广东深圳市龙岗区宏扬学校2026—2027学年八年级英语上学期学科素养形成练习 练习一

2026一2027学年八年级（上册)英语学科素养形成练习 练习一 Unit 1-Unit 2 参考答案 I.1-5 BDCAC 6-10 ABBCD IⅡ.11-15 BCDCD 16-20 ADBAC 21-25 BCACB 26-30 ECAFB 31-35 BCDFA III.36.fourth 37.up 38.studied 39.finishing 40.to help 41.for 42.the 43.he1 44.successfully 45.photos Ⅳ.参考范文： (-) The development of Shenzhen Metro Shenzhen Metro has changed a lot in the past twenty years.In 2004,Line 1 and Line 4 opened,and Shenzhen entered the metro era with two metro lines.In 2016,the number of metro lines increased to eight.By 2026,Shenzhen Metro has 17 lines,641.97 kilometres of tracks and 432 stations. The rapid development of Shenzhen Metro has brought great changes to people's lives.It makes travelling faster and easier.More and more people choose to take the metro because it is convenient and green.I feel proud of the development of my city. （二) The development of Shenzhen Metro Shenzhen Metro has changed a lot in the past twenty years.In 2004,Line 1 and Line 4 opened,and Shenzhen entered the metro era with only two lines.In 2010,Line 2 and Line 3 opened,and the number of metro lines increased to four.One year later,Line 5 opened,making the number reach five.In 2016, three more lines opened,and Shenzhen had eight metro lines.By 2026,Shenzhen Metro has 17 lines with a total length of 641.97 kilometres and 432 stations. The development of Shenzhen Metro has made a big difference to people's lives.It makes travelling around the city more convenient and saves people much time.I am proud of the rapid development of my city. 练习一2026一2027学年八年级英语（上册)学科素养形成练习 练习一 Unit 1-Unit 2 (满分：75分) 紧 I.完形填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。（共 10小题，每小题1分) Numbers are everywhere in our lives.They help us 1 things,and remember important information. However,sometimes a number 2 Have you ever noticed that there is no Windows 9 or iPhone 9? In 2015,Microsoft released (a new computer system called Windows 10.Many people 3,"Why not Windows 9?"Microsoft did not give a 4 answer,so no one knows 5 why it made this choice.Perhaps there was more than one reason behind it. One possible reason is that some older computer programmes 6 the name of the system.They 7 names like"Windows 95"or"Windows 98".If Microsoft had used the name Windows 9,these programmes might have thought it was one of the older systems and caused problems.So,using"Windows 10"could help avoid 杯 confusion. Apple also skipped (a number.After the iPhone 8,Apple released the iPhone X in 2017.The letter "X"is the Roman number for 10.Apple chose this name because it was the 8 anniversary (of the first iPhone.Later,Apple continued with the iPhone XS and iPhone 11. Numbers are not always just numbers.They can 9 a special meaning,tell a story,or create a strong feeling.The 10 number 9 is a good example.Sometimes,what we do not see can be just as interesting as what we see. )1.A.choose B.count C.change D.collect )2.A.appears B.changes C.returns D.disappears )3.A.answered B.remembered C.wondered D.decided )4.A.clear B.short C.simple D.special 的 )5.A.finally B.already C.exactly D.usually ( )6.A.checked B.created C.replaced D.changed ( )7.A.wrote down B.looked for C.paid back D.cared about ( )8.A.first B.tenth C.twentieth D.last )9.A.remember B.receive C.represent D.complete )10.A.strange B.lucky C.common D.missing 八年级英语（上册)练习一 第1页（共8页） Ⅱ.阅读理解(40分) 第一节阅读下列短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。（共15小题，每小 题1.5分) A Numbers can tell us many interesting things about animals.Some animals are very fast,some are very strong, and some are much bigger than we think.Let's look at a few amazing numbers in the animal world. The cheetah is the fastest land animal.It can run at about 100 kilometres per hour. However,it can only keep this speed for about 20 to 30 seconds.After that,it needs to rest. The blue whale is the largest animal on Earth.It can grow to about 30 metres long and weigh around 180 tonnes.Its heart is as heavy as a small car,and its tongue can weigh as much as an elephant. An African elephant eats about 150 kilograms of food and drinks about 200 litres of water every day.It uses its strong trunk to pick up food,drink water and even greet other elephants. A honeybee is very small,but it works hard.To make one kilogram of honey,bees must visit about four million flowers.Together they fly a very long distance to collect enough sweet nectar(花蜜). The peregrine falcon is the fastest animal in the world.When it dives to catch food,it can reach a speed of more than 300 kilometres per hour. These numbers may sound surprising,but they help us understand how amazing animals really are.The next time you see an animal,remember that every one of them has its own special story,and sometimes a number can tell that story better than many words. ()11.How fast can a cheetah run at the highest speed? A.About 20 kilometres per hour. B.About 100 kilometres per hour. C.About 180 kilometres per hour. D.More than 300 kilometres per hour. ()12.What can we learn about the blue whale from the passage? A.It is the fastest animal on Earth. B.It eats about 150 kilograms of food every day. C.Its heart is as heavy as a small car. D.Its tongue is smaller than an elephant's. 八年级英语（上册)练习一第2页（共8页） ()13.Why do honeybees visit millions of flowers? A.Because they want to find new homes. B.Because they want to help other animals. C.Because they need to make themselves bigger. D.Because they need to collect enough nectar. ()14.What can we know about the peregrine falcon? A.It can collect honey from millions of flowers. B.It needs to rest after flying for 30 seconds. C.It can fly faster than a cheetah can run. D.It is the largest animal in the world. ()15.What is the main idea of the passage? A.Animals are more important than humans. B.Animals need numbers to live better. C.People should protect all animals. D.Numbers can tell us interesting things about animals. ? Today we use the numbers like 1,2,3,4 and 5 every day.However,people in ancient Rome used a different way to write numbers.They are called Roman numerals. Roman numerals use only seven letters:I,V,X,L,C,D and M.Each letter stands for a number.I means 1,V means 5,X means 10,L means 50,C means 100,D means 500,and M means 1,000. Making numbers is not difficult.II means 2,and III means 3 because the letters are added together.VI means 6 because it is 5+1.However,when a smaller letter comes before a bigger one,you subtract it.For example,IV means 4 because it is 5-1,and IX means 9 because it is 10-1. Roman numerals are not often used for counting today,but we can still see them in many places.Some clocks use I to XII instead of 1 to 12.Some books use Roman numerals for the first pages.They are also used to name kings and queens,such as King Charles III and Queen Elizabeth II.You may even see them in the names of sports events,such as the 33rd Olympic Games,which used the Roman numerals XXXIII. Roman numerals are more than 2,000 years old.They remind us that numbers have a long history.Although we now use a different number system,Roman numerals are still an interesting part of our lives. ()16.How does the writer explain the meanings of Roman numerals? A.By giving examples. B.By asking questions. C.By telling a story. D.By comparing countries. 八年级英语（上册）练习一第3页（共8页） ()17.Which Roman numeral means 9? A.VI. B.IV. C.XI. D.IX. )18.Where can we still see Roman numerals today? A.On most road signs and maps. B.On clocks and the first pages of some books. C.On every page of most books. D.On all mobile phones and computers. ()19.Why does the writer mention King Charles III and Queen Elizabeth II? A.To show that Roman numerals are still used today. B.To tell readers more about British history. C.To explain why kings like Roman numerals. D.To compare Roman numerals with modern numbers. ()20.Which of the following is the best title for the passage? A.Anew way to count B.The history of ancient Rome C.Roman numerals:old but useful D.Different number systems around the world C The dodo was a large bird that lived on Mauritius,an island in the Indian Ocean.It was a type of bird,but it could not fly.The dodo had strong legs and a large beak ()It was about one metre tall.Today,many people know about this unusual bird,but it died out more than 300 years ago. Before people arrived on the island,the dodo lived a quiet life.It had very few enemies,so it was not afraid of people.When sailors()first visited Mauritius,they found the birds easy to catch.They also brought animals such as dogs,pigs and rats to the island.These animals ate the dodos'eggs.Soon,fewer and fewer young dodos were born. The original forests on the island became smaller because people cut down many trees.The dodos lost their homes as well as their food.In the end,the bird completely disappeared.Scientists believe the last dodo probably died in the late 1600s. Today,we cannot see a real dodo.There is not a single photo because cameras had not been invented at that time.However,old pictures,travellers'notebooks,and bones help scientists learn more about the bird.They believe the dodo is related to pigeons,although it looked very different. The story of the dodo teaches us an important lesson.Perhaps people did not understand how important every animal was.Now we know that every living thing plays an important role in nature.If we do not protect animals 八年级英语（上册）练习一第4页（共8页） and their homes,more species may die out in the future.Learning about the dodo reminds us that once an animal disappears,it cannot come back again. ()21.Why were the first sailors able to catch dodos easily? A.Because the dodos could fly only short distances. B.Because the dodos were not afraid of people. C.Because the dodos liked staying near the sea. D.Because the dodos wanted food from the sailors. ()22.What was one reason why fewer young dodos were born? A.Other birds took their homes. B.The weather became much colder. C.Animals brought by people ate their eggs. D.The dodos stopped laying eggs(下蛋). ()23.Why does the writer mention that there is not a single photo of the dodo? A.To tell readers that scientists learn about the dodo from other records. B.To encourage people to take more photos of wild animals. C.To explain why scientists know little about the dodo. D.To show that cameras were not popular at that time. ()24.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A.Many natural enemies lived on Mauritius before people arrived. B.The dodo disappeared before people reached Mauritius. C.Cutting down trees made the dodos lose their homes. D.The dodo was a small bird with weak legs ()25.What can we learn from the passage? A.Animals need safe places to live. B.Every animal is important in nature. C.Scientists know everything about animals. D.People can always save endangered animals. 第二节以下是一则短文，请阅读全文，并从下列方框里的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原 文的意思完整、连贯。（共5小题，每小题2分） A.Sadly,he died before the book was finally published () B.People study it because it is more than a medical book. C.Li Shizhen found that many old medical books had mistakes. D.Many people thanked Li Shizhen for helping them get better. E.It was written by Li Shizhen,a great doctor in the Ming dynasty. F.The book also includes many pictures to help people recognize the plants and other materials. 八年级英语（上册)练习一第5页（共8页） Bencao Gangmu is one of the greatest encyclopaedias of traditional Chinese medicine.Its English name is Compendium of Materia Medica.26. He came from a family of doctors and loved studying medicine from a young age. 27 Some information was not correct,and some useful plants were missing.He wanted to make a better book,so he travelled to many places.He talked with farmers,fishermen,travellers and other doctors.He also collected plants and carefully studied them himself.He worked on the book for nearly 30 years and checked it many times before finishing it in 1578.28. Bencao Gangmu describes 1,892 kinds of medicines.Most of them come from plants,but the book also includes medicines from animals and minerals().It includes over 11,000 recipes()for treating different illnesses.The medicines are grouped into different classes,making them easier to study and use.29. Today,Bencao Gangmu is famous not only in China but also in many other countries.30. also includes knowledge about plants,animals,minerals and nature.Thanks to Li Shizhen's careful work,this great encyclopaedia has become an important part of Chinese culture and the history of science. 第三节信息匹配 下面的材料A~F分别介绍了六种不同的百科全书。请根据Kate,David,Bob,Susan,Mike五个人的情 况，为他们选择合适的方法，并将其标号填入题前括号内。（共5小题，每小题1.5分) A.Dinosaurs around the world This encyclopedia tells readers about different types of dinosaurs.It explains where they lived,what they ate,and why they died out.There are also colourful pictures and maps.It is a good book for students who enjoy prehistoric animals. B.Great artists through history Would you like to learn about famous artists?This encyclopedia introduces their birth and death,their most famous pieces of art,and the stories behind their works.It also shows how art has changed over time. C.Amazing numbers This encyclopedia is full of interesting facts about numbers.It explains Roman numbers,large numbers, percentages and symbols in simple ways.Readers can also find fun number games and quizzes. D.Animals in danger Many animals are becoming fewer every year.This encyclopedia explains why some animals are in danger and how people can protect them.It also introduces animals that have already died out,such as the dodo. E.How things move This encyclopedia introduces different types of vehicles,from bicycles to high-speed trains and planes. It explains how they work and how they have changed people's lives. 八年级英语（上册)练习一第6页（共8页） F.Young scientists'notebook This encyclopedia teaches students to observe,record and organize information like young scientists. It also shows how to keep a notebook and carry out simple science projects. ()31.Kate loves drawing.She wants to learn about famous painters and their works. ()32.David is interested in very large numbers and wants to know how people wrote numbers hundreds of years ago. ()33.Bob enjoys learning about animals.He wants to know why some animals disappeared forever. ()34.Susan wants to become a scientist.She hopes to learn how to keep good records during her experiments. ()35.Mike is interested in giant animals that lived millions of years ago.He would like to know why they no longer live on Earth. L.语法填空(10分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10小题，每小题1分） Lai Ka-ying is a Chinese astronaut from Hong Kong.She is the first female Chinese civilian (to travel into space and the first astronaut from Hong Kong. She joined China's 36. (four)group of astronauts after passing many difficult tests and training programmes. Lai was born in Hong Kong in November 1982 and grew 37. Tsuen Wan.She 38. (study)computer science and information systems at The University of Hong Kong.After 39. (finish)her studies,she worked for the Hong Kong Police Force.Her job included computer forensics and cyber security(电子取证及网络安全).She wanted to use her knowledge40. (help)the public. In 2022,Lai applied to become a payload specialist()when China started choosing a new group of astronauts.She trained hard in Beijing 41 two years.During 42. training,she improved her Mandarin,learned to use a spacesuit,and completed many challenging exercises. Lai says she is proud to serve 43. (she)country and hopes to finish every task 44. (success).She also wants to look at China from space and take 45. (photo)of the Earth.Her story encourages young people to work hard,never give up,and follow their dreams. V.书面表达(15分) 最近二十几年中，深圳地铁取得了巨大的发展，请你以“The development of Shenzhen Metro”为题， 根据以下参考数据，写一篇英语作文介绍深圳地铁的发展变化，并谈谈地铁发展给深圳和人们生活带来的 影响。 八年级英语（上册）练习一第7页（共8页） 参考数据： 2004年：12月28日，深圳地铁1号线、4号线开通，共有2条线路，深圳正式进入地铁时代。 2010年：2号线、3号线开通，线路总数达到4条。 2011年：5号线开通，线路总数达到5条。 2016年：7号线、9号线、11号线开通，线路总数达到8条。 2026年：深圳地铁共有17条线路，轨道全长641.97公里，共有432座车站。 要点：1.深圳地铁的发展历程： 2.至少引用两组参考数据说明深圳地铁的变化： 3.谈谈你对深圳地铁发展的感受或看法。 要求：1.要点齐全，可适当发挥： 2.条理清楚，语句通顺，意义连贯，书写规范： 3.不得出现真实姓名和校名： 4.80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。 参考词汇：时代(era):地铁线路(metro line).:轨道(track) The development of Shenzhen Metro Shenzhen Metro has changed a lot in the past twenty years. 八年级英语（上册）练习一第8页（共8页）