精品解析：山东济宁市第十三中学2026-2027学年上学期九年级英语10月阶段学情自测

济宁市第十三中学初四阶段性学情调研英语篇 一、阅读理解(每小题3分，共45分) A We are proud to introduce Unitree’s newest robot, GD01-the world’s first manned mecha (机械人) ready for production. It is a smart, super-strong machine built to do the impossible. What can GD01 do? Carry a human passenger inside Transform from two legs to four legs Move through different places, like cities and mountains Punch (用拳猛击) through a brick wall without losing balance Key facts: ● Height: 2.8 meters in two legged form ● Weight: About 500 kilograms, including the battery and driver ● Price: 650,000 dollars, not including tax (税) and shipping cost Possible uses: ■ Everyday transportation: it is designed as a new kind of “vehicle” ■ Emergency rescue: It can, for example, save people after an earthquake or during a fire. ■ Factory jobs: It can help workers move heavy or dangerous objects. Note: we kindly ask all customers to use the robot in a safe and friendly manner. 1. What is special about GD01 according to the passage? A. It is the first robot that can walk on two legs. B. It is the world’s first manned mecha ready for production. C. It is the cheapest robot ever made by Unitree. D. It is the first robot that can work in factories. 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. GD01 can carry a human passenger. B. GD01 can break a wall without falling down. C. The 650,000-dollar price covers tax and shipping costs. D. GD01 may help save people when an earthquake happens. 3. What can we infer from the last note at the end of the passage? A. The robot is very difficult to use. B. The robot should be used in a responsible way. C. The robot can only be used by trained workers. D. The robot is not safe for people to use. B In our city, a long-running race is held every year in June. Dad loved it very much. I loved Dad, so I ran. As a kid, I didn’t just take part in this running race. I joined in all kinds of running races. Dad always ran along beside me to make sure I was safe. When I became a teenager, I wanted to stop running. But Dad encouraged me to go on. “Mary, I’ll sign both of us up,” Dad would say. Before he went to bed, he would put my race number on my desk. Next to it, there would be a box of chocolates and a note: “I would love to run with you.” It was enough to get me out of bed the next morning to join him. Slowly, I started to like running. Dad always cheered me on in my high school and college running races. Now, as a mother of three children, I have come to realize that my father must have slowed down when he ran with me. I also know why he ran along beside a younger me, asking strange questions. He was trying to communicate with me because he didn’t know what I was thinking. Last year, I joined in the city race alone, for Dad was too sick to run. Though he was not there to cheer me on, I knew he would always be with me, guiding me every step of the way. 4. Mary took part in running races as a kid because of ________. A. the rule of the city B. her love for her father C. the order of her father D. her dream about running 5. What did Dad do to encourage Mary to run? A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 6. Put the following events in the correct order according to the passage. ①The writer became a mother of three children. ②Dad cheered the writer on in her high school races. ③The writer joined in the city race alone. ④Dad ran beside the writer to keep her safe. A. ④②①③ B. ②④①③ C. ④①②③ D. ②①④③ 7. Why did Dad ask Mary strange questions when running with her? A. To show his humor. B. To control his speed. C. To communicate with her. D. To compete with her. C October 1 is International Music Day. It’s a special time to celebrate the power of music. Put on your headphones and press play! Music is not just fun. It is also good for your brain, social life, and schoolwork. The positive (积极的) effects of music Dr. Emily Crosby studies how children think and feel. She explains that music can quickly boost your mood. Listening to a good song can help your brain release feel-good chemicals (化学物质) . It can bring back happy memories to help wash away daily stress. In Spain, scientists tested people who were scared of heights in a virtual (虚拟的) lift. The volunteers who listened to music calmed down (冷静) much more quickly than the others. What can different music do for you? Music type How it helps Why it works Classical music It helps you feel calm. Most classical music has no lyrics, so your brain has one less thing to think. Songs with lyrics It helps you understand and express your feelings Singers and songwriters put common feelings into words. “Music gives me confidence” Lola is a sixth-grade choir (合唱团) member from the U. S. A. She says singing has made her more confident. After five years in the choir, she no longer feels afraid to perform in front of a crowd. “I sometimes make mistakes, like singing the wrong note, but everyone around me is supportive,” she says. Singing has taught her that it is OK to make mistakes. What about making your own music? Listening is great, but making music can be even more helpful. Singing, playing an instrument or creating your own tunes (曲调) can help you deal with stress. Learning music can also help your memory because you need to remember rhythms. So, start making some music today. Every note (音符) you play and every song you sing can make your day a little brighter! 8. What happens in your brain when you listen to a good song? A. It stops working to let your mind rest. B. It brings back every detail of the past. C. It forgets all the stress from your schoolwork. D. It produces chemicals that bring happy feelings. 9. What did the experiment in Spain show about music? A. It helps people calm down and reduce fear. B. It stops people from feeling afraid of heights. C. It only works when classical music is played. D. It helps people spend less time in the virtual lift. 10. Ben has many things on his mind and feels worried. According to the table (表格) , which kind of music may help him and how to help? A. Songs with lyrics— they help express feelings. B. Songs with lyrics— they put feelings into words. C. Classical music— it calms you and has no lyrics. D. Classical music— it always makes people happy. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Learning music can help your memory. B. Music is helpful to people in many different ways. C. International Music Day is celebrated on October 1. D. Singing in a choir can make people more confident. D On July 10, 2026, a huge Long March 10B rocket roared into the sky from Hainan. Its mission (任务) was to send a satellite into space. About six minutes after the first stage (一级箭体) separated from the rest of the rocket, something amazing happened. The first stage, the lowest part of the rocket, returned to Earth and was caught by a huge net (网) on a ship. It was the first time a rocket’s first stage had come home with the help of a net. Why do we need to recover (回收) the first stage? In the past, many first stages were used only once and then lost in the ocean. This was a huge waste, like buying a car and throwing it away after just one drive. To save money, engineers want to reuse them. However, some first stages need heavy landing legs to land safely. These legs are heavy and take up space on the rocket. The net system is a smart solution. With a net on a ship, the first stage doesn’t need those heavy legs. The net acts just like a mother catching her falling child. When the first stage comes down, the net catches it safely. This design makes the first stage lighter, so the rocket can carry more payload into space. After checks, the first stage can be prepared to fly again. This is a big win, as it allows us to send more rockets into space for less money and learn more about the universe. 12. What was special about the first stage’s return on July 10? A. It carried a satellite back to Earth. B. It returned home without any help. C. It was caught by a net for the first time. D. It landed in the ocean safely for the first time. 13. The writer mentions a car in paragraph 2 to _________. A. explain the high cost of rockets B. show rockets are faster than sports cars C. prove cars are easier to build than rockets D. point out the waste of using a rocket only once 14. Why do engineers want to avoid using landing legs? A. To make the rocket look nicer. B. To check the rocket more quickly. C. To make the rocket carry more things. D. To help the rocket land more smoothly. 15. The underlined word “payload” in paragraph 2 means “_________.” A. the weight of the first stage B. the total weight of the rocket C. the weight of the landing legs D. the weight of things carried into space 二、请根据首字母或汉语提示填上合适的单词。(每小题1分，共6分) 16. This professional sports watch really costs a lot of money. Few students can a________ such an expensive product. 17. Good teamwork leads to good results. Athletes need to c________ with teammates in the 4×100 relay race. 18. Guqin is a kind of t________ Chinese musical instrument. It has a history of thousands of years. 19. We shouldn’t j________ a person only by his looks. What is inside him is more important. 20. As ________ (公民) of China, we feel proud of our country’s development. 21. This folk song is ________ (广泛地) known across Asia. Millions of people enjoy its beautiful rhythm. 三、语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) A Most modern music uses seven notes (音符): Do, Re, Mi, Fa, So, La, and Ti. In ancient China, however, people used only five notes. They are called Gong (宫), Shang (商), Jue (角), Zhi (徵), and Yu (羽). You might be wondering how the notes got their names. To be honest, no one knows for sure, and experts have different ____22____ (opinion). Some say that the names were ____23____ (take) from the Twenty-Eight Mansions (二十八星宿), which you can think of as ancient Chinese constellations (星座). The Chinese five-note system was created during the Spring and Autumn period. Music written with these five notes was considered the ____24____ (beautiful) of all the pieces at that time. The five-note system is still in use today. Recently, it ____25____ already ____26____ (appear) not only in folk songs, but in pop songs too. Lots of Jay Chou’s songs—including the “Blue-and-White Porcelain (青花瓷)” you love—carry on this practice. By ____27____ (avoid) Fa and Ti, these songs take on a special Chinese style. That’s why they are huge! B Have you seen the latest news? The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院大学) just founded (创办) a School of Space Exploration (太空探索学院) ! That sounds exciting for me ____28____ I’ve always dreamed of exploring space! Does this mean we can travel beyond the solar system? For now, of course not! Real interstellar travel is still science fiction. The nearest star system is 4.37 light years away. That’s over 41 trillion kilometers! At present, they learn how rockets and spaceships work, and they study which planets might be safe for people ____29____ (live) on. Maybe one day, neighbourhoods ____30____ (build) in space! There’s even a course (课程) called “interstellar sociology (星际社会学) .” I wonder what it will teach? Maybe it ____31____ (teach) you how to greet aliens without starting a war? I hope I can leave Earth one day and meet ____32____ (they) in person. But space exploration isn’t just about leaving Earth. It also helps us better understand and protect our planet. We need to take care of our home, even while we’re looking up at the stars. 四、完形填空。(每小题2分，共14分) 请选择合适的词填空，其中两项多余。 whether, studied, even, inspires, interest, created, left, Beyond, But The person worth remembering for all Chinese is Zhang Heng, a great ancient Chinese inventor and astronomer (天文学家) . He ____33____ behind valuable scientific wealth to the world for over two thousand years. From his early childhood, he showed great ____34____ in the unknown nature and the stars and planets. His lifelong exploration of astronomy, geography and machinery never stopped, ____35____ when he faced others’ doubts. He ____36____ the world’s first seismograph (地动仪) to detect earthquake directions. ____37____ his achievements, he had a great sense of responsibility, always hoping to use his knowledge to help common people. It is respectable of him to stick to the truth and contribute his whole life to research. He never cared about ____38____ his research could win high praise, only focusing on its practical value. His story still ____39____ people today. 五、阅读表达(每小题2分，共10分) China made a strong start in the pool at the Asian Games. On September 20, 13-year-old Yu Zidi raced to gold in the women’s 200-metre butterfly (蝶泳). She touched the wall in 2 minutes 5.08 seconds—a new personal best and Asian Games record! Earlier this year, Yu beat (打败) American swimmer Regan Smith, an Olympic silver medallist, in the same event at a meet (比赛) in China. She set a personal best that day, then beat it in Tokyo. “I hope I can swim even faster,” Yu said. “I believe I will perform better next time.” Her victory meant a lot to teammate Li Bingjie. Both swimmers come from Baoding, Hebei. “I am very happy for her,” Li said. “I was very excited to see her win the gold while I was waiting for my race.” Li went on to take gold herself in the women’s 1,500-metre freestyle. Yu won’t turn 14 until later this month, but she is already a rising star in swimming. Now she is looking ahead to bigger stages: next year’s World Championships in Budapest and the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics. Her goal (目标) is clear: to step onto the Olympic podium (领奖台) and take home gold. She knows that reaching the top takes more than one great race. “I train hard day after day,” she said. “I need to lower my head earlier, reach farther, and improve the movement of my legs. Those are all areas that I still need to make progress in.” Every small improvement could bring Yu closer to her Olympic dream. At just 13, she is already making waves (引起轰动)—and she has no plans to slow down. 请根据短文回答下列问题。 40. How long did it take Yu Zidi to finish the women’s 200-metre butterfly at the Asian Games? (No more than 4 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Yu Zidi do at a meet in China earlier this year? (No more than 11 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What is Yu Zidi’s goal? (No more than 10 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 请将划线的句子翻译成汉语。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. 请给文章起一个合适的标题。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达(15分) 45. 在我们这个时代有许多的杰出的运动员，受到青少年们的敬佩。假设你最敬佩的运动员是郑钦文，请根据下面思维导图的提示，以“The athlete I admire the most”为题写一篇英语作文，介绍她的运动经历和成就，你印象最深刻的一次比赛以及令你敬佩的原因。 要求：1. 文章要包含思维导图所有要点；2. 100词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 ☆Zheng Qinwen ☆Tennis player ①Achievements (成就) : ☆first Chinese Olympic gold medal in tennis singles ②Early experience (早期经历) : ☆start at 7, ☆practise hard, ☆repeat (重复) the same movements, ☆never stop ③The 2024 Paris Olympic Games (2024年巴黎奥运会) : ☆at first: play well→final game: difficult→catch up→win gold ④Reasons& influences (原因及影响) : ☆be amazed by… , ☆never give up, Olympic spirit The athlete I admire the most You may have never heard of my favorite athlete______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 济宁市第十三中学初四阶段性学情调研英语篇 一、阅读理解(每小题3分，共45分) A We are proud to introduce Unitree’s newest robot, GD01-the world’s first manned mecha (机械人) ready for production. It is a smart, super-strong machine built to do the impossible. What can GD01 do? Carry a human passenger inside Transform from two legs to four legs Move through different places, like cities and mountains Punch (用拳猛击) through a brick wall without losing balance Key facts: ● Height: 2.8 meters in two legged form ● Weight: About 500 kilograms, including the battery and driver ● Price: 650,000 dollars, not including tax (税) and shipping cost Possible uses: ■ Everyday transportation: it is designed as a new kind of “vehicle” ■ Emergency rescue: It can, for example, save people after an earthquake or during a fire. ■ Factory jobs: It can help workers move heavy or dangerous objects. Note: we kindly ask all customers to use the robot in a safe and friendly manner. 1. What is special about GD01 according to the passage? A. It is the first robot that can walk on two legs. B. It is the world’s first manned mecha ready for production. C. It is the cheapest robot ever made by Unitree. D. It is the first robot that can work in factories. 2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. GD01 can carry a human passenger. B. GD01 can break a wall without falling down. C. The 650,000-dollar price covers tax and shipping costs. D. GD01 may help save people when an earthquake happens. 3. What can we infer from the last note at the end of the passage? A. The robot is very difficult to use. B. The robot should be used in a responsible way. C. The robot can only be used by trained workers. D. The robot is not safe for people to use. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了宇树科技推出的全球首款可量产载人机械人GD01，涵盖它的功能、核心参数、应用场景以及使用注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“We are proud to introduce Unitree’s newest robot, GD01-the world’s first manned mecha (机械人) ready for production.”可知，GD01的特别之处是它是全球首款可量产的载人机械人。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章Key facts部分“Price: 650,000 dollars, not including tax (税) and shipping cost”可知，65万美元的售价不包含税费和运费，C表述不符合原文。 【3题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Note: we kindly ask all customers to use the robot in a safe and friendly manner.”可知，厂商提醒用户要安全友好地使用这款机器人，由此可推知这款机器人应该被负责任地使用。 B In our city, a long-running race is held every year in June. Dad loved it very much. I loved Dad, so I ran. As a kid, I didn’t just take part in this running race. I joined in all kinds of running races. Dad always ran along beside me to make sure I was safe. When I became a teenager, I wanted to stop running. But Dad encouraged me to go on. “Mary, I’ll sign both of us up,” Dad would say. Before he went to bed, he would put my race number on my desk. Next to it, there would be a box of chocolates and a note: “I would love to run with you.” It was enough to get me out of bed the next morning to join him. Slowly, I started to like running. Dad always cheered me on in my high school and college running races. Now, as a mother of three children, I have come to realize that my father must have slowed down when he ran with me. I also know why he ran along beside a younger me, asking strange questions. He was trying to communicate with me because he didn’t know what I was thinking. Last year, I joined in the city race alone, for Dad was too sick to run. Though he was not there to cheer me on, I knew he would always be with me, guiding me every step of the way. 4. Mary took part in running races as a kid because of ________. A. the rule of the city B. her love for her father C. the order of her father D. her dream about running 5. What did Dad do to encourage Mary to run? A. ①②③ B. ①②④ C. ①③④ D. ②③④ 6. Put the following events in the correct order according to the passage. ①The writer became a mother of three children. ②Dad cheered the writer on in her high school races. ③The writer joined in the city race alone. ④Dad ran beside the writer to keep her safe. A. ④②①③ B. ②④①③ C. ④①②③ D. ②①④③ 7. Why did Dad ask Mary strange questions when running with her? A. To show his humor. B. To control his speed. C. To communicate with her. D. To compete with her. 【答案】4. B 5. C 6. A 7. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Mary因深爱父亲而从小跟随父亲参加跑步比赛，在她青少年时期想放弃跑步时，父亲用各种方式鼓励她坚持；成年后Mary成为母亲，逐渐理解了父亲陪伴背后的深沉父爱，即便后来父亲病重无法陪她参赛，她也深知父亲的爱一直指引着自己。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Dad loved it very much. I loved Dad, so I ran.”可知，Mary小时候参加跑步比赛是出于对父亲的爱。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Before he went to bed, he would put my race number on my desk. Next to it, there would be a box of chocolates and a note: ‘I would love to run with you.’”可知，父亲为鼓励Mary跑步，会将参赛号码、写着“我想和你一起跑步”的便条、一盒巧克力放在她桌上，对应图片①③④。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章内容，梳理文中叙事的时间线：第一段讲述作者小时候“Dad always ran along beside me to make sure I was safe.”，对应事件④；第二段讲述作者高中时期“Dad always cheered me on in my high school and college running races.”，对应事件②；第三段讲述作者现在的情况“Now, as a mother of three children”，对应事件①；第四段讲述去年的事“Last year, I joined in the city race alone”，对应事件③。因此事件正确顺序为④②①③。 【7题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“He was trying to communicate with me because he didn’t know what I was thinking.”可知，父亲跑步时问奇怪的问题是为了和Mary交流。 C October 1 is International Music Day. It’s a special time to celebrate the power of music. Put on your headphones and press play! Music is not just fun. It is also good for your brain, social life, and schoolwork. The positive (积极的) effects of music Dr. Emily Crosby studies how children think and feel. She explains that music can quickly boost your mood. Listening to a good song can help your brain release feel-good chemicals (化学物质) . It can bring back happy memories to help wash away daily stress. In Spain, scientists tested people who were scared of heights in a virtual (虚拟的) lift. The volunteers who listened to music calmed down (冷静) much more quickly than the others. What can different music do for you? Music type How it helps Why it works Classical music It helps you feel calm. Most classical music has no lyrics, so your brain has one less thing to think. Songs with lyrics It helps you understand and express your feelings Singers and songwriters put common feelings into words. “Music gives me confidence” Lola is a sixth-grade choir (合唱团) member from the U. S. A. She says singing has made her more confident. After five years in the choir, she no longer feels afraid to perform in front of a crowd. “I sometimes make mistakes, like singing the wrong note, but everyone around me is supportive,” she says. Singing has taught her that it is OK to make mistakes. What about making your own music? Listening is great, but making music can be even more helpful. Singing, playing an instrument or creating your own tunes (曲调) can help you deal with stress. Learning music can also help your memory because you need to remember rhythms. So, start making some music today. Every note (音符) you play and every song you sing can make your day a little brighter! 8. What happens in your brain when you listen to a good song? A. It stops working to let your mind rest. B. It brings back every detail of the past. C. It forgets all the stress from your schoolwork. D. It produces chemicals that bring happy feelings. 9. What did the experiment in Spain show about music? A. It helps people calm down and reduce fear. B. It stops people from feeling afraid of heights. C. It only works when classical music is played. D. It helps people spend less time in the virtual lift. 10. Ben has many things on his mind and feels worried. According to the table (表格) , which kind of music may help him and how to help? A. Songs with lyrics— they help express feelings. B. Songs with lyrics— they put feelings into words. C. Classical music— it calms you and has no lyrics. D. Classical music— it always makes people happy. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Learning music can help your memory. B. Music is helpful to people in many different ways. C. International Music Day is celebrated on October 1. D. Singing in a choir can make people more confident. 【答案】8. D 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文，围绕音乐的积极作用展开，介绍了音乐对情绪的改善作用、缓解恐惧的相关实验，不同类型音乐的不同功效，以及创作音乐的额外益处，说明音乐在多方面对人们有益。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Listening to a good song can help your brain release feel-good chemicals.”可推知，听好听的歌曲时，大脑会释放让人感觉良好的化学物质，也就是产生能带来快乐感受的化学物质。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In Spain, scientists tested people who were scared of heights in a virtual lift. The volunteers who listened to music calmed down much more quickly than the others.”可推知，西班牙的实验表明音乐能帮助人们冷静下来，减轻恐惧。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章表格中“Classical music”对应的内容“It helps you feel calm. Most classical music has no lyrics, so your brain has one less thing to think.”可推知，心事多、感到焦虑的Ben适合听古典音乐，它能让人平静，且没有歌词不会增加大脑的思虑。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。文章从音乐改善情绪、缓解恐惧、不同类型音乐的作用、创作音乐的益处等多个维度展开介绍，核心是说明音乐在很多不同的方面都对人们有帮助。 D On July 10, 2026, a huge Long March 10B rocket roared into the sky from Hainan. Its mission (任务) was to send a satellite into space. About six minutes after the first stage (一级箭体) separated from the rest of the rocket, something amazing happened. The first stage, the lowest part of the rocket, returned to Earth and was caught by a huge net (网) on a ship. It was the first time a rocket’s first stage had come home with the help of a net. Why do we need to recover (回收) the first stage? In the past, many first stages were used only once and then lost in the ocean. This was a huge waste, like buying a car and throwing it away after just one drive. To save money, engineers want to reuse them. However, some first stages need heavy landing legs to land safely. These legs are heavy and take up space on the rocket. The net system is a smart solution. With a net on a ship, the first stage doesn’t need those heavy legs. The net acts just like a mother catching her falling child. When the first stage comes down, the net catches it safely. This design makes the first stage lighter, so the rocket can carry more payload into space. After checks, the first stage can be prepared to fly again. This is a big win, as it allows us to send more rockets into space for less money and learn more about the universe. 12. What was special about the first stage’s return on July 10? A. It carried a satellite back to Earth. B. It returned home without any help. C. It was caught by a net for the first time. D. It landed in the ocean safely for the first time. 13. The writer mentions a car in paragraph 2 to _________. A. explain the high cost of rockets B. show rockets are faster than sports cars C. prove cars are easier to build than rockets D. point out the waste of using a rocket only once 14. Why do engineers want to avoid using landing legs? A. To make the rocket look nicer. B. To check the rocket more quickly. C. To make the rocket carry more things. D. To help the rocket land more smoothly. 15. The underlined word “payload” in paragraph 2 means “_________.” A. the weight of the first stage B. the total weight of the rocket C. the weight of the landing legs D. the weight of things carried into space 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. C 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了2026年7月10日长征十号乙火箭的一级箭体首次借助船上的大网成功回收的事件，说明了回收火箭一级箭体的原因、网回收系统的优势，以及该回收方式的积极意义。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第1段“It was the first time a rocket’s first stage had come home with the help of a net.”可知，此次一级箭体返回的特殊之处是它首次通过网完成回收。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第2段“In the past, many first stages were used only once and then lost in the ocean. This was a huge waste, like buying a car and throwing it away after just one drive.”可知，作者提及汽车是为了指出火箭一级箭体仅使用一次的浪费问题。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第2段“These legs are heavy and take up space on the rocket. This design makes the first stage lighter, so the rocket can carry more payload into space.”可知，不使用着陆腿可减轻一级箭体的重量，让火箭能携带更多物品进入太空，这是工程师避免使用着陆腿的原因。 【15题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第2段“This design makes the first stage lighter, so the rocket can carry more payload into space.”可知，payload是火箭运载到太空的物品，结合语境可推断其含义为“被运送到太空的物品的重量”。 二、请根据首字母或汉语提示填上合适的单词。(每小题1分，共6分) 16. This professional sports watch really costs a lot of money. Few students can a________ such an expensive product. 【答案】 afford##fford 【解析】 【详解】句意：这款专业运动手表价格非常昂贵，很少有学生能负担得起如此昂贵的产品。根据“costs a lot of money”及“Few students can…such an expensive product”可知，价格昂贵，很少的学生能负担得起，afford“负担得起”，“can”是情态动词，后接动词原形。 17. Good teamwork leads to good results. Athletes need to c________ with teammates in the 4×100 relay race. 【答案】cooperate 【解析】 【详解】句意：良好的团队合作带来好成绩。运动员在4×100米接力赛中需要和队友合作。结合语句“Athletes need to…with teammates in the 4×100 relay race.”及首字母c的提示可知，对应的动词是cooperate，表示“合作；协作”，固定搭配cooperate with sb表示“和某人合作”，need to后接动词原形。故填cooperate。 18. Guqin is a kind of t________ Chinese musical instrument. It has a history of thousands of years. 【答案】traditional##raditional 【解析】 【详解】句意：古琴是一种传统的中国乐器。它有数千年的历史。 根据常识以及首字母t可知，古琴是一种传统的中国乐器，traditional“传统的”，形容词，修饰后面的名词短语Chinese musical instrument。故填traditional。 19. We shouldn’t j________ a person only by his looks. What is inside him is more important. 【答案】 judge##udge 【解析】 【详解】句意：我们不应仅凭一个人的外貌来评判他。他的内心品质更为重要。根据“shouldn’t…a person only by his looks”及字母j可知，此句表达的是不能通过一个人的外表来判断他这个人怎么样，judge“判断”，“shouldn’t”是情态动词，后接动词原形。 20. As ________ (公民) of China, we feel proud of our country’s development. 【答案】citizens 【解析】 【详解】句意：作为中国公民，我们为国家的发展感到自豪。“公民”对应的英文单词是citizen，主语是we，对应复数名词，故填citizens。 21. This folk song is ________ (广泛地) known across Asia. Millions of people enjoy its beautiful rhythm. 【答案】widely 【解析】 【详解】句意：这首民歌在亚洲广为人知。数百万人喜欢它优美的韵律。根据汉语提示可知，空格处修饰动词known，应用副词widely“广泛地”。故填widely。 三、语法填空(每小题1分，共10分) A Most modern music uses seven notes (音符): Do, Re, Mi, Fa, So, La, and Ti. In ancient China, however, people used only five notes. They are called Gong (宫), Shang (商), Jue (角), Zhi (徵), and Yu (羽). You might be wondering how the notes got their names. To be honest, no one knows for sure, and experts have different ____22____ (opinion). Some say that the names were ____23____ (take) from the Twenty-Eight Mansions (二十八星宿), which you can think of as ancient Chinese constellations (星座). The Chinese five-note system was created during the Spring and Autumn period. Music written with these five notes was considered the ____24____ (beautiful) of all the pieces at that time. The five-note system is still in use today. Recently, it ____25____ already ____26____ (appear) not only in folk songs, but in pop songs too. Lots of Jay Chou’s songs—including the “Blue-and-White Porcelain (青花瓷)” you love—carry on this practice. By ____27____ (avoid) Fa and Ti, these songs take on a special Chinese style. That’s why they are huge! 【答案】22. opinions 23. taken 24. most beautiful 25. has 26. appeared 27. avoiding 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国传统五声音阶（宫、商、角、徵、羽），讲述它起源于春秋时期，名称由来尚无定论，至今仍被使用，像周杰伦《青花瓷》这类歌曲运用五声音阶，形成独特的中式曲风。 【22题详解】 句意：说实话，没有人知道确切的答案，专家们也有不同的看法。opinion“看法”，结合“different”可知，这里要填一个复数名词，opinion复数形式是opinions。 【23题详解】 句意：有人说，这些名字取自“二十八星宿”，你可以把它想象成中国古代的星座。结合“the names were...”可知，这里是指名字取自“二十八星宿”，该句是被动语态，所以这里要填take的过去分词taken。 【24题详解】 句意：用这五个音符谱写的音乐在当时被认为是所有作品中最美的。后面有范围“of all the pieces”，表示三者及以上比较，要用形容词最高级，beautiful的最高级是most beautiful，意为“最美的”。 【25题详解】 句意：最近，它不仅出现在民歌中，也出现在流行歌曲中。标志词already是现在完成时的提示词，其结构为have/has + 过去分词，主语it是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 【26题详解】 句意：最近，它不仅出现在民歌中，也出现在流行歌曲中。标志词already是现在完成时的提示词，其结构为have/has + 过去分词，appear的过去分词为appeared，意为“出现”。 【27题详解】 句意：通过避开Fa和Ti这两个音，这些歌曲呈现出一种特殊的中国风格。by为介词，后接动名词，avoid的动名词为avoiding，意为“避开”。 B Have you seen the latest news? The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (中国科学院大学) just founded (创办) a School of Space Exploration (太空探索学院) ! That sounds exciting for me ____28____ I’ve always dreamed of exploring space! Does this mean we can travel beyond the solar system? For now, of course not! Real interstellar travel is still science fiction. The nearest star system is 4.37 light years away. That’s over 41 trillion kilometers! At present, they learn how rockets and spaceships work, and they study which planets might be safe for people ____29____ (live) on. Maybe one day, neighbourhoods ____30____ (build) in space! There’s even a course (课程) called “interstellar sociology (星际社会学) .” I wonder what it will teach? Maybe it ____31____ (teach) you how to greet aliens without starting a war? I hope I can leave Earth one day and meet ____32____ (they) in person. But space exploration isn’t just about leaving Earth. It also helps us better understand and protect our planet. We need to take care of our home, even while we’re looking up at the stars. 【答案】28. because 29. to live 30. will be built 31. will teach 32. them 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述中国科学院大学创办太空探索学院，介绍学院相关学习内容，畅想星际探索，同时说明太空探索也有助于我们理解和保护地球。 【28题详解】 句意：这对我来说听起来很令人激动，因为我一直梦想探索太空！前半句“That sounds exciting for me”是主句，后半句“I’ve always dreamed of exploring space” 是原因状语从句，用来解释为什么这件事让人激动。because引导原因状语从句，表示 “因为”。应填because。 【29题详解】 句意：目前，他们学习火箭和宇宙飞船如何运作，并且研究哪些行星可能适合人类居住。固定结构“be+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”，表示“对某人来说做某事是……的”，不定式作后置定语。应填to live。 【30题详解】 句意：也许有一天，社区将会在太空被建造出来！主语“neighbourhoods”和动词build是被动关系；时间状语“Maybe one day”表示将来，要用一般将来时的被动语态：will be+过去分词。应填will be built。 【31题详解】 句意：也许它将会教你如何跟外星人打招呼而不引发战争？本句承接前文对未来星际课程的猜想，是对将来情况的推测。will+动词原形，构成一般将来时，表示将来会发生的动作。应填will teach。 【32题详解】 句意：我希望有一天我可以离开地球，亲自见到他们。动词meet后面需要接人称代词宾格作宾语。they的宾格是them。应填them。 四、完形填空。(每小题2分，共14分) 请选择合适的词填空，其中两项多余。 whether, studied, even, inspires, interest, created, left, Beyond, But The person worth remembering for all Chinese is Zhang Heng, a great ancient Chinese inventor and astronomer (天文学家) . He ____33____ behind valuable scientific wealth to the world for over two thousand years. From his early childhood, he showed great ____34____ in the unknown nature and the stars and planets. His lifelong exploration of astronomy, geography and machinery never stopped, ____35____ when he faced others’ doubts. He ____36____ the world’s first seismograph (地动仪) to detect earthquake directions. ____37____ his achievements, he had a great sense of responsibility, always hoping to use his knowledge to help common people. It is respectable of him to stick to the truth and contribute his whole life to research. He never cared about ____38____ his research could win high praise, only focusing on its practical value. His story still ____39____ people today. 【答案】33. left 34. interest 35. even 36. created 37. Beyond 38. whether 39. inspires 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国古代伟大的发明家和天文学家张衡的生平事迹，包括他创造地动仪、探索自然以及他的责任感。 【33题详解】 句意：他为世界留下了两千多年的宝贵科学财富。空前“He”和空后“behind valuable scientific wealth”提示此处需用动词作谓语，描述过去发生的事情应用一般过去时；leave...behind为固定搭配，指张衡为后世“留下”了科学财富，应选用过去式left。 【34题详解】 句意：从童年起，他就对未知的自然和星辰表现出极大的兴趣。空前“showed great”和空后“in”提示此处需用名词作宾语；后文提到他毕生探索天文、地理，说明他从小就对自然表现出浓厚的“兴趣”，应选用interest“兴趣”，表示抽象含义为不可数名词，构成show great interest in“对……很感兴趣”。 【35题详解】 句意：他毕生对天文、地理和机械的探索从未停止，即使面对他人的质疑。空前“never stopped”和空后“when he faced others’ doubts”提示此处需用副词加强语气；张衡即使在面对质疑时也没有停止探索，需填“甚至/即使”，应选用even。 【36题详解】 句意：他创造了世界上第一台地动仪来探测地震方向。空前“He”和空后“the world’s first seismograph”提示此处需用动词作谓语，描述过去的成就应用一般过去时；张衡“创造”了地动仪，应选用过去式created。 【37题详解】 句意：除了他的成就之外，他还具有强烈的责任感。空前句号提示此处需用介词短语作状语，且位于句首首字母需大写；前文介绍他的伟大发明，此处转入对他精神品质的描述，表示“除了”成就之外，应选用Beyond。 【38题详解】 句意：他从不在乎他的研究是否能赢得高度赞扬，只关注其实用价值。空前“cared about”和空后“his research could win high praise”提示此处需用连词引导宾语从句；后文“only focusing on its practical value”说明他不在乎能否赢得赞扬，应选用whether表示“是否”。 【39题详解】 句意：他的故事至今仍激励着人们。空前“His story still”为单数主语，描述客观事实应用一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数形式；故事“激励”人们，应选用第三人称单数形式inspires。 五、阅读表达(每小题2分，共10分) China made a strong start in the pool at the Asian Games. On September 20, 13-year-old Yu Zidi raced to gold in the women’s 200-metre butterfly (蝶泳). She touched the wall in 2 minutes 5.08 seconds—a new personal best and Asian Games record! Earlier this year, Yu beat (打败) American swimmer Regan Smith, an Olympic silver medallist, in the same event at a meet (比赛) in China. She set a personal best that day, then beat it in Tokyo. “I hope I can swim even faster,” Yu said. “I believe I will perform better next time.” Her victory meant a lot to teammate Li Bingjie. Both swimmers come from Baoding, Hebei. “I am very happy for her,” Li said. “I was very excited to see her win the gold while I was waiting for my race.” Li went on to take gold herself in the women’s 1,500-metre freestyle. Yu won’t turn 14 until later this month, but she is already a rising star in swimming. Now she is looking ahead to bigger stages: next year’s World Championships in Budapest and the 2028 Los Angeles Olympics. Her goal (目标) is clear: to step onto the Olympic podium (领奖台) and take home gold. She knows that reaching the top takes more than one great race. “I train hard day after day,” she said. “I need to lower my head earlier, reach farther, and improve the movement of my legs. Those are all areas that I still need to make progress in.” Every small improvement could bring Yu closer to her Olympic dream. At just 13, she is already making waves (引起轰动)—and she has no plans to slow down. 请根据短文回答下列问题。 40. How long did it take Yu Zidi to finish the women’s 200-metre butterfly at the Asian Games? (No more than 4 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 41. What did Yu Zidi do at a meet in China earlier this year? (No more than 11 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 42. What is Yu Zidi’s goal? (No more than 10 words) __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 43. 请将划线的句子翻译成汉语。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 44. 请给文章起一个合适的标题。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. 2 minutes 5.08 seconds. 41. She beat American swimmer Regan Smith. 42. To step onto the Olympic podium and take home gold. 43. 那些都是我仍然需要取得进步的方面。 44. A Rising Star in Swimming 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了13岁的中国游泳小将Yu Zidi在亚运会上夺得女子200米蝶泳金牌的故事，以及她为实现奥运梦想而不断努力的决心。 【40题详解】 原文第一段最后一句“She touched the wall in 2 minutes 5.08 seconds—a new personal best and Asian Games record!”，指出她花了2分5秒08完成比赛，可以从原文直接提取答案。 【41题详解】 原文第二段第一句“Earlier this year, Yu beat American swimmer Regan Smith, an Olympic silver medallist, in the same event at a meet in China.”，介绍了她击败了美国游泳运动员Regan Smith，可以从原文直接提取答案。 【42题详解】 原文第四段第三句“Her goal (目标) is clear: to step onto the Olympic podium (领奖台) and take home gold.”，介绍了她的目标是登上奥运领奖台并夺得金牌，可直接提取她的目标。 【43题详解】 “Those are all areas that I still need to make progress in”译为：那些都是我仍然需要取得进步的方面。该句为包含定语从句的复合句，其中Those意为“那些”，“that I still need to make progress in”作定语修饰先行词areas，areas意为“方面，领域”，need to do sth.意为“需要做某事”，“make progress”意为“取得进步”。 【44题详解】 答案不唯一，合理即可。根据文章第四段“Yu won’t turn 14 until later this month, but she is already a rising star in swimming.”以及全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了游泳新星Yu Zidi的优异成绩与未来目标，以“A Rising Star in Swimming”为标题最为合适。 六、书面表达(15分) 45. 在我们这个时代有许多的杰出的运动员，受到青少年们的敬佩。假设你最敬佩的运动员是郑钦文，请根据下面思维导图的提示，以“The athlete I admire the most”为题写一篇英语作文，介绍她的运动经历和成就，你印象最深刻的一次比赛以及令你敬佩的原因。 要求：1. 文章要包含思维导图所有要点；2. 100词左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。 ☆Zheng Qinwen ☆Tennis player ①Achievements (成就) : ☆first Chinese Olympic gold medal in tennis singles ②Early experience (早期经历) : ☆start at 7, ☆practise hard, ☆repeat (重复) the same movements, ☆never stop ③The 2024 Paris Olympic Games (2024年巴黎奥运会) : ☆at first: play well→final game: difficult→catch up→win gold ④Reasons& influences (原因及影响) : ☆be amazed by… , ☆never give up, Olympic spirit The athlete I admire the most You may have never heard of my favorite athlete______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 例文 The athlete I admire the most You may have never heard of my favourite athlete, but she is a great tennis player named Zheng Qinwen. Zheng Qinwen won China’s first Olympic gold medal in tennis singles, making all Chinese people proud. She started playing tennis at seven. She practised hard every day, repeating the same movements again and again and never stopping. At the 2024 Paris Olympics, she played well at first. The final game was difficult, but she managed to catch up and won the gold medal in the end. I am deeply amazed by her strong will. I admire her because she never gives up. She shows us the true Olympic spirit, and I will learn from her when I meet difficulties. 【解析】 【详解】写作步骤 [第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：人物介绍记叙文，以一般过去时、一般现在时为主 明确要点：运动员运动经历和成就、印象最深的一场比赛、敬佩的原因 确定人称：第一人称和第三人称为主 注意事项：作文要点必须覆盖思维导图全部内容，词数100左右，给定开头不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 开头段：题目已给出现成开头，引出你最敬佩的运动员是谁 主体段：早年训练经历；重大赛事的比赛过程与取得成就 结尾段：说明敬佩这名运动员的原因，谈感悟、升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：成就 成就：Zheng Qinwen won China’s first Olympic gold medal in tennis, making all Chinese people proud./She made history by winning China’s first tennis gold medal at the Olympic Games./Her Olympic gold medal in tennis is a big breakthrough for Chinese tennis.等 要点二：早期经历 She started playing tennis at seven. She practised hard every day, repeating the same movements again and again and never stopping./When she was seven years old, she took up tennis. She spent long hours on training and kept practising basic actions over and over without giving up./She began to play tennis at the age of seven. She trained very hard. Even tired, she kept repeating the same skills and never stopped.等 要点三：关键赛事 At the 2024 Paris Olympics, she played well at first. The final game was difficult, but she managed to catch up and won the gold medal in the end./In the final of the 2024 Paris Olympics, she played nicely at the beginning. Though the match was really tough, she tried her best to close the gap and finally took the gold./Things went well for her at first in the final. Facing great pressure in this hard game, she fought back step by step and succeeded in winning the gold medal.等 要点四：敬佩原因 I am deeply amazed by her strong will. I admire her because she never gives up. She shows us the true Olympic spirit, and I will learn from her when I meet difficulties./I am greatly surprised by her powerful mind. What I admire most is that she never gives up. She carries the Olympic spirit and sets a good example for me./Her strong will impresses me a lot. Her spirit of never giving up shows what the Olympic spirit really means. I want to learn from her.等 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $