Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land Reading and Thinking语言点 导学案（修订版）2026-2027学年高中英语人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册

人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册  Unit 4 Journey Across a Vast Land

Reading and Thinking  语言点导学案

一、课文脉络

行程节点	内容概要
出发 → Lake Louise	次日清晨早起乘火车，穿过加拿大落基山脉，前往露易丝湖
Lake Louise	湖水碧蓝，美得令人惊叹
→ Jasper	乘长途巴士向北穿越落基山脉，在贾斯珀过夜
Edmonton	冬季极寒，日均气温零下10度
→ Toronto	9:30才抵达安大略省首府多伦多——加拿大最大最富裕的城市，停留数小时后继续前往蒙特利尔

二、长难句精讲

1. The next morning, the two girls arose early to take the train to Lake Louise, passing through the Canadian Rockies.

to take the train to Lake Louise为不定式作目的状语。其中嵌有to Lake Louise，表示列车开往哪里，两个to层次不同：外层管"去坐车"，内层管"开往露易丝湖"。

passing through the Canadian Rockies是现在分词作伴随状语，逻辑主语与主句主语一致，都是the two girls。如果写成Passing through the Rockies, the scenery was beautiful，那风景就成了穿山路的主体，句子逻辑就不对了。

仿写：The students from Wuhan University arose early to take the high-speed rail to Beijing, passing through the vast plains of central China.

2. When the train arrived at the station, they took a taxi to Lake Louise, where the blue water literally took their breath away with its exceptional beauty.

where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Lake Louise。判断用where还是which，不是看先行词是不是地名，而是看从句缺什么成分。从句the blue water literally took their breath away主谓宾俱全，缺地点状语，因此用where。

【易错提醒】Toronto, which is the largest city in Canada，先行词同样是地名，但从句缺主语，只能用which。

仿写：They finally arrived at East Lake, where the cherry blossoms literally took their breath away.

3. They spent the night, and then took a coach bound north through the Canadian Rockies to Jasper.

bound在此为形容词，意为"开往"，通常作后置定语。同类只能后置或作表语的形容词还有alive、asleep、afraid。north是副词，直接跟在bound之后，前面不加介词；若换成名词，介词用for，如a coach bound for the north。

be bound for + 地点（开往）；be bound to do（一定会）。看后面接地点还是动词即可区分。

4. Edmonton is freezing cold in winter, with daily temperatures averaging -10℃.

with daily temperatures averaging -10℃为with复合结构作伴随状语。补足语形式取决于宾语与动作的关系：主动且进行用doing，被动且完成用done，尚未发生用to do。temperatures自己在average，是主动的，故用averaging。

freezing cold中freezing为形容词，同类结构有boiling hot、soaking wet，是"程度词+形容词"组合，不表示"正在结冰"。

5. However, they did not anticipate seeing such an open country, and were truly amazed.

一个主语带两个并列谓语：did not anticipate与were truly amazed，and之后省略了they。anticipate后接动名词，不接不定式。

6. Well, contrary to what many people believe, there are a lot of vast and empty spaces in Canada, actually.

contrary to是介词短语，后面接名词或名词性从句，在句中作状语。本句接的是what many people believe，作介词to的宾语。介词后面不能接that从句，所以只能填what。主句为there be结构，真正主语是spaces。

7. After Li Daiyu and her cousin arrived in Toronto, the largest and wealthiest city in Canada, they only had a few hours to kill before they had to proceed to the next leg of their trip to Montreal.

全句38词，主干为they only had a few hours to kill。After从句在前，before从句在后，一前一后各管一段时间。

the largest and wealthiest city in Canada是Toronto的同位语，不是定语从句。判定分两步：先找谓语——这一串里只有形容词最高级和介词短语，没有谓语动词，构不成从句；再删掉它——句子照样完整，意思不变。

a few hours to kill中，to kill是不定式作定语修饰hours，to kill time意为打发时间。proceed有三个搭配：proceed to + 地点；proceed to do sth；proceed with sth。本句取第一种。leg本义为腿，引申为旅程的一段。

8. It was not until 9:30 that they finally reached the capital of Ontario, Toronto.

not until强调句型：It was not until ... that ...还原为正常语序：They did not reach the capital of Ontario until 9:30. that后面用陈述语序，不倒装。

判断强调句用删减法：去掉It was和that，剩下的成分能重新组成完整句子，就是强调句。若把not until直接放句首，主句要部分倒装：Not until 9:30 did they reach...

仿写：It was not until they reached the top of the Yellow Crane Tower that they understood why Wuhan is called the city on the river.

三、核心词块

1. arise (arose, arisen)  v. 出现；发生

搭配：arise from sth 由……引起

辨析：arise（出现，不及物）；rise（上升，不及物）；raise（举起；饲养，及物）——三个词形相近，注意区分。

2. exceptional  adj. 格外的；异常的

例句：The view from the mountain top was of exceptional beauty.