Unit6 Earth first词汇专项提升训练（含答案）2026-2027学年高中英语外研版必修第二册

外研版高中英语必修第二册

Unit6 Earth first词汇专项提升训练

一、重点单词词性转换

1. environment (n.) 环境 → ________ (adj.) 环境的 → ________ (adv.) 环境上
2. pollute (v.) 污染 → ________ (n.) 污染 → ________ (n.) 污染物
3. recycle (v.) 回收利用 → ________ (n.) 回收利用 → ________ (adj.) 可回收的
4. renew (v.) 更新；再生 → ________ (adj.) 可再生的 → ________ (n.) 更新
5. sustain (v.) 维持 → ________ (adj.) 可持续的 → ________ (n.) 可持续性
6. conserve (v.) 保护 → ________ (n.) 保护 → ________ (n.) 环保主义者
7. protect (v.) 保护 → ________ (n.) 保护 → ________ (adj.) 保护的
8. harm (n.) 伤害 → ________ (adj.) 有害的 → ________ (adj.) 无害的
9. damage (v.) 损害 → ________ (adj.) 受损的 → ________ (adj.) 破坏性的
10. waste (v.) 浪费 → ________ (adj.) 浪费的 → ________ (adv.) 浪费地
11. energy (n.) 能量 → ________ (adj.) 精力充沛的 → ________ (adv.) 精力充沛地
12. industry (n.) 工业 → ________ (adj.) 工业的 → ________ (adj.) 工业化的
13. chemistry (n.) 化学 → ________ (adj.) 化学的 → ________ (adv.) 化学上
14. nature (n.) 自然 → ________ (adj.) 自然的 → ________ (adv.) 自然地
15. globe (n.) 地球 → ________ (adj.) 全球的 → ________ (adv.) 全球性地
16. consume (v.) 消耗 → ________ (n.) 消耗 → ________ (n.) 消费者
17. produce (v.) 生产 → ________ (n.) 生产 → ________ (n.) 产品
18. economy (n.) 经济 → ________ (adj.) 经济的 → ________ (adv.) 经济上
19. electric (adj.) 电的 → ________ (n.) 电 → ________ (adj.) 与电有关的
20. emit (v.) 排放 → ________ (n.) 排放物 → ________ (n.) 排放者
21. nation (n.) 国家 → ________ (adj.) 国家的 → ________ (n.) 国籍
22. develop (v.) 发展 → ________ (n.) 发展 → ________ (adj.) 发展中的

二、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空

1. The ________ (environment) damage caused by the factory, which had been dumping waste into the river for years, was finally exposed by a student's report.
2. Air ________ (pollute) in the city has fallen by a third since the old buses were replaced, according to figures published last month, which surprised the council.

3. Scientists have found high levels of ________ (pollutant) in the soil near the old mine, which closed in 1978 but was never properly cleaned.
4. Only a quarter of the household waste in this area is ________ (recycle), although the council has provided three different bins for every home.
5. By 2030, more than half of the country's electricity will come from ________ (renew) sources such as wind and sun, according to the government's new plan.
6. Nobody seriously believes that this kind of farming is ________ (sustain), since it uses far more water than the land can supply, even in a wet year.
7. The ________ (conserve) of the wetland, which began in 1995, has brought back birds that had not been seen here for thirty years.
8. The snow leopard is still ________ (endanger), despite a ban on hunting that has been in force since the 1970s, because its hunting grounds are shrinking.
9. The chemicals were believed to be ________ (harm) to fish, so the factory was ordered to stop using them within a year, though the company protested.
10. The storm ________ (damage) hundreds of trees along the river, and the wood was later given to local families for firewood, which saved them a lot of money.
11. Leaving the tap running for ten minutes is ________ (waste), especially in a region where water is carried in by truck, and costs the school a fortune.
12. The children were surprisingly ________ (energy) after the long walk, running around the field while the adults sat down, complaining about their aching feet.
13. The ________ (industry) revolution began here in the 1780s, and the same rivers that powered the mills are now being cleaned, at enormous public expense.
14. Farmers near the lake have been warned about the ________ (chemistry) fertilisers that drain into the water and feed the algae, which turn the water green.
15. The area is protected because it contains a ________ (nature) habitat found nowhere else in northern Europe, and three species of rare butterfly.
16. Rising sea levels are a ________ (globe) problem, yet the countries that cause it least are often the ones most at risk, which many find deeply unfair.
17. Water ________ (consume) in the city has fallen since meters were fitted, though the population has grown by ten per cent, which nobody had predicted.
18. The country now ________ (produce) more solar power than it can use, and the surplus is sold to its neighbours at a price agreed last spring.

19. The ________ (protect) of the coastline, which began after the floods of 2013, has cost far more than the government expected, and is still far from complete.
20. Carbon ________ (emit) from cars fell sharply during the lockdown, but rose again as soon as people returned to work, which disappointed campaigners who had hoped for change.
21. ________ (develop) countries often lack the money to build clean power stations, even though they suffer most from climate change, which they did little to cause.
22. The planet has ________ (warm) by about 1.2 degrees since pre-industrial times, and the pace is speeding up, according to three separate studies.
23. Sea levels are ________ (rise) faster than scientists predicted ten years ago, which puts low-lying islands at serious risk, and some may be empty by 2100.
24. The reef is being ________ (threaten) by warming water, which causes the coral to lose the algae that give it colour, and eventually to die.
25. Households that ________ (reduce) their energy use by a fifth received a small payment from the government last winter, a scheme that is now being copied.
26. Nearly a third of the food bought in Britain is ________ (waste), which is both a moral and an environmental problem, and costs families hundreds of pounds a year.
27. The ________ (plastic) bottles that wash up on this beach come from as far away as Spain, carried by currents that cross the Atlantic.
28. Few shoppers are ________ (aware) of how much water is needed to produce a single cotton shirt, which is why campaigns matter, however simple their message.
29. The new refrigerant was advertised as ________ (harm), but later studies showed it contributed to warming just as much, which the manufacturer had known for years.
30. The river is so ________ (pollute) that swimming has been banned since 2016, although the factories upstream deny any responsibility, and refuse to pay for the clean-up.

三、根据句子中首字母提示完成合适的单词填空

1. Protecting the e________ is not a hobby for wealthy countries, since the poorest communities suffer first when rivers dry up, and nobody can move away.
2. The p________ in the air over the city is so thick that schools close on the worst days, which happens about twenty times a year.
3. Households are asked to r________ glass separately, because it can be melted down and reused almost without any loss of quality, however many times it is processed.
4. Wind is the cheapest r________ source in this region, which is why so many turbines have appeared on the hills since 2010, despite loud local opposition.

参考答案

一、重点单词词性转换。

1. environmental; environmentally
2. pollution; pollutant
3. recycling; recyclable
4. renewable; renewal
5. sustainable; sustainability
6. conservation; conservationist
7. protection; protective
8. harmful; harmless
9. damaged; damaging
10. wasteful; wastefully
11. energetic; energetically
12. industrial; industrialised
13. chemical; chemically
14. natural; naturally
15. global; globally
16. consumption; consumer
17. production; product
18. economic; economically
19. electricity; electrical
20. emission; emitter
21. national; nationality
22. development; developing

二、根据括号里单词的正确形式填空。

1. environmental
2. pollution
3. pollutants
4. recycled
5. renewable
6. sustainable
7. conservation
8. endangered
9. harmful
10. damaged
11. wasteful
12. energetic
13. industrial
14. chemical
15. natural
16. global
17. consumption
18. produces
19. protection
20. emissions
21. developing
22. warmed
23. rising
24. threatened
25. reduced
26. wasted
27. plastic
28. aware
29. harmless
30. polluted

三、根据句子中首字母提示完成合适的单词填空。

1. environment
2. pollution
3. recycle
4. renewable
5. energy
6. carbon
7. greenhouse
8. sustainable
9. conservation
10. endangered
11. waste
12. plastic
13. damage
14. protection
15. harmful
16. planet
17. climate
18. forest
19. ocean
20. species
21. solar
22. electric
23. rubbish
24. litter
25. drought
26. flood
27. temperature
28. ecosystem
29. packaging
30. green

四、用括号里汉语提示完成单词填空。

1. environment
2. pollution
3. recycle
4. Renewable
5. energy
6. carbon
7. greenhouse
8. sustainable
9. conservation
10. endangered
11. waste
12. plastic
13. damage
14. harmful
15. planet
16. climate
17. forest
18. ocean
19. species
20. oxygen
21. solar
22. electric
23. rubbish
24. Litter
25. drought
26. flood
27. temperature
28. ecosystem
29. packaging
30. fuels
31. resource
32. coal
33. emissions
34. survive
35. balance
36. reduce
37. green
38. environmentalist
39. pollutants
40. global