Unit 8 Knowing the world（知识清单）英语新教材冀教版七年级上册

Unit 8 Knowing the world 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、交际动作类： 1._________________________/ɪnˈvaɪt/ v. 邀请；请求 _______________________________________________（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） 2._________________________ /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；假定；设想 __________________________________________________（你应该准时到达。） 3._________________________/ɡes/ v. 猜测；估计 n. 猜测；猜想 __________________________________________________猜猜我现在在哪里。） 4._________________________ /tʊə(r)/ v. 旅行 n. 旅游；观光 _______________________________________________（今年夏天我们将要游历许多国家。） 5._________________________/raɪd/ v. 骑；乘坐 __________________________________________________（你可以在沙漠骑骆驼。） 6._________________________ /ˈkæri/ v. 搬运；带走 __________________________________________________（骆驼可以搬运重物。） 二、国家地域人文类： 1._________________________ /ˈkʌntri/ n. 国；国家 __________________________________________________（中国是一个伟大的国家。） 2._________________________/nəʊn/ adj. 知名的；已知的 __________________________________________________（杭州因西湖而闻名。） 3._________________________/ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 流行的；广受欢迎的；大众的 __________________________________________________（这种汤在俄罗斯很受欢迎。） 4._________________________ /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都；资金 __________________________________________________（北京是中国的首都。） 5._________________________ /əˈkrɒs/ prep. 横过；遍及 adv. 横过 __________________________________________________（俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆。） 6._________________________ /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的；众多的 __________________________________________________（它是面积最大的国家。） 7._________________________ /ˈeəriə/ n. 面积；地区；领域 __________________________________________________（这片森林面积50平方千米。） 8._________________________/ˈrʌʃn/ n. 俄语；俄罗斯人 adj. 俄罗斯的 __________________________________________________（俄罗斯大多数人讲俄语。） 9._________________________ /ˈnæʃnl/ adj. 国家的 __________________________________________________（我们可以在国家公园看见熊。） 10._________________________/saʊθ/ n. 南；南方 adj. 南方的；向南的 __________________________________________________（海南在中国的南方。） 11._________________________ /ˈsʌðən/ adj. 南方的 __________________________________________________（南非在非洲南部。） 12._________________________/nɔːθ/ adj. 北方的；向北的 n. 北；北方 __________________________________________________（哈尔滨在中国北方。） 13._________________________ /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj. 非洲的 n. 非洲人 __________________________________________________（非洲狮子很强壮。） 14._________________________ /əˈmerɪkən/ adj. 美洲的；美国的 n. 美洲人；美国人 __________________________________________________（这个美国男孩喜欢中国食物。） 15._________________________ /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的 __________________________________________________（我想学一些外语。） 16._________________________ /kɪˈlɒmɪtə(r)/ n. 千米；公里 __________________________________________________（这条河大约6000千米长。） 三、温度季节活动类： 1._________________________ /bæˈɡet/ n.（法国）脆皮白面包棒 __________________________________________________（法棍是著名的法国食物。） 2._________________________ /ˈjʌmi/ adj. 很好吃的 __________________________________________________（这个蛋糕很好吃。） 3._________________________/biːt/ n. 甜菜；糖萝卜 __________________________________________________（甜菜汤在俄罗斯很受欢迎。） 4._________________________ /ˈteɪsti/ adj. 美味的；可口的 __________________________________________________（这些馅饼很美味。） 5._________________________ /paɪ/ n. 馅饼；派 __________________________________________________（我想要一个苹果派。） 6._________________________ /swiːt/ adj. 甜的；可爱的 n. 甜食；糖果 __________________________________________________（孩子们非常喜欢甜食。） 7._________________________/ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的；典型的 __________________________________________________（对他来说早起很正常。） 8._________________________/miːl/ n. 一顿饭 __________________________________________________（我们一起享用一顿美味的饭。） 9._________________________/dɪˈzɜːt/ n.（饭后）甜点，甜食 __________________________________________________（我们吃一些水果当作甜点。） 10._________________________ /tʃɪp/ n. 炸薯条 __________________________________________________（孩子们喜欢吃鱼和炸薯条。） 11._________________________ /rɪtʃ/ adj. 丰富多彩的；富有的 _______________________________________________（中国拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化。） 四、事物地点类： 1._________________________ /ˈbʌfələʊ/ n. 水牛 ________________________________________________（我们可以在这个地区看见水牛。） 2._________________________ /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景；景色 __________________________________________________（非洲的风景令人惊叹。） 3._________________________ /ˈmaʊntən/ n. 山；山脉 __________________________________________________（这个国家有许多高山。） 4._________________________/ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林 __________________________________________________（许多动物住在森林里。） 5._________________________ /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 __________________________________________________（这个瀑布十分壮观。） 6._________________________ /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒原 __________________________________________________（骆驼生活在沙漠。） 7._________________________/fɔːl/ n. 瀑布；下落 v. 下落；跌倒 __________________________________________________（这个瀑布很美。） 8._________________________ /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 使人激动的；令人兴奋的 __________________________________________________（环游世界令人兴奋。） 9._________________________ /draɪ/ adj. 干的；干燥的 v.（使）变干 __________________________________________________（沙漠非常干燥。） 10._________________________/ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 __________________________________________________（雨林的降雨量很大。） 11._________________________/ˈkæml/ n. 骆驼 __________________________________________________（骆驼是沙漠之舟。） 12._________________________ /θruː/ prep. 穿过；直至；凭借 adv. 通过 __________________________________________________（这条河流穿过森林。） 13._________________________/ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ n.（热带）雨林 __________________________________________________（大量动物生活在雨林。） 五、形容词副词代词类： 1._________________________/ˈvɪdiəʊ/ n. 视频；录像 __________________________________________________（我们现在正在视频通话。） 2._________________________ /ˈtiː ʃɜːt/ n. T 恤衫 __________________________________________________（炎热夏天我穿T恤衫。） 3._________________________ /ˈhevɪli/ adv. 大量地；沉重地 __________________________________________________（泰国四月雨下得很大。） 4._________________________/skɑːf/ n. 围巾 __________________________________________________（寒冷冬天你需要一条围巾。） 5._________________________ /ɡlʌv/ n.（分手指的）手套 __________________________________________________（天冷的时候我需要一副手套。） 6._________________________ /buːt/ n. 靴子 __________________________________________________（出门前他穿上靴子。） 7._________________________/ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 的确；真正地 __________________________________________________（这的确是一个很棒的地方。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1._________________________ 邀请某人做某事 _______________________________________________（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） 2._________________________一起吃晚餐 __________________________________________________（这周末我们将一起吃晚饭。） 3._________________________ 应该做；被期望做 __________________________________________________（你应该遵守规则。） 4._________________________ 从……带来某物 __________________________________________________（请从家里带一些水果。） 5._________________________ 因……而闻名 __________________________________________________（桂林因秀丽山水而闻名。） 6._________________________ 受……欢迎 __________________________________________________（这个游戏很受小孩子欢迎。） 7._________________________ 迫不及待做某事 ________________________________________________（我迫不及待想要访问这个外国。） 8._________________________ 想要做某事 __________________________________________________（我想要给你讲讲我的祖国。） 9._________________________告诉某人关于某事 __________________________________________________（请跟我讲讲你的家乡。） 10._________________________ 说俄语 __________________________________________________（俄罗斯很多人说俄语。） 11._________________________四处走动；漫步 _______________________________________________（我们可以在国家公园里四处漫步。） 12._________________________ 参观长城 __________________________________________________（我希望有一天去参观长城。） 13._________________________ 穿过；贯穿 __________________________________________________（这条河流穿过这座大城市。） 14._________________________进行视频通话 __________________________________________________（我们正和外国朋友视频通话。） 15._________________________脱下；取下；（飞机等）起飞 __________________________________________________（你可以在这里脱下厚重外套。） 16._________________________享受凉爽的海水 __________________________________________________（游客夏天享受凉爽的海水。） 17._________________________ 照顾；照料 __________________________________________________（大象可以照看幼崽。） 18._________________________记得做某事 __________________________________________________（记得随身带上你的雨衣。） 二、介词短语： 1._________________________ 一种；一类 __________________________________________________（法棍是一种法国面包。） 2._________________________ 全世界 __________________________________________________（全世界的人们都喜爱熊猫。） 3._________________________悠久的历史和丰富的文化 _____________________________________________（中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。） 4._________________________ 是……的家园；有……栖息 __________________________________________________（这片森林是许多鸟类的家园。） 5._________________________ 来自 __________________________________________________（你来自哪里？） 6._________________________横跨欧亚大陆 __________________________________________________（俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆。） 7._________________________最大的国家 ______________________________________________（俄罗斯是世界上面积最大的国家。） 8._________________________…的首都 __________________________________________________（北京是中国的首都。） 9._________________________沙漠之舟 __________________________________________________（骆驼是沙漠之舟。） 10._________________________ 打雪仗 __________________________________________________（孩子们冬天打雪仗。） 11._________________________ 随身携带雨衣 __________________________________________________（去泰国的时候随身带上雨衣。） 12._________________________在未来 __________________________________________________（未来我们会游历更多国家。） 13._________________________三分之二 _______________________________________________（海洋覆盖地球三分之二的面积。） 14._________________________ 富有……；充满…… __________________________________________________（这片土地拥有丰富的动植物。） 15._________________________因为；由于 __________________________________________________（因为大雨他不能外出。） 三、固定搭配短语： 1._________________________做某事很令人惊奇 __________________________________________________（爬长城会是件很奇妙的事。） 2._________________________ 泼水节 __________________________________________________（人们泼水节玩得很开心。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、邀请聚餐句型： 1._______________________________________________ 杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。 二、询问来自哪里句型： 1.__________________________________________________ 你来自哪个城市？ 2.__________________________________________________ 你呢？ 三、评价感受句型： 1.__________________________________________________那听起来很棒。 2.__________________________________________________ 那听起来很令人兴奋。 四、国家介绍句型： 1.__________________________________________________今天我想给你讲讲我的祖国。 2._______________________________________________ 它有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。 3.__________________________________________________我想要环游世界。 4.__________________________________________________ 有一天去爬长城会很美妙。 五、旅行季节天气句型： 1.__________________________________________________ 你可以脱下厚重的衣服，享受凉爽的海水。 2.__________________________________________________泰国的天气怎么样？ 3.__________________________________________________记得随身携带雨衣。 六、地理科普句型： 1.__________________________________________________ 我们的星球只有大约三分之一是陆地。 2.__________________________________________________ 世界上有多少个大洲？ 语法 数词（基数词、序数词） 写作 谈论日期、天气与节日 一、知识点精讲 知识点1：invite sb. to do sth. / invite sb. to sp. 固定短语 精讲 ① _________________________ 邀请某人做某事，to为不定式符号。 Jack invites his friends to have dinner together.（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） ② _________________________，邀请某人去某地，to是介词。 He invited me to his home.（他邀请我去他家。） 拓展 _________________________n. 邀请函；邀请。 知识点2：be supposed to do sth. 固定句型 精讲 ① _________________________ 理应、应该做某事，侧重按照习俗、规定应当做。 You are supposed to follow the rules.（你应该遵守规则。） ② 辨析 be supposed to do 与 should：_________________________ 强调外界规定、习俗；_________________________ 侧重个人主观建议。 拓展 suppose v. 认为；设想。I suppose you are right.（我认为你是对的。） 知识点3：be known for / as / to 短语辨析 精讲 ① _________________________ = _________________________，因……而出名，后接出名的原因、特产。 We're known for a kind of bread called baguette.（我们以一种叫法棍面包的面包而闻名。） ② _________________________= _________________________，作为……而出名，后接身份。 Lu Xun is known as a great writer.（鲁迅作为一名伟大作家而出名。） ③ _________________________ 为某人所熟知。 知识点4：be popular in / be popular with 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________，在某地流行。 This is beet soup. It's popular in Russia.（这是甜菜汤。它在俄罗斯非常受欢迎。） ② _________________________ 受到……人的欢迎。 Pop music is popular with the young.（流行音乐受到年轻人的欢迎。） 知识点5：can't wait to do sth. 固定搭配 精讲 ① _________________________ 迫不及待做某事，后接动词原形。 I can't wait to eat.（我迫不及待要吃了。） ② _________________________，迫不及待等待某物。 拓展 _________________________ 等待某人。 知识点6：rich 一词多义 精讲 ① _________________________ adj. 富有的，反义词_________________________。 The businessman is very rich.（这个商人很富有。） ② _________________________ adj. 丰富多彩的；丰富的。 It has a long history and rich culture.（它拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。） 拓展 _________________________富有…… 知识点7：capital 名词用法 精讲 ① capital n.【可数】首都；首府；_________________________……的首都。 The capital city is Beijing.（中国的首都是北京。） 知识点8：across / through / cross 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________介词/副词，物体表面横穿。 Russia goes across Europe and Asia.（俄罗斯横跨欧洲和亚洲。） ② _________________________ 介词，从物体内部穿过。 We walked through the forest.（我们穿过森林。） ③ _________________________ 动词 = go across 穿过。 He crossed the road carefully.（他小心地穿过马路。） 知识点9：large & area 单词考点 精讲 ① _________________________adj. 大的；众多的；largest 最高级，规模体积数目大。 It is the largest country in area.（它是面积最大的国家。） ② _________________________n. 面积；地区；领域；be … in area = have an area of … 面积为……。 The room is 20 square metres in area.（这个房间的面积是20平方米。） 知识点10：Russian 名词形容词变形 精讲 ① _________________________ adj. 俄罗斯的。 He likes eating Russian food.（他喜欢吃俄罗斯食物。） ② _________________________n. 俄语（不可数）；俄罗斯人（可数，复数 Russians）。 Most people speak Russian.（大多数人讲俄语。） 知识点11：see sb. do / see sb. doing 感官动词 精讲 ① _________________________ 看见某人正在做某事，动作正在发生。 You can see brown bears walking around in national parks.（你可以看见棕熊正在国家公园里四处走动。） ② _________________________ 看见某人做某事（全过程、经常性）。 I see him walk to school every day.（我每天看见他步行去上学。） 知识点12：south / southern 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________n. 南方；前面一般加 the；in the south of 在……南部（内部）。 It is in the south of China.（它在中国南部。） ② _________________________adj. 南方的，放在名词前作定语。 It really is in southern Africa.（它确实是在非洲南部。） 知识点13："基数词+单位+形容词"长度表达 精讲 ① 基数词 + 单位名词 + 形容词(long/wide/deep/high) 描述长宽高深。 It's about 6,000 kilometres long.（它长约 6000 公里。） 知识点14：It is + adj. + to do sth. 形式主语句型 精讲 ①_________________________作形式主语，真正主语是后面不定式 to do。 It would be amazing to climb the Great Wall.（爬长城将是件令人惊奇的事。） 知识点15：-ing / -ed 形容词 exciting / excited 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________adj. 令人兴奋的，修饰事物。 That sounds exciting.（那听起来很令人兴奋。） ② _________________________ adj. 感到兴奋的，修饰人；be excited about sth. 对……感到兴奋。 I am excited about the coming trip.（我对即将到来的旅行感到兴奋。） 知识点16：guess 一词多义 精讲 ① _________________________ v. 猜测；可接名词、that 从句、wh-从句。 Guess where I am now.（猜猜我现在在哪里。） 拓展 交际口语：_________________________ 我想是吧；_________________________ 我想不是。 知识点17：成双成对类复数名词 精讲 ① gloves, shoes, socks, pants, glasses 这类由两部分组成的物品常用复数；表达"一副/一双"用 a pair of。 I'm wearing a scarf, gloves, and boots.（我围着围巾，戴着手套，穿着靴子。） 知识点18：take off 多义短语 精讲 ① take off "_________________________"；代词放中间，名词可放中间或后面。 You can take off your heavy clothes.（你可以脱掉你的厚重的衣服。） ② take off（飞机）_________________________。 The plane will take off soon.（飞机很快就要起飞。） 知识点19：remember to do / remember doing 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________ 记得要去做某事（事情还没做），同义 don't forget to do。 Remember to take a raincoat with you.（记得随身携带雨衣。） ② _________________________ 记得做过某事（事情已经做完）。 I remember meeting you before.（我记得以前见过你。） 知识点20：分数表达法 精讲 ① 分子用_________________________，分母用_________________________；分子大于1，分母序数词加-s。 Oceans cover two thirds of the earth's surface.（海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。） 特例：1/2 a half；1/4 a quarter；3/4 three-quarters。 知识点21：be rich with 固定短语 精讲 ① _________________________ 富有……，后接事物名词。 Some land is rich with green forests, fresh water, and good soil.（一些土地上富有绿植、淡水和肥沃的土壤。） 知识点22：because 和 because of 辨析 精讲 ① _________________________ + 完整句子（连词）。 He stayed at home because it rained.（因为下雨，他待在家。） ② _________________________+ 名词 / 代词宾格 / doing（介词短语）。 But some places are difficult for humans to live because of the snow and ice.（但是有些地方因为冰雪而难以居住。） 二、核心语法精讲 it 的用法 1. 语法特征 it 是代词，可以指代物、时间、天气、距离、不明身份的人，还可以做形式主语。 2. 主要用法 （1）指代前文提到的事物、动物。 例：Look at the little dog! Isn't it cute?（看这只小狗！难道它不可爱吗？） （2）指代时间、日期、天气、距离、价格。 例：It is 7:00 now.（指时间） It's snowing heavily.（指天气） It is 5 kilometres from my home to school.（指距离） （3）指代婴儿、敲门身份不明的人。 例：There is a knock on the door. It may be the postman.（有人在敲门。可能是邮递员。） （4）it 作形式主语：It + be + 形容词 + to do sth.，it 无实际含义，真正主语是后面动词不定式。 例：It is polite to say thank you when someone helps you.（当有人帮助你时，说声谢谢是礼貌的。） 三、单元写作清单 1. 写作话题 谈论世界（介绍国家、地区、自然景观） 2. 写作框架 开头：引出要介绍的国家/自然景观 中间两层：①地理位置；当地气候天气；②特色：动植物、美食、建筑 结尾：个人感受、期待、祝愿 3. 核心写作素材 好词：country, capital, kilometre, forest, desert, rainforest, camel, rich, culture, because of 好句： ① ____ is in ____. ……位于……（大洲）。 ② The weather there is usually …… 那里天气通常…… ③ It has a long history and rich culture. 它拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。 ④ I hope I can visit it one day. 我希望有一天可以去那里。 4. 满分范文 基础版 Hi! Today I want to share something about the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon Rainforest is in South America. It is very big. The weather there is always hot and rainy. There are many tall trees and colourful birds. You can also see monkeys jumping in the trees. I think the Amazon Rainforest is very interesting. I hope I can visit it one day. 提升版 Hi! Today I'd like to tell you something about the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon Rainforest lies in South America and it covers a huge area. Because of lots of rainfall, it is always hot and wet all year round. It is home to thousands of kinds of plants and animals. You can see tall trees, lovely birds and clever monkeys there. It is really a magic natural world. I really hope I can take a tour there in the future. 易错点1：be known for / as 混淆 【助记口诀】 for 接原因和特产；as 接身份职业 【错因辨析】 be known for 因……出名；be known as 作为……身份而出名。 1.Hangzhou ____ the West Lake. A. is known as B. is known for C. known for D. known as 2.Mo Yan ____ a great writer. A. is known for B. is known as C. known for D. known as 易错点2：across / through / cross 辨析 【助记口诀】 across 表面过，through 里面穿，cross 动词等于 go across 【错因辨析】 across 和 through 是介词副词；cross 是实义动词，学生经常句子同时写 go cross。 1.The river runs ____ the big forest. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 2.Be careful when you walk ____ the street. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 易错点3：see sb. do / see sb. doing 【助记口诀】 doing 看见正在做；do 看见全过程、经常性 【错因辨析】 看到动作正在发生用 doing；看到全过程或者经常发生用动词原形 do。 1.I saw some bears ____ around when I walked past the park. A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked 2.I often see him ____ books under the tree after school. A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read 易错点4：-ed / -ing 形容词 excited / exciting 【助记口诀】 ing 修饰事物令人……；ed 修饰人感到…… 【错因辨析】 exciting 事物令人兴奋；excited 人感到兴奋，考试高频混用。 1.The trip to desert is very ____. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excites 2.I feel ____ about the coming trip. A. exciting B. excitement C. excite D. excited 易错点5：remember to do / remember doing 【助记口诀】 to do 事情还没做；doing 事情已经做完 【错因辨析】 remember to do 记得要去做；remember doing 记得曾经做过。 1.Remember ____ your raincoat when you go to Thailand. A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes 2.I remember ____ him somewhere before. A. meet B. to meet C. meets D. meeting 易错点6：分数表达，分子大于1分母加 s 【助记口诀】 分子基数词，分母序数词，大于1分母加-s 【错因辨析】 two thirds 不要写 two third；1/2 特殊 a half。 1.____ of the earth's surface is water. A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Two three D. Two threes 2.About ____ of students in our class like travelling. A. one five B. one fives C. one fifth D. one fifths 易错点7：because 和 because of 辨析 【助记口诀】 because 接完整句子，because of 接名词代词 doing 【错因辨析】 because 连词后面必须是完整主谓句子；because of 介词短语后面接名词词组。 1.He can't go out ____ the bad weather. A. because B. because of C. so D. for 2.He didn't go out ____ it rained heavily. A. because of B. because C. so D. but 易错点8：it 作形式主语句型 【助记口诀】 It + be + adj. + to do；真正主语后面不定式 【错因辨析】 学生经常写 To climb the Great Wall is amazing，书面优先用 it 形式主语。 1.____ amazing to visit the Great Wall one day. A. That is B. It is C. This is D. To is 2.It is important ____ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns 一、根据首字母提示写单词 1.Jack will i____ his friends to have dinner this weekend. 2.Hangzhou is k____ for the beautiful West Lake. 3.Beijing is the c____ city of China. 4.The river runs t____ the big forest. 5.We can see many camels in the d____. 6.I can't w____ to travel around the world. 7.R____ speak Russian in their country. 8.R____ to take your raincoat with you when you travel to Thailand. 9.Two t____ of the earth is covered by water. 10.He didn't go travelling b____ of the bad weather. 二、单项选择 1.My good friend invites me ____ to the cinema with him. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 2.You ____ follow the school rules. It is our school's rule. A. suppose to B. are supposed to C. should to D. are suppose to 3.Guilin ____ its beautiful mountains and water. A. is known as B. is known for C. known for D. known as 4.Be careful when you walk ____ the busy road. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 5.When I passed the park, I saw some kids ____ happily. A. play B. playing C. plays D. played 6.The trip to the rainforest is really very ____. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 7.Remember ____ your homework before you go out. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finishes 8.____ of our classmates love travelling. A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Two three D. Two threes 9.He stayed at home ____ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. so D. but 10.____ amazing to travel around the world in the future. A. It is B. That is C. This is D. It 三、句型转换 1.It is known for its long history.（改为同义句） It ____ ____ as a country with long history. 2.I saw him. He was reading books under the tree.（合并一句） I saw him ____ books under the tree. 3.Remember to bring your passport.（改为同义句） ____ ____ bring your passport. 4.It is interesting to visit the desert.（改为同义句） ____ the desert ____ interesting. 5.He didn't go camping because it rained hard.（改为简单句） He didn't go camping ____ ____ the heavy rain. 四、完形填空 The world is full of amazing countries and places. Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It 1 Europe and Asia. Winter there is very cold. The temperature can 2 to minus thirty degrees. Thick snow covers most parts of the country for months. You can see brown bears 3 around in its national parks. They look big and strong, but they are quiet most of the time. South Africa has wonderful natural 4 . Mountains, forests and dry deserts make the land special. Many foreign visitors come here every year. They want to 5 different animals like lions and zebras. Some ride 6 in the desert. The desert is very 7 , and there is little rainfall. Few plants can live there. But it is still an 8 place for tourists. Travelling to foreign countries teaches us a lot. We can taste special food, learn different cultures and see fantastic views. It 9 amazing to travel to different countries. I 10 I can visit more foreign countries in the future. 1.A. spreads B. crosses C. passes D. moves 2.A. drop B. rise C. stay D. change 3.A. running B. walking C. sleeping D. feeding 4.A. views B. activities C. meals D. festivals 5.A. find B. watch C. catch D. feed 6.A. horses B. camels C. elephants D. sheep 7.A. dry B. cold C. wet D. hot 8.A. easy B. boring C. exciting D. safe 9.A. sounds B. feels C. looks D. seems 10.A. wish B. plan C. hope D. decide 五、阅读理解 People all over the world love travelling. Different countries have different food, weather and beautiful views. France is in Europe. It is famous for baguette, a kind of tasty bread. Lots of visitors come to Paris every year. Russia goes across Europe and Asia. Winter is long and cold. You can see bears in national parks. Beet soup is very popular in Russia. South Africa lies in southern Africa. It has wonderful natural landscapes. Many tourists ride camels in the dry desert. Thailand is in Asia. If you visit Thailand in April, remember to take a raincoat with you, because it rains heavily at that time. There is also the interesting Water Festival for people to enjoy. 1．What food is France famous for? A．Beet soup B．Baguette C．Dumplings D．Pies 2．Where does Russia lie? A．Only in Europe B．Only in Asia C．Across Europe and Asia D．In southern Africa 3．What can tourists do in South Africa's desert? A．Ride camels B．Eat baguette C．Watch bears D．Join Water Festival 4．Why do you need a raincoat in April in Thailand? A．Because it is very hot B．Because it rains heavily C．Because it is cold D．Because there is much wind 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Beet soup is popular in France. B．You can watch bears in Russia's national parks. C．The Water Festival is in Russia. D．Russia is in southern Africa. 六、补全对话 （谈论不同国家，邀请聚餐） A: Hi Tom, I will have a dinner party at my home. 1._________________________________ B: Yes, I'd love to. Thank you for inviting me. A: 2._________________________________ B: I'm from Canada. A: Sounds great! 3._________________________________ B: It is famous for beautiful natural landscapes. A: 4._________________________________ B: I think you should try Canadian pies. They are very tasty. A: Wonderful! 5._________________________________ B: I can't wait for the party! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 8 Knowing the world 主 题 场 景 分 类 词 汇 一、交际动作类： 1.invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ v. 邀请；请求 Jack invites his friends to have dinner together.（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） 2.suppose /səˈpəʊz/ v. 认为；假定；设想 You are supposed to arrive on time.（你应该准时到达。） 3.guess /ɡes/ v. 猜测；估计 n. 猜测；猜想 Guess where I am now.（猜猜我现在在哪里。） 4.tour /tʊə(r)/ v. 旅行 n. 旅游；观光 We will tour many countries this summer.（今年夏天我们将要游历许多国家。） 5.ride /raɪd/ v. 骑；乘坐 You can ride a camel in the desert.（你可以在沙漠骑骆驼。） 6.carry /ˈkæri/ v. 搬运；带走 Camels can carry heavy things.（骆驼可以搬运重物。） 二、国家地域人文类： 1.country /ˈkʌntri/ n. 国；国家 China is a great country.（中国是一个伟大的国家。） 2.known /nəʊn/ adj. 知名的；已知的 Hangzhou is known for the West Lake.（杭州因西湖而闻名。） 3.popular /ˈpɒpjələ(r)/ adj. 流行的；广受欢迎的；大众的 This kind of soup is popular in Russia.（这种汤在俄罗斯很受欢迎。） 4.capital /ˈkæpɪtl/ n. 首都；资金 Beijing is the capital city of China.（北京是中国的首都。） 5.across /əˈkrɒs/ prep. 横过；遍及 adv. 横过 Russia goes across Europe and Asia.（俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆。） 6.large /lɑːdʒ/ adj. 大的；众多的 It is the largest country in area.（它是面积最大的国家。） 7.area /ˈeəriə/ n. 面积；地区；领域 This forest is 50 square kilometres in area.（这片森林面积50平方千米。） 8.Russian /ˈrʌʃn/ n. 俄语；俄罗斯人 adj. 俄罗斯的 Most people in Russia speak Russian.（俄罗斯大多数人讲俄语。） 9.national /ˈnæʃnl/ adj. 国家的 We can see bears in national parks.（我们可以在国家公园看见熊。） 10.south /saʊθ/ n. 南；南方 adj. 南方的；向南的 Hainan is in the south of China.（海南在中国的南方。） 11.southern /ˈsʌðən/ adj. 南方的 South Africa is in southern Africa.（南非在非洲南部。） 12.north /nɔːθ/ adj. 北方的；向北的 n. 北；北方 Harbin is in the north of China.（哈尔滨在中国北方。） 13.African /ˈæfrɪkən/ adj. 非洲的 n. 非洲人 African lions are very strong.（非洲狮子很强壮。） 14.American /əˈmerɪkən/ adj. 美洲的；美国的 n. 美洲人；美国人 This American boy likes Chinese food.（这个美国男孩喜欢中国食物。） 15.foreign /ˈfɒrən/ adj. 外国的 I want to learn some foreign languages.（我想学一些外语。） 16.kilometre /kɪˈlɒmɪtə(r)/ n. 千米；公里 The river is about 6000 kilometres long.（这条河大约6000千米长。） 三、温度季节活动类： 1.baguette /bæˈɡet/ n.（法国）脆皮白面包棒 Baguette is famous French food.（法棍是著名的法国食物。） 2.yummy /ˈjʌmi/ adj. 很好吃的 This cake is yummy.（这个蛋糕很好吃。） 3.beet /biːt/ n. 甜菜；糖萝卜 Beet soup is popular in Russia.（甜菜汤在俄罗斯很受欢迎。） 4.tasty /ˈteɪsti/ adj. 美味的；可口的 These pies are tasty.（这些馅饼很美味。） 5.pie /paɪ/ n. 馅饼；派 I would like an apple pie.（我想要一个苹果派。） 6.sweet /swiːt/ adj. 甜的；可爱的 n. 甜食；糖果 Kids like sweet food very much.（孩子们非常喜欢甜食。） 7.normal /ˈnɔːml/ adj. 正常的；典型的 It is normal for him to get up early.（对他来说早起很正常。） 8.meal /miːl/ n. 一顿饭 We enjoy a wonderful meal together.（我们一起享用一顿美味的饭。） 9.dessert /dɪˈzɜːt/ n.（饭后）甜点，甜食 We eat some fruit for dessert.（我们吃一些水果当作甜点。） 10.chip /tʃɪp/ n. 炸薯条 Children like eating fish and chips.（孩子们喜欢吃鱼和炸薯条。） 11.rich /rɪtʃ/ adj. 丰富多彩的；富有的 China has a long history and rich culture.（中国拥有悠久历史和丰富的文化。） 四、事物地点类： 1.buffalo /ˈbʌfələʊ/ n. 水牛 We can see buffalo in this area.（我们可以在这个地区看见水牛。） 2.landscape /ˈlændskeɪp/ n. 风景；景色 The landscape in Africa is amazing.（非洲的风景令人惊叹。） 3.mountain /ˈmaʊntən/ n. 山；山脉 There are many high mountains in this country.（这个国家有许多高山。） 4.forest /ˈfɒrɪst/ n. 森林 Many animals live in the forest.（许多动物住在森林里。） 5.waterfall /ˈwɔːtəfɔːl/ n. 瀑布 This waterfall is very exciting.（这个瀑布十分壮观。） 6.desert /ˈdezət/ n. 沙漠；荒原 Camels live in the desert.（骆驼生活在沙漠。） 7.fall /fɔːl/ n. 瀑布；下落 v. 下落；跌倒 The waterfall is very beautiful.（这个瀑布很美。） 8.exciting /ɪkˈsaɪtɪŋ/ adj. 使人激动的；令人兴奋的 Travelling around the world is exciting.（环游世界令人兴奋。） 9.dry /draɪ/ adj. 干的；干燥的 v.（使）变干 The desert is very dry.（沙漠非常干燥。） 10.rainfall /ˈreɪnfɔːl/ n. 降雨量；下雨 The rainfall in rainforest is heavy.（雨林的降雨量很大。） 11.camel /ˈkæml/ n. 骆驼 Camel is the ship of the desert.（骆驼是沙漠之舟。） 12.through /θruː/ prep. 穿过；直至；凭借 adv. 通过 The river runs through the forest.（这条河流穿过森林。） 13.rainforest /ˈreɪnfɒrɪst/ n.（热带）雨林 Lots of animals live in the rainforest.（大量动物生活在雨林。） 五、形容词副词代词类： 1.video /ˈvɪdiəʊ/ n. 视频；录像 We are on a video call now.（我们现在正在视频通话。） 2.T-shirt /ˈtiː ʃɜːt/ n. T 恤衫 I wear a T-shirt in hot summer.（炎热夏天我穿T恤衫。） 3.heavily /ˈhevɪli/ adv. 大量地；沉重地 It rains heavily in April in Thailand.（泰国四月雨下得很大。） 4.scarf /skɑːf/ n. 围巾 You need a scarf in cold winter.（寒冷冬天你需要一条围巾。） 5.glove /ɡlʌv/ n.（分手指的）手套 I need a pair of gloves on cold days.（天冷的时候我需要一副手套。） 6.boot /buːt/ n. 靴子 He puts on his boots before going out.（出门前他穿上靴子。） 7.indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 的确；真正地 It is indeed a wonderful place.（这的确是一个很棒的地方。） 短 语 一、动词短语： 1.invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 Jack invites his friends to have dinner together.（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） 2.have dinner together 一起吃晚餐 We will have dinner together this weekend.（这周末我们将一起吃晚饭。） 3.be supposed to do 应该做；被期望做 You are supposed to follow the rules.（你应该遵守规则。） 4.bring sth. from 从……带来某物 Please bring some fruit from your home.（请从家里带一些水果。） 5.be known for 因……而闻名 Guilin is known for its beautiful mountains.（桂林因秀丽山水而闻名。） 6.be popular with 受……欢迎 This game is popular with young kids.（这个游戏很受小孩子欢迎。） 7.can't wait to do 迫不及待做某事 I can't wait to visit this foreign country.（我迫不及待想要访问这个外国。） 8.would like to do 想要做某事 I would like to tell you about my country.（我想要给你讲讲我的祖国。） 9.tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事 Please tell me about your hometown.（请跟我讲讲你的家乡。） 10.speak Russian 说俄语 Many people in Russia speak Russian.（俄罗斯很多人说俄语。） 11.walk around 四处走动；漫步 We can walk around in the national park.（我们可以在国家公园里四处漫步。） 12.visit the Great Wall 参观长城 I want to visit the Great Wall one day.（我希望有一天去参观长城。） 13.run through 穿过；贯穿 The river runs through the big city.（这条河流穿过这座大城市。） 14.be on a video call 进行视频通话 We are on a video call with our foreign friend.（我们正和外国朋友视频通话。） 15.take off 脱下；取下；（飞机等）起飞 You can take off your heavy coat here.（你可以在这里脱下厚重外套。） 16.enjoy the cool sea water 享受凉爽的海水 Tourists enjoy the cool sea water in summer.（游客夏天享受凉爽的海水。） 17.look after 照顾；照料 Elephants can look after babies.（大象可以照看幼崽。） 18.remember to do 记得做某事 Remember to take your raincoat with you.（记得随身带上你的雨衣。） 二、介词短语： 1.a kind of 一种；一类 Baguette is a kind of French bread.（法棍是一种法国面包。） 2.all over the world 全世界 People all over the world love pandas.（全世界的人们都喜爱熊猫。） 3.a long history and rich culture 悠久的历史和丰富的文化 China has a long history and rich culture.（中国有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。） 4.be home to 是……的家园；有……栖息 This forest is home to many birds.（这片森林是许多鸟类的家园。） 5.come from 来自 Where do you come from?（你来自哪里？） 6.go across Europe and Asia 横跨欧亚大陆 Russia goes across Europe and Asia.（俄罗斯横跨欧亚大陆。） 7.the largest country 最大的国家 Russia is the largest country in the world.（俄罗斯是世界上面积最大的国家。） 8.the capital city of ……的首都 Beijing is the capital city of China.（北京是中国的首都。） 9.ship of the desert 沙漠之舟 Camel is the ship of the desert.（骆驼是沙漠之舟。） 10.a snowball fight 打雪仗 Children have a snowball fight in winter.（孩子们冬天打雪仗。） 11.take a raincoat with you 随身携带雨衣 Take a raincoat with you when you go to Thailand.（去泰国的时候随身带上雨衣。） 12.in the future 在未来 We will travel more countries in the future.（未来我们会游历更多国家。） 13.two thirds 三分之二 Oceans cover two thirds of our earth.（海洋覆盖地球三分之二的面积。） 14.be rich with 富有……；充满…… The land is rich with plants and animals.（这片土地拥有丰富的动植物。） 15.because of 因为；由于 He can't go out because of the heavy rain.（因为大雨他不能外出。） 三、固定搭配短语： 1.be amazing to do 做某事很令人惊奇 It would be amazing to climb the Great Wall.（爬长城会是件很奇妙的事。） 2.the Water Festival 泼水节 People have great fun during the Water Festival.（人们泼水节玩得很开心。） 实 用 交 际 套 句 型 一、邀请聚餐句型： 1.Jack invites his friends to have dinner together. 杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。 二、询问来自哪里句型： 1.Which city are you from? 你来自哪个城市？ 2.What about you? 你呢？ 三、评价感受句型： 1.That sounds great. 那听起来很棒。 2.That sounds exciting. 那听起来很令人兴奋。 四、国家介绍句型： 1.Today I'd like to tell you about my home country. 今天我想给你讲讲我的祖国。 2.It has a long history and rich culture. 它有着悠久的历史和丰富的文化。 3.I want to travel the world. 我想要环游世界。 4.It would be amazing to climb the Great Wall one day. 有一天去爬长城会很美妙。 五、旅行季节天气句型： 1.You can take off your heavy clothes and enjoy the cool sea water. 你可以脱下厚重的衣服，享受凉爽的海水。 2.How is the weather in Thailand? 泰国的天气怎么样？ 3.Remember to take a raincoat with you. 记得随身携带雨衣。 六、地理科普句型： 1.Only about one third of our planet is land. 我们的星球只有大约三分之一是陆地。 2.How many continents are there in the world? 世界上有多少个大洲？ 语法 数词（基数词、序数词） 写作 谈论日期、天气与节日 一、知识点精讲 知识点1：invite sb. to do sth. / invite sb. to sp. 固定短语 精讲 ① invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事，to为不定式符号。 Jack invites his friends to have dinner together.（杰克邀请他的朋友们一起吃晚餐。） ② invite sb. to +地点名词，邀请某人去某地，to是介词。 He invited me to his home.（他邀请我去他家。） 拓展 invitation n. 邀请函；邀请。 知识点2：be supposed to do sth. 固定句型 精讲 ① be supposed to do sth. 理应、应该做某事，侧重按照习俗、规定应当做。 You are supposed to follow the rules.（你应该遵守规则。） ② 辨析 be supposed to do 与 should：be supposed to do 强调外界规定、习俗；should 侧重个人主观建议。 拓展 suppose v. 认为；设想。I suppose you are right.（我认为你是对的。） 知识点3：be known for / as / to 短语辨析 精讲 ① be known for = be famous for，因……而出名，后接出名的原因、特产。 We're known for a kind of bread called baguette.（我们以一种叫法棍面包的面包而闻名。） ② be known as = be famous as，作为……而出名，后接身份。 Lu Xun is known as a great writer.（鲁迅作为一名伟大作家而出名。） ③ be known to sb. 为某人所熟知。 知识点4：be popular in / be popular with 辨析 精讲 ① be popular in +地点，在某地流行。 This is beet soup. It's popular in Russia.（这是甜菜汤。它在俄罗斯非常受欢迎。） ② be popular with sb. 受到……人的欢迎。 Pop music is popular with the young.（流行音乐受到年轻人的欢迎。） 知识点5：can't wait to do sth. 固定搭配 精讲 ① can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事，后接动词原形。 I can't wait to eat.（我迫不及待要吃了。） ② can't wait for +名词，迫不及待等待某物。 拓展 wait for sb. 等待某人。 知识点6：rich 一词多义 精讲 ① rich adj. 富有的，反义词 poor。 The businessman is very rich.（这个商人很富有。） ② rich adj. 丰富多彩的；丰富的。 It has a long history and rich culture.（它拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。） 拓展 be rich with / be rich in 富有…… 知识点7：capital 名词用法 精讲 ① capital n.【可数】首都；首府；the capital (city) of ……的首都。 The capital city is Beijing.（中国的首都是北京。） 知识点8：across / through / cross 辨析 精讲 ① across 介词/副词，物体表面横穿。 Russia goes across Europe and Asia.（俄罗斯横跨欧洲和亚洲。） ② through 介词，从物体内部穿过。 We walked through the forest.（我们穿过森林。） ③ cross 动词 = go across 穿过。 He crossed the road carefully.（他小心地穿过马路。） 知识点9：large & area 单词考点 精讲 ① large adj. 大的；众多的；largest 最高级，规模体积数目大。 It is the largest country in area.（它是面积最大的国家。） ② area n. 面积；地区；领域；be … in area = have an area of … 面积为……。 The room is 20 square metres in area.（这个房间的面积是20平方米。） 知识点10：Russian 名词形容词变形 精讲 ① Russian adj. 俄罗斯的。 He likes eating Russian food.（他喜欢吃俄罗斯食物。） ② Russian n. 俄语（不可数）；俄罗斯人（可数，复数 Russians）。 Most people speak Russian.（大多数人讲俄语。） 知识点11：see sb. do / see sb. doing 感官动词 精讲 ① see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事，动作正在发生。 You can see brown bears walking around in national parks.（你可以看见棕熊正在国家公园里四处走动。） ② see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事（全过程、经常性）。 I see him walk to school every day.（我每天看见他步行去上学。） 知识点12：south / southern 辨析 精讲 ① south n. 南方；前面一般加 the；in the south of 在……南部（内部）。 It is in the south of China.（它在中国南部。） ② southern adj. 南方的，放在名词前作定语。 It really is in southern Africa.（它确实是在非洲南部。） 知识点13："基数词+单位+形容词"长度表达 精讲 ① 基数词 + 单位名词 + 形容词(long/wide/deep/high) 描述长宽高深。 It's about 6,000 kilometres long.（它长约 6000 公里。） 知识点14：It is + adj. + to do sth. 形式主语句型 精讲 ① it 作形式主语，真正主语是后面不定式 to do。 It would be amazing to climb the Great Wall.（爬长城将是件令人惊奇的事。） 知识点15：-ing / -ed 形容词 exciting / excited 辨析 精讲 ① exciting adj. 令人兴奋的，修饰事物。 That sounds exciting.（那听起来很令人兴奋。） ② excited adj. 感到兴奋的，修饰人；be excited about sth. 对……感到兴奋。 I am excited about the coming trip.（我对即将到来的旅行感到兴奋。） 知识点16：guess 一词多义 精讲 ① guess v. 猜测；可接名词、that 从句、wh-从句。 Guess where I am now.（猜猜我现在在哪里。） 拓展 交际口语：I guess so. 我想是吧；I guess not. 我想不是。 知识点17：成双成对类复数名词 精讲 ① gloves, shoes, socks, pants, glasses 这类由两部分组成的物品常用复数；表达"一副/一双"用 a pair of。 I'm wearing a scarf, gloves, and boots.（我围着围巾，戴着手套，穿着靴子。） 知识点18：take off 多义短语 精讲 ① take off "脱下"；代词放中间，名词可放中间或后面。 You can take off your heavy clothes.（你可以脱掉你的厚重的衣服。） ② take off（飞机）起飞。 The plane will take off soon.（飞机很快就要起飞。） 知识点19：remember to do / remember doing 辨析 精讲 ① remember to do sth. 记得要去做某事（事情还没做），同义 don't forget to do。 Remember to take a raincoat with you.（记得随身携带雨衣。） ② remember doing sth. 记得做过某事（事情已经做完）。 I remember meeting you before.（我记得以前见过你。） 知识点20：分数表达法 精讲 ① 分子用基数词，分母用序数词；分子大于1，分母序数词加-s。 Oceans cover two thirds of the earth's surface.（海洋覆盖了地球表面的三分之二。） 特例：1/2 a half；1/4 a quarter；3/4 three-quarters。 知识点21：be rich with 固定短语 精讲 ① be rich with = be rich in 富有……，后接事物名词。 Some land is rich with green forests, fresh water, and good soil.（一些土地上富有绿植、淡水和肥沃的土壤。） 知识点22：because 和 because of 辨析 精讲 ① because + 完整句子（连词）。 He stayed at home because it rained.（因为下雨，他待在家。） ② because of + 名词 / 代词宾格 / doing（介词短语）。 But some places are difficult for humans to live because of the snow and ice.（但是有些地方因为冰雪而难以居住。） 二、核心语法精讲 it 的用法 1. 语法特征 it 是代词，可以指代物、时间、天气、距离、不明身份的人，还可以做形式主语。 2. 主要用法 （1）指代前文提到的事物、动物。 例：Look at the little dog! Isn't it cute?（看这只小狗！难道它不可爱吗？） （2）指代时间、日期、天气、距离、价格。 例：It is 7:00 now.（指时间） It's snowing heavily.（指天气） It is 5 kilometres from my home to school.（指距离） （3）指代婴儿、敲门身份不明的人。 例：There is a knock on the door. It may be the postman.（有人在敲门。可能是邮递员。） （4）it 作形式主语：It + be + 形容词 + to do sth.，it 无实际含义，真正主语是后面动词不定式。 例：It is polite to say thank you when someone helps you.（当有人帮助你时，说声谢谢是礼貌的。） 三、单元写作清单 1. 写作话题 谈论世界（介绍国家、地区、自然景观） 2. 写作框架 开头：引出要介绍的国家/自然景观 中间两层：①地理位置；当地气候天气；②特色：动植物、美食、建筑 结尾：个人感受、期待、祝愿 3. 核心写作素材 好词：country, capital, kilometre, forest, desert, rainforest, camel, rich, culture, because of 好句： ① ____ is in ____. ……位于……（大洲）。 ② The weather there is usually …… 那里天气通常…… ③ It has a long history and rich culture. 它拥有悠久的历史和丰富的文化。 ④ I hope I can visit it one day. 我希望有一天可以去那里。 4. 满分范文 基础版 Hi! Today I want to share something about the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon Rainforest is in South America. It is very big. The weather there is always hot and rainy. There are many tall trees and colourful birds. You can also see monkeys jumping in the trees. I think the Amazon Rainforest is very interesting. I hope I can visit it one day. 提升版 Hi! Today I'd like to tell you something about the Amazon Rainforest. The Amazon Rainforest lies in South America and it covers a huge area. Because of lots of rainfall, it is always hot and wet all year round. It is home to thousands of kinds of plants and animals. You can see tall trees, lovely birds and clever monkeys there. It is really a magic natural world. I really hope I can take a tour there in the future. 易错点1：be known for / as 混淆 【助记口诀】 for 接原因和特产；as 接身份职业 【错因辨析】 be known for 因……出名；be known as 作为……身份而出名。 1.Hangzhou ____ the West Lake. A. is known as B. is known for C. known for D. known as 【答案】B 【解析】因西湖而出名，出名的原因，be known for。 2.Mo Yan ____ a great writer. A. is known for B. is known as C. known for D. known as 【答案】B 【解析】莫言作为一名伟大作家的身份出名，be known as。 易错点2：across / through / cross 辨析 【助记口诀】 across 表面过，through 里面穿，cross 动词等于 go across 【错因辨析】 across 和 through 是介词副词；cross 是实义动词，学生经常句子同时写 go cross。 1.The river runs ____ the big forest. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 【答案】C 【解析】河流从森林内部穿过，用 through。 2.Be careful when you walk ____ the street. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 【答案】B 【解析】过马路，从路面表面横穿，walk across。 易错点3：see sb. do / see sb. doing 【助记口诀】 doing 看见正在做；do 看见全过程、经常性 【错因辨析】 看到动作正在发生用 doing；看到全过程或者经常发生用动词原形 do。 1.I saw some bears ____ around when I walked past the park. A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked 【答案】B 【解析】我路过的时候看见熊正在四处走动，动作正在进行 see sb. doing。 2.I often see him ____ books under the tree after school. A. read B. reading C. reads D. to read 【答案】A 【解析】often 经常，表经常性动作 see sb. do sth.。 易错点4：-ed / -ing 形容词 excited / exciting 【助记口诀】 ing 修饰事物令人……；ed 修饰人感到…… 【错因辨析】 exciting 事物令人兴奋；excited 人感到兴奋，考试高频混用。 1.The trip to desert is very ____. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excites 【答案】B 【解析】主语 the trip 是事物，令人兴奋，exciting。 2.I feel ____ about the coming trip. A. exciting B. excitement C. excite D. excited 【答案】D 【解析】主语 I 是人，感到兴奋 excited。 易错点5：remember to do / remember doing 【助记口诀】 to do 事情还没做；doing 事情已经做完 【错因辨析】 remember to do 记得要去做；remember doing 记得曾经做过。 1.Remember ____ your raincoat when you go to Thailand. A. take B. taking C. to take D. takes 【答案】C 【解析】提醒要带上雨衣，事情还没有做 remember to do。 2.I remember ____ him somewhere before. A. meet B. to meet C. meets D. meeting 【答案】D 【解析】我记得以前见过他，事情已经发生 remember doing。 易错点6：分数表达，分子大于1分母加 s 【助记口诀】 分子基数词，分母序数词，大于1分母加-s 【错因辨析】 two thirds 不要写 two third；1/2 特殊 a half。 1.____ of the earth's surface is water. A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Two three D. Two threes 【答案】B 【解析】分子 two 大于1，分母 third 变复数 thirds，two thirds 三分之二。 2.About ____ of students in our class like travelling. A. one five B. one fives C. one fifth D. one fifths 【答案】C 【解析】分子是1分母不用加 s，one fifth 五分之一。 易错点7：because 和 because of 辨析 【助记口诀】 because 接完整句子，because of 接名词代词 doing 【错因辨析】 because 连词后面必须是完整主谓句子；because of 介词短语后面接名词词组。 1.He can't go out ____ the bad weather. A. because B. because of C. so D. for 【答案】B 【解析】后面是名词短语 the bad weather，because of。 2.He didn't go out ____ it rained heavily. A. because of B. because C. so D. but 【答案】B 【解析】后面是完整句子 it rained heavily，用 because。 易错点8：it 作形式主语句型 【助记口诀】 It + be + adj. + to do；真正主语后面不定式 【错因辨析】 学生经常写 To climb the Great Wall is amazing，书面优先用 it 形式主语。 1.____ amazing to visit the Great Wall one day. A. That is B. It is C. This is D. To is 【答案】B 【解析】it 作形式主语 It is + adj. + to do sth.。 2.It is important ____ English well. A. learn B. learning C. to learn D. learns 【答案】C 【解析】it 形式主语，真正主语不定式 to learn。 一、根据首字母提示写单词 1.Jack will i____ his friends to have dinner this weekend. 【答案】invite 【解析】考点：动词词义。invite 动词，邀请；will 后面接动词原形，invite sb. to do 邀请某人做某事。 2.Hangzhou is k____ for the beautiful West Lake. 【答案】known 【解析】考点：固定短语 be known for 因……闻名。 3.Beijing is the c____ city of China. 【答案】capital 【解析】考点：名词词义。capital 首都；the capital city of ……的首都。 4.The river runs t____ the big forest. 【答案】through 【解析】考点：介词词义。through 介词，从内部穿过。 5.We can see many camels in the d____. 【答案】desert 【解析】考点：名词词义。desert 沙漠；骆驼生活在沙漠。 6.I can't w____ to travel around the world. 【答案】wait 【解析】考点：固定搭配。can't wait to do sth. 迫不及待做某事。 7.R____ speak Russian in their country. 【答案】Russians 【解析】考点：名词复数。Russian 俄罗斯人，复数 Russians。 8.R____ to take your raincoat with you when you travel to Thailand. 【答案】Remember 【解析】考点：祈使句。remember to do 记得要去做；祈使句动词原形开头。 9.Two t____ of the earth is covered by water. 【答案】thirds 【解析】考点：分数表达。two thirds 三分之二，分子大于一分母加 s。 10.He didn't go travelling b____ of the bad weather. 【答案】because 【解析】考点：固定短语 because of 因为，后接名词短语。 二、单项选择 1.My good friend invites me ____ to the cinema with him. A. go B. to go C. going D. goes 【答案】B 【解析】考点：invite 固定搭配。invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事，使用不定式 to do。 2.You ____ follow the school rules. It is our school's rule. A. suppose to B. are supposed to C. should to D. are suppose to 【答案】B 【解析】考点：be supposed to do 应当做，侧重规章制度；should 后直接接动词原形不加 to。 3.Guilin ____ its beautiful mountains and water. A. is known as B. is known for C. known for D. known as 【答案】B 【解析】考点：短语辨析。be known for 因……而出名，后接出名的原因；be known as 后接身份。 4.Be careful when you walk ____ the busy road. A. cross B. across C. through D. crossing 【答案】B 【解析】考点：across/through/cross。walk across 横穿马路，表面穿过用 across；cross 是动词，不能跟在 walk 后面。 5.When I passed the park, I saw some kids ____ happily. A. play B. playing C. plays D. played 【答案】B 【解析】考点：see sb. doing。when I passed 强调路过那一刻，看见动作正在进行 see sb. doing sth.。 6.The trip to the rainforest is really very ____. A. excited B. exciting C. excite D. excitement 【答案】B 【解析】考点：-ing/-ed 形容词。修饰事物 the trip，用 exciting 令人兴奋的；excited 修饰人。 7.Remember ____ your homework before you go out. A. finish B. finishing C. to finish D. finishes 【答案】C 【解析】考点：remember to do。作业还没有完成，remember to do 记得要去做某事。 8.____ of our classmates love travelling. A. Two third B. Two thirds C. Two three D. Two threes 【答案】B 【解析】考点：分数表达。分子大于1，分母序数词加 s，two thirds 三分之二。 9.He stayed at home ____ the heavy rain. A. because B. because of C. so D. but 【答案】B 【解析】考点：because 和 because of。后面是名词短语 the heavy rain，because of + 名词。 10.____ amazing to travel around the world in the future. A. It is B. That is C. This is D. It 【答案】A 【解析】考点：it 形式主语。It is + adj. + to do sth.，it 作形式主语，真正主语为后面不定式。 三、句型转换 1.It is known for its long history.（改为同义句） It ____ ____ as a country with long history. 【答案】is known 【解析】考点：be known for 与 be known as 同义转换。be known as 作为……而出名。 2.I saw him. He was reading books under the tree.（合并一句） I saw him ____ books under the tree. 【答案】reading 【解析】考点：see sb. doing。看见某人正在做某事，合并句子，强调当时动作正在发生。 3.Remember to bring your passport.（改为同义句） ____ ____ bring your passport. 【答案】Don't forget to 【解析】考点：同义转换 remember to do = don't forget to do，记得要做=不要忘记做。 4.It is interesting to visit the desert.（改为同义句） ____ the desert ____ interesting. 【答案】Visiting; is 【解析】考点：it 形式主语同义转换，it is + adj. + to do = doing sth. + be + adj.。 5.He didn't go camping because it rained hard.（改为简单句） He didn't go camping ____ ____ the heavy rain. 【答案】because of 【解析】考点：because 从句转换成 because of + 名词短语。 四、完形填空 The world is full of amazing countries and places. Russia is one of the largest countries in the world. It 1 Europe and Asia. Winter there is very cold. The temperature can 2 to minus thirty degrees. Thick snow covers most parts of the country for months. You can see brown bears 3 around in its national parks. They look big and strong, but they are quiet most of the time. South Africa has wonderful natural 4 . Mountains, forests and dry deserts make the land special. Many foreign visitors come here every year. They want to 5 different animals like lions and zebras. Some ride 6 in the desert. The desert is very 7 , and there is little rainfall. Few plants can live there. But it is still an 8 place for tourists. Travelling to foreign countries teaches us a lot. We can taste special food, learn different cultures and see fantastic views. It 9 amazing to travel to different countries. I 10 I can visit more foreign countries in the future. 1.A. spreads B. crosses C. passes D. moves 2.A. drop B. rise C. stay D. change 3.A. running B. walking C. sleeping D. feeding 4.A. views B. activities C. meals D. festivals 5.A. find B. watch C. catch D. feed 6.A. horses B. camels C. elephants D. sheep 7.A. dry B. cold C. wet D. hot 8.A. easy B. boring C. exciting D. safe 9.A. sounds B. feels C. looks D. seems 10.A. wish B. plan C. hope D. decide 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕世界不同国家的地理风貌、气候与特色动物展开，介绍俄罗斯、南非的自然环境与旅游特色，本题重点考查词义辨析，无介词考点，词汇、句式适配本单元重难点。 【详解】 1.句意：它横跨欧洲和亚洲。cross 表示（领土）横跨，符合地理语境；spread 铺开，pass 传递，move 移动，均不合适，故选 B。 2.句意：气温可以下降到零下三十度。drop 表示（温度）下降；rise 上升，stay 保持，change 改变，不符合低温语境，故选 A。 3.句意：你可以看见棕熊在国家公园里四处走动。walk 走动、漫步；run 奔跑，sleep 睡觉，feed 进食，和后文 quiet 呼应，故选 B。 4.句意：它拥有美丽的自然风景。view 风景；activity 活动，meal 饭菜，festival 节日，和山地、森林、沙漠语境匹配，故选 A。 5.句意：他们想要观赏狮子、斑马等不同动物。watch 观赏（动物）；find 找到，catch 抓住，feed 喂养，游客是观赏动物，故选 B。 6.句意：一些游客在沙漠里骑骆驼。camel 骆驼，是沙漠代表性动物；horse 马，elephant 大象，sheep 绵羊，不符合沙漠场景，故选 B。 7.句意：沙漠非常干燥，降雨量很少。dry 干燥的；cold 寒冷的，wet 潮湿的，hot 炎热的，由 little rainfall 判断，故选 A。 8.句意：但对游客来说，它依然是一个令人兴奋的地方。exciting 令人兴奋的；easy 容易的，boring 无聊的，safe 安全的，贴合前文 it is still… 转折语境，故选 C。 9.句意：去不同国家旅行似乎是一件很奇妙的事。seem 似乎；sound 听起来，feel 摸起来，look 看起来，主语 it 指代这件事，seem 更贴合，故选 D。 10.句意：我希望将来能游览更多的外国国家。hope 希望（后接宾语从句）；wish 常接难以实现愿望，plan 计划，decide 决定，故选 C。 五、阅读理解 People all over the world love travelling. Different countries have different food, weather and beautiful views. France is in Europe. It is famous for baguette, a kind of tasty bread. Lots of visitors come to Paris every year. Russia goes across Europe and Asia. Winter is long and cold. You can see bears in national parks. Beet soup is very popular in Russia. South Africa lies in southern Africa. It has wonderful natural landscapes. Many tourists ride camels in the dry desert. Thailand is in Asia. If you visit Thailand in April, remember to take a raincoat with you, because it rains heavily at that time. There is also the interesting Water Festival for people to enjoy. 1．What food is France famous for? A．Beet soup B．Baguette C．Dumplings D．Pies 2．Where does Russia lie? A．Only in Europe B．Only in Asia C．Across Europe and Asia D．In southern Africa 3．What can tourists do in South Africa's desert? A．Ride camels B．Eat baguette C．Watch bears D．Join Water Festival 4．Why do you need a raincoat in April in Thailand? A．Because it is very hot B．Because it rains heavily C．Because it is cold D．Because there is much wind 5．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Beet soup is popular in France. B．You can watch bears in Russia's national parks. C．The Water Festival is in Russia. D．Russia is in southern Africa. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍法国、俄罗斯、南非、泰国四个国家，分别讲述各国特色食物、地理位置、游玩项目与气候特点。 【详解】 1．文中"France is in Europe. It is famous for baguette, a kind of tasty bread."可知，法国因法棍面包而出名。 2．文中"Russia goes across Europe and Asia."可知，俄罗斯横跨欧洲与亚洲。 3．文中"Many tourists ride camels in the dry desert."可知，游客可以在南非沙漠骑骆驼。 4．文中"If you visit Thailand in April, remember to take a raincoat with you, because it rains heavily at that time."可知，四月泰国雨下得很大，所以需要雨衣。 5．对照原文逐项判断：A 甜菜汤流行于俄罗斯不是法国；B 在俄罗斯国家公园可以看见熊，表述正确；C 泼水节在泰国；D 南非在非洲南部。 六、补全对话 （谈论不同国家，邀请聚餐） A: Hi Tom, I will have a dinner party at my home. 1._________________________________ B: Yes, I'd love to. Thank you for inviting me. A: 2._________________________________ B: I'm from Canada. A: Sounds great! 3._________________________________ B: It is famous for beautiful natural landscapes. A: 4._________________________________ B: I think you should try Canadian pies. They are very tasty. A: Wonderful! 5._________________________________ B: I can't wait for the party! 【答案】 1.Would you like to come to my dinner party? 2.Where are you from? 3.What is Canada known for? 4.What food is popular in your country? 5.I am supposed to bring some food from my country too. 【解析】 1.根据答句 Yes, I'd love to. 可知，此处发出邀请，询问是否愿意来晚宴。 2.根据答句 I'm from Canada，问句询问来自哪里 Where are you from? 3.根据答句 It is famous for beautiful natural landscapes，询问这个国家因什么而出名。 4.根据答句 Canadian pies 以及 tasty，问句询问你们国家什么食物受欢迎。 5.根据后文 I can't wait for the party，补充说明我也应该带一些本国食物，呼应本单元 be supposed to do 知识点。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $