Unit 5 词汇备课讲义 2026-2027学年沪教版英语九年级下册

新版沪教牛津九年级下册

Unit 5 词汇备课讲义

1. continent /ˈkɒntɪnənt/ n. 大陆；洲

 

• 近义词：land n.陆地

 

• 反义词：ocean n.海洋

 

• 词性转换：continental adj.大陆的；大洲的

 

• 固定搭配：the Asian continent 亚洲大陆；different continents 不同大洲

 

• 例句1：Many kinds of animals live on this continent.

翻译：许多种类的动物生活在这片大陆上。

 

• 例句2：People from different continents have different cultures.

翻译：来自不同大洲的人们拥有不同的文化。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. This plant is native to the African ______ (continent).

 

2. There are many ______ (continent) climates around the world.

 

答案&解析

 

1. continent；the African continent 非洲大陆，填名词原形

 

2. continental；形容词修饰名词climates，大陆性的

 

2. relation /rɪˈleɪʃn/ n. 关系；联系；交往

 

• 近义词：connection n.联系

 

• 反义词：disconnection n.断绝联系

 

• 词性转换：relationship n.关系；relate v.联系；relative adj.相关的

 

• 固定搭配：in relation to 关于；与……有关；public relations 公共关系

 

• 例句1：We should build good relations with neighbouring countries.

翻译：我们应当和邻国建立良好的交往关系。

 

• 例句2：The report talks in relation to ancient trade.

翻译：这份报告谈及古代贸易相关内容。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. We need to improve the ______ (relation) between the two cities.

 

2. This problem ______ (relate) to history and culture.

 

答案&解析

1. relations；improve relations 改善关系，常用复数

 

2. relates；主语problem单数，一般现在时谓语用三单relates

 

3. relationship /rɪˈleɪʃnʃɪp/ n. 联系；（人、团体、国家之间的）关系

 

• 近义词：relation n.关系；bond n.纽带

 

• 词性转换：relate v.联系；relation n.关系

 

• 固定搭配：a close relationship 紧密的关系；develop a relationship 建立关系

 

• 例句1：The two countries keep a close relationship in trade.

翻译：这两个国家在贸易方面保持紧密关系。

 

• 例句2：Good communication helps keep a good relationship.

翻译：良好的沟通有助于维持良好关系。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. The ______ (relationship) between cultures is important.

 

2. We should learn how ______ (relate) to different people.

 

答案&解析

 

1. relationship；作主语，名词原形

 

2. to relate；“疑问词+to do”结构，如何与……相处

 

4. passenger /ˈpæsɪndʒə(r)/ n. 乘客；旅客

 

• 近义词：traveller n.旅行者

 

• 反义词：driver n.司机

 

• 固定搭配：plane passengers 飞机乘客；pick up passengers 接旅客

 

• 例句1：All the passengers on the ship enjoyed the sea view.

翻译：船上所有乘客都欣赏了海景。

 

• 例句2：The bus can hold over fifty passengers.

翻译：这辆公交车可以容纳五十多名乘客。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. Several ______ (passenger) got hurt in the accident.

 

2. Every ______ (passenger) must follow the safety rules.

 

答案&解析

 

1. passengers；several后接可数名词复数

 

2. passenger；every后接可数名词单数

 

5. ton /tʌn/ n. 吨

 

• 固定搭配：tons of 大量；a ton of 一吨……

 

• 例句1：The ship can carry thousands of tons of goods.

翻译：这艘船可以运载数千吨货物。

 

• 例句2：Tons of tea were sent abroad in ancient times.

翻译：古代有成吨的茶叶运往海外。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. They bought two ______ (ton) of local goods.

 

2. ______ (ton) of silk were traded across the sea.

 

答案&解析

 

1. tons；two后面接复数tons

 

2. Tons；tons of 大量，句首大写

 

6. pepper /ˈpepə(r)/ n. 胡椒粉

 

• 词性转换：peppery adj.辛辣的

 

• 固定搭配：salt and pepper 盐和胡椒粉

 

• 例句1：Please add some pepper to the dish.

翻译：请往菜里加一点胡椒粉。

 

• 例句2：Pepper was a valuable product in old days.

翻译：胡椒粉在古代是很贵重的商品。

 

词性转换练习

 

1. In the past, ______ (pepper) was very expensive in Europe.

 

2. This dish has a ______ (pepper) taste.

 

答案&解析

 

1. pepper；不可数名词作主语

 

2. peppery；形容词修饰taste，辛辣的

 

7. giraffe /dʒəˈrɑːf/ n. 长颈鹿

 

• 固定搭配：a group of giraffes 一群长颈鹿

 

• 例句1：Giraffes are tall animals living in Africa.

翻译：长颈鹿是生活在非洲的高大动物。

 

• 例句2：A giraffe has a very long neck.