精品解析：山东省泰山中学2026-2027学年高二上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

山东省泰山中学 2025 级高二上学期第一次月度质量检测 英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 1. What was the woman doing just now? A. Making a phone call. B. Looking up a word in the dictionary. C. Recording a word’s pronunciation. 2. When will the man have his driving test? A. On the 4th. B. On the 14th. C. On the 6th. 3. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 4. What does Linda do? A. She is a waitress. B. She is a tour guide. C. She is a student. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their plans for the future. B. A dancing class. C. Michelle's hobby. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What time is it now? A. 3:15 pm. B. 3:30 pm. C. 3:45 pm. 7. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Have a look around. B. Sit for a while. C. Take classes now. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. How does the woman look to the man? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervous. 9. Why does the woman go to China? A. To work. B. To study C. To travel. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What does John like doing? A. Eating out. B. Cooking at home. C. Ordering takeout. 11. Where will Jennifer have dinner tonight? A. In a French restaurant. B. In a Mexican restaurant. C. In an Italian restaurant. 12. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. How old is Henry now? A. 20. B. 25. C. 26. 14. How did Henry go to school on the first day? A. By bicycle. B. By bus. C. By car. 15. What was the headmaster like? A. He was impatient. B. He was serious. C. He was kind. 16. What did Henry do at school that day? A. He made two new friends. B. He played games in the classroom. C. He watched a match on the playground. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What is Stephen Wiltshire’s nationality? A. French. B. Japanese. C. English. 18. What does Stephen Wiltshire do before drawing a city? A. He walks around it. B. He observes it on a tall building. C. He takes a helicopter flight over it. 19. Why did Stephen Wiltshire start drawing? A. To display the buildings. B. To calm himself down. C. To show his amazing memory. 20. Where is the talk most probably being given? A. At a studio. B. At an art exhibition. C. At a classroom. 第二部分阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) A In what has become an annual tradition, the staff of National Public Radio bring you a mighty year-end guide of Books We Love. Here are a handful of the most interesting picks. We hope you enjoy the selections and take time to look through for a while! Crying in H Mart by Michelle Zauner Michelle Zauner lays out the complexity and the ongoing sorrow of losing a parent in her 20s, just as her own life is about to start. Zauner writes about how she turned to Korean food to process her sadness when her mother, her only tie to Korean culture, died of cancer. The book reflects on how cooking and eating the food that her mom once prepared gives her a way to connect to her identity. Fat Chance, Charlie Vega by Crystal Maldonado Crystal Maldonado creates a much-needed believable character with teenage and adult readers. Charlie Vega is fat and wears glasses, with a diet-pushing mother and a beautiful, athletic best friend. When her classmate Brian pursues a romantic relationship, Charlie is bothered with self doubt. The book, which tells a well-observed story of fat teenage life, is developed by internal (内在的) and external (外在的) conflicts. The Most Fun Thing: Dispatches (快讯) from a Skateboard Life by Kyle Beachy The year 2021 was the year of skateboarding, which has been transformed into an Olympic sport. And many have picked up skateboards for the first time, so The Most Fun Thing couldn’t have come at a better time. Kyle Beachy, a longtime skater and writing professor, is devoted to exploring the meaning of skateboarding based on related essays of a decade. The Secret History of Home Economics by Danielle Dreilinger It’s generally thought that home economics is just a class taken at school, which is appropriately named Mrs Housekeeper. But in reading this book, you can discover that in the early 20th century, the field provided jobs for women in science, companies and governments. Danielle Dreilinger also makes the case that cooking and managing a budget are invaluable lessons for all children and should still be school courses. 1. What is Charlie Vega like? A. Romantic. B. Unconfident. C. Smart. D. Dishonest. 2. Who is a sports lover? A. Michelle Zauner. B. Crystal Maldonado. C. Kyle Beachy. D. Danielle Dreilinger. 3. What do Crying in H Mart and The Secret History of Home Economics have in common? A. They both involve the topic of cookery. B. They both mention the bond with parents. C. They both state how to survive economic hardship. D. They both stress the necessity of ensuring women’s rights. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了几本由National Public Radio推荐的年度好书。 【详解】1. 推理判断题。根据第三段“When her classmate Brian pursues a romantic relationship, Charlie is bothered with self doubt.”（当她的同学布莱恩开始谈恋爱时，查理被自我怀疑所困扰）推知，Charlie有些不太自信。故选B项。 2. 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Kyle Beachy, a longtime skater and writing professor, is devoted to exploring the meaning of skateboarding based on related essays of a decade.”（凯尔·比奇(Kyle Beachy)是一名资深的滑板运动员和写作教授，他根据过去十年的相关文章，致力于探索滑板的意义）可知，Kyle Beachy是一位运动爱好者。故选C项。 3.细节理解题。根据文章第二段“The book reflects on how cooking and eating the food that her mom once prepared gives her a way to connect to her identity.”（这本书反映了烹饪和食用她母亲曾经准备的食物是如何让她与自己的身份联系起来的）以及第五段“Danielle Dreilinger also makes the case that cooking and managing a budget are invaluable lessons for all children and should still be school courses.”（丹妮尔·德莱林格(Danielle Dreilinger)还提出，烹饪和管理预算对所有孩子来说都是宝贵的课程，应该仍然是学校的课程）可知， Crying in H Mart 和The Secret History of Home Economics这两本书都涉及了烹饪的内容。故选A项。 B A psychologist at Stanford once did an experiment. He assigned preschool children to three groups. The first group watched adults play rudely with an inflatable clown (充气小丑) called Bobo; another watched adults play quietly with a different toy while ignoring Bobo; and the third had no exposure to these adult role models. Next, each of the children was left alone with Bobo. The results of the study were striking. Only the children in the first group later kicked Bobo, hit it with a stick, and sat on it just as they watched the adults do. The above study indicates kids may follow suit if they see what others do. That’s why role models matter. When kids are exposed to role models they can relate to, it helps them set ambitious goals. Don’t assume kids know they can be anything they want when they grow up. Take myself for example. “Angela, do you think the US will elect a female president in your lifetime?” Years ago, this was the last question of the last interview for a scholarship I didn’t win. Without hesitation I shook my head saying “no”. As the interview ended, I sensed I’d given an answer the committee found disappointing. “Of course there will be a female president,” they wanted me to say with a confident smile. “And I hope I have your vote.” Like most children, my first role models were in my family. My dad had a PhD in chemistry. My uncles and countless cousins were mostly doctors or scientists. So, if you’d asked me in, say, third grade, “Angela, could you become a college professor someday if you tried?” Without a bit of evidence that I’d be any good at such a career, I’d have nodded my head. So it’s quite necessary that we should go out of our way to expose kids to role models, whether it’s an Olympic athlete or a CEO. Now that we have our first female vice-president, can the first female president be far behind? 4. Why did the children in the first group treated Bobo rudely? A. They regarded it as a mere toy. B. They meant to make fun of Bobo. C. They were raised to behave badly. D. They were set a negative example. 5. What did the committee expect Angela to do with the last question? A. To raise her doubt. B. To respond positively. C. To interpret its meaning. D. To change her reply quickly. 6. How did third-grade Angela feel about the chance of being a professor? A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful. C. Curious. D. Hesitant. 7. Which of the following may be the best title for the text? A. My Role Models B. Aim High and Act Early C. How to Become American President D. Role Models Help Shape Kids’ Future 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要讲述了研究人员通过实验表明了对孩子而言，榜样的力量和重要性。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The first group watched adults play rudely with an inflatable clown (充气小丑) called Bobo”（第一组观看成年人粗鲁地与一个叫波波的充气小丑玩耍），第二段“Only the children in the first group later kicked Bobo, hit it with a stick, and sat on it just as they watched the adults do.”（后来，只有第一组的孩子踢波波，用棍子打它，然后坐在上面，就像他们看着成年人那样。）和第三段“The above study indicates kids may follow suit if they see what others do. That’s why role models matter. When kids are exposed to role models they can relate to, it helps them set ambitious goals.”（上面的研究表明，如果孩子们看到别人的做法，他们也会效仿。 这就是为什么榜样很重要。 当孩子们接触到他们可以联系的榜样时，这有助于他们设定雄心勃勃的目标。）可知，第一组的孩子粗鲁对待Bobo是因为他们被树立了一个反面的榜样。故选D项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Without hesitation I shook my head saying “no”. As the interview ended, I sensed I’d given an answer the committee found disappointing.”（我毫不犹豫地摇摇头说“不”。面试结束时，我感觉我给出的答案让委员会失望。）可知，委员会期望Angela积极地回答这个问题。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“So, if you’d asked me in, say, third grade, “Angela, could you become a college professor someday if you tried?” Without a bit of evidence that I’d be any good at such a career, I’d have nodded my head.”（所以，如果你在我三年级的时候问我，“安吉拉，如果你努力的话，你将来能成为一名大学教授吗?” 如果没有一点证据表明我能胜任这样的工作，我也会点头的。）可知，三年级的Angela认为自己很有希望成为一位教授。故选A项。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。本篇文章通过一个实验，说明榜样的力量；以及通过文章最后一段“So it’s quite necessary that we should go out of our way to expose kids to role models, whether it’s an Olympic athlete or a CEO.”（因此，我们有必要让孩子们接触到榜样，无论是奥运会运动员还是首席执行官。）可知，本篇文章主要讲榜样能够帮助塑造孩子的未来。故选D项。 C Kenya has been at the forefront of the global war on plastic since 2017, when officials outlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single-use plastics. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic waste continue to get poured into landfills daily. However, if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage mountain will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The materials engineer’s search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them. She says, “I wanted to use my education in applied physics and materials engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution. But I was very clear the solution had to be practical, sustainable and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company, Gjenge Makers, now hires 112 people and produces over 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix of plastic products that can’t be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is obtained directly from factories or picked by hired locals from landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. Matee, recognized as one of the Young Champions of the Earth 2020 — the United Nations’ highest environmental honor — is far from done. Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings. She says, “The more we recycle plastic, the more we produce affordable housing…the more we create more employment for the youth.” 8. Which word best describes Kenyan government’s measures against plastic? A. Temporary. B. Effective. C. Fruitless. D. Unreliable. 9. Which of the following do we know about Matee? A. She turns knowledge into actual products. B. Her company’s funded by the government. C. She produces brick-making machinery herself. D. Her bricks are made from recyclable plastic waste. 10. What’s the greatest strength of Matee’s resulting product? A. Its low cost. B. Its wide range of uses. C. Its economic benefit. D. Its environmental value. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Matee’s achievement. B. Matee’s greater ambition. C. Multiple challenges Matee faces. D. Innovative solutions to plastic waste. 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. D 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了材料工程师Nzambi Matee创造性地将难以回收处理的塑料垃圾转化成建筑用砖的一些情况。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single-use plastics. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic waste continue to get poured into landfills daily.”（2020年，政府通过禁止使用一次性塑料提高了需求。 不幸的是，每天仍有大量的工业和消费塑料垃圾被倒入垃圾填埋场。）可知，肯尼亚政府应对塑料垃圾的方法是无效的，没有什么成果。故选C项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The materials engineer’s search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them.”（这位材料工程师从2017年开始寻找控制塑料污染的有效解决方案，当时她在自家后院建立了一个小实验室。 她花了9个月的时间来生产第一块砖，甚至更长的时间来说服一个合作伙伴帮助建造机器来制造它们。）可知，Matee把所学知识应该到实际活动中，将塑料垃圾转化成建筑用砖。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic.”（由此产生的产品更强、更轻,大约比传统混凝土砖便宜30%。 最重要的是，它有助于重新利用最低质量的塑料。）可知，Matee研制的砖非常环保。故选D项。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings.”（她的梦想是通过增加生产和扩大她的产品来减少垃圾。）可知，本段在讲述Matee的更大的目标。故选B项。 D Migratory (迁移的) birds are specially adapted to find their way over extreme distances. Now, the new research of Kaspar Delhey and other researchers has discovered an unexpected way that migratory birds keep their cool during such backbreaking journeys: lighter-colored feathers (羽毛). “We found across nearly all species of birds, migratory species tend to be lighter colored than non-migratory species,” said Delhey. “We think that lighter feather coloration is selected in migratory species because it reduces the risk of overheating when exposed to sunshine. Lighter surfaces absorb less heat than darker ones, as anybody wearing dark clothes on a sunny day can demonstrate! This would be particularly important for long-distance migrants that undertake extensive flights during which they cannot stop to rest in the shade.” Delhey and his coworkers had been studying the effects of climate on bird coloration. Their earlier studies showed that, in general, lighter colored birds are found where temperatures are high and there is little shade. That’s in part because the birds’ lighter feathers help to keep them cooler in the hot sun. Then the researchers came across studies by others showing that some birds fly higher during the day compared to at night. “Because flying higher is likely costly, these changes require an explanation,” Delhey says. “One possibility was that flying higher, where it is colder, would offset the heat absorbed by the feathers when the sun was shining.” If so, they realized, another way to reduce the risk of overheating would be to absorb less solar radiation in the first place. It raised a question: have migratory species evolved (进化) lighter feathers? To find out, they did much research. Their findings show bird species get increasingly lighter as they migrate more. So, resident birds tend to be darker than short-distance migrants. Short-distance migrants are darker than bird species that travel farther. Delhey said the effect suited different types of birds. The same held true in waterbirds and ground-living birds, too. The findings are another reminder of the important role of temperature and climate factors more broadly in the evolution of shaping the coloration of animals. They also help better understand the impacts of global warming and underlying adaptive evolutionary responses. 12. Why is “dark clothes” mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To analyze a reason. C. To clarify a point. D. To make a comparison. 13. What does the underlined word “offset” mean in paragraph 4? A. Cancel out. B. Add to. C. Give rise to. D. Take advantage of. 14. What does Delhey’s new research focus on? A. The habitats of migratory birds. B. The categories of migratory birds. C. A flying pattern of migratory birds. D. A physical characteristic of migratory birds. 15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Travel. D. Education. 【答案】12. C 13. A 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍一项研究表明，迁徙鸟类通过浅色的羽毛来保持长途迁徙过程中较低的体温，这说明温度和气候因素在动物颜色形成的进化过程中发挥着重要作用。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Lighter surfaces absorb less heat than darker ones, as anybody wearing dark clothes on a sunny day can demonstrate!(我们认为，迁徙物种选择浅色羽毛是因为它可以减少暴露在阳光下过热的风险。浅色的表面比深色的表面吸收的热量少，任何一个在阳光明媚的日子里穿深色衣服的人都可以证明这一点)”可推知，文章提到深色衣服的目的是为进一步阐明浅色的表面比深色的表面吸收的热量少这个道理。故选C项。 【13题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“One possibility was that flying higher, where it is colder, would offset the heat absorbed by the feathers when the sun was shining.(一种可能是飞得更高，那里更冷，可以offset阳光下羽毛吸收的热量)”中“where it is colder”和“the heat”可推知，飞得更高的目的是为了抵消热量，所以划线词与cancel out“取消；抵消”同义。故选A项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中“It raised a question: have migratory species evolved (进化) lighter feathers?(这就提出了一个问题：迁徙物种是否进化出了更轻的羽毛)”和第六段中“To find out, they did much research. Their findings show bird species get increasingly lighter as they migrate more.(为了找到答案，他们做了很多研究。他们的发现表明，随着迁徙的增多，鸟类的体型也会越来越轻)”可推知，Delhey的新研究重点关注的是迁徙物种，即候鸟，的身体特征。故选D项。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文介绍一项研究表明，迁徙鸟类通过浅色的羽毛来保持长途迁徙过程中较低的体温，这说明温度和气候因素在动物颜色形成的进化过程中发挥着重要作用，由此推知，这篇文章可能出现在报纸的科学专栏。故选B项。 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) For some people, waking up early just feels natural. But if you’re not naturally a morning person, how much room do you have to change your wake-up schedule? ____16____ But a few habits can help make waking up earlier less of a challenge. Use external factors to upgrade your body clock. Light Sunlight can adjust your internal clock by holding back a sleep-related hormone (激素) that is called melatonin. When you’re exposed to bright sunlight, the production of melatonin shuts off. ____17____ So the most effective way to get your body feeling refreshed and awake is to expose yourself to light the moment you open your eyes in the morning. Reward yourself and take it slow ____18____ Maybe that’s a mindfulness exercise to remind yourself of who or what you’re waking up early for. Something as simple as promising yourself a strawberry cake as soon as you get out of bed can do the trick. Another important thing that you must keep in mind is that you should think about waking up early like a skill you’re practicing and do it gradually. You can start by waking up only a few minutes earlier than you need to and then more minutes earlier day by day. ____19____ Be patient Remember not to push yourself too hard. You need to have patience with yourself. ____20____ Some mornings might be hard for you in the beginning, but if you’re keeping your habits in check most of the time, you’ll end up as a morning person. A. You’ll get the hang of it soon enough. B. Training to wake up early is a process. C. When you get up can make a difference. D. It sort of tells the body it’s time to wake up. E. Why should you encourage yourself to rise early? F. Create a motivator to get out of bed in the morning. G. Basically, your biological clock is baked into who you are. 【答案】16. G 17. D 18. F 19. A 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。文章主要讲读者介绍几条如何养成早起的习惯的建议。 【16题详解】 根据上文“For some people, waking up early just feels natural. But if you’re not naturally a morning person, how much room do you have to change your wake-up schedule?”（对一些人来说，早起是很自然的。但是如果你不是一个天生的早起的人，你需要多大的空间来改变你的起床时间表呢?）根据下文“But a few habits can help make waking up earlier less of a challenge.”（但是一些习惯就可以帮助你早点起床不那么费力。）可知，选项承接上文说明导致上文状况的原因。G选项“从根本上来说，你的生物钟决定了你是谁。”符合语境，承上启下。故选G。 【17题详解】 根据上文“Sunlight can adjust your internal clock by holding back a sleep-related hormone (激素) that is called melatonin.When you’re exposed to bright sunlight, the production of melatonin shuts off”（阳光可以通过抑制一种叫做褪黑激素的与睡眠有关的激素来调整你的生物钟。当你暴露在明亮的太阳光下的时候，激素就不再分泌。）可知，选项承接上文说明激素不分泌意味着什么。D选项“它从某种程度上会告诉你的身体该起床了。”与上文意思一致。故选D。 【18题详解】 根据上文标题句“Reward yourself and take it slow”（要奖励你自己并且慢慢来。）可知，这里是建议读者要有一些措施来奖励自己的早起。F选项“创造一个动机让你自己早起。”与上文意思一致。承接下文“Maybe that’s a mindfulness exercise to remind yourself of who or what you’re waking up early for. ”（也许这是一种正念练习，提醒自己早起是为了谁或为什么早起。）故选F。 【19题详解】 根据上文“You can start by waking up only a few minutes earlier than you need to and then more minutes earlier day by day.”（你可以开始的时候仅仅早起几分钟，然后每天都比前一天早一点。）可知，这是作者在解释如何慢慢改变，然后养成习惯，选项总结上文，说明很快就能掌握诀窍。A选项“你将很快就掌握诀窍。”与上文意思一致。故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“You need to have patience with yourself.”（你需要对自己有耐心。）可知，作者是在建议读者做事情要有耐心，然后具体说明。B选项“训练早起就是这样一个过程。”与上文意思一致。承接下文Some mornings might be hard for you in the beginning, but if you’re keeping your habits in check most of the time, you’ll end up as a morning person.“有些早晨一开始可能对你来说很难，但如果你大部分时间都能控制好自己的习惯，你终会成为一个早起的人。”故选B。 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) My twin sister and I studied in the same school for ten years. The first day we entered the campus, we were ____21____ by its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies (精灵) that ____22____ there. As we got older, I discovered the school wasn’t always where beauty was an everyday ____23____. The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed ____24____. However, there weren’t enough staff to get everything done. I decided to do something to give the campus a new ____25____. My sister had a similar idea and we came up with a plan to secretly ____26____ the school. Having carefully worked out a project, we got ____27____ from the administration (管理层) to do it. We first painted the stone sculptures, refreshing the few remaining fairies. To bring ____28____ and magic to the campus, we painted on the doors of the boy’s and the girl’s bathrooms the sun and moon representation ____29____ designed by my sister. The tree by the school gate was dead and its bare branches were ____30____, leaving only the trunk. The young schoolmates were ____31____ by the loss of this tree and the trunk left was a sad ____32____ to them of the once-living tree. ____33____ transforming this trunk into a fairy house for visiting fairies to stop by and have a little snack, I put little ____34____ in the house so that the children could look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by. While cutting and shaping the trunk took many hours, it was well worth it for we ____35____ a wound in our natural environment. Everything done, we smiled heartily looking around the fantastic “new” school. 21. A. educated B. struck C. relaxed D. disturbed 22. A. settled B. visited C. worked D. chatted 23. A. routine B. habit C. expectation D. purpose 24. A. removing B. replacing C. wrapping D. painting 25. A. chance B. look C. background D. culture 26. A. explore B. publicize C. beautify D. protect 27. A. permission B. reward C. promise D. concern 28. A. security B. honesty C. politeness D. imagination 29. A. proudly B. bravely C. artfully D. anxiously 30. A. turned in B. cut off C. picked out D. given up 31. A. astonished B. disappointed C. annoyed D. upset 32. A. flag B. reminder C. tool D. start 33. A. Instead of B. In hope of C. In addition to D. In spite of 34. A. windows B. bells C. handles D. curtains 35. A. recorded B. hid C. cured D. spotted 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. A 28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 32. B 33. B 34. A 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了双胞胎姐妹帮助美化校园的事情。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：进入校园的第一天，我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打动。A. educated 受过教育的；B. struck对…印象好的；C. relaxed放松的；D. disturbed烦恼的。根据该句中的“its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies”（它的美丽和彩石雕刻的仙女）可知，作者对校园的印象很好。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：进入校园的第一天，我们就被它的美丽和放置在那里的仙女彩石雕塑所打动。A. settled放置；B. visited看望；C. worked工作；D. chatted闲聊。根据句型结构，可知此处是定语从句，修饰前面的名词stone sculptures of fairies，表示放置在校园的雕塑。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着年龄的增长，我发现在学校里，美丽并不总是人们每天的期望。A. routine常规；B. habit习惯；C. expectation期望；D. purpose目标。根据后句“The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed ____4____.”（这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。）可知，校园里的一些设施和雕塑都年久失修，没有达到人们对美丽校园的期望。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些饱经风霜的石像急需喷涂。A. removing移开；B. replacing替代；C. wrapping包装；D. painting喷涂。根据前句“As we got older, I discovered the school wasn’t always where beauty was an everyday ____3____.”可知，校园里的设施都需要维护。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我决定做点什么来让校园焕然一新。A. chance机会；B. look面貌；C. background背景；D. culture文化。根据前文，可知校园里的设施需要修缮，但是没有足够的人员去做这件事，于是我决定行动起来去修缮校园。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我姐姐也有类似的想法，我们想出了一个秘密美化学校的计划。A. explore探索；B. publicize出版；C. beautify美化；D. protect保护。根据前句“I decided to do something to give the campus a new ____5____.”可知，姐妹俩打算修复校园里的设施，美化校园。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们仔细拟定了一个项目，得到了管理部门的许可去做这件事。A. permission允许；B. reward回报；C. promise承诺；D. concern关注。根据文意，此处意指姐妹俩拟定计划后向学校管理层申请许可执行自己的美化校园的计划。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：为了把想象力和魔力带入校园，我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A. security安全；B. honesty诚实；C. politeness礼貌；D. imagination想象力。根据句意及and后名词magic，可知此处意指姐妹俩用想象力装扮校园。故选D项。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：为了把想象力和魔力带入校园，我们在男女洗手间的门上画上了我姐姐巧妙设计的太阳和月亮的图案。A. proudly骄傲地；B. bravely勇敢地；C. artfully艺术地；D. anxiously焦虑地。根据本句“To bring ____8____ and magic to the campus”可知，姐妹俩非常创造性地，用艺术性的手段装饰校园。故选C项。 【30题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：学校门口的那棵树已经死了，光秃秃的树枝都被砍掉了，只剩下树干。A. turned in上交；B. cut off砍掉；C. picked out挑选出；D. given up放弃。根据本句“leaving only the trunk”可知，姐妹俩把树枝都砍掉了。故选B项。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过，留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A. astonished震惊的；B. disappointed失望的；C. annoyed烦恼的；D. upset失落的。根据“the loss of this tree”可知，有些校友因为砍掉了树枝感到有些失落。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：年轻的同学们为这棵树的消失而难过，留下的树干是他们对这棵曾经活着的树的悲伤提醒。A. flag旗帜；B. reminder提醒；C. tool工具；D. start开始。根据句意，此处意指剩下的树干对这些校友来说，就是一个令人shide提醒。故选B项。 【33题详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家，让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食，我在房子里装了小窗户，这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小厨房。A. Instead of替代；B. In hope of希望；C. In addition to除了；D. In spite of尽管。根据句意，此处意指姐妹俩想把这个树干变成一个仙女之家。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望把这个箱子变成一个仙女之家，让来访的仙女们在这里停留和吃一点零食，我在房子里装了小窗户，这样孩子们走过的时候可以看到仙女的小厨房。A. windows窗户；B. bells铃铛；C. handles门把手；D. curtains窗帘。根据本句“look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by”可知，姐妹俩给树干做了一个小窗户，这样路过的人就可以看到树干里面。故选A项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然切割和塑造树干花了很多时间，但这是非常值得的，因为我们治愈了一个我们自然环境里的伤口。A. recorded记录；B. hid隐藏；C. cured治愈；D. spotted看到。根据“wound”及文意，此处意指姐妹俩的行动美化了校园，修复了校园里的缺陷和伤痕。故选C项。 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai has ____36____ population of 5.8 million residents aged 60 and above, accounting for 23 percent of the total population. How to improve their quality of life, especially those senior citizens with the problem of dysmnesia (记忆障碍), is a great challenge for the local government. Happily, the Memory Café in Pudong ____37____ (find) its way by now to help the senior residents in local communities by organizing interactive activities to fight dysmnesia ____38____(proper). The café, launched last November, now has 18 regular senior volunteers ____39____ range between 70 and 82 years of age. Volunteers in the café are trained to be receptionists, cashiers or baristas (调酒师). Every week they come to the coffee shop at ____40____ (fix) schedule for training. The Memory Café is reportedly China’s first of its kind ____41____ (target) elderly people with cognitive (认知) disabilities. “Before joining the café volunteer program, what I did most every day was watch TV. I ____42____ (feel) lonely and afraid when realizing I couldn’t remember things well,” 73-year-old Peng Mingxiang said. “In the café, there are many people my age, ____43____ whom I make friends and share the experience of getting older. I am becoming braver and more optimistic. When I serve customers, even though I am slow or even serve the wrong coffee, young people are ____44____ (understand), which makes me feel good and respected,” Peng added. Many customers have a _____45_____ (prefer) for such a charitable shop as the Memory Café, which pioneers anti-dysmnesia efforts for seniors and wins public support. 【答案】36. a 37. has found 38. properly 39. that##who 40. fixed 41. to target 42. felt 43. with 44. understanding 45. preference 【解析】 【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍浦东的记忆咖啡馆目前已经找到了方法来帮助当地社区的老年人，他们通过组织互动活动来恰当地抵抗记忆障碍。 【36题详解】 考查冠词。句意：上海有580万60岁以上老人，占据总人口的23%。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配have a population of，表示“有……人口”。故填a。 【37题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：令人高兴的是，浦东的记忆咖啡馆目前已经找到了方法来帮助当地社区的老年人了，他们是通过组织互动活动来恰当地抵抗记忆障碍。分析句子可知，提示词是句子谓语动词，与主语the Memory Café之间是主动关系，根据时间状语by now，应用现在完成时，主语是the Memory Café是单数名词，所以助动词也应用单数形式has。故填has found。 【38题详解】 考查副词。句意：见第2题详解。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查副词修饰动词fight。故填properly。 【39题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：去年11月创办的咖啡馆现在有18个固定的老年志愿者，他们是70-82岁不等的老年人。据句子结构和意思可知，这里考查限制性定语从句，先行词是volunteers，指人，在从句中做主语，应用关系代词which或who引导该定语从句。故填that/who。 【40题详解】 考查形容词。句意：每周，他们都会在固定的时间来咖啡店培训。提示词修饰名词schedule，应用其同根形容词fixed作定语，意为“固定的”。故填fixed。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：据报道，记忆咖啡馆是中国以认知有缺陷的老年人为目标的这类咖啡馆的第一个。序数词后用不定式作后置定语，句中“(target) elderly people with cognitive (认知) disabilities.”作后置定语，修饰序数词first，用不定式。故填to target。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：当意识到我记不住东西时，我感到很孤独，也很害怕。分析句子可知，提示词是句子谓语动词，根据语境，回忆往事，用一般过去时态。故填felt。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：在这个咖啡馆，有许多和我一样大的人，我和他们交朋友，分享变老的经历。分析句了可知，“ ____ whom I make friends and share the experience of getting older.”是定语从句，修饰先行词many people，先行词作定语从句中make friends with和share...with的宾语，从句中介词with缺失，可前置构成“介词+which”结构引导定语从句。故填with。 【44题详解】 考查形容词。句意：当我为客人服务时，尽管我行动缓慢甚至上错咖啡，年轻人也都理解，这让我感觉很好并被尊重。根据句意和空格前are可知，应使用形容词understanding作表语，表示“通情达理的，善解人意的”。故填understanding。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：许多顾客对这个乐善好施的咖啡店更加的偏爱，它走在了为老年人抵制记忆障碍的前列，并赢得了大众的支持。固定短语have a preference for表示“更喜欢，对……有偏好”，用名词preference作宾语。故填preference。 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分, 词数应为80左右) 46. 假定你是阳光中学的学生李华, 昨天你们班开了一场班会, 同学们就线上学习的利弊展开了激烈的讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文, 内容包括: 1. 60%的同学认为利大于弊; 2. 40%的同学认为弊大于利; 3. 你的观点。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文 Yesterday our class held a heated class meeting discussing the advantages and disadvantages of online learning. About 60% of the students believe its advantages outweigh the disadvantages. They say online classes save commuting time and allow them to review lessons via replays anytime. However, 40% hold the opposite view, arguing that staring at screens too long harms eyesight and the lack of face-to-face interaction reduces learning efficiency and easily causes distraction. From my perspective, online learning is a useful supplement to traditional study. With self-discipline and a proper schedule, we can maximize its benefits while minimizing the drawbacks. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生用英语写一篇短文，介绍班级班会的讨论情况，并谈谈自己的观点。 【详解】1.词汇积累 举办：hold → carry out 减少：reduce → decrease 导致：cause → contribute to 缺点：drawback → shortcoming 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Yesterday our class held a heated class meeting discussing the advantages and disadvantages of online learning. 拓展句：Yesterday our class held a heated class meeting which discussed the advantages and disadvantages of online learning. 【点睛】【高分句型1】However, 40% hold the opposite view, arguing that staring at screens too long harms eyesight and the lack of face-to-face interaction reduces learning efficiency and easily causes distraction.(运用了现在分词作状语，that引导宾语从句) 【高分句型2】With self-discipline and a proper schedule, we can maximize its benefits while minimizing the drawbacks.(运用了while引导状语从句的省略结构) 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a young boy, I was always a troublemaker and up to no good. I liked playing tricks and enjoyed treating animals in an unfriendly way, like running after cats crazily, making them scared at the sight of me. Besides, I often used a handmade catapult (弹弓) to shoot at birds on the trees. All this did afford me indescribable pleasure but also got me unkind stares and blames from people around. My parents disapproved of my behavior and were constantly criticizing me for the tricks I played. I was even given a good beating from my father from time to time. Nevertheless, I ignored their warnings and did not correct my ways until an incident occurred. One summer noon when I was eight, I was alone at home and just finished lunch. Feeling very hot and bored, I decided to hang around the neighborhood, holding my trusty catapult. Soon, I came to Mr Smith’s house. His pet dog, big and strong, was tied to a post outside his house, lying in the shade lazily. Looking around, I found that no one was in sight. I decided to make good use of my catapult to play tricks on the massive dog. Picking up a few small stones from the ground, I aimed at the dog and fired them one by one. Several stones hit the poor dog and it began to bark (吠) loudly in pain and jump up and down. But I felt so fun that I didn’t stop doing so. Eventually, the dog’s anger was fueled and it barked wildly at me while struggling to break away from the rope. Not realizing anything wrong with my crazy behavior, I was just laughing happily. Suddenly, the rope that tied the dog loosened and the big dog got free from its bonds. In no time, with a few powerful steps the dog was on me. Its sharp teeth sank into my leg. I screamed with pain and fright and fell to the ground, shouting out for help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Luckily, my miserable shouts caught Mr Smith’s attention. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His words left me ashamed and I decided to make a change. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Luckily, my miserable shouts caught Mr Smith's attention. He dashed out of the house and freed the dog's teeth from my leg. Having caged the dog, Mr Smith rushed me to the clinic, where the doctor gave me an injection and dressed the wound carefully. On the way back home, I tearfully told Mr Smith the whole story. Not criticizing me, he looked me in the eye and said lovingly, “Animals are our friends that need our care and love and will treat us well if treated well". His words left me ashamed and I decided to make a change. Instead of playing tricks on helpless animals, I did what I could to take care of them. With my father's help, I became a volunteer in our local animal shelter, feeding or walking animals. I even set aside my pocket money to contribute to charity which helps save homeless animals. Once a troublemaker, later a caregiver, I gradually won people's praise and respect I hadn't experienced before. Most importantly, never did I feel so rewarded and honored for what I did for animals. 【解析】 【导语】本文是以人物为线索展开，主要描述淘气的作者因为喜欢用他自己做的弹弓打小动物而被周围的人不满。虽然他的爸爸打了他好多次，他还是不改，甚至去挑战了史密斯家被绑着的大狗。最后大狗气急了就挣脱了绳子咬到了作者的腿，让他疼的大喊救命。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“幸运的是，我悲惨的喊叫吸引了史密斯先生的注意。”可知，第一段可描写史密斯先生过去帮助作者把狗赶跑。 ②由第二段首句内容“他的话让我感到很羞愧并且决定改变。”可知，第二段可描写作者体会到自己以前的行为是错的，并且做出了改变的情况。 2.续写线索：被解救——被送医——被教育——意识到错误——做出改变 3.词汇激活 行为类 1.猛冲：dashed/rush 2.包扎：dressed/wrap 3.决定：decide/determine 情绪类 ①哭：tearfully/with tears ②羞愧：ashamed/abashed 【点睛】【高分句型1】Having caged the dog, Mr Smith rushed me to the clinic, where the doctor gave me an injection and dressed the wound carefully.（由where引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Most importantly, never did I feel so rewarded and honored for what I did for animals.（由never引导的部分倒装结构和what引导的宾语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 山东省泰山中学 2025 级高二上学期第一次月度质量检测 英语试题 第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 1. What was the woman doing just now? A. Making a phone call. B. Looking up a word in the dictionary. C. Recording a word’s pronunciation. 2. When will the man have his driving test? A. On the 4th. B. On the 14th. C. On the 6th. 3. What is the weather like now? A. Sunny. B. Cloudy. C. Rainy. 4. What does Linda do? A. She is a waitress. B. She is a tour guide. C. She is a student. 5. What are the speakers talking about? A. Their plans for the future. B. A dancing class. C. Michelle's hobby. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。 6. What time is it now? A. 3:15 pm. B. 3:30 pm. C. 3:45 pm. 7. What does the woman advise the man to do? A. Have a look around. B. Sit for a while. C. Take classes now. 听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。 8. How does the woman look to the man? A. Excited. B. Tired. C. Nervous. 9. Why does the woman go to China? A. To work. B. To study C. To travel. 听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。 10. What does John like doing? A. Eating out. B. Cooking at home. C. Ordering takeout. 11. Where will Jennifer have dinner tonight? A. In a French restaurant. B. In a Mexican restaurant. C. In an Italian restaurant. 12. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Neighbors. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。 13. How old is Henry now? A. 20. B. 25. C. 26. 14. How did Henry go to school on the first day? A. By bicycle. B. By bus. C. By car. 15. What was the headmaster like? A. He was impatient. B. He was serious. C. He was kind. 16. What did Henry do at school that day? A. He made two new friends. B. He played games in the classroom. C. He watched a match on the playground. 听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。 17. What is Stephen Wiltshire’s nationality? A. French. B. Japanese. C. English. 18. What does Stephen Wiltshire do before drawing a city? A. He walks around it. B. He observes it on a tall building. C. He takes a helicopter flight over it. 19. Why did Stephen Wiltshire start drawing? A. To display the buildings. B. To calm himself down. C. To show his amazing memory. 20. Where is the talk most probably being given? A. At a studio. B. At an art exhibition. C. At a classroom. 第二部分阅读 (共两节, 满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分) A In what has become an annual tradition, the staff of National Public Radio bring you a mighty year-end guide of Books We Love. Here are a handful of the most interesting picks. We hope you enjoy the selections and take time to look through for a while! Crying in H Mart by Michelle Zauner Michelle Zauner lays out the complexity and the ongoing sorrow of losing a parent in her 20s, just as her own life is about to start. Zauner writes about how she turned to Korean food to process her sadness when her mother, her only tie to Korean culture, died of cancer. The book reflects on how cooking and eating the food that her mom once prepared gives her a way to connect to her identity. Fat Chance, Charlie Vega by Crystal Maldonado Crystal Maldonado creates a much-needed believable character with teenage and adult readers. Charlie Vega is fat and wears glasses, with a diet-pushing mother and a beautiful, athletic best friend. When her classmate Brian pursues a romantic relationship, Charlie is bothered with self doubt. The book, which tells a well-observed story of fat teenage life, is developed by internal (内在的) and external (外在的) conflicts. The Most Fun Thing: Dispatches (快讯) from a Skateboard Life by Kyle Beachy The year 2021 was the year of skateboarding, which has been transformed into an Olympic sport. And many have picked up skateboards for the first time, so The Most Fun Thing couldn’t have come at a better time. Kyle Beachy, a longtime skater and writing professor, is devoted to exploring the meaning of skateboarding based on related essays of a decade. The Secret History of Home Economics by Danielle Dreilinger It’s generally thought that home economics is just a class taken at school, which is appropriately named Mrs Housekeeper. But in reading this book, you can discover that in the early 20th century, the field provided jobs for women in science, companies and governments. Danielle Dreilinger also makes the case that cooking and managing a budget are invaluable lessons for all children and should still be school courses. 1. What is Charlie Vega like? A. Romantic. B. Unconfident. C. Smart. D. Dishonest. 2. Who is a sports lover? A. Michelle Zauner. B. Crystal Maldonado. C. Kyle Beachy. D. Danielle Dreilinger. 3. What do Crying in H Mart and The Secret History of Home Economics have in common? A. They both involve the topic of cookery. B. They both mention the bond with parents. C. They both state how to survive economic hardship. D. They both stress the necessity of ensuring women’s rights. B A psychologist at Stanford once did an experiment. He assigned preschool children to three groups. The first group watched adults play rudely with an inflatable clown (充气小丑) called Bobo; another watched adults play quietly with a different toy while ignoring Bobo; and the third had no exposure to these adult role models. Next, each of the children was left alone with Bobo. The results of the study were striking. Only the children in the first group later kicked Bobo, hit it with a stick, and sat on it just as they watched the adults do. The above study indicates kids may follow suit if they see what others do. That’s why role models matter. When kids are exposed to role models they can relate to, it helps them set ambitious goals. Don’t assume kids know they can be anything they want when they grow up. Take myself for example. “Angela, do you think the US will elect a female president in your lifetime?” Years ago, this was the last question of the last interview for a scholarship I didn’t win. Without hesitation I shook my head saying “no”. As the interview ended, I sensed I’d given an answer the committee found disappointing. “Of course there will be a female president,” they wanted me to say with a confident smile. “And I hope I have your vote.” Like most children, my first role models were in my family. My dad had a PhD in chemistry. My uncles and countless cousins were mostly doctors or scientists. So, if you’d asked me in, say, third grade, “Angela, could you become a college professor someday if you tried?” Without a bit of evidence that I’d be any good at such a career, I’d have nodded my head. So it’s quite necessary that we should go out of our way to expose kids to role models, whether it’s an Olympic athlete or a CEO. Now that we have our first female vice-president, can the first female president be far behind? 4. Why did the children in the first group treated Bobo rudely? A. They regarded it as a mere toy. B. They meant to make fun of Bobo. C. They were raised to behave badly. D. They were set a negative example. 5. What did the committee expect Angela to do with the last question? A. To raise her doubt. B. To respond positively. C. To interpret its meaning. D. To change her reply quickly. 6. How did third-grade Angela feel about the chance of being a professor? A. Hopeful. B. Doubtful. C. Curious. D. Hesitant. 7. Which of the following may be the best title for the text? A. My Role Models B. Aim High and Act Early C. How to Become American President D. Role Models Help Shape Kids’ Future C Kenya has been at the forefront of the global war on plastic since 2017, when officials outlawed plastic bags. In 2020, the government raised the demand with a ban on single-use plastics. Unfortunately, tons of industrial and consumer plastic waste continue to get poured into landfills daily. However, if 29-year-old Nzambi Matee has her way, the unsightly plastic garbage mountain will soon be transformed into colorful bricks. The materials engineer’s search for an effective solution to controlling plastic pollution began in 2017, when she set up a small lab in her backyard. It took her nine months to produce the first brick and even longer to convince a partner to help build the machinery to make them. She says, “I wanted to use my education in applied physics and materials engineering to do something about plastic waste pollution. But I was very clear the solution had to be practical, sustainable and affordable. The best way to do this was by channeling the waste into the construction space and finding the most efficient and affordable material to build homes.” Her company, Gjenge Makers, now hires 112 people and produces over 1,500 bricks a day, which are made using a mix of plastic products that can’t be reprocessed or recycled. The collected plastic is obtained directly from factories or picked by hired locals from landfills and mixed with sand, heated at very high temperatures, and compressed (压缩) into bricks that vary in color and thickness. The resulting product is stronger, lighter, and about 30 percent cheaper than traditional concrete (混凝土) bricks. Most importantly, it helps repurpose the lowest quality of plastic. Matee, recognized as one of the Young Champions of the Earth 2020 — the United Nations’ highest environmental honor — is far from done. Her dream is to reduce rubbish by increasing production and expanding her offerings. She says, “The more we recycle plastic, the more we produce affordable housing…the more we create more employment for the youth.” 8. Which word best describes Kenyan government’s measures against plastic? A. Temporary. B. Effective. C. Fruitless. D. Unreliable. 9. Which of the following do we know about Matee? A. She turns knowledge into actual products. B. Her company’s funded by the government. C. She produces brick-making machinery herself. D. Her bricks are made from recyclable plastic waste. 10. What’s the greatest strength of Matee’s resulting product? A. Its low cost. B. Its wide range of uses. C. Its economic benefit. D. Its environmental value. 11. What does the last paragraph mainly tell us? A. Matee’s achievement. B. Matee’s greater ambition. C. Multiple challenges Matee faces. D. Innovative solutions to plastic waste. D Migratory (迁移的) birds are specially adapted to find their way over extreme distances. Now, the new research of Kaspar Delhey and other researchers has discovered an unexpected way that migratory birds keep their cool during such backbreaking journeys: lighter-colored feathers (羽毛). “We found across nearly all species of birds, migratory species tend to be lighter colored than non-migratory species,” said Delhey. “We think that lighter feather coloration is selected in migratory species because it reduces the risk of overheating when exposed to sunshine. Lighter surfaces absorb less heat than darker ones, as anybody wearing dark clothes on a sunny day can demonstrate! This would be particularly important for long-distance migrants that undertake extensive flights during which they cannot stop to rest in the shade.” Delhey and his coworkers had been studying the effects of climate on bird coloration. Their earlier studies showed that, in general, lighter colored birds are found where temperatures are high and there is little shade. That’s in part because the birds’ lighter feathers help to keep them cooler in the hot sun. Then the researchers came across studies by others showing that some birds fly higher during the day compared to at night. “Because flying higher is likely costly, these changes require an explanation,” Delhey says. “One possibility was that flying higher, where it is colder, would offset the heat absorbed by the feathers when the sun was shining.” If so, they realized, another way to reduce the risk of overheating would be to absorb less solar radiation in the first place. It raised a question: have migratory species evolved (进化) lighter feathers? To find out, they did much research. Their findings show bird species get increasingly lighter as they migrate more. So, resident birds tend to be darker than short-distance migrants. Short-distance migrants are darker than bird species that travel farther. Delhey said the effect suited different types of birds. The same held true in waterbirds and ground-living birds, too. The findings are another reminder of the important role of temperature and climate factors more broadly in the evolution of shaping the coloration of animals. They also help better understand the impacts of global warming and underlying adaptive evolutionary responses. 12. Why is “dark clothes” mentioned in paragraph 2? A. To present a fact. B. To analyze a reason. C. To clarify a point. D. To make a comparison. 13. What does the underlined word “offset” mean in paragraph 4? A. Cancel out. B. Add to. C. Give rise to. D. Take advantage of. 14. What does Delhey’s new research focus on? A. The habitats of migratory birds. B. The categories of migratory birds. C. A flying pattern of migratory birds. D. A physical characteristic of migratory birds. 15. In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? A. Entertainment. B. Science. C. Travel. D. Education. 第二节 (共5小题; 每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分) For some people, waking up early just feels natural. But if you’re not naturally a morning person, how much room do you have to change your wake-up schedule? ____16____ But a few habits can help make waking up earlier less of a challenge. Use external factors to upgrade your body clock. Light Sunlight can adjust your internal clock by holding back a sleep-related hormone (激素) that is called melatonin. When you’re exposed to bright sunlight, the production of melatonin shuts off. ____17____ So the most effective way to get your body feeling refreshed and awake is to expose yourself to light the moment you open your eyes in the morning. Reward yourself and take it slow ____18____ Maybe that’s a mindfulness exercise to remind yourself of who or what you’re waking up early for. Something as simple as promising yourself a strawberry cake as soon as you get out of bed can do the trick. Another important thing that you must keep in mind is that you should think about waking up early like a skill you’re practicing and do it gradually. You can start by waking up only a few minutes earlier than you need to and then more minutes earlier day by day. ____19____ Be patient Remember not to push yourself too hard. You need to have patience with yourself. ____20____ Some mornings might be hard for you in the beginning, but if you’re keeping your habits in check most of the time, you’ll end up as a morning person. A. You’ll get the hang of it soon enough. B. Training to wake up early is a process. C. When you get up can make a difference. D. It sort of tells the body it’s time to wake up. E. Why should you encourage yourself to rise early? F. Create a motivator to get out of bed in the morning. G. Basically, your biological clock is baked into who you are. 第三部分语言运用 (共两节, 满分30分) 第一节 (共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分) My twin sister and I studied in the same school for ten years. The first day we entered the campus, we were ____21____ by its beauty and bright-colored stone sculptures of fairies (精灵) that ____22____ there. As we got older, I discovered the school wasn’t always where beauty was an everyday ____23____. The weather-beaten stone statues badly needed ____24____. However, there weren’t enough staff to get everything done. I decided to do something to give the campus a new ____25____. My sister had a similar idea and we came up with a plan to secretly ____26____ the school. Having carefully worked out a project, we got ____27____ from the administration (管理层) to do it. We first painted the stone sculptures, refreshing the few remaining fairies. To bring ____28____ and magic to the campus, we painted on the doors of the boy’s and the girl’s bathrooms the sun and moon representation ____29____ designed by my sister. The tree by the school gate was dead and its bare branches were ____30____, leaving only the trunk. The young schoolmates were ____31____ by the loss of this tree and the trunk left was a sad ____32____ to them of the once-living tree. ____33____ transforming this trunk into a fairy house for visiting fairies to stop by and have a little snack, I put little ____34____ in the house so that the children could look into the little fairy kitchen while walking by. While cutting and shaping the trunk took many hours, it was well worth it for we ____35____ a wound in our natural environment. Everything done, we smiled heartily looking around the fantastic “new” school. 21. A. educated B. struck C. relaxed D. disturbed 22. A. settled B. visited C. worked D. chatted 23. A. routine B. habit C. expectation D. purpose 24. A. removing B. replacing C. wrapping D. painting 25. A. chance B. look C. background D. culture 26. A. explore B. publicize C. beautify D. protect 27. A. permission B. reward C. promise D. concern 28. A. security B. honesty C. politeness D. imagination 29. A. proudly B. bravely C. artfully D. anxiously 30. A. turned in B. cut off C. picked out D. given up 31. A. astonished B. disappointed C. annoyed D. upset 32. A. flag B. reminder C. tool D. start 33. A. Instead of B. In hope of C. In addition to D. In spite of 34. A. windows B. bells C. handles D. curtains 35. A. recorded B. hid C. cured D. spotted 第二节 (共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Shanghai has ____36____ population of 5.8 million residents aged 60 and above, accounting for 23 percent of the total population. How to improve their quality of life, especially those senior citizens with the problem of dysmnesia (记忆障碍), is a great challenge for the local government. Happily, the Memory Café in Pudong ____37____ (find) its way by now to help the senior residents in local communities by organizing interactive activities to fight dysmnesia ____38____(proper). The café, launched last November, now has 18 regular senior volunteers ____39____ range between 70 and 82 years of age. Volunteers in the café are trained to be receptionists, cashiers or baristas (调酒师). Every week they come to the coffee shop at ____40____ (fix) schedule for training. The Memory Café is reportedly China’s first of its kind ____41____ (target) elderly people with cognitive (认知) disabilities. “Before joining the café volunteer program, what I did most every day was watch TV. I ____42____ (feel) lonely and afraid when realizing I couldn’t remember things well,” 73-year-old Peng Mingxiang said. “In the café, there are many people my age, ____43____ whom I make friends and share the experience of getting older. I am becoming braver and more optimistic. When I serve customers, even though I am slow or even serve the wrong coffee, young people are ____44____ (understand), which makes me feel good and respected,” Peng added. Many customers have a _____45_____ (prefer) for such a charitable shop as the Memory Café, which pioneers anti-dysmnesia efforts for seniors and wins public support. 第四部分 写作 (共两节, 满分40分) 第一节 (满分15分, 词数应为80左右) 46. 假定你是阳光中学的学生李华, 昨天你们班开了一场班会, 同学们就线上学习的利弊展开了激烈的讨论。请你用英语写一篇短文, 内容包括: 1. 60%的同学认为利大于弊; 2. 40%的同学认为弊大于利; 3. 你的观点。 注意: 1. 写作词数应为80个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 (满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As a young boy, I was always a troublemaker and up to no good. I liked playing tricks and enjoyed treating animals in an unfriendly way, like running after cats crazily, making them scared at the sight of me. Besides, I often used a handmade catapult (弹弓) to shoot at birds on the trees. All this did afford me indescribable pleasure but also got me unkind stares and blames from people around. My parents disapproved of my behavior and were constantly criticizing me for the tricks I played. I was even given a good beating from my father from time to time. Nevertheless, I ignored their warnings and did not correct my ways until an incident occurred. One summer noon when I was eight, I was alone at home and just finished lunch. Feeling very hot and bored, I decided to hang around the neighborhood, holding my trusty catapult. Soon, I came to Mr Smith’s house. His pet dog, big and strong, was tied to a post outside his house, lying in the shade lazily. Looking around, I found that no one was in sight. I decided to make good use of my catapult to play tricks on the massive dog. Picking up a few small stones from the ground, I aimed at the dog and fired them one by one. Several stones hit the poor dog and it began to bark (吠) loudly in pain and jump up and down. But I felt so fun that I didn’t stop doing so. Eventually, the dog’s anger was fueled and it barked wildly at me while struggling to break away from the rope. Not realizing anything wrong with my crazy behavior, I was just laughing happily. Suddenly, the rope that tied the dog loosened and the big dog got free from its bonds. In no time, with a few powerful steps the dog was on me. Its sharp teeth sank into my leg. I screamed with pain and fright and fell to the ground, shouting out for help. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Luckily, my miserable shouts caught Mr Smith’s attention. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ His words left me ashamed and I decided to make a change. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $