Unit 7 The secret of memory 语法填空（热点题型专练）英语新教材沪教版八年级上册

Unit 7 The secret of memory 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自我——记忆提升、学习策略） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Do you want to improve your memory? Here are some simple tips. First, pay attention in class. If you don’t focus, your brain may fail 1 (remember) important information. Taking notes is also 2 good habit. Second, review regularly. Try to review what you have learned within the 3 (one) 24 hours. The more you review, the 4 (easy) it will be to recall the information. This is one of the best ways to strengthen your memory. Third, use your senses. Reading your notes aloud can be very 5 (help). You can also discuss what you learn 6 your classmates. Drawing a small mind map uses sight and touch, so the brain keeps the idea better. Finally, stay healthy. 7 (get) enough sleep is important for your brain. Bad sleep makes it harder for new information 8 (enter) your long-term memory. Now you know 9 memory works. Why not try these 10 (technique) today? 【答案】 1．to remember 2．a 3．first 4．easier 5．helpful 6．with 7．Getting 8．to enter 9．how 10．techniques 【导语】本文主要讲述了提高记忆的一些方法。 【详解】 1．句意：如果你不集中注意力，你的大脑可能无法记住重要信息。fail to do sth.意为“未能做某事、无法做某事”，用动词不定式作fail的宾语，因此填to remember。 2．句意：记笔记也是一个好习惯。habit是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一个好习惯”，good以辅音音素开头，填不定冠词a。 3．句意：尽量在最初的24小时内复习你学过的内容。定冠词the后需要搭配序数词，the first 24 hours表示“最初的24小时”，符合语境，因此将基数词one变为序数词first。 4．句意：你复习得越多，回忆起这些信息就越容易。the+比较级，the+比较级，意为“越……，就越……”，be动词后接形容词作表语，形容词easy变为其比较级形式easier。 5．句意：大声朗读你的笔记会非常有帮助。系动词be后需要接形容词作表语，动词help变为形容词helpful“有帮助的”。 6．句意：你也可以和你的同学讨论你学到的内容。discuss sth. with sb.意为“和某人讨论某事”，填介词with。 7．句意：充足的睡眠对你的大脑很重要。句子需要名词性成分作主语，动词get变为动名词形式getting，注意位于句首首字母需要大写。故填Getting。 8．句意：睡眠不好会让新信息更难进入你的长期记忆。make it+形容词+for sth. to do sth.，其中it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式to enter。 9．句意：现在你知道记忆是如何运作的了。此处缺少宾语从句的引导词，结合前文介绍提升记忆的技巧，此处是说明记忆的运作方式，用引导词how表示“如何、怎样”，符合语境。 10．句意：为什么不今天就试试这些技巧呢？指示代词these后接可数名词的复数形式，可数名词technique变为复数techniques。 Passage 2 Everyone wants to be a good learner, but not everyone knows how. The good news is that good learners are not born. They are made 1 good habits and hard work. Here are some useful ways to help you learn better. First, listen carefully in class. When your teacher is speaking, do not just sit there. Take notes while 2 (listen). They can help you remember the important points. If you do not understand something, do not be afraid 3 (ask) questions. Asking questions is the first step to real learning. Second, make good use of your free time. Good learners know that time is valuable. They make a plan and stick to it. Remember: learning is like building 4 house. You cannot finish it in one day, 5 you can make progress little by little. Third, read more. Reading is 6 (help) for learning a language. It opens a new world to you and helps you know more about different cultures. My friend Li Hua 7 (read) English stories for twenty minutes every day, and now his English is much better than before. Try to read something every day, though it is just for ten minutes. As time goes by, you will be surprised at 8 you have learned. Fourth, learn from mistakes. When you make a mistake, do not feel sad. Instead, think 9 (careful) about why it happened and try to avoid making the same mistake again. In this way, mistakes can be your best 10 (teach). They show you what you still need to work on. All in all, there is no shortcut to success. Keep trying and never give up; finally you will become a better learner step by step. 【答案】 1．through 2．listening 3．to ask 4．a 5．but 6．helpful 7．reads 8．what 9．carefully 10．teacher/teachers 【导语】本文主要讲述了如何成为一名优秀的学习者，并提供了四条实用的建议，包括课堂听讲、利用空闲时间、多阅读以及从错误中学习。 【详解】 1．句意：他们是凭借良好的习惯和努力造就的。此处表示方式或手段，用介词through，意为“通过、凭借（方式 / 手段）”。 2．句意：听的时候做笔记。while引导时间状语从句，当从句主语与主句主语一致时，可省略主语并将动词变为现在分词形式，listen的现在分词是listening。 3．句意：如果你有不懂的地方，不要害怕问问题。be afraid to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”，此处需用不定式作宾语，应填to ask。 4．句意：记住：学习就像建一座房子。house是可数名词单数，此处表示泛指“一座房子”，且house是以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 5．句意：你不能一天完成它，但你可以一点一点进步。前半句说不能一天完成，后半句说可以进步，前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but。 6．句意：阅读对学习语言有帮助。be动词is后接形容词作表语，help的形容词形式是helpful，意为“有帮助的”。 7．句意：我的朋友李华每天读二十分钟英语故事。根据时间状语every day可知句子用一般现在时，主语Li Hua是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，应填 reads。 8．句意：随着时间流逝，你会惊讶于自己学到的东西。“you have learned”为句子，此处需要连接词引导宾语从句，从句中learned缺少宾语，且指代所学的内容，应用连接代词what。 9．句意：相反，仔细想想事情为什么会发生，尽量避免再犯同样的错误。此处修饰动词think，需要用副词形式，careful的副词形式为carefully，意为“仔细地”。 10．句意：这样，错误可以成为你最好的老师。此处需要名词作表语，teach的名词形式为teacher，意为“老师”，符合句意。此处单复数均可，应填teacher/teachers。 Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Communication 1 (change) a lot in the past few years. With the help of new technologies, we can now communicate with people around the world easily. If we 2 (want) to send a message, we just need to type it on our phones or computers. The 3 (invent) of the Internet has made communication much faster. In a zero-conditional sentence, we use the present simple tense in both parts. For example, “If you heat ice, it 4 (melt).” In a first-conditional sentence, if the main clause is in the future tense, the if - clause 5 (use) the present simple tense. For example, “If it rains tomorrow, we 6 (not go) to the park.” We also have many words with special suffixes. For example, “invent” becomes “ 7 (invent)” with the suffix “ - or”, which means a person who invents things. The word “develop” can become “ 8 (develop)” with the suffix “ - ment”. These words help us express different 9 (mean) more clearly. As long as we keep learning, we 10 (understand) communication better in the future. 【答案】 1．has changed 2．want 3．invention 4．melts 5．uses 6．won’t go 7．inventor 8．development 9．meanings 10．will understand 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以近几年通信方式的变化为话题，讲解零条件句、第一条件句的语法规则以及单词后缀构词法，帮助学习者掌握相关英语语法知识。 【详解】 1．句意：在过去几年里，通信发生了很大变化。根据时间状语in the past few years（在过去几年中）可知本句用现在完成时，主语Communication为不可数名词，因此填has changed。 2．句意：如果我们想要发送信息，我们只需要在手机或电脑上打字。该句为if 引导的零条件状语从句，从句用一般现在时，主语是we，因此填want。 3．句意：互联网的发明让通信快得多。定冠词The后需要接名词，括号内invent是动词，名词形式invention表示 “发明”，表示特指，用名词单数invention。 4．句意：例如，“如果你加热冰，它就会融化。” 该句为if引导的零条件状语从句，用来陈述客观真理，主从句都使用一般现在时。本句主语it是第三人称单数，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式，melt的第三人称单数形式是melts。 5．句意：在第一条件句中，如果主句是将来时，if 从句使用一般现在时。主语the if-clause为单数，陈述客观规则用一般现在时，因此填uses。 6．句意：例如，“如果明天下雨，我们就不去公园了。”该句为if 引导的第一条件句，遵循主将从现原则，主句用一般将来时。故填won’t go。 7．句意：例如，invent加上后缀-or变成inventor，意思是发明东西的人。此处指发明者。根据which means可知用名词单数inventor。 8．句意：单词develop加上后缀-ment可以变成development。此处表示名词 “发展”，为不可数名词，因此填development。 9．句意：这些单词帮助我们更清晰地表达不同的含义。形容词different后接可数名词复数，mean的名词是meaning，复数是meanings。 10．句意：只要我们坚持学习，将来我们会更好地理解通信。as long as引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，主句用一般将来时，因此填will understand。 Passage 4 在空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 My name is Zhang Rui. Last Friday, our school invited Professor Li to give a lecture on memory. Before the lecture, I asked him 1 I could remember so many words in such a short time. He smiled and told me that our brain 2 (work) like a garden. “ 3 (take) good care of it, you need some good habits,” he said. He also said that a short break 4 (be) necessary after forty minutes of study. I wanted to know 5 he kept his own memory so good. He said he often 6 (discuss) ideas with his students, and that 7 (talk) about what you learn helps a lot. After the lecture, I asked him 8 to start. “To start with, 9 (write) down three key words after each class,” he said. “Nobody’s memory is one-size-fits-all, so find the technique that 10 (work) best for you.” 【答案】 1．how 2．works 3．To take 4．was 5．how 6．discussed 7．talking 8．where 9．write 10．works 【导语】本文主要介绍了张瑞向李教授请教提升记忆力的方法，李教授告诉他大脑如同花园，要养成好习惯、适时休息，并建议课后记下关键词，找到适合自己的记忆技巧。 【详解】 1．句意：讲座开始前，我问他我要怎样才能在这么短的时间内记住这么多单词。根据“remember so many words in such a short time”可知问的是方式，用how引导宾语从句，表示“如何、怎样”。 2．句意：他笑着告诉我，我们的大脑就像一座花园。宾语从句主语“our brain”是单数第三人称，“大脑像花园一样运作”是客观事实/普遍规律，间接引语中仍保留一般现在时，因此谓语动词用三单形式works。 3．句意：他说：“想要好好照料它（大脑），你需要养成一些好习惯。”后句“you need some good habits”是做法，前句是目的，句首表目的用不定式To take，位于句首首字母大写。 4．句意：他还说，学习四十分钟后，短暂休息一会儿是很有必要的。主句“He also said”是一般过去时，宾语从句要用一般过去时，从句主语“a short break”是单数，be动词用was。 5．句意：我想知道他是如何能让自己的记忆力保持得这么好。下句“He said he often discussed…and that talking…helps a lot”讲的是方法，用how引导宾语从句，表示“如何、怎样”。 6．句意：他说他经常和学生们一起探讨想法，聊聊你所学过的知识，对记忆大有帮助。主句时态为一般过去时，从句表示过去的习惯动作，用一般过去时，故填discussed。 7．句意：他说他经常和学生们一起探讨想法，聊聊你所学过的知识，对记忆大有帮助。“and that”后是另一个宾语从句，从句主语由动词充当，用动名词talking，谓语helps用单数。 8．句意：讲座结束后，我问他从哪里开始。教授的回答以“To start with”开头，是在告诉他从哪儿着手。ask sb. where to start意为“问某人从哪里开始”。 9．句意：他说：“首先，每节课之后写下三个关键词。引号内是祈使句，用动词原形开头，write down意为“写下”，空处应填动词原形write。 10．句意：没有谁的记忆模式是万能通用的，所以要找到最适合你的方法。“that”引导定语从句修饰“the technique”，先行词是单数，从句谓语用第三人称单数works。 Passage 5 根据短文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It’s important to have a good memory in your life. So, what can you do to improve it? First, live a mentally active life. Make a point of 1 (try) new things such as learning to play a new instrument or learning a foreign language. Playing brain games like crosswords, word games and maths puzzles is also 2 (help). Besides, you can try techniques like memory linking. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember 3 (they). Second, live a healthy life. Good eating habits play 4 important role in maintaining a good memory. What’s more, exercising 5 (regular) and getting enough sleep also help improve your memory. Finally, get plenty 6 rest. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard 7 (remember) things. Besides, if you feel too stressed or worried, your memory 8 (become) less sharp. Everyone has moments of forgetfulness. It is quite normal for people to experience memory 9 (lose) as they get older. However, you can have a good memory 10 you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! 【答案】 1．trying 2．helpful 3．them 4．an 5．regularly 6．of 7．to remember 8．will become 9．loss 10．if 【导语】本文通过提出“活跃大脑、健康生活、充分休息”三条建议，告诉读者如何改善和保持良好的记忆力。 【详解】 1．句意：刻意去尝试新鲜事物，比如学习乐器或是外语。固定搭配make a point of doing sth，意思是“特意做某事”，介词of后接动名词。 2．句意：玩填字游戏、文字解谜、数字谜题这类益智游戏同样很有帮助。此处作表语，需要形容词，help的形容词形式helpful，表示“有帮助的”。 3．句意：你可以编一个小故事串联清单里的物品，以此记住它们。动词remember后面用人称代词宾格作宾语，they的宾格是them。 4．句意：良好的饮食习惯对维持好记忆力有着重要作用。固定短语play an important role in，important是以元音音素开头，用不定冠词an。 5．句意：除此之外，规律运动和充足睡眠也能改善记忆力。修饰动名词exercising需要副词，regular的副词形式regularly。 6．句意：最后，一定要保证充足的休息。固定搭配plenty of，表示“大量的、充足的”。 7．句意：如果你不抽空放松，大脑就很难记住东西。固定句型find it hard to do sth，it作形式宾语，不定式作真正宾语。 8．句意：另外，倘若长期焦虑紧绷，你的记忆力就会变得迟钝。if引导条件状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句用一般将来时will become。 9．句意：人随着年纪增长出现记忆力衰退，是十分正常的事。memory loss是固定名词短语，意思是“记忆力衰退”，lose的名词形式是loss。 10．句意：但如果坚持用脑、健康生活、学会放松，你就可以一直拥有不错的记忆力。此处if引导条件状语从句。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置(如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式;如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词)。 Speaking English fluently (流利地) might be difficult for you now. But all you need are the right ways and confidence (自信). I have prepared some advice 1 you. Stop being a student The right attitude (态度) can make the 1 (different) between failure and success. Stop thinking of yourself as someone who is learning English, and think of yourself as someone who 2 (speak) English. It’s a small change, 3 it will make you feel more confident and help you use the English you already know better. Try to learn sentences Speaking English fluently means being able to express (表达) your thoughts and feelings. You should try to speak English in full sentences, so why not 1 (learn) it in full sentences? You’ll find that English is more useful in your life if you study whole sentences, rather than just words. Practice makes perfect Studying English for 1 hour once a week isn’t usually enough to make any real progress. The best way to 2 (quick) improve English is to spend at least a few minutes practicing every day. Don’t be afraid 3 (make) mistakes Sometimes it can be difficult to put all those 4 (rule) and words together into a simple sentence. Don’t let the fear of saying something wrong stop you from speaking. Even if you think you are making a mistake, keep speaking anyway. Most of the time, people will understand what you are trying to say. The more you speak, the 5 (easy) it will be. 【答案】 1．for 2．difference 3．speaks 4．but 5．learn 6．an 7．quickly 8．to make 9．rules 10．easier 【导语】本文就如何流利地说英语给出了实用建议，包括调整心态、学习完整句子、坚持每日练习、不怕犯错等，强调了正确方法和自信的重要性。 【详解】 1．句意：我为你准备了一些建议。分析句子结构可知，本空应填介词，表示“为了”。根据上下文，“advice for sb.”为固定搭配，意为“给某人的建议”。故填for。 2．句意：正确的态度能够造成成功与失败之间的差异。分析句子结构可知，本空应填名词，作“make”的宾语。所给词“different”意为“不同的”，其名词形式为“difference”，且“make the difference”为常用短语，意为“产生差异、起作用”。故填difference。 3．句意：把自己看作一个说英语的人。分析句子结构可知，本空是定语从句中的谓语动词，先行词“someone”为单数，且描述一般事实，应用一般现在时第三人称单数。所给词“speak”意为“说”，故填speaks。 4．句意：这是一个小小的改变，但它会让你感到更自信。分析句子结构可知，前后句为转折关系，需填连词。根据句意可知，“but”意为“但是”，表示转折，符合逻辑。故填but。 5．句意：你为什么不学完整的句子呢？分析句子结构可知，“why not”后接动词原形，构成固定句型“why not do sth.”，意为“为什么不做某事”。所给词“learn”意为“学习”，填动词原形，故填learn。 6．句意：每周学习英语一小时通常不足以取得真正的进步。分析句子结构可知，本空应填冠词，修饰名词“hour”。“hour”以元音音素开头，且表示“一小时”，应用不定冠词“an”。故填an。 7．句意：快速提高英语的最佳方法是每天至少花几分钟练习。分析句子结构可知，本空修饰动词“improve”，应填副词。所给词“quick”意为“快的”，是形容词，其副词形式为“quickly”，意为“快速地”。故填quickly。 8．句意：不要害怕犯错。分析句子结构可知，“be afraid to do sth.”为固定搭配，意为“害怕做某事”。所给词“make”意为“制造”，要变为不定式，故填to make。 9．句意：有时候很难把所有的规则和词汇组合成一个简单的句子。分析句子结构可知，本空应填名词复数。“rule”意为“规则”，前面有“those”修饰，应用复数形式，故填rules。 10．句意：你说得越多，就会越容易。分析句子结构可知，本句为“the + 比较级，the + 比较级”结构，表示“越……，就越……”。所给词“easy”意为“容易的”，其比较级需要改词尾y为i再加er变为“easier”。故填easier。 Passage 7 Dear students, As students, we should keep a strong spirit of curiosity. It helps us learn and discover new things every day. 1 (one), never stop asking questions in class. When you don’t understand something, put up your hand and ask your teacher bravely. Second, try 2 (do) some small experiments by yourself at home. For example, you can watch how plants grow in the sun or in the dark. That will make you 3 (feel) excited about science. In addition, reading is 4 good way to feed your curiosity. You can read books about nature, history or 5 (invent). When you read, you will find the world is full 6 amazing things. Sometimes, you may meet some new words. Don’t worry. You can guess their meanings 7 look them up in a dictionary. Remember, curiosity is the key 8 knowledge. It can also make our school life more 9 (enjoy). So, let’s be curious about everything around us and keep 10 (learn) new things every day! Best wishes, Your teacher 【答案】 1．First 2．to do 3．feel 4．a 5．inventions 6．of 7．or 8．to 9．enjoyable 10．learning 【导语】本文主要倡议同学们保持好奇心，并给出了三点具体建议：勇敢提问、动手实验及广泛阅读，最后强调好奇心是开启知识大门的钥匙。 【详解】381．句意：首先，在课堂上永远不要停止提问。空格后出现了“Second”，这是一个非常明显的逻辑信号词，表示列举步骤或观点。因此，前面必须用“First”来与之对应，构成“First…; Second…”的结构。 1．句意：其次，尝试自己在家做一些小实验。try to do sth. 表示尽力/试图去做某事（强调付出努力）；try doing sth.“尝试做某事”（强调实验、试一试）。结合上下文，这里是建议同学们“尽力”去做实验。 2．句意：这会让你们对科学感到兴奋。句中出现了“make you…”，make作为使役动词，其结构是“make + 宾语 + 动词原形（省略to的不定式）”，表示“使/让某人做某事”。 3．句意：此外，阅读是培养好奇心的好方法。泛指“一种”好方法，且“good”以辅音音素开头，因此使用不定冠词a。 4．句意：你们可以阅读关于自然、历史或发明的书籍。空格前的“nature, history or…”是并列结构，都是表示类别的名词。nature和history都是抽象名词不可数，但invention“发明”作为可数名词，在泛指这一类事物时，通常使用复数形式。 5．句意：当你阅读时，你会发现世界充满了奇妙的事物。表示“充满……”的英文固定短语是be full of。 6．句意：你可以猜测它们的意思，或者查字典。“猜测词义”与“查词典”，两种都是应对生词的可选处理方式，二者是选择关系，表明读者可以选择任意一种方法，因此需要填入表示选择的并列连词or。   7．句意：记住，好奇心是开启知识之门的钥匙。固定搭配the key to…“……的钥匙/关键”，这里的“to”是介词。 8．句意：它也能让我们的校园生活更加有趣。空格前的“more”是提示，它用于构成形容词的比较级，或者修饰形容词。空格在“make our school life more…”结构中作宾语补足语，需要填入一个形容词来描述“school life”。动词enjoy的形容词形式是enjoyable“有乐趣的”。 9．句意：所以，让我们对周围的一切保持好奇，并坚持每天学习新事物！固定搭配，keep doing sth. 表示“持续/坚持做某事”，须使用动名词形式作宾语。 Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you having problems 1 (learn) a second language? Now scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have showed that we will learn differently 2 we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It is reported that exercise during a language class can help people learn better. Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part 3 the study. The scientists divided (划分) them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in 4 (tradition) classes, but students in Group 2 were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles 5 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching the words on large screens. Each class 6 (teach) 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a test. The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden bicycles always did 7 (well) on the test than those who had sat quietly. Most 8 (interesting), the cyclists seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test a month after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone is one of the 9 (scientist). “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved the learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio added. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. 10 (study) well, we should move our bodies.” 【答案】 1．learning 2．if 3．in 4．traditional 5．for 6．taught 7．better 8．interestingly 9．scientists 10．To study 【导语】本文主要讲述了科学家通过研究发现，在学习语言时进行体育锻炼可以提高学习效果。 【详解】 1．句意：你在学习第二语言时遇到问题了吗？have problems (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，空处用动名词形式。故填learning。 2．句意：近年来，多项研究表明，如果我们也锻炼，我们将会学得不同。根据“we will learn differently ... we also exercise”可知，空后句是前句的肯定条件，用if引导条件状语从句。故填if。 3．句意：四十名学习英语的中国学生参与了这项研究。take part in“参与”，固定短语。故填in。 4．句意：第一组的那些学生继续在传统课堂上学习英语，而第二组的学生则被要求在学习的同时进行锻炼。空处修饰名词classes，用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。 5．句意：他们在英语课前骑了20分钟的运动自行车。根据“20 minutes”可知，此处是for+一段时间，表示动作持续的时间。故填for。 6．句意：每节课教授40个新单词。根据“Then the students rested a bit and took a test.”可知，是描述过去的事情，动词用过去式taught“教”。故填taught。 7．句意：那些骑自行车的学生在测试中表现总是比那些安静坐着的学生更好。根据“than”可知，此处用比较级形式better“更好”。故填better。 8．句意：最有趣的是，骑自行车的人对新单词的记忆似乎更持久。此处修饰句子，用副词形式。故填interestingly。 9．句意：Simone是其中一位科学家。one of后应跟名词复数形式。故填scientists。 10．句意：为了学好，我们应该活动身体。空处表示目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填To study。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Some people say it is not easy for a middle-aged person to learn a foreign language. But is it 1 （real）true? Several years ago, I worked for 2 English newspaper which was doing such a research. They asked me to learn a new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” 3 （see）if I could “survive（挺过来）” in different situations. I chose Spanish（西班牙语）and did a one-month course at a language school and 4 （find）that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. 5 example, hola isn’t very different from “hello”. Of course, there are other things which are more difficult. In Spanish you have to change the verbs（动词）for each person. But my 6 （big）problem of all was the pronunciation. I found 7 was very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish, especially r and j. So I had to download 8 （sentence）onto my phone and I listened and practised them again and again. A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher 9 （call）Paula came and began the test. “Will I survive?” I wasn’t sure enough but 10 I wished I would! 【答案】 1．really 2．an 3．to see 4．found 5．For 6．biggest 7．it 8．sentences 9．called 10．how 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过自己学习西班牙语的经历来验证一下中年人学外语是否不容易。 【详解】 1．句意：但这是真的吗？根据“true”可知，此处使用副词修饰形容词，real 的副词为really。故填really。 2．句意：几年前，我为一家英文报纸工作，该报纸正在做这样的研究。根据“English newspaper”可知，此处表泛指，English以元音音素开头，使用不定冠词an。故填an。 3．句意：然后我不得不去些地区做一些“测试”，看看我是否能在不同的情况下“挺过来”。根据“Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests”…（see）if I could “survive（挺过来）” in different situations.”可知，此处空后为做一些“测试”的目的，使用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to see。 4．句意：我选择了西班牙语，在一所语言学校上了一个月的课程，发现一些西班牙语单词与英语单词非常相似。根据“did a one-month course”可知，此处为一般过去时，使用动词过去式。故填found。 5．句意：例如，hola与“hello”没有太大区别。根据“example”可知，For example“例如”，介词短语。故填For。 6．句意：但我最大的问题是发音。根据“of all”可知，此处指最大的问题，使用形容词的最高级，故填biggest。 7．句意：我发现用西班牙语读一些字母很困难，尤其是r和j。根据“I found …was very difficult to pronounce”可知，find it adj. to do sth.“发现做某事是……”，it作形式宾语。故填it。 8．句意：所以我不得不把句子下载到手机上，一遍又一遍地听和练习。根据“them”可知，此处使用名词复数，故填sentences。 9．句意：一位名叫Paula的西班牙语老师来了，开始考试。根据“A Spanish teacher…（call）Paula”可知，此处使用过去分词作后置定语修饰名词teacher。故填called。 10．句意：我不太确定，但我多么希望我能做到！根据“I wishe I would!”可知，此处指多么希望我能做到，使用how“多么”，强调程度，故填how。 Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Everyone has the ability to learn. However, many students don’t realize this. Experts say that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a 1 (grow) mindset. This means 2 (believe) in yourself and meeting challenges. People with this mindset see mistakes as 3 (chance) for learning. Research also shows that practice is important. The 4 (much) we practice, the better we learn. Sometimes it is important 5 (get) guidance from a teacher. They can show us the right way to practice and give us 6 (value) feedback. In addition, students learn more when they hang out with other students 7 are serious about study. They can learn from each other and 8 (challenge) each other to do better. Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find. In the 21st century, this 9 (mean) using new technology and resources, not just textbooks. Finally, successful learners see learning as part of 10 (day) life. 【答案】 1．growth 2．believing 3．chances 4．more 5．to get 6．valuable 7．who 8．challenge 9．means 10．daily 【导语】本文主要介绍了成为成功学习者的几个要点，包括成长型思维、练习、老师指导、同伴互助、善用学习资源以及把学习融入日常生活。 【详解】 1．句意：专家说，成为一名成功学习者的首要关键是拥有成长型思维。grow“成长”，动词，此处修饰名词mindset，用其名词形式growth“成长”作定语，growth mindset“成长型思维”。 2．句意：这意味着相信自己，迎接挑战。mean doing sth“意味着做某事”，此处用believe“相信”的动名词形式believing。   3．句意：拥有这种思维的人把错误看作学习的机会。chance“机会”，可数名词，前面的mistakes是复数，对应的chance也要变为复数chances。 4．句意：我们练习越多，学得就越好。“the+比较级，the+比较级”表示“越……越……”，much的比较级为more。 5．句意：有时候从老师那里获得指导很重要。It is+形容词+to do sth“做某事是……的”，it作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式，此处填get“得到”的不定式形式to get。 6．句意：他们可以教我们正确练习的方法，给我们有价值的反馈。value“价值”，此处修饰名词feedback，用其形容词形式valuable“有价值的”。 7．句意：此外，当学生和认真对待学习的同学相处时，学到的东西更多。句子为定语从句，从句缺主语，先行词students是人，用关系代词who。 8．句意：他们可以互相学习，互相挑战，做得更好。and连接并列谓语，learn from位于情态动词can后面，用动词原形，此处也用challenge“向……挑战”的动词原形。 9．句意：在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和资源，而不只是课本。时态为一般现在时，主语为this，谓语动词mean“意味着”用第三人称单数形式means。 10．句意：最后，成功的学习者把学习看作日常生活的一部分。day“天”，名词，此处用其形容词形式daily“日常的”修饰名词life，daily life“日常生活”。 Passage 3 You might have a friend or a classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? 1 good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. However, in fact, there are plenty of things that you can do 2 (improve) your memory. First of all, interest is important when remembering things. We all agree that we don’t have difficulty 3 (remember) the things we are interested in. You can make yourself have more interest by asking questions—the more, the 4 (good)! Secondly, researchers have so far found that information which is organized in groups can be 5 (easy) remembered. Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook reading to help group the information. Moreover, when you’re learning new materials, you should spend the time 6 (think) about the relationship with the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating without thinking. Then it helps you remember information. Last but not least, physical exercise is also important for your memory 7 it increases your heart rate and offers more oxygen (氧气) to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress which is very 8 (harm) to the memory. Stress may stop your brain from 9 (work) well. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the 10 above. I’m sure that you can improve your memory and get more out of it. 【答案】 1．A 2．to improve 3．remembering 4．better 5．easily 6．thinking 7．because 8．harmful 9．working 10．tips 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几种可以提升记忆力的实用方法，帮助人们改善记忆力、更好地记忆信息。 【详解】 1．句意：好的记忆力通常被视为天生而来的东西，而差的记忆力则被视为无法改变的。此处修饰可数名词“good memory”，表泛指，且good发音以辅音音素开头，需填入不定冠词a，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：然而事实上，你有很多可以做的事来提升你的记忆力。此处需用不定式作目的状语，说明做很多事的目的是提升记忆力，improve的不定式形式为to improve。 3．句意：我们都认同，记住自己感兴趣的事情没有难度。句中have difficulty (in) doing sth.表示“做某事有困难”，其后接动名词形式，remember的动名词形式为remembering。 4．句意：你可以通过提问让自己产生更多兴趣——提问越多，效果越好。此处是“the+比较级, the+比较级”结构，表示“越……，越……，good的比较级为better。 5．句意：第二，研究人员迄今发现，分组整理的信息可以更容易被记住。此处修饰动词remembered，需用副词形式，easy的副词形式为easily。 6．句意：此外，当你学习新材料时，你应该花时间思考当前信息和你已经知道的内容之间的关联，而不是不假思索地重复。spend time (in) doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，此处用动名词形式，think的动名词形式为thinking。 7．句意：最后但同样重要的是，体育锻炼对你的记忆力也很重要，因为它能提升你的心率，为大脑提供更多氧气，这会让你的记忆力更好地运作。后文是前文“physical exercise is also important for your memory”的原因，用because引导原因状语从句。 8．句意：锻炼也会减轻压力，而压力对记忆力是非常有害的。此处是形容词作表语，harm的形容词形式为harmful。 9．句意：压力可能会阻止你的大脑正常运作。固定搭配stop sb./sth. from doing sth.表示“阻止……做某事”，此处用动名词形式，work的动名词形式为working。 10．句意：所以下次你学习新信息的时候，可以使用上面提到的方法/建议。上文依次介绍了多种提升记忆力的可行策略，此处用复数名词指代这些“方法/建议”，故填tips。 Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 What do you think of lifelong learning? Lifelong learning is a key to personal 1 (grow) and success, and it opens up a whole new world of knowledge 2 us. As an active 3 (learn), I’ve realized that we can take advantage of many resources around us—textbooks, useful 4 (website), interesting podcasts, and even e-books or magazines. When we come across new knowledge or difficult ideas, we should study them 5 (active) instead of being afraid of making mistakes or giving up easily. A good learner knows 6 to work efficiently. We can make a careful study plan and break big tasks into small steps, learning step by step without rushing. In part, our success comes from a good mindset: we should not fear mistakes but correct 7 (they) quickly, summarize what we’ve learned, and review our work regularly. We can also share our ideas with classmates and get useful guidance from teachers to improve faster. In addition, exams can push us 8 (study) harder and stay focused. They help us find our weak areas and adjust our learning strategies in time. With a true love for learning, we can build up new skills and enjoy the whole process. Whether we are 9 (do) hands-on science experiments or reading English newspapers, learning becomes 10 (enjoy) and leads to continuous (不断的) development in our lives. 【答案】 1．growth 2．for 3．learner 4．websites 5．actively 6．how 7．them 8．to study 9．doing 10．enjoyable 【导语】本文主要介绍了终身学习的意义、途径与高效学习的方法。 【详解】 1．句意：终身学习是个人成长和成功的关键。空处与success并列作宾语，应填名词，grow的名词为growth。 2．句意：它为我们打开了一个全新的知识世界。根据“it opens up a whole new world of knowledge…us”可知，此处指为我们打开了一个全新的知识世界，for sb.意为“为了某人”。 3．句意：作为一名积极的学习者，我意识到我们可以充分利用身边的各种资源。 根据“As an active…I’ve realized that we can take advantage of many resources around us”可知，此处指学习者，且需填可数名词单数，learn对应的名词learner（学习者）符合语境。 4．句意：作为一名积极的学习者，我意识到我们可以充分利用身边的各种资源——教科书、实用的网站、有趣的播客，甚至电子书或杂志。空处与“textbooks”“interesting podcasts”“e-books”和“magazines”并列，形式需保持一致，故需用website的复数形式websites。 5．句意：当遇到新知识或难懂的观点时，我们应当积极钻研，而不是害怕犯错或者轻易放弃。空处修饰动词study，应用副词，active对应的副词为actively，意为“积极地”。 6．句意：优秀的学习者懂得如何高效地工作。根据“A good learner knows…to work efficiently. We can make a careful study plan and break big tasks into small steps…”可知，此处指优秀的学习者懂得如何高效地工作，疑问词how（如何）符合语境。 7．句意：我们不应惧怕错误，而要及时改正它们，总结所学内容，并定期复盘。空处作宾语，需填宾格代词，they的宾格代词为them。 8．句意：此外，考试可以促使我们更加努力地学习并保持专注。push sb. to do sth.意为“促使某人做某事”，固定用法，因此空处需填动词不定式to study。 9．句意：无论我们是动手做科学实验，还是阅读英文报纸，学习都会变得充满乐趣，推动我们的人生不断成长。空处与“reading”并列，和“are”共同构成现在进行时，因此此处需填do的现在分词形式doing。   10．句意：无论我们是动手做科学实验，还是阅读英文报纸，学习都会变得充满乐趣，推动我们的人生不断成长。空处需填形容词作表语，enjoy对应的形容词为enjoyable。 Passage 5 Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping 1 (rapid). This was the 2 (begin) of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree 3 (add) a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of heavy rainfall, a ring is wide. 4 there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team 5 (collect) as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the present. When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was 6 unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, 7 (health) rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history seems 8 (support) Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area 9 hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know exactly 10 the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s code from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. 【答案】 1．rapidly 2．beginning 3．adds 4．When 5．collected 6．an 7．healthy 8．to support 9．for 10．why 【导语】本文主要介绍了科学家Meko通过研究树木年轮来探索干旱历史、预测当前干旱持续时间的研究。 1．句意：科罗拉多河的水位正迅速下降。此处修饰动词“dropping”，要用“rapid”的副词形式“rapidly”。故填rapidly。 2．句意：这是严重干旱的开端。 根据“the…of a serious drought”可知，“the + 名词 + of”是固定结构，“begin”的名词形式是“beginning”。故填beginning。 3．句意：每年，树木都会新增一层木质。 根据“Each year, a tree…a new layer of wood”可知，“each year”是一般现在时的标志，主语“a tree”是单数，谓语动词用“adds”。故填adds。 4．句意：雨水充足时，年轮较宽；缺水时，年轮较窄。 根据“…there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow”可知，此处表“当……时”，用连词“When”（句首首字母大写）。故填When。 5．句意：团队收集了尽可能多的古老木材样本。 根据全文时态为一般过去时可知，此处描述过去的动作，用“collect”的过去式“collected”。故填collected。 6．句意：Meko的研究表明，20世纪是一个异常湿润的时期。“unusually”以元音音素开头，表泛指“一个”用不定冠词“an”。故填an。 7．句意：这个时期的树木有着宽大、健康的年轮。此处修饰名词“rings”，要用“health”的形容词形式“healthy”。故填healthy。 8．句意：人类历史似乎印证了Meko的发现。 “seem to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“似乎做某事”，所以填“to support”。故填to support。 9．句意：当地的阿纳萨齐人从公元500年左右开始，在这个地区生活了数百年。 根据“lived in this area…hundreds of years”可知，此处表持续的时间，用介词“for”。故填for。 10．句意：专家们并不完全清楚阿纳萨齐人为何离开。 根据“do not know exactly…the Anasazi left”可知，此处引导宾语从句，表“为何”，用“why”。故填why。 Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 In learning English, one should pay attention to listening and speaking. It is worth 1 (do) that because it is the groundwork (基础) of reading and writing. You’d better try your best 2 (speak) while you do much listening. You may make mistakes. But don’t let them stop you 3 (improve) your English. While you are doing this, a good way is to write—keep 4 diary, write notes or letters. Then if you can, ask some others to go through what you have 5 (write) and tell you where it is wrong. Many mistakes in your speaking will be easily found when you write. Through correcting mistakes, you can do better 6 learning English. If you are slow in speaking, don’t worry about it. One of the 7 (help) ways is reading, either aloud or to yourself. The important thing is to find something 8 (interest) to read. It can’t be too difficult for you. When you are reading in this way, don’t stop 9 (look) up the new words if you can guess their meanings when they have nothing to do 10 the sentences. You can do that some other time. 【答案】 1．doing 2．to speak 3．improving 4．a 5．written 6．in/when 7．helpful/the most helpful 8．interesting 9．to look 10．with 【导语】本文主要介绍了听和说在英语学习中的重要性以及听和说的方法。 【详解】 1．句意：那样做是值得的，因为那是读和写的基础。固定搭配be worth doing sth.“值得做某事”。故填doing。 2．句意：你最好在多听的时候尽最大努力去说。固定搭配try one’s best to do sth.“尽力做某事”。故填to speak。 3．句意：但是，别让它们阻止你提高你的英语。根据“You may make mistakes.”可知，此处是指别让错误阻止你提高英语。固定搭配stop sb. doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”。故填improving。 4．句意：当你这样做时，一个好方法是写——写日记，写笔记或信件。固定搭配keep a diary“写日记”，应用不定冠词a。故填a。 5．句意：然后，如果可以的话，请其他人检查一下你写的内容，并告诉你哪里有问题。根据空前的“what you have”可知，此处表示已经写完的内容，应用动词的过去分词形式。故填written。 6．句意：通过纠正错误，你可以在英语学习中做得更好。/通过纠正错误，你可以在学习英语时做得更好。分析句子结构可知，此处可以与介词 in连用，表示“在英语学习中”，动名词作介词in的宾语；或者与when连用，表示“在学习英语时”，when引导时间状语从句。故填in/when。 7．句意：其中一个（最）有用的方法是读，大声朗读或默读。此处是固定搭配“one of+名词复数”，表示“……之一”或“one of+形容词最高级+名词复数”，表示“最……的……之一”。空处应填形容词修饰ways。helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful/the most helpful。 8．句意：重要的事情是找到一些有趣的东西去读。根据空前的“something”可知此处是形容词修饰不定代词，因此应用interesting“有趣的”。故填interesting。 9．句意：当你以这种方式阅读时，如果你能猜到与句子无关的新单词的含义时，不要停下来去查阅它们。根据“You can do that some other time.”可知，此处表示不要停下阅读去查阅新单词。stop to do sth.表示“停下来正在做的，去做另一件事”。故填to look。 10．句意：当你以这种方式阅读时，如果你能猜到与句子无关的新单词的含义时，不要停下来去查阅它们。固定搭配have nothing to do with“与……无关”，应用介词with。故填with。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 7 The secret of memory 语法填空题型专练（话题：人与自我——记忆提升、学习策略） 热点题型概览 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 Do you want to improve your memory? Here are some simple tips. First, pay attention in class. If you don’t focus, your brain may fail 1 (remember) important information. Taking notes is also 2 good habit. Second, review regularly. Try to review what you have learned within the 3 (one) 24 hours. The more you review, the 4 (easy) it will be to recall the information. This is one of the best ways to strengthen your memory. Third, use your senses. Reading your notes aloud can be very 5 (help). You can also discuss what you learn 6 your classmates. Drawing a small mind map uses sight and touch, so the brain keeps the idea better. Finally, stay healthy. 7 (get) enough sleep is important for your brain. Bad sleep makes it harder for new information 8 (enter) your long-term memory. Now you know 9 memory works. Why not try these 10 (technique) today? Passage 2 Everyone wants to be a good learner, but not everyone knows how. The good news is that good learners are not born. They are made 1 good habits and hard work. Here are some useful ways to help you learn better. First, listen carefully in class. When your teacher is speaking, do not just sit there. Take notes while 2 (listen). They can help you remember the important points. If you do not understand something, do not be afraid 3 (ask) questions. Asking questions is the first step to real learning. Second, make good use of your free time. Good learners know that time is valuable. They make a plan and stick to it. Remember: learning is like building 4 house. You cannot finish it in one day, 5 you can make progress little by little. Third, read more. Reading is 6 (help) for learning a language. It opens a new world to you and helps you know more about different cultures. My friend Li Hua 7 (read) English stories for twenty minutes every day, and now his English is much better than before. Try to read something every day, though it is just for ten minutes. As time goes by, you will be surprised at 8 you have learned. Fourth, learn from mistakes. When you make a mistake, do not feel sad. Instead, think 9 (careful) about why it happened and try to avoid making the same mistake again. In this way, mistakes can be your best 10 (teach). They show you what you still need to work on. All in all, there is no shortcut to success. Keep trying and never give up; finally you will become a better learner step by step. Passage 3 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Communication 1 (change) a lot in the past few years. With the help of new technologies, we can now communicate with people around the world easily. If we 2 (want) to send a message, we just need to type it on our phones or computers. The 3 (invent) of the Internet has made communication much faster. In a zero-conditional sentence, we use the present simple tense in both parts. For example, “If you heat ice, it 4 (melt).” In a first-conditional sentence, if the main clause is in the future tense, the if - clause 5 (use) the present simple tense. For example, “If it rains tomorrow, we 6 (not go) to the park.” We also have many words with special suffixes. For example, “invent” becomes “ 7 (invent)” with the suffix “ - or”, which means a person who invents things. The word “develop” can become “ 8 (develop)” with the suffix “ - ment”. These words help us express different 9 (mean) more clearly. As long as we keep learning, we 10 (understand) communication better in the future. Passage 4 在空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。 My name is Zhang Rui. Last Friday, our school invited Professor Li to give a lecture on memory. Before the lecture, I asked him 1 I could remember so many words in such a short time. He smiled and told me that our brain 2 (work) like a garden. “ 3 (take) good care of it, you need some good habits,” he said. He also said that a short break 4 (be) necessary after forty minutes of study. I wanted to know 5 he kept his own memory so good. He said he often 6 (discuss) ideas with his students, and that 7 (talk) about what you learn helps a lot. After the lecture, I asked him 8 to start. “To start with, 9 (write) down three key words after each class,” he said. “Nobody’s memory is one-size-fits-all, so find the technique that 10 (work) best for you.” Passage 5 根据短文内容，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 It’s important to have a good memory in your life. So, what can you do to improve it? First, live a mentally active life. Make a point of 1 (try) new things such as learning to play a new instrument or learning a foreign language. Playing brain games like crosswords, word games and maths puzzles is also 2 (help). Besides, you can try techniques like memory linking. For example, you can make up a story to link items in a list so that you will remember 3 (they). Second, live a healthy life. Good eating habits play 4 important role in maintaining a good memory. What’s more, exercising 5 (regular) and getting enough sleep also help improve your memory. Finally, get plenty 6 rest. Unless you take time to relax, your brain will find it hard 7 (remember) things. Besides, if you feel too stressed or worried, your memory 8 (become) less sharp. Everyone has moments of forgetfulness. It is quite normal for people to experience memory 9 (lose) as they get older. However, you can have a good memory 10 you exercise your brain, live a healthy life and make time to relax! Passage 6 阅读下面短文并填空，然后将答案写到答题卡的相应位置(如有提示词，则填入提示词的正确形式;如无提示词，则填入1个适当的单词)。 Speaking English fluently (流利地) might be difficult for you now. But all you need are the right ways and confidence (自信). I have prepared some advice 1 you. Stop being a student The right attitude (态度) can make the 1 (different) between failure and success. Stop thinking of yourself as someone who is learning English, and think of yourself as someone who 2 (speak) English. It’s a small change, 3 it will make you feel more confident and help you use the English you already know better. Try to learn sentences Speaking English fluently means being able to express (表达) your thoughts and feelings. You should try to speak English in full sentences, so why not 1 (learn) it in full sentences? You’ll find that English is more useful in your life if you study whole sentences, rather than just words. Practice makes perfect Studying English for 1 hour once a week isn’t usually enough to make any real progress. The best way to 2 (quick) improve English is to spend at least a few minutes practicing every day. Don’t be afraid 3 (make) mistakes Sometimes it can be difficult to put all those 4 (rule) and words together into a simple sentence. Don’t let the fear of saying something wrong stop you from speaking. Even if you think you are making a mistake, keep speaking anyway. Most of the time, people will understand what you are trying to say. The more you speak, the 5 (easy) it will be. Passage 7 Dear students, As students, we should keep a strong spirit of curiosity. It helps us learn and discover new things every day. 1 (one), never stop asking questions in class. When you don’t understand something, put up your hand and ask your teacher bravely. Second, try 2 (do) some small experiments by yourself at home. For example, you can watch how plants grow in the sun or in the dark. That will make you 3 (feel) excited about science. In addition, reading is 4 good way to feed your curiosity. You can read books about nature, history or 5 (invent). When you read, you will find the world is full 6 amazing things. Sometimes, you may meet some new words. Don’t worry. You can guess their meanings 7 look them up in a dictionary. Remember, curiosity is the key 8 knowledge. It can also make our school life more 9 (enjoy). So, let’s be curious about everything around us and keep 10 (learn) new things every day! Best wishes, Your teacher Passage 8 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Are you having problems 1 (learn) a second language? Now scientists suggest you exercise while learning. In recent years, many studies have showed that we will learn differently 2 we also exercise. A new study in China has now provided more evidence. It is reported that exercise during a language class can help people learn better. Forty Chinese students who were learning English took part 3 the study. The scientists divided (划分) them into two groups. Those in Group 1 would continue to learn English in 4 (tradition) classes, but students in Group 2 were asked to exercise while learning. They would ride exercise bicycles 5 20 minutes before their English classes. Both groups learned new words by watching the words on large screens. Each class 6 (teach) 40 new words. Then the students rested a bit and took a test. The students took eight “special classes” in two months. Those who had ridden bicycles always did 7 (well) on the test than those who had sat quietly. Most 8 (interesting), the cyclists seemed to have a longer memory for the new words. The scientists gave the students a final test a month after the classes. The cyclists remembered more words than the students who had not exercised. Simone is one of the 9 (scientist). “The results showed that physical activity during language learning improved the learning,” she said. “We are not suggesting teachers buy lots of exercise bicycles,” Sulpizio added. “But it’s clear that sitting for hours without moving is not the best way to learn. 10 (study) well, we should move our bodies.” 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 Some people say it is not easy for a middle-aged person to learn a foreign language. But is it 1 （real）true? Several years ago, I worked for 2 English newspaper which was doing such a research. They asked me to learn a new language for one month. Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” 3 （see）if I could “survive（挺过来）” in different situations. I chose Spanish（西班牙语）and did a one-month course at a language school and 4 （find）that some Spanish words are very similar to English ones. 5 example, hola isn’t very different from “hello”. Of course, there are other things which are more difficult. In Spanish you have to change the verbs（动词）for each person. But my 6 （big）problem of all was the pronunciation. I found 7 was very difficult to pronounce some letters in Spanish, especially r and j. So I had to download 8 （sentence）onto my phone and I listened and practised them again and again. A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher 9 （call）Paula came and began the test. “Will I survive?” I wasn’t sure enough but 10 I wished I would! Passage 2 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Everyone has the ability to learn. However, many students don’t realize this. Experts say that the first key to becoming a successful learner is to have a 1 (grow) mindset. This means 2 (believe) in yourself and meeting challenges. People with this mindset see mistakes as 3 (chance) for learning. Research also shows that practice is important. The 4 (much) we practice, the better we learn. Sometimes it is important 5 (get) guidance from a teacher. They can show us the right way to practice and give us 6 (value) feedback. In addition, students learn more when they hang out with other students 7 are serious about study. They can learn from each other and 8 (challenge) each other to do better. Successful learners also use the best learning materials they can find. In the 21st century, this 9 (mean) using new technology and resources, not just textbooks. Finally, successful learners see learning as part of 10 (day) life. Passage 3 You might have a friend or a classmate who remembers every single detail. How can they make it? 1 good memory is often seen as something that comes naturally and a bad memory as something that cannot be changed. However, in fact, there are plenty of things that you can do 2 (improve) your memory. First of all, interest is important when remembering things. We all agree that we don’t have difficulty 3 (remember) the things we are interested in. You can make yourself have more interest by asking questions—the more, the 4 (good)! Secondly, researchers have so far found that information which is organized in groups can be 5 (easy) remembered. Try grouping similar knowledge together, or make a mind map of textbook reading to help group the information. Moreover, when you’re learning new materials, you should spend the time 6 (think) about the relationship with the present information and what you’ve already known instead of repeating without thinking. Then it helps you remember information. Last but not least, physical exercise is also important for your memory 7 it increases your heart rate and offers more oxygen (氧气) to your brain, and that makes your memory work better. Exercise also reduces stress which is very 8 (harm) to the memory. Stress may stop your brain from 9 (work) well. So the next time you’re learning new information, you can use the 10 above. I’m sure that you can improve your memory and get more out of it. Passage 4 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号内所给单词的正确形式。 What do you think of lifelong learning? Lifelong learning is a key to personal 1 (grow) and success, and it opens up a whole new world of knowledge 2 us. As an active 3 (learn), I’ve realized that we can take advantage of many resources around us—textbooks, useful 4 (website), interesting podcasts, and even e-books or magazines. When we come across new knowledge or difficult ideas, we should study them 5 (active) instead of being afraid of making mistakes or giving up easily. A good learner knows 6 to work efficiently. We can make a careful study plan and break big tasks into small steps, learning step by step without rushing. In part, our success comes from a good mindset: we should not fear mistakes but correct 7 (they) quickly, summarize what we’ve learned, and review our work regularly. We can also share our ideas with classmates and get useful guidance from teachers to improve faster. In addition, exams can push us 8 (study) harder and stay focused. They help us find our weak areas and adjust our learning strategies in time. With a true love for learning, we can build up new skills and enjoy the whole process. Whether we are 9 (do) hands-on science experiments or reading English newspapers, learning becomes 10 (enjoy) and leads to continuous (不断的) development in our lives. Passage 5 Dave Meko, a scientist at the University of Arizona, noticed that from 1999 to the following years it became drier and drier. And water levels in the huge Colorado River were dropping 1 (rapid). This was the 2 (begin) of a serious drought (干旱). Everyone began asking, “How long will it last?” Meko believed that he could find the answer in the trees. Meko is a tree-ring expert. He studies the rings within a tree to find information about climate change. Each year, a tree 3 (add) a new layer of wood. These layers look like a series of rings. During times of heavy rainfall, a ring is wide. 4 there is a shortage of water, a ring is narrow. These rings are nature’s record of rainfall and climate change. Meko and his team quickly started a new research project. Their goal was to find out how long previous droughts lasted. The team 5 (collect) as many old wood samples as possible. They tested wood samples from 1,200 years ago until the present. When they examined the rings, the news about rainfall in the past was not good. Meko’s research showed that the 20th century was 6 unusually wet time. Trees from this period had wide, 7 (health) rings. Rain was plentiful during that century, millions of people moved to the region. Before that time, however, the rings showed that droughts occurred on a regular basis. In fact, drought was part of the usual climate pattern. There were severe droughts in the 900s, the 1100s, and the late 1200s. Human history seems 8 (support) Meko’s findings. The native Anasazi lived in this area 9 hundreds of years, starting around 500 AD．They were farmers and depended on water to grow their crops. However, at the end of the 13th century, the Anasazi suddenly left the area. Experts do not know exactly 10 the Anasazi left. They think it was because there was no longer enough water to farm. And Meko’s tree rings clearly show a serious drought at that time. How long will the current drought last? Using nature’s code from the past, experts predict that this drought may continue for another 50 years. Passage 6 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案写在答题卡规定的位置上。 In learning English, one should pay attention to listening and speaking. It is worth 1 (do) that because it is the groundwork (基础) of reading and writing. You’d better try your best 2 (speak) while you do much listening. You may make mistakes. But don’t let them stop you 3 (improve) your English. While you are doing this, a good way is to write—keep 4 diary, write notes or letters. Then if you can, ask some others to go through what you have 5 (write) and tell you where it is wrong. Many mistakes in your speaking will be easily found when you write. Through correcting mistakes, you can do better 6 learning English. If you are slow in speaking, don’t worry about it. One of the 7 (help) ways is reading, either aloud or to yourself. The important thing is to find something 8 (interest) to read. It can’t be too difficult for you. When you are reading in this way, don’t stop 9 (look) up the new words if you can guess their meanings when they have nothing to do 10 the sentences. You can do that some other time. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $