2027届高三英语二轮复习专项 阅读理解D篇议论文（八）

新高三英语 二轮复习专项｜阅读理解D篇 议论文

 

话题预览：

Passage 1话题: How Trees Communicate Underground　

树木的地下交流系统

Passage 2 话题: Artificial Night Lighting’s Hidden Influence on Wildlife　

城市夜间人工光照对野生动物的隐性影响

Passage 3 话题: Forgetting: A Positive Function of Human Memory　

遗忘：人类记忆的积极功能

Passage 4话题:  Second-hand Consumption: Its Social Value　

二手物品消费的社会价值

 

Passage 1 话题：How Trees Communicate Underground　

树木的地下交流系统

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    Many people believe trees live independently, competing with one another for sunlight and water. However, scientists have discovered that trees in forests are closely connected through an underground web made of fungi, known as the wood wide web. This hidden network allows trees to exchange resources and send warning signals across distances.

    Fine fungal threads spread through soil, linking the roots of different trees, even trees of different species. A mature tree with enough sunlight can send extra sugar and nutrients to young or weak trees through this network. When a tree is attacked by harmful insects, it will release chemical signals. These signals travel along the fungal web to warn neighboring trees. Upon receiving the warning, nearby trees will start producing defensive chemicals to keep insects away in advance.

    Researchers carried out experiments to test the function of this network. They marked carbon nutrients and tracked their movement in the forest soil. The results showed that nutrients could flow not only from parent trees to young ones, but also between trees of different kinds. Though the fungal network benefits most plants, it is

not always a friendly system. Some trees may use the network to release poisonous chemicals and prevent competing plants from growing nearby.

    The discovery of the wood wide web changes people’s traditional understanding of forests. A forest is not simply a collection of separate trees. Instead, it functions as a whole community, where plants support, warn, and even compete with each other under the ground.

 

28. What is the main function of the wood wide web?

A. To help trees take in water from deep soil.

B. To connect tree roots for resource exchange and warning.

C. To speed up the growth of new tree leaves.

D. To protect trees from extreme weather.

29. What will nearby trees do after receiving warning signals?

A. Cut off their fungal connections.

B. Move nutrients to attacked trees.

C. Produce defensive chemicals against insects.

D. Release poisonous chemicals to kill insects.

30. What can we infer from the experiment mentioned in paragraph 3?

A. Nutrients can pass across different tree species.

B. Young trees cannot send nutrients to older ones.

C. Fungi only connect trees of the same kind.

D. Most plants depend fully on fungi to survive.

31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?

A. To introduce a hidden communication system among forest trees.

B. To explain how fungi grow and spread in forest soil.

C. To show the results of a long-term environmental project.

D. To argue that forests should be better protected by humans.

 

Passage 2 话题：Artificial Night Lighting’s Hidden Influence on Wildlife　

城市夜间人工光照对野生动物的隐性影响

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

    With the rapid expansion of urban areas, artificial night lighting has become a universal feature of modern cities. While bright streets and buildings serve human convenience, scientists are increasingly concerned about their hidden influences on urban wildlife. Many species rely on natural light-dark cycles to control their basic biological activities, and continuous city lights can greatly disturb their natural rhythms.

    Animals have evolved stable biological clocks over millions of years. For most creatures, sunrise and sunset act as important signals for feeding, resting, migrating and reproducing. However, constant artificial light breaks this ancient rule. For example, night-active insects may mistake bright buildings for moonlight, causing them to circle endlessly until they are exhausted. Some birds are confused by city lights during migration, resulting in wrong flying directions and fatal collisions with tall buildings.

    Recent studies have found that low levels of night light, even dim streetlights, can also cause invisible damage. Constant light exposure may change animals’ hormone levels, reduce their reproduction rates and weaken their immunity. Unlike obvious pollution such as waste water and smoke, light pollution is invisible and easily ignored by the public. Therefore, its long-term harm to urban ecosystems has long been underestimated.

    Luckily, effective solutions are available. City planners can use warm-colored low-intensity lights and turn off unnecessary public lighting during deep night. Such small changes can greatly reduce pressure on local wildlife, allowing urban ecosystems to maintain a relatively natural balance between human development and biological protection.

 

28. What is the hidden problem caused by urban artificial light?

A. It reduces citizens’ sleeping quality.