专题06 考前必记词汇梳理&专练（选择性必修三）（知识清单，江苏专用）-2027年高中英语学业水平考试合格考总复习

专题06 考前必记词汇(选择性必修三) 一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 1. This old wooden clock is a rare ________(古董)with a history of more than two hundred years. 2. The inhabitants in this village have to walk a mile to ________(去拿来)water. 3. Appreciate amazing antiques, including Ming vases and Qing ________(家具). 4. The scientists spent three years exploring the unknown ________(领土)in the Antarctic. 5. The soil has been washed down into the ________(山谷). 6. Collecting unique _________(纪念品)from national parks has deepened my appreciation for nature’s wonders and inspired me to protect our planet. 7. The tourist area is ________(点缀)with historic and scenic attractions. 8. Located in the Middle East, Jordan holds a key strategic position, ________(接壤)both Israel and Iraq. 9. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to ________(咀嚼)and digested. 10. The material transforms from a solid state to a ________(液态的)form under high pressure. 11. China is reported to have sent up the Chang’e-5 probe to get ________(样本)from the moon. 12. It is ________(至关重要的)to arrive on time for the interview. 13. To succeed in your studies, you need to strengthen your self ________(纪律)first. 14. The material is so light that it can ________(漂浮)on the water. 15. The plane is carrying twenty passengers and five ________(乘务人员). 16. From the expressions on their faces, I realized the ________(严重性)of the situation. 17. If you are in favour of the plan, please help us collect some information at your ________(空闲). 18. Using a ________(望远镜), Galileo discovered stars that were invisible to the naked eye. 19. We rented a ________(乡村小屋)at the seaside for Christmas. 20. He got up and ________(拖, 拉)his chair toward the table(根据中文提示单词拼写) 21. That’s an ________(一段经历)in my life I’d rather forget! 22. The government is cutting taxes. ________(与此同时), public services are losing funding. 23. All students in this school are required to wear the school ________(制服)during weekdays. 24. If you haven’t got a ________(指南针), use the stars to guide you. 25. They drew up a detailed list of measures for increasing the ________(产量). 26. China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the provinces along the ________(路线). 27. When he had finished washing he began to wipe the ________(盆)clean. 28. Oil pollution could damage the fragile ________(生态)of the coral reefs. 29. The old building, dating back to the Qin Dynasty, is part of our national ________(遗产). 30. This picture was taken at my high-school graduating ceremony on June 10th that year, which I still remember well as a great ________(里程碑式)in my life. 31. The house is clearly ________(看得见的)from the distant beach. 32. The teacher ________(解散)other students and told Frank to stay behind and talk about his trouble. 33. The government is planning to carry out educational ________(改革)to improve the quality of teaching. 34. The government decided to ________(禁止)the sale of plastic bags to protect the environment. 35. The earthquake caused widespread ________(破坏), leaving thousands of people homeless. 36. Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large ________(雕塑品)are on display all over the world. 37. Being ________(谦卑的)means you have the ability to accurately assess your limits without denying your skills and advantages. 38. We’ve already bought the house but we won’t take ________(拥有)of it until May. 39. Compared with today’s advanced technology, the ________(原始)devices invented by ancient people seem simple but played a vital role in promoting human civilization. 40. I have a ________(动机)in offering to help you this time. 41. The hike through the mountains was an ________(很棒的)experience. 42. She failed to satisfy all the requirements for ________(进入)to the college. 43. The road and the ________(运河)run parallel to each other. 44. During the last recession, ________(迁移)to the sunbelt accelerated. 45. They put up a ________(分隔)between dining room and the kitchen. 46. To their disappointment, the basketball match was ________(暂停)because of the power failure. 47. The young girl promised to finish the work ________(分配)to her. 48. To help students who have to stay at home because of illness, the teacher has made all the online lessons ________(可获得的)to them. 49. At last year’s award ceremony, the university officially ________(承认)the scientist’s contribution to medical research. 50. As I ________(收拾)my bags, I wondered what challenges and surprises awaited me. 二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1. The ________(consume)of fossil fuels has led to a series of environmental problems that require immediate solutions. 2. The ________(deep)of reading lies in thinking rather than memorising. 3. I can’t see any ________(distinct)between these two cases. 4. All the students performed ________(dynamic)in the workshop. 5. Our monitor is enthusiastic about creating a ________(harmony)campus and he often launches some campaigns to promote it. 6. We decided to explore the ________(surround)countryside after we checked into the small village hotel. 7. After a long ________(absent)from school, he tried his best to catch up with his classmates quickly. 8. The staff at the local travel ________(agent)will make all the arrangements for you if you have no time to make a travel plan. 9. As a helpful ________, she provided valuable ________ to the team.(assist) 10. They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same ________(calculate). 11. We have been told that there is no cell phone ________(cover)in this wild and deserted valley. 12. His ________(expose)to books constantly made him think critically over any issue. 13. In recent years, earthquakes in the region have increased in ________(frequent), and scientists say the change has something to do with human activity. 14. Although the task seemed ________(incredible)difficult at first, the team managed to complete it ahead of schedule. 15. To develop the economy, in the early years our country encouraged foreign ________(invest). 16. This in turn leads to decreased support and ________(maintain)costs. 17. I began to take up the ________(occupy)as a teacher in my twenties. 18. What we know about its ________(originate)is still limited. 19. It is difficult to make a ________(compare)with her previous book. 20. While working in the ward, he only dared to eat and drink a little when he felt ________(exceptional)hungry and thirsty. 21. A true eco-friendly trip must meet the principle of providing ________(finance)aid and other benefits for local people. 22. She wanted to work for a bigger and more ________(influence)newspaper. 23. The doctor ________(insistent)that the patient should undergo further tests to confirm the diagnosis. 24. People volunteer to express personal values, to expand their range of experiences, and ________(strength) social relationships. 25. Many online games are full of ________(violent), which does harm to the development of children. 26. A personal ________(assess)is judging oneself and knowing everything you should know about yourself. 27. Each group should complete a project-based ________(assign)throughout the unit. 28. He turned to his ________(consultation)for advice facing the difficult financial situation. 29. The local ________(conserve)work has prevented lots of wildlife from disappearing in this area. 30. We achieved great progress through close ________(cooperate). 31. It’s high time that we healed the deep ________(divide)between the rich and the poor. 32. The country is spending hundreds of billions of dollars on railway ________(expand). 33. Owing to the foggy weather, the ________(operate)left his hometown alone. 34. The ________(urgent)of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science. 35. He finally won the game, which is quite beyond ________(expect). 36. We don’t have that problem anymore, because we have ________(navigate)systems like GPS. 37. These newly‑found relics ________(proof)the existence of the ancient culture. 38. The ________ also strongly advocated changes in the position of women. 39. The Hotel of Fragrant Hill designed by Leoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American architect, is one of the most famous ________(architect)in Beijing. 40. The view of the Earth from space is truly ________(awe). 41. The speaker disliked being interrupted, believing that any ________(interrupt)was impolite. 42. There has been a ________(migrate)of people from the country to the towns. 43. Data ________(preserve)is a critical concern for libraries and museums in the digital age. 44. It’s always wise to make ________(reserve)in advance at popular restaurants on weekends. 45. Art experts have appealed for the ________(suspend)of plans to restore one of Leonardo da Vinci’s most celebrated paintings. 46. Her strong ________ to help others ________ her to volunteer at the local shelter.(motive) 47. The damage to the ancient forest may not be permanent; we must fight for the ________(permanent)of this unique ecosystem. 48. He is pleased by the ________(adopt)of a little girl. 49. Aronnax stared in ________(astonish)at the bright light under the ocean. 50. He had planned to depart on Monday, but the bad weather delayed his ________(depart). 51. Some think that we should read ________(extensive)to get broad knowledge. 52. Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high ________(freeze)point. 53. Tom likes talking about ________(literary)and art with his close friends in his spare time. 54. The painting will be a lasting ________(memory)to a remarkable women. 55. This is a basic way to keep the ________(navigate)updated. 56. They were threatened with ________(starve)when flood drowned their village. 57. The reforms owe a great deal to the ________(resolute)of one man. 58. The professor explained to us what ________(sustain)economic development is. 59. The doctor made a careful ________(evaluate)of the patient’s condition. 60. The explosion shook the ________(foundation)of the houses nearby. 三、选词填空 选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式完成句子。每个短语只能用一次，有两项为多余项。 A apart from beat down come down to come as no surprise contrast with cut back on dress code be stuck in in turn make one’s way to off the beaten track tower above 1. The workers of the shop went ________________ and designed a new machine. 2. After clearing her throat, the student ________________ the platform, to give her speech. 3. Tom is so careless, so it ________________ that his exam results are not so good. 4. Usually, the conflict between the couple ________________ the education of their children. 5. What other sports do you like _____________ soccer? 6. The tartness of the lemons _____________ the sweetness of the honey. 7. Since he _____________ a lift a year ago, he hasn’t dared to get back into one. 8. She took off her hat and let the sun _____________ on her. 9. The government’s ________________ the expenses of education has given rise to public dissatisfaction. 10. Walking in the quiet backyard of the temple, you can see the trees of hundreds of years _____________ the old buildings. B at a time be of vital importance cast new light on come to an end differ from in the circumstances in view of lay the foundation for pass on ... to plain to see protect ... from with the assistance of 1. Human facial expressions ________________ those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled. 2. ________________, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 3. Agriculture ________________ to the nation’s economy and the people’s livelihood. 4. The report presented technical and systemic details that could ________________ how the accident happened. 5. Introduce foods one ________________ and notice if you feel uncomfortable with any of them. 6. ________________ the weather, the event will be held indoors. 7. The English corner did not ________________ until about ten o’clock last night. 8. He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to _________ them ________ the heat. 9. What we are learning at school will ________________ the future. 10. With the rapid development of the Internet, the advantages of it ________________. C allow for be loaded with contrary to contribute to cottage industry get in touch with in panic insist on on behalf of regardless of search for sort out 1. She spent a whole afternoon ___________ her stamps. 2. ____________ the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. 3. ____________ my parents, I like to thank all our guests for attending my brother’s wedding dinner. 4. ____________ what people expect, the play has proved to be very successful. 5. We have to ___________ the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule. 6. I’d like to think I can do some work that will ____________ international cooperation and understanding. 7. This message will ________________ lots and lots of energy. 8. When you are in London, you might ________________ a friend of mine. 9. The head chef ____________ using fresh ingredients every day. 10. Dogs are often used to ____________ survivors in an earthquake. D at the thought of at the top of the agenda call for raise funds serve as submit oneself to take action take apart take one’s breath away take shape wear down wear and tear 1. I need new heels on these shoes; the present ones are all __________. 2. The plan for building two high buildings is beginning to __________. 3. Seat covers on coaches take a lot of ___________ so they need to be made from strong material. 4. These are fundamental questions that __________ careful consideration. 5. The wildlife conservation centre relies on volunteers to spread the word about cheetah extinction, __________, and promote initiatives to protect the animals. 6. In the modern information era, advertisements __________ a direct bridge between manufacturers and consumers. 7. In conclusion, if you don’t _______________ difficulties, you will make great progress. 8. With the limited natural resources, we should __________ to preserve them. 9. Out of curiosity, the child wants to __________ the microscope to see what makes it work. 10. Today, health and food safety are viewed as highly important and often placed ________________. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Jiezi Ancient Town is located in Chongzhou, Sichuan Province. “Jiezi” means small street. In the Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, it was called “Hengqu”, ___1___ means across Weijiang River. Due to wars, the lively town turned into ___2___ street along the river in 1615 in the Ming Dynasty. The local people set this street a new name “Jiezi Chang” for marketing. Hence, it got “Jiezi”. The town has a combination of mountains and water, and travelers can enjoy ___3___(elegance)natural scenery and historical sites in the same visit. It is famous for its ancient blue-stone roads, ancient houses and locals ___4___ have lived here for generations. The best way to explore it is___5___(simple)wandering around the old streets ___6___(discover)the old shops with old books, handmade straw shoes, old furniture. Immerse(沉浸)yourselves in the old time and relax your eyes by ___7___(overlook)the beautiful mountains. Visitors can see a wealth of relic sites ___8___(distribute)around Jiezi Old Town. It features Guangyan Buddhist Temple, Fengqishan Scenic Spot, Primitive Forest, Millennium gingko tree, well-preserved Qing-dynasty street and 32 temples. Jiezi Ancient Town also proudly serves ___9___ the birthplace of Tang Qiu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, who ___10___(adopt)the pen name “Gourd Ladle(瓢)”, the special container of his poems. B Lanyue, or Embracing the Moon, first appeared in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” ___1___(symbolize)the Chinese people’s ambition and ___2___(confident)in their exploration of the universe and expedition to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, ___3___ represents its responsibility of fulfilling the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start ___4___ new journey of space adventure, according to the agency. It noted that there will be two models of the Mengzhou — one will be used ___5___(transport)astronauts to the moon while the other will replace the current spaceship Shenzhou to ferry crew members between Earth and the Tiangong space station, which ___6___(orbit)around the Earth for about three years. China has announced its plan of conducting its first ___7___(man)mission to the moon around 2030, when the Lanyue lunar lander will have two parts—a landing section and a launching section, weighing approximately 26 tons. It will ___8___(accommodation)two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover. The Mengzhou spacecraft will also consist ___9___ two major components—a reentry module(返回舱)housing astronauts and serving as the control center for the entire craft during spaceflight, and a service module containing power and propulsion systems. The vehicle will be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter ___10___ weigh 22 metric tons. C Zheng He, originally ___1___(call)Ma Sanbao, was born to a Chinese Muslim family in Kunyang, Yunnan province, China. Ma Sanbao was later given the name Ma He by the Ming military. From an early age Ma He set ___2___ apart through his intelligence and leadership abilities. He received ___3___(literature)and military training and quickly advanced through the ranks in the Ming court. In 1402 the Yongle emperor gave Ma He a new surname, Zheng, and ___4___(choose)him to lead a grand armada(舰队)to the “Western Oceans.” Zheng He’s ___5___(honest), knowledge and diplomatic(外交的)and military skills helped make the seven voyages ___6___ great success. Zheng He’s first two voyages followed familiar trade routes to Southeast Asia and India. He visited ___7___ are now Vietnam, Thailand, the Malaysian port of Melaka and Java, crossed the Indian Ocean to Kozhikode in India, and stopped at Sri Lanka. The rulers he encountered were impressed by his diplomatic skills and the fancy gifts he brought them. They agreed ___8___(send)ambassadors to the Ming court. ___9___(subsequently)voyages took him to Arabia, the eastern coast of Africa, Southeast Asia, and India. Chinese reach to Southeast Asia increased in the wake of these missions, resulting ___10___ trade to China that lasted into the 19th century. D China looks for collaboration to conserve Asian legacy “China hopes to team up with more Asian countries in preserving shared cultural heritage and advancing Asian civilization”, Chang Shan, ___1___ senior Chinese diplomat said at a cultural forum in Selangor, Malaysia, on Thursday. During the forum, Chang spoke about China’s dedication to international cultural heritage protection ___2___ the country’s efforts to integrate domestic ___3___(preserve)with global collaboration. China’s efforts under the UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, as well as its roles in the Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia, ___4___(stand)as proof of its commitment so far, Chang said. Chang, ___5___ quoted the “Wangchuan ceremony and related practices” as an example, also spoke about the successful collaboration between China and Malaysia in cultural heritage conservation. The ceremony—a blessing ceremony ___6___(originate)in the southern part of Fujian province before spreading to Malaysia— ___7___(add)to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2020, thanks to the efforts of both countries. The diplomat reaffirmed(重申)China’s determination ___8___(promote)trans-border exchange and cooperation on cultural heritage protection in Asia, adding that the long-standing traditions of ___9___ (culture)exchanges among countries in the region make that possible. Chang expressed her wish that efforts in cultural heritage protection would continue to play an important role in facilitating people-to-people ___10___ (exchange)and fuel bilateral cooperation. 学科网(北京)股份有限公司/ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 考前必记词汇(选择性必修三) 一、根据汉语提示拼写单词 1. This old wooden clock is a rare ________(古董)with a history of more than two hundred years. 【答案】antique 【解析】考查名词。句意：这座古老的木钟是一件罕见的古董，有着两百多年的历史。根据汉语提示“古董”可知，此处应填名词 antique，作表语；由空前不定冠词a及形容词rare修饰，应用单数形式，故填antique。 2. The inhabitants in this village have to walk a mile to ________(去拿来)water. 【答案】fetch 【解析】考查动词。句意：这个村子里的居民必须走一英里路去取水。fetch表示“(往返)去拿来、去取回”，贴合句中走路去取水再带回的语境。空前有不定式标志to，空处填动词原形，故填fetch。 3. Appreciate amazing antiques, including Ming vases and Qing ________(家具). 【答案】furniture 【解析】考查名词。句意：欣赏令人惊叹的古董，包括明代花瓶和清代家具。“家具”为furniture，为不可数名词，作宾语，故填furniture。 4. The scientists spent three years exploring the unknown ________(领土)in the Antarctic. 【答案】territory 【解析】考查名词。句意：科学家们花费三年时间探索南极这片未知的领土。根据汉语提示“领土”可知，此处为名词，作exploring的宾语，故填territory。 5. The soil has been washed down into the ________(山谷). 【答案】valley 【解析】考查名词。句意：泥土被冲入山谷。根据汉语提示“山谷”可知，空格处涉及单词“valley”，意为“山谷”，为可数名词，定冠词“the”后接可数名词单数，表特指，作宾语，故填valley。 6. Collecting unique _________(纪念品)from national parks has deepened my appreciation for nature’s wonders and inspired me to protect our planet. 【答案】souvenirs 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：收集各个国家公园独特的纪念品加深了我对自然奇观的欣赏，并激励我保护我们的星球。根据汉语提示“纪念品”可知，此处为可数名词souvenir，此处表泛指一类事物，使用复数形式，故填souvenirs。 7. The tourist area is ________(点缀)with historic and scenic attractions. 【答案】dotted 【解析】考查动词及其语态。句意：该旅游区点缀着历史和风景名胜。固定搭配be dotted with意为 “点缀着；遍布”，故填dotted。 8. Located in the Middle East, Jordan holds a key strategic position, ________(接壤)both Israel and Iraq. 【答案】bordering 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：约旦位于中东地区，与以色列和伊拉克接壤，具有重要的战略地位。border与逻辑主语Jordan是主动关系，用动词-ing形式作伴随状语，故填bordering。 9. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to ________(咀嚼)and digested. 【答案】be chewed 【解析】考查动词及其语态。句意：有些书可以浅尝辄止，有些书可以囫囵吞枣，少数书则需要细细咀嚼、消化。and连接并列结构，与to be digested保持形式一致；chew和some few(books)是被动关系，故填be chewed。 10. The material transforms from a solid state to a ________(液态的)form under high pressure. 【答案】liquid 【解析】考查形容词。句意：材料科学在高压下将固体状态转变为液态形式。空后是名词form，需要形容词作定语，故填 liquid。 11. China is reported to have sent up the Chang’e-5 probe to get ________(样本)from the moon. 【答案】samples 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：据报道，中国已经发射了嫦娥五号探测器，从月球上采集样本。根据汉语提示“样本”，对应可数名词sample；此处泛指多份样本，用复数形式，故填samples。 12. It is ________(至关重要的)to arrive on time for the interview. 【答案】vital/crucial/essential 【解析】考查形容词。句意：准时参加面试是至关重要的。空处在句中作表语，结合汉语提示，形容词 vital(或 crucial/essential)意为“至关重要的”，符合题意，故填vital/crucial/essential。 13. To succeed in your studies, you need to strengthen your self ________(纪律)first. 【答案】discipline 【解析】句考查名词。意：要想在学业上取得成功，你首先需要加强自我约束能力。根据汉语提示可知用名词discipline，作宾语，故填discipline。 14. The material is so light that it can ________(漂浮)on the water. 【答案】float 【解析】考查动词。句意：这种材料很轻，能浮在水面上。结合所给汉语可知答案为float，故填float。 15. The plane is carrying twenty passengers and five ________(乘务人员). 【答案】crew 【解析】考查名词。句意：这架飞机载有二十名乘客和五名乘务人员。“乘务人员”是crew，为集体名词，单复数同形，在这里作宾语，故填crew。 16. From the expressions on their faces, I realized the ________(严重性)of the situation. 【答案】gravity 【解析】考查名词。句意：从他们脸上的表情，我意识到情况的严重性。根据汉语提示“严重性”可知，此处为名词gravity，作宾语，为不可数名词，故填gravity。 17. If you are in favour of the plan, please help us collect some information at your ________(空闲). 【答案】leisure 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你赞成这个计划，请在你有空的时候帮助我们收集一些信息。固定搭配at one’s leisure，意为“在某人空闲时”，形容词性物主代词your后接名词，故填leisure。 18. Using a ________(望远镜), Galileo discovered stars that were invisible to the naked eye. 【答案】telescope 【解析】考查名词。句意：伽利略使用望远镜，发现了肉眼看不见的星星。根据汉语提示“望远镜”可知，对应的英语单词为telescope。空前有不定冠词a，故此处使用单数形式作动词using的宾语，故填telescope。 19. We rented a ________(乡村小屋)at the seaside for Christmas. 【答案】cottage 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们在海边租了一间小屋来过圣诞节。根据汉语提示和空格前的rented a可知，空格处应该用单数名词cottage作宾语，故填cottage。 20. He got up and ________(拖, 拉)his chair toward the table(根据中文提示单词拼写) 【答案】dragged 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：他站起来，把椅子拖向桌子。根据汉语提示以及句意可知应填动词drag，结合上文got可知句子时态为一般过去时，空格处填入过去式与got一起作并列的谓语，故填dragged。 21. That’s an ________(一段经历)in my life I’d rather forget! 【答案】episode 【解析】考查名词。句意：那是我人生中一段宁愿忘掉的经历。根据汉语提示“一段经历”可知，此处为名词episode，作表语，不定冠词an修饰单数可数名词，故填episode。 22. The government is cutting taxes. ________(与此同时), public services are losing funding. 【答案】Meanwhile 【解析】考查副词。句意：政府正在减税。与此同时，公共服务正在失去资金。设空处在句中作状语，修饰句子。根据汉语提示，表示“与此同时”用副词meanwhile。由于位于句首，首字母需大写，故填Meanwhile。 23. All students in this school are required to wear the school ________(制服)during weekdays. 【答案】uniforms 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：这所学校的所有学生在工作日都被要求穿校服。根据汉语提示“制服”可知，应用名词uniform，结合句意和主语 All students(复数)可知，此处指所有学生的校服，故使用其复数形式作宾语，故填uniforms。 24. If you haven’t got a ________(指南针), use the stars to guide you. 【答案】compass 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你没有指南针，就用星星来指引你。根据汉语提示“指南针”可知，本空用名词compass，且空格前有不定冠词a修饰，应用单数形式，作宾语，故填compass。 25. They drew up a detailed list of measures for increasing the ________(产量). 【答案】output 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们拟定了一份提高产量的详细措施清单。根据汉语提示“产量”可知，此处为名词output，作increasing的宾语，故填output。 26. China’s Silk Road Economic Belt, once accomplished, will quicken the economic growth of the provinces along the ________(路线). 【答案】route 【解析】考查名词。句意：中国的丝绸之路经济带一旦建成，将加快沿线省份的经济发展。空前有定冠词 the，后接名词；along the route为固定表达，意为“沿着这条路线”，故填route。 27. When he had finished washing he began to wipe the ________(盆)clean. 【答案】basin 【解析】考查名词。句意：当他洗完后，他开始擦干净盆子。根据汉语提示“盆”可知，此处应填名词basin。根据上文“When he had finished washing(当他洗完后)”可知此处指的是他清洗用的那个盆，使用单数，故填basin。 28. Oil pollution could damage the fragile ________(生态)of the coral reefs. 【答案】ecology 【解析】考查名词。句意：石油污染会破坏珊瑚礁脆弱的生态。根据汉语提示“生态”可知，应填入名词ecology，该词在句中被形容词fragile(脆弱的)修饰，作动词damage的宾语，故填ecology。 29. The old building, dating back to the Qin Dynasty, is part of our national ________(遗产). 【答案】heritage 【解析】考查名词。句意：这座追溯到秦朝的古老建筑是我们国家遗产的一部分。根据汉语提示“遗产”可知，应填入名词heritage，作介词of的宾语，被形容词national修饰，故填heritage。 30. This picture was taken at my high-school graduating ceremony on June 10th that year, which I still remember well as a great ________(里程碑式)in my life. 【答案】milestone 【解析】考查名词。句意：这张照片是在那年6月10日我高中毕业典礼上拍的，我仍然记忆犹新，把它视为我生命中的一个里程碑。空前有不定冠词a和形容词great，后面需要接名词；milestone表示“里程碑”，符合语境，故填milestone。 31. The house is clearly ________(看得见的)from the distant beach. 【答案】visible 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从远处的海滩可以清楚地看到那所房子。根据汉语提示“看得见的”可知，此处为形容词 visible，在句中作表语，故填visible。 32. The teacher ________(解散)other students and told Frank to stay behind and talk about his trouble. 【答案】dismissed 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：老师解散了其他学生，叫弗兰克留下来谈谈他遇到的麻烦。所填词作谓语，结合and told可知，要用过去式；根据汉语提示“解散”，动词dismiss含有此意，要将其变成过去式，故填dismissed。 33. The government is planning to carry out educational ________(改革)to improve the quality of teaching. 【答案】reform 【解析】考查名词。句意：政府正计划实施教育改革以提高教学质量。根据汉语提示“改革”可知，应填名词reform，在句中作动词短语carry out的宾语，此处表示“教育改革”，为抽象概念，不可数，故填reform。 34. The government decided to ________(禁止)the sale of plastic bags to protect the environment. 【答案】ban/forbid/prohibit 【解析】考查动词。句意：为了保护环境，政府决定禁止销售塑料袋。根据汉语提示“禁止”可知，空格处可使用动词ban、forbid或prohibit。此处位于动词不定式符号to之后，应用动词原形，故填ban/forbid/prohibit。 35. The earthquake caused widespread ________(破坏), leaving thousands of people homeless. 【答案】destruction/damage/ruin 【解析】考查名词。句意：地震造成了广泛的破坏，导致成千上万的人无家可归。空处应填入名词作宾语，根据汉语提示“破坏”，此处可填入名词destruction, damage或ruin，三者均可表示“破坏、毁坏”之意，故填destruction/damage/ruin。 36. Florentijn Hofman is a Dutch artist, whose large ________(雕塑品)are on display all over the world. 【答案】sculptures 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：弗洛伦泰因·霍夫曼是一位荷兰艺术家，他的大型雕塑作品在世界各地展出。根据汉语提示“雕塑品”可知，此处应为名词sculpture，结合空格后的谓语动词are可知，此处应使用名词的复数形式作主语，故填sculptures。 37. Being ________(谦卑的)means you have the ability to accurately assess your limits without denying your skills and advantages. 【答案】humble 【解析】考查形容词。句意：保持谦卑意味着你有能力准确评估自己的局限，同时不否定自己的技能和优势。根据汉语提示“谦卑的”以及Being后接形容词构成动名词短语作主语的语法结构可知，此处应用形容词，故填humble。 38. We’ve already bought the house but we won’t take ________(拥有)of it until May. 【答案】possession 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们已经买了房子但是我们直到五月份才有拥有权。根据汉语提示“拥有”和空格前的动词take可知，空格处应该用名词possession，构成固定搭配take possession of“占有，拥有”，故填possession。 39. Compared with today’s advanced technology, the ________(原始)devices invented by ancient people seem simple but played a vital role in promoting human civilization. 【答案】primitive 【解析】考查形容词。句意：与今天的先进技术相比，古人发明的原始设备看似简单，但在推动人类文明方面发挥了至关重要的作用。根据汉语提示“原始”可知，应填形容词primitive，作定语修饰名词devices，故填primitive。 40. I have a ________(动机)in offering to help you this time. 【答案】motive 【解析】考查名词。句意：这次我愿意帮助你，是有一定原因的。根据汉语提示可知用名词motive，作宾语，故填motive。 41. The hike through the mountains was an ________(很棒的)experience. 【答案】awesome 【解析】考查形容词。句意：穿越山脉的徒步旅行是一次很棒的经历。根据句意及汉语提示，可知为awesome。设空处应用形容词形式修饰空后的名词experience，故填awesome。 42. She failed to satisfy all the requirements for ________(进入)to the college. 【答案】entry 【解析】考查名词。句意：她未能满足进入这所大学的所有要求。此处使用名词entry，作for的宾语，故填entry。 43. The road and the ________(运河)run parallel to each other. 【答案】canal 【解析】考查名词。句意：这条路和运河彼此平行。根据汉语提示可知，表示“运河”应为canal，此处为名词作主语，故填canal。 44. During the last recession, ________(迁移)to the sunbelt accelerated. 【答案】migration 【解析】考查名词。句意：在上一次经济衰退期间，向阳光地带的移民加速了。此处为名词作主语，根据提示的汉语，表示“迁移”应为migration，且此处为不可数名词，故填migration。 45. They put up a ________(分隔)between dining room and the kitchen. 【答案】division 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们把餐厅和厨房隔开。根据汉语提示可知，表示“隔开”可用名词division作宾语，再根据空格前的a可知，应该用名词的单数形式，故填division。 46. To their disappointment, the basketball match was ________(暂停)because of the power failure. 【答案】suspended 【解析】考查动词及其语态。句意：令他们失望的是，由于停电，篮球比赛暂停了。“中止”表达为动词suspend，suspend与逻辑主语the basketball match为动宾关系，应用被动语态，空前有was，设空处应用动词过去分词suspended，故填suspended。 47. The young girl promised to finish the work ________(分配)to her. 【答案】assigned 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个年轻女孩答应完成分配给她的工作。分析句式结构可知，此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，再根据汉语提示，“分配”用动词assign，又因为assign和work之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填assigned。 48. To help students who have to stay at home because of illness, the teacher has made all the online lessons ________(可获得的)to them. 【答案】available 【解析】考查形容词。句意：为了帮助因病必须待在家里的学生，老师让他们可以获得全部在线课程。根据汉语提示可知是形容词available，在make sth. available to sb.结构中作宾语补足语，故填available。 49. At last year’s award ceremony, the university officially ________(承认)the scientist’s contribution to medical research. 【答案】acknowledged 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：在去年的颁奖典礼上，这所大学正式认可了这位科学家对医学研究的贡献。根据汉语提示可知用动词acknowledge，结合时间状语last year可知为一般过去时，故填acknowledged。 50. As I ________(收拾)my bags, I wondered what challenges and surprises awaited me. 【答案】packed 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：当我收拾行李时，我想知道等待我的会是什么挑战与惊喜。“收拾”，对应动词pack；主句谓语wondered为一般过去时，as引导的时间状语从句时态保持一致，使用过去式，故填packed。 二、用括号中所给词的正确形式填空 1. The ________(consume)of fossil fuels has led to a series of environmental problems that require immediate solutions. 【答案】consumption 【解析】考查名词。句意：化石燃料的消耗导致了一系列需要立即解决的环境问题。提示词作主语，有定冠词The限定，用名词形式consumption作主语，意为‌“消耗”，不可数名词，故填consumption。 2. The ________(deep)of reading lies in thinking rather than memorising. 【答案】depth 【解析】考查名词。句意：阅读的深度在于思考而非记忆。空前有定冠词The，空处应用名词，作主语。deep是形容词，意为“深的”，用其名词形式，故填depth。 3. I can’t see any ________(distinct)between these two cases. 【答案】distinction/distinctions 【解析】考查名词(及其数)。句意：我看不出这两个案例之间有任何区别。any后需接名词作see的宾语，所给形容词distinct需要转换为名词distinction，表示“区别，差异”，为可数名词，这里用单复数都可以，故填distinction/distinctions。 4. All the students performed ________(dynamic)in the workshop. 【答案】dynamically 【解析】考查副词。句意：所有学生在研讨会上都表现得活力满满。 本句谓语动词为performed，修饰动词需要使用副词；所给词dynamic是形容词，用其其副词形式，故填dynamically。 5. Our monitor is enthusiastic about creating a ________(harmony)campus and he often launches some campaigns to promote it. 【答案】harmonious 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们的班长热衷于创建和谐校园，他经常发起一些活动来推动这件事。设空处应填形容词修饰名词campus作定语，用harmony的形容词形式，故填harmonious。 6. We decided to explore the ________(surround)countryside after we checked into the small village hotel. 【答案】surrounding 【解析】考查形容词。句意：我们入住小村庄的酒店后，决定去周边的乡间探索一番。修饰名词countryside用surround的形容词形式作定语，故填surrounding。 7. After a long ________(absent)from school, he tried his best to catch up with his classmates quickly. 【答案】absence 【解析】考查名词。句意：在长时间缺课之后，他尽全力快速赶上了同学们。本空被形容词long修饰，作介词After的宾语，用名词，故填absence。 8. The staff at the local travel ________(agent)will make all the arrangements for you if you have no time to make a travel plan. 【答案】agency 【解析】考查名词。句意：如果你没有时间制定旅行计划，当地旅行社的工作人员会为你安排一切。此处应填名词agency“代理机构，旅行社”，作at的宾语，故填agency。 9. As a helpful ________, she provided valuable ________ to the team.(assist) 【答案】assistant, assistance 【解析】考查名词。句意：作为一名乐于助人的助手，她为团队提供了宝贵的帮助。第一空作宾语，表示“助手”应用名词assistant，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词；第二空作宾语，表示“帮助”应用名词assistance，故填assistant, assistance。 10. They found their computers producing different results from exactly the same ________(calculate). 【答案】calculation 【解析】考查名词。句意：他们发现他们的电脑在进行完全相同的计算时，得出了不同的结果。空处作介词from的宾语，其前有形容词same修饰，用calculate的名词形式，故填calculation。 11. We have been told that there is no cell phone ________(cover)in this wild and deserted valley. 【答案】coverage 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们被告知在这个荒凉偏僻的山谷里没有手机信号覆盖。提示词作there be句型的主语，用名词coverage，意为“覆盖范围，信号覆盖区”，不可数名词，故填coverage。 12. His ________(expose)to books constantly made him think critically over any issue. 【答案】exposure/being exposed 【解析】考查动词或非谓语动词。句意：他长期接触书籍，这使得他对任何问题都能进行批判性思考。空前有形容词性物主代词His，后面需要接名词形式exposure，作主语；be exposed to为固定搭配，表示“接触”，空处也可使用动词-ing形式being exposed作主语，故填exposure/being exposed。 13. In recent years, earthquakes in the region have increased in ________(frequent), and scientists say the change has something to do with human activity. 【答案】frequency 【解析】考查名词。句意：近年来，该地区地震的频率有所增加，科学家表示这种变化与人类活动有关。设空处位于介词in之后，应填名词作宾语，用frequent的名词形式，故填为frequency。 14. Although the task seemed ________(incredible)difficult at first, the team managed to complete it ahead of schedule. 【答案】incredibly 【解析】考查副词。句意：尽管这项任务起初似乎难以置信地困难，但团队还是设法提前完成了。提示词修饰形容词difficult，用副词形式作状语，故填incredibly。 15. To develop the economy, in the early years our country encouraged foreign ________(invest). 【答案】investment 【解析】考查名词。句意：早年我国为发展经济，鼓励外商投资。encourage后接名词，用invest的名词形式，故填investment。 16. This in turn leads to decreased support and ________(maintain)costs. 【答案】maintenance 【解析】考查名词。句意：这反过来会导致支持和维护成本的降低。空处使用名词作定语，修饰名词costs，用maintain的名词形式，故填maintenance。 17. I began to take up the ________(occupy)as a teacher in my twenties. 【答案】occupation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我二十多岁时开始从事教师这份职业。定冠词the后需要名词作take up的宾语，用occupy的名词形式，故填occupation。 18. What we know about its ________(originate)is still limited. 【答案】origin 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们对于它的起源所知仍然有限。its是形容词性物主代词，后面需要接名词，用originate的名词形式，故填origin。 19. It is difficult to make a ________(compare)with her previous book. 【答案】comparison 【解析】考查名词。句意：很难将它和她之前的书作比较。不定冠词a后面需要接名词作动词make的宾语，动词compare对应的名词形式是comparison，make a comparison为固定搭配，表示“作比较”，故填comparison。 20. While working in the ward, he only dared to eat and drink a little when he felt ________(exceptional)hungry and thirsty. 【答案】exceptionally 【解析】考查副词。句意：在病房工作期间，他只有在感到非常饥渴时才敢少量进食饮水。空处修饰后面的形容词hungry and thirsty，应用所给形容词exceptional的副词形式作状语，故填exceptionally。 21. A true eco-friendly trip must meet the principle of providing ________(finance)aid and other benefits for local people. 【答案】financial 【解析】考查形容词。句意：真正的环保旅行必须符合为当地人提供财政援助和其他益处的原则。根据设空处后的名词aid可知，设空处应该填形容词作定语，修饰aid，故填financial。 22. She wanted to work for a bigger and more ________(influence)newspaper. 【答案】influential 【解析】考查形容词。句意：她想为一家规模更大、更有影响力的报社工作。空格处需要填入形容词与more构成形容词比较级作定语。用influence对应的形容词形式，故填influential。 23. The doctor ________(insistent)that the patient should undergo further tests to confirm the diagnosis. 【答案】insisted 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：这位医生坚持要求病人接受进一步检查来确诊。此处需要填入动词作谓语。insistent对应的动词形式是insist，表示“坚持主张、坚决要求”。 医生提出要求是过去发生的动作，因此使用一般过去时，故填insisted。 24. People volunteer to express personal values, to expand their range of experiences, and ________(strength) social relationships. 【答案】to strengthen 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：人们自愿表达个人价值观，扩展经历范围并且增强社会关系。根据前面的to express personal values, to expand，可以判断出三个不定式动词并列，故填to strengthen。 25. Many online games are full of ________(violent), which does harm to the development of children. 【答案】violence 【解析】考查名词。句意：许多网络游戏充满暴力，会对儿童的成长造成伤害。空处作of的宾语，用violent的名词形式，该名词是不可数名词，故填violence。 26. A personal ________(assess)is judging oneself and knowing everything you should know about yourself. 【答案】assessment 【解析】考查名词。句意：自我评估是审视自己，并了解关于自己的所有应知之事。空处作主语，被personal修饰，用assess的名词形式，故填assessment。 27. Each group should complete a project-based ________(assign)throughout the unit. 【答案】assignment 【解析】考查名词。句意：每个小组需要在整个单元学习期间完成一项基于项目的作业。空格前复合形容词project-based，用来修饰名词，所给词assign为动词，用其对应的名词形式，空前有a project-based修饰，使用单数名词，故填assignment。 28. He turned to his ________(consultation)for advice facing the difficult financial situation. 【答案】consultant 【解析】考查名词。句意：面对严峻的财务困境，他向顾问寻求建议。 分析句子结构可知，此处考查固定搭配turn to sb for advice，表“向某人寻求建议”，consultation对应的表示“顾问”的名词是consultant，且由语境可知，此处应用单数形式作宾语，故填consultant。 29. The local ________(conserve)work has prevented lots of wildlife from disappearing in this area. 【答案】conservation 【解析】考查名词。句意：当地的保护工作防止了许多野生动物在这个地区消失。此处需要填入名词形式作定语，修饰后面的名词；所给词conserve为动词，用其名词形式，故填conservation。 30. We achieved great progress through close ________(cooperate). 【答案】cooperation 【解析】考查名词。句意：通过密切合作，我们取得了巨大的进步。空格前的close是形容词，因此此处需要填入所给动词cooperate的名词形式作宾语，该词是不可数名词，故填cooperation。 31. It’s high time that we healed the deep ________(divide)between the rich and the poor. 【答案】division 【解析】考查名词。句意：现在是我们解决贫富之间深刻分歧的时候了。根据空前定冠词the和形容词deep可知，空处应用名词形式division，作healed的宾语，用单数形式特指贫富之间这一分歧，故填division. 32. The country is spending hundreds of billions of dollars on railway ________(expand). 【答案】expansion 【解析】考查名词。句意：该国正投入数千亿美元用于铁路扩建。作介词on的宾语，用expand的名词形式，故填expansion。 33. Owing to the foggy weather, the ________(operate)left his hometown alone. 【答案】operator 【解析】考查名词。句意：由于大雾天气，这名操作员独自离开了家乡。定冠词the后需要填入名词作句子主语，用动词operate对应的表示人的名词，故填operator。 34. The ________(urgent)of finding a cure attracted some of the best minds in medical science. 【答案】urgency 【解析】考查名词。句意：寻找治疗方法的紧迫性吸引了一些医学领域最优秀的人才。根据“The”和“of finding a cure”可知，定冠词后需接名词，用urgent的名词形式作主语，故填urgency。 35. He finally won the game, which is quite beyond ________(expect). 【答案】expectation/expectations 【解析】考查名词(及其数)。句意：他最终赢得了比赛，这完全出乎人们的意料。固定搭配beyond expectation/expectations出乎意料，故填expectation/expectations。 36. We don’t have that problem anymore, because we have ________(navigate)systems like GPS. 【答案】navigation 【解析】考查名词。句意：我们不再有那种问题了，因为我们有像全球定位系统(GPS)这样的导航系统。本空修饰名词systems，作定语，需用名词，navigation systems表示“导航系统”，故填navigation。 37. These newly‑found relics ________(proof)the existence of the ancient culture. 【答案】prove 【解析】考查动词及其时态。句意：这些新发现的文物证明了古文化的存在。空处作谓语，需用动词prove，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为复数名词，谓语动词用原形，故填prove。 38. The ________ also strongly advocated changes in the position of women. 【答案】reformers 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：改革者们还强烈主张改变女性的地位。根据谓语动词advocated可知空处作主语，这里应是“人”。reformer，为可数名词，这里用复数形式，故填reformers。 39. The Hotel of Fragrant Hill designed by Leoh Ming Pei, a famous Chinese-born American architect, is one of the most famous ________(architect)in Beijing. 【答案】architectures 【解析】考查名词及其复数。句意：由美籍华裔著名建筑师贝聿铭设计的香山饭店是北京最著名的建筑之一。根据“one of ...”可知空处需填名词复数，同时作表语，对主语“The Hotel of Fragrant Hill(香山宾馆)”进行解释，这里应是“物”。“architecture”，为可数名词，意为“建筑物”，符合句意和语境，这里用复数形式，故填architectures。 40. The view of the Earth from space is truly ________(awe). 【答案】awesome 【解析】考查形容词。句意：从太空看到的地球景色真的令人敬畏。设空处应填形容词作表语，再结合句意“令人敬畏的，极好的”可知应填awe的形容词形式，故填awesome。 41. The speaker disliked being interrupted, believing that any ________(interrupt)was impolite. 【答案】interruption 【解析】句意：演讲者不喜欢被打断，认为任何打断都是不礼貌的。空处所需填的词作从句中的主语，应该用interrupt的名词形式，故填interruption。 42. There has been a ________(migrate)of people from the country to the towns. 【答案】migration 【解析】考查名词，句意：人们从农村迁往城镇。分析句子结构可知，空前有不定冠词a，所以此处应为名词单数形式，用migrate的名词形式，故填migration。 43. Data ________(preserve)is a critical concern for libraries and museums in the digital age. 【答案】preservation 【解析】考查名词。句意：数据保存在数字时代对于图书馆和博物馆而言是一项至关重要的问题。作主语，用preserve的名词形式，该名词为不可数名词，故填preservation。 44. It’s always wise to make ________(reserve)in advance at popular restaurants on weekends. 【答案】reservations 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：在周末去热门餐厅就餐时，提前预订座位总是比较明智的。空处作make的宾语，reserve的名词形式reservation符合题意，意为“预定”，结合“restaurants”可知，可数名词reservation应用复数形式，故填reservations。 45. Art experts have appealed for the ________(suspend)of plans to restore one of Leonardo da Vinci’s most celebrated paintings. 【答案】suspension 【解析】考查名词。句意：艺术专家呼吁暂停修复列奥纳多·达·芬奇最著名画作之一的计划。作介词的宾语，应用名词suspension，抽象概念，不可数，故填suspension。 46. Her strong ________ to help others ________ her to volunteer at the local shelter.(motive) 【答案】motivation, motivated 【解析】考查名词，动词及其时态。句意：她帮助他人的强烈动机促使她去当地收容所做志愿者。第一个空，根据空前Her strong可知，空处需用名词作主语，motive的名词为motivation，表示“动机”，由句意可知，此处特指她帮助他人的强烈动机，名词应用单数形式；第二个空，根据空后her to volunteer可知，可知使用固定短语motivate sb. to do sth.，意为“促使某人做某事”，由语境可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，需用动词motivate“促使”的过去式motivated作谓语，故填motivation, motivated。 47. The damage to the ancient forest may not be permanent; we must fight for the ________(permanent)of this unique ecosystem. 【答案】permanence 【解析】考查名词。句意：对古老森林的破坏可能不是永久性的；我们必须为这一独特生态系统的永久性而斗争。空处所要填的词作宾语，需填名词，用permanent的名词形式，故填permanence。 48. He is pleased by the ________(adopt)of a little girl. 【答案】adoption 【解析】考查名词。句意：他因为收养一个小女孩而感到高兴。定冠词the后应接名词，用adopt的名词形式作介词宾语，该名词是不可数名词，故填adoption。 49. Aronnax stared in ________(astonish)at the bright light under the ocean. 【答案】astonishment 【解析】考查名词。句意：阿龙纳斯惊讶地盯着海底那道亮光。空格前为介词in，后面需要接名词。所给词astonish是动词，意为“使惊讶”，用其名词形式，固定短语in astonishment意为“惊讶地”，故填astonishment。 50. He had planned to depart on Monday, but the bad weather delayed his ________(depart). 【答案】departure 【解析】考查名词。句意：他原计划星期一出发，但恶劣的天气推迟了他的出发时间。空处应填depart的名词形式作宾语，故填departure。 51. Some think that we should read ________(extensive)to get broad knowledge. 【答案】extensively 【解析】考查副词。句意：有些人认为我们应该广泛阅读以获得广泛的知识。修饰动词用副词作状语，故填extensively。 52. Water is a liquid at room temperature and has a relatively high ________(freeze)point. 【答案】freezing 【解析】考查形容词。句意：水在室温下呈液态，并且冰点相对较高。修饰名词point用形容词作定语，故填freezing。 53. Tom likes talking about ________(literary)and art with his close friends in his spare time. 【答案】literature 【解析】考查名词。句意：汤姆在业余时间喜欢和他的好朋友们谈论文学和艺术。句中需要一个名词与“art”并列，作宾语。“literary”是形容词，意为“文学的”，用其对应的名词形式，该名词为不可数名词，故填literature。 54. The painting will be a lasting ________(memory)to a remarkable women. 【答案】memorial 【解析】考查形容词。句意：这幅画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念。空处需填名词memorial，作宾语，不定冠词a修饰单数可数名词，故填memorial。 55. This is a basic way to keep the ________(navigate)updated. 【答案】navigator 【解析】考查名词。句意：这是保持导航仪更新的一种基本方法。此处应填名词作动词keep的宾语；navigate为动词，意为“导航”，用其对应的名词形式，故填 navigator。 56. They were threatened with ________(starve)when flood drowned their village. 【答案】starvation 【解析】考查名词。句意：洪水淹没村庄后，他们面临饥饿的威胁。空处作with的宾语，应用starve的名词形式starvation，意为“饥饿”，是不可数名词，故填starvation。 57. The reforms owe a great deal to the ________(resolute)of one man. 【答案】resolution 【解析】考查名词。句意：改革在很大程度上要归功于一个人的决心。空处需填resolute的名词形式作宾语，故填resolution。 58. The professor explained to us what ________(sustain)economic development is. 【答案】sustainable 【解析】考查形容词。句意：教授向我们解释了什么是可持续的经济发展。此处需要填入一个形容词作定语，修饰名词短语“economic development”，用动词sustain的形容词形式，故填sustainable。 59. The doctor made a careful ________(evaluate)of the patient’s condition. 【答案】evaluation 【解析】考查名词。句意：医生对病人的病情进行了仔细的评估。空处作动词made的宾语，其前有不定冠词a和形容词careful修饰，因此需用名词的单数形式；动词evaluate意为“评估、评价”，其对应的名词形式是evaluation，意为“评估、评价”，make an evaluation of... 表示“对……进行评估”，故填evaluation。 60. The explosion shook the ________(foundation)of the houses nearby. 【答案】foundations 【解析】考查名词及其数。句意：爆炸震动了附近房屋的地基。分析句子结构可知，此处应为名词作宾语，foundation意为“地基”为可数名词，根据句中houses以及语意可知，空处应用名词的复数形式作宾语，故填foundations。 三、选词填空 选择合适的短语，并用其正确形式完成句子。每个短语只能用一次，有两项为多余项。 A apart from beat down come down to come as no surprise contrast with cut back on dress code be stuck in in turn make one’s way to off the beaten track tower above 1. The workers of the shop went ________________ and designed a new machine. 【答案】off the beaten track 【解析】句意：这家商店的工人打破常规，设计了一台新机器。从空后and并列的另一动作“设计新机器”可知，前面要表达工人们打破常规、别出心裁，可用短语go off the beaten track表示，故填off the beaten track。 2. After clearing her throat, the student ________________ the platform, to give her speech. 【答案】made her way to 【解析】句意：清了嗓子后，那个学生走向讲台，开始演讲。根据“the platform, to give her speech”以及句意“走向”可知应填make one’s way to，结合语境发生在过去，用一般过去时，故填made her way to。 3. Tom is so careless, so it ________________ that his exam results are not so good. 【答案】comes as no surprise 【解析】句意：Tom太粗心了，所以他考试结果不理想一点都不意外。空前的it是形式主语，真正的主语是空后that从句的内容，结合前半句的原因铺垫不难推断，对于粗心大意的Tom，没考好这一结果是意料之中的，应用come as no surprise表示“……不足为奇”，此处时态与前一句一致为一般现在时，在主语it后谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填comes as no surprise。 4. Usually, the conflict between the couple ________________ the education of their children. 【答案】comes down to 【解析】句意：通常，夫妻两人之间的矛盾归结于对孩子的教育。空处前的conflict是主语，需要谓语动词，而空后内容显然是矛盾的原因，应用come down to表示“(问题、决定等)归结于”，时间状语Usually表明时态是一般现在时，在单数主语conflict后谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，故填comes down to。 5. What other sports do you like _____________ soccer? 【答案】apart from 【解析】句意：除了足球，你还喜欢别的什么运动？空处前句主干结构完整，结合句意和other一词推知，这里是在提问除了足球还喜欢其他何种运动，应用apart from表示“除……之外”，故填apart from。 6. The tartness of the lemons _____________ the sweetness of the honey. 【答案】contrasts with 【解析】句意：柠檬的酸味与蜂蜜的甜味形成鲜明对比。根据“The tartness of the lemons”和“the sweetness of the honey”以及句意“形成鲜明对比”可知应填contrasts with，陈述事实用一般现在时，主语为tartness，谓语用三单形式，故填contrasts with。 7. Since he _____________ a lift a year ago, he hasn’t dared to get back into one. 【答案】was stuck in 【解析】句意：自从一年前被困在电梯里，他就再也不敢坐电梯了。根据“he hasn’t dared to get back into one”以及句意“被困”可知应填be stuck in，根据a year ago可知为一般过去时，主语为he，谓语用单数，故填was stuck in。 8. She took off her hat and let the sun _____________ on her. 【答案】beat down 【解析】句意：她摘下帽子，让太阳直晒在身上。空处在使役动词let后作宾语补足语，需要动词原形，结合前面脱帽的动作推知，应用beat down表示“(太阳)暴晒，强烈地照射”，故填beat down。 9. The government’s ________________ the expenses of education has given rise to public dissatisfaction. 【答案】cutting back on 【解析】句意：政府削减教育经费的做法引起了公众的不满。根据“has given rise to public dissatisfaction”以及句意“削减”可知应填cut back on，此处为动名词的复合结构“名词所有格+动名词”，作主语，故填cutting back on。 10. Walking in the quiet backyard of the temple, you can see the trees of hundreds of years _____________ the old buildings. 【答案】towering above 【解析】句意：走在寺庙安静的后院，你可以看到数百年的树木高耸在老建筑之上。结合句意可知，此处表示“高耸于”应为tower above在句中作宾语补足语，与宾语the trees之间为主动关系，且表示当前所处的状态，所以使用现在分词形式，故填towering above。 B at a time be of vital importance cast new light on come to an end differ from in the circumstances in view of lay the foundation for pass on ... to plain to see protect ... from with the assistance of 1. Human facial expressions ________________ those of animals in the degree to which they can be controlled. 【答案】differ from 【解析】句意：人类的面部表情与动物的面部表情的不同之处在于它们可以被控制的程度。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语differ from“不同于”，满足句意要求，结合该句为陈述客观事实，所以为一般现在时，主语是复数，单词differ应用原形，故填differ from。 2. ________________, it seemed better not to tell him about the accident. 【答案】In the circumstances 【解析】句意：在这种情况下，不把事故告诉他似乎比较好。介词短语in the circumstances“在这种情况下”，作状语，故填In the circumstances。 3. Agriculture ________________ to the nation’s economy and the people’s livelihood. 【答案】is of vital importance 【解析】句意：农业对国计民生至关重要。短语be of vital importance“至关重要”，作谓语动词，此处陈述客观事实且主语为Agriculture ，所以应用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式，故填is of vital importance。 4. The report presented technical and systemic details that could ________________ how the accident happened. 【答案】cast new light on 【解析】句意：该报告提供了技术和系统细节，可能有助于了解事故发生的原因。动词短语cast new light on“使进一步了解……”，作定语从句的谓语动词，由情态动词could知此处应用动词原形，故填cast new light on。 5. Introduce foods one ________________ and notice if you feel uncomfortable with any of them. 【答案】at a time 【解析】句意：一次介绍一种食物，并注意你是否对其中任何一种感到不舒服。此处作句子状语成分，at a time意为“一次”，one at a time意为“一次一个”，语义相符，故填at a time。 6. ________________ the weather, the event will be held indoors. 【答案】In view of 【解析】句意：考虑到天气原因，活动将在室内举行。根据句意“考虑到”可知，介词短语in view of，符合题意，位于句首，首字母需大写，故填In view of。 7. The English corner did not ________________ until about ten o’clock last night. 【答案】come to an end 【解析】句意：英语角直到昨晚大约十点钟才结束。根据句意可知，此处为动词短语come to an end“结束”，满足句意要求，结合空前did助动词可知，为动词原形，故填come to an end。 8. He realized that it was because there weren’t enough trees to _________ them ________ the heat. 【答案】protect, from 【解析】句意：他意识到这是因为没有足够的树木来保护他们免受高温。结合“trees”以及“the heat”可知，此处指“没有足够的树木来保护他们免受高温”，protect...from“保护……免受……”，符合题意，空前的to是不定式符号，后接动词原形，故填protect, from。 9. What we are learning at school will ________________ the future. 【答案】lay the foundation for 【解析】句意：我们在学校学习的东西将为未来奠定基础。根据句意“为……打下基础”可知，动词短语lay the foundation for，符合题意，位于助动词will后面，使用动词原形，故填lay the foundation for。 10. With the rapid development of the Internet, the advantages of it ________________. 【答案】are plain to see 【解析】句意：随着互联网的快速发展，它的优势是显而易见的。根据句意“显而易见的”可知，动词短语be plain to see，符合题意，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，注意为the advantages of it，be动词用are，故填are plain to see。 C allow for be loaded with contrary to contribute to cottage industry get in touch with in panic insist on on behalf of regardless of search for sort out 1. She spent a whole afternoon ___________ her stamps. 【答案】sorting out 【解析】句意：她花了一整个下午整理她的邮票。根据her stamps可知，用固定短语sort out“整理”，固定搭配spend time(in)doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，此处用动词-ing形式sorting out。 2. ____________ the risk of getting infected, Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job. 【答案】Regardless of 【解析】句意：不管有被感染的风险，李叔叔对待工作认真负责、恪尽职守。前后文为转折关系，表示“不管，不顾”，regardless of符合句意，句首单词首字母大写，故填Regardless of。 3. ____________ my parents, I like to thank all our guests for attending my brother’s wedding dinner. 【答案】On behalf of 【解析】句意：我代表父母，感谢所有来宾出席我弟弟的婚宴。根据后文感谢宾客，此处表达代表父母，on behalf of “代表” 符合题意，句首单词首字母大写，故填On behalf of。 4. ____________ what people expect, the play has proved to be very successful. 【答案】Contrary to 【解析】句意：与人们预想的相反，这部戏剧取得了巨大成功。空后接宾语 what people expect，结合后文戏剧大获成功和大众预期形成反差，短语 contrary to“与…… 相反” 符合语境，置于句首首字母大写，故填Contrary to。 5. We have to ___________ the possibility that we might not finish this project on schedule. 【答案】allow for 【解析】句意：我们必须考虑到不能按时完成这个项目的可能性。动词短语allow for“考虑到”符合句意，动词原形和have to构成复合谓语，故填allow for。 6. I’d like to think I can do some work that will ____________ international cooperation and understanding. 【答案】contribute to 【解析】句意：我希望我能做一些有助于国际合作与理解的工作。结合“国际合作与理解”的语境，此处表示“有助于、促成”，应选contribute to，will后用动词原形，故填contribute to。 7. This message will ________________ lots and lots of energy. 【答案】be loaded with 【解析】句意：这条信息蕴含大量能量。will后面接动词原形，结合句意，此处表示“承载、蕴含”，故填be loaded with。 8. When you are in London, you might ________________ a friend of mine. 【答案】get in touch with 【解析】句意：当你在伦敦时，可以联系我的一位朋友。情态动词might后接动词原形，结合后文“a friend of mine”可知，此处应用意为“与……取得联系”的动词短语，故填get in touch with。 9. The head chef ____________ using fresh ingredients every day. 【答案】insists on 【解析】句意：主厨坚持每天使用新鲜食材。根据单数主语“chef”以及空后动名词短语“using fresh ingredients”可知，此空填insist on，表示“坚持”。描述一般性事实使用一般现在时，主语表示单数意义，谓语使用三单形式，故填insists on。 10. Dogs are often used to ____________ survivors in an earthquake. 【答案】search for 【解析】句意：狗经常被用来在地震中搜寻幸存者。结合survivors in an earthquake可知，此处指搜寻幸存者，动词短语search for“搜寻；寻找”符合题意，be used to do sth为固定搭配，to后接动词原形，故填search for。 D at the thought of at the top of the agenda call for raise funds serve as submit oneself to take action take apart take one’s breath away take shape wear down wear and tear 1. I need new heels on these shoes; the present ones are all __________. 【答案】worn down 【解析】句意：我这双鞋需要换新鞋跟；现在的都磨损了。根据句意，此处表示“磨损”用wear down；分析句子，ones(鞋)与wear之间是被动关系，故使用过去分词与前文的are构成一般现在时的被动语态，故填worn down。 2. The plan for building two high buildings is beginning to __________. 【答案】take shape 【解析】句意：建造两栋高楼的规划逐渐成型。分析句子结构可知，begin to后接动词短语原形，take shape，表“成形、初具规模”，符合“建筑规划逐步完善”的语境，故填take shape。 3. Seat covers on coaches take a lot of ___________ so they need to be made from strong material. 【答案】wear and tear 【解析】句意：客车座套磨损严重，因此需采用结实面料制作。分析句子结构可知，a lot of后接名词短语，wear and tear，表“磨损、损耗”，符合“座椅长期使用产生损耗”的语境，故填wear and tear。 4. These are fundamental questions that __________ careful consideration. 【答案】call for 【解析】句意：这些都是需要仔细斟酌的根本问题。分析句子结构可知，此空应填动词短语作从句谓语，call for，表“需要、要求”，符合“问题值得深思考量”的语境，且定语从句先行词questions为复数，句子与前面保持一致用一般现在时，所以call用动词原形故填call for。 5. The wildlife conservation centre relies on volunteers to spread the word about cheetah extinction, __________, and promote initiatives to protect the animals. 【答案】raise funds 【解析】句意：野生动物保护中心依靠志愿者传播猎豹灭绝的消息，筹集资金，并推动保护动物的举措。动词不定式作宾语补足语，to已经给出，raise funds“筹集资金”符合句意，故填raise funds。 6. In the modern information era, advertisements __________ a direct bridge between manufacturers and consumers. 【答案】serve as 【解析】句意：在现代信息时代，广告充当着制造商和消费者之间的直接桥梁。根据空后“a direct bridge between manufacturers and consumers”可知，广告起着桥梁的作用，serve as意为“充当”，符合语境，句子描述的是一般事实，应用一般现在时，主语advertisements是复数，所以动词用原形，故填serve as。 7. In conclusion, if you don’t _______________ difficulties, you will make great progress. 【答案】submit yourself to 【解析】句意：总之，如果你不向困难屈服，你将取得很大的进步。固定短语submit oneself to sth表示“向……屈服、顺从”，短语里的反身代词 oneself 需要根据主语人称进行变形；本句 if 从句主语是 you，与之匹配的反身代词就是 yourself；don’t后接动词原形，故填submit yourself to。 8. With the limited natural resources, we should __________ to preserve them. 【答案】take action 【解析】句意：由于自然资源有限，我们应该采取行动保护它们。结合preserve them可知，此处指采取行动，动词短语take action“采取行动”符合题意，should后接动词原形，故填take action。 9. Out of curiosity, the child wants to __________ the microscope to see what makes it work. 【答案】take apart 【解析】句意：出于好奇，孩子想把显微镜拆开看看是什么使它工作的。空处作want to的宾语，结合“the microscope to see what makes it work”可推知，动词短语take apart“拆开，拆卸”符合题意，表示想把显微镜拆开看看是什么使它工作的，动词短语want to do sth.意为“想做某事”，take应用原形，故填take apart。 10. Today, health and food safety are viewed as highly important and often placed ________________. 【答案】at the top of the agenda 【解析】句意：今天，健康和食品安全被视为非常重要，并经常被置于议程的首位。分析句子，设空处使用介词短语作主语补足语，at the top of the agenda意为“排在议程的首位”，符合语境，故填at the top of the agenda。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 A Jiezi Ancient Town is located in Chongzhou, Sichuan Province. “Jiezi” means small street. In the Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, it was called “Hengqu”, ___1___ means across Weijiang River. Due to wars, the lively town turned into ___2___ street along the river in 1615 in the Ming Dynasty. The local people set this street a new name “Jiezi Chang” for marketing. Hence, it got “Jiezi”. The town has a combination of mountains and water, and travelers can enjoy ___3___(elegance)natural scenery and historical sites in the same visit. It is famous for its ancient blue-stone roads, ancient houses and locals ___4___ have lived here for generations. The best way to explore it is___5___(simple)wandering around the old streets ___6___(discover)the old shops with old books, handmade straw shoes, old furniture. Immerse(沉浸)yourselves in the old time and relax your eyes by ___7___(overlook)the beautiful mountains. Visitors can see a wealth of relic sites ___8___(distribute)around Jiezi Old Town. It features Guangyan Buddhist Temple, Fengqishan Scenic Spot, Primitive Forest, Millennium gingko tree, well-preserved Qing-dynasty street and 32 temples. Jiezi Ancient Town also proudly serves ___9___ the birthplace of Tang Qiu, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, who ___10___(adopt)the pen name “Gourd Ladle(瓢)”, the special container of his poems. 【答案】 1. which 2. a 3. elegant 4. who 5. simply 6. to discover 7. overlooking 8. distributed 9. as 10. adopted 【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要介绍了位于四川省崇州的“街子”古镇。 1. 考查非限制性定语从句。句意：在唐五代，它被称为“横渠”，意思是横跨味江。先行词为Hengqu，指物，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导，故填which。 2. 考查冠词。句意：由于战乱，这个热闹的小镇在明朝1615年变成了一条沿江的街道。泛指“一条沿江的街道”，所以用不定冠词，street以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a，故填a。 3. 考查形容词。句意：小镇山水相映，游客可以在同一次访问中欣赏优雅的自然风光和历史遗迹。空后是名词短语natural scenery，需要形容词作定语；elegance是名词，用其形容词形式，故填elegant。 4. 考查定语从句。句意：它以古老的青石路、古老的房屋和世世代代居住在这里的当地人而闻名。先行词 locals指人，用关系代词在从句中作主语，故填who。 5. 考查副词。句意：探索它的最好方法就是在古老的街道上闲逛，发现那些卖旧书、手工草鞋和旧家具的老商店。修饰非谓语动词wandering，所以用副词simply“仅仅，简单地”，作状语，故填simply。 6. 考查动词不定式。句意：探索它的最好方法就是在古老的街道上闲逛，发现那些卖旧书、手工草鞋和旧家具的老商店。本句系动词为is，此处为非谓语动词，应用discover的不定式形式，作目的状语，故填to discover。 7. 考查动名词。句意：让自己沉浸在过去的时光中，俯瞰美丽的群山，放松自己的眼睛。作介词by的宾语，所以用overlook“俯瞰”的动名词，故填overlooking。 8. 考查过去分词。句意：游客可以看到丰富的遗迹分布在街子古城周围。本句谓语为can see，此处为非谓语动词，distribute“分配，使分布”和它所修饰的名词短语relic sites是被动关系，所以用过去分词，作后置定语，故填distributed。 9. 考查介词。句意：街子古镇也是唐代著名诗人唐求的出生地，唐求的笔名是“葫芦瓢”，这是他诗歌的特殊容器。结合句意和空前的serves可知，本空填介词as，serve as“充当”，为固定短语，故填as。 10. 考查动词时态。句意：街子古镇也是唐代著名诗人唐求的出生地，唐求的笔名是“葫芦瓢”，这是他诗歌的特殊容器。描述过去的事情，所以用一般过去时态，用adopt“采用”的过去式，故填adopted。 B Lanyue, or Embracing the Moon, first appeared in a poem written by the late Chairman Mao Zedong in 1965. The word “Lanyue” ___1___(symbolize)the Chinese people’s ambition and ___2___(confident)in their exploration of the universe and expedition to the moon. The name of the new crew spaceship is Mengzhou, or Dream Vessel, ___3___ represents its responsibility of fulfilling the Chinese nation’s dream of landing on the moon to start ___4___ new journey of space adventure, according to the agency. It noted that there will be two models of the Mengzhou — one will be used ___5___(transport)astronauts to the moon while the other will replace the current spaceship Shenzhou to ferry crew members between Earth and the Tiangong space station, which ___6___(orbit)around the Earth for about three years. China has announced its plan of conducting its first ___7___(man)mission to the moon around 2030, when the Lanyue lunar lander will have two parts—a landing section and a launching section, weighing approximately 26 tons. It will ___8___(accommodation)two astronauts and a 200-kilogram rover. The Mengzhou spacecraft will also consist ___9___ two major components—a reentry module(返回舱)housing astronauts and serving as the control center for the entire craft during spaceflight, and a service module containing power and propulsion systems. The vehicle will be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter ___10___ weigh 22 metric tons. 【答案】 1. symbolizes 2. confidence 3. which 4. a 5. to transport 6. has been orbiting/has orbited 7. manned 8. accommodate 9. of 10. and 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国公布载人登月着陆器“揽月”和新型载人飞船“梦舟”的名称，展示了其探索宇宙和实现登月梦想的雄心。 1. 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：“揽月”一词象征着中国人民探索宇宙、登月探险的雄心和自信。空处为句子的谓语动词，句子描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语The word “Lanyue”为单数概念，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填symbolizes。 2. 考查名词。句意：同上。根据空前的名词所有格people’s和连词and可知，空处应与名词ambition并列，共同作动词symbolizes的宾语，所以应用confident的名词形式confidence，意为“信心”，为不可数名词，故填confidence。 3. 考查定语从句。句意：据该机构称，新的载人飞船命名为“梦舟”，即“梦想之舟”，它代表着实现中华民族登月梦想、开启太空探险新征程的责任。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the new crew spaceship指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which引导该从句，故填which。 4. 考查冠词。句意：同上。journey为可数名词，此处泛指“一次新的太空探险之旅”，应用不定冠词修饰；空后new的发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a，故填a。 5. 考查非谓语动词。句意：该机构指出，“梦舟”将有两种型号：一种将用于把宇航员送往月球，另一种将取代目前的“神舟”号飞船，在地球和已经绕地球运行了大约三年的天宫空间站之间运送宇航员。句中为固定搭配be used to do sth.“被用来做某事”，故填to transport。 6. 考查动词时态。句意：同上。空处为定语从句的谓语动词，从句主语为which指代的先行词the Tiangong space station，为单数概念；根据时间状语for about three years可知，此处可表示从过去某一时间开始并持续到现在的动作，而且这个动作可能还会持续下去，用现在完成进行时has been orbiting，强调动作的持续性；也可表示这一动作到目前为止持续了近三年，对现在的影响，用现在完成时has orbited，故填has been orbiting/has orbited。 7. 考查形容词。句意：中国已宣布计划在2030年左右进行首次载人登月任务，届时“揽月”登月着陆器将由两部分组成——着陆部分和发射部分，重量约26吨。空处修饰空后名词mission，应用形容词manned作定语，意为“载人的”，故填manned。 8. 考查动词。句意：它可以容纳两名航天员和一台 200 公斤的月球车。情态动词will后面必须接动词原形；accommodation是名词，动词形式为accommodate，意为“容纳”，故填accommodate。 9. 考查介词。句意：“梦舟”飞船也将由两个主要部分组成——一个返回舱，用于容纳宇航员，并在太空飞行期间作为整个飞船的控制中心；一个服务舱，包含动力和推进系统。consist of为固定短语，表示“由……组成”，空处应填介词of，故填of。 10. 考查连词。句意：该飞行器长近9米，直径4.5米，重22公吨。空处连接“be nearly 9 meters in length, 4.5 meters in diameter”和“weigh 22 metric tons”，表示并列关系，应用连词and，故填and。 C Zheng He, originally ___1___(call)Ma Sanbao, was born to a Chinese Muslim family in Kunyang, Yunnan province, China. Ma Sanbao was later given the name Ma He by the Ming military. From an early age Ma He set ___2___ apart through his intelligence and leadership abilities. He received ___3___(literature)and military training and quickly advanced through the ranks in the Ming court. In 1402 the Yongle emperor gave Ma He a new surname, Zheng, and ___4___(choose)him to lead a grand armada(舰队)to the “Western Oceans.” Zheng He’s ___5___(honest), knowledge and diplomatic(外交的)and military skills helped make the seven voyages ___6___ great success. Zheng He’s first two voyages followed familiar trade routes to Southeast Asia and India. He visited ___7___ are now Vietnam, Thailand, the Malaysian port of Melaka and Java, crossed the Indian Ocean to Kozhikode in India, and stopped at Sri Lanka. The rulers he encountered were impressed by his diplomatic skills and the fancy gifts he brought them. They agreed ___8___(send)ambassadors to the Ming court. ___9___(subsequently)voyages took him to Arabia, the eastern coast of Africa, Southeast Asia, and India. Chinese reach to Southeast Asia increased in the wake of these missions, resulting ___10___ trade to China that lasted into the 19th century. 【答案】 1. called 2. himself 3. literary 4. chose 5. honesty 6. a 7. what 8. to send 9. Subsequent 10. in 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了郑和下西洋的路线和意义。 1. 考查非谓语动词。句意：郑和原名马三宝，出生于中国云南昆阳的一个穆斯林家庭。空处作定语修饰Zheng He，Zheng He与call构成逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词作定语，故填called。 2. 考查代词。句意：从很小的时候起，马和就以他的智慧和领导能力脱颖而出。空处表示马三宝，主语和宾语是一个人，用He的反身代词，故填himself。 3. 考查形容词。句意：他接受了文学和军事训练，并迅速在明朝朝廷中晋升。空处与military并列，用形容词作定语，literature对应的形容词为literary，意思为：文学的，故填literary。 4. 考查动词时态。句意：1402年，永乐皇帝给马三宝起了一个新姓“郑”，并任命他率领一支舰队前往“西大洋”。空处作谓语，与gave并列，用一般过去时，故填chose。 5. 考查名词。句意：郑和的诚实、知识以及外交和军事技巧使七次下西洋取得了巨大的成功。空处为名词，与knowledge，skills并列作主语，用honesty，故填honesty。 6. 考查冠词。句意：同上。本句中的success抽象名词具体化为可数名词，意为“(一件)成功的事”，为泛指，用不定冠词，great以辅音音素开始发音，不定冠词用a，故填a。 7. 考查宾语从句。句意：他访问了现在的越南、泰国、马来西亚港口马六甲和爪哇，穿过印度洋到达印度的科日科德，并在斯里兰卡停留。visited为谓语动词，空处引导宾语从句，从句缺少主语，表示“……的地方”，指代物，用连接代词what引导宾语从句，故填what。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：他们同意派大使到明朝朝廷。agree to do意思为：同意做某事，空处用不定式作宾语，故填to send。 9. 考查形容词。句意：随后的航行将他带到阿拉伯半岛、非洲东海岸、东南亚和印度。空后是名词 voyages，需要形容词作定语；subsequently是副词，形容词形式Subsequent，意为“随后的、后续的”，句首首字母大写，故填Subsequent。 10. 考查介词。句意：在这些任务之后，中国人对东南亚的接触增加了，导致与中国的贸易持续到19世纪。result in意思为：导致，固定短语，符合句意，故填in。 D China looks for collaboration to conserve Asian legacy “China hopes to team up with more Asian countries in preserving shared cultural heritage and advancing Asian civilization”, Chang Shan, ___1___ senior Chinese diplomat said at a cultural forum in Selangor, Malaysia, on Thursday. During the forum, Chang spoke about China’s dedication to international cultural heritage protection ___2___ the country’s efforts to integrate domestic ___3___(preserve)with global collaboration. China’s efforts under the UNESCO 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, as well as its roles in the Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia, ___4___(stand)as proof of its commitment so far, Chang said. Chang, ___5___ quoted the “Wangchuan ceremony and related practices” as an example, also spoke about the successful collaboration between China and Malaysia in cultural heritage conservation. The ceremony—a blessing ceremony ___6___(originate)in the southern part of Fujian province before spreading to Malaysia— ___7___(add)to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 2020, thanks to the efforts of both countries. The diplomat reaffirmed(重申)China’s determination ___8___(promote)trans-border exchange and cooperation on cultural heritage protection in Asia, adding that the long-standing traditions of ___9___ (culture)exchanges among countries in the region make that possible. Chang expressed her wish that efforts in cultural heritage protection would continue to play an important role in facilitating people-to-people ___10___ (exchange)and fuel bilateral cooperation. 【答案】 1. a 2. and 3. preservation 4. have stood 5. who 6. originating 7. was added 8. to promote 9. cultural 10. exchanges 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了外交官常姗在文化遗产保护论坛上发言，强调中国希望与更多亚洲国家合作保护共同的文化遗产，推动亚洲文明，并介绍了中国在文化遗产保护方面所做的努力和取得的成果。 1. 考查冠词。句意：周四，中国高级外交官常珊在马来西亚雪兰莪州的一个文化论坛上表示：“中国希望与更多亚洲国家合作，保护共同的文化遗产，推动亚洲文明。”diplomat为可数名词单数，此处泛指一名中国高级外交官，应用不定冠词，且senior为辅音音素开头的单词，应用a，故填a。 2. 考查连词。句意：在论坛上，常珊谈到了中国对国际文化遗产保护的投入以及中国在将国内保护与全球合作相结合方面所做的努力。上文“China’s dedication to international cultural heritage protection(中国对国际文化遗产保护的投入)”与下文“the country’s efforts to integrate domestic(中国在将国内……与全球合作相结合方面所做的努力)”之间为并列关系，作spoke about宾语，应用连词and连接，故填and。 3. 考查名词。句意：同上。空白处在句子中作integrate宾语，使用动词preserve的名词形式preservation，意为“保护”，不可数名词，故填preservation。 4. 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：常珊表示，迄今为止，中国在联合国教科文组织2003年《保护非物质文化遗产公约》下的努力，以及中国在亚洲文化遗产联盟中所扮演的角色，都证明了中国的承诺。stand为句子的谓语，根据时间状语so far可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，谓语动词应用现在完成时，as well as连接China’s efforts以及its roles in the Alliance for Cultural Heritage in Asia作主语，谓语动词与efforts保持一致，谓语动词用复数形式，故填have stood。 5. 考查定语从句。句意：常珊以“王船仪式及相关习俗”为例，还谈到了中马在文化遗产保护方面的成功合作。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Chang，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导，故填who。 6. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这一祈福仪式——起源于福建省南部、后传播至马来西亚的祝福仪式——于2020年被列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，这得益于两国共同努力。空处作非谓语动词，originate与逻辑主语ceremony之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作后置定语，故填originating。 7. 考查动词时态和语态。句意：同上。分析句子可知，add为句子的谓语，根据时间状语in 2020可知，句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词应用一般过去时，主语ceremony和add之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，be动词用was，故填was added。 8. 考查非谓语动词。句意：这位外交官重申了中国推动亚洲文化遗产保护跨境交流与合作的决心，并补充说，该地区国家之间长期存在的文化交流传统使这一决心成为可能。空白处在句子中作后置定语修饰determination，表示“……的决心”，用动词不定式，故填to promote。 9. 考查形容词。句意：同上。修饰名词exchanges应用形容词cultural作定语，故填cultural。 10. 考查名词。句意：常珊表示，希望文化遗产保护工作能继续在促进人文交流、推动双边合作方面发挥重要作用。空白处在句子中作宾语，使用名词，exchange意为“交流”，为可数名词，此处表示泛指，应用复数形式，故填exchanges。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司/ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 考前必记词汇（选择性必修三） Unit 1 Wish you were here 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 n.住处 __________ v.容纳 为……提供住所/宿 迎合；适应 2 n.祖宗，祖先；原种 ________ adj.古代的 3 adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 __________ n.敬畏；了不起；精彩 ________ n.敬畏 _______ adj.可怕的，极坏的，极讨厌的，难受的，非常的 4 adj.植物学的 ________ n.植物学 5 vt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻 __________ n.雕刻品，雕刻图案， 雕刻术 ________ n.雕刻师 6 n.行为规范，道德准则；法规，法典；密码 ________ vt.破译电码 ________ vt.编成密码 7 n.消耗，消耗量；消费 __________ v.消耗；消费 __________ n.消费者，顾客，客户 8 vi.形成对比；vt.对比，对照 n.差异，差别；对照物 __________ adj.极不相同的，迥异的，对比鲜明的 9 n.佳肴；谨慎；敏感 ________ adj.易碎的；纤弱的；精美的；清香的 10 n.离开，起程 ______ v.离开；起程；背离 11 n.最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 ______ adj.深的；深厚的 adv.在深处，深深地 ______ adv.深深地 ______ v.加深，变深，加剧 12 adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 __________ n.不同，明显，有特殊性 __________ adv.清楚地，清晰地，明显地，无意地 __________ adj.独特的，有特色的，与众不同的 __________ n.区别，区分 13 adj.(事物)有活力的；动态的，发展变化的；充满活力的 __________ adv.有活力地，动态地，精力旺盛地，生龙活虎地 14 adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的 __________ adv.优美地，雅致地，高雅地 __________ n.精美；优雅，典雅，高雅 15 adv.种族地 _____ adj.种族的= racial种族的，人种的 16 n.融洽，和睦；和谐 __________ adj.和谐的，和睦的，协调的，悦耳的 17 adv.热切地，专注地 _____ adj.热切的，专注的 _____ adj.强烈的，热切的 18 n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人 _____ adj.较小的；次要的； vi.辅修 n.未成年人，辅修科目，辅修课程 _____ adj.主要的，重要的 vi.主修 __________ n.大多数 19 n.泥，淤泥 __________ adj.泥泞的，肮脏的，污的 20 n.侄女，外甥女 __________ n.侄儿；外甥 21 n.停车；停车位 _____ v.停放；把……停在路边 22 n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 _____ v.具有，拥有，控制，支配__________ adj.占有欲强的，所有格的 23 n.决心，决定；决议；解决 __________ adj.果断的、毅然决然的 __________ v.解决，决定；决心 24 adj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的 __________ adv.华丽地，豪华地，壮观地 __________ n.辉煌，光辉，壮丽，华丽，显赫 25 vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 __________ n.饥饿，挨饿，饿死 __________ adj.饥饿的；挨饿的 26 n.郊区，城外 __________ adj.郊区的 27 adj.周围的，附近的 __________ v.包围；围绕 __________ n.环境，周围的事物 28 vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持 __________ adj.持续的，持久(不变)的，不懈的 __________ adj.可持续的，不破坏生态平衡的 __________ adj.不可持续的；__________ n.可持续性 __________ adj.自我运行的， 自我维持的 29 vi.& vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现 _____ vt.折叠，对折 30 adj.城市的，城镇的 __________ vt.使城市化 __________ adj.城市化了的 __________ n.城市化 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 n.文物，古董；adj.古老的，古董的 2 adj.北极的；n.(the Arctic)北极，北极地区 3 n.烤架；户外烧烤 4 n.厚层；毛毯（笔者注：a wet blanket 扫兴的人） 5 n.国界，边界；vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 6 n.砖块；积木 7 n.串，束；大量 8 n.骆驼 9 vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 10 n.教堂；礼拜 11 n.烹饪，风味；饭菜，菜肴 12 vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点；n.点 13 vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 14 vi.& vt.拍打，摆动；振(翅) 15 n.狐狸；狡猾的人 16 n.家具 17 n.山羊 18 n.细粒，颗粒；谷物 19 n.火腿，火腿肉 20 n.远足，徒步旅行；vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行 21 n.一件商品(或物品)；项目 22 n.羊羔肉；羔羊 23 adj.液体的，液态的；n.液体 24 n.方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 25 adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的 26 adj.极地的；完全相反的 27 n.光线，射线 28 vt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验；n.样本，样品；取样 29 n.香肠，腊肠 30 n.纪念物，纪念品 31 n.雕像，雕塑 32 n.海峡，水道 33 n.(加拿大)地区；领土，领地；领域 34 n.山谷，溪谷 35 n.花瓶，装饰瓶 36 n.幸福，福祉；福利 1 *Celtic 2 *Clovis 3 *dune 4 *fiddle 5 *glacier 6 *hockey 7 *hut 8 *indigenous 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 be home to ... 2 be made out of=be made from 3 be/get stuck in 4 强烈照射，曝晒 5 导致=lead to/result in；引起；发生 6 不足为奇，毫不奇怪 7 可归结为，可归纳为 8 contrast with 9 cut back on 10 have a population of 11 line up 12 live in harmony(with ...) 13 前往……，到……地方去，(艰难地)行进，前进 14 make up 15 set off 16 tower above 17 除了……外(还)；除了……外(都)，要不是 18 着装规定 19 for sure 确定地；无疑地 20 (not)a bed of roses=(not)all roses 21 in turn 22 next to 23 不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远 Unit 2 Out of this world 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 n.缺乏，不存在；缺席 _____ adj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 2 n.行政部门；管理，行政 __________ adj.行政的；管理的__________ n.管理人/者；行政人员/官 3 n.机构；代理处 _____ n.代理人(商)，作用物(者)，(化学)药剂，特务 4 n.助理；售货员；助教 adj.助理的，副的 _____ v.帮助；援助 __________ n.援助，帮助，协助 5 n.天文学家 __________ n.天文学 __________ adj.极其巨大的， 天文(学)的 6 vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事)n.麻烦，困难 __________ adj.烦恼的 7 vt.计算，核算；预测 __________ n.计算；预测；算计 __________ n.计算器 8 adj.固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的 __________ adv.固定地，不变地；连续不断地，重复地 9 n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围 _____ n.覆盖物；封面；掩护物 v.报道；覆盖，遮盖；处理，涉及；包括 10 adj.至关重要的，关键性的 __________ adv.关键地，至关重要地 11 vt.严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练 n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 __________ adj.遵守纪律的，纪律严明的，自律的，受过训练的 __________ adj.有关纪律的，惩戒性的 __________ n.自律 12 n.沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃 _____ adj.脏的 13 vt.评估，估计，评价 __________ n.评价；估价 14 n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道 _____ v.使暴露；使显露；揭发； 使(胶卷)曝光 __________ adj.暴露的，外露的， 无遮蔽的，无保护的 15 vi.飘动，漂流；浮 vt.使浮动，使漂流 __________ adj.不固定的，流动的， 浮动的 16 n.基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会 _________ adj.基本的，基础的，基金的 _____ v.兴建，创建，建立 _____ n.创始人，创立者 17 n.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率 __________ adj.频繁的 __________ adv.频繁地 18 adv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信 __________ adj.极好的；不能相信的，难以置信的 __________ adj.可信的；可接受的 19 n.投资；投入 _____ v.投资；投入 __________ n.投资者 20 n.不常有的乐趣(或享受)；奢侈品 __________ adj.奢侈的，豪华的，惬意；_________ adv.奢侈地，豪华地，惬意地 21 n.维护，保养；维持，保持 __________ v.维护，保养；维持，保持 22 n.机械师，技工 _________ adj.机械的；力学的；呆板的 23 adv.仅仅，只不过 _____ adj.仅仅的；纯粹的 24 n.原因，动机，目的 __________ vt.& vi.作为(某人行为)的动机，激发，激励 __________ n.动力 25 vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 __________ adj.已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的 _______ n.工作；职业；占领；居住； 使用 26 vt.& vi.围绕……运动，沿轨道运行 n.(天体等运行的)轨道 ________ adj.轨道的，(城市)外环路的 27 n.起源，起因；出身 __________ v.发起；开始；起源于 __________ adj.起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n.原著；原作 __________ n.独创性；创造力；新颖 28 adj.永久的，永恒的 __________ n.持久，永久 29 n.辐射，放射线 __________ vt.& vi.(使品质或情感)显出，流露，辐射，放射 __________ n.散热器，暖气片，(车辆或飞机发动机的)冷却器，水箱 30 n.居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避 __________ adj.备受呵护的，受庇护的，受到保护的 31 n.(the universe)宇宙，天地万物 __________ adj.普遍的，通用的，宇宙的，全世界的，全体的，普遍存在的 n.一般概念，普遍性 __________ adv.全体地，一致地，共同地，到处，随时随地，在各种情况下 32 adj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 __________ n.活力 33 adj.看得见的；明显的 __________ n.能见度 __________ adj.看不见的 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 adv.完全；总共；总之 2 n.宇航员，航天员 3 n.天花板；上限 4 n.条件，状况；(__________)境况，(尤指)经济状况 5 vt.包括，包含；组成，构成 6 n.动物，生物；人 7 n.全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队 8 n.壁橱；橱柜，衣柜 9 adv.此外，再者 10 n.重力，地球引力；严重性；严肃 11 n.成套设备，成套工具；配套元件 12 n.闲暇，空闲 13 n.显微镜 14 n.任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务 15 n.蚊子(pl.__________, __________) 16 adj.核能的，原子能的；核武器的 17 n.药丸，药片 18 n.资金，财源；钱包 19 n.火箭；火箭武器 20 vt.& vi.扫描；细看；浏览 n.扫描检查；快速查阅 21 n.故事；讲述，叙述 22 n.望远镜 23 n.管，管子；软管 1 hydrogen 2 *shuttle 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 (be)bathed in 2 (be)caught in 3 使进一步了解…… 4 come to an end 5 depend on/rely on 6 differ from 7 go far beyond 8 为……打下基础 9 long for sth.(long to do sth.) 10 look like 11 make(great)advances in 12 protect...from/against... 13 显而易见的 14 a mass of/masses of 15 at a time 16 in the right direction 17 在这种情况下；既然如此 18 鉴于，考虑到 19 of vital importance 20 with the assistance of Unit 3 Back to the past 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 _______________ n.承认；确认；感谢 2 vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi.领养，收养 _____ adj.被收养的；被采用的，移居的 __________ n.收养；采用，选定，采纳；__________ adj.有收养关系的，收养的 3 vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊 __________ adj.令人感到惊讶/吃惊的；难以置信的 _________ adj.感到十分惊讶的；吃惊的__________ n.惊诧；震惊；吃惊 4 adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的 _____ n.帮助，利益，效用 vt.有用，有益，有帮助，利用 __________ n.可利用性，可利用，可用性，有用(效)性 5 vi.(_____, _____)失血，流血 _____ n.血，血液；血统 __________ n.出血；渗色 6 n.宽度；广泛 _____ adj.广泛的，广阔的，……宽(用于表示距离的量度之后)，宽阔的 __________ v.开阔，拓宽 7 n.对比；比较 __________ v.比较，对比；与……类似；将……比作 __________ adj.比较的，相比的； __________ adj.类似的，可比较的 8 vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 _________ adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 __________ adj.坚信不移的；确信的 9 vi.& vt.离开，起程 __________ n.离开，起程 __________ adj.已故的 10 vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 __________ n.解雇，免职 11 vi.俯冲；跳水；潜水 n.冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水 _____ n.跳水(运动)，潜水 _____ n.潜水员 12 adj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的 __________ n.例外；异议 13 adv.广阔地；广泛地 __________ adj.广泛的；大量的；广阔；__________ n.扩大，拓展；延伸 _____ vi.扩大，拓展；延伸 __________ adj.可延伸的 14 vt.使便利，促进 __________ n.便利，简易化，助长 15 adj.财政的，金融的，财务的 _________ adv.财政上，金融上，经济上 ________ n.财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金 16 vi.& vt.(_____, _____)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵 ________ adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 __________ adj.冰冻的；极冷的 adv.极冷地 n.冰点 __________ n.冰柜，冷冻机，冷冻柜 17 adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 __________ n.融洽，和睦；和谐 __________ adv.和谐地 18 adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的 __________ n.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事 vt.影响，对……起作用 19 vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 __________ n.坚持，坚决要求 __________ adj.坚持的，坚决要求的，持续不断的，反复的 20 vi.漏，渗漏；渗入 vt.漏，渗漏；泄露 n.漏洞 __________ n.渗(泄)漏 21 adj.文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的 __________ n.文学，文学作品 __________ adj.受过教育的；精通文学的 __________ n.读写能力；精通文学 __________ n.学者 22 vt.& vi.装上，装入 n.负载；承载量；大量 _____ v.(从车、船上)卸，取下，推卸(责任)，甩掉(包袱) __________ v.下载 23 n.纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物 __________ adj.难忘的，值得纪念的 _________ n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 __________ vt.记忆；记住 24 vt.航行；导航 vi.导航 __________ n.航行；导航，领航 __________ n.(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者，航海者/家，驾驶员，领航员 25 n.惊恐，恐慌 vi.& vt.(__________, __________)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 __________ adj.恐慌的，焦虑不安的 26 vt.& vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n.包，包裹；小盒，小包 __________ n.包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装 27 n.阴谋；故事情节 vi.& vt.密谋 __________ n.阴谋者，密谋者 28 vi.& vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告 _____ n.祈祷(的行为)；祷告(的内容) 29 n.监狱 __________ n.囚犯，犯人 30 n.证据，证明 _____ vt.证明；检验；显示 vi.证明是 31 vt.改进，改良，改革 n.改革，改良 __________ n.改革者，革新者，改良者 32 adj.盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的 __________ n.皇室成员 33 n.不足，短缺 _____ adj.短的；不足的；矮的，低的 n.短片，短路，短裤 adv.不足，中间(打断)，过早地(终止) _______ vt.缩短；减少；变短 vi.缩短；变短 34 vt.& vi.加强，增强 _____ adj.强壮的 __________ n.优势，强项；力气，力量；实力 35 adj.随后的，后来的 _________ adv.随后，其后；后来，接着 36 vi.轰隆隆地响；打雷 n.雷，雷声 __________ adj.雷鸣的，雷鸣般的 37 adv.猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地 __________ n.暴力；暴行 __________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的 38 n.航海，航行，航天 vi.航行，远行 __________ n.航海家 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 prep.& adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上；上(车、船、飞机等) 2 n.船长，机长；上校；队长 3 n.混乱，杂乱 4 n.织物，布料 5 n.罗盘，指南针；圆规 6 adj.相反的，相对立的；截然不同的 7 n.小屋，村舍 8 vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动 9 n.一段经历，片段；一集 10 n.总体安排，设计；版式 11 vt.密谋，策划；使孵出 vi.孵化；孵出 12 n.臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪恶 13 n.王国；管辖范围 14 n.航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi.& vt.伐木 15 adv.同时；其间；对比之下 16 n.大臣，部长 17 n.海军，海军部队 18 n.产量，输出量 19 n.成语，习语；短语，词组 20 adv.不顾，不加理会 21 n.路线，路途；途径，渠道 22 vt.& vi.擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦 23 n.(pl.__________)(书架等的)架子，搁板 24 n.改变，转移；轮班 vi.& vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 25 vi.& vt.(_____, _____)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 26 n.纺织品；(__________)纺织业 27 n.坟墓 28 n.制服；队服 adj.一致的，统一的 29 n.洗手间，厕所 1 eagle 2 *deck 3 *fleet 4 *hell 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 acknowledge sb./sth. as 2 使成为可能；考虑到；把……计算在内 3 be loaded with 4 carry on with 5 contribute to 6 declare war on/against 7 deliver a speech 8 dismiss sth. as ... 9 get in touch with 10 insist on 11 make one’s bed(make beds) 12 open up 13 pass on 14 pray for 15 search for 16 理顺，整理；把……安排好 17 a total of 18 a shortage of ... 19 与……相反 20 家庭手工业 21 代表(或代替)，为帮助，为了 22 in the meanwhile 23 in panic 24 不管，不顾 25 true to life Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 vt.评估，评定；估算 __________ n.评定；评估 __________ n.评定/评估人 2 n.建筑师；设计师 __________ n.建筑学；建筑风格，建筑式样；架构 __________ adj.建筑的，建筑学的， 建筑方面的 3 vt.使惊叹，使敬畏； n.敬畏，惊叹 _____ adj.极讨厌的；可怕的，惊人的 __________ adv.非常；极其 __________ adj.令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的；使人畏惧的；很好的(或极好玩的等) 4 vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 __________ n.分配；任务 __________ adj.指定的 5 n.文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界 _____ adj.国民的；国家的；民事的 __________ adj.平民的，民用的 n.平民 __________ vt.教化；改善，改进； 使文明，使开化 __________ adj.文明的 6 n.(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 vi.冲突，抵触 __________ adj.自相矛盾的，相互冲突 的 7 n.咨询，商讨；就诊 __________ vt.查阅；商量；向……请教 __________ n.顾问；高级顾问医师，会诊医师 8 n.保护；保持 __________ n.保守派，守旧者 adj.保守的，(英国)保守党的，守旧的 __________ vt.保存，保护，保藏；节约，节省 __________ n.环保主义者，自然资源保护主义者 9 n.合作，协作；协助，配合 __________ vi.合作，配合；协力 _____v adj.合作的，协作的，同心协力的；协助的 10 n.分歧；分开，分隔 __________ v.(使)分开，分成；分配，分担；分隔 11 vi.出现；暴露；露头 __________ adj.新兴的 _________ n.出现，突发事件，紧急情况 __________ adj.新兴的，出现的，突发的，紧急的 12 n.扩展，扩大，膨胀 ________ vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)详谈，详述 __________ adj.广阔的；开朗的 13 vt.(__________,__________; __________, __________)预测，预报 n.预测，预报 __________ n.(尤指)天气预报员，气象预报员；预测者 14 vt.使感到谦卑，使感到自惭 adj.谦虚的，谦卑的 __________ adv.谦虚地 15 n.事件；冲突 _________ adj.偶然的，次要的，附带的 __________ adv.偶然地；顺便提一句 16 adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 _______ adj.可信的，可靠的；可接受的 __________ n.信誉，可信度，可信性，信用，可靠性 __________ n.不能相信；难信；可疑；惊人 __________ adv.令人难以置信地，极其 17 adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的 __________ adv.热切地，专注地，高强度地，强(剧，激)烈地 ________ n.强烈，紧张，剧烈；强度，烈度 18 vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴 __________ n.打扰；插嘴 19 n.迁徙，迁移，移居 __________ v.迁移，(随季节变化)迁徙，移动，转移 20 n.提议，动议；运动；动作 __________ adj.不动的 21 n.操作人员，技工；接线员 _______ v.运转；动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营 __________ n.手术；运转，操作；经营 22 vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 __________ n.维护者 __________ n.保存，保留；保护；防腐；维护，保持 23 adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 __________ adv.最初地；原始地 24 vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐 __________ n.追踪(赶，求)者 __________ n.追求，寻找；追赶，跟踪，追捕；事业，消遣，爱好 25 n.自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留 __________ n.预约，预订；保留 _________ adj.预订的，保留的，预约的 26 adj.华丽的，壮丽的，壮观的，豪华的 __________(AmE __________)n.壮丽，雄伟 27 adj.特别的；专门的；特殊的 __________ n.专家；专科医生 adj.专业的 __________ v.专门从事/研究，专攻 28 vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 __________ adj.顺从的，唯命是从的；听话的，驯服的 __________ n.投降；提交；意见 29 vt.暂停；悬，挂 __________ n.暂令停职(或停学、停赛等)；暂缓，推迟，延期；(车辆减震用的)悬架；悬浮 __________ n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心，焦虑，兴奋，悬念 __________ adj.(故事)悬疑的，充满悬念的 30 adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 __________ adv.紧急地；急迫地 __________ n.紧急；催促 _____ v.催促；极力主张 n.强烈的欲望；冲动 31 n.暴力，暴行；狂热，激情 __________ adj.暴力的，粗暴的；强烈的，剧烈的 _________ adv.猛烈地，强烈地，剧烈地 32 vt.& vi.投票，表决 n.选票；投票 _____ n.(尤指政治性选举的)投票人，选举人/选民，有选举权的人 33 n.毛织物；羊毛 __________ adj.毛纺的；羊毛的 34 n.进入；参与，加入；参赛 _____ vt.进入 __________ n.入口(处)，进入(处)，通道 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 n.计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 2 vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n.禁令 3 n.盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域 4 n.运河 5 n.山洞，洞穴 6 n.黏土，陶土 7 vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒 n.昏倒；倒塌 8 n.棉织物；棉，棉花 9 n.生态，生态学 10 adv.在(或去)别处 11 n.赤道 12 n.费；报酬 13 n.遗产 14 n.倡议，新方案；主动性 15 adj.内部的；国内的 16 n.遗产 17 n.重要阶段，里程碑 18 n.导弹 19 n.钉子；指甲 vt.固定 20 n.结果，效果 21 n.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘 22 n.金字塔 23 vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 24 n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术 25 n.展示的场合；玻璃柜台 26 n.身份，地位；状况，情形 27 n.一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦 1 *Buddhist 2 *corridor 3 *coral 4 *dam 5 *reef 6 *pagoda 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 call for 2 pass on(pass on ... to ...) 3 raise funds 4 serve as 5 submit(oneself)to ... 6 take action 7 take apart 8 take...as an example 9 take one’s breath away 10 成形，有了模样 11 使磨损，使逐渐磨平 12 at the thought of 13 at the top of the agenda 14 for the benefit of 15 in addition to 16 in urgent need of… 17 on purpose 18 in times of crisis 19 the likes of ... 20 (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题06 考前必记词汇（选择性必修三） Unit 1 Wish you were here 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 accommodation n.住处 accommodate v.容纳 为……提供住所 /宿；迎合；适应 2 ancestor n.祖宗，祖先；原种 ancient adj.古代的 3 awesome adj.令人惊叹的，使人惊惧的；很好的 awesomeness n.敬畏；了不起；精彩 awe n.敬畏 awful adj.可怕的，极坏的，极讨厌的，难受的，非常的 4 botanical adj.植物学的 botany n.植物学 5 carve vt.侵蚀，冲刷；雕，刻 carving(s)n.雕刻品，雕刻图案，雕刻术carver n.雕刻师 6 code n.行为规范，道德准则；法规，法典；密码 decode vt.破译电码 encode vt.编成密码 7 consumption n.消耗，消耗量；消费 consume v.消耗；消费 consumer n.消费者，顾客，客户 8 contrast vi.形成对比；vt.对比，对照；n.差异，差别；对照物 contrasting adj.极不相同的，迥异的，对比鲜明的 9 delicacy n.佳肴；谨慎；敏感 delicate adj.易碎的；纤弱的；精美的；清香的 10 departure n.离开，起程 depart v.离开；起程；背离 11 depth n.最深处；深(度)；深刻；深厚 deep adj.深的；深厚的 adv.在深处，深深地 deeply adv.深深地 deepen v.加深，变深，加剧 12 distinct adj.截然不同的，有区别的，不同种类的；清楚的，清晰的 distinctness n.不同，明显，有特殊性 distinctly adv.清楚地，清晰地，明显地，无意地 distinctive adj.独特的，有特色的，与众不同的 distinction(s)n.区别，区分 13 dynamic adj.(事物)有活力的；动态的，发展变化的；充满活力的 dynamically adv.有活力地，动态地，精力旺盛地，生龙活虎地 14 elegant adj.漂亮雅致的，精美的；优美的，文雅的 elegantly adv.优美地，雅致地，高雅地 elegance n.精美；优雅，典雅，高雅 15 ethnically adv.种族地 ethnic adj.种族的= racial种族的，人种的 16 harmony n.融洽，和睦；和谐 harmonious adj.和谐的，和睦的，协调的，悦耳的 17 intently adv.热切地，专注地 intent adj.热切的，专注的 intense adj.强烈的，热切的 18 minority n.少数民族，少数群体；少数，少数人 minor adj.较小的；次要的； vi.辅修 n.未成年人，辅修科目，辅修课程 major adj.主要的，重要的 vi.主修 majority n.大多数 19 mud n.泥，淤泥 muddy adj.泥泞的，肮脏的，污的 20 niece n.侄女，外甥女 nephew n.侄儿；外甥 21 parking n.停车；停车位 park v.停放；把……停在路边 22 possession n.私人物品，个人财产；具有，拥有 possess v.具有，拥有，控制，支配possessive adj.占有欲强的，所有格的 23 resolution n.决心，决定；决议；解决 resolute adj.果断的、毅然决然的 resolve v.解决，决定；决心 24 splendid adj.壮丽的，雄伟的；极佳的，非常好的 splendidly adv.华丽地，豪华地，壮观地 splendour n.辉煌，光辉，壮丽，华丽，显赫 25 starve vi.& vt.(使)饿死，(使)挨饿 starvation n.饥饿，挨饿，饿死 starving adj.饥饿的；挨饿的 26 suburb n.郊区，城外 suburban adj.郊区的 27 surrounding adj.周围的，附近的 surround v.包围；围绕 surroundings n.环境，周围的事物 28 sustain vt.使保持，使稳定持续；维持 sustained adj.持续的，持久(不变)的，不懈的 sustainable adj.可持续的，不破坏生态平衡的 unsustainable adj.不可持续的；sustainability n.可持续性 self-sustaining adj.自我运行的，自我维持的 29 unfold vi.& vt.开花；展开，打开；展示，展现 fold vt.折叠，对折 30 urban adj.城市的，城镇的 urbanize vt.使城市化 urbanized adj.城市化了的 urbanization n.城市化 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 antique n.文物，古董；adj.古老的，古董的 2 Arctic adj.北极的；n.(the Arctic)北极，北极地区 3 barbecue n.烤架；户外烧烤 4 blanket n.厚层；毛毯（笔者注：a wet blanket 扫兴的人） 5 border n.国界，边界；vi.& vt.(与……)接壤 6 brick n.砖块；积木 7 bunch n.串，束；大量 8 camel n.骆驼 9 chew vi.& vt.咀嚼，嚼碎；咬住 10 church n.教堂；礼拜 11 cuisine n.烹饪，风味；饭菜，菜肴 12 dot vt.遍布；使布满，点缀；加点；n.点 13 fetch vt.(去)拿来，(去)请来 14 flap vi.& vt.拍打，摆动；振(翅) 15 fox n.狐狸；狡猾的人 16 furniture n.家具 17 goat n.山羊 18 grain n.细粒，颗粒；谷物 19 ham n.火腿，火腿肉 20 hike n.远足，徒步旅行；vi.& vt.去……远足，做徒步旅行 21 item n.一件商品(或物品)；项目 22 lamb n.羊羔肉；羔羊 23 liquid adj.液体的，液态的；n.液体 24 manner n.方式，方法；举止；(manners)礼貌 25 mighty adj.巨大的，非凡的；强而有力的 26 polar adj.极地的；完全相反的 27 ray n.光线，射线 28 sample vt.尝，品尝，体验；抽样检验；n.样本，样品；取样 29 sausage n.香肠，腊肠 30 souvenir n.纪念物，纪念品 31 statue n.雕像，雕塑 32 strait n.海峡，水道 33 territory n.(加拿大)地区；领土，领地；领域 34 valley n.山谷，溪谷 35 vase n.花瓶，装饰瓶 36 welfare n.幸福，福祉；福利 1 *Celtic adj.凯尔特人的，凯尔特语的 2 *Clovis adj.克洛维斯的 3 *dune n.沙丘 4 *fiddle n.小提琴 5 *glacier n.冰川 6 *hockey n.冰球运动，冰上曲棍球；曲棍球 7 *hut n.(简陋的)小屋，棚屋 8 *indigenous adj.本地的，土生土长的 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 be home to ... ……的所在地 2 be made out of=be made from 由……制成 3 be/get stuck in 陷入；困入 4 beat down 强烈照射，曝晒 5 bring about 导致=lead to/result in；引起；发生 6 come as no surprise 不足为奇，毫不奇怪 7 come down to 可归结为，可归纳为 8 contrast with 与……对比 9 cut back on 削减，缩减；减少 10 have a population of 有……人口 11 line up 使站成一队；使排列成一行 12 live in harmony(with ...) (与……)和睦相处，和睦共处 13 make one’s way to 前往……，到……地方去，(艰难地)行进，前进 14 make up 组成，构成；化妆；弥补；编造，补足/上，和好 15 set off 出发；使爆炸；引发，燃放 16 tower above 远高于，高耸于；远远超过 17 apart from 除了……外(还)；除了……外(都)，要不是 18 dress code 着装规定 19 for sure 确定地；无疑地 20 (not)a bed of roses=(not)all roses (并非)轻松的境况，(并非)令人愉快的情况 21 in turn 依次，轮流；反过来 22 next to 紧靠着 23 off the beaten track 不落俗套，打破常规；远离闹市，偏远 Unit 2 Out of this world 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 absence n.缺乏，不存在；缺席 absent adj.缺席的；不在的；心不在焉的 2 administration n.行政部门；管理，行政 administrative adj.行政的；管理的administrator n.管理人/者；行政人员/官 3 agency n.机构；代理处 agent n.代理人(商)，作用物(者)，(化学)药剂，特务 4 assistant n.助理；售货员；助教；adj.助理的，副的 assist v.帮助；援助 assistance n.援助，帮助，协助 5 astronomer n.天文学家 astronomy n.天文学 astronomical adj.极其巨大的，天文(学)的 6 bother vt.使烦恼，使担心；花费时间精力(做某事)；打扰 vi.花费时间精力(做某事)n.麻烦，困难 bothered adj.烦恼的 7 calculate vt.计算，核算；预测 calculation n.计算；预测；算计 calculator n.计算器 8 constant adj.固定的，不变的；连续发生的，重复的 constantly adv.固定地，不变地；连续不断地，重复地 9 coverage n.新闻报道；覆盖范围；信息范围 cover n.覆盖物；封面；掩护物 v.报道；覆盖，遮盖；处理，涉及；包括 10 crucial adj.至关重要的，关键性的 crucially adv.关键地，至关重要地 11 discipline vt.严格要求(自己)；惩罚；训练 n.训练，纪律；行为准则；自制力 disciplined adj.遵守纪律的，纪律严明的，自律的，受过训练的 disciplinary adj.有关纪律的，惩戒性的 self-discipline n.自律 12 dust n.沙土，尘土；灰尘，尘埃 dusty adj.脏的 13 evaluate vt.评估，估计，评价 evaluation n.评价；估价 14 exposure n.面临，遭受；揭露；报道 expose v.使暴露；使显露；揭发；使(胶卷)曝光 exposed adj.暴露的，外露的，无遮蔽的，无保护的 15 float vi.飘动，漂流；浮 vt.使浮动，使漂流 floating adj.不固定的，流动的，浮动的 16 foundation n.基础，根据；地基；创办；基金会 foundational adj.基本的，基础的，基金的 found v.兴建，创建，建立 founder n.创始人，创立者 17 frequency n.发生率，出现率；频繁；频率 frequent adj.频繁的 frequently adv.频繁地 18 incredibly adv.极其，极端地；令人难以置信 incredible adj.极好的；不能相信的，难以置信的 credible adj.可信的；可接受的 19 investment n.投资；投入 invest v.投资；投入 investor n.投资者 20 luxury n.不常有的乐趣(或享受)；奢侈品 luxurious adj.奢侈的，豪华的，惬意；luxuriously adv.奢侈地，豪华地，惬意地 21 maintenance n.维护，保养；维持，保持 maintain v.维护，保养；维持，保持 22 mechanic n.机械师，技工 mechanical adj.机械的；力学的；呆板的 23 merely adv.仅仅，只不过 mere adj.仅仅的；纯粹的 24 motive n.原因，动机，目的 motivate vt.& vi.作为(某人行为)的动机，激发，激励 motivation n.动力 25 occupy vt.占用，使用；居住；占领，侵占；使忙于 occupied adj.已占用的；无空闲的；使用中的 occupation n.工作；职业；占领；居住；使用 26 orbit vt.& vi.围绕……运动，沿轨道运行 n.(天体等运行的)轨道 orbital adj.轨道的，(城市)外环路的 27 origin n.起源，起因；出身 originate v.发起；开始；起源于 original adj.起初的；原来的；首创的；独创的 n.原著；原作 originality n.独创性；创造力；新颖 28 permanent adj.永久的，永恒的 permanence n.持久，永久 29 radiation n.辐射，放射线 radiate vt.& vi.(使品质或情感)显出，流露，辐射，放射 radiator n.散热器，暖气片，(车辆或飞机发动机的)冷却器，水箱 30 shelter n.居所，住处；庇护 vt.保护，掩蔽 vi.躲避 sheltered adj.备受呵护的，受庇护的，受到保护的 31 universe n.(the universe)宇宙，天地万物 universal adj.普遍的，通用的，宇宙的，全世界的，全体的，普遍存在的 n.一般概念，普遍性 universally adv.全体地，一致地，共同地，到处，随时随地，在各种情况下 32 vital adj.必不可少的，对……极重要的；维持生命所必需的 vitality n.活力 33 visible adj.看得见的；明显的 visibility n.能见度 invisible adj.看不见的 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 altogether adv.完全；总共；总之 2 astronaut n.宇航员，航天员 3 ceiling n.天花板；上限 4 circumstance n.条件，状况；(circumstances)境况，(尤指)经济状况 5 comprise vt.包括，包含；组成，构成 6 creature n.动物，生物；人 7 crew n.全体工作人员；全体乘务人员，全体船员；专业团队 8 cupboard n.壁橱；橱柜，衣柜 9 furthermore adv.此外，再者 10 gravity n.重力，地球引力；严重性；严肃 11 kit n.成套设备，成套工具；配套元件 12 leisure n.闲暇，空闲 13 microscope n.显微镜 14 mission n.任务；使命，天职；军事行动；太空飞行任务 15 mosquito n.蚊子(pl.mosquitoes, mosquitos) 16 nuclear adj.核能的，原子能的；核武器的 17 pill n.药丸，药片 18 purse n.资金，财源；钱包 19 rocket n.火箭；火箭武器 20 scan vt.& vi.扫描；细看；浏览 n.扫描检查；快速查阅 21 tale n.故事；讲述，叙述 22 telescope n.望远镜 23 tube n.管，管子；软管 1 hydrogen n.氢，氢气 2 *shuttle n.航天飞机；来往于两地之间的航班(或班车、火车) vi.频繁往来(于两地之间) 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 (be)bathed in 沐浴在；笼罩在 2 (be)caught in 陷入；困入 3 cast new light on 使进一步了解…… 4 come to an end 结束 5 depend on/rely on 依靠；依赖；取决于 6 differ from 与……不同 7 go far beyond 远超出 8 lay the foundation for 为……打下基础 9 long for sth.(long to do sth.) 渴望某事(渴望做某事) 10 look like 看起来像 11 make(great)advances in 在……方面取得进展(很大进步) 12 protect...from/against... 保护……免遭/免受…… 13 plain to see 显而易见的 14 a mass of/masses of 大量，许多 15 at a time 每次 16 in the right direction 朝着正确的方向 17 in the circumstances 在这种情况下；既然如此 18 in view of 鉴于，考虑到 19 of vital importance 至关重要 20 with the assistance of 在……的帮助下 Unit 3 Back to the past 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 acknowledge vt.承认(权威、地位)；承认(属实)；(公开)感谢 acknowledgement n.承认；确认；感谢 2 adopt vt.采用，采取；表决采纳；领养，收养 vi.领养，收养 adopted adj.被收养的；被采用的，移居的 adoption n.收养；采用，选定，采纳；adoptive adj.有收养关系的，收养的 3 astonish vt.使十分惊讶，使吃惊 astonishing adj.令人感到惊讶/吃惊的；难以置信的 astonished adj.感到十分惊讶的；吃惊的astonishment n.惊诧；震惊；吃惊 4 available adj.可获得的，可找到的；有空的 avail n.帮助，利益，效用 vt.有用，有益，有帮助，利用 availability n.可利用性，可利用，可用性，有用(效)性 5 bleed vi.(bled, bled)失血，流血 blood n.血，血液；血统 bleeding n.出血；渗色 6 breadth n.宽度；广泛 broad adj.广泛的，广阔的，……宽(用于表示距离的量度之后)，宽阔的 broaden v.开阔，拓宽 7 comparison n.对比；比较 compare v.比较，对比；与……类似；将……比作 comparative adj.比较的，相比的；comparable adj.类似的，可比较的 8 convince vt.使确信，使相信；说服，劝说 convincing adj.令人信服的；有说服力的 convinced adj.坚信不移的；确信的 9 depart vi.& vt.离开，起程 departure n.离开，起程 departed adj.已故的 10 dismiss vt.不予考虑，对……不屑一提；去除，摒除；解雇；解散 dismissal n.解雇，免职 11 dive vi.俯冲；跳水；潜水 n.冲，扑，俯冲；潜水；跳水 diving n.跳水(运动)，潜水 diver n.潜水员 12 exceptional adj.杰出的，优秀的；异常的，罕见的 exception n.例外；异议 13 extensively adv.广阔地；广泛地 extensive adj.广泛的；大量的；广阔；extension n.扩大，拓展；延伸 extend vi.扩大，拓展；延伸 extendable adj.可延伸的 14 facilitate vt.使便利，促进 facilitation n.便利，简易化，助长 15 financial adj.财政的，金融的，财务的 financially adv.财政上，金融上，经济上 finance n.财政，金融；资金；财力，财务管理 vt.提供资金 16 freeze vi.& vt.(froze, frozen)突然停止，呆住；结冰；冻僵 frozen adj.结冰的，冰封的；冷冻的；冻僵的 freezing adj.冰冻的；极冷的 adv.极冷地 n.冰点 freezer n.冰柜，冷冻机，冷冻柜 17 harmonious adj.友好和睦的；协调的，和谐的 harmony n.融洽，和睦；和谐 harmoniously adv.和谐地 18 influential adj.有很大影响力的，有支配力的 influence n.影响；势力；感化；有影响的人或事 vt.影响，对……起作用 19 insist vi.& vt.坚决要求，坚持；坚持说 insistence n.坚持，坚决要求 insistent adj.坚持的，坚决要求的，持续不断的，反复的 20 leak vi.漏，渗漏；渗入 vt.漏，渗漏；泄露 n.漏洞 leakage n.渗(泄)漏 21 literary adj.文学的，文学上的；爱好文学的 literature n.文学，文学作品 literate adj.受过教育的；精通文学的literacy n.读写能力；精通文学 literate n.学者 22 load vt.& vi.装上，装入 n.负载；承载量；大量 unload v.(从车、船上)卸，取下，推卸(责任)，甩掉(包袱) download v.下载 23 memorial n.纪念碑(或像等)；纪念物 memorable adj.难忘的，值得纪念的 memory n.记忆力，记性；记忆，回忆 memorize vt.记忆；记住 24 navigate vt.航行；导航 vi.导航 navigation n.航行；导航，领航 navigator n.(飞机、船舶等上的)航行者，航海者/家，驾驶员，领航员 25 panic n.惊恐，恐慌 vi.& vt.(panicked, panicked)(使)惊慌，(使)惊慌失措 panicky adj.恐慌的，焦虑不安的 26 pack vt.& vi.塞进，挤进；装(箱)，收拾；打包；包装 n.包，包裹；小盒，小包(编者注：a pack of 一包) package n.包，盒；包裹；一套，一揽子 vt.将……包装好；包装 27 plot n.阴谋；故事情节 vi.& vt.密谋 plotter n.阴谋者，密谋者 28 pray vi.& vt.企盼，祈求；祈祷，祷告 prayer n.祈祷(的行为)；祷告(的内容) 29 prison n.监狱 prisoner n.囚犯，犯人 30 proof n.证据，证明 prove vt.证明；检验；显示 vi.证明是 31 reform vt.改进，改良，改革 n.改革，改良 reformer n.改革者，革新者，改良者 32 royal adj.盛大的，庄严的；皇家的，王室的 royalty n.皇室成员 33 shortage n.不足，短缺 short adj.短的；不足的；矮的，低的 n.短片，短路，短裤 adv.不足，中间(打断)，过早地(终止) shorten vt.缩短；减少；变短 vi.缩短；变短 34 strengthen vt.& vi.加强，增强 strong adj.强壮的 strength n.优势，强项；力气，力量；实力 35 subsequent adj.随后的，后来的 subsequently adv.随后，其后；后来，接着 36 thunder vi.轰隆隆地响；打雷 n.雷，雷声 thunderous adj.雷鸣的，雷鸣般的 37 violently adv.猛烈地，厉害地；强烈地，激烈地；凶狠地 violence n.暴力；暴行 violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的 38 voyage n.航海，航行，航天 vi.航行，远行 voyager n.航海家 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 aboard prep.& adv.在(车、船、飞机等)上；上(车、船、飞机等) 2 captain n.船长，机长；上校；队长 3 chaos n.混乱，杂乱 4 cloth n.织物，布料 5 compass n.罗盘，指南针；圆规 6 cottage n.小屋，村舍 7 drag vt.拖，拉；缓慢而费力地移动 8 episode n.一段经历，片段；一集 9 format n.总体安排，设计；版式 10 hatch vt.密谋，策划；使孵出 vi.孵化；孵出 11 infamy n.臭名昭著，声名狼藉；恶行，罪恶 12 kingdom n.王国；管辖范围 13 log n.航海日志，正式记录；原木 vi.& vt.伐木 14 meanwhile adv.同时；其间；对比之下 15 minister n.大臣，部长 16 navy n.海军，海军部队 17 output n.产量，输出量 18 phrase n.成语，习语；短语，词组 19 regardless adv.不顾，不加理会 20 route n.路线，路途；途径，渠道 21 rub vt.& vi.擦，磨，搓；(使)相互摩擦 22 shelf n.(pl.shelves)(书架等的)架子，搁板 23 shift n.改变，转移；轮班 vi.& vt.(使)移动，(使)转移；改变 24 sink vi.& vt.(sank, sunk)下沉，沉没；坐下；降低 25 textile n.纺织品；(textiles)纺织业 26 tomb n.坟墓 27 uniform n.制服；队服 adj.一致的，统一的 28 washroom n.洗手间，厕所 1 eagle n.雕 2 *deck n.甲板，舱面 3 *fleet n.舰队；捕鱼船队；车队 4 *hell n.地狱；苦难的经历，悲惨的境况 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 acknowledge sb./sth. as 承认某人/某物是…… 2 allow for 使成为可能；考虑到；把……计算在内 3 be loaded with 满载着/承载/蕴含 4 carry on with 继续 5 contribute to 有助于，促成捐助，捐(款)给，给……投稿，是……的部分原因 6 declare war on/against 对……宣战，向……宣战 7 deliver a speech 发表演讲 8 dismiss sth. as ... 把某事当成……不用考虑 9 get in touch with 和……取得联系 10 insist on 坚持 11 make one’s bed(make beds) 整理床铺 12 open up 敞开心扉，打开，开辟 13 pass on 传递；传下去 14 pray for 祈祷，祈求 15 search for 寻找；搜索 16 sort out 理顺，整理；把……安排好 17 a total of 总共(后面常接由数词修饰的名词) 18 a shortage of ... ……的短缺 19 contrary to 与……相反 20 cottage industry 家庭手工业 21 on behalf of 代表(或代替)，为帮助，为了 22 in the meanwhile 同时=at the same time，在此期间 23 in panic 惊慌地 24 regardless of 不管，不顾 25 true to life 逼真的 Unit 4 Protecting our heritage sites 一、单词梳理 Group 1 序号 原词 词性、词意 词性/形转换 1 assess vt.评估，评定；估算 assessment n.评定；评估 assessor n.评定/评估人 2 architect n.建筑师；设计师 architecture n.建筑学；建筑风格，建筑式样；架构 architectural adj.建筑的，建筑学的，建筑方面的 3 awe vt.使惊叹，使敬畏；n.敬畏，惊叹 awful adj.极讨厌的；可怕的，惊人的 awfully adv.非常；极其 awesome adj.令人惊叹的；令人敬畏的；使人畏惧的；很好的(或极好玩的等) 4 assign vt.指定，指派；分配；确定 assignment n.分配；任务 assigned adj.指定的 5 civilization (also civilisation) n.文明；社会文明；文明社会，文明世界 civil adj.国民的；国家的；民事的 civilian adj.平民的，民用的 n.平民 civilize vt.教化；改善，改进；使文明，使开化 civilized adj.文明的 6 conflict n.(军事)冲突，战斗；争论；矛盾，不一致 vi.冲突，抵触 conflicting adj.自相矛盾的，相互冲突的 7 consultation n.咨询，商讨；就诊 consult vt.查阅；商量；向……请教 consultant n.顾问；高级顾问医师，会诊医师 8 conservation n.保护；保持 conservative n.保守派，守旧者 adj.保守的，(英国)保守党的，守旧的 conserve vt.保存，保护，保藏；节约，节省 conservationists n.环保主义者，自然资源保护主义者 9 cooperation n.合作，协作；协助，配合 cooperate vi.合作，配合；协力 cooperative adj.合作的，协作的，同心协力的；协助的 10 division n.分歧；分开，分隔 divide v.(使)分开，分成；分配，分担；分隔 11 emerge vi.出现；暴露；露头 emerging adj.新兴的 emergency n.出现，突发事件，紧急情况 emergent adj.新兴的，出现的，突发的，紧急的 12 expansion n.扩展，扩大，膨胀 expand vt.& vi.增加，扩大；扩展，发展(业务)详谈，详述 expansive adj.广阔的；开朗的 13 forecast vt.(forecast,forecast;forecasted, forecasted)预测，预报 n.预测，预报 forecaster n.(尤指)天气预报员，气象预报员；预测者 14 humble vt.使感到谦卑，使感到自惭 adj.谦虚的，谦卑的 humbly adv.谦虚地 15 incident n.事件；冲突 incidental adj.偶然的，次要的，附带的 incidentally adv.偶然地；顺便提一句 16 incredible adj.极好的，极大的；不能相信的，难以置信的 credible adj.可信的，可靠的；可接受的 credibility n.信誉，可信度，可信性，信用，可靠性 incredibility n.不能相信；难信；可疑；惊人 incredibly adv.令人难以置信地，极其 17 intense adj.很大的，十分强烈的；有强烈感情的，热切的；激烈的 intensely adv.热切地，专注地，高强度地，强(剧，激)烈地 intensity n.强烈，紧张，剧烈；强度，烈度 18 interrupt vt.打扰，插嘴；使暂停，使中断 vi.打扰，插嘴 interruption n.打扰；插嘴 19 migration n.迁徙，迁移，移居 migrate v.迁移，(随季节变化)迁徙，移动，转移 20 motion n.提议，动议；运动；动作 motionless adj.不动的 21 operator n.操作人员，技工；接线员 operate v.运转；动手术；起作用 vt.操作；经营 operation n.手术；运转，操作；经营 22 preserve vt.维护，保护，保存；维持 preserver n.维护者 preservation n.保存，保留；保护；防腐；维护，保持 23 primitive adj.简陋的，落后的；原始的，远古的 primitively adv.最初地；原始地 24 pursue vt.追求，致力于，执行；追逐 pursuer n.追踪(赶，求)者 pursuit n.追求，寻找；追赶，跟踪，追捕；事业，消遣，爱好 25 reserve n.自然保护区；储备 vt.预订；预留；保留 reservation n.预约，预订；保留 reserved adj.预订的，保留的，预约的 26 splendid adj.华丽的，壮丽的，壮观的，豪华的 splendour(AmE splendor)n.壮丽，雄伟 27 special adj.特别的；专门的；特殊的 specialist n.专家；专科医生 adj.专业的 specialize v.专门从事/研究，专攻 28 submit vt.& vi.提交，呈递；屈服 submissive adj.顺从的，唯命是从的；听话的，驯服的 submission n.投降；提交；意见 29 suspend vt.暂停；悬，挂 suspension n.暂令停职(或停学、停赛等)；暂缓，推迟，延期；(车辆减震用的)悬架；悬浮 suspense n.(对即将发生的事等的)担心，焦虑，兴奋，悬念 suspenseful adj.(故事)悬疑的，充满悬念的 30 urgent adj.紧急的，紧迫的；催促的，急切的 urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地 urgency n.紧急；催促 urge v.催促；极力主张 n.强烈的欲望；冲动 31 violence n.暴力，暴行；狂热，激情 violent adj.暴力的，粗暴的；强烈的，剧烈的 violently adv.猛烈地，强烈地，剧烈地 32 vote vt.& vi.投票，表决 n.选票；投票 voter n.(尤指政治性选举的)投票人，选举人/选民，有选举权的人 33 wool n.毛织物；羊毛 woollen/woolen adj.毛纺的；羊毛的 34 entry n.进入；参与，加入；参赛 enter vt.进入 entrance n.入口(处)，进入(处)，通道 Group 2 序号 原词 词性、词意 1 agenda n.计划，方案；议程表，议事日程 2 ban vt.明令禁止，取缔；禁止做某事 n.禁令 3 basin n.盆地；洗脸盆；盆；流域 4 canal n.运河 5 cave n.山洞，洞穴 6 clay n.黏土，陶土 7 collapse vi.倒塌，坍塌；昏倒 n.昏倒；倒塌 8 cotton n.棉织物；棉，棉花 9 ecology n.生态，生态学 10 elsewhere adv.在(或去)别处 11 equator n.赤道 12 fee n.费；报酬 13 heritage n.遗产 14 initiative n.倡议，新方案；主动性 15 internal adj.内部的；国内的 16 legacy n.遗产 17 milestone n.重要阶段，里程碑 18 missile n.导弹 19 nail n.钉子；指甲 vt.固定 20 outcome n.结果，效果 21 panel n.专家咨询组，讨论小组；嵌板；仪表盘 22 pyramid n.金字塔 23 ruin vt.破坏，毁坏；使破产，毁灭 n.毁坏，毁灭；破产；残垣断壁 24 sculpture n.雕像，雕塑品；雕刻术 25 showcase n.展示的场合；玻璃柜台 26 status n.身份，地位；状况，情形 27 string n.一批，一连串，一系列；线；弦 1 *Buddhist adj.佛教的 n.佛教徒 2 *corridor n.走廊，地带；通道 3 *coral n.珊瑚 adj.珊瑚色的 4 *dam n.水坝 5 *reef n.礁，礁脉 6 *pagoda n.佛塔 二、重要短语梳理 序 号 英语短语 汉语意义 1 call for 提倡，呼吁，(公开)要求，需要 2 pass on(pass on ... to ...) 传递，传下去(把……传递给) 3 raise funds 筹集资金 4 serve as 充当 5 submit(oneself)to ... 甘受……的摆布；服从/屈服于…… 6 take action 采取行动 7 take apart 拆开 8 take...as an example 以……为例 9 take one’s breath away 令人惊叹；让人叹绝 10 take shape 成形，有了模样 11 wear down 使磨损，使逐渐磨平 12 at the thought of 一想到 13 at the top of the agenda 当务之急；排在议程的首位 14 for the benefit of 为了……的利益 15 in addition to 此外 16 in urgent need of… 急需…… 17 on purpose 故意地 18 in times of crisis 在危急时刻 19 the likes of ... 像……这样的人/东西 20 wear and tear (正常使用造成的)磨损，损耗 第 1 页 共 13 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $