上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科12月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科12月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. if 2. that 3. isolated 4. collected 5. to promote 6. on 7. who 8. is estimated 9. living 10. which Section B 11. I 12. B 13. G 14. D 15. H 16. K 17. F 18. J 19. C 20. E II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. B 22. C 23. D 24. A 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. A Section B 36. C 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. B 41. D 42. A 43. B 44. C 45. A 46. C Section C 47. D 48. F 49. A 50. C III. Summary Writing 51. To address growing water shortages, desalination removes salt and contaminants from sea water to produce drinkable water. The UAE and Saudi Arabia, which produces 25% of the world's desalinated water, rely heavily on it. However, the process is expensive and energy-consuming. Currently, researchers are developing more efficient technology combining different methods to lower costs and supply coastal populations. IV. Translation 52. This patient seems to have difficulty in expressing her emotions openly. 53. I’m heading to the library in search of an absorbing novel to read during my vacation. 54. The art gallery proudly displayed a diverse collection of sculptures, which vary in form and material. 55. From dance costumes to knowledge of Chinese dance culture, this dance teacher brought a refreshing experience of dance culture to Australian students. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Editor, I am writing to share my reflections on your recent article concerning "classics". As an avid reader of your magazine, I found the topic profoundly intriguing. From my perspective, what distinguishes a true classic from fleeting entertainment is its remarkable ability to withstand the test of time and resonate deeply with audiences across generations. Moreover, classics frequently encapsulate universal values and timeless truths about human nature. A compelling case in point is Antoine de Saint-Exupéry's masterpiece, The Little Prince. Although superficially presented as a children's fairy tale, it actually offers profound philosophical insights into love, responsibility, and solitude. Whenever I revisit it at different stages of my life, I invariably uncover new layers of meaning, which perfectly exemplifies its enduring charm. In conclusion, classics are not merely relics of the past, but timeless treasures that continually enrich our souls. I sincerely hope your magazine will continue to introduce more such remarkable works to us. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科12月第二次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. House dust could be causing us to pile on the pounds Researchers at Duke University have found that house dust contains chemicals which could be causing us to pile on the pounds. 1          you're looking to lose a little weight this year, it could be time for a spring clean. Endocrine-disrupting chemicals--compounds that mimic hormones naturally found in the body--in household dust may trigger the development of fat cells in humans, the researchers say. The effect could be triggering increased fat growth in children, relative to 2          expected for their age. Previous research on fat cells 3          (isolate) in the lab has shown that exposure to certain endocrine-disrupting chemicals can cause them to gather triglycerides--a type of fat found in the blood. For this latest study, the team 4          (collect) nearly 200 house dust samples from homes in North Carolina. They then obtained more than 100 different chemicals from the dust in the lab and tested each of them for their ability 5          (promote) fat cell development in a petri dish model. They found that around 70 of the chemicals had a marked effect 6          the development of fat cells. What's more, they also discovered that several of the chemicals were present in large quantities in the dust found in the homes of children 7          were significantly overweight. It 8          (estimate) that children consume around 60 to 100 milligrams of dust a day. "This is some of the first research that investigates links between exposure to chemical mixtures present in the indoor environment and the health of children 9          (live) in those homes," said lead researcher Dr Christopher Kassotis. The team plans to study these chemicals further, to establish exactly 10          of them should be considered a contributing factor to fatness in children. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. accidentally B. disorganised C. go D. non-digital E. regular F. separately G. shift H. sticky I. substance J. touch K. version Digital VS Analogue The last time I wrote something linearly--as in, started at point A and ended, edited, at point Z--was in 2004. The timer had started in an essay exam for my master's degree, and on the desk in front of me was a single blank page. I had to answer the question on the paper using only a pen. I hadn't written anything of 11          without a keyboard and mouse in more than a decade, and something fundamental had changed. My brain now organised itself in 12          pieces of phrases and paragraphs that were entirely out of place until they were cut and pasted into their correct order. But that's not how pens work. In the 100th episode of Digital Human--15 years of even more extensive computer use later--we explored this mental 13         . We decided to make the programme using old 14          methods: heavy recording machines, limited tape supplies, no copy-and-paste feature, and certainly no 'undo'. This is entirely different from how we've been making programmes for the 20 years since digital editing tools arrived at the BBC. Nowadays, we don't use knives to cut single-use pieces of magnetic tape. Nor do we use 15          tape to paste it into place. We select things with a mouse, occasionally copy the selection so we have another 16          of it, and paste it elsewhere. We add music underneath, and shift it around at will. None of this is done live--not even my links. Those are recorded 17          and then put together. In the 100th-episode experiment, everything had to have human hands on it, and every 18          degraded the original. Everything had to be done 'as live'--from fading up the music to reading my lines into the story. It all had to be carefully planned from the moment the idea came up because it had to be recorded in one 19         . It was interesting, but exhausting in an entirely different way from our 20          process. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. Young people are indeed behaving and thinking differently from previous generations at the same age. Perhaps the most obvious 21          is that teenagers are getting drunk less often. They start drinking later: the average age at which young Australians first try alcohol has risen from 14.4 to 16.1 since 1998. In Britain, where a fifth of 16- to 24-year-olds do not drink at all, the number of pubs is falling by about 1,000 a year, and nightclubs are faring even worse. Nor are young people 22          each other as much as they used to. Fighting among 13- and 15-year-olds is down across Europe. Juvenile crime and anti-social behaviour have dropped in England and Wales. 23         , young people are less hedonistic and break fewer rules than in the past. What is going on? One possible explanation is that 24          life has changed. A study of 11 countries by Giulia Dotti Sani and Judith Treas, two academics, found that parents spend much more time on childcare. In America, the average parent spent 88 minutes a day primarily 25          children in 2012--up from 41 minutes in 1965. Fathers have upped their child-care hours most in 26          terms, though they still do much less than mothers. Another possibility is that teenagers and young people are more focused on school and 27          work. Across the OECD club of rich countries, the share of 25- to 34-year-olds with a university degree rose from 26% to 43% between 2000 and 2016. A larger proportion of teenagers 28          they will go on to university. 29         , they may be staying at home more. Mike Roe, who runs a drop-in youth club in Brighton, in southeastern England, says that ten or 15 years ago clubs like his often used to stay open until 11pm on school nights. That is now regarded as too 30         . Oddly, though, teenagers are not necessarily filling their evenings with 31          work. Between 2003 and 2012, the amount of time 15-year-olds spent doing homework fell by an hour a week across the OECD, to just under five hours. Finally, technology has probably changed people's 32         . Teenagers are heavy internet users, the more so as they acquire smartphones. By their own account, 15-year-olds in OECD countries spent 146 minutes a day online on weeknights in 2015, up from 105 minutes in 2012. Social media allow teenagers' desire for contact with peers to 33          parents' desire to keep their kids safe and away from harmful substances. In America, surveys known as Monitoring the Future have recorded a 34          in unsupervised hanging-out, which has been especially sharp since 2012. Teenagers who communicate largely online can 35          gossip, but not blows, or bottles of wine. 21. A. reason B. change C. solution D. level 22. A. supporting B. opposing C. harming D. meeting 23. A. What's more B. By contrast C. On purpose D. In short 24. A. family B. social C. school D. working 25. A. looking after B. listening to C. depending on D. making for 26. A. abstract B. graphic C. proportional D. symbolic 27. A. original B. academic C. creative D. extra 28. A. doubt B. complain C. believe D. worry 29. A. On the contrary B. To a large extent C. For the time being D. As a result 30. A. short B. late C. slow D. narrow 31. A. stressful B. respectful C. painful D. useful 32. A. attitude B. behaviour C. character D. ability 33. A. hand over B. take up C. set aside D. agree with 34. A. difference B. belief C. decline D. mistake 35. A. exchange B. avoid C. read D. address Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The student arrived early, sat front and center, and stood out in my classroom in more ways than one. I'd say that he had about 40 years on his classmates in my undergraduate communications class at California State University, Los Angeles. He eagerly jumped into class discussions, with his humor and wisdom of experience. And he was always respectful of the other students' perspectives, as if each of them were a teacher. Jerry Valencia walked in with a smile--and he left with one too. "These students gave me the confidence that I didn't need to feel bad about my age," Valencia says. One day, I spotted Valencia on campus. He said he would have to stop taking classes that semester and reapply for next year. By then, he hoped to have earned enough money from construction jobs and have his student-loan papers in order. But he said he was still coming to campus to attend events or see friends. He asked whether he could still sit in on my communications class. Sure, I said. But he wouldn't get any credit. No problem, he said. Soon there he was again--a 63-year-old Cal State LA junior with as much energy and curiosity as any of the youngsters in class. For an assignment on changing neighborhoods, Valencia wrote about a favorite local chain restaurant that was "unceremoniously closed". He called it a theft of childhood. "It is almost as if someone has stolen that childhood and replaced it with a slippery hill where everything they cherish will slide away," he wrote. A lot of Valencia's classmates apparently knew he couldn't afford that semester's tuition but was still doing the homework. "Here he is, willingly taking a class for the joy of it and benefit of learning," says Jessica Espinosa, a 25-year-old junior. "You don't see that in our generation." Valencia showed up and took the final exam too. Afterward, students were chatting, and I overheard Valencia say he wanted to stay in school until he earned a master's degree, but it had taken him 12 years to finish community college, so he had a long way to go. Twelve years? He was in and out of school, he said, subject to his work schedule and whether he had money for classes. He had earned his associate of arts degree over the summer, then transferred to Cal State LA to start on his bachelor's. I needed to hear more. 36. What can be learned about Jerry Valencia from the first paragraph? A. He thought too highly of himself. B. He was inactive in class discussions. C. He took great delight in taking classes. D. He felt embarrassed about his age in class. 37. Why did Valencia have to quit school this semester? A. He was too old to apply. B. He didn't have enough time. C. He couldn't afford the tuition. D. He failed to catch up with his lessons. 38. What does Jessica Espinosa say about Valencia? A. He is eager for a higher degree. B. He is passionate about learning. C. He is worried about his exam results. D. He is as enthusiastic as her generation. 39. What is the writer most likely to write about in the paragraph following the passage? A. Valencia's past success. B. Valencia's summer plan. C. Valencia's financial status. D. Valencia's academic pursuit. （B） To access new mates and food sources, wild mammals (哺乳动物) must often move between protected areas. Conservationists have long advocated designating (指定) "wildlife corridors" to make this easier and safer--but the most crucial routes' locations, and whether conditions within them support or harm these journeys, have been largely unknown until now. A recent study found that more than 65 percent of such passages where movements are most concentrated remain unprotected. Reducing certain human pressures, the study authors note, could be even more effective at boosting connections than adding protected territory between existing refuges. The scientists examined data on the movements of 624 individual mammals from 48 species, from South American jaguars to African giraffes, using a methodology called circuit theory to create a global map of pathways between protected areas. Most previous studies simply evaluated whether these areas were connected at all. The new study also examined conditions along these mammal pathways, including routes through land used by humans for homes, crops, or forestry. The team then evaluated whether protected areas were well connected to or isolated from others. "We need to maintain those populations and make sure that protected areas don't become islands in a sea of human land uses," says University of British Columbia conservation scientist Angela Brennan, the study's lead author. 40. The study introduced in the passage is different from most previous studies in ________. A. who is engaged B. what is evaluated C. how many species are examined D. why the study is conducted 41. What conclusion has been drawn from the study? A. Existing mammal refuges are not well protected due to insufficient data. B. It is necessary to designate more "wildlife corridors" for wild mammals. C. Most of the protected areas for mammals have become "isolated islands" D. The less human footprint, the more mammal movement in the pathways. 42. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. Human activities have caused protected areas to become isolated. B. Mammal populations have been well-maintained in all refuges. C. Adding protected territory is the most effective way to protect mammals. D. The study failed to examine the conditions of the pathways. （C） A new study, which found that eating ultra-processed food (like fish fingers, fizzy drinks and ready meals) could increase the risk of death, made for alarming headlines. The Sun told us that "just four portions of processed food a day could kill you", while The Telegraph said that ultra-processed foods "could increase the risk of early death by 60 per cent". As is often the case, the research is well-designed and alarming. What's more, the news coverage is not exactly false. The problem is that the numbers driving the headlines are hard to interpret, and seem more frightening than they are. Let's unpack what the evidence means in this case. Spanish researchers followed roughly 20,000 students over 14 years, using questionnaires to estimate how many portions of ultra-processed food they were eating every day. They found that those who ate the most ultra-processed foods had a 62 per cent increased risk of death from any cause, compared with those who ate the least. If we assume the conclusions are accurate, then a 62 per cent increased risk of death sounds pretty shocking. But what does it mean? Let's imagine two friends--Wanda and Winona. They're both around 50, the same weight, do the same amount of exercise, have the same family histories of disease, but not the same habits or lifestyle. Wanda is keen on instant noodles, fish fingers and fizzy drinks, while Winona prefers steamed vegetables and wholemeal bread. Each one faces an annual risk of death, whose technical name is their 'hazard'. The key statistic reported in the Spanish study was a hazard ratio of 1.62. This means that, for two people like Wanda and Winona who are similar apart from their different diets, the one with the risk factor--Wanda--has a 62 per cent increased annual risk of death over the follow-up period (around 14 years in the Spanish study). It's tempting to interpret this as meaning that Wanda's life is going to be 62 per cent shorter than Winona's, but that's not what's going on. Crucially, the risk of dying in any one year for the average person is pretty low, so a 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be as alarming as it sounds. In the UK, for example, the average annual risk of death for 50-year-old women is around 0.2 per cent, which means you might expect 2 in every 1,000 women like Winona to die each year. A 62 per cent increase on that number gives around a 0.3 per cent annual risk of death, which would be 3 in every 1,000 women like Wanda. The difference, 1 in 1,000, sounds a lot less alarming than the 62 per cent which made the headlines. 43. What does the writer imply about the increased risk of death covered in the news? A. It reflects people's ignorance of what makes a healthy diet. B. The interpretation of it needs to be put into perspective. C. It is a conclusion drawn from a poorly designed study. D. The understanding of it varies from country to country. 44. What did the Spanish researchers do in their study? A. They divided the students into two groups. B. They collected the data by means of interviews. C. They followed the subjects for more than a decade. D. They made up two friends named Wanda and Winona. 45. According to the writer, why is it that the 62 per cent annual increase in risk of death may not be that alarming? A. The chance of dying in a year for the average person is relatively minimal. B. It is based on the data that the Spanish researchers collected 14 years ago. C. The relevant study has failed to take other factors into consideration. D. People in the UK are becoming more and more health-conscious. 46. What can be concluded from the passage? A. The news coverage ought to be as objective as possible. B. There needs to be more evidence for the increase in risk of death. C. The harm done by ultra-processed food is not as serious as reported. D. There should be regulations on the production of ultra-processed food. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Need a digital diet? Here's what worked for me A. Other cards never quite stuck. B. I've found families are struggling to reset. C. Together, we spend 20 absorbed minutes sorting them by colour and dividing them into piles, time when neither of us is distracted by a screen. D. I was setting out to do one task but being sidetracked into something totally different. E. But what really matters day to day for you is how you feel that extra hour in your morning is best spent. F. The goal, says Gammer, is not to force yourself to change, but to try to build a new healthy habit, like less caffeine. I was having a desirable weekday lie-in when my four-year-old bounded in to inform me it was time to get dressed. Shocked to find I had wasted nearly two hours scrolling mindlessly through my phone instead of resting, I got out of bed feeling more mentally exhausted than on mornings when I get up at dawn. Thinking about what sort of digital diet to put myself on, I came across Mind Over Tech, founded by web developer Jonathan Gammer. About five years ago, Gammer noticed that part of his mental disquiet came from having limited control over his attention when he used his phone. 47          The product that grew out of Gammer's wake-up call is a physical deck (堆) of 50 cards, each bearing bite-sized experiments to help users approach technology more mindfully. Over a 24-hour period I tried a few out, including: "Avoid early morning," which asked me to try to delay the first moment when I engage with my phone each morning, and "Post-It note on my phone screen," to help me notice when and why I pick it up. 48          The first two cards--plus "Avoid your inbox until afternoon"--worked well for me. Over two weeks, I practiced them each day and found myself feeling more positive about my relationship with technology, more able to exercise self-control when it came to my phone and more productive overall. I think these are habits I will return to regularly. 49          The "Delay the urge to search" card was a spectacular fail, as I spent most of an entire day of searching hotel reviews for an upcoming trip to the US. My favourite part of this experience has been using pen and paper to plan and take notes. Every time I sit down with the deck and my notebook, my two-year-old comes over, attracted by the bright colours on the cards. 50          That's the habit I hope to keep. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. A World of Water Water is essential to life and we depend on it, yet many people take water for granted. As the population of the world increases, and with it the demand for water, there is growing concern that our water supplies will not prove adequate. In areas near the coast, an obvious solution to this problem is to find ways of using the abundant supply of water from the sea. Water covers 70% of the surface of the earth, but 98% of this is undrinkable salt water. However, for centuries man has experimented with different methods of converting salt water into fresh water in a process called desalination, whereby salt and contaminants (污染物) are removed from the water. The challenge, nowadays, is to do this on a much larger scale. One place which has used desalination for many years is the United Arab Emirates (the UAE). It installed the first desalination plants in 1972, and nowadays most of the drinking water in the country is supplied by the process. New filtration systems have been developed to replace the traditional methods, which used a heating process. Another example is Saudi Arabia, whose desalination plants produce almost 25% of the world's desalinated water. One of the largest plants in the world has been constructed there, producing 300 billion litres annually. Unfortunately, desalination is an expensive process using large amounts of energy, but research is currently being carried out into the development of more efficient technology using a combination of different methods. To supply water to 25% of the world's population living within 25 kilometres of the sea, more desalination plants are expected to be built in the future. The hope is that the technology currently being developed will lower the costs and help solve the problem of water shortages in many parts of the world. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这个病人似乎无法公开表达自己的情绪。(difficulty) 53. 我要去图书馆找一本引人入胜的小说，以便在假期里阅读。(in search) 54. 美术馆自豪地展示了各种各样的雕塑，这些雕塑在形式和材料上都各不相同。(vary) 55. 从舞蹈服饰到中国舞文化知识，这位舞蹈老师给澳大利亚的学生带来了耳目一新的舞蹈文化体验。(bring) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近在一份英语杂志上读到一篇关于“经典”的文章，你对此话题很感兴趣，给该杂志“读者来信”专栏写一封信，内容须包括： 1) 你认为“经典作品（如音乐、文学、电影等）”有哪些特点； 2) 用一个具体例子说明你的观点。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $