2027年春季高考英语冲刺模拟卷02（上海专用）

2027年春季高考模拟卷02 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Our brains are tuned to hear music Human brains are uniquely suited to hearing music, a new study suggests. Compared to macaque monkeys, humans respond much more strongly to sounds with a musical pitch (音高) and prefer those 1 sounds without a pitch. The team, based at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Maryland, US, studied the differences in how humans and macaques hear the world. “We found that a certain region of our brains has a stronger preference for sounds with pitch than macaque monkey brains,” said senior author Dr Bevil Conway. The area of the brain 2 processes sounds is called the auditory cortex. By studying the activity of the auditory cortex in a brain scan, the team could measure 3 strongly the brain responded to certain sounds. The sounds 4 (divide) into two types: noise without pitch, and pitch without noise. Specifically, ‘noise’ is a sound 5 (contain) lots of different frequencies within a particular range, like the sound of an untuned radio. Regular human speech and macaque calls have both a pitch and a noise component. To compare how humans and macaques responded to each type of sound, the team first played the participants a series of pure tones followed by a series of noises 6 (make) up of similar frequencies. In humans, the auditory cortex lit up much 7 (brightly) when the tones were played, compared to the noises. However, macaques showed barely any difference in how they responded to these two sounds. “These results suggest the macaque monkey may experience music and other sounds differently,” said Conway. “In contrast, the macaque’s experience of the visual world is probably very similar to our own. It makes one 8 (wonder) what kind of sounds our evolutionary ancestors experienced. The results raise the possibility, that these sounds, which are embedded in speech and music, 9 have shaped the basic organization of the human brain. 10 we rely so heavily on speech to communicate, and music is culturally important, our brains evolved to accommodate these.” 【答案】 1．to 2．which/that 3．how 4．were divided 5．containing 6．made 7．more brightly 8．wonder 9．may/might 10．Because/As/Since 【导语】本文介绍研究发现人类大脑天生更适合感知音乐，对比猕猴，人类大脑对有音高的声音反应更强烈。 【详解】1．考查介词。句意：与猕猴相比，人类对带有音乐音高的声音反应强烈得多，并且相比于那些没有音高的声音，人类更喜欢前者。固定搭配prefer A to B，表示“比起B更喜欢A”，to是介词。 2．考查定语从句关系代词。句意：处理声音的大脑区域被称为听觉皮层。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词The area of the brain指物，定语从句缺少主语，用关系代词which/that引导。 3．考查宾语从句。句意：通过在脑部扫描中研究听觉皮层的活动，该团队能够测量大脑对特定声音的反应强度。空处引导宾语从句，修饰副词strongly，用副词how表程度。 4．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这些声音被分为两类：无音高的噪音和无噪音的音高声音。主语The sounds和divide之间是被动关系，句子陈述研究内容，用一般过去时，主语为复数，谓语用were divided。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：具体来说，“噪音”是一种在特定范围内包含许多不同频率的声音，就像一台未调台的收音机发出的声音。句中已有谓语is，空处应用非谓语动词。sound和contain是主动关系，用现在分词作后置定语。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：为比较人类和猕猴对每一类声音的反应，该团队先给实验对象播放一系列纯音调，之后播放一系列由相近频率构成的噪音。句中已有谓语动词played，空处用非谓语动词，noises和make up of之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 7．考查副词比较级。句意：对人类而言，和噪音相比，播放音调时听觉皮层活跃得多。much修饰比较级，brightly的比较级是more brightly。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这不禁让人想知道我们的进化祖先曾听到什么样的声音。固定结构make sb. do sth.，使役动词make后接不带to的不定式作宾补。 9．考查情态动词。句意：这些结果提出了一种可能性：这些存在于言语和音乐之中的声音，或许塑造了人类大脑的基本构造。此处表示推测，意为“或许、可能”，may/might符合语境。 10．考查连词。句意：因为我们高度依靠言语来交流，并且音乐在文化层面意义重大，所以我们的大脑进化出适配这些声音的能力。上下文是因果关系，as/because/since引导原因状语从句，句首首字母大写。 Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．establish B．outdated C． implementing D．unconventional E. commitment F. promotion G. functioning H. certified I. subject J. individuals K. identify Reasons to Keep Learning Once You’re Done With School There have always been people who have believed that lifelong learning is a worthwhile process. For example, a recent article in The Atlantic reported that when 11 learn new tasks, they strengthen the part of their brain used in learning the task. Even better, this process makes the neighboring areas of the brain more resilient as well. Here are some more reasons why you should always keep learning: ·Fight Boredom. Most people feel bored when they aren’t challenged and boredom is the number one cause of bad decisions. If you’re constantly learning new things, you’ll be less 12 to disinterest. ·Keep Your Brain Healthy. A study by the University of California at Irvine revealed that learning keeps your brain 13 at a high level. Just like you need to exercise your body’s muscles and cardiovascular system, you need to exercise your brain to keep it in tip-top shape. ·Grow Your Career. If you learn new work-related skills, you’ll be more likely to get a 14 or raise. And, with the rise of online education, you can even enroll in   15 programs that allow you to learn and improve your career during your off-hours. ·Model Positive Behaviour for Your Kids. If you expect your children to focus in school and take the time to learn their lessons, you should exhibit the same 16 to self-improvement in your daily life. ·Keep in Touch With The World. If you don’t know the latest fashion, comedy and news trends, you’ll sound 17 . By trying new things and learning new ideas, you’ll better be able to 18 connections with those around you. ·Look at the World with Fresh Eyes. Scientists believe that much of what is called creativity is simply the ability to apply skills learned in one setting to problems in another setting. If you’re always learning, this means that when you face a familiar problem, you may be able to come at it with a (an) 19 solution, on the basis of your new knowledge. ·All the Greats are Doing It. Think of anyone, in any field, who is truly brilliant at what they do. They got where they ace through constant self-improvement. Truly talented people are constantly learning and 20 new skills. It’s worth joining them in this passion. 【答案】 11．J 12．I 13．G 14．F 15．H 16．E 17．B 18．A 19．D 20．C 【导语】文章主要介绍离校之后坚持终身学习的诸多益处，鼓励人们持续学习、自我提升。 【详解】11．考查名词。句意：例如，《大西洋月刊》近期一篇报道称，当个体学习新任务时，他们会强化大脑中用于学习该任务的区域。从句缺少主语，结合语境，此处指普通人、个体，名词individuals“个体，个人”符合题意。 12．考查形容词。句意：如果你持续不断地学习新事物，你就不容易感到提不起兴趣。空处作表语，结合上文“If you’re constantly learning new things”可知，此处指如果不断学习新事物，就不太容易感到提不起兴趣，形容词subject“易受……影响的”符合题意，固定搭配be subject to表示“易遭受……；容易受到……影响”。 13．考查非谓语动词。句意：加州大学欧文分校的一项研究表明，学习能让你的大脑维持高水平运转。结合常识和“learning keeps your brain”可知，学习能让大脑维持高水平运转，动词function“运转”符合题意，固定搭配keep sth. doing“使某物持续做……”，空处填functioning。 14．考查名词。句意：如果你学习和工作相关的新技能，你更有可能获得晋升或者加薪。空处和raise并列指“晋升”，名词 promotion“晋升”符合题意，作宾语。 15．考查形容词。句意：并且，随着线上教育兴起，你甚至可以报名参加经过认证的课程，让你在业余时间学习、助力职业提升。空处修饰修饰名词programs，结合“with the rise of online education, you can even enroll”可知，此处指参加经过认证的网课，形容词certified“认证的，有资质的” 符合题意。 16．考查名词。句意：如果你期待孩子在校专心、花时间学习功课，你也应当在日常生活中展现同样致力于自我提升的投入。空处作动词exhibit的宾语，结合上文“If you expect your children to focus in school and take the time to learn their lessons”可知，此处指在日常生活中的投入，名词commitment“投入，奉献”符合题意。 17．考查形容词。句意：如果你不了解最新的潮流、喜剧热点和新闻趋势，你听起来就会落伍。空处作表语，结合上文“If you don’t know the latest fashion, comedy and news trends”可知，这是一种落伍的表现，形容词outdated“过时的，落伍的”符合题意。 18．考查动词。句意：通过尝试新事物、学习新理念，你能够更好地和身边人建立联系。be able to后接动词原形，结合后文“connections with those around you”可知，此处指身边的人建立联系，动词establish“建立”符合题意。 19．考查形容词。句意：如果你一直在学习，这意味着当你面对熟悉的问题时，你可以依托新知识，想出一个非常规的解决方案。空处修饰名词solution，结合下文“on the basis of your new knowledge”可知，此处指依托新知识想出非常规的解决方案，形容词unconventional“非传统的，非常规的” 符合题意。 20．考查非谓语动词。句意：真正有才能的人一直在学习并且运用新技能。呼应learning此处指运用学习的技能，动词implement“实施，运用”的现在分词implementing符合题意，与are构成现在进行时。 II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Try Paper-Based Crafting to Cut Through Overthinking Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms. Still, I often find it hard to “switch off”, and stop 21 thoughts. But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety. In a collage (拼贴画) workshop, I cut images from magazines, and pasted them on to paper. Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue, I was transported back to more creative childhood days — and experienced a deep sense of 22 . 23 drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage, while the pressure to make something ‘perfect’ is removed. By remixing readymade visuals, I was able to 24 the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom. Alongside the simple joy of cutting and arranging images, I learned that the final 25 can be meaningful, too. According to artist and teacher Hazel Pit, we mentally store certain past images in our minds — and collage allows us to access them. “With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself,” she says. Hazel’s students have been surprised by the emotions reflected back to them in their compositions. As she explains: “Collage can act as a 26 conduit (渠道，通道) for the inner self,” and anyone can experience its benefits by following these steps. Grab your tools Gather visually-rich materials, including magazines and newspapers, leaflets, old books, vintage postcards, and photographs. Searching for forgotten pictures can 27 new ideas and emotional revelations. You will also need glue and a pair of 28 . For the background, choose paper or card that suits your personal style, from a piece of white A5 to a leftover delivery box. Work with what you have! Follow your intuition Pick out your images 29 . “Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind,” says Hazel. Drawing on psychotherapist Carl Jung’s theories about images as metaphors in healing, she advises: “Only choose something that resonates with you, sparking an emotional reaction, as this will give your collage substance.” You might be 30 to certain colours, textures, or details, as well as figures, words, or scenes. At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile. Cut, slice, and tear Cut out your chosen images or experiment with tearing with your hands for rougher edges. This repetitive act requires concentration and is soothing. “Cutting will put you in a meditative space,” says Hazel, “as you stop thinking about 31 issues and exist in the present moment.” Play around with pictures Arrange, rearrange, and layer your images, testing different combinations. Without constraints, allow your intuition to guide you. This is the most expressive part of the process, so embrace it. Pin and paste Once you’re happy with the arrangement, glue it down. Small pins can also help keep your composition in 32 . Reflect on your collage Finally, take time to reflect upon your collage. Does the choice and arrangement of pictures hold 33 ? Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface. Generally speaking, collage requires no special 34 skill. The pressure to make something “perfect” gradually disappears. Studies suggest that creative activities like collage can reduce anxiety and strengthen one’s sense of 35 . 21．A．innovative B．reflective C．intrusive D．passive 22．A．suspicion B．curiosity C．tension D．calm 23．A．In addition to B．In contrast to C．In spite of D．In place of 24．A．silence B．prompt C．obey D．question 25．A．combination B．composition C．conclusion D．complement 26．A．mental B．physiological C．physical D．visual 27．A．block B．spark C．spell D．underestimate 28．A．knives B．tools C．scissors D．devices 29．A．carefully B．logically C．randomly D．instinctively 30．A．forced B．drawn C．exposed D．introduced 31．A．internal B．personal C．external D．minor 32．A．order B．mind C．balance D．shape 33．A．popularity B．difficulty C．convenience D．significance 34．A．technical B．practical C．artistic D．professional 35．A．identity B．humor C．self D．responsibility 【答案】 21．C 22．D 23．B 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．C 【导语】本文讲述拼贴手工可缓解焦虑，它无需艺术技巧、无完美压力，遵从直觉创作，能探寻内心情绪，舒缓身心，帮助人们减轻焦虑、治愈自我。 21．考查形容词。句意：即便如此，我常常很难放空自己，无法停止杂乱烦扰的思绪。A. innovative创新的；B. reflective反思的；C. intrusive侵扰的；D. passive被动的。结合前文“Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms.(自从十几岁时被诊断出患有广泛性焦虑症以来，我便通过药物治疗、心理治疗以及运动来缓解症状)”可知，作者患有焦虑症、难以放松的语境，此处指恼人的、侵入性的杂念。 22．考查名词。句意：摆弄图片、剪刀和胶水时，我仿佛回到富有创造力的童年，获得了深深的平静。A. suspicion怀疑；B. curiosity好奇；C. tension紧张；D. calm平静。结合上文“But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety.(但最近，我找到了一种能帮我缓解焦虑的新方法)”可知，拼贴画缓解焦虑、舒缓身心的内容，可知内心变得平静。 23．考查介词短语。句意：与绘画或素描不同，拼贴艺术不需要具备特定的绘画技巧水平，而且也不再有追求“完美”的压力。A. In addition to除……之外；B. In contrast to与……相反；C. In spite of尽管；D. In place of代替。根据后文“drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage”可知，此处将拼贴画和绘画做对比，突出拼贴画门槛更低。 24．考查动词。句意：通过重组现成视觉素材，我能够压制内心自我批评的声音，收获别样的创作自由。A. silence使安静；B. prompt促使；C. obey遵守；D. question质疑。结合后文“the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom”可知，创作过程让人不再自我否定，平息内心批判的声音。 25．考查名词。句意：除了剪裁和排列图片所带来的简单乐趣之外，我还了解到最终的组合效果也能具有一定的意义。A. combination结合；B. composition创作作品；C. conclusion结论；D. complement补充。结合空前的“final”和后文多次提及拼贴创作的成品，此处指拼贴画作。 26．考查形容词。句意：正如她所解释的那样：“拼贴画能够成为展现内心世界的视觉通道”，而任何人只要按照以下步骤去做，就能体验到其带来的益处。A. mental精神的；B. physiological生理的；C. physical身体的；D. visual视觉的。根据上文“By remixing readymade visuals”指拼贴画能够成为展现内心世界的视觉通道。 27．考查动词。句意：搜寻被遗忘的图片能够激发新想法，带来情感上的感悟。A. block阻挡；B. spark激发；C. spell拼写；D. underestimate低估。结合语境，搜集素材会催生新的灵感与感悟。 28．考查名词。句意：你还需要胶水和一把剪刀。A. knives小刀；B. tools工具；C. scissors剪刀；D. devices设备。前文“Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue”提到剪刀是制作拼贴画的核心工具。 29．考查副词。句意：凭直觉随意挑选图片。A. carefully仔细地；B. logically有条理地；C. randomly随意地；D. instinctively本能地。根据后文“Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind”以及本段小标题“Follow your intuition”为遵从直觉，对应凭本能、直觉挑选素材。 30．考查动词。句意：你可能会被特定的色彩、质感、细节以及人物文字或场景所吸引。A. forced强迫；B. drawn吸引；C. exposed暴露；D. introduced介绍。根据后文“ At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile.(在这个阶段，把那些有精美图片的页面撕下来，然后把这些页面叠放在一起)”提到把这些图片剪下来，故此处指被特定的色彩、质感、细节以及人物文字或场景所吸引。固定搭配be drawn to表示“被……吸引”，贴合选材语境。 31．考查形容词。句意：“裁剪能让你进入冥想状态，”Hazel说，“因为你不再纠结外界琐事，活在当下。”A. internal内在的；B. personal个人的；C. external外界的；D. minor次要的。根据后文“exist in the present moment”可知，专注手工操作会让人抛开外界繁杂问题，舒缓焦虑。 32．考查名词。句意：小图钉也能帮助固定作品布局。A. order秩序；B. mind思绪；C. balance平衡；D. shape形状。根据上文“Small pins can also help keep your composition in”指小图钉也能帮助固定作品布局。固定搭配keep...in order表示“使……整齐有序”，贴合排版固定画面的语境。 33．考查名词。句意：图片的选择与排布是否蕴含特殊意义。A. popularity流行；B. difficulty困难；C. convenience便利；D. significance意义。结合后文“Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface.(几天之后，它可能会向你揭示一些你未曾察觉的、潜藏在内心深处的感受或想法)”提到拼贴画折射内心情绪与想法，此处指深层含义。 34．考查形容词。句意：一般来说，拼贴画不需要特殊的艺术技艺。A. technical技术的；B. practical实用的；C. artistic艺术的；D. professional专业的。前文“drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage”对比绘画，强调拼贴画无艺术技能门槛。 35．考查名词。句意：研究表明，拼贴画这类创意活动可以缓解焦虑，增强自我认同感。A. identity身份；B. humor幽默；C. self自我；D. responsibility责任。前文“I was able to ________ the voice of my inner critic”和“With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself(由于拼贴画有着无限的可能性，它确实是一种理想的工具，能够帮助我们触及潜意识，并表达自我)”提到，拼贴画能够感受平息内心批判的声音，找到内心平静以及表达自我，故此处指手工创作抒发内心、疗愈情绪，能够强化自我认知与自我接纳。 Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The other evening, my seven-year-old daughter Lily wandered into the kitchen, and asked me how soon her favorite cartoon would start. I just nodded my chin toward the old round clock that had hung on our kitchen wall since before she was born. “When the big hand points straight up and the little hand is on eight,” I said. She went quiet for a moment. Then I heard her sigh, “But Mom,” she said, “that doesn’t tell me numbers. My tablet gives me the time in numbers. Why can’t you just tell me like normal?” It struck me then that Lily, who could unlock my phone, find her favorite app, and send voice messages to her grandmother in seconds, had never actually learned to read a clock face. She lived in a world of digital numbers, where time was just digits glowing on a screen, not two hands moving slowly across a painted circle. I took the clock down from the wall and sat with her at the kitchen table. It took a while to explain that each number stood for five minutes, that the hands moved together like partners in a dance, that “half past” meant thirty and “quarter to” meant forty-five. She stared at the clock, clearly confused at first. Then suddenly her eyes lit up and she smiled. “It’s like a puzzle!” she said, and began pointing and counting under her breath. After a few more tries, she looked up. “So right now it’s twenty to eight?” she asked, and I nodded. I thought of my own mother then, who had taught me to tell time on the same clock when I was exactly Lily’s age. That clock had hung in our house for over thirty years, a quiet witness to countless bedtimes and hurried breakfasts. Lily ran off to watch her cartoon, but I stayed there, the old clock resting in my hands. Sometime thirty years ago, my mother leaned over this same table, pointing at those same hands, and I was the child who couldn’t read a clock. Now it is my turn. The clock ticks on, steady and sure, and I realize it has never really been just measuring time. It has been measuring love, passed quietly from one pair of hands to the next. 36．Why couldn’t Lily tell when her cartoon would start? A．She had poor eyesight. B．She couldn’t read clocks with hands. C．She didn’t trust the old clock. D．She hadn’t learned numbers yet. 37．How did Lily react when she finally worked out the clock? A．Confused. B．Frightened. C．Joyful. D．Blank. 38．What does the clock stand for in the text? A．Family affection and continuity. B．A valuable family antique. C．A disappearing old tradition. D．Happy childhood memories. 39．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Lily’s Puzzle B．Two Generations C．Digital Times D．Love Ticks on 【答案】36．B 37．C 38．A 39．D 【导语】文章主要讲述了作者教女儿认读传统时钟指针，回忆起自己儿时被母亲教导的经历，感悟到时钟传递着代代延续的亲情与爱。 【详解】36．细节理解题。​根据第一段中“Then I heard her sigh, “But Mom,” she said, “that doesn’t tell me numbers. My tablet gives me the time in numbers. Why can’t you just tell me like normal?”(然后我听到她叹了口气说：“但是妈妈，你说的这个没告诉我数字形式的时间。我的平板电脑会直接用数字告诉我时间你为什么就不能像平常那样直接告诉我呢？”)”以及第二段中“It struck me then that Lily, who could unlock my phone, find her favorite app, and send voice messages to her grandmother in seconds, had never actually learned to read a clock face.(我突然意识到，莉莉能在几秒钟内解锁我的手机、找到她最喜欢的应用程序、给祖母发语音信息，但她实际上从来没学会认读指针式时钟的时间)”可知，莉莉无法判断动画片何时开始是因为她不会看带指针的时钟。 37．细节理解题。​根据第三段中“She stared at the clock, clearly confused at first. Then suddenly her eyes lit up and she smiled. “It’s like a puzzle!” she said, and began pointing and counting under her breath.(她盯着时钟，起初显然很困惑。然后突然她的眼睛亮了起来，微笑着。“这就像一个谜题！”她说，然后开始低声指着数数)”可知，当莉莉最终弄懂时钟时，她先是眼睛发亮，然后微笑着开始数数，表现出高兴和兴奋的情绪。 38．推理判断题。​根据第四段中“I thought of my own mother then, who had taught me to tell time on the same clock when I was exactly Lily’s age. That clock had hung in our house for over thirty years, a quiet witness to countless bedtimes and hurried breakfasts.(我想起了我自己的母亲，她在我和莉莉一样大的时候用同一个时钟教我看时间。那个时钟在我们家挂了三十多年，静静地见证了许多次就寝时间和匆忙的早餐)”以及最后一段中“The clock ticks (滴答走时) on, steady and sure, and I realize it has never really been just measuring time. It has been measuring love, passed quietly from one pair of hands to the next.(时钟滴答作响，稳定而坚定，我意识到它从来不仅仅是在测量时间。它一直在测量爱，从一双手悄悄地传递到下一双手)”可知，时钟不仅是一个计时工具，更是家庭情感和世代延续的象征。 39．主旨大意题。​根据全文内容，尤其是最后一段中“The clock ticks (滴答走时) on, steady and sure, and I realize it has never really been just measuring time. It has been measuring love, passed quietly from one pair of hands to the next.(时钟滴答作响，稳定而坚定，我意识到它从来不仅仅是在测量时间。它一直在测量爱，从一双手悄悄地传递到下一双手)”可知，文章通过教女儿认时钟的经历，揭示了时钟所承载的亲情与爱的传递，标题“Love Ticks on”既呼应了时钟的滴答声，又点明了爱的延续这一主题。 (B) The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs.Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 40．What is the purpose of this text? A．To raise money for local artists. B．To release a collection of artwork. C．To introduce a cultural festival. D．To call for artworks for a project. 41．How long will the public art signs be on display? A．Ten days. B．Three weeks. C．One month. D．Two months. 42．Which of the following meets the application requirements? A．A 150-word poem. B．A 100-word self-introduction. C．A 300-word story. D．A 200-word artwork statement. 【答案】40．D 41．B 42．A 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合文化日征集本地艺术家作品，涵盖视觉与文学类型，明确报酬、时间节点及提交材料要求，作品将在指定时段展示。 【详解】40．推理判断题。根据文章大意以及第一段中“The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. (伯灵顿市的公共艺术项目将在贝希威亚海滩举办一系列临时公共艺术标识，与安大略文化日活动同步进行。该项目将挑选 10 名视觉艺术家和 10 名作家来创作作品，这些作品将被展示在多用途路径上的临时标识牌上。此次征集面向伯灵顿本地的艺术家，并且接受所有能够以标识形式呈现的艺术形式的投稿。)”可知，文章核心内容是伯灵顿市公共艺术项目联合安大略文化日，面向本地艺术家征集可用于标牌展示的艺术作品（包括视觉艺术和文学作品），同时明确了征集要求、时间节点、报酬及提交材料。由此可知，这篇文章的目的是为一个项目征集艺术作品。故选D项。 41．细节理解题。根据Estimated Project Timeline部分，作品展示时间为“September 23 — October 13 (9月23日至10月13日)”计算可知，9月剩余8天（23日 - 30日），10月展示13天，总计21天，即三周。故选B项。 42．细节理解题。根据Application Package中“Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. (作品说明：请提供一份简短的说明（最多150个词），阐述您的作品理念。)”、“Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. (文字投稿：投稿内容不得超过 250 个词。可以是独立的作品，比如一首诗或一篇短篇小说，也可以是从一篇较大作品中选取的一部分。)”以及“Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. (艺术家简介：请以第三人称撰写一段简短的艺术家介绍（最多50个词）。)”可知，A选项“150 词的诗歌”符合写作类作品“最多250 词”的要求，正确。BCD选项均与原文实意不符。故选A项。 (C) Science fiction stories have imagined future people living in underground cities on Mars, in asteroids, and in space stations far from the sun. But if humans are ever to survive in any of those tough environments, they will need ways to grow food using limited resources-and photosynthesis (光合作用), the wildly successful yet energy-inefficient process by which plants turn sunlight into sugar, might not cut it. Now, some scientists are wondering whether it’s possible to produce food more efficiently by skipping photosynthesis altogether, and growing plants in the dark. The idea sounds as science fictional as cities on Mars. But a team of researchers has taken a first step toward realizing it with a study published in Nature Food in June. The research shows it is possible to grow algae (藻类), edible yeast (食用酵母), and mushroom-producing fungi (真菌) in the dark by supplying them with a carbon-based chemical that didn’t originate from plants, but instead was manufactured using solar electricity. That is, this method replaced biological photosynthesis with a partly artificial process for turning sunlight into food. Their process is a version of artificial photosynthesis, a term that has been around for years and includes various approaches to transforming sunlight, water, and CO2 into liquid fuels and other chemicals. The researchers say their work represents the first time an artificial photosynthesis system has been paired with an attempt to grow common food-producing organisms. The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture — including, perhaps, crops that can grow in the dark. While other experts are skeptical that it will ever be possible to redesign plant biology so thoroughly, they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team’s out-of-the-box idea about how to make food production more efficient. Lynn Rothschild, a senior research scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center, says it’s worth keeping an open mind about how any efforts to redesign a fundamental biological process like photosynthesis could be applied, in space or on Earth: “The payoff may be something we haven’t imagined yet.” 43．How could scientists grow algae in the dark according to the text? A．By giving them a chemical from plants. B．By giving them a chemical produced by solar electricity. C．By giving them physical space and energy. D．By giving them crops that grow in the dark. 44．Which of the following best describes artificial photosynthesis”? A．It uses sunlight, water, and CO2 inefficiently. B．It has been very successful. C．It helps to find new ways of producing food. D．The term has just been created. 45．What does the underlined word “out-of-the-box” mean in paragraph 5? A．Taken out from the box. B．Usable immediately. C．Mysterious. D．Very creative. 46．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．How to grow fungi in the dark? B．What is artificial photosynthesis? C．Can food crops grow in the dark? D．How to turn sunlight into food? 【答案】43．B 44．C 45．D 46．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要说明探讨了如何借助人工光合作用，在黑暗中生产食物。 【详解】43．细节理解题。根据第三段“The research shows it is possible to grow algae (藻类), edible yeast (食用酵母), and mushroom-producing fungi (真菌) in the dark by supplying them with a carbon-based chemical that didn’t originate from plants, but instead was manufactured using solar electricity.(这项研究表明，通过向藻类、食用酵母以及能产生蘑菇的真菌提供一种并非源自植物的、而是利用太阳能电力制造而成的碳基化学物质，可以在黑暗环境中培育这些生物)”可知，科学家通过提供由太阳能发电产生的某种化学物质在黑暗中培育藻类。故选B。 44．推理判断题。根据第三段“Their process is a version of artificial photosynthesis, a term that has been around for years and includes various approaches to transforming sunlight, water, and CO2 into liquid fuels and other chemicals.(他们的这一过程属于人工光合作用的一种形式，这个术语已经存在多年，涵盖了将阳光、水和二氧化碳转化为液体燃料及其他化学物质的各种方法)”以及第四段“The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture — including, perhaps, crops that can grow in the dark.(科学家们满怀希望，认为这种方法能够开辟出新的途径，以更少的物理空间和能源来生产食物，相比传统农业而言更具优势——甚至可能包括那些能在黑暗中生长的作物)”可知，人工光合作用有助于找到生产食物的新方法。故选C。 45．词句猜测题。根据第三段“The idea sounds as science fictional as cities on Mars.(这个想法听起来就像是来自科幻小说中的场景——类似火星上的城市)”以及划线词所在句“they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team’s out-of-the-box idea about how to make food production more efficient.(他们对研究人员所发明的技术以及团队提出的关于如何提高食品生产效率的out-of-the-box理念感到十分兴奋)”可知，这个想法是很创新，很有想象力的，故划线词意思是“非常有创造力的”。故选D。 46．主旨大意题。文章开篇点明了研究的最终目的——有效生产食物以保证在恶劣的地外环境中的生存。第2~4段提到，研究表明，通过人工光合作用培育微型生物的成果，可以作为在黑暗中生产食物的踏板(进而应用于地外环境)。最后两段讲述不同人的观点态度。C选项“植物能生长在黑暗环境中吗？”最符合文章标题。故选C。 Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. In uncertain times, certainty is over-rated and over-rewarded Type the words “kind of”, “probably” or “perhaps” into an email in Microsoft Outlook and the program might well tell you to think again. If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: “ 47 ” To me, this suggestion encapsulates something we’ve got wrong in society: we live in a world that rewards those who speak with a strong opinion — even when that is misplaced — and gives very little airtime to those who acknowledge doubt. “ 48 Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying,” says Dan Gardner, author of Future Babble. “That’s saying ‘let me sweep away the uncertainty for you’.” Research shows that the human brain is hard-wired to hate uncertainty: a 2016 study published in Nature Communications found that when volunteers were given electric shocks, their stress levels were highest when they had no idea whether they were going to be given a shock or not — higher even than subjects who were told they definitely would get one. While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real. 49 In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events. Prof Tetlock divided up forecasters into “foxes” and “hedgehogs”. Foxes consider all sorts of different approaches and perspectives, and synthesize those into various “small” conclusions. Hedgehogs tend to view the world through the lens of one single defining idea. That makes the hedgehogs worse forecasters but more likely to get attention. 50 Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players. A．Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. B．Highly confident statements also promote polarization, encouraging others to respond in the same kind of language when they disagree. C．We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story. D．But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? E．And it makes sense that when we’re all feeling anxious, we would want to feel that some adults somewhere know what they’re doing. F．Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact. 【答案】47．F 48．C 49．A 50．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。主要批判社会过度推崇确定性与果断表达，指出自信的专家未必可靠，并呼吁理性看待所谓权威观点。 47．根据前文“If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: (如果人工智能驱动的“微软编辑器”判定你听起来不够果断，它就会警告你：)”可知，前文提到软件会对不果断的表达发出警告，此空应是警告的具体内容，F选项“Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact.(表达不确定性的词语会削弱你的影响力。)”与前文“不够果断”的语境完全对应，符合语境。故选F项。 48．根据后文“Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying.(为什么？因为这在心理上令人满足。)”可知，前文应提出一种人们倾向于相信果断言论的现象，C选项“We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story.(我们会被那些讲述简单、清晰、自信故事的权威所吸引，也更愿意听他们说话。)”引出后文对这一现象原因的解释，符合语境。故选C项。 49．根据前文“While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real.(虽然听起来自信的权威可能给了我们大脑想要的东西，但他们提供的慰藉可能并不真实。)”以及后文“In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events.(事实上，心理学教授菲利普·泰特洛克发现，预测者的名气与其预测事件结果的能力呈负相关。)”可知，此空应说明过度自信的公众人物反而更受关注，A选项“Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. (然而，过度自信的“思想领袖”和其他公众人物通常占据报纸头条，拥有最多的社交媒体粉丝。)”承接前后文，符合语境。故选A项。 50．根据后文“Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players.(加德纳先生提出一种方法：给发言者贴上过往预测记录的标签，就像我们查看赛马或棒球运动员的表现数据一样。)”可知，后文提出监督专家的具体方法，此空应提出是否应该问责这些专家的疑问，D选项“But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? (但如果我们让“专家”和领导者承担责任，难道不是更好吗？)”引出后文的解决方案，符合语境。故选D项。 IV.Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Plants Light Our Cities? Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. The vision is attractive: living lights that need no wiring, that move with the wind, and that turn urban spaces into gardens of gentle light. Yet the science behind the dream is stubborn. Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. Most estimates put the capture at under two percent, and plants must spend nearly all of that to stay alive. That leaves little spare energy to convert back into visible light. Because of this limit, engineers sometimes try to skip biology. Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. If future biotechnology enabled leaves to build biodegradable light-emitting molecules (分子), plants could store part of daylight and release it slowly after sunset. In theory, this might even assist photosynthesis by moderating changes in light levels and by converting otherwise useless wavelengths into ones the chloroplasts (叶绿体) can employ. You might picture fields that shine softly while continuing to grow through the night. For now, though, shining houseplants are mostly clever novelties. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. Use them to stimulate curiosity, not to light the city. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Although people dream of using glowing plants to light cities, plants have very little extra energy to produce light. Injecting phosphors can create temporary light but has many drawbacks and risks. Modifying plants is a promising method but still unrealistic. At present, glowing plants are just novelties and cannot replace streetlights soon. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家设想用发光植物照明城市，但植物光合能量有限，难以发光。注入荧光粉效果短暂且有风险，改造植物虽有前景却不现实。目前发光植物仅为新奇事物，无法替代路灯。 【详解】1 要点摘录 ①Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. ②Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. ③Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. ④A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. 2.缜密构思将第1、2两个要点进行整合，将第3、4两个要点进行重组。 3.遣词造句 Although people dream of using luminescent plants to illuminate cities, the energy generated by plants themselves is extremely limited. Injecting phosphors can produce a brief glow, but this method has many drawbacks and risks. The modification of plants is a promising approach, but remains impractical at present. Currently, luminescent plants are merely novelties and cannot replace streetlights in the short term. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Although people dream of using glowing plants to light cities, plants have very little extra energy to produce light.（运用了Although引导的让步状语从句） [高分句型2] Injecting phosphors can create temporary light but has many drawbacks and risks.（运用了非谓语动词中的动名词短语作主语） V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．奇怪的是，照相机的备用电池找不到了。(nowhere) (汉译英) __________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Curiously, the spare battery of the camera is nowhere to be found. 【详解】“奇怪的是”可译为副词curiously，置于句首作评注性状语；“照相机的备用电池”译为the spare battery of the camera；“找不到了”需用提示词nowhere，常用结构nowhere to be found，意为“到处都找不到、无处可寻”，其中to be found为不定式的被动式，因battery与find之间是被动关系；句子用主系表结构，“电池找不到”可理解为是当前状态，可用一般现在时态，be动词用is。 53．对于一家百年老店而言，如何才能保持吸引力？ (take) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】What does it take for a century-old store to maintain its appeal? 【详解】表示“如何才能”即“需要付出什么”用what does it take，为固定句型，it作形式主语，句首单词，首字母大写。表示“对于……而言”用for。表示“一家百年老店”用a century-old store，作for的宾语。表示“保持”用maintain，用不定式to maintain作真正主语。表示“它的吸引力”用its appeal，作maintain的宾语。 54．意识到自己要独自应付如此繁重的工作量，她不禁感到忧心忡忡，心力交瘁。(not help) (汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Realizing she had to deal with such a heavy workload alone, she couldn’t help feeling anxious and exhausted. 【详解】考查非谓语动词、宾语从句和时态。表示“她”用she，作主语；表示“意识到”为动词realize，此处为非谓语动词作状语，realize和逻辑主语she为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式，realize后接省略that引导的宾语从句，在该宾语从句中，表示“不得不处理”应为动词短语have to deal with；表示“如此繁重的工作量”应为名词短语such a heavy workload；主句部分中，表示“不禁做某事”应为动词短语couldn’t help doing；表示“感到”为动词feel，此处用动名词形式，作宾语；表示“忧心忡忡，心力交瘁”应为形容词短语anxious and exhausted作表语；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Realizing she had to deal with such a heavy workload alone, she couldn’t help feeling anxious and exhausted. 55．这家公司的新管理层以员工福利和顾客信任为代价，追求降本增效，难怪它的声誉这么快就崩塌了。（expense）(汉译英) ______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】The new management of this company pursued cost reduction and efficiency improvement at the expense of employee benefits and customer trust, and no wonder that its reputation collapsed so quickly. 【详解】考查时态、固定句型。表示“这家公司的新管理层”用the new management of this company，作主语。表示“追求降本增效”用pursue cost reduction and efficiency improvement，作谓语，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式pursued。表示“以……为代价”用at the expense of，为固定搭配。表示“员工福利和顾客信任”用employee benefits and customer trust，作宾语。表示“难怪”用固定句型no wonder that，表示“它的声誉”用its reputation，作主语。表示“崩塌”用collapse，事情发生在过去，用一般过去时，谓语用过去式collapsed。表示“这么快”用so quickly。故翻译为：The new management of this company pursued cost reduction and efficiency improvement at the expense of employee benefits and customer trust, and no wonder that its reputation collapsed so quickly. VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 56．假设你是Alex，你的朋友Lora对摄影非常感兴趣，计划在今年寒假参加一个摄影工作坊（workshop）进一步研习。她发现了两个不同主题的工作坊，一个专注于自然风光摄影，另一个则是城市街头摄影。Lora对于选择哪个方向感到犹豫不决，因此她通过电子邮件向你求助。请你给Lora回复一封邮件，分享你的看法。你的回复需要包括： 1.对比两个工作坊； 2.根据Lora的情况，给出你认为她更适合参加的工作坊的建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Dear Lora, I hope this email finds you well. I was delighted to hear about your plans to attend a photography workshop this winter break. Both workshops you’ve found sound exciting, but they do have distinct focuses. The natural light workshop promises an immersive experience capturing the breathtaking beauty of nature. It would be ideal for someone who loves outdoor adventures and seeks inspiration in serene landscapes. On the other hand, the city street photography workshop emphasizes capturing the candid moments and vibrant energy of urban life. This would suit someone who enjoys observing people and the urban environment up close. Considering your deep interest in exploring diverse cultures and your knack for finding beauty in everyday scenes, I believe the city street photography workshop might be a better fit for you. Whichever you choose, I’m sure you’ll come back with stunning photos and a wealth of new experiences. Good luck! Yours, Alex 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Lora回复一封邮件，分享你对两个工作坊的看法并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴：delighted→pleased 计划做：plan to do→intend to do 有活力的：vibrant →dynamic 强调：emphasize→stress 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Both workshops you’ve found sound exciting, but they do have distinct focuses. 拓展句：Although both workshops you’ve found sound exciting, they do have distinct focuses. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Considering your deep interest in exploring diverse cultures and your knack for finding beauty in everyday scenes, I believe the city street photography workshop might be a better fit for you. (运用了省略that的宾语从句) [高分句型2] This would suit someone who enjoys observing people and the urban environment up close. (运用了who引导定语从句) 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027年春季高考模拟卷02 I. Grammar and Vocabulary （每题1分；共20分） Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Our brains are tuned to hear music Human brains are uniquely suited to hearing music, a new study suggests. Compared to macaque monkeys, humans respond much more strongly to sounds with a musical pitch (音高) and prefer those 1 sounds without a pitch. The team, based at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke in Maryland, US, studied the differences in how humans and macaques hear the world. “We found that a certain region of our brains has a stronger preference for sounds with pitch than macaque monkey brains,” said senior author Dr Bevil Conway. The area of the brain 2 processes sounds is called the auditory cortex. By studying the activity of the auditory cortex in a brain scan, the team could measure 3 strongly the brain responded to certain sounds. The sounds 4 (divide) into two types: noise without pitch, and pitch without noise. Specifically, ‘noise’ is a sound 5 (contain) lots of different frequencies within a particular range, like the sound of an untuned radio. Regular human speech and macaque calls have both a pitch and a noise component. To compare how humans and macaques responded to each type of sound, the team first played the participants a series of pure tones followed by a series of noises 6 (make) up of similar frequencies. In humans, the auditory cortex lit up much 7 (brightly) when the tones were played, compared to the noises. However, macaques showed barely any difference in how they responded to these two sounds. “These results suggest the macaque monkey may experience music and other sounds differently,” said Conway. “In contrast, the macaque’s experience of the visual world is probably very similar to our own. It makes one 8 (wonder) what kind of sounds our evolutionary ancestors experienced. The results raise the possibility, that these sounds, which are embedded in speech and music, 9 have shaped the basic organization of the human brain. 10 we rely so heavily on speech to communicate, and music is culturally important, our brains evolved to accommodate these.” Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A．establish B．outdated C． implementing D．unconventional E. commitment F. promotion G. functioning H. certified I. subject J. individuals K. identify Reasons to Keep Learning Once You’re Done With School There have always been people who have believed that lifelong learning is a worthwhile process. For example, a recent article in The Atlantic reported that when 11 learn new tasks, they strengthen the part of their brain used in learning the task. Even better, this process makes the neighboring areas of the brain more resilient as well. Here are some more reasons why you should always keep learning: ·Fight Boredom. Most people feel bored when they aren’t challenged and boredom is the number one cause of bad decisions. If you’re constantly learning new things, you’ll be less 12 to disinterest. ·Keep Your Brain Healthy. A study by the University of California at Irvine revealed that learning keeps your brain 13 at a high level. Just like you need to exercise your body’s muscles and cardiovascular system, you need to exercise your brain to keep it in tip-top shape. ·Grow Your Career. If you learn new work-related skills, you’ll be more likely to get a 14 or raise. And, with the rise of online education, you can even enroll in   15 programs that allow you to learn and improve your career during your off-hours. ·Model Positive Behaviour for Your Kids. If you expect your children to focus in school and take the time to learn their lessons, you should exhibit the same 16 to self-improvement in your daily life. ·Keep in Touch With The World. If you don’t know the latest fashion, comedy and news trends, you’ll sound 17 . By trying new things and learning new ideas, you’ll better be able to 18 connections with those around you. ·Look at the World with Fresh Eyes. Scientists believe that much of what is called creativity is simply the ability to apply skills learned in one setting to problems in another setting. If you’re always learning, this means that when you face a familiar problem, you may be able to come at it with a (an) 19 solution, on the basis of your new knowledge. ·All the Greats are Doing It. Think of anyone, in any field, who is truly brilliant at what they do. They got where they ace through constant self-improvement. Truly talented people are constantly learning and 20 new skills. It’s worth joining them in this passion. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A. B.C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context Try Paper-Based Crafting to Cut Through Overthinking Since being diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder as a teenager, I’ve turned to medication, talking therapy, and exercise to alleviate my symptoms. Still, I often find it hard to “switch off”, and stop 21 thoughts. But, recently, I discovered a new tool to slice through my anxiety. In a collage (拼贴画) workshop, I cut images from magazines, and pasted them on to paper. Playing around with pictures, scissors, and glue, I was transported back to more creative childhood days — and experienced a deep sense of 22 . 23 drawing or painting, there’s no certain level of artistic skill required for a collage, while the pressure to make something ‘perfect’ is removed. By remixing readymade visuals, I was able to 24 the voice of my inner critic, and feel a different kind of creative freedom. Alongside the simple joy of cutting and arranging images, I learned that the final 25 can be meaningful, too. According to artist and teacher Hazel Pit, we mentally store certain past images in our minds — and collage allows us to access them. “With its endless possibilities, collage really is an ideal tool for accessing the unconscious mind, and expressing yourself,” she says. Hazel’s students have been surprised by the emotions reflected back to them in their compositions. As she explains: “Collage can act as a 26 conduit (渠道，通道) for the inner self,” and anyone can experience its benefits by following these steps. Grab your tools Gather visually-rich materials, including magazines and newspapers, leaflets, old books, vintage postcards, and photographs. Searching for forgotten pictures can 27 new ideas and emotional revelations. You will also need glue and a pair of 28 . For the background, choose paper or card that suits your personal style, from a piece of white A5 to a leftover delivery box. Work with what you have! Follow your intuition Pick out your images 29 . “Don’t overthink it, or hold the end product in mind,” says Hazel. Drawing on psychotherapist Carl Jung’s theories about images as metaphors in healing, she advises: “Only choose something that resonates with you, sparking an emotional reaction, as this will give your collage substance.” You might be 30 to certain colours, textures, or details, as well as figures, words, or scenes. At this stage, tear out the pages which feature appealing pictures, and place them in a pile. Cut, slice, and tear Cut out your chosen images or experiment with tearing with your hands for rougher edges. This repetitive act requires concentration and is soothing. “Cutting will put you in a meditative space,” says Hazel, “as you stop thinking about 31 issues and exist in the present moment.” Play around with pictures Arrange, rearrange, and layer your images, testing different combinations. Without constraints, allow your intuition to guide you. This is the most expressive part of the process, so embrace it. Pin and paste Once you’re happy with the arrangement, glue it down. Small pins can also help keep your composition in 32 . Reflect on your collage Finally, take time to reflect upon your collage. Does the choice and arrangement of pictures hold 33 ? Days later, it may speak to you about feelings or thoughts that you didn’t realize were bubbling beneath the surface. Generally speaking, collage requires no special 34 skill. The pressure to make something “perfect” gradually disappears. Studies suggest that creative activities like collage can reduce anxiety and strengthen one’s sense of 35 . 21．A．innovative B．reflective C．intrusive D．passive 22．A．suspicion B．curiosity C．tension D．calm 23．A．In addition to B．In contrast to C．In spite of D．In place of 24．A．silence B．prompt C．obey D．question 25．A．combination B．composition C．conclusion D．complement 26．A．mental B．physiological C．physical D．visual 27．A．block B．spark C．spell D．underestimate 28．A．knives B．tools C．scissors D．devices 29．A．carefully B．logically C．randomly D．instinctively 30．A．forced B．drawn C．exposed D．introduced 31．A．internal B．personal C．external D．minor 32．A．order B．mind C．balance D．shape 33．A．popularity B．difficulty C．convenience D．significance 34．A．technical B．practical C．artistic D．professional 35．A．identity B．humor C．self D．responsibility Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. (A) The other evening, my seven-year-old daughter Lily wandered into the kitchen, and asked me how soon her favorite cartoon would start. I just nodded my chin toward the old round clock that had hung on our kitchen wall since before she was born. “When the big hand points straight up and the little hand is on eight,” I said. She went quiet for a moment. Then I heard her sigh, “But Mom,” she said, “that doesn’t tell me numbers. My tablet gives me the time in numbers. Why can’t you just tell me like normal?” It struck me then that Lily, who could unlock my phone, find her favorite app, and send voice messages to her grandmother in seconds, had never actually learned to read a clock face. She lived in a world of digital numbers, where time was just digits glowing on a screen, not two hands moving slowly across a painted circle. I took the clock down from the wall and sat with her at the kitchen table. It took a while to explain that each number stood for five minutes, that the hands moved together like partners in a dance, that “half past” meant thirty and “quarter to” meant forty-five. She stared at the clock, clearly confused at first. Then suddenly her eyes lit up and she smiled. “It’s like a puzzle!” she said, and began pointing and counting under her breath. After a few more tries, she looked up. “So right now it’s twenty to eight?” she asked, and I nodded. I thought of my own mother then, who had taught me to tell time on the same clock when I was exactly Lily’s age. That clock had hung in our house for over thirty years, a quiet witness to countless bedtimes and hurried breakfasts. Lily ran off to watch her cartoon, but I stayed there, the old clock resting in my hands. Sometime thirty years ago, my mother leaned over this same table, pointing at those same hands, and I was the child who couldn’t read a clock. Now it is my turn. The clock ticks on, steady and sure, and I realize it has never really been just measuring time. It has been measuring love, passed quietly from one pair of hands to the next. 36．Why couldn’t Lily tell when her cartoon would start? A．She had poor eyesight. B．She couldn’t read clocks with hands. C．She didn’t trust the old clock. D．She hadn’t learned numbers yet. 37．How did Lily react when she finally worked out the clock? A．Confused. B．Frightened. C．Joyful. D．Blank. 38．What does the clock stand for in the text? A．Family affection and continuity. B．A valuable family antique. C．A disappearing old tradition. D．Happy childhood memories. 39．Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A．Lily’s Puzzle B．Two Generations C．Digital Times D．Love Ticks on (B) The City of Burlington public art program is presenting a series of temporary public art signs at the Beachway in conjunction with the Ontario Culture Days. This project will select 10 visual artists and 10 writers to create artwork that will be displayed on temporary signs along the multi-use path. This call is open to Burlington-based artists and is open to all art forms that can be presented in a sign format. This includes, but is not limited to: visual art, graphic art, photography, poetry, short story, non-fiction, etc. Submissions may be from existing or newly created work. The artist fee for this project is $400. The City of Burlington will pay for all costs related to the production, installation (安装) and maintenance of the signs.Estimated Project Timeline August 2 Call for Artists responses due By August 12 Successful artists selected; enter into a contract with the City of Burlington September 6 Final artwork files due September 23 — October 13 Artwork displayed for duration of Culture Days celebration Application Package Artwork Statement: Please provide a brief statement (maximum 150 words) outlining your artwork concept. Artwork or Writing Submission: •Visual Art Submission: Please submit an artwork sketch (草图) of your concept. This can be a work in progress rather than a completed piece. If you are proposing to use a completed artwork, please submit it as your “sketch”. •Writing Submission: Submissions must be a maximum of 250 words. It may be a stand-alone piece such as a poem or short story or a part taken from a larger piece. Artist Biography: Please provide a short introduction (maximum 50 words) to the artist written in the third person. 40．What is the purpose of this text? A．To raise money for local artists. B．To release a collection of artwork. C．To introduce a cultural festival. D．To call for artworks for a project. 41．How long will the public art signs be on display? A．Ten days. B．Three weeks. C．One month. D．Two months. 42．Which of the following meets the application requirements? A．A 150-word poem. B．A 100-word self-introduction. C．A 300-word story. D．A 200-word artwork statement. (C) Science fiction stories have imagined future people living in underground cities on Mars, in asteroids, and in space stations far from the sun. But if humans are ever to survive in any of those tough environments, they will need ways to grow food using limited resources-and photosynthesis (光合作用), the wildly successful yet energy-inefficient process by which plants turn sunlight into sugar, might not cut it. Now, some scientists are wondering whether it’s possible to produce food more efficiently by skipping photosynthesis altogether, and growing plants in the dark. The idea sounds as science fictional as cities on Mars. But a team of researchers has taken a first step toward realizing it with a study published in Nature Food in June. The research shows it is possible to grow algae (藻类), edible yeast (食用酵母), and mushroom-producing fungi (真菌) in the dark by supplying them with a carbon-based chemical that didn’t originate from plants, but instead was manufactured using solar electricity. That is, this method replaced biological photosynthesis with a partly artificial process for turning sunlight into food. Their process is a version of artificial photosynthesis, a term that has been around for years and includes various approaches to transforming sunlight, water, and CO2 into liquid fuels and other chemicals. The researchers say their work represents the first time an artificial photosynthesis system has been paired with an attempt to grow common food-producing organisms. The scientists are hopeful that this method could unlock new ways to produce food using less physical space and energy than traditional agriculture — including, perhaps, crops that can grow in the dark. While other experts are skeptical that it will ever be possible to redesign plant biology so thoroughly, they are excited by the technology the researchers have invented and the team’s out-of-the-box idea about how to make food production more efficient. Lynn Rothschild, a senior research scientist at NASA’s Ames Research Center, says it’s worth keeping an open mind about how any efforts to redesign a fundamental biological process like photosynthesis could be applied, in space or on Earth: “The payoff may be something we haven’t imagined yet.” 43．How could scientists grow algae in the dark according to the text? A．By giving them a chemical from plants. B．By giving them a chemical produced by solar electricity. C．By giving them physical space and energy. D．By giving them crops that grow in the dark. 44．Which of the following best describes artificial photosynthesis”? A．It uses sunlight, water, and CO2 inefficiently. B．It has been very successful. C．It helps to find new ways of producing food. D．The term has just been created. 45．What does the underlined word “out-of-the-box” mean in paragraph 5? A．Taken out from the box. B．Usable immediately. C．Mysterious. D．Very creative. 46．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A．How to grow fungi in the dark? B．What is artificial photosynthesis? C．Can food crops grow in the dark? D．How to turn sunlight into food? Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences in the box Each sentence can only be used once. Note that there are two sentences more than you need. In uncertain times, certainty is over-rated and over-rewarded Type the words “kind of”, “probably” or “perhaps” into an email in Microsoft Outlook and the program might well tell you to think again. If the artificial intelligence-powered “Microsoft Editor” decides you’re not sounding decisive enough, it will warn you: “ 47 ” To me, this suggestion encapsulates something we’ve got wrong in society: we live in a world that rewards those who speak with a strong opinion — even when that is misplaced — and gives very little airtime to those who acknowledge doubt. “ 48 Why? Because that’s psychologically satisfying,” says Dan Gardner, author of Future Babble. “That’s saying ‘let me sweep away the uncertainty for you’.” Research shows that the human brain is hard-wired to hate uncertainty: a 2016 study published in Nature Communications found that when volunteers were given electric shocks, their stress levels were highest when they had no idea whether they were going to be given a shock or not — higher even than subjects who were told they definitely would get one. While confident-sounding pundits might be giving us what our brains desire, the relief they are providing is probably not real. 49 In fact, Psychology professor Philip Tetlock found that there was an inverse (相反的) correlation between the fame of forecasters and their ability to predict the outcomes of events. Prof Tetlock divided up forecasters into “foxes” and “hedgehogs”. Foxes consider all sorts of different approaches and perspectives, and synthesize those into various “small” conclusions. Hedgehogs tend to view the world through the lens of one single defining idea. That makes the hedgehogs worse forecasters but more likely to get attention. 50 Mr Gardner suggests one way to do this would be to tag speakers with some kind of record of previous predictions, much as we are given performance statistics for racehorses or baseball players. A．Yet overconfident “thought leaders” and other public figures are usually the ones who get the most newspaper headlines and biggest social media followings. B．Highly confident statements also promote polarization, encouraging others to respond in the same kind of language when they disagree. C．We are drawn to, and more inclined to listen to, those pundits (权威/专家) who tell us a simple, clear, confident story. D．But wouldn’t it be better if we held “experts” and leaders to account? E．And it makes sense that when we’re all feeling anxious, we would want to feel that some adults somewhere know what they’re doing. F．Words expressing uncertainty lessen your impact. IV.Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point( s)of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Can Plants Light Our Cities? Scientists have long imagined city parks and streets lighted by plants that shine at night. The vision is attractive: living lights that need no wiring, that move with the wind, and that turn urban spaces into gardens of gentle light. Yet the science behind the dream is stubborn. Plants power themselves with photosynthesis, which converts only a tiny part of incoming sunlight into usable energy. Most estimates put the capture at under two percent, and plants must spend nearly all of that to stay alive. That leaves little spare energy to convert back into visible light. Because of this limit, engineers sometimes try to skip biology. Instead of making plants generate their own light, they inject leaves with “persistent phosphors,” the same kinds of materials that make plastic stars shine after the bedroom lights go out. These small particles can be spread through the tissues of the plants, producing bright, short-term colors. The trick works, but it is basically a stage effect. As the plant grows, the light fades; when the plant dies, the chemicals must be thrown away. Researchers also rarely address possible risks of releasing high-phosphor plants into gardens and landfills. A truly promising route would modify the plant rather than paint it. If future biotechnology enabled leaves to build biodegradable light-emitting molecules (分子), plants could store part of daylight and release it slowly after sunset. In theory, this might even assist photosynthesis by moderating changes in light levels and by converting otherwise useless wavelengths into ones the chloroplasts (叶绿体) can employ. You might picture fields that shine softly while continuing to grow through the night. For now, though, shining houseplants are mostly clever novelties. They are inspiring to look at, but they will not replace real streetlights any time soon. Use them to stimulate curiosity, not to light the city. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ V.Translation (共15分。第1小题和第2小题,每题3分;第3题4分;第4题5分。) Directions:Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets 52．奇怪的是，照相机的备用电池找不到了。(nowhere) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 53．对于一家百年老店而言，如何才能保持吸引力？ (take) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 54．意识到自己要独自应付如此繁重的工作量，她不禁感到忧心忡忡，心力交瘁。(not help) (汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ 55．这家公司的新管理层以员工福利和顾客信任为代价，追求降本增效，难怪它的声誉这么快就崩塌了。（expense）(汉译英) ____________________________________________________________________________________________ VI.Guided Writing (共25分) Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese 56．假设你是Alex，你的朋友Lora对摄影非常感兴趣，计划在今年寒假参加一个摄影工作坊（workshop）进一步研习。她发现了两个不同主题的工作坊，一个专注于自然风光摄影，另一个则是城市街头摄影。Lora对于选择哪个方向感到犹豫不决，因此她通过电子邮件向你求助。请你给Lora回复一封邮件，分享你的看法。你的回复需要包括： 1.对比两个工作坊； 2.根据Lora的情况，给出你认为她更适合参加的工作坊的建议。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页（共3页） 试卷第1页（共3页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $