Unit 5 Period 2 Using language（分层作业）英语外研版选择性必修第二册

分层作业 Unit 5 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 1、 将下列单词短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 代表 _______________ 2. 适应新环境 _______________ 3. （数量）下降 _______________ 4. 吸取教训 _______________ 5. 采取行动 _______________ 6. 对…… 构成威胁 _______________ 7. 处理；应对 _______________ 8. 灭绝；绝种 _______________ 9. 换句话说 _______________ 10. 对…… 免疫 _______________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. Many wild animals cannot build up ____ (免疫力) to this new virus. 2. The ____ (减少) of the lake area has destroyed the local ecosystem. 3. The local government is trying to ____ (处理) the problem of species loss. 4. This old building is part of our cultural ____ (遗产). 5. The ____ (巨大的) plain provides living space for thousands of wild animals. 6. The plants here ____ (茁壮成长) in warm and wet conditions. 7. We need to set a clear ____ (标准) to judge the wildlife protection project. 8. The ____ (生态) of this area has been greatly improved after years of protection. 9. The ____ (居民；栖居动物) of the wetland include birds, frogs and insects. 10. The report shows that the population of rare birds has ____ (下降) sharply. 三、用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。 forest   desert   oasis   ecosystem   biodiversity   natural   wild   vast   fertile The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical ___1___ on Earth, covering over five million square kilometers. It contains more than ten percent of all known species, making it a global hotspot of ___2___. This incredible ___3___ includes jaguars, toucans, monkeys, and millions of insects, all depending on each other for survival. In complete contrast, the Sahara ___4___ receives less than 100 millimeters of rain per year, yet life still exists there in remarkable ways. Travelers crossing such dry regions rely on rare ___5___ where underground water rises to the surface, allowing palm trees and animals to survive. All these environments are part of the ___6___ world that existed long before humans built cities and roads. ___7___ animals such as wolves, bears, eagles, and tigers need large territories to find food and mates. The ___8___ grasslands of Mongolia and the African savanna support millions of grazing animals like zebras and antelopes. ___9___ soil in river deltas, such as the Nile Delta, allows farmers to grow abundant crops like wheat, rice, and vegetables. Protecting these diverse landscapes is essential for the long-term health of our planet and for future generations to enjoy. Without immediate action, many of these natural wonders will disappear forever due to deforestation, pollution, and climate change. 四、补全句子 1．不要认为别人帮助你是理所当然的事。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ that others give you a hand. 2．The twins ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for their mom. 这对双胞胎觉得为母亲做饭很愉快。 3．她认为弥合数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能上网并掌握新技术的使用非常重要。 （it 作形式主语） She believes that ____________________ and make sure that everyone has access to the internet and knows how to use new technology. 4．I believe that he is honest. It is true. I think ________ true ________ he is honest. 5．I find the book useful.（改为形式宾语结构） I find ________ ________ to read the book. 6．互联网使我们在家里购物成为可能。 The Internet makes ________ ________ for us to shop at home. 五、语法填空 If you’re a fan of penguins, you might enjoy 1 (participate) in a new research project to help scientists measure changes of penguin populations. The project 2 (name) Penguin Watch and the members are counting penguins in online 3 (photo) taken across Macquarie Island, so that scientists could monitor the species in their natural habitat. Up to now, nearly 40,000 volunteers have joined in the project. “Penguin Watch is people-powered research 4 people can help and every click 5 (matter) in helping us to understand penguins,” Tom Hart, who is 6 expert from the University of Oxford and a member of the Penguin Watch team, told The Telegraph. The data 7 (collect) by volunteers will also assist scientists in measuring changes in not only penguins’ behavior and habitat, 8 the larger ecosystem. “Finally, this huge data set allows us to 9 (effective) train computers to take over from humans and helps us pass on the tools developed for penguins to the species 10 threat,” said Hart. 六、阅读理解 More than 5,000 species of birds manage annual round-trip migrations (迁徙). These journeys can be thousands of miles, with many birds often returning to the exact same nesting and wintering place from year to year. Migration is very important in the life cycle of birds, and without this annual journey many birds would not be able to raise their young. Birds migrate to find the most abundant food that will provide adequate energy to raise young birds. If no birds migrated, competition for adequate food during the breeding (繁殖) season would be fierce and many birds would starve. Of course, not all birds migrate. Some birds can take advantage of different food sources as seasons change, allowing them to stay in one place all year round. Other birds are better adapted to cold climates with thicker fat and better feathers, and they can survive long cold seasons while they forage for food for winter. For more than half the world’s birds, however, migration is necessary to stay alive. When the timing is right for their migrating needs, birds will begin their journey. Food, weather, temperature and illness or injury are several minor aspects that may affect migration by a day or two, but most bird species follow precise migration “schedule”. While migration is at its finest during spring and fall, birds migrate all throughout the year. Migration is actually an ongoing process and there are always birds at some stage of their journeys. The distance the birds must fly, the length of time it takes to mate and the amount of young birds all affect when any one species is migrating. Migratory birds have several changes before the journey. Among them is hyperphagia, the process of migration-related weight gain. As daylight hours change and migration time near, a bird’s hormone levels will change and they will build a greater fat supply. Besides, old, ragged feathers create more wind drag and air resistance, which requires a bird to use more energy in flight, so many birds replace old feathers with new ones. 1．What will happen if many birds don’t migrate? A．They will stop reproducing during the breeding season. B．They will abandon young birds for lack of food. C．They will be unable to find places for nesting. D．They will be in danger of starvation. 2．What does the underlined phrase “forage for” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Run out of. B．Cut down on. C．Search for. D．Wait for. 3．What can we learn about birds’ migration? A．Most birds begin their journey at the arrival of spring. B．Warm temperature usually advances it by a day or two. C．There is almost little migration of birds in winter. D．Birds’ migration is affected by various aspects. 4．How will migratory birds benefit from the process of hyperphagia? A．They will tend to use less energy in flight. B．They will store enough energy for travelling. C．They will replace old feathers with new ones. D．They will better sense the changes of daylight. 七、七选五 Anger is a normal emotion. But uncontrolled anger can ruin your life. Here are some tips to manage anger. ● Relax. Take several deep breaths. 1 ● Change the way you think. Angry thinking is often exaggerated and dramatic. 2 For instance, instead of telling yourself, “Oh, it’s terrible! Everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “It’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world.” ● 3 Statements like “This never works.” or “You’re always forgetting things.” will make you feel your anger is justified and there’s no way to solve the problem. They also hurt people around you. ● Have better communication. Angry people tend to jump to conclusions. If you are in a heated discussion, slow down. 4 Listen to what is behind the words. Don’t fight back immediately even when you feel criticized. ● Use humor. Try imagining a funny scene about the thing that makes you angry. The more detail you can get into your imaginary scenes, the more likely it is to put a smile on your face. 5 A. Be careful with words like never or always. B. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying. C. Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones. D. Anger can help us find our real needs in relationships. E. Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “take it easy”. F. You should avoid joking when you are really angry. G. That will help you realize that the things you’re angry about are really not very important. $分层作业 Unit 5 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 1、 将下列单词短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 【答案】 1. on behalf of 2. adapt to the new environment 3. decrease in number 4. learn a lesson 5. take action 6. pose a threat to 7. tackle/deal with 8. die out 9. in other words 10. be immune to 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 【答案】 1. immunity 2. decrease 3. tackle 4. heritage 5. vast 6. thrive 7. criterion 8. ecology 9. inhabitants 10. decreased 三、用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。 【答案】 1．forest 2．biodiversity 3．ecosystem 4．desert 5．oasis 6．natural 7．Wild 8．vast 9．Fertile 四、补全句子 【答案】 1. take it for granted 2. found it delightful to cook 3. it is highly important to bridge the digital divide 4. it that 5. it useful 6. it possible 五、语法填空 【答案】 1．participating 2．is named 3．photos 4．where 5．matters 6．an 7．collected 8．but 9．effectively 10．under 六、阅读理解 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了鸟类迁徙的相关知识，包括迁徙的原因以及影响迁徙的因素。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If no birds migrated, competition for adequate food during the breeding (繁殖) season would be fierce and many birds would starve”(如果没有鸟迁移，在繁殖季节争夺足够食物的竞争将是激烈的，许多鸟会饿死)可知,如果鸟类不迁徙就会有饿死的危险。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Other birds are better adapted to cold climates with thicker fat and better feathers, and they can survive long cold season while they forage for food for winter.”可知，些不迁徙的鸟类在冬天会靠自己身上的脂肪和羽毛让自己适应严寒天气，以便在forage for冬季食物时能挺过冬天。结合语境，尤其是划线词后的“food for winter”推知画线短语的意思是“寻找”，与search for相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The distance the birds must fly, the length of time it takes to mate and the amount of young birds all affect when any one species is migrating（鸟类必须飞行的距离、交配所需的时间以及幼鸟的数量都会影响到任何一个物种的迁徙）”可知出鸟类的迁徙受到很多因素的影响。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Migratory birds have several changes before the journey…they will build a greater fat supply（候鸟在迁徙前会有一些变化......他们将增加脂肪供应）”可知，在迁徙前，它们将储存足够的能量以备迁徙之需。故选B。 七、七选五 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．G 【详解】1．根据空前的小标题“Relax.(放松)”可知，该段主要讲述的是在考试之前要放轻松。E选项“Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “take it easy”.(然后慢慢地重复一个平静的单词或短语，比如“放轻松”。)”中的take it easy与标题相对应，故选E。 2．根据下文的“ For instance, instead of telling yourself, “Oh, it’s terrible! Everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “It’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world.”(例如，不要告诉自己：“哦，这太糟糕了！一切都毁了，”告诉自己，“我对此感到沮丧是可以理解的，但这不是世界末日。”)”可知，此处强调的是要避免自己有一些消极的想法。故C选项“Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones.(试着用更合理的想法取代这些想法。)”与此呼应，故选C。 3．设空处是本段的小标题。根据后文的“Statements like “This never works.” or “You’re always forgetting things.” will make you feel your anger is justified and there’s no way to solve the problem.(像这样的陈述“这从来都没用”。或者“你总是忘事。”会让你觉得你的愤怒是有道理的，而且没有办法解决问题。)”可知，本段作者要建议人们谨慎使用带有never或always的话语。故选A。 4．根据空前的小标题“Have better communication. (拥有良好的交流)”可知，本段强调的是交流的重要性。同时根据空前的“If you are in a heated discussion, slow down. (如果你正在进行一场激烈的讨论，那就放慢速度。)”可知，此处强调的是作者建议人们在激烈的讨论中，不要轻易下结论，要认真倾听，良好沟通，从而避免怒气的产生。B 选项“Listen carefully to what the other person is saying.( 仔细听对方在说什么。)”与此呼应，故选B。 5．根据本段段旨“Use humor. (使用幽默)”可知，本段强调的是幽默的重要性。根据空前的“The more detail you can get into your imaginary scenes, the more likely it is to put a smile on your face.(你想象的场景中细节越多，你脸上就越有可能露出笑容。)”可知，幽默可以让人意识到令人生气的事其实并没有那么重要。故G选项“That will help you realize that the things you’re angry about are really not very important.(这将帮助你意识到你生气的事情其实并不重要。)”与此呼应，故选G。 $分层作业 Unit 5 Period 2 Using language 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 1、 将下列单词短语翻译为英文。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. 代表 _______________ 2. 适应新环境 _______________ 3. （数量）下降 _______________ 4. 吸取教训 _______________ 5. 采取行动 _______________ 6. 对…… 构成威胁 _______________ 7. 处理；应对 _______________ 8. 灭绝；绝种 _______________ 9. 换句话说 _______________ 10. 对…… 免疫 _______________ 【答案】 1. on behalf of 2. adapt to the new environment 3. decrease in number 4. learn a lesson 5. take action 6. pose a threat to 7. tackle/deal with 8. die out 9. in other words 10. be immune to 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词。 1. Many wild animals cannot build up ____ (免疫力) to this new virus. 2. The ____ (减少) of the lake area has destroyed the local ecosystem. 3. The local government is trying to ____ (处理) the problem of species loss. 4. This old building is part of our cultural ____ (遗产). 5. The ____ (巨大的) plain provides living space for thousands of wild animals. 6. The plants here ____ (茁壮成长) in warm and wet conditions. 7. We need to set a clear ____ (标准) to judge the wildlife protection project. 8. The ____ (生态) of this area has been greatly improved after years of protection. 9. The ____ (居民；栖居动物) of the wetland include birds, frogs and insects. 10. The report shows that the population of rare birds has ____ (下降) sharply. 【答案】 1. immunity 2. decrease 3. tackle 4. heritage 5. vast 6. thrive 7. criterion 8. ecology 9. inhabitants 10. decreased 三、用方框内所给单词的正确形式填空。 forest   desert   oasis   ecosystem   biodiversity   natural   wild   vast   fertile The Amazon rainforest is the largest tropical ___1___ on Earth, covering over five million square kilometers. It contains more than ten percent of all known species, making it a global hotspot of ___2___. This incredible ___3___ includes jaguars, toucans, monkeys, and millions of insects, all depending on each other for survival. In complete contrast, the Sahara ___4___ receives less than 100 millimeters of rain per year, yet life still exists there in remarkable ways. Travelers crossing such dry regions rely on rare ___5___ where underground water rises to the surface, allowing palm trees and animals to survive. All these environments are part of the ___6___ world that existed long before humans built cities and roads. ___7___ animals such as wolves, bears, eagles, and tigers need large territories to find food and mates. The ___8___ grasslands of Mongolia and the African savanna support millions of grazing animals like zebras and antelopes. ___9___ soil in river deltas, such as the Nile Delta, allows farmers to grow abundant crops like wheat, rice, and vegetables. Protecting these diverse landscapes is essential for the long-term health of our planet and for future generations to enjoy. Without immediate action, many of these natural wonders will disappear forever due to deforestation, pollution, and climate change. 【答案】 1．forest 2．biodiversity 3．ecosystem 4．desert 5．oasis 6．natural 7．Wild 8．vast 9．Fertile 四、补全句子 1．不要认为别人帮助你是理所当然的事。 Don’t ________ ________ ________ ________ that others give you a hand. 2．The twins ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ for their mom. 这对双胞胎觉得为母亲做饭很愉快。 3．她认为弥合数字鸿沟、确保每个人都能上网并掌握新技术的使用非常重要。 （it 作形式主语） She believes that ____________________ and make sure that everyone has access to the internet and knows how to use new technology. 4．I believe that he is honest. It is true. I think ________ true ________ he is honest. 5．I find the book useful.（改为形式宾语结构） I find ________ ________ to read the book. 6．互联网使我们在家里购物成为可能。 The Internet makes ________ ________ for us to shop at home. 【答案】 1. take it for granted 2. found it delightful to cook 3. it is highly important to bridge the digital divide 4. it that 5. it useful 6. it possible 五、语法填空 If you’re a fan of penguins, you might enjoy 1 (participate) in a new research project to help scientists measure changes of penguin populations. The project 2 (name) Penguin Watch and the members are counting penguins in online 3 (photo) taken across Macquarie Island, so that scientists could monitor the species in their natural habitat. Up to now, nearly 40,000 volunteers have joined in the project. “Penguin Watch is people-powered research 4 people can help and every click 5 (matter) in helping us to understand penguins,” Tom Hart, who is 6 expert from the University of Oxford and a member of the Penguin Watch team, told The Telegraph. The data 7 (collect) by volunteers will also assist scientists in measuring changes in not only penguins’ behavior and habitat, 8 the larger ecosystem. “Finally, this huge data set allows us to 9 (effective) train computers to take over from humans and helps us pass on the tools developed for penguins to the species 10 threat,” said Hart. 【答案】 1．participating 2．is named 3．photos 4．where 5．matters 6．an 7．collected 8．but 9．effectively 10．under 六、阅读理解 More than 5,000 species of birds manage annual round-trip migrations (迁徙). These journeys can be thousands of miles, with many birds often returning to the exact same nesting and wintering place from year to year. Migration is very important in the life cycle of birds, and without this annual journey many birds would not be able to raise their young. Birds migrate to find the most abundant food that will provide adequate energy to raise young birds. If no birds migrated, competition for adequate food during the breeding (繁殖) season would be fierce and many birds would starve. Of course, not all birds migrate. Some birds can take advantage of different food sources as seasons change, allowing them to stay in one place all year round. Other birds are better adapted to cold climates with thicker fat and better feathers, and they can survive long cold seasons while they forage for food for winter. For more than half the world’s birds, however, migration is necessary to stay alive. When the timing is right for their migrating needs, birds will begin their journey. Food, weather, temperature and illness or injury are several minor aspects that may affect migration by a day or two, but most bird species follow precise migration “schedule”. While migration is at its finest during spring and fall, birds migrate all throughout the year. Migration is actually an ongoing process and there are always birds at some stage of their journeys. The distance the birds must fly, the length of time it takes to mate and the amount of young birds all affect when any one species is migrating. Migratory birds have several changes before the journey. Among them is hyperphagia, the process of migration-related weight gain. As daylight hours change and migration time near, a bird’s hormone levels will change and they will build a greater fat supply. Besides, old, ragged feathers create more wind drag and air resistance, which requires a bird to use more energy in flight, so many birds replace old feathers with new ones. 1．What will happen if many birds don’t migrate? A．They will stop reproducing during the breeding season. B．They will abandon young birds for lack of food. C．They will be unable to find places for nesting. D．They will be in danger of starvation. 2．What does the underlined phrase “forage for” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Run out of. B．Cut down on. C．Search for. D．Wait for. 3．What can we learn about birds’ migration? A．Most birds begin their journey at the arrival of spring. B．Warm temperature usually advances it by a day or two. C．There is almost little migration of birds in winter. D．Birds’ migration is affected by various aspects. 4．How will migratory birds benefit from the process of hyperphagia? A．They will tend to use less energy in flight. B．They will store enough energy for travelling. C．They will replace old feathers with new ones. D．They will better sense the changes of daylight. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．D 4．B 【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了鸟类迁徙的相关知识，包括迁徙的原因以及影响迁徙的因素。 【详解】1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“If no birds migrated, competition for adequate food during the breeding (繁殖) season would be fierce and many birds would starve”(如果没有鸟迁移，在繁殖季节争夺足够食物的竞争将是激烈的，许多鸟会饿死)可知,如果鸟类不迁徙就会有饿死的危险。故选D。 2．词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Other birds are better adapted to cold climates with thicker fat and better feathers, and they can survive long cold season while they forage for food for winter.”可知，些不迁徙的鸟类在冬天会靠自己身上的脂肪和羽毛让自己适应严寒天气，以便在forage for冬季食物时能挺过冬天。结合语境，尤其是划线词后的“food for winter”推知画线短语的意思是“寻找”，与search for相近。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The distance the birds must fly, the length of time it takes to mate and the amount of young birds all affect when any one species is migrating（鸟类必须飞行的距离、交配所需的时间以及幼鸟的数量都会影响到任何一个物种的迁徙）”可知出鸟类的迁徙受到很多因素的影响。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Migratory birds have several changes before the journey…they will build a greater fat supply（候鸟在迁徙前会有一些变化......他们将增加脂肪供应）”可知，在迁徙前，它们将储存足够的能量以备迁徙之需。故选B。 七、七选五 Anger is a normal emotion. But uncontrolled anger can ruin your life. Here are some tips to manage anger. ● Relax. Take several deep breaths. 1 ● Change the way you think. Angry thinking is often exaggerated and dramatic. 2 For instance, instead of telling yourself, “Oh, it’s terrible! Everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “It’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world.” ● 3 Statements like “This never works.” or “You’re always forgetting things.” will make you feel your anger is justified and there’s no way to solve the problem. They also hurt people around you. ● Have better communication. Angry people tend to jump to conclusions. If you are in a heated discussion, slow down. 4 Listen to what is behind the words. Don’t fight back immediately even when you feel criticized. ● Use humor. Try imagining a funny scene about the thing that makes you angry. The more detail you can get into your imaginary scenes, the more likely it is to put a smile on your face. 5 A. Be careful with words like never or always. B. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying. C. Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones. D. Anger can help us find our real needs in relationships. E. Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “take it easy”. F. You should avoid joking when you are really angry. G. That will help you realize that the things you’re angry about are really not very important. 【答案】1．E 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．G 【详解】1．根据空前的小标题“Relax.(放松)”可知，该段主要讲述的是在考试之前要放轻松。E选项“Then slowly repeat a calm word or phrase such as “take it easy”.(然后慢慢地重复一个平静的单词或短语，比如“放轻松”。)”中的take it easy与标题相对应，故选E。 2．根据下文的“ For instance, instead of telling yourself, “Oh, it’s terrible! Everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “It’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world.”(例如，不要告诉自己：“哦，这太糟糕了！一切都毁了，”告诉自己，“我对此感到沮丧是可以理解的，但这不是世界末日。”)”可知，此处强调的是要避免自己有一些消极的想法。故C选项“Try replacing these thoughts with more reasonable ones.(试着用更合理的想法取代这些想法。)”与此呼应，故选C。 3．设空处是本段的小标题。根据后文的“Statements like “This never works.” or “You’re always forgetting things.” will make you feel your anger is justified and there’s no way to solve the problem.(像这样的陈述“这从来都没用”。或者“你总是忘事。”会让你觉得你的愤怒是有道理的，而且没有办法解决问题。)”可知，本段作者要建议人们谨慎使用带有never或always的话语。故选A。 4．根据空前的小标题“Have better communication. (拥有良好的交流)”可知，本段强调的是交流的重要性。同时根据空前的“If you are in a heated discussion, slow down. (如果你正在进行一场激烈的讨论，那就放慢速度。)”可知，此处强调的是作者建议人们在激烈的讨论中，不要轻易下结论，要认真倾听，良好沟通，从而避免怒气的产生。B 选项“Listen carefully to what the other person is saying.( 仔细听对方在说什么。)”与此呼应，故选B。 5．根据本段段旨“Use humor. (使用幽默)”可知，本段强调的是幽默的重要性。根据空前的“The more detail you can get into your imaginary scenes, the more likely it is to put a smile on your face.(你想象的场景中细节越多，你脸上就越有可能露出笑容。)”可知，幽默可以让人意识到令人生气的事其实并没有那么重要。故G选项“That will help you realize that the things you’re angry about are really not very important.(这将帮助你意识到你生气的事情其实并不重要。)”与此呼应，故选G。 $