高中英语单元测试——Unit 6 Survival（较难版01）

听力考试正式开始。What a fashionable car you've got. thanks. I've always wanted an electric one to try and save the planet. You know, we only have one planet. I guess you're right. I might get an electric bike to replace my motorbike as I can drive. Listen to the next question. Look at these crabs. They're walking in a row like a parade. So cute. I wish I could take them home with me. Why not capture them with . your camera? Look at these crabs. They're walking in a row like a parade. So cute. I wish I could take them . home with me. Why not capture them with your camera? Listen to the next question. Our class plans to visit the science museum this saturday. but I heard the river bank is full of litter. Why not help clean IT first? That's more meaningful. Let's protect our environment together. Our class plans to visit the science museum this saturday. but I heard the river bank is full of litter. Why not help clean IT first? That's more meaningful. Let's protect our environment together. Listen to the next question. Doctory, it's me, lily. I'm going crazy. My parents suddenly looks sick. I don't know what to do. Don't panic, lily, take a video and send this to me. I'll take a look. Listen to the next question. We should pay attention to our influences on the places we visit. Any ideas on how to be responsible tourists? Yes, we can start from small things like stopping, throwing rubbish around. You're right. We must protect the local environment. Listen to the next question. Emma, look at this poster, a missing black female cat name shadow. Isn't that the cat we saw near the park playground . this morning? Yes, IT says last scene yesterday near the fountain. exactly. Should we call the owner immediately? Not yet. Jake, let's go check the playground first, see if it's still there. Good idea. If we find shadow, we'll stay with her until the owner comes. Emma, look at this poster, a missing black female cat name shadow. Isn't that the cat we saw near the park playground this morning? Yes, IT says last seen yesterday near the fountain. exactly. Should we call the owner immediately? Not yet, jake. Let's go check the playground first, see if it's still there. Good idea. If we find shadow, we'll stay with her until the owner comes. Listen to the next question. Have you finished your presentation for tomorrow's environmental . science class? Almost, but i'm having trouble finding the latest data on air quality improvement in cities. I know there have ve been important improvements. I just don't know how to show IT. Have you looked at the national environmental agencies website? They updated their numbers last month, and they usually include reports and charts. That could be very helpful. thanks. That could really help me show some data more clearly and give me some useful facts to support my points about reducing pollution. Also consider talking about the new laws. They have LED to Better air in several big cities. Have you finished your presentation for tomorrow's environmental . science class? Almost, but i'm having trouble finding the latest data on quality improvement in cities. I know there have been important to improvements. I just don't know how to show IT. Have you looked at the national environmental agencies website? They updated their numbers last month, and they usually include reports and charts. That could be very helpful. thanks. That could really help me show some data more clearly and give me some useful facts to support my points about reducing pollution. Also consider talking about the new laws. They have LED to Better air in several big cities. Listen to the next question. Hey Hillary, have you watched the news about a watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read on a website this morning. Yeah, he looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guma. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house . was destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What is he going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. Well, that is good news. Hey Hillary, have you watched the news about a watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read in on a website this morning. yeah, IT looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guma. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on the news that the storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What is he going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as soon . as possible. Well, that is good news. Listen to the next question. What are you doing to improve the environment? Me personally, why do you ask? Because I saw you throw that plastic water bottle into the waste bin. Well, that is what i'm doing. I'm not leaving litter. but plastic should be recycled, not added to the general waste. Well. you left the light on over your desk when you leave your office. That's a waste of power HMM. I suppose we are all guilty of harming the environment. but only in little ways. yes, but all those little ways add up to big ways, driving too fast, using too much heat, that sort of thing. As usual. You're right. I decide to separate my waste for recycling in future. and i'll turn out . my light. You can turn out all the lights. Now it's hometown. wow. Doesn't time fly. I feel like I only just ate my lunch. What are you doing to improve the . environment? Me personally, why do you ask? Because I saw you throw that plastic water bottle into the waste bin. Well, that is what i'm doing. I'm not leaving litter, but plastic . should be recycled, not added to the general waste. Well, you left the light on over your desk when you leave your office. That's a waste of power HMM. I suppose we are all guilty of harming the environment. but only in little ways. yes, but all those little ways add up to big ways, driving too fast, using too much heat, that sort of thing. As usual. You're right. I decide to separate my waste for recycling in future. and i'll turn out my light. You can turn out all the lights. Now it's hometown. wow. Doesn't time fly. I feel like I only just take my lunch. Listen to the next question. When all the animals of the species die out, the whole world loses. That creature is gone forever. Many people are worried about this happening to a large number of wild animals. They spend time campaigning to help preserve wildlife. One of the best known preservation ists is Caroline smith. SHE is an attractive Young woman who works for the national grand zoo. Caroline smith's best knowledge of animals makes her a frequent guest on T. V talk shows. SHE has been on the Carry bell show over forty times. SHE explains common errors in thinking about wildlife. For example. Goals aren't the violent, cruel and rude offenders they appear to be. They're really quite shy monkeys that smile aren't just happy as they seem. In fact, a monkey ear to ear smile means watch out. Snakes really help nature by eating harmful insects, so people should try to protect them. Carolines Smith hopes that once people understand animals Better, they will do their best to preserve them. How lucky animals are to have a friend like Caroline smith. When all the animals of a species die out the whole world losses, that creature is gone forever. Many people are worried about this happening to a large number of wild animals. They spend time campaigning to help preserve wildlife. One of the best known preservation ists is Caroline smith. SHE is an attractive Young woman who works for the national grand zoo. Caroline smith, vast knowledge of animals, makes her a frequent guest on T. V. Talk shows. SHE has been on the Carry bell show over forty times. He explains common errors in thinking about wildlife. For example, geras aren't the violent, cruel and rude offenders they appear to be. They are really quite shy monkeys that smile aren't just happy as they seem. In fact, a monkeys ear to ear smile means watch out. Snakes really help nature by eating harmful insects, so people should try to protect them. Carolyne Smith hopes that once people understand animals Better, they will do their best to preserve them. How lucky animals are to have a friend like Caroline smith. 听力部分到此结束。 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 6 Survival 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the woman suggest the man do? A．Join a parade. B．Catch some crabs. C．Take some photos. 3．（本题1.5分）What will the speakers do this Saturday? A．Visit a museum. B．Clean the riverbank. C．Plant trees. 4．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a pet clinic. B．In an animal shelter. C．Over the phone. 5．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What is the missing pet’s name? A．Emma. B．Shadow. C．Jake. 7．(1.5分)What will the speakers do next? A．Call the owner directly. B．Search the playground. C．Wait at the fountain. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What is the man trying to complete? A．A website project. B．A science presentation. C．A science experiment. 9．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest including? A．National agency’s latest reports. B．Updated environmental laws. C．Historical pollution trends. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10．(1.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 11．(1.5分)Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 12．(1.5分)How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13．(1.5分)What is the woman concerned about? A．The home time. B．The waste of money. C．The environment. 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Co-workers. C．Family members. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman promise to do in future? A．Recycle bottles. B．Drive slowly. C．Turn out the lights. 16．(1.5分)What will the speakers do next? A．Have lunch. B．Go home. C．Carry on working. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What is Caroline Smith? A．A zoo specialist. B．A social worker. C．A TV reporter. 18．(1.5分)What does Caroline talk about in the Kyrie Belle Show? A．Recently extinct wildlife. B．Latest campaigning activities. C．Common misunderstandings of animals. 19．(1.5分)What does a monkey’s ear-to-ear smile suggest? A．They are quite shy. B．They feel at risk. C．They are impatient. 20．(1.5分)Why does the speaker deliver the speech? A．To advertise a national zoo. B．To present a charity show. C．To introduce a preservationist. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）What Should You Do During a Flood? Remember: Turn Around. Don’t Drown! Never walk, swim, or drive through floodwater. Just 15 cm of fast-moving floodwater can knock you over, and 30 cm can carry your vehicle away. How Can You Stay Safe After a Flood? Prevent Injuries ● If you are evacuated, wait for officials to say it is safe before going home. ● Avoid fallen power lines, poles, and wires. They can shock you. ● Use flashlights or battery-powered lanterns, rather than candles, to reduce fire risk. ● Many injuries happen during the cleanup. Wear protective equipment, like boots, long pants, work gloves, eyewear, etc. ● Learn how to use equipment safely. Do not touch electrical equipment if it is wet. ● Cleaning up is a big job. Work with a partner and take frequent breaks. Protect Your Health ● Flooding can pollute drinking water. Check with your local public health department about drinking water safety. ● Don’t get sick from eating spoiled food. Throw out food that got wet. When in doubt, throw it out! ● Stay away from floodwaters. They may contain wastewater, sharp items, and chemicals that can make you ill. ● If possible, dry your home and everything in it as quickly as you can within 24 to 48 hours. ● Ensure good air circulation in wet areas. Throw away wet materials that can’t be repaired or dried. Take Care of Yourself ● It’s normal to have a lot of bad feelings, stress, or anxiety. ● Eat healthy food and get enough sleep to help you deal with stress. ● If you feel stressed or anxious, contact the Disaster Distress Helpline for free to talk to someone. Call or text 1-800-985-5990. 21．(2.5分)How can you prevent injuries after a flood? A．Go back home instantly. B．Use candles for lighting. C．Do the cleanup independently. D．Learn equipment usage skills. 22．(2.5分)What is suggested to take care of yourself? A．Avoiding bad feelings. B．Seeking mental support. C．Warming up the wet food. D．Throwing away dried materials. 23．(2.5分)Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A health essay. C．A geography book. D．A safety guideline. （本题10分）What if you could use the plastic waste littering your home country to help solve its housing crisis? For architect Oscar Andrés Méndez and his business partner, electronics engineer Isabel Cristina Gámez, that inspiration led to an invention. Their Colombia-based company, Conceptos Plásticos, transforms plastic, including bags, snack-food containers, and shampoo bottles, into a modular building system of bricks and columns. The Lego-like blocks are made of about 95 percent plastic; builders only need to supply a roof and windows. A typical two-bedroom house recovers some six tons of plastic and can be built in about five days at a cost of anywhere from 4,000 to 7,000 — far cheaper than traditional construction. The structures are also earthquake-resistant, fireproof, and durable. Initially, Conceptos Plásticos partnered with private companies to build houses and schools in Colombia. Years ago, they learned from UNICEF’s representative in Côte d’Ivoire about plastic waste blocking drains and the shortage of schools in the country. Visiting Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, they were moved to see women carrying children while collecting plastic for little pay. “We have the solution,” Méndez remembers thinking. Conceptos Plásticos had the technology. They just needed to share it. As part of a three-million-dollar deal with UNICEF, Conceptos Plásticos built a new factory in Abidjan and hired workers, mainly women, to source the plastic needed. So far, over 4,000 tons of plastic have been transformed into more than 550 classrooms. The effort has created a circular economy (循环经济) that removes waste from the environment, improves the educational system by way of well-designed buildings, and creates jobs. Méndez and Gámez are now negotiating a similar school project in Ethiopia and investigating how to build bathrooms in poor areas in South Sudan. To share their technology in places where building new factories may present challenges, the partners recently designed a smaller version of their system that can be transported in a 40-foot container. It may run on waste, but the concept is not just beautiful but brilliant. 24．(2.5分)What can be learned about Méndez and Gámez’s invention? A．It supplies roofs and windows. B．It creates new plastic materials. C．It turns waste into treasure. D．It improves builders’ safety. 25．(2.5分)Which of the following can best describe Conceptos Plásticos’ product? A．Flexible and free. B．Time-consuming but green. C．Labour-intensive but cheap. D．Economical and sustainable. 26．(2.5分)What does the specific data in Paragraph 4 imply? A．The scale of plastic waste. B．The impact of the project. C．The efforts made by local government. D．The challenges Conceptos Plásticos faced. 27．(2.5分)What is the author’s attitude toward the project of Conceptos Plásticos? A．Doubtful but tolerant. B．Positive and admiring. C．Critical but objective. D．Uncertain and unconcerned. （本题10分）Scientific research now indicates more clearly than ever that our carbon footprint — the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere where it contributes to global warming through the greenhouse effect now threatens our ecosystems and our way of life. But many proposed solutions to global warming, such as capturing carbon directly from the air and burying it deep in the earth, are complex, untested, and expensive. Joe Roman, a marine biologist, and his team have recently discovered that whales especially the great whales play a significant role in capturing carbon from the atmosphere. Whales accumulate carbon in their bodies during their long lives. When they die, they sink to the bottom of the ocean; each great whale stores 33 tons of CO₂ on average, taking that carbon out of the atmosphere for centuries. A tree, meanwhile, absorbs only up to 48 pounds of CO₂ a year. Beyond their own bodies, whales also have a multiplier effect by supporting phytoplankton (浮游植物). These microscopic creatures generate at least half of all oxygen to our atmosphere. It turns out that whales’ waste products contain exactly the substances notably iron and nitrogen (氮) phytoplankton need to grow. Whales bring minerals up to the ocean surface through their vertical (垂直的) movement, called the “whale pump”, and through their migration across oceans. Sadly, after decades of industrialized whaling, whale populations are now less than one fourth what they once were. Despite the dramatic reduction in commercial whaling, whales still face serious threats, including ship strikes, fishing nets, plastic waste, and noise pollution. While some species of whales are recovering — slowly — many are not. Therefore, protecting whales could add significantly to carbon capture. Enhancing protection of whales from human-made dangers would deliver benefits to ourselves and the planet. Nature has had millions of years to perfect her whale-based carbon sink technology. All we need to do is let the whales live. 28．(2.5分)What is the main concern about the proposed solutions to global warming? A．Necessity of transforming life styles. B．Limitations of current human efforts. C．Seriousness of the greenhouse effect. D．Urgency of reducing carbon footprint. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred about whales’ carbon storage? A．It removes carbon from air. B．It depends on ocean’s depth. C．It occurs within a short time. D．It competes with that of forests. 30．(2.5分)What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning the “whale pump” in paragraph 3? A．How whales boost carbon capture. B．What phytoplankton need to grow. C．Where whales’ waste products land. D．Why phytoplankton produce more oxygen. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Whales: Victims of Climate Change B．Whales: Sources of Ocean Minerals C．Whales: Protectors of Deep Oceans D．Whales: Giants in Carbon Reduction （本题10分）A new study has found that the size of a fish group affects their collective and individual behaviour. When ocean acidification (酸化) makes reef habitat less complex, the fish living there gather in smaller groups that offer less social protection. “Fish in bigger groups tend to be bolder, as they search for food more efficiently, stay out in the open more, and spend less time hiding,” said lead author Dr Mitchell, from Adelaide University, Australia. Importantly, the study found that these changes in behaviour were not the direct result of higher temperatures and lower pH. “The direct effects of warming, acidification, and heat wave stress on individual fish behaviour were mostly minimal,” said project leader Professor Ivan. “Across all reef types, even during a heat wave, the fish behaved in much the same way. They kept feeding. They did not suddenly become more active.” Dr Mitchell said while studies looking into direct impacts of climate change on the environment are important, the broader context should also be considered when assessing climate change impacts. In the real world, fish do not experience climate change individually; they experience it as members of communities, shaped by the habitat around them and the other individuals they live alongside. The study’s findings have significant implications for how we understand climate change impacts on marine life. Traditional approaches to assessing climate sensitivity have focused on individual physiological tolerances — how much heat a fish can stand, or how much acidity its blood can bear. But Mitchell’s work suggests that this individual-centric view may miss the bigger picture. A fish that is physiologically capable of surviving in acidified water may still be ecologically in danger if the social networks it depends on for survival have collapsed. “We tend to think of climate change impacts as something that happens to individuals,” says Mitchell. “But what we’re seeing here is a cascade. The habitat changes, the social structure changes, and the behaviour changes — all without the individual fish showing any obvious signs of pain.” 32．(2.5分)What does the study show regarding reef fish? A．Smaller groups make fish more active. B．Group size affects their individual behaviour. C．Heat waves greatly change their feeding habits. D．Ocean acidification fosters their social protection. 33．(2.5分)What is the limitation of the traditional approach? A．It leaves out ocean changes. B．It ignores fish social communities. C．It misjudges climate sensitivity. D．It overestimates fish tolerance. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “cascade” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Chain effect. B．Sharp pain. C．Sudden crash. D．Reef structure. 35．(2.5分)What is the text mainly about? A．How fish find food in reefs. B．A new way to protect ocean life. C．A silent climate threat to fish. D．Fish groups and social behaviour. （本题12.5分）Finding Nemo just got trickier. Why? Because it looks like clownfish are shrinking. The colourful fish, made famous by the popular animated film, can quickly reduce their size as a way to deal with heat stress, a study in Science Advances suggests. 36(2.5分) Researchers studied 67 pairs of clownfish living in reefs off Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea during the marine heatwave of 2023. 37(2.5分) Adult clownfish grow to be about 8cm long but these animals lost a couple of millimetres in the space of a few months. “This is not just about getting skinnier under stressful conditions, these fish are actually getting shorter,” says Melissa Versteeg. It’s well known that animals can evolve to become smaller over generations. 38(2.5分) For example, some fish on remote islands gradually shrink in size. But these are evolutionary changes that occur across hundreds of years. It may not sound it but this rapid response is actually good for the fish. Shrinking increased individuals’ chances of surviving the heatwave by as much as 78 per cent, the team found. 39(2.5分) We don’t yet know if other fish species are also shrinking during heatwaves but, if they are, it could explain a bigger trend: many ocean fish are getting smaller. Other explanations include pollution, habitat degradation, overfishing and food web disruptions. 40(2.5分) A．They measured the fish every month for five months and found 75% shrank. B．The study also solves the problem of worldwide overfishing in the oceans. C．This finding may explain why fish worldwide are becoming smaller in warmer seas. D．Island dwarfism is a typical case caused by limited resources on islands. E．Marine heatwaves are becoming more frequent as global temperatures rise. F．Many cartoon characters are based on lovely sea animals like clownfish. G．So this rapid shrinking could be a key new explanation for smaller fish. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）We had long dreamed of going to the Caribbean, but couldn’t afford it. 41 , a friend mentioned “pet sitting”. This could provide us the chance to 42 the destination while looking after pets whose owners are away from home. We quickly created an account, sent a request and 43 a three-month sit in the Virgin Islands. Having thoroughly toured the whole area, we secured another sit in Grenada. Later, inspired by a popular influencer couple, we 44 our own travel blog, writing about the Virgin Islands, centering around beautiful beaches. But 45 would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach. It was hard to 46 the plastic pollution issue, especially on such pure and remote beaches. The severity of the global plastic crisis 47 us. From that point, we used our 48 to raise public awareness of saying no to plastic products. We also 49 ourselves to live a plastic-free life. We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take-aways and avoiding plastic packaging. We carried reusable bags and tableware when travelling. On our daily dog 50 , we picked up rubbish and 51 those photos online. We connected with like-minded people and worked with eco-conscious brands. Eventually, the 52 led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada. Over these years, our platform has 53 people from all walks of life and seen brands shifting towards more 54 products. Looking back, we realize that even a small step — like picking up rubbish while walking a pet — can grow into a 55 change. 41．(1分)A．Awkwardly B．Accidentally C．Gratefully D．Desperately 42．(1分)A．cover B．inspect C．explore D．consider 43．(1分)A．reached B．noticed C．landed D．refused 44．(1分)A．checked B．started C．cancelled D．visited 45．(1分)A．tourists B．sand C．pets D．litter 46．(1分)A．ignore B．address C．discover D．emphasize 47．(1分)A．confused B．alarmed C．bored D．embarrassed 48．(1分)A．fame B．curiosity C．platform D．occupation 49．(1分)A．disciplined B．persuaded C．comforted D．assigned 50．(1分)A．training B．adoption C．shows D．walks 51．(1分)A．shot B．posted C．collected D．viewed 52．(1分)A．cooperation B．competition C．affection D．expectation 53．(1分)A．relaxed B．delighted C．motivated D．challenged 54．(1分)A．sustainable B．appealing C．convenient D．familiar 55．(1分)A．double-edged B．people-centered C．short-term D．far-reaching 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, Chinese people have looked up at the stars and longed intensely 56(1.5分) the mysterious infinite universe. Our ancestors recorded countless star-watching stories across dynasties, thus 57(1.5分) (create) inspiring cultural phenomena recorded in ancient poems and professional observatories. Only by observing astronomical laws diligently 58(1.5分) our ancestors manage to accumulate reliable data for accurate seasonal judgment. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, standing in Guizhou’s remote mountainous areas, is far more powerful when 59(1.5分) (compare) with ordinary astronomical devices. It is capable of capturing 60(1.5分) extremely faint cosmic (宇宙的) signal that no ordinary ground device can detect. FAST supports in-depth research on the Big Bang theory, 61(1.5分) describes the origin of space billions of years ago. Scientists are striving to offer a convincing 62(1.5分) (explain) of the formation and long-term evolution of the universe, which makes it possible 63(1.5分) (grasp) the complex evolution rules of remote galaxies. Space achievements are never limited to ground equipment. Beyond powerful ground telescopes, China has accomplished a series of demanding aerospace missions: Chang’e rovers explored the lunar surface, Tianwen probed Mars, and the Tiangong capsule 64(1.5分) (steady) orbits Earth all year round. It is the researchers’ persistent efforts that have led to 65(1.5分) (sustain) breakthroughs in deep-space exploration, which can support continuous space research in the next decades. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）在3月22日“世界水日”这天，你们班同学发起“保护水体，人人有责”的倡议，请你根据该倡议题目写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1.水的重要性和水污染的严重后果； 2.1-2条保护水体的具体措施和方法。 注意： 1.写作词数80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节使行文连贯，流畅。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As part of our school’s Green Living Week activity, our class decided to launch a community waste-sorting volunteer project, aiming to teach nearby residents how to sort rubbish correctly and build a cleaner, greener neighborhood. As the group leader, I made a detailed plan with my teammates — Lily and Tom, and we spent our spare time making colourful brochures with clear sorting guides, preparing vivid posters painted with lovely cartoon patterns and practising our speeches carefully until we could explain the rules fluently. We were filled with ambition and expected to win the Best Green Activity Award of the school, which would bring great honor to our class and inspire more people to live an eco-friendly life. On the first day of the activity, we set up a stand decorated with green ribbons (丝带) in the busy community square. However, few residents stopped to listen to us; some even walked past quickly, their eyes glancing over our posters without any interest at all. Worse still, when we tried to explain waste sorting to an elderly lady passing by, she shook her head gently and said it was too troublesome to follow the complicated rules every day. Lily grew discouraged and lowered her head, suggesting we quit, while Tom grew impatient, raising his voice to blame the residents for their lack of environmental awareness. Tension rose quickly among our small group, and our green project, which we had prepared for weeks, seemed to fall apart at once. Just as we were quarrelling and packing up our materials in disappointment, a sudden strong wind blew away all our carefully-made brochures and posters across the square. Some papers even fell into a dirty pool, getting wet and torn beyond repair. I stared at the messy scene, my throat tight with sorrow — our efforts for green living seemed to totally make no difference. At that moment, a middle-aged woman in a volunteer vest (马甲) walked towards us, holding a pile of neat paper and a roll of tape. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The woman smiled gently and told us she was a full-time community green volunteer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks to her guidance, we restarted our project with a brand-new attitude. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 6 Survival 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What a fashionable car you’ve got! W: Thanks. I’ve always wanted an electric one to try and save the planet. You know, we only have one planet. M: I guess you’re right. I might get an electric bike to replace my motorbike, as I can’t drive. 2．（本题1.5分）What does the woman suggest the man do? A．Join a parade. B．Catch some crabs. C．Take some photos. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Look at these crabs. They’re walking in a row like a parade. M: So cute! I wish I could take them home with me. W: Why not capture them with your camera? 3．（本题1.5分）What will the speakers do this Saturday? A．Visit a museum. B．Clean the riverbank. C．Plant trees. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Our class plans to visit the science museum this Saturday. W: But I heard the riverbank is full of litter. Why not help clean it first? M: That’s more meaningful. Let’s protect our environment together. 4．（本题1.5分）Where does the conversation probably take place? A．In a pet clinic. B．In an animal shelter. C．Over the phone. 【答案】C 【原文】W: Dr. Lee, it’s me, Lily. I’m going crazy! My parrot suddenly looks sick. I don’t know what to do! M: Don’t panic, Lily. Take a video and send it to me. I’ll take a look. 5．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. 【答案】A 【原文】W: We should pay attention to our influences on the places we visit. Any ideas on how to be responsible tourists? M: Yes, we can start from small things like stopping throwing rubbish around. W: You’re right, we must protect the local environment. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What is the missing pet’s name? A．Emma. B．Shadow. C．Jake. 7．(1.5分)What will the speakers do next? A．Call the owner directly. B．Search the playground. C．Wait at the fountain. 【答案】6．B 7．B 【原文】M: Emma, look at this poster! A missing black female cat named Shadow. Isn’t that the cat we saw near the park playground this morning? W: Yes, it says “last seen yesterday near the fountain.” M: Exactly! Should we call the owner immediately? W: Not yet, Jake. Let’s go check the playground first — see if it’s still there. M: Good idea. If we find Shadow, we’ll stay with her until the owner comes. （本题3分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)What is the man trying to complete? A．A website project. B．A science presentation. C．A science experiment. 9．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest including? A．National agency’s latest reports. B．Updated environmental laws. C．Historical pollution trends. 【答案】8．B 9．B 【原文】W: Have you finished your presentation for tomorrow’s environmental science class? M: Almost, but I’m having trouble finding the latest data on air quality improvement in cities. I know there have been important improvements. I just don’t know how to show it. W: Have you looked at the national environmental agency’s website? They updated their numbers last month, and they usually include reports and charts that could be very helpful. M: Thanks, that could really help me show some data more clearly and give me some useful facts to support my points about reducing pollution. W: Also, consider talking about the new laws. They have led to better air in several big cities. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 10．(1.5分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 11．(1.5分)Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 12．(1.5分)How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】10．B 11．B 12．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 13．(1.5分)What is the woman concerned about? A．The home time. B．The waste of money. C．The environment. 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Neighbors. B．Co-workers. C．Family members. 15．(1.5分)What does the woman promise to do in future? A．Recycle bottles. B．Drive slowly. C．Turn out the lights. 16．(1.5分)What will the speakers do next? A．Have lunch. B．Go home. C．Carry on working. 【答案】13．C 14．B 15．C 16．B 【原文】W: What are you doing to improve the environment? M: Me personally? Why do you ask? W: Because I saw you throw that plastic water bottle into the waste bin. M: Well, that is what I am doing. I am not leaving litter. W: But plastic should be recycled, not added to the general waste. M: Well, you left the light on over your desk when you leave our office. That’s a waste of power. W: Hmm. I suppose we are all guilty of harming the environment. M: But only in little ways. W: Yes, but all those little ways add up to big ways — driving too fast, using too much heat. .. that sort of thing. M: As usual, you’re right. I decide to separate my waste for recycling in future. W: And I’ll turn out my light. M: You can turn out all the lights now — it’s home time. W: Wow, doesn’t time fly? I feel like I only just ate my lunch. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 17．(1.5分)What is Caroline Smith? A．A zoo specialist. B．A social worker. C．A TV reporter. 18．(1.5分)What does Caroline talk about in the Kyrie Belle Show? A．Recently extinct wildlife. B．Latest campaigning activities. C．Common misunderstandings of animals. 19．(1.5分)What does a monkey’s ear-to-ear smile suggest? A．They are quite shy. B．They feel at risk. C．They are impatient. 20．(1.5分)Why does the speaker deliver the speech? A．To advertise a national zoo. B．To present a charity show. C．To introduce a preservationist. 【答案】17．A 18．C 19．B 20．C 【原文】When all the animals of a species die out, the whole world loses. That creature is gone forever. Many people are worried about this happening to a large number of wild animals. They spend time campaigning to help preserve wildlife. One of the best-known preservationists is Caroline Smith. She is an attractive young woman who works for the National Grand Zoo. Caroline Smith’s vast knowledge of animals makes her a frequent guest on TV talk shows. She has been on the “Kyrie Belle Show” over forty times. She explains common errors in thinking about wildlife. For example, gorillas aren’t the violent, cruel and rude offenders they appear to be. They are really quite shy. Monkeys that smile aren’t as happy as they seem. In fact, a monkey’s ear-to-ear smile means “watch out”. Snakes really help nature by eating harmful insects. So people should try to protect them. Caroline Smith hopes that once people understand animals better, they will do their best to preserve them. How lucky animals are to have a friend like Caroline Smith! 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）What Should You Do During a Flood? Remember: Turn Around. Don’t Drown! Never walk, swim, or drive through floodwater. Just 15 cm of fast-moving floodwater can knock you over, and 30 cm can carry your vehicle away. How Can You Stay Safe After a Flood? Prevent Injuries ● If you are evacuated, wait for officials to say it is safe before going home. ● Avoid fallen power lines, poles, and wires. They can shock you. ● Use flashlights or battery-powered lanterns, rather than candles, to reduce fire risk. ● Many injuries happen during the cleanup. Wear protective equipment, like boots, long pants, work gloves, eyewear, etc. ● Learn how to use equipment safely. Do not touch electrical equipment if it is wet. ● Cleaning up is a big job. Work with a partner and take frequent breaks. Protect Your Health ● Flooding can pollute drinking water. Check with your local public health department about drinking water safety. ● Don’t get sick from eating spoiled food. Throw out food that got wet. When in doubt, throw it out! ● Stay away from floodwaters. They may contain wastewater, sharp items, and chemicals that can make you ill. ● If possible, dry your home and everything in it as quickly as you can within 24 to 48 hours. ● Ensure good air circulation in wet areas. Throw away wet materials that can’t be repaired or dried. Take Care of Yourself ● It’s normal to have a lot of bad feelings, stress, or anxiety. ● Eat healthy food and get enough sleep to help you deal with stress. ● If you feel stressed or anxious, contact the Disaster Distress Helpline for free to talk to someone. Call or text 1-800-985-5990. 21．(2.5分)How can you prevent injuries after a flood? A．Go back home instantly. B．Use candles for lighting. C．Do the cleanup independently. D．Learn equipment usage skills. 22．(2.5分)What is suggested to take care of yourself? A．Avoiding bad feelings. B．Seeking mental support. C．Warming up the wet food. D．Throwing away dried materials. 23．(2.5分)Where is the text probably taken from? A．A news report. B．A health essay. C．A geography book. D．A safety guideline. 【答案】21．D 22．B 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了洪水发生时及洪水过后如何保护自身安全，包括预防受伤、保护健康和照顾自己等方面的具体建议。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据“Prevent Injuries”部分中“● Learn how to use equipment safely. (●学习如何安全使用设备)”可知，学习设备使用技能有助于预防洪水后受伤。故选D项。 22．细节理解题。根据“Take Care of Yourself”部分中“●If you feel stressed or anxious, contact the Disaster Distress Helpline for free to talk to someone. (●如果你感到压力或焦虑，请免费联系灾难困扰帮助热线与他人交谈)”可知，建议通过寻求心理支持来照顾自己。故选B项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文，结合“What Should You Do During a Flood? (洪水发生时你该怎么做?)”以及“How Can You Stay Safe After a Flood? (洪水过后你如何保证安全?)”等小标题可知，文章提供了洪水发生时和洪水后关于预防受伤、保护健康和照顾自己的具体安全建议。这类内容最可能出现在安全指南中。故选D项。 （本题10分）What if you could use the plastic waste littering your home country to help solve its housing crisis? For architect Oscar Andrés Méndez and his business partner, electronics engineer Isabel Cristina Gámez, that inspiration led to an invention. Their Colombia-based company, Conceptos Plásticos, transforms plastic, including bags, snack-food containers, and shampoo bottles, into a modular building system of bricks and columns. The Lego-like blocks are made of about 95 percent plastic; builders only need to supply a roof and windows. A typical two-bedroom house recovers some six tons of plastic and can be built in about five days at a cost of anywhere from 4,000 to 7,000 — far cheaper than traditional construction. The structures are also earthquake-resistant, fireproof, and durable. Initially, Conceptos Plásticos partnered with private companies to build houses and schools in Colombia. Years ago, they learned from UNICEF’s representative in Côte d’Ivoire about plastic waste blocking drains and the shortage of schools in the country. Visiting Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, they were moved to see women carrying children while collecting plastic for little pay. “We have the solution,” Méndez remembers thinking. Conceptos Plásticos had the technology. They just needed to share it. As part of a three-million-dollar deal with UNICEF, Conceptos Plásticos built a new factory in Abidjan and hired workers, mainly women, to source the plastic needed. So far, over 4,000 tons of plastic have been transformed into more than 550 classrooms. The effort has created a circular economy (循环经济) that removes waste from the environment, improves the educational system by way of well-designed buildings, and creates jobs. Méndez and Gámez are now negotiating a similar school project in Ethiopia and investigating how to build bathrooms in poor areas in South Sudan. To share their technology in places where building new factories may present challenges, the partners recently designed a smaller version of their system that can be transported in a 40-foot container. It may run on waste, but the concept is not just beautiful but brilliant. 24．(2.5分)What can be learned about Méndez and Gámez’s invention? A．It supplies roofs and windows. B．It creates new plastic materials. C．It turns waste into treasure. D．It improves builders’ safety. 25．(2.5分)Which of the following can best describe Conceptos Plásticos’ product? A．Flexible and free. B．Time-consuming but green. C．Labour-intensive but cheap. D．Economical and sustainable. 26．(2.5分)What does the specific data in Paragraph 4 imply? A．The scale of plastic waste. B．The impact of the project. C．The efforts made by local government. D．The challenges Conceptos Plásticos faced. 27．(2.5分)What is the author’s attitude toward the project of Conceptos Plásticos? A．Doubtful but tolerant. B．Positive and admiring. C．Critical but objective. D．Uncertain and unconcerned. 【答案】24．C 25．D 26．B 27．B 【导语】本文讲述的是Méndez和Gámez发明用塑料垃圾建造房屋的技术，帮助解决住房问题，已在科特迪瓦建起550多间教室，该项目经济环保且具有社会效益。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“What if you could use the plastic waste littering your home country to help solve its housing crisis?(如果你能用散落在祖国的塑料垃圾来帮助解决住房危机呢？)”以及“ Their Colombia-based company, Conceptos Plásticos, transforms plastic, including bags, snack-food containers, and shampoo bottles, into a modular building system of bricks and columns.( 他们位于哥伦比亚的公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料包括塑料袋、零食容器和洗发水瓶等转化为由砖块和柱子组成的模块化建筑系统。)”可知，他们的发明将原本造成污染的塑料垃圾变成了有用的建筑材料，即变废为宝。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“A typical two-bedroom house recovers some six tons of plastic and can be built in about five days at a cost of anywhere from 4,000 to 7,000-far cheaper than traditional construction.(一栋典型的两居室住宅可回收约六吨塑料并且大约五天就能建成，成本在4000到7000之间——比传统建筑便宜得多。)”可知，其产品具有经济性；同时结合第一段“ Their Colombia-based company, Conceptos Plásticos, transforms plastic, including bags, snack-food containers, and shampoo bottles, into a modular building system of bricks and columns.(他们位于哥伦比亚的公司Conceptos Plásticos将塑料包括塑料袋、零食容器和洗发水瓶等转化为由砖块和柱子组成的模块化建筑系统。)”可知，该产品是环保且可持续的。D选项“Economical and sustainable.(经济且可持续)”符合题意。 26．推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“So far, over 4,000 tons of plastic have been transformed into more than 550 classrooms. The effort has created a circular economy (循环经济) that removes waste from the environment, improves the educational system by way of well-designed buildings, and creates jobs.(到目前为止，已有超过4000吨的塑料被转化成了550多间教室。这一努力创造了一个循环经济，不仅从环境中清除了废物，还通过设计精良的建筑改善了教育系统，并创造了就业机会。)”可知，这些具体的数据(4000吨塑料、550间教室等)旨在说明该项目在环保、教育和就业等方面产生的巨大影响。 27．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“It may run on waste, but the concept is not just beautiful but brilliant.(它可能依靠废物运转，但这个概念不仅美好，而且非常绝妙。)”可知，作者对该项目持积极和赞赏的态度。B选项“Positive and admiring.(积极且赞赏的)”符合题意。 （本题10分）Scientific research now indicates more clearly than ever that our carbon footprint — the release of carbon dioxide (CO₂) into the atmosphere where it contributes to global warming through the greenhouse effect now threatens our ecosystems and our way of life. But many proposed solutions to global warming, such as capturing carbon directly from the air and burying it deep in the earth, are complex, untested, and expensive. Joe Roman, a marine biologist, and his team have recently discovered that whales especially the great whales play a significant role in capturing carbon from the atmosphere. Whales accumulate carbon in their bodies during their long lives. When they die, they sink to the bottom of the ocean; each great whale stores 33 tons of CO₂ on average, taking that carbon out of the atmosphere for centuries. A tree, meanwhile, absorbs only up to 48 pounds of CO₂ a year. Beyond their own bodies, whales also have a multiplier effect by supporting phytoplankton (浮游植物). These microscopic creatures generate at least half of all oxygen to our atmosphere. It turns out that whales’ waste products contain exactly the substances notably iron and nitrogen (氮) phytoplankton need to grow. Whales bring minerals up to the ocean surface through their vertical (垂直的) movement, called the “whale pump”, and through their migration across oceans. Sadly, after decades of industrialized whaling, whale populations are now less than one fourth what they once were. Despite the dramatic reduction in commercial whaling, whales still face serious threats, including ship strikes, fishing nets, plastic waste, and noise pollution. While some species of whales are recovering — slowly — many are not. Therefore, protecting whales could add significantly to carbon capture. Enhancing protection of whales from human-made dangers would deliver benefits to ourselves and the planet. Nature has had millions of years to perfect her whale-based carbon sink technology. All we need to do is let the whales live. 28．(2.5分)What is the main concern about the proposed solutions to global warming? A．Necessity of transforming life styles. B．Limitations of current human efforts. C．Seriousness of the greenhouse effect. D．Urgency of reducing carbon footprint. 29．(2.5分)What can be inferred about whales’ carbon storage? A．It removes carbon from air. B．It depends on ocean’s depth. C．It occurs within a short time. D．It competes with that of forests. 30．(2.5分)What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning the “whale pump” in paragraph 3? A．How whales boost carbon capture. B．What phytoplankton need to grow. C．Where whales’ waste products land. D．Why phytoplankton produce more oxygen. 31．(2.5分)Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Whales: Victims of Climate Change B．Whales: Sources of Ocean Minerals C．Whales: Protectors of Deep Oceans D．Whales: Giants in Carbon Reduction 【答案】28．B 29．A 30．A 31．D 【导语】文章主要说明了如今人工固碳方案缺陷颇多，研究发现巨鲸能大量封存二氧化碳，排泄物与“鲸鱼泵”还促进浮游植物固碳。鲸群数量锐减，保护鲸鱼是低成本天然减碳方式。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据第一段“But many proposed solutions to global warming, such as capturing carbon directly from the air and burying it deep in the earth, are complex, untested, and expensive.(但许多应对全球变暖的方案，例如直接从空气中捕获碳并将其深埋于地下，都十分复杂、未经验证且成本高昂)”可知，对全球变暖所提出的解决方案，主要担忧是当前人类努力的局限性。 29．推理判断题。根据第二段“Joe Roman, a marine biologist, and his team have recently discovered that whales especially the great whales play a significant role in capturing carbon from the atmosphere. Whales accumulate carbon in their bodies during their long lives. When they die, they sink to the bottom of the ocean; each great whale stores 33 tons of CO₂ on average, taking that carbon out of the atmosphere for centuries.(海洋生物学家乔·罗曼及其团队最近发现，鲸类，尤其是大型鲸类，在从大气中吸收碳方面发挥着重要作用。鲸类在漫长的生命过程中会在体内积累碳。当它们死亡后，会沉入海底；每头大型鲸平均储存33吨二氧化碳，将这些碳从大气中长期封存)”可知，鲸类的碳储存从空气中移除碳。 30．推理判断题。根据第三段“It turns out that whales’ waste products contain exactly the substances notably iron and nitrogen (氮) phytoplankton need to grow. Whales bring minerals up to the ocean surface through their vertical (垂直的) movement, called the “whale pump”, and through their migration across oceans.(原来，鲸鱼的排泄物中含有植物浮游生物生长所需的铁和氮等关键物质。鲸鱼通过垂直移动（称为“鲸鱼泵”）以及横跨海洋的迁徙行为，将这些矿物质带到海面)”可知，作者在第三段提到“鲸鱼泵”试图说明鲸鱼如何促进碳捕获。 31．主旨大意题。根据第二段“Joe Roman, a marine biologist, and his team have recently discovered that whales especially the great whales play a significant role in capturing carbon from the atmosphere.(海洋生物学家乔·罗曼及其团队最近发现，鲸类，尤其是大型鲸类，在从大气中捕获碳方面发挥着重要作用)”结合文章主要说明了如今人工固碳方案缺陷颇多，研究发现巨鲸能大量封存二氧化碳，排泄物与“鲸鱼泵”还促进浮游植物固碳。鲸群数量锐减，保护鲸鱼是低成本天然减碳方式。可知，D选项“鲸鱼：碳减排的巨人”最符合文章标题。 （本题10分）A new study has found that the size of a fish group affects their collective and individual behaviour. When ocean acidification (酸化) makes reef habitat less complex, the fish living there gather in smaller groups that offer less social protection. “Fish in bigger groups tend to be bolder, as they search for food more efficiently, stay out in the open more, and spend less time hiding,” said lead author Dr Mitchell, from Adelaide University, Australia. Importantly, the study found that these changes in behaviour were not the direct result of higher temperatures and lower pH. “The direct effects of warming, acidification, and heat wave stress on individual fish behaviour were mostly minimal,” said project leader Professor Ivan. “Across all reef types, even during a heat wave, the fish behaved in much the same way. They kept feeding. They did not suddenly become more active.” Dr Mitchell said while studies looking into direct impacts of climate change on the environment are important, the broader context should also be considered when assessing climate change impacts. In the real world, fish do not experience climate change individually; they experience it as members of communities, shaped by the habitat around them and the other individuals they live alongside. The study’s findings have significant implications for how we understand climate change impacts on marine life. Traditional approaches to assessing climate sensitivity have focused on individual physiological tolerances — how much heat a fish can stand, or how much acidity its blood can bear. But Mitchell’s work suggests that this individual-centric view may miss the bigger picture. A fish that is physiologically capable of surviving in acidified water may still be ecologically in danger if the social networks it depends on for survival have collapsed. “We tend to think of climate change impacts as something that happens to individuals,” says Mitchell. “But what we’re seeing here is a cascade. The habitat changes, the social structure changes, and the behaviour changes — all without the individual fish showing any obvious signs of pain.” 32．(2.5分)What does the study show regarding reef fish? A．Smaller groups make fish more active. B．Group size affects their individual behaviour. C．Heat waves greatly change their feeding habits. D．Ocean acidification fosters their social protection. 33．(2.5分)What is the limitation of the traditional approach? A．It leaves out ocean changes. B．It ignores fish social communities. C．It misjudges climate sensitivity. D．It overestimates fish tolerance. 34．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “cascade” in paragraph 5 refer to? A．Chain effect. B．Sharp pain. C．Sudden crash. D．Reef structure. 35．(2.5分)What is the text mainly about? A．How fish find food in reefs. B．A new way to protect ocean life. C．A silent climate threat to fish. D．Fish groups and social behaviour. 【答案】32．B 33．B 34．A 35．C 【导语】主要介绍新研究发现海洋酸化改变鱼群规模进而影响鱼类行为，阐述气候变化对鱼类存在隐性的社会性连锁危害。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A new study has found that the size of a fish group affects their collective and individual behaviour. (一项新研究发现，鱼群的规模会影响它们的群体行为和个体行为。)”可知，该研究表明鱼群的规模大小会对鱼类的个体行为造成影响。 33．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Traditional approaches to assessing climate sensitivity have focused on individual physiological tolerances — how much heat a fish can stand, or how much acidity its blood can bear. But Mitchell’s work suggests that this individual-centric view may miss the bigger picture. (评估气候敏感度的传统方式一直聚焦个体生理耐受极限——鱼类可以忍受多高温度，或是其血液能承受多大酸度。但米切尔的研究指出，这种以个体为中心的观点可能忽视了更宏观的全貌。)” 可知，传统研究仅关注鱼类个体生理耐受能力，忽视了鱼类生存的社会群体环境与整体生态。 34．词句猜测题。根据第五段中的 “The habitat changes, the social structure changes, and the behaviour changes — all without the individual fish showing any obvious signs of pain. (栖息地发生改变，社会结构发生改变，行为方式也发生改变——所有这些变化发生时，鱼类个体并不会表现出任何明显的不适迹象。)”可知，气候变化会引发栖息地、鱼群社会结构、鱼类行为的一系列连锁改变，因此，画线单词指代“连锁效应”。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“We tend to think of climate change impacts as something that happens to individuals. But what we’re seeing here is a cascade. The habitat changes, the social structure changes, and the behaviour changes — all without the individual fish showing any obvious signs of pain. (我们倾向于把气候变化的影响看作发生在个体身上的事。但我们在这里看到的是一连串连锁变化。栖息地改变，种群结构改变，行为改变——所有这些发生时，单条鱼没有显现出任何明显的痛苦征兆。)”可知，文章主要介绍气候变化不会直接对鱼类个体造成伤害，却会通过连锁反应改变海洋栖息地与鱼群生存模式，对鱼类造成隐蔽的生存威胁，揭示了气候变化对鱼类的隐性危害。 （本题12.5分）Finding Nemo just got trickier. Why? Because it looks like clownfish are shrinking. The colourful fish, made famous by the popular animated film, can quickly reduce their size as a way to deal with heat stress, a study in Science Advances suggests. 36(2.5分) Researchers studied 67 pairs of clownfish living in reefs off Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea during the marine heatwave of 2023. 37(2.5分) Adult clownfish grow to be about 8cm long but these animals lost a couple of millimetres in the space of a few months. “This is not just about getting skinnier under stressful conditions, these fish are actually getting shorter,” says Melissa Versteeg. It’s well known that animals can evolve to become smaller over generations. 38(2.5分) For example, some fish on remote islands gradually shrink in size. But these are evolutionary changes that occur across hundreds of years. It may not sound it but this rapid response is actually good for the fish. Shrinking increased individuals’ chances of surviving the heatwave by as much as 78 per cent, the team found. 39(2.5分) We don’t yet know if other fish species are also shrinking during heatwaves but, if they are, it could explain a bigger trend: many ocean fish are getting smaller. Other explanations include pollution, habitat degradation, overfishing and food web disruptions. 40(2.5分) A．They measured the fish every month for five months and found 75% shrank. B．The study also solves the problem of worldwide overfishing in the oceans. C．This finding may explain why fish worldwide are becoming smaller in warmer seas. D．Island dwarfism is a typical case caused by limited resources on islands. E．Marine heatwaves are becoming more frequent as global temperatures rise. F．Many cartoon characters are based on lovely sea animals like clownfish. G．So this rapid shrinking could be a key new explanation for smaller fish. 【答案】36．C 37．A 38．D 39．E 40．G 【导语】介绍研究发现海葵鱼（小丑鱼）遭遇海洋热浪时会快速体型缩小以应对高温压力，并分析这种快速变小的现象、与长期进化变小的区别、生存意义以及对全球海洋鱼类体型变小趋势的解释。 【详解】36．根据上文 “The colourful fish, made famous by the popular animated film, can quickly reduce their size as a way to deal with heat stress, a study in Science Advances suggests.(一项发表在《科学进展》期刊上的研究表明： 这种因热门动画电影而闻名的彩色鱼类，能够快速缩小自身体型，以此来应对高温带来的生存压力)” 可知，空格处说明这一发现的意义。C选项 “This finding may explain why fish worldwide are becoming smaller in warmer seas.(这一发现或许能解释为何全球变暖海域的鱼类体型正在变小)” 承接上文，符合语境。 37．根据上文“Researchers studied 67 pairs of clownfish living in reefs off Kimbe Bay in Papua New Guinea during the marine heatwave of 2023.(研究人员在2023年海洋热浪期间，对巴布亚新几内亚金贝湾海域珊瑚礁中的67对小丑鱼展开了研究)” 可知，空格处介绍研究过程和得出的结果。A 选项 “They measured the fish every month for five months and found 75% shrank.(他们连续五个月每月测量，发现75%的小丑鱼体型变小)” 承接上文，符合语境。 38．根据下文 “For example, some fish on remote islands gradually shrink in size.(例如，偏远岛屿的鱼类会逐渐变小)” 可知，空格处举例说明岛屿侏儒化这种世代进化变小的典型情况。D 选项 “Island dwarfism is a typical case caused by limited resources on islands.(岛屿侏儒化是因岛屿资源有限而形成的典型案例)” 引出下文举例，符合语境。 39．根据上文 “Shrinking increased individuals’chances of surviving the heatwave by as much as 78 per cent, the team found.(研究小组发现，体型缩小让小丑鱼在热浪中的存活率提升78%)” 可知，空格处说明全球升温背景下海洋热浪愈发频繁。E 选项 “Marine heatwaves are becoming more frequent as global temperatures rise.（随着全球气温升高，海洋热浪愈发频繁）” 承接上下文，符合语境 40．根据上文 “Other explanations include pollution, habitat degradation, overfishing and food web disruptions.(鱼类变小还有污染、栖息地破坏、过度捕捞等其他原因)” 可知，空格处总结小丑鱼快速缩小这一现象。G 选项 “So this rapid shrinking could be a key new explanation for smaller fish.(所以这种快速体型缩小可能是鱼类变小的一个关键新解释)” 承接上文，符合语境。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）We had long dreamed of going to the Caribbean, but couldn’t afford it. 41 , a friend mentioned “pet sitting”. This could provide us the chance to 42 the destination while looking after pets whose owners are away from home. We quickly created an account, sent a request and 43 a three-month sit in the Virgin Islands. Having thoroughly toured the whole area, we secured another sit in Grenada. Later, inspired by a popular influencer couple, we 44 our own travel blog, writing about the Virgin Islands, centering around beautiful beaches. But 45 would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach. It was hard to 46 the plastic pollution issue, especially on such pure and remote beaches. The severity of the global plastic crisis 47 us. From that point, we used our 48 to raise public awareness of saying no to plastic products. We also 49 ourselves to live a plastic-free life. We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take-aways and avoiding plastic packaging. We carried reusable bags and tableware when travelling. On our daily dog 50 , we picked up rubbish and 51 those photos online. We connected with like-minded people and worked with eco-conscious brands. Eventually, the 52 led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada. Over these years, our platform has 53 people from all walks of life and seen brands shifting towards more 54 products. Looking back, we realize that even a small step — like picking up rubbish while walking a pet — can grow into a 55 change. 41．(1分)A．Awkwardly B．Accidentally C．Gratefully D．Desperately 42．(1分)A．cover B．inspect C．explore D．consider 43．(1分)A．reached B．noticed C．landed D．refused 44．(1分)A．checked B．started C．cancelled D．visited 45．(1分)A．tourists B．sand C．pets D．litter 46．(1分)A．ignore B．address C．discover D．emphasize 47．(1分)A．confused B．alarmed C．bored D．embarrassed 48．(1分)A．fame B．curiosity C．platform D．occupation 49．(1分)A．disciplined B．persuaded C．comforted D．assigned 50．(1分)A．training B．adoption C．shows D．walks 51．(1分)A．shot B．posted C．collected D．viewed 52．(1分)A．cooperation B．competition C．affection D．expectation 53．(1分)A．relaxed B．delighted C．motivated D．challenged 54．(1分)A．sustainable B．appealing C．convenient D．familiar 55．(1分)A．double-edged B．people-centered C．short-term D．far-reaching 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．C 44．B 45．D 46．A 47．B 48．C 49．A 50．D 51．B 52．A 53．C 54．A 55．D 【导语】主要讲述一对夫妻通过宠物看护开启加勒比之旅，继而利用博客平台宣传减塑，发起海滩清理活动，带来深远影响的故事。 【详解】41．考查副词。句意：偶然间，一位朋友提到了“照看宠物”。A. Awkwardly笨拙地；B. Accidentally偶然地；C. Gratefully感激地；D. Desperately拼命地。根据上文“but couldn’t afford it”以及下文“a friend mentioned “pet sitting”可知，此处指的是朋友无意间提起这个办法。 42．考查动词。句意：这可以为我们提供机会，在照看主人外出的宠物的同时探索这个目的地。A. cover覆盖；B. inspect检查；C. explore探索；D. consider考虑。根据下文“Having thoroughly toured the whole area”可知，他们借此机会游览、探索此地。 43．考查动词。句意：我们很快注册了一个账号，发送了申请，并成功得到了一份在维尔京群岛为期三个月的宠物看护工作。A. reached到达；B. noticed注意到；C. landed成功得到（工作、机会）；D. refused拒绝。根据上文“sent a request”以及下文“a three-month sit”可知，他们提交申请之后，顺利拿下这份看护任务，land有“谋得、得到”的含义。 44．考查动词。句意：后来，受一对网红夫妇的启发，我们创办了自己的旅行博客，写下关于维尔京群岛的见闻，以美丽的海滩为主题。A. checked检查；B. started创办，开启；C. cancelled取消；D. visited拜访。根据下文的“our own travel blog”可知，此处指的是开办博客。 45．考查名词。句意：但是在每一张美丽的海滩照片里，垃圾总会映入眼帘。A. tourists游客；B. sand沙子；C. pets宠物；D. litter垃圾。根据下文“the plastic pollution issue”塑料污染问题，可推知照片里出现的是塑料垃圾。 46．考查动词。句意：忽视塑料污染问题很难，尤其是在这样纯净又偏远的海滩上。A. ignore忽视；B. address解决；C. discover发现；D. emphasize强调。根据上文“But_____would come into view in every beautiful shot of the beach.”可知，海滩照片总能看见垃圾，说明污染显而易见，很难不去注意、很难忽视。 47．考查动词。句意：全球塑料危机的严重程度使我们感到担忧、警觉。A. confused使困惑；B. alarmed使惊恐，使担忧；C. bored使厌烦；D. embarrassed使尴尬。根据上文“The severity of the global plastic crisis”可知，看到严重的塑料污染，他们内心受到触动、为之警觉担忧。 48．考查名词。句意：从那时起，我们利用我们的平台来提高公众拒绝塑料制品的意识。A. fame名声；B. curiosity好奇心；C. platform平台；D. occupation职业。根据上文“we started our own travel blog”可知，博客就是他们的宣传平台。 49．考查动词。句意：我们也严格约束自己过无塑料的生活。A. disciplined自我约束；B. persuaded说服；C. comforted安慰；D. assigned分配。根据下文“We adjusted our diets, seldom ordering take‑aways and avoiding plastic packaging.”可知，调整饮食，不点外卖，避开塑料包装，说明他们严格自律。 50．考查名词。句意：在每天遛狗的时候，我们捡拾垃圾，并把那些照片发到网上。A. training训练；B. adoption收养；C. shows展览；D. walks散步。根据后文“picked up rubbish”及宠物看护的背景可知，这是在遛狗时做的事，固定搭配 dog walks表示“遛狗”。 51．考查动词。句意：在每天遛狗的时候，我们捡拾垃圾，并把那些照片发到网上。A. shot拍摄；B. posted发布；C. collected收集；D. viewed观看。根据下文的online可知，此处指的是将照片发布到网络上。 52．考查名词。句意：最终，这次合作促使我们在格林纳达组织了一场全国范围的海滩清理活动。A. cooperation合作；B. competition竞争；C. affection喜爱；D. expectation期待。根据上文“We connected with like‑minded people and worked with eco‑conscious brands.”可知，我们结识志同道合的人并且和注重环保的品牌合作，由此引出海滩清理活动。 53．考查动词。句意：这些年来，我们的平台激励了各行各业的人，也见证各个品牌转向生产更加可持续的产品。A. relaxed使放松；B. delighted使高兴；C. motivated激励；D. challenged挑战。根据下文“people from all walks of life”及积极影响可知，平台激励了人们。 54．考查形容词。句意：这些年来，我们的平台激励了各行各业的人，也见证各个品牌转向生产更加可持续的产品。A. sustainable可持续的；B. appealing吸引人的；C. convenient方便的；D. familiar熟悉的。本文主题是减少塑料污染，环保对应的就是可持续发展产品。 55．考查形容词。句意：回首往事，我们意识到即便是很小的一步——比如遛狗时捡垃圾——也可以成长为一场影响深远的改变。A. double‑edged双刃剑的；B. people‑centered以人为本的；C. short‑term短期的；D. far‑reaching影响深远的。根据上文“Eventually, the ________ led us to organize a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in Grenada.”可知，从个人行为发展到全国运动，这种变化是影响深远的。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For thousands of years, Chinese people have looked up at the stars and longed intensely 56(1.5分) the mysterious infinite universe. Our ancestors recorded countless star-watching stories across dynasties, thus 57(1.5分) (create) inspiring cultural phenomena recorded in ancient poems and professional observatories. Only by observing astronomical laws diligently 58(1.5分) our ancestors manage to accumulate reliable data for accurate seasonal judgment. The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, standing in Guizhou’s remote mountainous areas, is far more powerful when 59(1.5分) (compare) with ordinary astronomical devices. It is capable of capturing 60(1.5分) extremely faint cosmic (宇宙的) signal that no ordinary ground device can detect. FAST supports in-depth research on the Big Bang theory, 61(1.5分) describes the origin of space billions of years ago. Scientists are striving to offer a convincing 62(1.5分) (explain) of the formation and long-term evolution of the universe, which makes it possible 63(1.5分) (grasp) the complex evolution rules of remote galaxies. Space achievements are never limited to ground equipment. Beyond powerful ground telescopes, China has accomplished a series of demanding aerospace missions: Chang’e rovers explored the lunar surface, Tianwen probed Mars, and the Tiangong capsule 64(1.5分) (steady) orbits Earth all year round. It is the researchers’ persistent efforts that have led to 65(1.5分) (sustain) breakthroughs in deep-space exploration, which can support continuous space research in the next decades. 【答案】 56．for 57．creating 58．did 59．compared 60．an 61．which 62．explanation 63．to grasp 64．steadily 65．sustained/sustainable 【导语】本文主要介绍中国从古至今的天文探索历程，从古人观星记录天象，到国之重器FAST天眼的科研价值，再到嫦娥、天问、天宫等系列航天成就，展现我国深空探测不断取得可持续突破。 【详解】56．考查介词。句意：数千年来，中国人仰望星空，强烈渴望着神秘无垠的宇宙。long for是固定短语，表示“渴望”，介词for符合题干要求。 57．考查非谓语动词。句意：我们的祖先在各个朝代记录了无数观星故事，从而创造了记载于古诗和专业观测台中的鼓舞人心的文化现象。本句已有谓语recorded，提示词create为动词，其前无连词，要将create变成非谓语动词；thus _________ (create) inspiring cultural phenomena recorded in ancient poems and professional observatories作结果状语，是主语Our ancestors发出的动作，要用现在分词creating表示主动含义。 58．考查部分倒装句和时态。句意：正是通过勤勉观测天文规律，我们的祖先才得以积累可靠数据，用以精准判断时节。Only by observing astronomical laws diligently是“only+介词短语”作状语置于句首，句子需用部分倒装结构；本句陈述过去的事实，时态用一般过去时，与部分倒装句连用时句型为“Only+介词短语+did+主语+动词原形+其他.”，题干中的manage为动词原形，可知助动词did符合题干结构。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：坐落于贵州偏远山区的500米口径球面射电望远镜，与普通天文设备相比要强大得多。The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope, standing in Guizhou’s remote mountainous areas, is far more powerful是主句，The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope作主语，when _______ (compare) with ordinary astronomical devices是when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式；当主句和状语从句的主语相同且从句含有be动词，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，此时省略的主语The Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical Telescope和compare之间是被动关系，要用过去分词compared。 60．考查冠词。句意：它能够捕捉极其微弱的宇宙信号，这类信号是普通地面设备无法探测到的。所填词修饰名词短语extremely faint cosmic signal，要填冠词；extremely以元音音素开头，signal是首次出现的单数可数名词，要用不定冠词an表示泛指。 61．考查定语从句。句意：FAST为深入研究大爆炸理论提供支撑，该理论阐释了数十亿年前宇宙的起源。“________ describes the origin of space billions of years ago”是关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Big Bang theory；先行词为事物名词，所填关系词在该从句中作主语，只能用关系代词which。 62．考查名词。句意：科学家们正努力为宇宙的形成与长期演化给出一份令人信服的解释，这让我们能够掌握遥远星系复杂的演化规律。a convincing作定语修饰所填词，所填词要用单数名词，要将动词explain变成名词explanation。 63．考查非谓语动词。句意：科学家们正努力为宇宙的形成与长期演化给出一份令人信服的解释，这让我们能够掌握遥远星系复杂的演化规律。题干中makes是make的第三人称单数形式，固定结构为make it+形容词+to do sth，it为形式宾语，真正宾语是动词不定式，要将grasp变成to grasp。 64．考查副词。句意：除功能强大的地面望远镜外，中国还完成了一系列高难度航天任务：嫦娥探测器探测了月球表面，天问探测器探测了火星，天宫舱体常年稳定环绕地球运行。所填词作状语修饰谓语动词orbits，要将形容词steady变成副词steadily。 65．考查形容词。句意：正是科研人员坚持不懈的努力，才带来了深空探测领域（可）持续的重大突破，这些突破能够为未来数十年不间断的太空研究提供支撑。所填词作定语修饰名词breakthroughs，需填入形容词；sustain对应的两个形容词sustained表示“持续的”，sustainable表示“可持续的”，均贴合本句语境。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）在3月22日“世界水日”这天，你们班同学发起“保护水体，人人有责”的倡议，请你根据该倡议题目写一篇发言稿。内容包括： 1.水的重要性和水污染的严重后果； 2.1-2条保护水体的具体措施和方法。 注意： 1.写作词数80词左右； 2.可适当增加细节使行文连贯，流畅。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文： Protect Water Resources, Everyone’s Duty Dear classmates, Water is the source of all life. Without clean water, humans, plants and animals cannot survive. However, water pollution is getting worse. Waste from factories and daily garbage make rivers dirty, causing illnesses and destroying aquatic life. We must take action. First, never pour rubbish or dirty water into rivers or lakes. Second, reuse water in daily life, such as using washing water to water flowers. Let’s protect water together and pass the idea to people around us! 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生根据倡议题目“保护水体，人人有责”写一篇发言稿，说明水的重要性和水污染的严重后果，并提出1-2条保护水体的具体措施和方法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 导致：cause → bring about/contribute to 脏的：dirty→polluted 使用：use → utilize 保护：protect → safeguard 2.句式拓展 合并句子 原句：Water is the source of all life. Without clean water, humans, plants and animals cannot survive. 拓展句：Water is the source of all life, without which humans, plants and animals cannot survive. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Waste from factories and daily garbage make rivers dirty, causing illnesses and destroying aquatic life. (运用了现在分词短语作状语) 【高分句型2】Second, reuse water in daily life, such as using washing water to water flowers. (运用了动词不定式短语作状语) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落的开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 As part of our school’s Green Living Week activity, our class decided to launch a community waste-sorting volunteer project, aiming to teach nearby residents how to sort rubbish correctly and build a cleaner, greener neighborhood. As the group leader, I made a detailed plan with my teammates — Lily and Tom, and we spent our spare time making colourful brochures with clear sorting guides, preparing vivid posters painted with lovely cartoon patterns and practising our speeches carefully until we could explain the rules fluently. We were filled with ambition and expected to win the Best Green Activity Award of the school, which would bring great honor to our class and inspire more people to live an eco-friendly life. On the first day of the activity, we set up a stand decorated with green ribbons (丝带) in the busy community square. However, few residents stopped to listen to us; some even walked past quickly, their eyes glancing over our posters without any interest at all. Worse still, when we tried to explain waste sorting to an elderly lady passing by, she shook her head gently and said it was too troublesome to follow the complicated rules every day. Lily grew discouraged and lowered her head, suggesting we quit, while Tom grew impatient, raising his voice to blame the residents for their lack of environmental awareness. Tension rose quickly among our small group, and our green project, which we had prepared for weeks, seemed to fall apart at once. Just as we were quarrelling and packing up our materials in disappointment, a sudden strong wind blew away all our carefully-made brochures and posters across the square. Some papers even fell into a dirty pool, getting wet and torn beyond repair. I stared at the messy scene, my throat tight with sorrow — our efforts for green living seemed to totally make no difference. At that moment, a middle-aged woman in a volunteer vest (马甲) walked towards us, holding a pile of neat paper and a roll of tape. 注意： （1）续写词数应为150个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The woman smiled gently and told us she was a full-time community green volunteer. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thanks to her guidance, we restarted our project with a brand-new attitude. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】      The woman smiled gently and told us she was a full-time community green volunteer. She comforted us patiently and said many residents were too busy to stop by, instead of lacking environmental awareness. She shared practical tips with us, such as talking with residents in a warm tone and using simple daily examples to explain sorting rules. She also helped us tidy up the messy materials and cheered us up not to give up easily. Her kind words and useful experience swept away our disappointment. Lily and Tom calmed down immediately and apologized to each other for their bad moods. We regained our confidence and decided to try new ways to carry out our project. Thanks to her guidance, we restarted our project with a brand-new attitude. We divided our work reasonably: I chatted warmly with passing residents, Lily showed easy-to-understand picture examples, and Tom helped sort rubbish on the spot. Gradually, more and more residents stopped to join us. The elderly lady even came back to learn carefully and promised to stick to waste sorting every day. Finally, our activity won wide praise in the community. Although we didn’t focus on the award any longer, we truly realized real honor lies in practical green efforts and sincere teamwork to warm the neighborhood. 【导语】本文以班级开展社区垃圾分类志愿活动为线索，讲述“我们”提前精心筹备活动，却在现场遭遇居民冷落、同伴争执、物料被大风损毁的困境，最后得到社区全职志愿者暖心帮助、重拾信心继续开展活动的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写 ① 由第一段首句内容可知，接下来可描写志愿者耐心安抚失落的“我们”，分析活动遇冷的真实原因，分享接地气的沟通技巧，帮忙整理凌乱物料，化解同伴矛盾、重振团队信心。 ② 由第二段首句内容可知，接下来可描写“我们”合理分工、调整沟通方式，耐心向居民科普垃圾分类知识，打动过往居民主动参与，最终收获认可，领悟环保志愿活动的真正意义。 2. 续写线索 志愿者暖心安抚开导——传授实用志愿沟通技巧——团队和解重拾信心——分工协作优化活动方式——居民主动参与配合——收获认可，领悟环保初心与团队协作的意义 3.词类激活 行为类 ①消除：sweep away/remove/get rid of ②意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①安慰：comfort/soothe ②失望：disappointment/frustration 【点睛】【高分句型1】She comforted us patiently and said many residents were too busy to stop by, instead of lacking environmental awareness.（运用了省略that的宾语从句） 【高分句型2】Although we didn’t focus on the award any longer, we truly realized real honor lies in practical green efforts and sincere teamwork to warm the neighborhood.（运用了although引导的让步状语从句） 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $