上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. which 2. released 3. is 4. to keep 5. are being introduced/are introduced 6. although 7. planning 8. They 9. to 10. how Section B 11. A 12. H 13. B 14. E 15. C 16. D 17. K 18. J 19. I 20. F II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. D 23. D 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. B 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. B 35. C Section B 36. A 37. D 38. B 39. D 40. C 41. B 42. C 43. D 44. C 45. A 46. A Section C 47. C 48. E 49. A 50. B III. Summary Writing 51. Food security refers to the availability of and access to food. Although global food production has risen, about 852 million people still suffer from long-term starvation, and up to 2 billion face occasional insecurity. Asia holds the largest number of the undernourished, whereas Africa has the highest proportion. FAO stresses that boosting agriculture and population control are essential. IV. Translation 52. This cafe reminds me of the teahouses in the 1950s and 1960s. 53. The biggest challenge may lie in how to rebuild employees’ confidence in the company. 54. The coach is not only strict with the children, but also spares no effort to protect their love for football. 55. Fifty years ago, this area was a beach rarely visited by tourists, forming a sharp contrast to the present scene of so many tourists. V. Guided Writing 56. The Rational Approach to Decision Making Decision-making, especially when confronted with a genuine dilemma, is an inevitable challenge in our lives. In such bewildering situations, I always rely on rational analysis to guide my final choice. When facing difficult choices, my primary guiding principle is to objectively weigh the pros and cons rather than acting on impulsive emotions. I usually make a detailed list to visualize potential outcomes and evaluate the long-term consequences. A concrete example is my choice between the debate club and the drama club last year. Although I loved acting, I ultimately opted for debate, realizing it would better hone my critical thinking and public speaking skills, which are crucial for my future career. To summarize, evaluating the long-term impacts of each option is the most effective factor in my decision-making process. This logical framework ensures that my choices align with my ultimate life goals. 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科1月第一次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. Should the Star Wars films be watched in story order? The debate over the best order in which to watch the Star Wars films is not a new one among fans. Star Wars actor Mark Hamill, who played Luke Skywalker, was asked the order in 1          he would watch the films and replied, "I always think the way they were released," which means starting with Episode IV-A New Hope, 2          (release) in 1977. On the other hand, George Lucas, the creator of Star Wars, has said that he thinks following the story 3          (be) the best way to watch the films, which would mean starting with 1999's Episode I--The Phantom Menace. So should the films be watched in story order? Yes--start at the beginning of the story The Star Wars universe is massive, and there's a lot 4          (keep) up with. Watching them in story order, starting with Episode I-The Phantom Menace, is the best way to avoid getting confused. We all read a book from beginning to end, so why wouldn't you follow a film series the same way? Today, lots of young people 5          (introduce) to the Star Wars universe through the release of the newer films; watching all of them in story order is the easiest way to get up to speed beforehand. Best of all, Episode I-The Phantom Menace, 6          criticised by some adult fans, is the most child-friendly of the lot and makes a good starting point for younger viewers. No--you'll miss out on clever references Anyone 7          (plan) to watch all the Star Wars films and get up to "light speed" with Star Wars should begin with the first three films. 8          made the series what it is today. If you start with 1999's Episode I-The Phantom Menace, you'll miss lots of clever references 9          the original films because you haven't watched them in the order they were created. By starting with the original 1977 films you're seeing the true progression of Star Wars, from early models and costumes to today's CGI (computer-generated imagery) magic. Besides, watching them in date order was probably 10          your parents viewed the series. If you watch them in the same order, that's something you can share together. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. abandoned B. approached C. association D. exceptionally E. overthrew F. principles G. qualified H. responsible I. sensible J. single-handedly K. unpleasant Waists of Time Resolutions and Jan. 1 have an attraction for one another. The resolution most often cited, "to go on a diet," also happens to be one most quickly 11         . According to a 2013 British study, two out of five dieters don't make it beyond the first week. The problem isn't that people are lazy or spoiled. It's that the purpose of a diet has become isolated from its original intentions. The ancient Greeks were largely 12          for the concept. "Diatia" means "way of life". How a person 13          the business of eating was as important as what entered his stomach. Balance, self-control and proper order were thought to be three key aspects to living the good life. Some early Christians 14          the classical concept of the good diet. Their eagerness for purity and fasting turned the body into another battleground in the war between good and evil. By the 18th century the 15          of goodness with thinness had become a fact of life. As Jane Austen (1775–1817) admitted in the novel Persuasion, it was difficult to take a fat person seriously. Perhaps that is why Lord Byron (1788–1824), who took himself 16          seriously, became so crazy about being skinny. His gift to culture—apart from his writing—was an extremely 17          diet of flattened potatoes stored in vinegar (醋). He 18          made the pale and skinny look so popular among devotees of romanticism. 19          writers like William Banting (1797–1878) who recognized the dangers of rich and sugary food. But it was the charlatans (庸医) and their snake-oil medicine that grew rapidly in the 20th century. Yet it's never too late to return to the first 20          behind diatia. As Hesiod, the 8th-century B.C. poet, said: "Moderation is best in all things." II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. "Where words fail, music speaks." Though these words, from the pen of Hans Christian Andersen, are appealing, the idea that there might be something 21          in music which goes beyond cultural boundaries has generally been met with doubt by scholars working in the field. That doubt may, however, be groundless, for research published in Current Biology this week by Samuel Mehr and Manvir Singh of Harvard University provides evidence that music does indeed 22          the communication of simple ideas between people even when they have no language in common. To confirm this, the two researchers recruited 750 online volunteers from 60 countries. They played these volunteers 36 musical pieces, each 14 seconds long, and each drawn at random from one of 118 songs in a collection of the music of small-scale societies around the world. Given the broad range of cultures and languages 23          in the collection, and the diversity of the volunteers, Dr Mehr and Mr Singh could be reasonably certain that those listening were both 24          with the music and unable to understand the lyrics (歌词) in question. After each piece had been played, volunteers were asked what they thought the song's 25          was, and how sure they were of that on a scale of one to six. The possibilities offered were: "for dancing"; "for comforting a baby"; "for healing illness"; "for expressing love for another"; "for remembering the dead"; and "for telling a story". 'The first four of these were real functions, as 26          by the people from whom the song in question had been collected. The last two were 27         , and were included as foils (陪衬者). Dr Mehr and Mr Singh found that volunteers' 28          of a song's function were generally in good agreement with its actual function - with one exception. Dance songs were particularly 29          to identify. They rated 2.18 points higher on the certainty scale as being used "for dancing" than lullabies (摇篮曲) did; 1.38 points higher than love songs; and 1.09 points higher than healing songs. 30         , lullabies were rated 1.53 points higher than dance songs as being "to comfort a baby", 1.42 points higher than healing songs and 1.19 points higher than love songs. Healing songs proved a bit more 31         . They scored only 0.47 and 0.31 points higher than dance and love songs respectively for "to heal illness", and were statistically indistinguishable from lullabies. The 32         , though, was love songs. Listeners could distinguish them from healing songs, but not from lullabies or dance songs. Why love songs were hard to identify is 33         . Because such songs involve showing off to the object of one's affections, they may require more creativity, and thus generate more 34          than lullabies or dance songs. Perhaps the fact that both dancing and cooing (温柔地说话) are involved in romance 35          listeners. Love songs aside, however, Andersen was clearly onto something. 21. A. universal B. similar C. elegant D. innovative 22. A. weaken B. teach C. explain D. permit 23. A. concealed B. instructed C. arranged D. represented 24. A. unpopular B. unfamiliar C. dissatisfied D. disconnected 25. A. origin B. rhythm C. function D. relevance 26. A. consumed B. controlled C. excluded D. stated 27. A. taken off B. made up C. looked into D. set about 28. A. perceptions B. experiences C. memories D. methods 29. A. hard B. necessary C. inadequate D. easy 30. A. Similarly B. Consequently C. Instead D. Fortunately 31. A. troublesome B. distinguishable C. pleasant D. theoretical 32. A. agreement B. exception C. mission D. pattern 33. A. different B. certain C. unclear D. abnormal 34. A. energy B. variety C. interest D. profit 35. A. satisfied B. disappointed C. confused D. relieved Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） At the Smithsonian National Museum of the American Indian, there was a pair of snow goggles made from the whale baleen. This style of eyewear, which protects eyes from injury, can even improve vision, as Ann Fienup-Riordan, a researcher at the museum, discovered one day in 2010. As a scientist who works with the Yupik people, Alaska's inhabitants, to develop exhibits and books about their culture, she had recently undergone surgery on her eyes, and "the vision in my right eye was still pretty poor," she says. But when she held the Yupik goggles up to her eyes? "I could see!" What was going on? It turns out the slit cut into the goggles focuses the light, much as a camera does. As a result, far-off objects appear sharper "and your vision was much, much better," Fienup-Riordan says. The gear shows exceptional engineering talent. The Yupik language does not have a word for "science", but the Yupik people have had a grasp of the physics, biology and chemistry that govern the natural world. They use every material they can get their hands on to craft tools and clothing that help them survive a challenging environment. To keep warm indoors, they designed an entrance to their wooden houses that tunnels downward in a U shape. Since warm air rises, it cannot escape through the underground exit. To keep dry they created a waterproof lining out of fish skins. Out hunting and fishing, the Yupik people always carry a negcik, a wooden walking stick with a bone hook attached to the end. It has various uses: taking items out of boats, protecting yourself from bears, or pulling yourself out of freezing water if you're unlucky enough to fall in. "Our ancestors were so creative in making hunting tools," a Yupik elder named Willie Kamkoff once told Fienup-Riordan. Paul John, a Yupik elder who lives in Toksook Bay, says, "One can see their intelligence through their things." Some Yupik elders worry that reliance on modern Western goods and urban life is dimming reliance on creative traditions. But Fienup-Riordan believes that enough people are still hunting and fishing to preserve essential techniques. A new issue is emerging, though, one that is disrupting generations-old seasonal patterns. "The ocean isn't freezing up the way it did in the past," she says. "Freeze-up is later in the fall. And break-up is much earlier in the spring. It's really extraordinary." After thousands of years of inventively surviving a subzero world, the Yupik people have a new engineering challenge: adapting to a warmer one. 36. What did Ann Fienup-Riordan find about the Yupik goggles? A. They can improve vision. B. They can protect eyes from injury. C. They are made from the whale baleen. D. They are used by the Yupik people as a camera. 37. Paragraph 4 is mainly intended to A. show that the Yupik people are good at making tools out of wood B. explain why the Yupik language does not have a word for "science" C. highlight the Yupik people's talent in turning waste into useful tools D. give examples of the Yupik people's innovative solutions for survival 38. According to Ann Fienup-Riordan, what new challenge is the Yupik people faced with now? A. Living conditions in a subzero world. B. The changing environmental patterns. C. The disappearance of creative traditions. D. Reliance on modern western goods and urban life. 39. What is the passage mainly about? A. The museum that shows the Yupik's people's talent. B. The history of the Yupik people's survival and evolution. C. The researcher who is dedicated to studying the Yupik culture. D. The Yupik people's creativity in adapting to their environment. （B） A Crash Course in Commencement Speeches Why is it called a "commencement speech"? The historical answer is that students in medieval times entered universities as apprentices (学徒) and left able to "commence" their professions. The word commencement isn't the only thing passed down from graduation ceremonies of the past. We've also kept the caps, the gowns, and, yes, the speeches. The earliest commencement speakers were graduating students who delivered their speeches in Latin. At Princeton University, the senior chosen to give the opening address still does it in Latin. The graduates receive special copies of the speech with instructions--in English-on when to laugh, in the hope that the rest of the audience will be impressed with the students' Latin "fluency." Many colleges extend invitations to potential speakers a year or more in advance, but securing a speaker early doesn't make a school escape a last-minute scramble. Just a month before its 2015 ceremony, Temple University announced that ESPN anchor Kevin Negandhi would give the commencement address in place of the school's original pick- Bill Cosby. You don't have to be human to give a graduation speech. Kermit the Frog gave the commencement address at Southampton College in 1996 and received an honorary doctorate in "Amphibious Letters" from the school. In 2012 at the University of Vermont, Tom Kenny and Bill Fagerbakke delivered their speech as a dialogue between their better-known characters, SpongeBob SquarePants and Patrick Star. One of the most celebrated commencement speakers of late was billionaire investor Robert F. Smith, who gave the address at Morehouse College in 2019. Smith offered more than just words of encouragement. He promised to pay off the student debt of all 396 graduates. Months later, Smith announced he would also foot the bill for the federal student loans their parents had taken out. 40. Where are you most likely to hear a commencement speech? A. At a university's alumni gathering. B. At a university's opening ceremony. C. At a university's graduation ceremony. D. At a university's scholar-awarding ceremony. 41. The word "scramble" (paragraph 3) is closest in meaning to "____" A. promise B. change C. rumor D. conclusion 42. Which of the following statements is true of "commencement speeches"? A. They are still delivered in Latin at Princeton University. B. They are usually given by graduating students. C. The speakers can be non-human characters. D. The speakers often make some promises. （C） The most distractingly unrealistic feature of most science fiction—by some margin—is how the great flying cities of the future never seem to struggle with traffic. Futurists seem confident we can sort out congestion. If hope that technology will fix traffic springs eternal, history suggests something different. Transport innovation, from railways to cars, reshaped cities and drove economic advance. But it also brought crowded traffic. Now, as tech firms and carmakers aim to roll out driverless cars, it is worth asking: might this time be different? Alas, artificial intelligence (AI) is unlikely to succeed where railways and cars failed. Of course, new transport technologies are not useless. Railways and highways allowed big cities to get bigger. When the New York subway extended into northern Manhattan, it became practical to live far from the dirty, expensive, crowded downtown area, while still enjoying access to the city's social and economic benefits. So the city's population rose—a lot—leaving New Yorkers once more crowded. A post-war highway-building boom in America led to explosive growth in city suburbs. Cities once again found their balance, however, as the suburban land rush led to road congestion, raising the cost of living far from employment centres. In a paper published in 2011, Gilles Duranton, of the University of Pennsylvania, and Matthew Turner, of Brown University, identified a "fundamental law of road congestion": namely, that building more highways does not reduce congestion. Rather, it attracts more residents, leads to more driving by existing residents and boosts transport-intensive economic activity, until roads are once again crowded. Driverless cars should cut traffic, other things being equal. Lower accident rates will mean fewer crash-related hold-ups, while AIs that can pilot cars more closely together will boost road capacity. But reductions in traffic will make living in currently congested areas more attractive and hence more densely populated. Miles travelled per person might also rise, since self-driving technology frees passengers to use travel time for work or sleep. And just as new highways help increase transport-intensive business, driverless vehicles could give rise to lots of new road-using activity. Where now a worker might pop into the coffee shop before going to work, for example, a coffee might soon be delivered in a driverless vehicle. The technology of driverless cars may make us safer and more productive, but not necessarily help reduce traffic. 43. The phrase "springs eternal" in paragraph 1 most probably means ______. A. gets fulfilled B. varies with the season C. becomes heated D. lasts forever 44. What can be inferred from paragraph 2? A. Living far from the downtown area means being away from the city's social benefits. B. Expanding a city proves to be an unwise way to reduce people's cost of living. C. The congestion-easing benefits of new transport technology are temporary. D. Building more highways doesn't always help a city's economy to develop. 45. According to the writer, what will happen thanks to driverless cars? A. Fewer accidents will happen. B. More people will choose to drive. C. There will be more road capacity. D. More people will live in the suburbs. 46. Which of the following statements best summarizes the writer's opinion of driverless cars? A. They can't fundamentally solve the current traffic problem. B. They will help promote the development of artificial intelligence. C. They can increase productivity by reducing people's time on the road. D. They won't increase transport-intensive business as much as highways do. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. Is Science Actually "Right"? A. The good news is that when that happens, we pick ourselves up, brush ourselves off, and get back to work. B. Scientific theories are not perfect reflections of reality. C. One popular move is to insist that science is right and that once we discover the truth about the world, that's it. D. A popular move is that you can't build trust if the things you are saying are not trustworthy. E. But we can never actually agree on what that method is. F. However, are scientific methods really scientific? The Covid crisis has led many scientists to take up arms (or at least keyboards) to defend their enterprise--and to be sure, science needs defenders these days. But while fighting back against science denial, some scientists say things that just aren't true. 47          We are done. Anyone who denies such truths is stupid or ignorant. Well, no. Even a modest familiarity with the history of science offers many examples of matters that scientists thought they had resolved, only to discover that they needed to be reconsidered. Some familiar examples are Earth as the center of the universe, the absolute nature of time and space, and the stability of continents. Another popular move is to say scientific findings are true because scientists use "the scientific method." 48          Some will say it is empiricism: observation and description of the world. Others will say it is the experimental method: the use of experience and experiment to test hypotheses (假设). (This is cast sometimes as the hypothetico-deductive 演绎的) method, in which the experiment must be framed as a deduction from theory, and sometimes as falsification, where the point of observation and experiment is to prove these theories false.) In my view, the biggest mistake scientists make is to claim that this is all somehow simple and therefore to imply that anyone who doesn't get it is dumb. Yet science is not simple, and neither is the natural world; therein lies the greatest challenge of science communication. What we do is both hard and, often, hard to explain. Our efforts to understand and characterize the natural world are just that: efforts. Because we're human, we often fall flat. 49          Understanding the beautiful, complex world we live in, and using that knowledge to do useful things, is its own reward. 50          However, we have good reason to believe that they capture significant elements of it. And experience reminds us that when we ignore reality, it sooner or later comes back to bite us. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Food Security Food security refers to the availability of food and one's access to it. A household is considered food-secure when its occupants do not live in hunger or fear of starvation. According to the World Resources Institute, global per capita food production has been increasing substantially for the past several decades. Worldwide, around 852 million people are suffering from long-term starvation due to extreme poverty, while up to 2 billion people lack food security occasionally due to varying degrees of poverty (source: Food and Agriculture Organisation, 2003). As of late 2007, export restrictions and panic buying, US Dollar Depreciation, increased farming for use in biofuels, world oil prices at more than $100 a barrel, global population growth, climate change, and loss of agricultural land to residential and industrial development are claimed to have pushed up the price of grain. The number of people without enough food to eat on a regular basis remains high, at over 800 million, and is not falling significantly. Over 60% of the world's undernourished people live in Asia, and a quarter in Africa. The proportion of people who are hungry, however, is greater in Africa (33%) than Asia (16%). The latest FAO figures indicate that there are 22 countries, 16 of which are in Africa, in which the undernourishment rate is over 35%. In its "The State of Food Insecurity in the World 2003," FAO states that: "In general the countries that succeeded in reducing hunger were characterised by more rapid growth in their agricultural sectors." So, according to FAO, addressing agriculture and population growth is vital to achieving food security. Other organisations, and experts such as the philosopher Peter Singer, have also come to this conclusion and advocate improvements in agriculture and population control. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 这家咖啡馆让我想起了二十世纪五六十年代的茶馆。(remind) 53. 最大挑战可能在于如何重塑员工对公司的信心。(lie) 54. 这位教练既对孩子们要求严格，不遗余力地呵护着他们对足球的热爱。(effort) 55. 50年前，这里还是人迹罕至的海滩，与今天的游人如此迥然不同。(contrast) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，最近你校英语报正在进行主题为 "Decision Making" 的征文，你对此很感兴趣，决定写一篇文章投稿，内容须包括: 在无法抉择的情况下，通常是什么因素帮助你做出最后的决定； 用一个具体的例子说明你的观点。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $