上海复旦大学附属中学2023-2024学年第二学期高三年级英语学科4月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高三年级英语学科4月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Europe's greatest designs Ever played with Lego? Visited Ikea? Read the Moomin stories? 1          the answer to any of these is yes, then you have enjoyed Nordic design. The Nordic region, located in the far north of Europe, 2          (make) up of Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. Lego is a Danish company; Ikea shops first opened in Sweden; and the Moomins started life in Finland. Now, a new exhibition 3          the V&A Museum of Childhood, in London, is celebrating this region. Century of the Child: Nordic Design for Children 1900 to Today will take visitors through the 100 years 4          proved to be a productive period for children and playtime. One of the things you can see--and play with--is a mini puckelball pitch. This unpredictable ball game from Sweden uses a bumpy surface, crooked lines and different-sized goals 5          (ensure) that people of all ages and abilities can play at the same level. Other unusual objects include a toy made from fish bones and a dolls' house made from forest waste, 6          of which demonstrate creative ways of using eco-friendly materials. The exhibition will also have a section 7          (explore) how a "junk playground" in 1940s Denmark inspired adventure playgrounds in the UK. The exhibition's title comes from a book 8          (write) in 1900 by a Swedish author called Ellen Key. She believed that during the 20th century, adults 9          (focus) more attention on their children than they had in the previous century. Key wanted adults to make more of an effort to improve children's creativity and education. She died in 1926, but would no doubt have been proud to see 10          her ideas helped shape this exhibition. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. clearance B. comprehensive C. conservation D. counted E. habitat F. mixed G. respectively H. stable I. surrounded J. sustainably K. undiscovered Orangutan (猩猩) numbers recover in well-managed forests An airborne survey of endangered orangutans in Sabah, the Malaysian state in the northeast of Borneo, has found that populations have stabilised within well-managed forests but are still in decline in areas with extensive palm oil plantations (棕榈油种植园). The study was carried out by the World Wide Fund for Nature and is the biggest, most 11          survey of orangutans in Borneo to date. The large areas of lowland forest in Sabah are the best 12          for orangutans. However, over the past 50 years extensive logging and land 13          for agriculture has led to a great decline in their numbers. The researchers surveyed an area almost 5,500km wide. Based on the number of tree-borne nests 14          they estimate that there are almost 10,000 orangutans living in the area. This includes more than 1,500 previously 15          animals spread out in small groups. The majority of orangutans, around 5,550, were found living within 16          managed forests or in the central uplands away from the loggers. The numbers in this area have remained 17          since 2002, suggesting that conservation efforts are proving successful. In contrast, orangutan numbers in forests 18          by extensive areas of palm oil plantations have fallen by as much as 30 percent. "A recent survey on orangutan populations in Sabah, northeast Borneo showed a (n) 19          picture from different regions," said the World Wide Fund for Nature's Donna Simon. "However, overall the research shows that they have maintained the same numbers over the last 15 years and can remain so as long as proper 20          measures continue to be put in place." II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. At 3.45 a.m. on a rainy morning in May two years ago, I got up, and headed down to a street market in London to meet Phil, my school friend and business partner. On arriving there, I found him setting up the stall with our meal kits: boxes with all the fresh ingredients already chopped, washed and weighed. That was it. After months of painstaking planning, our task was simple: 21          the books and theory, make up our products and get them into the kitchens of paying customers. Neither of us had had any previous business experience. We had, 22         , followed the advice of countless start-up guides and new business courses for those just starting out: we had written a business plan, identified market trends and developed a 23         . Phil and I had also organised focus groups to try out early products and set up an online questionnaire. While this sort of research was 24         , we were faced with a slight problem. On the basis of our research findings, we'd have 95 per cent of adults buying our products at a cost of £6 per go, at least four nights a week. This gave us confidence that our 25          was a good one. However, it also highlighted that maybe we'd missed something, that there were clearly some fundamental questions that hadn't been answered and couldn't be 26          in this way: Was our product right? Would people 27          buy it? This 28          that the proof of the pudding is in the eating, led us to the 3.45 a.m. wake-up calls and a real drive to test our products on the 29          public. 30          we landed on our feet, selling 100 meals on our first day of trading. And despite a few nail-biting initial hours after the market opened, our rather 31          promotional activity (literally grabbing customers off the street) finally paid off. To our great delight, we sold out by the end of the day. Above and beyond the 32          sales figures, the insights gained from the first day were so useful that we kept our stall at Whitecross Street Market for three months. Looking back, we would not 33          any other approach to businesses that are launching products for the first time. The most valuable aspect of our experience in the street market was that it allowed us to communicate with our customers on a daily basis and respond to their feedback on our products, marketing and pricing 34         . Over the three months, we were able to take many small-scale risks and experiment with many different recipes (配方), points of sale and kinds of messaging, allowing us to develop those that worked and give up those that proved 35         . 21. A. hand out B. take over C. put away D. get across 22. A. though B. besides C. rather D. otherwise 23. A. proposal B. product C. reputation D. tendency 24. A. impersonal B. impractical C. innovative D. invaluable 25. A. research B. plan C. basis D. group 26. A. tested B. raised C. missed D. covered 27. A. terribly B. scarcely C. actually D. gratefully 28. A. limitation B. assumption C. progression D. realisation 29. A. paying B. satisfying C. telling D. knowing 30. A. Humbly B. Additionally C. Fortunately D. Virtually 31. A. direct B. seasonal C. passive D. forceless 32. A. insulting B. puzzling C. pleasing D. remaining 33. A. evaluate B. recommend C. compare D. commit 34. A. to a small degree B. for financial purposes C. on common ground D. in real time 35. A. expensive B. unpopular C. artificial D. dangerous Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） In Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand, public-transport fares have been cut in half. In London politicians leave passive-aggressive notes on civil servants' desks telling them to turn up for work and beg people to start going back to the office. Eric Adams, the mayor of New York, has asked bank bosses to set an example by riding the subway. None of it seems to be working. The subway is only two-thirds as busy as it was before covid-19. Auckland's bus system was half as busy in April as it was three years earlier. People have not given up public transport for the private kind. They are simply moving around less. Although travel is likely to recover a little further, a return to the pre-pandemic pattern seems impossible. One clue is that not all journeys have declined. Parisians made more shopping trips last summer than they did before covid appeared. In New York Sunday travel has held up better than weekday travel. What has collapsed is rush-hour commuting, particularly among well-paid workers in the knowledge economy. That suggests the change in behaviour is caused not by fear of infection--which might be expected to diminish over time--but by a fundamental resetting of work habits. Rich countries should accept this new reality, and start building transport systems to match. Big cities particularly are rooted in the idea that urban travel is like an asterisk, with people squeezing onto radial (放射状) roads and railway lines. Travel is now more like a spiderweb. People take fewer, often shorter journeys along thinner routes; they move to the side, as well as in and out. That explains why buses, which are often used for short journeys, have emptied out less drastically than commuter trains (通勤列车). Now that people travel less predictably, there is a stronger case for innovations such as on-demand buses and "mobility as a service" which weaves together public transport and personal modes such as taxis and hired bikes. These make better use of the existing infrastructure, and come closer to the convenience of cars. British cities need to do something more basic, by integrating their public-transport networks. Outside London, they tend to have many bus companies, some railway lines and perhaps a tram system, all doing their own thing. The result is confusion and often greater cost for the public. 36. Paragraph 1 is intended to A. publicize the public transport in major cities B. reveal the trouble the public transport faces C. introduce the ways to save the public transport D. compare the effectiveness of different measures 37. Why is public transport used less than before? A. People prefer to drive to their workplaces. B. People are losing interest in travelling around. C. People are fearful of getting infected with the virus. D. People have basically changed their working habits. 38. According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A. People commute by bus more often than before. B. The travel industry has recovered from the pandemic. C. The public transport is not as busy as it used to be during rush hours. D. The knowledge economy has changed the way people commute to work. 39. What is the passage mainly intended to do? A. To analyse the impacts of Covid-19 on global transport. B. To describe the current situation of the public transport in big cities. C. To urge big cities to adjust their public transport systems to the new reality. D. To find out the ways to attract more people to use public transport. （B） When we are trying to persuade people in formal speaking and writing, it is important to state a clear thesis. A thesis is the main point that we want to persuade our audience about. It states a position we are taking, and which we will present arguments to support. For example, someone might write to a clothes manufacturer with the thesis, The working conditions in your factory should be improved. What are the features of a good thesis? GOOD THESIS: It is just as important for girls to go to school as it is for boys. This thesis is something that we can make a case for, that we can argue. Some people might think that girls will just get married and have a family, so they don't need to have an education. Other people think that there are good reasons for women to be educated. BAD THESIS: Girls get higher marks in high school English exams. This is a weak thesis because it just states a fact. No reasonable person would disagree after they are shown the evidence, so there is no reason to argue for it. BAD THESIS: People in our village need to be educated about clean drinking water, and they need a maternal health clinic. This thesis has two ideas, not one. We can persuade people better by separating these points. One essay or speech can persuade the reader that education about clean drinking water is important, and the other essay or speech can try to convince people of the need for a maternal health clinic. GOOD THESIS: People in our village need to be educated about clean drinking water. There is one clear point to this thesis--that people need to learn about clean drinking water. BAD THESIS: Australia has a lot of problems. This thesis is too broad. Australia is a very big country with many things to talk about. If you try to cover unequal distribution of wealth, agriculture, the environment, education and pollution in the cities, your essay will need hundreds of pages of evidence to persuade people. BETTER THESIS: Australia's climate has caused many problems. This thesis is better because it is more specific. Now you only need to find evidence for the effects of Australia's climate and how this can be related to the problems faced by Australians. You can talk about the other points another time. 40. Which of the following statements is a thesis? A. Fish supply in the ocean is declining. B. The summer vacation starts next Monday. C. It would be a good decision for your company to hire me. D. The city skyline is filled with towering skyscrapers and architectural marvels. 41. Match the following statements with each feature of a good thesis. a. A good thesis is specific. b. A good thesis clearly states a position on an issue that people have different views on. c. A good thesis focuses on one main point. A. c→b→a B. c→a→b C. a→c→b D. b→a→c 42. According to the last feature of a good thesis, which of the following thesis statements is the improved version of the thesis statement: Australia has a lot of problems? A. Australia's climate has drawn many tourists. B. Australia's climate is changing greatly nowadays. C. Australia has a lot of problems caused by its climate. D. Australia has done a lot to address its climate problems. （C） Like previous leaps in technology, Artificial Intelligence (AI) will make the economy more productive but will also probably hurt some workers whose skills have been devalued. But this time around, how quickly will these effects come about? History may provide an answer. Consider the effects of previous advances in computing. Gordon Moore was famous for his prediction that the number of transistors (晶体管) on a computer chip would double every two years. The consequences of Moore's Law are most obvious in the powerful computers and smartphones that almost everyone carries around these days. However, for at least two decades after Moore's Law kicked in, America suffered from a productivity slowdown. The boom kicked in only during the 1990s. Why did the advancement in computing power take so long to pay off for the economy? In 1990 the economic historian Paul David published "The Dynamo and the Computer." It drew a parallel between the effects of information technology and those of an earlier tech revolution, the electrification of industry. As David noted, electric motors became widely available in the 1890s. But to take full advantage of electrification, manufacturers had to rethink the design of factories. Pre-electric factories were multistory buildings with crowded working spaces, because that was necessary to make efficient use of a steam engine in the basement driving the machines in the production system. It took time to realize that having each machine driven by its own motor made it possible to have one-story factories with wide space allowing easy movement of materials. As a result, the big productivity gains from electrification didn't materialize until after World War I. Sure enough, as David, in effect, predicted, the economic payoff from information technology finally kicked in during the 1990s, as secretaries taking dictation finally gave way to cubicle (小隔间) offices. But this history still presents a few puzzles. One is why the first productivity boom from information technology was so short-lived; basically it lasted only around a decade. And even while it lasted, productivity growth during the IT boom was no higher than it was during the generation-long boom after World War II, which didn't seem to be driven by any new technology. In 1969 the management consultant Peter Drucker published "The Age of Discontinuity," whose title implies that the previous period of extraordinary economic growth was actually an age of continuity. Or to put it another way, the great boom from the 1940s to around 1970 seems to have been largely based on the use of technologies that had been around for decades, which should make us less confident in trying to use recent technological developments to predict economic growth. That's not to say that artificial intelligence won't have huge economic impacts. But history suggests that they won't come quickly. ChatGPT and whatever follows are probably an economic story for the 2030s, not for the next few years. 43. Why did the writer mention Gordon Moore and his famous prediction? A. To introduce one of the most accurate tech-related predictions. B. To highlight the productivity slowdown that America once suffered from. C. To imply that it will take a long time for AI to make an impact on economy. D. To describe a period in history that has greatly changed people's perception. 44. What can be inferred from Paul David's account of the electrification of industry? A. The design of workspace depends on the number of workers involved. B. Manufacturers are usually unwilling to put a technology into practice. C. Having a technology doesn't necessarily mean people know what to do with it. D. History shows that people tend to reject a new technology when it first emerges. 45. According to the passage, the reason for the generation-long boom after World War II was that A. it took place after a terrible war B. it was based on old technologies C. it was driven by new technologies D. it took place during the age of discontinuity 46. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage? A. Historical Patterns Suggest Huge Economic Impact of AI B. AI May Bring about Great Change, but Probably Not Too Quickly C. Artificial Intelligence and the Slow Pace of Economic Development D. The Economic Impact of Artificial Intelligence: Lessons from Economists Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Living in the Valley A. We can thus enjoy, rather than fear, the huge clouds that hang over the valley. B. Deep in our valley we felt only sudden fits of wind; trees swayed but the branches held firm. C. It was the year when the storms came early, before the calendar even hinted at winter. D. They twisted and turned, rising eastwards and upwards, warning of what was to come. E. It was the river, the Ryburn, which normally flowed so gently, that threatened us most. F. The river seemed maddened as the waters poured almost horizontally down to its lower stretches. We had been living in our valley for sixteen months when we first realised the dangers that could exist in the surrounding hills and threaten our very survival. Until that time, we had felt safe and sheltered in our valley below the protecting hills. Soon snow began to fall. Within a day it lay some 15 centimetres deep. It almost completely blocked out the lane and made the streamside path slippery and dangerous. But on the neighbouring heights the snow was much deeper and stayed for longer. Up there the wind was fierce. 47          And yet we knew that there was reason for us to worry. The snow and wind were certainly inconvenient but they did not really trouble us greatly. 48          It reminded us of what could have occurred if circumstances had been different, if the flow of water from the hills had not, many years before, been controlled, held back by a series of dams. In a short time the snow started to melt. Day after day, we watched clouds pile up high over the hills to the west. Grey clouds extended over the valleys. 49          We had seen enough of the sky; now we began to watch the river, which every day was becoming fuller and wilder. The snow was gradually washed away as more and more rain streamed from the clouds, but high up in the hills the reservoir (水库) was filling and was fast approaching danger level. And then it happened--for the first time in years the reservoir overflowed. There in the heights it was like the Niagara Falls, as the water flowed over the edge of the dam and poured into the stream below. 50          Just a couple of metres from our hut, the stream seemed wild beneath the bridge. It was far deeper than we'd ever seen it so near our home, angrily striking its banks. For three days we prayed that it would stay below its wall. Fortunately, our prayers were answered as the dam held and the waters began to withdraw. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. Offshore production The world's consumption of fashion is huge. The European Union imported textiles (clothing and carpets) to the value of €83.7 billion in 2010. Prices have fallen, too, with hand-finished shirts costing less than five euros. To make clothes at these low prices, companies have to keep costs down. They use offshore production to do this. Large companies make their products in developing countries where workers are paid much less than in developed countries. A point that should be considered in that case is that developing countries encourage developed countries to invest in them to provide jobs. Supporters of overseas production point out that increased investment has positive effects in the long term. Nobel prize-winning economist Paul Krugman points out that the growth in manufacturing has an impact on the rest of the economy, because it reduces the number of people needing to work in agriculture and increases competition for labour. This leads to higher wages, which lead to other improvements, such as the ability to send children to school. On the other hand, the disadvantage of this foreign investment is the fact that it can have a negative impact on the economy of developed countries, because people lose their jobs when production is outsourced to other countries. It seems that if multinationals are going to benefit from low production costs by using overseas suppliers, they should do more to improve the social situation--for example, by building schools for the children in those communities. It is also clear that multinationals should invest in communities in the developed countries where they sell their products. In conclusion, there are clear benefits for the multinationals in terms of lower costs of production in developing countries and their workers, but they should still do more to protect the workers in overseas manufacturing plants. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 我们应该在项目开始前解决这些问题。(until) 53. 这篇文章解释了为什么婴儿不能看电视。(out of reach) 54. 我们决定把这本书重新出版，作为我们致力于保护世界各地印刷品的一部分。(commitment) 55. 即便在会议上提出这一建议有被开除的风险，这位员工思考再三还是决定冒险一试。(risk) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近收到英国笔友 Carol 的邮件。在邮件中，她提到在学习三年中文后，她想通过阅读中文小说进一步提高自己的中文水平，希望你可以推荐一部适合她阅读的小说。回复一封邮件，内容须包括: 你推荐的小说名字及该小说的主要内容； 你推荐该小说的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2023学年第二学期 高三年级英语学科4月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. If 2. is made 3. at 4. that/which 5. to ensure 6. both 7. exploring 8. written 9. would focus 10. how Section B 11. B 12. E 13. A 14. D 15. K 16. J 17. H 18. I 19. F 20. C II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. C 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. B Section B 36. B 37. D 38. C 39. C 40. C 41. B 42. C 43. C 44. C 45. B 46. B Section C 47. B 48. E 49. D 50. F III. Summary Writing 51. Large companies have their products produced in developing countries because of the low pay there, thus lowering the costs and increasing the profit. The economy of developing countries benefits while the economy of developed countries may suffer to some degree. The companies can profit from this approach, but more needs to be done to protect the workers there. IV. Translation 52. We shouldn’t start the project until we address these issues. 53. This essay explains why TV should be kept out of reach of babies. 54. We have decided to bring the book back into print as part of our continuing commitment to the preservation of printed works worldwide. 55. Even if putting forward the suggestion at the conference risked being dismissed, the employee thought twice and decided to take the risk. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Carol, I am thrilled to hear that you are determined to delve into Chinese literature to further enhance your linguistic proficiency. After careful consideration, I would like to highly recommend a classic masterpiece to you. The book I recommend is My Memories of Old Beijing by Lin Haiyin. It is a captivating autobiographical novel that portrays the genuine life and innocent perspectives of a little girl growing up in Beijing in the 1920s. I recommend this novel for two primary reasons. First, its language is remarkably accessible and authentic, making it ideal for intermediate learners. Second, it offers profound insights into traditional Chinese culture and social customs, allowing you to grasp the cultural connotations deeply. I firmly believe this book will serve as an excellent stepping stone for your Chinese learning journey. Please let me know if you need any further assistance. Happy reading! Yours, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $