专题01 完形填空-【题型易-必考题型精练】2026-2027学年八年级上册英语期中考前梯度特训（沪教版·深圳专用）

考前特训 专题01 完形填空 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 完形填空是深圳中考英语的常规题型，旨在考查学生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。本题给出一篇留有空白的短文，每空提供 A、B、C、D 四个选项，要求学生根据上下文语境选出最佳答案，使补全后的短文意思通顺、逻辑连贯、结构完整。 本次特训共收录 10 篇短文、100 道小题，篇幅在 114—257 词之间，话题紧贴沪教版八年级上册单元主题与“校园生活、人物故事、科普知识、文化习俗、自然探索”等主线，涵盖茶与创造力、智能手机使用、聂耳的音乐人生、印度国王寓言、人口问题、互联网生活等。题目兼顾叙事、说明与议论文体，重在“词不离句、句不离篇”。 二、命题特点 （1）以“上下文逻辑”立意：单纯考语法的题很少，绝大多数题目必须回到前后句甚至跨段寻找线索，如并列、转折、因果、递进关系。例如“茶与创造力”篇以 however / but 引导的转折关系定夺情感态度词。 （2）实词辨析唱主角：名词、动词、形容词、副词的辨析占六成以上，且多为近义或易混词，如 improve / say / copy / find，growth / instruction / protection / development。 （3）短语动词与固定搭配稳定出现：如 depend on、think about、give up、put off、take off、set off 等，是高频得分点，须逐题核验搭配与语义。 （4）连词与介词考查句间逻辑：如 that / what 等连接代词，how / why 等连接副词，以及 in / on / at / for、about / from 等，常结合句式与上下文判断。 （5）设空分布均匀、首句常保完整：开篇多不设空以定基调；末句常考总结性或情感态度词，解题要看“全文收束”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 100 题梳理） （1）名词辨析（约 18 题）：人物、事物、抽象名词等，如 teacher / pioneer / musician、doubt / money / time、knowledge / advice / information。 （2）动词及短语辨析（约 26 题）：动作逻辑与短语动词并重，如 continue / start / stop、give up / put off / take off、depend on / think about。 （3）形容词辨析（约 18 题）：情感色彩与特征描述，如 ordinary / creative / famous、simple / successful / popular、glad / bored / brave。 （4）副词辨析（约 8 题）：方式、程度、频率，修饰动作或评价，如 carefully、quickly、easily 等。 （5）连词与介词（约 18 题）：句间逻辑与固定搭配，如 that / what / how / why、in / on / at / for、about / from。 （6）固定搭配与比较级（约 12 题）：如 depend on、give up 等短语动词，以及 funnier / smarter 等比较级形式。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，跳过设空，把握主旨、文体（叙事/说明/议论）与情感基调，切忌拿起来就填，以免被局部干扰。 第二步：逐空突破，先凭语感初选，再回原文找“同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连接、固定搭配”四类证据，用语境锁定答案。 第三步：比对选项，排除明显不合语境或搭配的项，用“代入法”把选项放回空处通读一遍，确认是否通顺自然。 第四步：复读核查，重点检查逻辑连词、时态一致、代词指代与搭配，避免“读半句”或“只见树木”造成的误选。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词辨析——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“The population problem may be one of the greatest world 1 today”。空处需填入名词，结合前后文对事物或人物的描述锁定语义；选项 C（problems）最契合语境，故选 C。 【点拨2】名词辨析——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“Scientists from Peking University made a 2 . It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems.” 空处需填入名词，结合后文研究发现（喝茶让人更擅长解决问题）锁定语义；选项 B（study）在此处为名词，意为“研究”，最契合语境，故选 B。 【点拨3】形容词辨析——以 Passage 4 题 3 为例：原文写道“You can have 3 prize if you win the game.” 该空位于国王对老人的承诺句中，须填入表示“任何”的限定词以表达国王的大方；选项 A（any）最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨4】动词辨析——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“They only 4 videos.” 空处需填入动词（谓语动词），描述社交媒体上人们“发布”视频的动作；选项 A（post）在此处为动词，意为“发布”，最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨5】动词辨析——以 Passage 6 题 5 为例：原文写道“be careful when 5 links (链接) or downloading files.” 空处需填入动词的现在分词（动名词），与 download 并列表示“点击”链接的动作；选项 A（clicking）在此处为动词 click 的现在分词，意为“点击”，最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨6】形容词语境辨析——以 Passage 7 题 6 为例：原文写道“He tried to order Chinese food online, but the food always made him feel 6”。空处需填入形容词，描述外卖食物给 Max 带来的感受，结合语境锁定语义；选项 B（disappointed）最契合语境，故选 B。 【点拨7】逻辑推断——以 Passage 9 题 7 为例：原文写道“But if you close the app and play with your phone 7, the tree will die”。空处需填入副词，表达“关掉 app 转而玩手机”的替代含义，结合前后句逻辑推断；选项 A（instead）最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨8】形容词固定搭配辨析——以 Passage 10 题 8 为例：原文写道“Wang Jingman's team were 8 of their cart”。空处为固定搭配“be proud of”（以……为自豪）的一部分，需结合语境判断；选项 A（proud）最契合语境，故选 A。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“只见树木”：只盯空前一句就选，忽略后文复现词，易掉进近义词陷阱。 • 忌“熟词生义”想当然：如 record 作“记录”而非“唱片”，appreciate 作“珍惜”而非“欣赏”。 • 忌“搭配张冠李戴”：及物动词后是否缺宾语、介词是否与动词固定搭配，要逐题核验。 • 忌“最后一题草率”：末句常考查全文情感态度，需结合主旨作答。 Passage 1 The population problem may be one of the greatest world 1 today. The world’s population is growing 2 . Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people 3 the earth. Four hundred years ago, the number of the world’s population 4 more than 500 million. But at the beginning of the 5 century, the world’s population was about 1,700 million. In 1970, this number was 3,600 million. In 1990, the number was five billion. A UN 6 said that the world population was 7 six billion by the end of the 20th century. This was just ten years after it 8 to five billion. People say that by the year 2025, 9 may be over eight billion. We should pay attention to the problem of 10 population. 1．A．question B．questions C．problems D．problem 2．A．faster and faster B．fast and fast C．fastest and fastest D．faster and fast 3．A．in B．on C．at D．for 4．A．am B．were C．are D．was 5．A．twenty B．twelve C．twentieth D．twelfth 6．A．reporter B．report C．reports D．reporting 7．A．over B．more C．less D．pass 8．A．was climbing B．climbs C．have climbed D．climbed 9．A．this B．its C．one D．it 10．A．many B．big C．large D．serious 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文讨论了世界人口增长问题，指出人口数量从两千年前的2.5亿快速增长到20世纪末的60亿，并预测2025年可能超过80亿，呼吁关注人口问题。 【详解】1．句意：人口问题可能是当今世界最大的问题之一。question问题（单数），指需要回答的疑问；questions问题（复数）；problems问题（复数），指需要解决的难题；problem问题（单数）。根据“The population problem may be one of the greatest world…”可知，此处应用problem，指需要解决的问题，one of后加名词复数，因此用problems。故选C。 2．句意：世界人口增长得越来越快。fast and fast错误搭配；faster and faster越来越快；fastest and fastest错误搭配；faster and fast错误搭配。此处描述“越来越快”，应用“faster and faster”。故选A。 3．句意：两千年前，地球上只有2.5亿人。in在……里；on在……上；at在某处；for为了。表示“在地球上”用on。故选B。 4．句意：四百年前，世界人口超过5亿。am是，一般现在时，用于第一人称I后；were是，一般过去时，复数；are是，一般现在时，复数；was是，一般过去时，单数。根据“Four hundred years ago”可知，应用一般过去时，主语“The number of the world’s population”是单数，因此be动词用was。故选D。 5．句意：但在20世纪初，世界人口约17亿。twenty二十（基数词）；twelve十二（基数词）；twentieth第二十（序数词）；twelfth第十二（序数词）。根据“at the beginning of the…century”可知，此处应用序数词表示世纪，根据前文“Two thousand years ago…”可知，此处指二十世纪，应用twentieth。故选C。 6．句意：联合国的一份报告称二十世纪末世界人口超过60亿。reporter记者；report报告，名词或动词；reports报告，名词复数或动词的第三人称单数；reporting报告，动名词或现在分词。根据“A UN…said…”可知，此处应用单数名词作主语，数据通常体现在报告上，因此用report。故选B。 7．句意：联合国的一份报告称二十世纪末世界人口超过60亿。over超过；more更多；less更少；pass通过。表示“超过某数值”应用over。故选A。 8．句意：这只是在它达到50亿这个数字之后十年。was climbing爬，过去进行时；climbs一般现在时，动词的三单形式；have climbed现在完成时；climbed动词的过去式或过去分词。根据“This was just ten years after it…to five billion.”可知，此句应用一般过去时。故选D。 9．句意：人们说到2025年，人口可能超过80亿。this这个；its它的；one一个；it它。此处作主语，应用it指代上文提到的“population”。故选D。 10．句意：我们应该关注人口过多的问题。many许多，修饰可数名词；big大的；large庞大的；serious严重的。修饰“population”，表示“人口庞大”应用large。故选C。 Passage 2 A cup of tea helps solve problems. Drinking tea can 1 your ability to create and imagine something. Scientists from Peking University made a 2 . It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems. The study offered people tea or water 3 they were asked to play a word game and solve some riddles (谜语). Those who were given 4 got better grades at both tasks. They got 13.89 in the word game and 10.94 in the riddles. 5 , the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0. Tea is known for making people 6 . However, people in the study were not given 7 tea to cheer them up. So 8 made the tea drinkers better? The researchers thought the improvement was all in the 9 . “Some research has found that people are likely to connect tea drinking with a certain set of good characters (性格) such as being smart and creative. So tea drinkers think they should be 10 and more creative, and their brains work that way,” the researchers said. All in all, drinking tea really does good to us. 1．A．say B．copy C．find D．improve 2．A．way B．study C．game D．story 3．A．before B．though C．after D．since 4．A．tea B．water C．coffee D．juice 5．A．Anyway B．However C．Then D．Also 6．A．nervous B．weak C．excited D．strong 7．A．nice B．little C．clean D．enough 8．A．what B．where C．when D．how 9．A．body B．mind C．heart D．health 10．A．lazier B．busier C．smarter D．poorer 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了北京大学科学家的研究发现喝茶能提高人的解决问题能力，其原因在于人们将喝茶与聪明、有创造力等良好特质相联系的心理作用。 【详解】1．句意：喝茶能提高你的创造和想象能力。say说；copy复制；find找到；improve提高。根据前文“A cup of tea helps solve problems”及语境，喝茶有助于解决问题，应是能提高创造和想象能力，故选D。 2．句意：北京大学的科学家做了一项研究。way方法；study研究；game游戏；story故事。根据后文“It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems”可知，这是一项研究的发现，故选B。 3．句意：这项研究在让人们玩文字游戏和猜谜语之前，给他们提供了茶或水。before在……之前；though尽管；after在……之后；since自从。根据实验逻辑，应是先提供饮品，再让参与者做任务，故选A。 4．句意：那些被给予茶的人在两项任务中都取得了更好的成绩。tea茶；water水；coffee咖啡；juice果汁。根据后文“the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0”可知，此处是将喝茶的人与喝水的人对比，故选A。 5．句意：然而，喝水的人的成绩是12.94和9.0。Anyway无论如何；However然而；Then然后；Also也。根据“They got 13.89 in the word game and 10.94 in the riddles.”和“the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0.”可知，前文讲喝茶的人成绩更好，此处讲喝水的人成绩较低，存在转折关系，故选B。 6．句意：茶以让人兴奋而闻名。nervous紧张的；weak虚弱的；excited兴奋的；strong强壮的。根据常识及后文“to cheer them up”，茶通常能让人兴奋、振作，故选C。 7．句意：然而，参与研究的人并没有得到足够的茶来让他们振作起来。nice好的；little少的；clean干净的；enough足够的。根据“However”表转折及语境，虽然茶能让人兴奋，但研究中并未给参与者足够的茶来达到此效果，故选D。 8．句意：那么是什么让喝茶的人表现更好呢？what什么；where哪里；when何时；how如何。此处是对“让喝茶的人表现更好”的原因进行提问，用what作主语，故选A。 9．句意：研究人员认为，这种改善完全在于心理作用。body身体；mind心理；heart心脏；health健康。根据后文“Some research has found that people are likely to connect tea drinking with a certain set of good characters”可知，是与心理认知相关，故选B。 10．句意：所以喝茶的人认为他们应该更聪明、更有创造力，他们的大脑也会以这种方式工作。lazier更懒的；busier更忙的；smarter更聪明的；poorer更穷的。根据前文“being smart and creative”可知，此处应与“更有创造力”并列，指更聪明，故选C。 Passage 3 People have different kinds of friends. Cats, dogs and different pets are people’s honest 1 . They are helpful and useful. But do you think that smartphones are people’s friends, too? Now let me tell you 2 about it. We live in the “Smartphone age”. People, like scientists, teachers, writers and even students, use smartphones to do lots of work. But more than 20 years ago, phones couldn’t do much work. They were very big and 3 . Very few people had phones and they could only use them to make 4 . Today smartphones are 5 and cheaper. And they can do much work. Many people like to use them. Smartphones become very popular 6 they can work faster than men and save time for everyone. Smartphones can help people do work. Writers now use Word to write. Teachers use PowerPoint and DingTalk to help with 7 . Students use them 8 and children use them to play games. Smartphones can also 9 what you put into them. Smartphones are very 10 . It is true that they are our good friends. Do you think so? 1．A．friends B．family C．members D．parents 2．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．somebody 3．A．Small B．expensive C．easy D．beautiful 4．A．calls B．pictures C．videos D．music 5．A．small B．smaller C．big D．bigger 6．A．or B．but C．because D．however 7．A．playing B．exercising C．teaching D．making 8．A．Study B．to study C．studying D．studied 9．A．remember B．forget C．wait D．shout 10．A．beautiful B．careful C．helpful D．angry 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要讨论了智能手机是否可以成为人们的朋友，介绍了智能手机的发展历程以及它在人们生活中的重要作用。 【详解】1．句意：猫、狗和不同的宠物是人们忠实的朋友。结合文章开头“People have different kinds of friends.”可知，宠物是人们忠实的“朋友”，friends“朋友”符合。family“家庭”、members“成员”、parents“父母”均与宠物和人的关系描述不符。 2．句意：现在让我告诉你一些关于它的事情。根据语境可知，此处表示要告诉一些关于智能手机的事情，该句为肯定句，something“一些事情”符合。anything“任何事情”常用于否定句或疑问句；nothing“没有事情”与语境不符；somebody“某人”与题意无关。 3．句意：它们又大又贵。根据后文“Very few people had phones”可知，很少有人有手机，说明手机价格高，expensive“昂贵的”符合。small“小的”、easy“容易的”、beautiful“美丽的”均与手机价格无关。 4．句意：很少有人有手机，他们只能用它们来打电话。根据常识可知，20多年前手机主要用于打电话，make calls“打电话”是固定搭配。pictures“图片”、videos“视频”、music“音乐”均不是20多年前手机的主要功能。 5．句意：今天智能手机更小且更便宜。根据“cheaper”可知，此处应用比较级，且与后文“They were very big”形成对比，smaller“更小的”符合。small“小的”是原级；big“大的”、bigger“更大的”与语境不符。 6．句意：智能手机变得非常受欢迎，因为它们能比人工作得更快，为每个人节省时间。前后句是因果关系，because“因为”符合。or“或者”表示选择；but“但是”表示转折；however“然而”表示转折，均不符合语境。 7．句意：老师们使用PowerPoint和DingTalk来辅助教学。老师使用软件是为了教学，teaching“教学”符合。playing“玩”、exercising“锻炼”、making“制作”均与老师使用软件的目的不符。 8．句意：学生们用它们来学习。此处表示学生用手机学习的目的，use sth. to do sth.“用某物做某事”是固定搭配，to study符合。 9．句意：智能手机也能记住你输入到它们里面的东西。下文指出智能手机能记住输入的内容，remember“记住”符合。forget“忘记”与题意相反；wait“等待”、shout“喊叫”均与题意无关。 10．句意：智能手机非常有帮助。智能手机是我们的好朋友，说明它们很有帮助，helpful“有帮助的”符合。beautiful“美丽的”、careful“仔细的”、angry“生气的”均与智能手机的特点描述不符。 Passage 4 A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was 1 . One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king 2 him to a game. The king promised the old man, “You can have 3 prize if you win the game. ” The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, 4 for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. ” “Is that all?” asked the king, “Wouldn’t you like gold 5 silver instead?” “No, just rice”, replied the old man. The king and the old man played the game 6 a long time. 7 the old man won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one 8 on the first square, two on the second and so on. The king quickly realized the 9 —even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have 10 rice to put on all the squares! 1．A．football B．chess C．baseball D．piano 2．A．wanted B．challenged C．promised D．asked 3．A．any B．a C．some D．many 4．A．six B．five C．four D．three 5．A．and B．or C．as well D．but 6．A．for B．since C．in D．during 7．A．At first B．At last C．At least D．At most 8．A．piece B．bar C．bunch D．grain 9．A．thing B．question C．matter D．problem 10．A．many B．any C．enough D．every 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了印度的一个国王很喜欢下棋，一天一个老人来到皇宫与他下棋，国王说如果他能赢，什么条件都答应他，老人的要求就是棋盘的第一个格子一粒米，第二个格子两粒米，第三个格子四粒米，依此类推，每多一个格子米粒的数量都是上一个格子的两倍。国王觉得这是小事一桩，后来老人赢了，国王才意识到就算倾全国的力量，也不够付所有的米。 【详解】1．句意：国王最喜欢的游戏是国际象棋。football足球；chess国际象棋；baseball棒球；piano钢琴。根据下文“I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard”，可知，提到了棋盘，故这个国王很喜欢下棋。故选B。 2．句意：一天，一个老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战，要和他来一场比赛。wanted想要；challenged挑战；promised承诺；asked问。根据“the king promised the old man”可知，老人来到王宫，国王向他挑战。故选B。 3．句意：如果你赢了比赛，你可以拥有任何奖励。any任何；a 一个；some一些；many许多。根据“if you win the game.”可知，如果老人赢了比赛，就可以获得任何奖励。故选A。 4．句意：老人说：“如果我赢了，我想在棋盘的第一个方格放一粒米，第二个方格里放两粒米，第三个方格里放四粒米，然后在剩余的每个方格里放两倍的米。”six六；five五；four四；three三。根据“for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second”可知，第一格放一粒米，第二个放两粒米，故第三个放四粒米。故选C。 5．句意：你不想要金子或者银子来代替吗？and和；or或者；as well也；but但是。根据上文可知，国王认为大米的要求很简单，问智者要不要用黄金或者银子来代替。故选B。 6．句意：国王和老人比赛了很长时间。for长达；since自从；in在……里；during在……期间。根据“...a long time”f可知，需介词for，for a long time表示“一段长的时间”。故选A。 7．句意：最后老人赢了。At first起初；At last最后；At least至少；At most最多。根据“the old man won.”可知，老人最后获胜了。故选B。 8．句意：他在第一个方格上放一粒，在第二个方格上放两粒，以此类推。piece块；bar条；bunch串；grain粒。根据上文可知，在方格里放大米粒。故选D。 9．句意：国王很快意识到了这个问题——即使用上国家所有的大米，他仍然没有足够的大米放进格子里。thing事情；question问题；matter事情；problem问题。根据“he would still not have...rice to put on all the squares!”可知，这个国家的大米都不够给老人，因此国王意识到了这个问题。故选D。 10．句意：国王很快意识到了这个问题——即使用上国家所有的大米，他仍然没有足够的大米放进格子里。many许多；any任何；enough足够的；every每一个。根据“even with all the rice in the country”可知，即使是国家所有的大米，仍然不够给老人。故选C。 Passage 5 In the past, people used words to express their ideas and feelings. With the 1 of science and technology, the Internet appeared. As a result, people had other 2 to share their lives with their friends. Nowadays, most people show their lives through social media (社交媒体). On the Internet, people often use sounds, videos and words to 3 what they want to say. Some people don’t write anything. They only 4 videos. They like watching, listening to and buying. Someone says that social media 5 a personal TV station. People can choose a specific (特定的) person to know about his daily life. Besides, most social media apps are free. So anyone can put videos online 6 paying any money. Some people become 7 because of their excellent short videos. Some people even have millions of fans. People’s lives become 8 because of the Internet. In the past people had to walk a long way to get to the 9 in order to buy things. Now people can 10 buy what they want with their mobile phones. Sometimes they buy something online in the morning and it arrives in the afternoon. It really saves much time. 1．A．growth B．instruction C．protection D．development 2．A．subjects B．ways C．rules D．problems 3．A．express B．admire C．stop D．forget 4．A．post B．buy C．sell D．touch 5．A．looks like B．seems like C．comes from D．signs up 6．A．with B．by C．without D．for 7．A．lazy B．famous C．rich D．tired 8．A．simple B．usual C．boring D．convenient 9．A．market B．school C．hospital D．cinema 10．A．easily B．hardly C．slowly D．completely 【答案】 1．D 2．B 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．D 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了互联网和社交媒体的发展：从过去用词语交流到如今通过视频、声音等形式分享生活，社交媒体像个人电视台，免费且便捷，让生活更方便，人们能轻松购物、出名。 【详解】1．句意：随着科技的发展，互联网出现了。此处表示“随着科技的发展”，with the development of“随着……的发展”是固定搭配；growth“成长”，instruction“说明”，protection“保护”，都不符合搭配。 2．句意：于是人们有了其他和朋友分享生活的方式。前文说过去只用文字，现在有了网络，是新的分享生活的“方式”，ways“方式、途径”符合语境；subjects“科目”，rules“规则”，problems“问题”，均不符合句意。 3．句意：人们经常使用声音、视频和词语来表达他们想说的话。使用多种媒介的目的是“表达”思想，因此选express。admire”欣赏”、stop“停止”、forget“忘记”不合逻辑。 4．句意：他们只发布视频。在社交媒体语境下，上传/发布视频用post最合适。buy“买”、sell“卖”、touch“触摸”不符合。 5．句意：有人说社交媒体看起来像个人电视台。looks like意为“看起来像”。seems like也可表示“似乎像”，但looks like更直观描述外形/功能。comes from“来自”、signs up“注册”错误。此处选looks like更常见。 6．句意：所以任何人都可以不用付钱就把视频传到网上。文中说大多数社交媒体是免费的，因此“不花一分钱”发布视频，选without。with“有”、by“通过”、for“为了”不符合。 7．句意：有些人因为出色的短视频而出名。制作优秀短视频的结果通常是“出名”，而不是直接变富或变懒。lazy“懒惰”、rich“富有”、tired“疲倦”不准确。 8．句意：人们的生活因为互联网而变得便捷。下文提到网购省时，体现的是“便利”，因此选convenient。simple“简单”、usual“通常”、boring“无聊”不符合。 9．句意：过去人们必须走很远的路去市场买东西。market意为“市场”买东西的地方是市场，符合常识。school“学校”、hospital“医院”、cinema“电影院”与购物无关。 10．句意：现在人们可以用手机轻松买到他们想要的东西。手机购物非常便捷，easily副词，修饰动词buy，表示“便捷的、容易地”。hardly几乎不”、slowly“缓慢地”、completely“完全地”不符合语境。 Passage 6 The Internet plays an important part in our lives. We use it to study, play games, and communicate with friends. But we also need to be careful to stay safe online. Here are some tips for you: First, protect your 1 information. Never share your full name, address, phone number, or school name with 2 online. These details can be used by bad people to harm you. Second, 3 strong passwords. Use a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols. Don’t use simple words like “123456” or your birthday. Change your passwords often to keep 4 accounts safe. Third, be careful when 5 links (链接) or downloading files. Some links may lead to dangerous websites that can steal your information or damage your computer. If you’re not sure, ask an adult for help. Fourth, think carefully 6 you post. Once something is online, it’s 7 to delete (删除). Don’t share photos or messages that you might regret later. Also, don’t argue 8 strangers online. Stay polite and respectful. Lastly, 9 your feelings. If something or someone online makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or teachers 10 . By following these rules, you can enjoy the Internet safely and have fun at the same time. 1．A．correct B．personal C．new D．helpful 2．A．friends B．adults C．strangers D．parents 3．A．create B．invent C．discover D．avoid 4．A．his B．her C．my D．your 5．A．clicking B．shutting C．collecting D．copying 6．A．after B．before C．while D．till 7．A．easy B．simple C．hard D．strange 8．A．with B．for C．by D．about 9．A．test B．hide C．save D．trust 10．A．widely B．recently C．quickly D．blindly 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文是一篇关于网络安全的说明文，给出了保护个人信息、创建安全密码、谨慎点击链接等网络安全建议，帮助读者安全上网。 【详解】1．句意：首先，保护你的个人信息。correct正确的；personal个人的；new新的；helpful有帮助的。根据“Never share your full name, address, phone number, or school name...”可知，这些都属于“个人信息”，故选B。 2．句意：永远不要在网上和陌生人分享你的全名、地址、电话号码或学校名称。friends朋友；adults成年人；strangers陌生人；parents父母。根据“These details can be used by bad people to harm you.”，避免这些信息被坏人利用，所以应该是“陌生人”，故选C。 3．句意：第二，创建高强度密码。create创建；invent发明；discover发现；avoid避免。根据“Use a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols.”可知，密码需要用字母、数字和符号“创建”，故选A。 4．句意：经常更改密码以保持你的账户安全。his他的；her她的；my我的；your你的。根据“Change your passwords”，文章以读者为对象，此处指“你的”账户，故选D。 5．句意：第三，点击链接或下载文件时要小心。clicking点击；shutting关闭；collecting收集；copying复制。根据“be careful when... links or downloading files”，链接需要“点击”才能打开，故选A。 6．句意：第四，发帖前要仔细思考。after在……之后；before在……之前；while当……时；till直到。根据“Once something is online, it’s... to delete”，网络内容发布后难以删除，因此“发帖前”思考是必要的，故选B。 7．句意：一旦内容上线，就很难删除。easy容易的；simple简单的；hard困难的；strange奇怪的。根据“Once something is online, it’s... to delete. Don’t share photos or messages that you might regret later.”，网络信息具有留存性，一旦发布就“很难”完全删除，故选C。 8．句意：此外，不要在网上和陌生人争论。with和……；for为了；by通过；about关于。根据“don’t argue... strangers online. Stay polite and respectful.”，“argue with sb.”是固定搭配，意为“和某人争论”，故选A。 9．句意：最后，相信你的感觉。test测试；hide隐藏；save保存；trust相信。根据“If something or someone online makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or teachers...”，此处指要“相信”自己的直觉并寻求帮助，故选D。 10．句意：如果网上的事或人让你感到不舒服，要快速告诉你的父母或老师。widely广泛地；recently最近；quickly快速地；blindly盲目地。根据“If something or someone online makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or teachers...”，遇到网络不适情况时，“快速”告知长辈是正确的处理方式，故选C。 Passage 7 These days, Max Burns has become popular on the Internet. The 1 boy is trying to teach people how to make Chinese food through short videos. Max’s love for Chinese food started from a young age. He was 2 it when he lived with his family in Qingdao at an early age. They could find all kinds of street food and 3 near their house. After 4 six years in China, his family moved back to the UK again in 2016. 5 he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food. He tried to order Chinese food online, but the food always made him feel 6 . Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself. He also made some cooking videos and 7 them online. Now the cooking videos are very 8 . Over three million people watch his videos every day. They can learn all kinds of Chinese foods from him, like jianbing and jiaozi. Max usually teaches in a simple way so that people could learn them 9 . “When people ask me where I’m from, I find it hard to answer. I grew up in China, but I’m now living in the UK,” he says. “I want to 10 a cultural bridge between China and Britain.” 1．A．Chinese B．British C．American D．Japanese 2．A．interested in B．busy with C．strict in D．surprised at 3．A．supermarkets B．hotels C．restaurants D．parks 4．A．passing B．staying C．costing D．spending 5．A．And B．Because C．But D．Although 6．A．energetic B．disappointed C．forgetful D．healthy 7．A．took B．shared C．kept D．mentioned 8．A．popular B．meaningful C．pleasant D．serious 9．A．happily B．hardly C．quickly D．slowly 10．A．make B．host C．draw D．build 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．D 6．B 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述英国男孩Max Burns因童年在中国的经历爱上中餐，回国后因网购中餐失望便自制并发布烹饪短视频走红，他想搭建中英文化桥梁。 【详解】1．句意：这个英国男孩正试图通过短视频教人们做中国菜。根据原文“his family moved back to the UK again in 2016”可知，男孩是英国人，排除其他国籍。 2．句意：他早年和家人住在青岛时，就对中国菜产生了兴趣。根据原文“Max’s love for Chinese food started from a young age”可知，是对中餐感兴趣，interested in“对……感兴趣”。 3．句意：他们在房子附近能找到各种各样的街头小吃和餐馆。根据原文“all kinds of street food”可知，能吃到小吃的地方是餐馆，即restaurants，排除其他场所。 4．句意：在中国度过六年后，他的家人于2016年再次搬回英国。根据原文“six years in China”可知，是人度过六年时光，spending“度过”，用人作主语符合语境；costing“花费”，用物作主语，排除。 5．句意：虽然他不再住在中国，但他还是喜欢吃中国菜。And和；Because因为；But但是；Although虽然。根据原文“he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food”可知，是让步关系，需要用although，But表转折不可引导让步状语从句，应排除。 6．句意：他试着在网上点中国菜，但那些菜总是让他感到失望。根据原文“Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself”可知，因为网上点的中国菜让他失望，所以他决定自己制作中国菜，disappointed“失望的”符合语境。 7．句意：他还制作了一些烹饪视频，并把它们分享到网上。根据原文“He also made some cooking videos and…them online.”可知，是将视频分享到网上，shared“分享”，排除其他动词。 8．句意：现在这些烹饪视频非常受欢迎。根据原文“Over three million people watch his videos every day”可知，视频很受欢迎，popular“受欢迎的”，符合语境。 9．句意：马克斯通常用简单的方式教学，这样人们就能快速学会。根据原文“teaches in a simple way”可知，简单的方式能让人快速学会，quickly“快速地”，符合语境。 10．句意：我想搭建一座连接中英两国的文化桥梁。根据原文“a cultural bridge between China and Britain”可知，是搭建文化桥梁，build“搭建”，排除其他动词。 Passage 8 Nie Er was a famous Chinese musician. He was born in 1912 in Yunnan. From an early age, he showed great 1 talent. He loved music and learned to play many instruments. In the 1930s, China was in a difficult time. People were living in great 2 . Nie Er wanted to write songs to 3 the people. He wrote many famous songs, including the national anthem of China. Nie Er’s music was full of hope and courage. He was called “the People’s Musician” because his songs 4 people to fight for a better life. Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. They 5 the Earth for more than 180 million years. Some dinosaurs were plant-eaters, while others were meat-eaters. They came in different 6 — some were small, and some were huge. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly 7 out. Scientists believe that a big disaster might have caused this. Today, we can learn about dinosaurs from their 8 . Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius. He was not only a painter but also an inventor and 9 . His paintings, likeMona Lisa, are famous all over the world. His notebooks include many interesting drawings of machines that were not built until hundreds of years later. He 10 the way people think about art and science. 1．A．musical B．painting C．writing D．acting 2．A．happiness B．suffering C．peace D．danger 3．A．encourage B．stop C．hurt D．surprise 4．A．stopped B．encouraged C．made D．kept 5．A．ruled B．left C．built D．changed 6．A．colours B．sizes C．shapes D．kinds 7．A．went B．died C．came D．took 8．A．books B．stories C．fossils D．pictures 9．A．scientist B．doctor C．teacher D．farmer 10．A．stopped B．changed C．kept D．followed 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．B 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文分别介绍了音乐家聂耳、史前动物恐龙以及天才达·芬奇的生平事迹、特征及其对后世的影响。 【详解】1．句意：他很早就展现了巨大的音乐天赋。根据前文“musician”，可知此处指音乐天赋。应用musical。painting“绘画”、writing“写作”、acting“表演”均与音乐家身份不符。 2．句意：人们生活在巨大的苦难中。根据“a difficult time”，可知生活困苦，suffering“痛苦/苦难”符合语境。happiness“幸福”、peace“和平”、danger“危险”均不符语境。 3．句意：聂耳想写歌鼓励人民。根据后文“hope and courage”，可知目的是鼓舞。应用encourage。stop“阻止”、hurt“伤害”、surprise“使惊讶”均不符语境。 4．句意：他被称为“人民的音乐家”，因为他的歌曲鼓励了人们为更好的生活而奋斗。根据“hope and courage”及上文逻辑，可知歌曲起到了激励作用。应用encouraged。stopped“停止”、made“使/让”、kept“保持”均不符语境。 5．句意：它们统治地球超过1.8亿年。根据常识，恐龙曾是地球霸主，此处指统治。ruled“统治/主宰”符合语境。left“离开”、built“建造”、changed“改变”均不符语境。 6．句意：它们有不同的尺寸——有些很小，有些很大。根据“some were small, and some were huge”，可知指体型大小的差异，应用sizes。colours“颜色”、shapes“形状”、kinds“种类”均不符语境。 7．句意：大约6600万年前，恐龙突然灭绝了。die out为固定搭配，表示“灭绝”，句子时态为一般过去时，应用died。went“去”、came“来”、took“拿”均不符语义。 8．句意：今天，我们可以从它们的化石中了解恐龙。科学家通过恐龙化石来研究恐龙，这是常识。应用fossils。books“书籍”、stories“故事”、pictures“图片”均不符语境。 9．句意：他不仅是画家，还是发明家和科学家。根据后文“science”，可知涉及科学领域。scientist“科学家”符合语境。doctor“医生”、teacher“教师”、farmer“农民”均不符语境。 10．句意：他改变了人们看待艺术和科学的方式。达·芬奇的创作和研究影响并改变了人们对艺术和科学的认知，应用changed。stopped“停止”、kept“保持”、followed“跟随”均不符语境。 Passage 9 Do you use a smartphone every day? What do you usually do with your phone? Phones are very 1 in our daily lives. However, they can cause some 2 . It can be 3 to stay focused these days. When working on your homework, you might sometimes find that your smartphone is distracting (使分心) you. 4 , your smartphone can distract you while you are doing other things, such as having dinner, staying with friends, reading books and so on. A(n) 5 called Forest can help you stay focused. You can download the app if you want to stay away from your phone and focus on more important things. When you set a new 6 in the app and set a certain quantity (数量) of time to finish it, a tree seed (种子) will be “planted” in the app. If you keep doing your task, the seed will grow into a tree. But if you close the app and play with your phone 7 , the tree will die. Once you 8 the task, your tree will be “planted” in the app. If you keep trying, you will have a 9 some day! You can share your achievements with your friends and try to “plant” different kinds of trees. I already have a whole forest in the app. 10 I see my trees, I think about the effort (努力) I’ve made to grow them. 1．A．safe B．important C．familiar D．boring 2．A．problems B．danger C．differences D．words 3．A．possible B．comfortable C．hard D．terrible 4．A．Unluckily B．Sadly C．Instead D．Also 5．A．book B．app C．article D．film 6．A．page B．task C．game D．plan 7．A．instead B．happily C．finally D．soon 8．A．miss B．finish C．start D．choose 9．A．tree B．gift C．farm D．forest 10．A．However B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了手机在日常生活中很重要，但也容易让人分心，而一款名为Forest的应用程序可以帮助用户保持专注，通过“种树”的方式激励用户完成任务。 【详解】1．句意：手机在我们的日常生活中非常重要。根据下文“However, they can cause some...”可知，此处先肯定手机的重要性，应用important。safe“安全的”、familiar“熟悉的”、boring“无聊的”均不符合语境。 2．句意：然而，它们也可能带来一些问题。根据下文对手机使人分心的描述可知，此处指出手机带来的负面影响，应用problems。danger“危险”、differences“差异”、words“话语”均不能概括下文内容。 3．句意：如今，保持专注可能很难。根据下文“your smartphone is distracting you”可知，手机容易让人分心，因此保持专注是困难的，应用hard。possible“可能的”、comfortable“舒适的”、terrible“糟糕的”均不符合语义。 4．句意：此外，在你做其他事情的时候，你的智能手机也可能会让你分心。上文提到做作业时分心，此处进一步说明在其他活动中也会分心，表示递进关系，应用also。Unluckily“不幸地”、Sadly“悲伤地”、Instead“相反”均不符合逻辑。 5．句意：一款名为Forest的应用程序可以帮助你保持专注。根据下文“You can download the app”可知，Forest是一款应用程序，应用app。book“书”、article“文章”、film“电影”均与下载使用的语境不符。 6．句意：当你在应用中设置一个新任务并设定完成它所需的时间时，一棵树种子就会被“种下”。根据下文“keep doing your task”可知，此处指设置一个待完成的任务，应用task。page“页面”、game“游戏”、plan“计划”均不准确。 7．句意：但如果你关闭应用并改为玩手机，这棵树就会死去。根据语境，关闭应用转而玩手机，表示“代替”做某事，应用instead。happily“快乐地”、finally“最终”、soon“很快”均不符合语义。 8．句意：一旦你完成任务，你的树就会被“种在”应用里。根据上下文逻辑，树最终存活需要完成所设定的任务，应用finish。miss“错过”、start“开始”、choose“选择”均不符合“树被种下”的条件。 9．句意：如果你不断尝试，总有一天你会拥有一片森林！根据下文“I already have a whole forest in the app”可知，持续完成任务最终会获得一片森林，应用forest。tree“树”、gift“礼物”、farm“农场”均与最终累积的结果不符。 10．句意：每当我看到我的树，我就会想到我为种植它们所付出的努力。此处表示“每当”看到树时就会想起努力，应用whenever引导时间状语从句。However“然而”、Whatever“无论什么”、Wherever“无论哪里”均不符合句意。 Passage 10 If you drop an egg from the 4th floor of a building, will the egg break? Most of you may answer “Yes”. 1 students from Beijing Fengtai No. 12 Middle School wanted to change the answer into “No”! “Eggs hit the earth” was a competition in the school’s science festival. With the help of special tools, the students hoped to keep eggs unbroken when 2 them from the 4th floor. Wu Jiawen’s team didn’t 3 . One of their four eggs broke after it hit the ground. “We’ve done a lot, including making a plastic bag parachute (降落伞) for the eggs and putting the eggs into a small box filled with soft cotton,” said Wu. Although they 4 their goal, Wu said she knew how to put what she learned in class into practice. “ 5 changes impossible into possible,” she said. Wu’s school wasn’t the only one that held a science festival. The Branch School of Beijing No. 5 Middle School also held a 6 festival. Among all the creative projects, the most interesting one was the “Paper Cart (小车) Race”. The carts made out of cardboard are 7 enough to hold a person and can run as fast as possible. Wang Jingman’s team were 8 of their cart. She said they spent ten days 9 . “We went to supermarkets to collect waste cardboard and paper. We also did some 10 to decrease friction (减少摩擦力) so that our cart could run faster.” When the cart of Wang’s team crossed the finishing line, she was very excited. “It was great that our creativity turned into reality!” 1．A．Because B．But C．Still D．So 2．A．throwing B．checking C．counting D．raising 3．A．join B．train C．win D．try 4．A．completed B．missed C．worked D．learned 5．A．English B．History C．Geography D．Science 6．A．strange B．popular C．similar D．modern 7．A．pretty B．heavy C．expensive D．strong 8．A．proud B．unhappy C．honest D．bored 9．A．designing B．preparing C．celebrating D．suggesting 10．A．tests B．protection C．plans D．inventions 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．D 8．A 9．B 10．A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，介绍北京两所中学举办科技节，学生通过鸡蛋撞地球和纸车比赛等活动，将科学知识应用于实践，体验创造的乐趣。 【详解】1．句意：大多数人可能回答“是”，但是来自北京丰台第十二中学的学生们想把答案改成“不”！根据前后句意存在明显转折关系，需用转折连词But，其他选项表示因果或顺承，不符合语境。 2．句意：学生们希望在从四楼扔鸡蛋时保持鸡蛋不碎。根据“from the 4th floor”及比赛内容可知是从高处扔下鸡蛋。动词throwing意为“扔”，符合“从四楼扔鸡蛋”的语境，其他选项动作不符合比赛情境。 3．句意：吴佳雯的团队没有赢。根据“One of their four eggs broke”可知鸡蛋碎了，比赛未完全成功，即没赢。其他选项无法体现比赛结果。 4．句意：虽然他们错过了目标，但吴说她知道如何将所学付诸实践。根据鸡蛋碎了可知未达到目标，miss goal为固定搭配。其他选项与Although引导的让步状语从句逻辑不符。 5．句意：科学把“不可能”变成了“可能”。根据全文“科技节”背景可知是科学的力量实现了创新。用science，其他学科与语境无关。 6．句意：北京市第五中学分校也举办了类似的节日。根据“wasn’t the only one”可知另一所学校也举办了同类型活动。此处用similar表示“类似的”，其他形容词无法体现两校活动性质相同。 7．句意：纸板做的小车足够坚固，可以容纳一个人。根据“hold a person”可知小车需要足够结实才能载人。strong enough to hold a person意为“足够坚固能载人”，其他选项不符合载人小车的要求。 8．句意：王景曼的团队为他们的小车感到自豪。根据“very excited”及成功冲线可知团队对作品感到骄傲。be proud of意为“为……感到自豪”，其他选项情感色彩不符。 9．句意：她说她们花了十天时间准备。根据后文收集材料、减少摩擦等描述可知是在为比赛做准备。spent ten days preparing意为“花了十天准备”，其他选项不能概括整个过程。 10．句意：我们也做了一些测试以减少摩擦力。根据“to decrease friction”可知是为了提速而进行的实验测试，did some tests意为“做了一些测试”，其他选项与减少摩擦力的具体操作不符。 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $考前特训 专题01 完形填空 期中考满分冲刺（深圳专用） 姓名：___________班级：___________座号：___________ 内容提要 题型分析 解题指导 集中突破 一、题型定位 完形填空是深圳中考英语的常规题型，旨在考查学生在语篇中综合运用语言知识的能力。本题给出一篇留有空白的短文，每空提供 A、B、C、D 四个选项，要求学生根据上下文语境选出最佳答案，使补全后的短文意思通顺、逻辑连贯、结构完整。 本次特训共收录 10 篇短文、100 道小题，篇幅在 114—257 词之间，话题紧贴沪教版八年级上册单元主题与“校园生活、人物故事、科普知识、文化习俗、自然探索”等主线，涵盖茶与创造力、智能手机使用、聂耳的音乐人生、印度国王寓言、人口问题、互联网生活等。题目兼顾叙事、说明与议论文体，重在“词不离句、句不离篇”。 二、命题特点 （1）以“上下文逻辑”立意：单纯考语法的题很少，绝大多数题目必须回到前后句甚至跨段寻找线索，如并列、转折、因果、递进关系。例如“茶与创造力”篇以 however / but 引导的转折关系定夺情感态度词。 （2）实词辨析唱主角：名词、动词、形容词、副词的辨析占六成以上，且多为近义或易混词，如 improve / say / copy / find，growth / instruction / protection / development。 （3）短语动词与固定搭配稳定出现：如 depend on、think about、give up、put off、take off、set off 等，是高频得分点，须逐题核验搭配与语义。 （4）连词与介词考查句间逻辑：如 that / what 等连接代词，how / why 等连接副词，以及 in / on / at / for、about / from 等，常结合句式与上下文判断。 （5）设空分布均匀、首句常保完整：开篇多不设空以定基调；末句常考总结性或情感态度词，解题要看“全文收束”。 三、核心考点分布（基于本次特训 100 题梳理） （1）名词辨析（约 18 题）：人物、事物、抽象名词等，如 teacher / pioneer / musician、doubt / money / time、knowledge / advice / information。 （2）动词及短语辨析（约 26 题）：动作逻辑与短语动词并重，如 continue / start / stop、give up / put off / take off、depend on / think about。 （3）形容词辨析（约 18 题）：情感色彩与特征描述，如 ordinary / creative / famous、simple / successful / popular、glad / bored / brave。 （4）副词辨析（约 8 题）：方式、程度、频率，修饰动作或评价，如 carefully、quickly、easily 等。 （5）连词与介词（约 18 题）：句间逻辑与固定搭配，如 that / what / how / why、in / on / at / for、about / from。 （6）固定搭配与比较级（约 12 题）：如 depend on、give up 等短语动词，以及 funnier / smarter 等比较级形式。 一、四步解题法 第一步：通读全文，跳过设空，把握主旨、文体（叙事/说明/议论）与情感基调，切忌拿起来就填，以免被局部干扰。 第二步：逐空突破，先凭语感初选，再回原文找“同义复现、反义对照、逻辑连接、固定搭配”四类证据，用语境锁定答案。 第三步：比对选项，排除明显不合语境或搭配的项，用“代入法”把选项放回空处通读一遍，确认是否通顺自然。 第四步：复读核查，重点检查逻辑连词、时态一致、代词指代与搭配，避免“读半句”或“只见树木”造成的误选。 二、结合本次特训题目的实战点拨 【点拨1】名词辨析——以 Passage 1 题 1 为例：原文写道“The population problem may be one of the greatest world 1 today”。空处需填入名词，结合前后文对事物或人物的描述锁定语义；选项 C（problems）最契合语境，故选 C。 【点拨2】名词辨析——以 Passage 2 题 2 为例：原文写道“Scientists from Peking University made a 2 . It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems.” 空处需填入名词，结合后文研究发现（喝茶让人更擅长解决问题）锁定语义；选项 B（study）在此处为名词，意为“研究”，最契合语境，故选 B。 【点拨3】形容词辨析——以 Passage 4 题 3 为例：原文写道“You can have 3 prize if you win the game.” 该空位于国王对老人的承诺句中，须填入表示“任何”的限定词以表达国王的大方；选项 A（any）最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨4】动词辨析——以 Passage 5 题 4 为例：原文写道“They only 4 videos.” 空处需填入动词（谓语动词），描述社交媒体上人们“发布”视频的动作；选项 A（post）在此处为动词，意为“发布”，最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨5】动词辨析——以 Passage 6 题 5 为例：原文写道“be careful when 5 links (链接) or downloading files.” 空处需填入动词的现在分词（动名词），与 download 并列表示“点击”链接的动作；选项 A（clicking）在此处为动词 click 的现在分词，意为“点击”，最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨6】形容词语境辨析——以 Passage 7 题 6 为例：原文写道“He tried to order Chinese food online, but the food always made him feel 6”。空处需填入形容词，描述外卖食物给 Max 带来的感受，结合语境锁定语义；选项 B（disappointed）最契合语境，故选 B。 【点拨7】逻辑推断——以 Passage 9 题 7 为例：原文写道“But if you close the app and play with your phone 7, the tree will die”。空处需填入副词，表达“关掉 app 转而玩手机”的替代含义，结合前后句逻辑推断；选项 A（instead）最契合语境，故选 A。 【点拨8】形容词固定搭配辨析——以 Passage 10 题 8 为例：原文写道“Wang Jingman's team were 8 of their cart”。空处为固定搭配“be proud of”（以……为自豪）的一部分，需结合语境判断；选项 A（proud）最契合语境，故选 A。 三、易错提醒 • 忌“只见树木”：只盯空前一句就选，忽略后文复现词，易掉进近义词陷阱。 • 忌“熟词生义”想当然：如 record 作“记录”而非“唱片”，appreciate 作“珍惜”而非“欣赏”。 • 忌“搭配张冠李戴”：及物动词后是否缺宾语、介词是否与动词固定搭配，要逐题核验。 • 忌“最后一题草率”：末句常考查全文情感态度，需结合主旨作答。 Passage 1 The population problem may be one of the greatest world 1 today. The world’s population is growing 2 . Two thousand years ago, there were only 250 million people 3 the earth. Four hundred years ago, the number of the world’s population 4 more than 500 million. But at the beginning of the 5 century, the world’s population was about 1,700 million. In 1970, this number was 3,600 million. In 1990, the number was five billion. A UN 6 said that the world population was 7 six billion by the end of the 20th century. This was just ten years after it 8 to five billion. People say that by the year 2025, 9 may be over eight billion. We should pay attention to the problem of 10 population. 1．A．question B．questions C．problems D．problem 2．A．faster and faster B．fast and fast C．fastest and fastest D．faster and fast 3．A．in B．on C．at D．for 4．A．am B．were C．are D．was 5．A．twenty B．twelve C．twentieth D．twelfth 6．A．reporter B．report C．reports D．reporting 7．A．over B．more C．less D．pass 8．A．was climbing B．climbs C．have climbed D．climbed 9．A．this B．its C．one D．it 10．A．many B．big C．large D．serious Passage 2 A cup of tea helps solve problems. Drinking tea can 1 your ability to create and imagine something. Scientists from Peking University made a 2 . It found that drinking tea makes you better at solving problems. The study offered people tea or water 3 they were asked to play a word game and solve some riddles (谜语). Those who were given 4 got better grades at both tasks. They got 13.89 in the word game and 10.94 in the riddles. 5 , the water drinkers’ grades were 12.94 and 9.0. Tea is known for making people 6 . However, people in the study were not given 7 tea to cheer them up. So 8 made the tea drinkers better? The researchers thought the improvement was all in the 9 . “Some research has found that people are likely to connect tea drinking with a certain set of good characters (性格) such as being smart and creative. So tea drinkers think they should be 10 and more creative, and their brains work that way,” the researchers said. All in all, drinking tea really does good to us. 1．A．say B．copy C．find D．improve 2．A．way B．study C．game D．story 3．A．before B．though C．after D．since 4．A．tea B．water C．coffee D．juice 5．A．Anyway B．However C．Then D．Also 6．A．nervous B．weak C．excited D．strong 7．A．nice B．little C．clean D．enough 8．A．what B．where C．when D．how 9．A．body B．mind C．heart D．health 10．A．lazier B．busier C．smarter D．poorer Passage 3 People have different kinds of friends. Cats, dogs and different pets are people’s honest 1 . They are helpful and useful. But do you think that smartphones are people’s friends, too? Now let me tell you 2 about it. We live in the “Smartphone age”. People, like scientists, teachers, writers and even students, use smartphones to do lots of work. But more than 20 years ago, phones couldn’t do much work. They were very big and 3 . Very few people had phones and they could only use them to make 4 . Today smartphones are 5 and cheaper. And they can do much work. Many people like to use them. Smartphones become very popular 6 they can work faster than men and save time for everyone. Smartphones can help people do work. Writers now use Word to write. Teachers use PowerPoint and DingTalk to help with 7 . Students use them 8 and children use them to play games. Smartphones can also 9 what you put into them. Smartphones are very 10 . It is true that they are our good friends. Do you think so? 1．A．friends B．family C．members D．parents 2．A．anything B．nothing C．something D．somebody 3．A．Small B．expensive C．easy D．beautiful 4．A．calls B．pictures C．videos D．music 5．A．small B．smaller C．big D．bigger 6．A．or B．but C．because D．however 7．A．playing B．exercising C．teaching D．making 8．A．Study B．to study C．studying D．studied 9．A．remember B．forget C．wait D．shout 10．A．beautiful B．careful C．helpful D．angry Passage 4 A long time ago, there was a king in India. The king’s favourite game was 1 . One day, a wise old man came to the palace and the king 2 him to a game. The king promised the old man, “You can have 3 prize if you win the game. ” The old man said, “If I win the game, I’d like one grain of rice for the first square of the chessboard, two for the second, 4 for the third, and then double the amount for each of the rest of the squares. ” “Is that all?” asked the king, “Wouldn’t you like gold 5 silver instead?” “No, just rice”, replied the old man. The king and the old man played the game 6 a long time. 7 the old man won. So the king ordered his men to collect a bag of rice. He put one 8 on the first square, two on the second and so on. The king quickly realized the 9 —even with all the rice in the country, he would still not have 10 rice to put on all the squares! 1．A．football B．chess C．baseball D．piano 2．A．wanted B．challenged C．promised D．asked 3．A．any B．a C．some D．many 4．A．six B．five C．four D．three 5．A．and B．or C．as well D．but 6．A．for B．since C．in D．during 7．A．At first B．At last C．At least D．At most 8．A．piece B．bar C．bunch D．grain 9．A．thing B．question C．matter D．problem 10．A．many B．any C．enough D．every Passage 5 In the past, people used words to express their ideas and feelings. With the 1 of science and technology, the Internet appeared. As a result, people had other 2 to share their lives with their friends. Nowadays, most people show their lives through social media (社交媒体). On the Internet, people often use sounds, videos and words to 3 what they want to say. Some people don’t write anything. They only 4 videos. They like watching, listening to and buying. Someone says that social media 5 a personal TV station. People can choose a specific (特定的) person to know about his daily life. Besides, most social media apps are free. So anyone can put videos online 6 paying any money. Some people become 7 because of their excellent short videos. Some people even have millions of fans. People’s lives become 8 because of the Internet. In the past people had to walk a long way to get to the 9 in order to buy things. Now people can 10 buy what they want with their mobile phones. Sometimes they buy something online in the morning and it arrives in the afternoon. It really saves much time. 1．A．growth B．instruction C．protection D．development 2．A．subjects B．ways C．rules D．problems 3．A．express B．admire C．stop D．forget 4．A．post B．buy C．sell D．touch 5．A．looks like B．seems like C．comes from D．signs up 6．A．with B．by C．without D．for 7．A．lazy B．famous C．rich D．tired 8．A．simple B．usual C．boring D．convenient 9．A．market B．school C．hospital D．cinema 10．A．easily B．hardly C．slowly D．completely Passage 6 The Internet plays an important part in our lives. We use it to study, play games, and communicate with friends. But we also need to be careful to stay safe online. Here are some tips for you: First, protect your 1 information. Never share your full name, address, phone number, or school name with 2 online. These details can be used by bad people to harm you. Second, 3 strong passwords. Use a mix of letters, numbers, and symbols. Don’t use simple words like “123456” or your birthday. Change your passwords often to keep 4 accounts safe. Third, be careful when 5 links (链接) or downloading files. Some links may lead to dangerous websites that can steal your information or damage your computer. If you’re not sure, ask an adult for help. Fourth, think carefully 6 you post. Once something is online, it’s 7 to delete (删除). Don’t share photos or messages that you might regret later. Also, don’t argue 8 strangers online. Stay polite and respectful. Lastly, 9 your feelings. If something or someone online makes you feel uncomfortable, tell your parents or teachers 10 . By following these rules, you can enjoy the Internet safely and have fun at the same time. 1．A．correct B．personal C．new D．helpful 2．A．friends B．adults C．strangers D．parents 3．A．create B．invent C．discover D．avoid 4．A．his B．her C．my D．your 5．A．clicking B．shutting C．collecting D．copying 6．A．after B．before C．while D．till 7．A．easy B．simple C．hard D．strange 8．A．with B．for C．by D．about 9．A．test B．hide C．save D．trust 10．A．widely B．recently C．quickly D．blindly Passage 7 These days, Max Burns has become popular on the Internet. The 1 boy is trying to teach people how to make Chinese food through short videos. Max’s love for Chinese food started from a young age. He was 2 it when he lived with his family in Qingdao at an early age. They could find all kinds of street food and 3 near their house. After 4 six years in China, his family moved back to the UK again in 2016. 5 he didn’t live in China anymore, he loved to eat Chinese food. He tried to order Chinese food online, but the food always made him feel 6 . Then he had the idea of making Chinese food by himself. He also made some cooking videos and 7 them online. Now the cooking videos are very 8 . Over three million people watch his videos every day. They can learn all kinds of Chinese foods from him, like jianbing and jiaozi. Max usually teaches in a simple way so that people could learn them 9 . “When people ask me where I’m from, I find it hard to answer. I grew up in China, but I’m now living in the UK,” he says. “I want to 10 a cultural bridge between China and Britain.” 1．A．Chinese B．British C．American D．Japanese 2．A．interested in B．busy with C．strict in D．surprised at 3．A．supermarkets B．hotels C．restaurants D．parks 4．A．passing B．staying C．costing D．spending 5．A．And B．Because C．But D．Although 6．A．energetic B．disappointed C．forgetful D．healthy 7．A．took B．shared C．kept D．mentioned 8．A．popular B．meaningful C．pleasant D．serious 9．A．happily B．hardly C．quickly D．slowly 10．A．make B．host C．draw D．build Passage 8 Nie Er was a famous Chinese musician. He was born in 1912 in Yunnan. From an early age, he showed great 1 talent. He loved music and learned to play many instruments. In the 1930s, China was in a difficult time. People were living in great 2 . Nie Er wanted to write songs to 3 the people. He wrote many famous songs, including the national anthem of China. Nie Er’s music was full of hope and courage. He was called “the People’s Musician” because his songs 4 people to fight for a better life. Dinosaurs are a type of prehistoric animal. They first appeared around 245 million years ago. They 5 the Earth for more than 180 million years. Some dinosaurs were plant-eaters, while others were meat-eaters. They came in different 6 — some were small, and some were huge. About 66 million years ago, dinosaurs suddenly 7 out. Scientists believe that a big disaster might have caused this. Today, we can learn about dinosaurs from their 8 . Leonardo da Vinci was a true genius. He was not only a painter but also an inventor and 9 . His paintings, likeMona Lisa, are famous all over the world. His notebooks include many interesting drawings of machines that were not built until hundreds of years later. He 10 the way people think about art and science. 1．A．musical B．painting C．writing D．acting 2．A．happiness B．suffering C．peace D．danger 3．A．encourage B．stop C．hurt D．surprise 4．A．stopped B．encouraged C．made D．kept 5．A．ruled B．left C．built D．changed 6．A．colours B．sizes C．shapes D．kinds 7．A．went B．died C．came D．took 8．A．books B．stories C．fossils D．pictures 9．A．scientist B．doctor C．teacher D．farmer 10．A．stopped B．changed C．kept D．followed Passage 9 Do you use a smartphone every day? What do you usually do with your phone? Phones are very 1 in our daily lives. However, they can cause some 2 . It can be 3 to stay focused these days. When working on your homework, you might sometimes find that your smartphone is distracting (使分心) you. 4 , your smartphone can distract you while you are doing other things, such as having dinner, staying with friends, reading books and so on. A(n) 5 called Forest can help you stay focused. You can download the app if you want to stay away from your phone and focus on more important things. When you set a new 6 in the app and set a certain quantity (数量) of time to finish it, a tree seed (种子) will be “planted” in the app. If you keep doing your task, the seed will grow into a tree. But if you close the app and play with your phone 7 , the tree will die. Once you 8 the task, your tree will be “planted” in the app. If you keep trying, you will have a 9 some day! You can share your achievements with your friends and try to “plant” different kinds of trees. I already have a whole forest in the app. 10 I see my trees, I think about the effort (努力) I’ve made to grow them. 1．A．safe B．important C．familiar D．boring 2．A．problems B．danger C．differences D．words 3．A．possible B．comfortable C．hard D．terrible 4．A．Unluckily B．Sadly C．Instead D．Also 5．A．book B．app C．article D．film 6．A．page B．task C．game D．plan 7．A．instead B．happily C．finally D．soon 8．A．miss B．finish C．start D．choose 9．A．tree B．gift C．farm D．forest 10．A．However B．Whatever C．Whenever D．Wherever Passage 10 If you drop an egg from the 4th floor of a building, will the egg break? Most of you may answer “Yes”. 1 students from Beijing Fengtai No. 12 Middle School wanted to change the answer into “No”! “Eggs hit the earth” was a competition in the school’s science festival. With the help of special tools, the students hoped to keep eggs unbroken when 2 them from the 4th floor. Wu Jiawen’s team didn’t 3 . One of their four eggs broke after it hit the ground. “We’ve done a lot, including making a plastic bag parachute (降落伞) for the eggs and putting the eggs into a small box filled with soft cotton,” said Wu. Although they 4 their goal, Wu said she knew how to put what she learned in class into practice. “ 5 changes impossible into possible,” she said. Wu’s school wasn’t the only one that held a science festival. The Branch School of Beijing No. 5 Middle School also held a 6 festival. Among all the creative projects, the most interesting one was the “Paper Cart (小车) Race”. The carts made out of cardboard are 7 enough to hold a person and can run as fast as possible. Wang Jingman’s team were 8 of their cart. She said they spent ten days 9 . “We went to supermarkets to collect waste cardboard and paper. We also did some 10 to decrease friction (减少摩擦力) so that our cart could run faster.” When the cart of Wang’s team crossed the finishing line, she was very excited. “It was great that our creativity turned into reality!” 1．A．Because B．But C．Still D．So 2．A．throwing B．checking C．counting D．raising 3．A．join B．train C．win D．try 4．A．completed B．missed C．worked D．learned 5．A．English B．History C．Geography D．Science 6．A．strange B．popular C．similar D．modern 7．A．pretty B．heavy C．expensive D．strong 8．A．proud B．unhappy C．honest D．bored 9．A．designing B．preparing C．celebrating D．suggesting 10．A．tests B．protection C．plans D．inventions 18 / 18乐思英语 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $