上海复旦大学附属中学2024-2025学年第一学期高二年级英语学科12月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷

复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科12月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank. It takes cockatoo to tango Birds just want to have fun! Snowball the cockatoo, who first 1          (gain) internet fame in 2007 dancing to the Backstreet Boys' Everybody (Backstreet's Back), has been shaking a tail feather for science. The researchers, from Tufts University and Harvard University in the US, were trying 2          (understand) why he can move to the beat when primates such as gorillas and chimpanzees, humans' closest relatives, can't. Snowball displayed 3          impressive range of 14 different dance moves, plus two combined moves. While 4          (dance) to 80s classics Another One Bites The Dust and Girls Just Wanna Have Fun, the cockatoo bounced, lifted his foot, posed with his crest raised, did some headbanging and even showed off a move 5          (call) 'voguing' by the researchers. "What interests us most is the diversity of his movements to music," said Prof Aniruddh Patel, who took part in the research. The team says that Snowball's ability to come up with new moves, as well as his ability to perform a different dance 6          he hears a song, shows flexibility and creativity. So why 7          humans and cockatoos dance, while gorillas and chimps can't even tap their feet to the beat? It comes down to the fact that we share a number of features with the birds, such as the ability to learn and copy voices, imitate movement, and form long-term relationships, all of 8          add up to a fondness for moving to the music, the team say. For us, dancing is a social activity, and we're more likely to dance in a group than 9          our own. The researchers now want to find out 10          the same is true for Snowball. Section B Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need. A. approach B. bare C. consistent D. covered E. economies F. hit G. record H. set I. stormed J. tough K. updates Hopes Lift at Ski Resorts The weather has been so warm, and snow so scarce, that Windham Mountain Resort in the Catskills opened its chairlifts to mountain bikers last weekend instead of skiers. Ski resorts and their fans in the Northeast are hoping for a much better January. It has been a(n) 11          season. Judging by listings on Sno-country.com, which provides 12          on the slopes (山坡), roughly half of the ski areas in the Northeast haven't opened yet for skiers but aim to do so soon. Snow making equipment needs temperatures in the high 20s or below. At Windham, eight rails (滑道) out of 54 had enough snow to open on Friday, but Chip Seamans, general manager at Windham, predicted many more will be 13          next weekend. "It looks like finally tonight and tomorrow and into next week we'll get some 14          cold so we're very excited," Mr. Seamans said. Last month was the warmest December on 15          in Central Park, according to the National Weather Service. Last month the average daily temperature in New York City 16          50.8 degrees, which is 13.3 degrees warmer than normal. Last month beat the previous December record of 44.1 degrees, 17          in 2001. Tyler Fairbank, chief executive of the Fairbank Group, said the ski industry overall typically did 20% to 25% of its business over the Christmas holidays so the 18          slopes had a terrible impact. It also hurt hotels, equipment stores and local 19         . Mr. Fairbank said about 25% to 30% of the slopes were open at his group's mountains and he expected that to rise to 70% in a week. The National Weather Service predicted Friday's late night lows would range from the mid-20s inland to the lower 30s for New York City. It said a cold front would 20          Sunday evening, with the chilliest air of the season thus far coming on Monday. II. Reading Comprehension Section A Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context. AI-driven algorithms (算法) are increasingly impacting our everyday lives. They 21          making decisions in different areas that range from advertising products to diagnosing medical conditions. It's already clear that the impact of such systems cannot be understood 22          by examining the underlying code or even the data used to build them. We must look to 23          for answers as well. Two recent studies do exactly that. The first is an Ipsos Mori survey of more than 19,000 people across 28 countries on public attitudes to AI, the second a University of Tokyo study investigating Japanese people's views on AI usage. By inviting those with 24          experiences to participate, both capture the mood among those researching the impact of artificial intelligence. The Ipsos Mori survey found that 60 per cent of adults 25          that products and services using AI will deeply change their daily lives in the next three to five years. Latin Americans in particular think AI will lead to changes in 26          needs such as education and employment, while Chinese respondents were most likely to believe it would change transportation and their homes. The geographic and demographic (人口的) differences in both surveys are revealing. 27          about half said AI technology has more benefits than drawbacks, while two-thirds felt worried about its impact on their individual freedom and legal rights. But figures for countries show a significant 28          within this. Citizens from non-western countries were much more likely to "have a 29          outlook on the impact of AI-powered products and services in their lives". Large majorities in China (76 per cent) and India (68 per cent) said they trusted AI companies. 30          only 35 per cent in the UK, France and US expressed similar trust. The surveys underline the importance of AI designers 31          that we don't all have the same understanding of the world. But they're less insightful about why difference exists. "This is really necessary to understand because of the 32          that often exists between the demographics developing AI and those impacted by it," says Reema Patel, Ipsos Mori's incoming head of deliberative engagement. She is pointing to the fact that recent innovation in tech has been very much 33         , with AI systems designed largely by male computer scientists in Silicon Valley and China. To identify harms and improve 34         , Patel argues, developers and policymakers need to think more about how to involve people in the design and life cycle of algorithms. Tabitha Goldstaub, the chair of the UK government's AI council, says the studies are a "call to arms" for companies and governments building AI systems. "AI designers need to understand what people want, on a 35          human level, not just what they think they need," she says. 21. A. assist in B. depend on C. look at D. wait for 22. A. recently B. seriously C. simply D. possibly 23. A. people B. systems C. data D. designers 24. A. shared B. work C. education D. lived 25. A. doubt B. expect C. remember D. prove 26. A. learning B. public C. security D. social 27. A. Unfortunately B. Globally C. Similarly D. Ultimately 28. A. framework B. decision C. difference D. influence 29. A. renewed B. scientific C. stable D. positive 30. A. In summary B. In turn C. In contrast D. In particular 31. A. objecting B. recognizing C. implying D. hoping 32. A. link B. balance C. period D. gap 33. A. short-term B. well-known C. top-down D. large-scale 34. A. reputations B. benefits C. accesses D. conditions 35. A. fundamental B. professional C. conceptual D. financial Section B Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read. （A） The last time the horse seriously competed with man-made transport for speed was 1830, when a stagecoach won a race against America's first domestically manufactured steam locomotive (蒸汽机车). Now the horse has emerged victorious over what is in theory a far more powerful opponent -the broadband internet connection. The contest over the gently rolling hills of the Sauerland, a pretty district in western Germany, started as a joke. Klaus-Peter Kappest, a photographer from Oberkirchen, had been frustrated for years by the slow pace of his uploads. At 15 megabits (兆比特，一种信息量单位) per second, it sometimes took him several hours to send a batch of high-resolution images to his clients. One day Mr Kappest, 52, was chatting to his colleagues at Woll, a local magazine. He suggested that he would be better off delivering his photographs by horse. "That was the most reliable communications technology in the Middle Ages," he said, "And the editor said, 'Well let's do it then, let's see which is truly faster.'" Mr Kappest turned to Jakob Schütte, a rider who lives in the same village, and Favo, his horse. The photographer burnt 4.2GB of images on to a DVD, packed it into a bag and sent it off with Favo and Mr Schütte on the 10km ride to the printer's office in Schmallenberg. At the same time he uploaded the data through WeTransfer, a popular file-sharing service. The computer had a 20-minute head start while Mr Schütte started off down the road, past Wilzenberg mountain. Favo made the journey in 104 minutes. The file transfer, however, was not finished until the horse had returned to Oberkirchen more than two hours later. In total it took five hours. There was a serious point behind the story. Germany has long been known for its poor broadband and mobile internet coverage, particularly in the countryside. Two years ago a report by a network regulator found that 29 per cent of internet users received less than half the speed to which they were contractually entitled, While things have improved, a global survey carried out this year found that it took on average 16 minutes and eight seconds to download a 5GB film through a German internet connection - a little better than the UK but worse than Puerto Rico and Barbados. In the Sauerland, Mr Kappest's area, millions of euros have been spent on a new network but the connections have yet to be switched on in dozens of towns and villages, including Oberkirchen. The horse race did its job: Mr Kappest has since been assured that his broadband will be up and running next month. 36. The story of a stagecoach is mentioned in the first paragraph mainly to________. A. lead in the topic B. introduce a new race C. highlight a historical year D. correct people's misunderstanding 37. Which of the following is true of Jakob Schütte and his horse? A. They were hired by WeTransfer. B. They used to live in Schmallenberg. C. They completed the tasks in less than two hours. D. They spent five hours on the way to Oberkirchen. 38. Which of the following is a consequence of the horse race? A. Germany will realize its poor broadband service. B. Mr Kappest will soon have a better internet connection. C. More euros will be spent on the new network in the Sauerland. D. Oberkirchen will be the first in Germany to stop any horse race. 39. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage? A. Germany falls behind in wifi connection B. History hardly repeats itself in normal ways C. Uploading photographs in a modern world is all that easy D. Horse power still has an advantage in race with village wifi （B） Michael Blastland's new book, The Hidden Half, looks at how our urge to constantly find order affects science, politics, business and economics, with sometimes terrible results. What's The Hidden Half all about? It's a book of mysteries and errors that reflect the fact that our knowledge is much weaker and less reliable than we think it is. I've tried to tell some of the stories which actually show us that we don't and possibly never will have secure knowledge of some of the causal processes in our lives. That's an uncomfortable thought... There are clearly some instances in which uncertainty is actually a good thing. The question is, can we talk about uncertainty in ways that people find acceptable for the tricky questions about what's going on in the world? Because people fear that if they admit uncertainty they'll lose their authority. There's research being done by the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication. They tell you in different ways how many tigers there are in the world. Then they ask you if you trust the information, and whether you trust the person telling you two separate questions. They say, "There are X thousand tigers. What do you say to that, and do you trust me?" Then they say, "We think there are X thousand tigers, but we're not quite sure. Now how well do you trust the information and how well do you trust me?" And the third one: "We think there are X thousand tigers, but we're pretty confident that the answer is within a thousand more or a thousand fewer." The last of those achieves the highest level of trust. People lose confidence in the number a bit, which they should, because we're not that sure about the number. But they gain confidence in the person giving them the information, so we can present information in ways that admit real, unavoidable uncertainty and gain credibility. What practical tips should we take from the book? You can still make any decision you like. You just have to acknowledge the uncertainties, because that might change the kind of decision that you make. You can recognise that your policy that has been demonstrated in a few schools in the West Midlands may not translate to many other schools if the sample isn't big enough. Don't expect things to generalise with perfection if you're a decision maker. There are things we don't know, but we'd do things a lot better if we were frank about our limitations. 40. According to Michael Blastland, what is his book, The Hidden Half, intended to do? A. To warn readers against any generalization. B. To encourage readers to challenge authority. C. To get readers to realize their own limitations. D. To remind readers that uncertainty is a fact of life. 41. What does the research by the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication show? A. People prefer to have a definite answer to a question. B. You may not lose authority even if you admit you are unsure. C. We can say for certain how many tigers there are in the world. D. It's important to reveal uncertainty in an unnoticeable way. 42. What suggestion does Michael Blastland give? A. Decision-makers should read his book. B. We should be careful with any translated works. C. We should be honest with what we don't know for sure. D. Decision-makers should demonstrate their policy-making processes. （C） In 2003, in Bremen, Germany, astronomer Seth Shostak gave a lecture. "I bet everybody in the audience a cup of Starbucks that we would find E.T. within two dozen years," he told a new audience in October. Shostak is senior astronomer at the Center for SETI Research based in Mountain View, Calif. SETI stands for "Search for Extra-terrestrial Intelligence (ETI)" of course, as the millions who have loaned out their home computer time for the SETI@home project know. He mentioned the bet at a session on the current state of the search for any signs of alien intelligence at the World Conference of Science Journalists in the San Francisco Bay Area. "To have some reasonable chance of success," Shostak said, "you'd have to look at at least a million star systems." Which may be possible within the coffee challenge's timeframe, thanks to $100 million from Russian physicist and entrepreneur Yuri Milner in 2015 to establish what is called Breakthrough Listen-an effort to use multiple radio and optical telescopes to survey the million stars closest to us. Shostak thinks his Bremen audience comes out ahead either way. "Because either [by 2027] a signal has been found and you have something to talk about at lunch--or you get a cup of coffee. You can't lose." But what about sending out messages inviting contact with intelligent aliens rather than just listening for signals? "I think the risks outweigh the benefits," said Dan Werthimer, chief scientist at the Berkeley SETI research Center, which oversees Breakthrough Listen. "When advanced civilizations come in contact with less advanced civilizations, it hasn't been good on Earth. So I think there's a lot of risk." But Shostak thinks we already might have attracted somebody's attention: "The kind of equipment that we have today is within four orders of magnitude of being able to detect radars on nearby worlds, within a few tens of light-years. Now this speed of increase in the collecting area of radio telescopes on Earth is roughly two orders of magnitude per century... That means that any society that's at least 200 years more advanced than we are has equipment that can pick up SFO, alright? That's the local airport for those of you from out of town. So... if you really think there's a potential of killing seven billion people because the aliens get ticked off by hearing I Love Lucy and send their interstellar battlewagons here to wipe us out…, you better turn them off forever. And to me, that doesn't sound like a good idea." 43. According to Seth Shostak, what conditions would be required for a reasonable chance of success in finding ETI? A. We survey at least a million star systems. B. We communicate more actively with aliens. C. We understand the coffee challenge's timeframe. D. We search far more star systems than we can see. 44. What does Seth Shostak suggest about the technological capabilities of advanced extraterrestrial civilizations? A. They are unlikely to have technology to get our signals. B. Their technology could easily detect our signals. C. Their technology is far inferior to ours. D. They show no interest in our signals. 45. What can be learned about Seth Shostak and Dan Werthimer from the passage? A. They disagree on whether to send out messages inviting contact with ETI. B. They disagree on whether enough has been done to look for intelligent aliens. C. They both think that we may have caught the attention of advanced civilizations. D. They both think that we should wait for ETI to find us instead of searching for them. 46. What is the passage mainly about? A. The creation of the Breakthrough Listen project. B. A bet made decades ago about whether ETI can be located. C. The ongoing efforts and debates surrounding the search for ETI. D. The capabilities of current equipment to detect signals from nearby worlds. Section C Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need. The Right to Cognitive Freedom A. It would entitle people to make free decisions regarding the use of technology that can affect their thoughts. B. But given our mental privacy, we might not be so willing to accept this intrusion. C. If brain-scanning tools become common, new possibilities for misuse will arise. D. Attempts to decode mental information through imaging are also occurring in court cases, sometimes in a scientifically questionable way. E. Today, however, this assumption might no longer hold. F. This new understanding would not only protect people from being denied access to treatment for mental illness. The idea of the human mind being protected from external intrusion has persisted for centuries. 47          Neuroimaging (神经影像) machines and brain-computer interfaces detect the electrical activity of neurons, enabling us to decode and even alter the nervous system signals that accompany mental processes. While these advances have a great potential for research and medicine, they pose a fundamental ethical, legal and social challenge: determining whether or under what conditions it is all right to gain access to another person's mental activity. This question has special social relevance because many neuro-technologies have moved away from a medical setting and into the commercial area. 48          For example, in 2008 a woman in India was accused of murder and sentenced to life imprisonment on the basis of a brain scan showing, according to the judge, "experiential knowledge" about the crime. In spite of experts' doubt, commercial companies are marketing the use of functional MRI and electroencephalography-based technology to ascertain truth and falsehood. Brain-reading technology can be seen as just another unavoidable trend that erodes a bit more of our personal space in the digital world. 49          People could, in fact, look at this technology as something that requires the reconceptualization of basic human rights and even the creation of neuro-specific rights. Lawyers are already talking about a right to cognitive liberty. 50          A right to mental privacy would protect individuals against unpermitted intrusion by third parties into their brain data, as well as against the unauthorized collection of those data. Neurotechnology brings benefits, but to minimize unintended risks, we need an open debate involving neuroscientists, legal experts, ethicists and general citizens. III. Summary Writing Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible. 51. Is the "Real" You Real? We all want others to appreciate us for who we really are. In striving to achieve such relationships, we typically assume there is a "real me". But how do we actually know who we are? It may seem simple -we are a product of our life experiences, which are easily accessible through our memories of the past. But it turns out that identity is often not a truthful representation of who we are even if we have a good memory. When creating personal narratives, we rely on a psychological screening mechanism, which labels certain mental concepts which are rather vivid and rich in detail and emotion as memories, but not others. Remembering is unlike playing a video from the past in your mind; instead, it is a highly reconstructive process depending on knowledge, self-image, needs, and goals. Memories are therefore malleable- they can be twisted and changed easily. For example, Jean Piaget, a famous developmental psychologist, remembered an event in which he was kidnapped with his nanny-she often told him about it. After many years, she confessed to having made up the story. At that point, Piaget stopped believing in the memory, but it nevertheless remained as vivid as it was before. Is all this an unfavorable thing? There are heated discussions about how people suffering from depression tend to remember routine events. Some self-help books therefore make suggestions about how to obtain a more accurate sense of self. For example, we could try to get feedback from others. But it is essential to be cautious that they may have false memories about us, too. Crucially, there are upsides to our malleable memory. Picking and choosing memories is actually guided by self-enhancing biases (偏向) leading us to rewrite our past so it resembles what we feel and believe now. Inaccurate memories are necessary, resulting from the need to maintain a positive, up-to-date sense of self. IV. Translation Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets. 52. 具备自动驾驶技术的汽车在道路上已经屡见不鲜。(familiar) 53. 村子里弃用已久的一处旧仓库被改造成了饭店。(turn) 54. 这是一个经营了 20 年的品牌，它见证了中国数字娱乐行业的崛起。(witness) 55. 这位曾经的排球运动员惊喜地辨认着照片上的一个个队友，感慨万分。(as) V. Guided Writing Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese. 56. 假设你是明启中学高三学生李明，你校即将在下周举行体育节，委托学校英语报征求全校同学对本次体育节主题的建议。写一篇文章投稿，内容须包括： 1）你对体育节主题的建议； 2）你的理由。 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 复旦大学附属中学2024学年第一学期 高二年级英语学科12月第三次阶段性教学质量评估试卷　答案 I. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 1. gained 2. to understand 3. an 4. dancing 5. called 6. whenever 7. can 8. which 9. on 10. if/whether Section B 11. J 12. K 13. D 14. C 15. G 16. F 17. H 18. B 19. E 20. A II. Reading Comprehension Section A 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. D 25. B 26. D 27. B 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A Section B 36. A 37. C 38. B 39. D 40. D 41. B 42. C 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. C Section C 47. E 48. D 49. B 50. A III. Summary Writing 51. Memory and identity are not fixed; they are reconstructive and influenced by self-enhancing preferences. While some inaccuracies exist, they help maintain a positive self-image. Seeking feedback for self-awareness is crucial, but it must be taken with care due to potential false memories in others. IV. Translation 52. Cars equipped with self-driving technology have become all too familiar on the roads. 53. An old warehouse that had been abandoned for a long time in the village was turned into a restaurant. 54. This brand, which has been operating for 20 years, has witnessed the rise of China’s digital entertainment industry. 55. The former volleyball player was pleasantly surprised as he recognized one teammate after another in the photos, filled with deep emotions. V. Guided Writing 56. Dear Editors, I am writing to propose a theme for the forthcoming school sports festival. From my perspective, the ideal theme should be "Together We Thrive", as it encapsulates the essence of athletic competition and collective growth. First and foremost, this theme champions the significance of unwavering teamwork. Sports are not merely about individual prowess; they are a testament to collective synergy. By emphasizing collaboration, the festival can foster a profound sense of camaraderie among students from diverse backgrounds. Furthermore, the proposed theme highlights the invaluable virtue of sportsmanship and resilience. True athletic spirit transcends mere victories; it embodies perseverance and mutual respect. A theme that underscores thriving together encourages participants to embrace challenges and exhibit grace in both triumph and defeat. In conclusion, "Together We Thrive" serves as a compelling and inspiring motto. I firmly believe that adopting this theme will elevate the sports festival into a truly memorable experience. I sincerely hope my suggestion merits your consideration. Yours sincerely, Li Ming 第 1 页 / 共 1 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $