack 9 when they are afraid that people want to harm (伤害) their 10 or when the hunters shoot at them and make them angry. 1．A．bite B．attack C．protect D．hide 2．A．come nearer B．break down C．stay alive D．run away 3．A．thirsty B．excited C．tired D．hungry 4．A．food B．fish C．things D．drinks 5．A．others B．other C．another D．any 6．A．excited B．pleased C．frightened D．angry 7．A．before B．after C．as soon as D．while 8．A．luckily B．noisily C．quietly D．loudly 9．A．dogs B．people C．children D．other 10．A．neighbours B．friends C．young babies D．parents Passage 2 Birds can see colours, just as people do. Birds need to see colours when they fly because they need to find places to land (着陆). Colours help them know 1 the place is and what it is like so that they can catch flying things in the air or land on something they think safe. Birds can “tell” the differences between colours. But for some 2 animals, such as wolves, the world looks like a black and white photo. Wolves look for food mainly by 3 . They can hear 4 when the animals they hunt move. But other animals seem to know this. For example, a rabbit will stop moving when it finds there is something 5 . Then the wolves 6 not find it at all. However, birds are better than wolves in these ways. They can see dead insects from far away. Some birds’ eyesight is 7 than people’s. They can see small insects 8 they fly in the sky. Because they are able to 9 colours, they can find food easily and 10 if (是否) there are other animals that are dangerous to them. 1．A．how soon B．how far C．how long D．how fast 2．A．other B．another C．others D．the other 3．A．shouting B．listening C．eating D．moving 4．A．hardly B．slowly C．nearly D．clearly 5．A．dangerous B．safe C．slow D．fast 6．A．should B．must C．may D．need 7．A．bigger B．smaller C．worse D．better 8．A．when B．till C．where D．how 9．A．paint B．see C．read D．watch 10．A．work out B．find out C．put out D．hand out Passage 3 Now we are visiting an ocean park and learning something about whales. We know whales live in the sea. Are they 1 ? A worker in the ocean park gives us the answer, “Whales live in the ocean and 2 fish, but they aren’t fish.” We are really 3 when we see such big whales. However, how big are they really? Another worker tells us, “Blue whales are the 4 of all kinds of whales. They are even one of the biggest animals on the earth. Most of them are more than 30 meters long and each of them 5 up to about 130 tons.” We also learn about some interesting 6 about whales. Whales feed on sea life. Some eat seals (海豹) and fish and some eat sea plants. Whales can’t breathe under the sea themselves, 7 they need to jump out of water often. Are whales in danger? Some kinds of whales are in danger because people 8 them for meat, fat and oil. To 9 whales, people should stop killing them and polluting (污染) the 10 . Our visit has taught us a lot about our fantastic friends—whales. 1．A．plants B．vegetables C．fish D．fruit 2．A．feel free B．look like C．care about D．think alike 3．A．surprised B．sleepy C．disappointed D．lively 4．A．tallest B．fastest C．biggest D．strongest 5．A．weighs B．carries C．lists D．swims 6．A．stories B．notes C．events D．facts 7．A．but B．and C．so D．or 8．A．catch B．order C．build D．keep 9．A．kill B．practice C．protect D．prepare 10．A．land B．ocean C．sky D．mountains Passage 4 In a space study on zebrafish (斑马鱼), Chinese scientists have set a new record. They successfully got four zebrafish to live and grow in a closed water world. The zebrafish went to China’s space station on the Shenzhou XVIII spaceship (宇宙飞船) 1 April 25. Since then, they have been living in a(n) 2 fish tank (缸) with some plants. The fish 3 and had babies in 43 days. In their special closed environment, the plants made air for the fish and the fish’s waste (排泄物) 4 the plants with food. The scientists offered the fish food through a 5 needle (针), very different from usual ones. Such a closed-loop ecosystem (封闭生态系统) is important for future studies in space. It means that plants and animals can live in space more simply and 6 . The scientists 7 found that the zebrafish acted differently than on Earth in many ways. 8 , they often swam on their backs. The low gravity (重力) in space is a big reason. While on Earth, gravity pulls 9 to Earth’s center, and animals can find their way easily. In order to live against (对抗) gravity, they have to work harder and become 10 , said The Conversation. Humans and zebrafish share 70 percent of the same genes (基因). So the new finding will help scientists better understand human health. 1．A．in B．on C．at D．during 2．A．open B．quiet C．clean D．closed 3．A．grew up B．put up C．woke up D．looked up 4．A．gave B．showed C．provided D．offered 5．A．special B．slight C．serious D．shiny 6．A．hard B．quickly C．slowly D．easily 7．A．still B．also C．even D．too 8．A．In the beginning B．As a result C．In fact D．For example 9．A．everybody B．everything C．nothing D．nobody 10．A．smaller B．weaker C．stronger D．heavier Passage 5 Imagine you go to the supermarket in your area, but there are almost no fruits, vegetables, honey, milk, eggs, or chocolate. How would you feel? 1 ? Angry? Sad? At this moment you realize people, plants, and animals are all 2 with each other. We cannot live alone, and bees are one of the best examples of this connection. Bees are very hard-working animals, and their greatest work is pollination (授粉). On one trip, they often visit 50 to 100 flowers. They take pollen with 3 as they fly from one flower to another. This action helps plants grow. In fact, 4 their work, about 80 percent of the plants in the world cannot grow. For this 5 , many scientists believe that bees are the most important animals on this planet. Bees are also one of the most interesting animals in the world. For example, they work hard together to make their homes. In order to 6 honey, they create honeycombs. Another interesting thing about bees is 7 they communicate. When a bee 8 some new food, it uses a dance to tell the others the direction of the food. Bees play an important part in the ecosystem of our planet. 9 , the number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried about it. Bees now need our help, and there is a lot we can do to 10 them. Think about what you can do for one of the most amazing animals on earth. 1．A．Patient B．Surprised C．Relaxed D．Lonely 2．A．connected B．divided C．balanced D．filled 3．A．it B．you C．us D．them 4．A．with B．without C．like D．unlike 5．A．chance B．result C．reason D．goal 6．A．use B．taste C．enjoy D．store 7．A．when B．how C．where D．why 8．A．finds B．takes C．provides D．returns 9．A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Moreover 10．A．protect B．guide C．develop D．improve Passage 6 Every morning, as sunlight shines on the Qilian Mountains, Ma Cunxin begins his busy day. He feeds the rescued (被救助的) wild animals and takes care of their 1 . After that, he cleans their living places carefully. Ma works at a wildlife protection station in Qilian Mountain National Park in Qinghai. He and other workers offer 2 to not only wounded animals but also baby animals. Most of them lose their mothers. Moreover, Ma and other workers remember each animal’s story clearly. “People often think wild animals are strong enough to survive in the wild,” Ma said. “But the truth is, without their mothers, life is very difficult for these young and 3 animals.” “Taking care of them is just 4 raising a child. We have to feed them milk at night. With love and care, they can 5 healthily.” So far, the station has saved over 200 wild animals from 36 types. The station does more than just 6 living places and care for those animals. It also gives them a second chance to live in the wild. “ 7 we help one animal return to the wild, it may have babies. This will help 8 the number of wild animals,“ Ma said. With the workers’ help, 43 animals from 17 types have returned to the wild. Education is another part of the station’s work. When students make study tours of the station, Ma and other workers introduce 9 about wild animals to them. “I think our work is very 10 . We can help the young learn more about wild animals and understand the situation they’re facing,” Ma said. 1．A．signs B．differences C．voices D．wounds 2．A．help B．hope C．advice D．shade 3．A．weak B．awful C．lazy D．crazy 4．A．for B．with C．like D．against 5．A．calm down B．grow up C．give up D．pass by 6．A．buying B．mixing C．ordering D．providing 7．A．If B．As C．So D．Before 8．A．increase B．check C．count D．divide 9．A．jokes B．knowledge C．experience D．methods 10．A．dangerous B．impossible C．boring D．meaningful Passage 7 When my daughter was in primary school, she brought home four small twigs (嫩枝) one day. Her school gave these twigs to the students to 1 . None of them looked very strong, but with 2 for the future, I planted them in our backyard. Over the years, because of an accident with the lawnmower (割草机) and poor soil (土壤), 3 of them died. Only one grew crooked (弯弯曲曲的) and very slowly. It never got very tall. In the end, it looked more 4 a fat bush than a tree. A few years ago, I noticed that it was starting to 5 . The lower branches (树枝) were becoming bare (光秃的). I did my best to save it by feeding it a lot of fertilizer (肥料), but it didn’t work. One morning I went into the yard and looked at it again. I was wondering if it would be better to just cut it 6 . It would make mowing the lawn easier. As I walked over to take a closer look at it, however, I noticed something moving in the leaves. It was a robin (知更鸟) building a nest 7 the top branches. I smiled when I saw it. I thought maybe this old tree was not 8 . It might not be healthy or pretty, 9 it was still giving a bird a home. This tree made me know that all of our lives have a purpose. It doesn’t matter if we are young and strong or old and sick. Until the end of our lives, we have things to do, love to give, and joy to share. We can help to make this world a 10 and more beautiful place. 1．A．plant B．protect C．clean D．sell 2．A．fear B．luck C．plan D．hope 3．A．two B．three C．none D．all 4．A．as B．of C．like D．with 5．A．die B．fall C．shake D．move 6．A．off B．up C．out D．down 7．A．on B．in C．at D．over 8．A．gone B．dead C．lost D．alive 9．A．and B．but C．so D．for 10．A．great B．better C．worse D．best Passage 8 It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We didn’t have rain for almost a month. The crops were dying. The rivers were drying. Every day, my husband 1 to get water to the fields. We would lose 2 if we couldn’t see any rain soon. However, it was on this day that I learned the true lesson of 3 . I was in the kitchen making lunch when I saw my 6-year-old son, Billy, walking toward the woods. He was walking 4 , trying not to fall over. Minutes after he disappeared (消失) into the 5 , he ran back. Moments later, he was once again walking toward the woods. This activity went on for an hour—walked carefully to the woods and ran back to the house. Finally I couldn’t wait any longer and I walked out of the house and 6 him. Then I saw the most amazing thing. Several big deer stood in front of him. Billy walked right up to them. And I saw a baby deer lying on the ground. It was terribly 7 . It lifted its head to lap up (舔) the water in my beautiful boy’s hands. When the water was gone, Billy jumped back and ran back to the house. It became quite 8 to me what my son was doing. I stood there and 9 my kind boy working so hard to save another life. I was there in front of him. His little eyes were just filled with tears. “I’m not wasting 10 ,” he was crying. As the tears from my eyes began to hit the ground, they were suddenly joined by other drops...more drops...and more. All I could say is that the rain that came that day saved our farm...just like the actions of one little boy saved the deer. 1．A．decided B．chose C．tried D．offered 2．A．something B．anything C．nothing D．everything 3．A．asking B．sharing C．receiving D．sending 4．A．slowly B．quickly C．angrily D．carelessly 5．A．plants B．flowers C．vegetables D．woods 6．A．walked B．followed C．ran D．jumped 7．A．hungry B．thirsty C．excited D．worried 8．A．comfortable B．clear C．possible D．easy 9．A．heard B．looked C．watched D．thought 10．A．water B．time C．food D．energy 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $