精品解析：天津市南开区田家炳中学2026-2027学年高三年级上学期10月月考英语试题

南开田家炳中学高三年级阶段性质量调研—— 英语试卷 笔试部分（共130分） 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —You seem to be in a really good mood. — I finished my last test today. ___________! Now I’m free. A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point 2. To prevent the spread of the viral ________, doctors recommend frequent hand washing and wearing a mask in crowded places. A. injection B. affection C. infection D. reflection 3. Someone ________ the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bathroom. A. could leave B. might leave C. should have left D. must have left 4. The cost of buying an apartment in central Tianjin is higher than________ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 5. A young man from a wealthy family graduated from Beijing University and got a job as a pork seller, which________ a public heated debate. A. set off B. set about C. set out D. set aside 6. If everything goes well, he ________ writing his novel by the end of next year. A. finishes B. would finish C. will have finished D. will be finishing 7. Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written 8. If you are traveling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. where C. when D. that 9. China has ________ improved the living standards of the ordinary people in the past four decades. A. necessarily B. dramatically C. additionally D. objectively 10. For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond their______. A. inspiration B. restoration C. comprehension D. maximum 11. The new policy is expected to ________ the development of renewable energy. A. accommodate B. accumulate C. accelerate D. associate 12. The brain-computer interface technology, ______ development is funded by the government, has entered clinical trials. A. which B. whose C. when D. where 13. Men and women are almost equal ______how satisfied they are with their personal looks. A. on behalf of B. in contrast to C. in response to D. in terms of 14. Despite the initial challenges, the new employee worked extremely hard to ________ the company’s high expectations and eventually became one of its most valued members. A. live up to B. come up with C. put up with D. keep up with 15. --I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther. --But it’s too early to now. There’s still much hope. A. pave the way B. throw in the towel C. have second thoughts D. test the waters 二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） As I prepared to leave, my fifteen-year-old Dylan stared at me, complaining about my overlooking him for others’ children. Realizing he didn’t fully ___16___ the life-saving work I engaged in, I ___17___ him to come along and see for himself. I spent the drive___18___ the case of Hector, a child with severe heart diseases. But my son pretended to ___19___ me the entire time. I went on to explain that a team of volunteer medical professionals had ___20___ Hector from his remote village and were providing him with round-the-clock care. However, Dylan seemed___21___ affected. Stopping at a convenience store, Dylan had two soft drinks, saying that one was for Hector. This marked the first time Dylan had shown any interest in the ___22___ of our visit. Upon reaching the hospital, I ___23___ at the nurse’s station to check on Hector’s progress, while Dylan, somewhat reluctantly (勉强地), ___24___ to his room. Our patient was physically recovering, but emotionally ___25___. As we brainstormed ways to ___26___ Hector’s spirits, we were suddenly interrupted by ___27___ coming from his room. Looking inside, I was ___28___ by the sight of Dylan and Hector, laughing and joking like old friends. Hector’s eyes shone with joy, a sharp ___29___ to his earlier dullness. On the way home, Dylan ___30___ me about Hector’s chances of recovery. I explained that the joy he had brought to Hector would surely ___31___ his recovery, yet ___32___ still lay ahead. My son fell ___33___, deep in thought. Finally, he turned to me and said, “I want to help more children like Hector.” His words ___34___ my heart. I knew that my son had truly grown up, and I couldn’t have been ___35___. 16. A. appreciate B. notice C. wonder D. highlight 17. A. demanded B. ordered C. invited D. permitted 18. A. detailing B. reporting C. addressing D. curing 19. A. stimulate B. trouble C. admire D. ignore 20. A. influenced B. rescued C. supported D. raised 21. A. barely B. extremely C. ultimately D. usually 22. A. course B. purpose C. plan D. behaviour 23. A. hesitated B. wandered C. stopped D. chased 24. A. headed B. rushed C. returned D. skipped 25. A. restoring B. ruining C. defending D. struggling 26. A. weaken B. dominate C. lift D. maintain 27. A. noise B. laughter C. argument D. shouting 28. A. upset B. distracted C. amused D. surprised 29. A. account B. similarity C. contrast D. association 30. A. asked B. informed C. quizzed D. blamed 31. A. react to B. result in C. contribute to D. slow down 32. A. changes B. injuries C. chances D. challenges 33. A. asleep B. silent C. ill D. tired 34. A. healed B. hurt C. warmed D. strengthened 35. A. more motivated B. more optimistic C. nicer D. prouder 三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms. Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. Quiet Hours Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25. 36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms? A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B. Wireless routers and radios. C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets. 37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others? A. The combination should be changed. B. The Office should be charged. C. He should replace the door lock. D. He should check out of the room. 38. What do we know about the cooking policy? A. A microwave oven can be used. B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted. C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen. D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking. 39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____. A. parent visits B. a fine of $100 C. the Student Court D. a written notice 40. When can students enjoy a party in residences? A. 7:00 am, Sunday. B. 7:30 am, Thursday. C. 11:30 pm, Monday. D. 00:30 am, Saturday. B Yesterday, after arriving in Madrid, I knocked on a stranger’s door. “I searched on the website. Will you give me lessons?” I asked. This was the reason I’d come to Spain. Because I once believed I was meant to be a female flamenco (弗拉门戈) guitarist. Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors. As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain, he learnt from anyone willing to teach him. He approached performers in bars, made friends with street musicians, and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time. I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father’s hands exploded across the strings like fireworks. I practised while he instructed and criticized. I played till I had sharp pain in my fingertips. By age seven, I was called a child genius. Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father distanced himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon, we spoke only when necessary. Our relationship didn’t rebound until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar. When I was in my early 30s, he got sick. Before he died a few years later, my father told me there were almost no female flamenco guitarists in the world. If I kept practising, I could be one of the first. I promised, and he left me his guitar. But after he died, I couldn’t bear to play it. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed an extension of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (可触知). So for 13 years, it sat mostly untouched, coming out only when my son Ellis begged to see it. He was careful with his grandfather’s instrument in a way that made me want to pass it down to him — both the guitar and the music. The problem was that I couldn’t really play anymore. Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me patiently. I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers hurt. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb (肢体) returns to life. The feeling delights me. It means I’m doing something right. 41. Which can best describe the father when he was learning flamenco? A. Cautious. B. Hopeless. C. Depressed. D. Devoted. 42. Which has the similar meaning with the underlined word “rebound” in paragraph 4? A. Improve. B. Break. C. Suffer. D. Blossom. 43. Why did the author leave the guitar untouched? A. She intended to pass it down to her son. B. It reminded her of her unpleasant past. C. Deep sorrow drowned her at the sight of it. D. Carrying it made her feel a sense of burden. 44. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Guitar Lessons From Strangers B. Love for Father on the String Again C. Adventures for Music Lovers in Spain D. Journey to Success as a Flamenco Guitarist 45. What does “the feeling delights me” suggest about the author? A. She enjoys the pain of learning. B. She is worried about her progress. C. She dislikes Antonia’s teaching. D. She wants to quit playing soon. C In our daily lives, we often hear about the benefits of exercise for our physical health. But have you ever wondered about its effect on our memory? Well, a recent study from University College London has some interesting findings. The researchers discovered that 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, along with at least six hours of sleep at night, could potentially lead to an improvement in cognitive performance the following day. This means that activities like cycling to work or going for a brisk walk in the morning might not only make you feel good for the day but also have a positive impact on your memory the next day. Previous studies on the short-term effects of physical activity were mostly done in laboratories and focused on short time frames. However, this new study observed the real-life physical activity of 76 adults aged 50 — 83, who did not have cognitive impairment or dementia. These participants wore an accelerometer for eight days to track their sleep and physical activity. They also took simple online cognitive tests daily to measure their attention, memory, and processing speed. The results showed that each 30-minute increase in physical activity corresponded to a 2% — 5% increase in episodic and working memory scores the next day. But when sleep data was considered, only the working memory score improvement remained significant. The study also found that more sedentary behavior was associated with a drop in working memory scores, while getting enough sleep led to better scores in episodic memory and other aspects. Despite these findings, the study had its limitations. The participants were generally well-educated and had good health and high levels of daily physical activity, which might not represent the entire population. Also, the exact reason why exercise affects memory the next day is still unclear, as the benefits from neurotransmitters are thought to be short-lived. In conclusion, while we still have more to learn, this study suggests that staying active and getting enough sleep could be beneficial for our brain health and memory. So, let’s put on our running shoes and hit the sack early to give our brains a boost!(362) 46. What did the University College London study find? A. Any amount of exercise improves memory immediately. B. Thirty minutes of exercise and proper sleep may enhance next-day cognitive ability. C. Only intense exercise affects memory. D. Sleep has no connection to memory improvement. 47. How was this study different from previous ones? A. It involved a larger number of participants. B. It focused only on the long-term effects. C. It only studied younger people. D. It was based on real-life activity tracking. 48. What were the participants asked to do in the study? A. Exercise for a fixed time every day. B. Wear a device and do cognitive tests. C. Change their diet drastically. D. Avoid all sedentary activities. 49. What are the limitations of the study? A. The participants were all athletes. B. It didn’t consider the role of diet. C. The participants had specific characteristics. D. It was too expensive to conduct. 50. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To suggest practical applications of the findings. B. To criticize the study's limitations. C. To propose directions for future research. D. To explain the physiological mechanisms. D When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate? Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long term. They will also experience fear. Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership. The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work days, or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation. Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor in the work life of most people. The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence — knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills. 51. According to the passage, forcing others to do things might lead to ________. A. short-term cooperation and long-term trust B. immediate efficiency and lasting motivation C. temporary obedience and long-term negative feelings D. rapid task completion and improved relationships 52. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ________. A. he is forced to do things B. he cannot work at his best C. he feels his brain shut down D. he thinks of his work as too heavy 53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. People tend to associate leadership with fear. B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health. C. Good relationship is the key to business success. D. Smart people are more functional in the work place. 54. To positively influence employees a leader should first of all ________. A. provide better suggestions B. develop his own personality C. give his employees a pay raise D. hide his own emotion of fear 55. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to ________. A. provide a variety of projects for employees B. help raise employee’s living standards C. give employees specific instructions D. deal wisely with employees’ emotions 四、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I met Mrs. Sase in my senior year of high school. I was struggling greatly in her math class. On top of always struggling with math, I was dealing with the anxiety that came with being a foster youth and worrying deeply about the future that lay in store for me. I had been living with my foster parents (养父母), and our agreement was that after graduation I was to move out and begin my life as an adult to support myself, at seventeen. What accompanied the burden of the anxiety was a lack of motivation in school. Most teachers didn’t notice me. Mrs. Sase, however, took a closer look. I will never forget the first time she walked over to my desk and handed me a little folded note. It read, “Are you okay?” I was shocked by her genuine care and interest in my well-being. Not only was she sensitive enough to notice my reserve, but she also took the time to personally make a difference. She listened as I shared my most hidden fears about my past and the uncertain future that was closing in on me. She listened when others seemed to be too busy to show concern. And she agreed to write a letter of recommendation for me when I decided to apply for the Guardian Scholars Program, a program committed to helping ambitious, college-bound students exit the foster care system. I found new ambition through Mrs. Sase’s support and devotion to my academic and personal success. Gradually, not only did my grades improve, but my confidence also improved. The most amazing thing about Mrs. Sase was that I was just one of an army of students who would confess that Mrs. Sase had changed their lives. Her entire classroom was filled with letters of utmost appreciation for her and the life-changing impact she had on so many students. Once, Mrs. Sase was in hospital for a week, during which we students visited her in turns and tried our best to do something for her because in our mind Mrs. Sase was an angel who spread her wings far and wide. 56. What was the agreement between the author and his foster parents? (no more than 10 words) 57. How did the agreement affect the author? (no more than 12 words) 58. How did Mrs. Sase care about him? (no more than 15 words) 59. How do you understand the underlined part in the last paragraph? (no more than 15 words) 60. What do you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 20 words) 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： (1)申请参加本次活动； (2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解； (3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 参考词汇：中国工坊 Chinese Workshop 中华美食 Chinese cuisine 手工艺 handicraft 书法 calligraphy 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 听力部分（共20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 62. What does the woman usually use her phone for? A. Studying. B. Playing games. C. Watching films. 63. What are the speakers talking about? A. A concert. B. A restaurant. C. A photo show. 64. How will the speakers go to the zoo? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 65. When does the cooking lesson start? A. At 2:30 B. At 3:30 C. At 4:00 66. What does the man ask the girl to do? A. Do her homework. B. Help her sister. C. Turn down the TV. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。 67. Why is the man unhappy? A. He made a serious mistake at work. B. He quarreled with Mr. Scott. C. He missed a hiking trip. 68. What does the woman think of the man? A. Mean. B. Careless. C. Impolite. 69. What will the man do next? A. Call Mr. Scott. B. Contact his customer. C. Make a complaint. 听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。 70. What is needed to buy for the apartment? A. A sofa. B. A fridge. C. A TV set. 71. What is the disadvantage of the apartment? A. It's a little small. B. It's on the top floor. C. It's at the corner. 72. What does the woman ask about the apartment at last? A. Its location. B. Its price. C. Its size. 听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。 73. Why will the speaker go to Melbourne? A. To visit her sister. B. To study at a university. C. To enrich life experiences. 74. What does the speaker plan to do in Sydney? A. See kangaroos. B. Watch a music show. C. Visit Royal Botanic Gardens. 75. Where will the speaker return on the 10th? A. Melbourne. B. Queensland. C. Hamilton Island. 76. When will the speaker arrive in London? A. On the 11th B. On the 12th. C. On the 13th. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 南开田家炳中学高三年级阶段性质量调研—— 英语试卷 笔试部分（共130分） 一、单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 1. —You seem to be in a really good mood. — I finished my last test today. ___________! Now I’m free. A. What a pity B. What a relief C. I’ve got it D. I’ve missed the point 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查交际用语。句意：——你看起来心情很好。——我今天完成了最后一次考试。我总算松了一口气!现在我自由了。A. What a pity真遗憾；B. What a relief 总算松了一口气；C. I’ve got it我明白了；D. I’ve missed the point我错过了重点。根据“I finished my last test today.”可知，完成最后一场考试后终于松了一口气。故选B。 2. To prevent the spread of the viral ________, doctors recommend frequent hand washing and wearing a mask in crowded places. A. injection B. affection C. infection D. reflection 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了防止病毒性感染的传播，医生建议经常洗手并在拥挤的地方戴口罩。A. injection注射；B. affection喜爱，钟爱；C. infection感染；D. reflection反射，反映。根据下文“doctors recommend frequent hand washing and wearing a mask in crowded places（医生建议经常洗手并在拥挤的地方戴口罩）”可知，这是为了防止病毒性“感染”的传播，infection符合语境。故选C项。 3. Someone ________ the tap on, for the water was running over and flooding the bathroom. A. could leave B. might leave C. should have left D. must have left 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】句意：一定是有人没关水龙头，因为水溢出来淹了浴室。根据句中的“for the water was running over and flooding the bathroom”可知，此处表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测，意为“一定做了某事”，应用“must have done”结构。 4. The cost of buying an apartment in central Tianjin is higher than________ in any other area of the city. A. that B. this C. it D. one 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查指示代词。句意：天津市中心的购房成本高于该市其他地区（的购房成本）。it指原来的那个事物，但是此句前后所指不一（西安市中心的房价和城市其他地方的房价），所以排除C；this一般代指以后将要提到的人物，可以排除B；one代指可数名词单数，而且是同类不同物的泛指，但是此次选项代指的是the cost，是不可数名词，所以不能选D； that代替前面说的同类事物（即不是原来的那个事物），它既可指可数名词单数（=the one），也可指不可数名词或抽象名词，应用that。故选A项。 5. A young man from a wealthy family graduated from Beijing University and got a job as a pork seller, which________ a public heated debate. A. set off B. set about C. set out D. set aside 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一名毕业于北京大学的富家子弟，找了一份卖猪肉的工作，此事引发了公众的热议。A. set off出发，引起；B. set about着手，开始做；C. set out动身；D. set aside留出。根据后文“a public heated debate”指引起公众热议应用set off。故选A。 6. If everything goes well, he ________ writing his novel by the end of next year. A. finishes B. would finish C. will have finished D. will be finishing 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果一切顺利，到明年年底他将已经写完他的小说。句中的时间状语为“by the end of next year”（到明年年底），“by + 将来时间”是将来完成时的标志词，表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成的动作，将来完成时的结构为“will have + 过去分词”。 7. Clearly and thoughtfully________, the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers. A. writing B. to write C. written D. being written 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这本书写得既清楚又意味深长，该书激励了那些希望寻求自己的答案的学生的自信心。根据write与the book是被动的关系，所以要用过去分词作状语。故选C。 8. If you are traveling ________ the customs are really foreign to your own, please do as the Romans do. A. in which B. where C. when D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：如果你在一个风俗习惯与你自己的完全不同的地方旅行，请入乡随俗。空格处引导的是地点状语从句，表示“在……的地方”，应用连词where引导，因为前面没有表示地点的名词作为先行词，所以该句不是定语从句，不能使用in which。 9. China has ________ improved the living standards of the ordinary people in the past four decades. A. necessarily B. dramatically C. additionally D. objectively 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】句意：在过去四十年里，中国极大地提高了普通民众的生活水平。A. necessarily必要地；B. dramatically显著地，极大地；C. additionally此外；D. objectively客观地。根据improved the living standards可知，此处表达生活水平大幅提升，dramatically符合语境。 10. For those who refused to give the textbook a thorough review, such an examination would go far beyond their______. A. inspiration B. restoration C. comprehension D. maximum 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于那些拒绝全面复习教科书的人来说，这样的考试将远远超出他们的理解力。A. inspiration灵感；B. restoration修复；C. comprehension理解力；D. maximum最大量。根据“refused to give the textbook a thorough review”可推知，不全面复习将很难完成考试，考试将超出他们的“理解力”。故选C项。 11. The new policy is expected to ________ the development of renewable energy. A. accommodate B. accumulate C. accelerate D. associate 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】句意：这项新政策有望加快可再生能源的发展。A. accommodate容纳；B. accumulate积累；C. accelerate加速；D. associate联系。根据前文“The new policy”以及后文“the development of renewable energy”可知，政策是用来推动、加快发展的，说明这里应填“加速”。 12. The brain-computer interface technology, ______ development is funded by the government, has entered clinical trials. A. which B. whose C. when D. where 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：由政府资助研发的脑机接口技术已进入临床试验阶段。“______ development is funded by the government”是定语从句，修饰先行词The brain-computer interface technology，关系词将其代入从句作定语，表示“脑机接口技术的研发”，用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导定语从句，在从句中作定语。故选B项。 13. Men and women are almost equal ______how satisfied they are with their personal looks. A. on behalf of B. in contrast to C. in response to D. in terms of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：在对自己外貌的满意程度上，男性和女性几乎是一样的。A. on behalf of代表；B. in contrast to相比之下；C. in response to作为……的回应；D. in terms of就……而言，在……方面。结合句意可知，此处是指在对自己外貌满意度的方面。故选D。 14. Despite the initial challenges, the new employee worked extremely hard to ________ the company’s high expectations and eventually became one of its most valued members. A. live up to B. come up with C. put up with D. keep up with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：尽管有最初的挑战，这位新员工非常努力地工作，以不辜负公司的高期望，最终成为公司最受重视的成员之一。A. live up to达到，不辜负；B. come up with想出，提出；C. put up with忍受，容忍；D. keep up with跟上，赶上。根据句意和the company’s high expectations可知，这里指这位新员工努力工作不辜负公司的期望，live up to符合语境。故选A项。 15. --I have been considering canceling the project because it seems hard to go farther. --But it’s too early to now. There’s still much hope. A. pave the way B. throw in the towel C. have second thoughts D. test the waters 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：——我一直在考虑取消这个项目，因为似乎很难再进一步了。——但现在认输还为时过早。还有很多希望。A. pave the way铺平道路；B. throw in the towel认输；C. have second thoughts改变主意；D. test the waters试探。由下文There’s still much hope.可知，还有希望，这说明认输还为时过早，故选B。 二、完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分） As I prepared to leave, my fifteen-year-old Dylan stared at me, complaining about my overlooking him for others’ children. Realizing he didn’t fully ___16___ the life-saving work I engaged in, I ___17___ him to come along and see for himself. I spent the drive___18___ the case of Hector, a child with severe heart diseases. But my son pretended to ___19___ me the entire time. I went on to explain that a team of volunteer medical professionals had ___20___ Hector from his remote village and were providing him with round-the-clock care. However, Dylan seemed___21___ affected. Stopping at a convenience store, Dylan had two soft drinks, saying that one was for Hector. This marked the first time Dylan had shown any interest in the ___22___ of our visit. Upon reaching the hospital, I ___23___ at the nurse’s station to check on Hector’s progress, while Dylan, somewhat reluctantly (勉强地), ___24___ to his room. Our patient was physically recovering, but emotionally ___25___. As we brainstormed ways to ___26___ Hector’s spirits, we were suddenly interrupted by ___27___ coming from his room. Looking inside, I was ___28___ by the sight of Dylan and Hector, laughing and joking like old friends. Hector’s eyes shone with joy, a sharp ___29___ to his earlier dullness. On the way home, Dylan ___30___ me about Hector’s chances of recovery. I explained that the joy he had brought to Hector would surely ___31___ his recovery, yet ___32___ still lay ahead. My son fell ___33___, deep in thought. Finally, he turned to me and said, “I want to help more children like Hector.” His words ___34___ my heart. I knew that my son had truly grown up, and I couldn’t have been ___35___. 16. A. appreciate B. notice C. wonder D. highlight 17. A. demanded B. ordered C. invited D. permitted 18. A. detailing B. reporting C. addressing D. curing 19. A. stimulate B. trouble C. admire D. ignore 20. A. influenced B. rescued C. supported D. raised 21. A. barely B. extremely C. ultimately D. usually 22. A. course B. purpose C. plan D. behaviour 23. A. hesitated B. wandered C. stopped D. chased 24. A. headed B. rushed C. returned D. skipped 25. A. restoring B. ruining C. defending D. struggling 26. A. weaken B. dominate C. lift D. maintain 27. A. noise B. laughter C. argument D. shouting 28. A. upset B. distracted C. amused D. surprised 29. A. account B. similarity C. contrast D. association 30. A. asked B. informed C. quizzed D. blamed 31. A. react to B. result in C. contribute to D. slow down 32. A. changes B. injuries C. chances D. challenges 33. A. asleep B. silent C. ill D. tired 34. A. healed B. hurt C. warmed D. strengthened 35. A. more motivated B. more optimistic C. nicer D. prouder 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. C 24. A 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. C 30. A 31. C 32. D 33. B 34. C 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。为了让儿子理解自己所从事的拯救生命的工作，在救治有严重心脏病的赫克托耳时，作者带上了儿子迪伦一起去，通过这次经历迪伦也真正得长大了。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到他并没有完全理解我所从事的拯救生命的工作，我邀请他来亲自看看。A. appreciate理解；B. notice注意；C. wonder想知道；D. highlight强调。根据上文的“complaining about my overlooking him for others’ children”可知，作者的儿子不理解作者的工作才会抱怨。故选A项。 【17题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：意识到他并没有完全理解我所从事的拯救生命的工作，我邀请他来亲自看看。A. demanded要求；B. ordered命令；C. invited邀请；D. permitted允许。根据下文“come along and see for himself”可知，作者为了让儿子理解自己的工作，肯定是请儿子亲自去看看。故选C项。 【18题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我一路上详细介绍了赫克托耳的情况，一个患有严重心脏病的孩子。A. detailing详细说明；B. reporting报告；C. addressing处理；D. curing治疗。根据下文的“I went on to explain”可知，作者在向儿子介绍说明赫克托耳的情况。故选A项。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但我儿子一直假装不理睬我。A. stimulate刺激；B. trouble使烦恼；C. admire佩服；D. ignore不理睬。根据上文的but和下文的“I went on to explain that a team of volunteer medical professionals had ____ Hector from his remote village and were providing him with round-the-clock care.”可知，儿子假装不理睬作者，所以，作者又接着给儿子解释。故选D项。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我接着解释说，一队志愿医疗专业人员从他的偏远村庄救出了赫克托，并为他提供了24小时的护理。A. influenced影响；B. rescued拯救；C. supported支持；D. raised抚养。根据上文的“a team of volunteer medical professionals”可知，医疗专业人员肯定是拯救了有严重心脏病的赫克托耳。故选B项。 【21题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，迪伦似乎没有受到影响。A. barely几乎不；B. extremely非常；C. ultimately最终；D. usually通常。根据上文的however可知，作者解释的情况几乎对儿子没有影响。故选A项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是迪伦第一次对我们此行的目的表现出兴趣。A. course课程；B. purpose目的；C. plan计划；D. behaviour行为。根据第一段的“Realizing he didn’t fully ____ the life-saving work I engaged in, I ____ him to come along and see for himself.”可知，作者让儿子一起来是有目的的，为了让儿子见到自己救助病人的情形并理解自己的工作。故选B项。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达医院后，我在护士站停下来了解赫克托耳的情况，而迪伦有点不情愿地去了赫克托耳的房间。A. hesitated犹豫；B. wandered流浪；C. stopped停下；D. chased追逐。根据下文的“to check on Hector’s progress”可知，作者要在护士站停下，才能去了解赫克托耳的情况。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：到达医院后，我在护士站停下来了解赫克托耳的情况，而迪伦有点不情愿地去了赫克托耳的房间。A. headed朝（某方向）行进；B. rushed迅速地走；C. returned返回；D. skipped跳过。根据下文的“we were suddenly interrupted by ____ coming from his room. Looking inside, I was ____ by the sight of Dylan and Hector, laughing and joking like old friends”可知，迪伦在赫克托耳的病房里，所以，来到后，迪伦肯定是去了赫克托耳的病房。故选A项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们的病人身体正在恢复，但情绪却在挣扎。A. restoring恢复；B. ruining毁坏；C. defending防守；D. struggling挣扎。根据上文的“Our patient was physically recovering”和转折连词but可知，此处指病人的情绪状态不好。故选D项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：正当我们绞尽脑汁想办法让赫克托振作起来时，他的房间里突然传来笑声，打断了我们的谈话。A. weaken (使)虚弱；B. dominate支配；C. lift提升；D. maintain维护。根据上文的“Our patient was physically recovering, but emotionally ____ .”可知，赫克托耳的情绪状态不好，所以，医生应该是想办法提升他的情绪。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正当我们绞尽脑汁想办法让赫克托振作起来时，他的房间里突然传来笑声，打断了我们的谈话。A. noise噪音；B. laughter笑声；C. argument争吵；D. shouting大声嚷嚷。根据下文的“laughing and joking like old friends”可知，他们听到的是笑声。故选B项。 【28题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：往里看，我惊讶地看到迪伦和赫克托耳像老朋友一样有说有笑。A. upset心烦意乱的；B. distracted分心的；C. amused被逗乐的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据第二段的描述和上文的“while Dylan, somewhat reluctantly (勉强地), ____ to his room.”可知，一开始，迪伦对赫克托耳的情况是不关心的，所以当作者看到他们两个像老朋友一样有说有笑时感到惊讶。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：赫克托耳的眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒，与他先前的迟钝形成了鲜明的对比。A. account账户；B. similarity相似性；C. contrast对比；D. association联系。根据上文的“Hector’s eyes shone with joy”和下文的dullness可知，二者形成鲜明对比。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在回家的路上，迪伦问我赫克托耳康复的可能性。A. asked问；B. informed通知；C. quizzed测验；D. blamed责备。根据下文“I explained that the joy he had brought to Hector would surely ____ his recovery, yet ____ still lay ahead.”可知，迪伦肯定问作者赫克托耳康复的可能性，所以，作者才解释。故选A项。 【31题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我向他解释说，他带给赫克托尔的快乐肯定有助于他的康复，但挑战仍然存在。A. react to作出反应；B. result in导致；C. contribute to有助于；D. slow down放慢速度。根据上文的“the joy he had brought to Hector”可知，带给赫克托尔的快乐肯定有助于他的康复。故选C项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释说，他带给赫克托尔的快乐肯定有助于他的康复，但挑战仍然存在。A. changes变化；B. injuries受伤；C. chances机会；D. challenges挑战。根据空格前的转折连词yet可知，此处指仍然存在挑战。故选D项。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：儿子陷入了沉思。A. asleep睡着的；B. silent沉默的；C. ill生病的；D. tired累的。根据下文的“deep in thought”可知，儿子陷入了沉思，肯定不说话了。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的话温暖了我的心。A. healed痊愈；B. hurt受伤；C. warmed (使) 温暖；D. strengthened加强。上文儿子说的话“I want to help more children like Hector.”肯定让作者心里感到温暖。故选C项。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道儿子已经真正长大了，我感到无比自豪。A. more motivated更有积极性的；B. more optimistic更乐观的；C. nicer更好的；D. prouder更自豪的。根据上文的“I want to help more children like Hector.”和“I knew that my son had truly grown up”可知，作者认为儿子长大了，懂事了，所以很自豪。故选D项。 三、阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2.5分，满分50分） A 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A University Room Regulations Approved and Prohibited Items The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players. Items that are not allowed in student rooms include: candles, ceiling fans, fireworks, waterbeds, sun lamps and wireless routers. Please note that any prohibited items will be taken away by the Office of Residence Life. Access to Residential Rooms Students are provided with a combination (组合密码) for their room door locks upon check-in. Do not share your room door lock combination with anyone. The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others. The fee is $25 to change a room combination. Cooking Policy Students living in buildings that have kitchens are only permitted to cook in the kitchen. Students must clean up after cooking. This is not the responsibility of housekeeping staff. Kitchens that are not kept clean may be closed for use. With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms. Pet Policy No pets except fish are permitted in student rooms. Students who are found with pets, whether visiting or owned by the student, are subject to an initial fine of $100 and a continuing fine of $50 a day per pet. Students receive written notice when the fine goes into effect. If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court. Quiet Hours Residential buildings must maintain an atmosphere that supports the academic mission of the University. Minimum quiet hours in all campus residences are 11:00 pm to 8:00 am Sunday through Thursday. Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am. Students who violate quiet hours are subject to a fine of $25. 36. Which of the following items are allowed in student rooms? A. Ceiling fans and waterbeds. B. Wireless routers and radios. C. Hair dryers and candles. D. TVs and electric blankets. 37. What if a student is found to have told his combination to others? A. The combination should be changed. B. The Office should be charged. C. He should replace the door lock. D. He should check out of the room. 38. What do we know about the cooking policy? A. A microwave oven can be used. B. Cooking in student rooms is permitted. C. A housekeeper is to clean up the kitchen. D. Students are to close kitchen doors after cooking. 39. If a student has kept a cat in his room for a week since the warning, he will face _____. A. parent visits B. a fine of $100 C. the Student Court D. a written notice 40. When can students enjoy a party in residences? A. 7:00 am, Sunday. B. 7:30 am, Thursday. C. 11:30 pm, Monday. D. 00:30 am, Saturday. 【答案】36. D 37. A 38. A 39. C 40. D 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了大学宿舍的规范：批准和禁止的项目、烹饪的政策、宠物政策等规定，让同学们严格遵守。。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句The following items are approved for use in residential (住宿的) rooms: electric blankets, hair dryers, personal computers, radios, televisions and DVD players.可知电视机和电热毯是允许使用的。故选D。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段The Office of Residence Life may change the door lock combination at any time at the expense of the resident if it is found that the student has shared the combination with others.可知如果发现学生与他人共享门锁组合，居住生活办公室可随时更换门锁组合，费用由居民承担。故选A。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段With the exception of using a small microwave oven (微波炉) to heat food, students are not permitted to cook in their rooms.可知除了可以使用小的微波炉来加热食物外，不允许学生在房间里做饭，故小的微波炉是可以使用的。选A。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段If, one week from the date of written notice, the pet is not removed, the student is referred to the Student Court.可知，学生在接到书面通知一周之内，没有把宠物移走的，将被移交给学生法庭。故选C。 【40题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Quiet hours on Friday and Saturday nights are 1:00 am to 8:00 am.可知周六的安静时间是早上1点到8，故可以推断出答案。故选D。 B Yesterday, after arriving in Madrid, I knocked on a stranger’s door. “I searched on the website. Will you give me lessons?” I asked. This was the reason I’d come to Spain. Because I once believed I was meant to be a female flamenco (弗拉门戈) guitarist. Forty-five years ago, when I was two, my father also came to Madrid and knocked on strangers’ doors. As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain, he learnt from anyone willing to teach him. He approached performers in bars, made friends with street musicians, and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time. I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father’s hands exploded across the strings like fireworks. I practised while he instructed and criticized. I played till I had sharp pain in my fingertips. By age seven, I was called a child genius. Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father distanced himself. Guiltily, I followed suit. Soon, we spoke only when necessary. Our relationship didn’t rebound until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar. When I was in my early 30s, he got sick. Before he died a few years later, my father told me there were almost no female flamenco guitarists in the world. If I kept practising, I could be one of the first. I promised, and he left me his guitar. But after he died, I couldn’t bear to play it. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed an extension of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility (可触知). So for 13 years, it sat mostly untouched, coming out only when my son Ellis begged to see it. He was careful with his grandfather’s instrument in a way that made me want to pass it down to him — both the guitar and the music. The problem was that I couldn’t really play anymore. Now, Antonia is sitting with me in her living room, teaching me patiently. I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers hurt. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb (肢体) returns to life. The feeling delights me. It means I’m doing something right. 41. Which can best describe the father when he was learning flamenco? A. Cautious. B. Hopeless. C. Depressed. D. Devoted. 42. Which has the similar meaning with the underlined word “rebound” in paragraph 4? A. Improve. B. Break. C. Suffer. D. Blossom. 43. Why did the author leave the guitar untouched? A. She intended to pass it down to her son. B. It reminded her of her unpleasant past. C. Deep sorrow drowned her at the sight of it. D. Carrying it made her feel a sense of burden. 44. Which of the following can be the best title for the text? A. Guitar Lessons From Strangers B. Love for Father on the String Again C. Adventures for Music Lovers in Spain D. Journey to Success as a Flamenco Guitarist 45. What does “the feeling delights me” suggest about the author? A. She enjoys the pain of learning. B. She is worried about her progress. C. She dislikes Antonia’s teaching. D. She wants to quit playing soon. 【答案】41. D 42. A 43. C 44. B 45. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者受父亲影响，从小学习古典吉他，中途放弃后因父亲临终前的嘱托，时隔多年前往西班牙马德里学习弗拉门戈吉他，重拾音乐梦想的故事。 【41题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“As a well-known classical guitarist, he admired flamenco a lot, and in Spain, he learnt from anyone willing to teach him. He approached performers in bars, made friends with street musicians, and managed to study with Paco de Lucia, the greatest flamenco guitarist of our time.(作为一个著名的古典吉他手，他非常欣赏弗拉门戈，在西班牙，他向任何愿意教他的人学习。他在酒吧接触表演者，与街头音乐家交朋友，并设法向当代最伟大的弗拉门戈吉他手帕科·德·卢西亚学习。)”可推知，“挚爱的、热衷的”最能描述这位父亲学习弗拉门戈时的情景。故选D项。 【42题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的上文“Soon we spoke only when necessary.(不久，我们只在必要的时候才说话。)”和下文“in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar.(在我20岁出头的时候，我发现自己又重新弹起了吉他。)”可知，有段时间作者很少和父亲讲话，直到20多岁时，作者重新爱上吉他，由此推知，那时他们的关系有改善。从而推知，画线词是“改善”的意思，与improve同义。故选A项。 【43题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“But after he died, I couldn’t bear to play it. He’d spent so much time with his arms around that instrument, and it seemed an extension of his own body. Holding it gave my grief an unbearable tangibility. So for 13 years, it sat mostly untouched(但他去世后，我实在不忍再弹奏那把吉他。他曾无数次将它抱在怀中，它仿佛成了他身体的延伸。握着它，我的悲伤变得无比真切，令人难以承受。因此，在之后的13年里，它几乎一直被闲置着，无人触碰)”可知，作者之所以没有动吉他是因为一看到它，她就感到深深的悲伤。故选C项。 【44题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第三段“I started playing classical guitar when I was five. My father’s hands exploded across the strings like fireworks.(我五岁时开始学习古典吉他。父亲的双手在琴弦上灵动翻飞，宛如烟花绽放。)”及第四段“Then, at 11, I quit. Heartbroken, my father distanced himself. ... Our relationship didn’t rebound until, in my early 20s, I found myself pulled back to guitar.(然而，我11岁时放弃了吉他。父亲心碎不已，渐渐与我疏远。……直到我二十出头时，发现自己重新被吉他吸引，我们的关系才得以修复。)”及最后一段“I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers hurt. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb returns to life. The feeling delights me. It means I’m doing something right.(我来这里才两天，手指就已经疼了。那是一种尖锐的疼痛，就像睡着的肢体恢复知觉时的感觉。这种感觉让我很高兴。这意味着我在做正确的事情。)” 并通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者受父亲的影响学习弗拉门戈吉他，虽然中途放弃过，但出于对父亲的爱最终又重新学习吉他，虽然辛苦但是作者认为这是正确的事情。整体来看父爱贯穿于全文，所以B选项“对父亲的爱再次系在弦上”能概括文章大意，适合用作文章标题。故选B项。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I have been here for only two days, and already my fingers hurt. It’s a sharp pain, like when a fallen-asleep limb returns to life. The feeling delights me. It means I’m doing something right.(我来这里才两天，手指就已经疼了。那是一种尖锐的疼痛，就像睡着的肢体恢复知觉时的感觉。这种感觉让我很高兴。这意味着我在做正确的事情。)” 可知，作者将学吉他时手指的疼痛感比作肢体恢复知觉的感觉，且明确表示这种感觉让自己开心，说明她享受学习过程中的这份疼痛（暗含为追求梦想付出努力的愉悦）。故选A。 C In our daily lives, we often hear about the benefits of exercise for our physical health. But have you ever wondered about its effect on our memory? Well, a recent study from University College London has some interesting findings. The researchers discovered that 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, along with at least six hours of sleep at night, could potentially lead to an improvement in cognitive performance the following day. This means that activities like cycling to work or going for a brisk walk in the morning might not only make you feel good for the day but also have a positive impact on your memory the next day. Previous studies on the short-term effects of physical activity were mostly done in laboratories and focused on short time frames. However, this new study observed the real-life physical activity of 76 adults aged 50 — 83, who did not have cognitive impairment or dementia. These participants wore an accelerometer for eight days to track their sleep and physical activity. They also took simple online cognitive tests daily to measure their attention, memory, and processing speed. The results showed that each 30-minute increase in physical activity corresponded to a 2% — 5% increase in episodic and working memory scores the next day. But when sleep data was considered, only the working memory score improvement remained significant. The study also found that more sedentary behavior was associated with a drop in working memory scores, while getting enough sleep led to better scores in episodic memory and other aspects. Despite these findings, the study had its limitations. The participants were generally well-educated and had good health and high levels of daily physical activity, which might not represent the entire population. Also, the exact reason why exercise affects memory the next day is still unclear, as the benefits from neurotransmitters are thought to be short-lived. In conclusion, while we still have more to learn, this study suggests that staying active and getting enough sleep could be beneficial for our brain health and memory. So, let’s put on our running shoes and hit the sack early to give our brains a boost!(362) 46. What did the University College London study find? A. Any amount of exercise improves memory immediately. B. Thirty minutes of exercise and proper sleep may enhance next-day cognitive ability. C. Only intense exercise affects memory. D. Sleep has no connection to memory improvement. 47. How was this study different from previous ones? A. It involved a larger number of participants. B. It focused only on the long-term effects. C. It only studied younger people. D. It was based on real-life activity tracking. 48. What were the participants asked to do in the study? A. Exercise for a fixed time every day. B. Wear a device and do cognitive tests. C. Change their diet drastically. D. Avoid all sedentary activities. 49. What are the limitations of the study? A. The participants were all athletes. B. It didn’t consider the role of diet. C. The participants had specific characteristics. D. It was too expensive to conduct. 50. What is the main purpose of the last paragraph? A. To suggest practical applications of the findings. B. To criticize the study's limitations. C. To propose directions for future research. D. To explain the physiological mechanisms. 【答案】46. B 47. D 48. B 49. C 50. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍伦敦大学学院关于运动与睡眠对认知能力（尤其是记忆力）影响的最新研究发现、研究方式及局限性。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The researchers discovered that 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity, along with at least six hours of sleep at night, could potentially lead to an improvement in cognitive performance the following day.(研究人员发现，30分钟的中高强度体育活动，加上每晚至少6小时的睡眠，可能会在第二天改善认知表现)”可知，该研究发现30分钟运动加充足睡眠可能提升次日认知能力。故选B项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Previous studies on the short-term effects of physical activity were mostly done in laboratories and focused on short time frames. However, this new study observed the real-life physical activity of 76 adults...(以往关于体育活动短期影响的研究大多在实验室进行，且聚焦于短时间范围。然而，这项新研究观察了76名成年人的真实生活中的体育活动……)”可知，新研究与以往研究的不同之处在于它基于真实生活中的活动追踪。故选D项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“These participants wore an accelerometer for eight days to track their sleep and physical activity. They also took simple online cognitive tests daily...(这些参与者连续八天佩戴加速度计以追踪他们的睡眠和体育活动。他们还每天进行简单的在线认知测试……)”可知，参与者需要佩戴设备并完成认知测试。故选B项。 【49题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The participants were generally well-educated and had good health and high levels of daily physical activity, which might not represent the entire population.(参与者普遍受过良好教育、身体健康且日常体育活动水平较高，这可能无法代表全体人群)”可知，该研究的局限性在于参与者具有特定特征，不具备广泛代表性。故选C项。 【50题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In conclusion, while we still have more to learn, this study suggests that staying active and getting enough sleep could be beneficial for our brain health and memory. So, let’s put on our running shoes and hit the sack early to give our brains a boost!(总之，尽管我们还有很多东西要学，但这项研究表明，保持活跃和充足睡眠可能对我们的大脑健康和记忆力有益。所以，让我们穿上跑鞋，早点睡觉，给大脑充充电吧！)”可知，最后一段旨在将研究发现转化为实际建议，指导人们践行健康习惯。故选A项。 D When we think of leadership, we often think of strength and power. But what are these really, and how do they operate? Leadership today is not about forcing others to do things. If this is even possible, it is short-term, and tends to backfire. If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long term. They will also experience fear. Fear causes the thinking brain to shut down, making the person unable to function at his or her best. If they associate you with this emotion of fear, they will become less functional around you, and you will have succeeded in not only shooting yourself in the foot, but possibly making a very good employee or partner unable to perform effectively. Fear has no place in leadership. The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. We can order someone to do something, which may be part of the work days, or we can employ them at the emotional level, so they become fully devoted to the projects and provide some of their own motivation. Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. Leaders understand the way things work. They know the pay check is not the single most motivating factor in the work life of most people. The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence — knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. Developing your emotional intelligence is the single best thing you can do if you want to develop your relationships with people around you, which is the key to the leadership skills. 51. According to the passage, forcing others to do things might lead to ________. A. short-term cooperation and long-term trust B. immediate efficiency and lasting motivation C. temporary obedience and long-term negative feelings D. rapid task completion and improved relationships 52. An employee may have a feeling of fear in the work place when ________. A. he is forced to do things B. he cannot work at his best C. he feels his brain shut down D. he thinks of his work as too heavy 53. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. People tend to associate leadership with fear. B. Working conditions affect people’s physical health. C. Good relationship is the key to business success. D. Smart people are more functional in the work place. 54. To positively influence employees a leader should first of all ________. A. provide better suggestions B. develop his own personality C. give his employees a pay raise D. hide his own emotion of fear 55. Good leadership is mainly seen in a leader’s ability to ________. A. provide a variety of projects for employees B. help raise employee’s living standards C. give employees specific instructions D. deal wisely with employees’ emotions 【答案】51. C 52. A 53. C 54. B 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章批判了以强迫和恐惧为基础的领导方式，强调真正的领导力源于情商、品格和对员工情绪的妥善处理，良好的人际关系是职场成功的关键。 【51题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long term. (如果你强迫某人做违背他们意愿的事，他们可能会因为觉得必须做而服从，但他们内心的愤怒会在长期造成更大的伤害。)”可知，强迫他人做事可能导致暂时的服从和长期的负面情绪。故选C项。 【52题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“If you order someone to do something against their will, they may do it because they feel they must, but the anger they feel will do more harm in the long term. They will also experience fear. (如果你强迫某人做违背他们意愿的事，他们可能会因为觉得必须做而服从，但他们内心的愤怒会在长期造成更大的伤害。他们也会感到恐惧。)”可知，被强迫做事会让员工在职场中感到恐惧。故选A项。 【53题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Today’s work place is all about relationships. Anyone works harder in a positive environment in which they are recognized and valued as a human being as well as a worker. Everyone produces just a bit more for someone they like. (如今的工作场所都是关于人际关系的。在一个积极的环境中，任何人都能更努力地工作，在这种环境中，他们不仅是一名工人，而且是一名被认可和重视的人。每个人都会为自己喜欢的人多付出一点。)”可知，良好的人际关系提升员工的工作表现，是商业成功的关键。故选C项。 【54题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The way we influence people in a lasting way is by our own character, and our understanding and use of emotion. (我们持久影响他人的方式是通过我们自己的品格，以及我们对情绪的理解和运用。)”可知，领导者的品格和情商是持久影响力的基础。由此推知，为积极影响员工，领导者首先应发展自身品格。故选B项。 【55题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“The true strength of leadership is an inner strength that comes from the confidence of emotional intelligence — knowing your own emotions, and how to handle them, and those of others. (领导力的真正力量是一种内在的力量，它来自对情商的信心——了解自己的情绪，以及如何处理它们，以及其他人的情绪。)”可知，优秀的领导力主要体现在领导者能明智处理员工情绪。故选D项。 四、阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 I met Mrs. Sase in my senior year of high school. I was struggling greatly in her math class. On top of always struggling with math, I was dealing with the anxiety that came with being a foster youth and worrying deeply about the future that lay in store for me. I had been living with my foster parents (养父母), and our agreement was that after graduation I was to move out and begin my life as an adult to support myself, at seventeen. What accompanied the burden of the anxiety was a lack of motivation in school. Most teachers didn’t notice me. Mrs. Sase, however, took a closer look. I will never forget the first time she walked over to my desk and handed me a little folded note. It read, “Are you okay?” I was shocked by her genuine care and interest in my well-being. Not only was she sensitive enough to notice my reserve, but she also took the time to personally make a difference. She listened as I shared my most hidden fears about my past and the uncertain future that was closing in on me. She listened when others seemed to be too busy to show concern. And she agreed to write a letter of recommendation for me when I decided to apply for the Guardian Scholars Program, a program committed to helping ambitious, college-bound students exit the foster care system. I found new ambition through Mrs. Sase’s support and devotion to my academic and personal success. Gradually, not only did my grades improve, but my confidence also improved. The most amazing thing about Mrs. Sase was that I was just one of an army of students who would confess that Mrs. Sase had changed their lives. Her entire classroom was filled with letters of utmost appreciation for her and the life-changing impact she had on so many students. Once, Mrs. Sase was in hospital for a week, during which we students visited her in turns and tried our best to do something for her because in our mind Mrs. Sase was an angel who spread her wings far and wide. 56. What was the agreement between the author and his foster parents? (no more than 10 words) 57. How did the agreement affect the author? (no more than 12 words) 58. How did Mrs. Sase care about him? (no more than 15 words) 59. How do you understand the underlined part in the last paragraph? (no more than 15 words) 60. What do you learn from the author’s story? (no more than 20 words) 【答案】56. He should move out after graduation and live independently. 57. It caused him anxiety and a lack of motivation in school. 58. She listened to his worries and helped him apply for a scholar program. 59. Mrs. Sase was a great teacher who showed her love to many students. 60. Open. Reference answer: Apart from teaching knowledge, good teachers care about students’ minds and support their personal success. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的高中老师Sase夫人对他的关心与帮助，她是一位伟大的老师，她向许多学生表达了她的爱，学生们都非常感激她。 【56题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“I had been living with my foster parents, and our agreement was that after graduation I was to move out and begin my life as an adult to support myself, at seventeen. (我一直和我的养父母住在一起，我们的协议是，毕业后我要搬出去，在17岁时开始我的成人生活，自力更生)”可知，作者与其养父母之间的协议是在毕业后搬离家中，独立生活。故答案为He should move out after graduation and live independently. 【57题详解】 考查细节理解。根据文章第一段“I was dealing with the anxiety that came with being a foster youth (我还在应对作为一名寄养青年所带来的焦虑)”以及第二段“What accompanied the burden of the anxiety was a lack of motivation in school. (伴随着焦虑的是在学校缺乏动力)”可知，协议让作者感到焦虑，在学校缺乏动力。故答案为It caused him anxiety and a lack of motivation in school. 【58题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章第三段“She listened as I shared my most hidden fears about my past and the uncertain future that was closing in on me. (她听着我分享自己对过去和即将逼近的不确定未来最隐秘的恐惧)”以及“And she agreed to write a letter of recommendation for me when I decided to apply for the Guardian Scholars Program (当我决定申请《卫报学者计划》时，她同意为我写一封推荐信)”可推知，Sase夫人是通过倾听作者的烦恼，帮助他申请一个学者项目来关心他的。故答案为She listened to his worries and helped him apply for a scholar program. 【59题详解】 考查推理判断。根据文章倒数第二段“Her entire classroom was filled with letters of utmost appreciation for her and the life-changing impact she had on so many students. (她的教室里充满了对她以及她对许多学生改变人生的影响的赞赏之信)”以及最后一段“Once, Mrs. Sase was in hospital for a week, during which we students visited her in turns and tried our best to do something for her (有一次，Sase夫人在医院住了一个星期，在这期间，我们学生轮流去看望她，并尽力为她做点什么)”可推知，画线部分将Sase夫人比作一位天使，是因为她是一位伟大的老师，她向许多学生表达了她的爱，学生们非常感激她。故答案为Mrs. Sase was a great teacher who showed her love to many students. 【60题详解】 主观题，答案不唯一，有理有据即可。参考答案为Apart from teaching knowledge, good teachers care about students’ minds and support their personal success. 61. 假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。该活动主题涉及中华美食、中国传统手工艺、中国书法和绘画，拟招募学生现场教授相关技能。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信： (1)申请参加本次活动； (2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解； (3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 参考词汇：中国工坊 Chinese Workshop 中华美食 Chinese cuisine 手工艺 handicraft 书法 calligraphy 注意： (1)词数不少于100； (2)可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯； (3)开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Sir/Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Sir/Madam, I am Li Jin, an exchange student from China. Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school, I am writing to apply for taking part in the activity. The theme of the activity involves Chinese food, traditional Chinese handicrafts, Chinese calligraphy and painting. So I think this activity is very significant, which is conducive to spreading excellent traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural exchanges between China and Britain. As a Chinese, I have a passion for making Chinese cuisine, for example dumplings. Not only can I teach participants how to make dumplings, but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine. I would appreciate it if you would enroll me in the event. Looking forward to your reply. Sincerely yours, Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。假设你是晨光中学的学生李津，通过交换生项目在英国某中学就读，校方为加强中英文化交流，将举办“中国工坊” 活动。请按照以下提示，写一封申请信：(1)申请参加本次活动；(2)阐述你对本次文化交流活动意义的理解；(3)结合个人兴趣和特长，说明拟教授何种技能，并阐述原因。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold→host 参加：take part in→participate in 有助于：be conducive to→contribute to 促进、推动：promote→facilitate 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句： I would appreciate it if you would enroll me in the event. 拓展句：I would be very appreciative if you would enroll me in the event. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Knowing that Chinese Workshop will be held in the school, I am writing to apply for taking part in the activity.(运用了that引导的宾语从句以及现在分词Knowing作原因状语) 【高分句型2】 So I think this activity is very significant, which is conducive to spreading excellent traditional Chinese culture and promoting cultural exchanges between China and Britain. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句) 【高分句型3】Not only can I teach participants how to make dumplings, but also let them fall in love with Chinese cuisine.(not only...but also连接句子时，not only位于句首引起的部分倒装) 听力部分（共20分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 62. What does the woman usually use her phone for? A. Studying. B. Playing games. C. Watching films. 63. What are the speakers talking about? A. A concert. B. A restaurant. C. A photo show. 64. How will the speakers go to the zoo? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By taxi. 65. When does the cooking lesson start? A. At 2:30 B. At 3:30 C. At 4:00 66. What does the man ask the girl to do? A. Do her homework. B. Help her sister. C. Turn down the TV. 第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 听下面3段材料。每段材料有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段材料前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段材料读两遍。 听下面一段材料，回答第6至8小题。 67. Why is the man unhappy? A. He made a serious mistake at work. B. He quarreled with Mr. Scott. C. He missed a hiking trip. 68. What does the woman think of the man? A. Mean. B. Careless. C. Impolite. 69. What will the man do next? A. Call Mr. Scott. B. Contact his customer. C. Make a complaint. 听下面一段材料，回答第9至11小题。 70. What is needed to buy for the apartment? A. A sofa. B. A fridge. C. A TV set. 71. What is the disadvantage of the apartment? A. It's a little small. B. It's on the top floor. C. It's at the corner. 72. What does the woman ask about the apartment at last? A. Its location. B. Its price. C. Its size. 听下面一段材料，回答第12至15小题。 73. Why will the speaker go to Melbourne? A. To visit her sister. B. To study at a university. C. To enrich life experiences. 74. What does the speaker plan to do in Sydney? A. See kangaroos. B. Watch a music show. C. Visit Royal Botanic Gardens. 75. Where will the speaker return on the 10th? A. Melbourne. B. Queensland. C. Hamilton Island. 76. When will the speaker arrive in London? A. On the 11th B. On the 12th. C. On the 13th. 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $