高中英语单元测试——Unit 5 Humans and Nature（较难版02）

听力考试正式开始。There was a fire half an hour ago. Luckily, nobody got hurt in IT. There was a fire half an hour ago. Lucy, nobody got hurt in IT. Listen to the next question. The strong earthquake has destroyed transport in that area. Then how can rescue teams and supplies reach there by plane? Food, clothing, rescue and medical teams are all sent in this way. Listen to the next question. Please go away from the tool buildings as . soon as possible. Why the shaking has stopped? It's over . because the following small earthquakes can come soon. It's Better to be safe than sorry. Please go away from the tall buildings as . soon as possible. Why the shaking has stopped? It's over . because the following small earthquakes can come soon. It's Better to be safe than sorry. Listen to the next question. We moved out before IT reached this area. When we returned, I found there was water everywhere, even in my bedroom. IT was really scary. The roof of . my . house was blown away by the wind. Listen to the next question. Was your roof all right, after the storm? I saw a workman there today . that wasn't a problem. The workman was putting some new glass in an upstairs window. IT was broken by a tree branch. Luckily, IT didn't damage my car. Listen to the next question. Did you feel the earthquake last night? I did IT must have been a big one. As i'm a heavy sleepers. I grabs my dog and ran outside as soon as I felt the earthquake. Oh, you shouldn't do that. You should find something to hide under. I gathered my family under a strong table. I'll remember that for the future. The last . earthquake was twenty years ago when I was ten years old. I still remember red now. IT only lasted about twenty five seconds, but I was very scary. I couldn't go back to sleep afterwards. Did you feel the earthquake last night? I did. IT must have been a big one. As i'm a heavy slipper. I grabs my dog and ran outside as soon as I felt the earthquake. Oh, you shouldn't do that. You should find something to hide under. I gathered my family under a strong table. I'll remember that for the future. The last . earthquake was twenty years ago when I was ten years old. I still remember IT now. IT only lasted about twenty five seconds, but I was very scary. I couldn't go back to sleep afterwards. Listen to the next question. Hey, Hillary, have you watched the news about a watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read them on a website this morning. Yeah, he looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guma. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was . destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What is he going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. Well, that is good news. Hey Hillary, have you watched the news about watermelon television? Are you talking about the hurricane? I read them on a website this morning. Yeah, he looked terrible. right? Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in guma. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed. Oh, no. Is he okay? yeah. Luckily he didn't get hurt. He heard on news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house, though. What is he going to do? He is at a friend's house now, and he will fix his house as . soon as possible. Well, that is good news. Listen to the next question. I'm worried about our trip to paris next week. why there . has been heavy rain that has lifted the same river to about twenty feet, its highest levels since one thousand and eighty two. IT actually reached twenty eight point two feet in one thousand and ten. If you can believe IT IT is Normally only five feet high. Workers have said that the river won't go back to its original level for another week or two. Do you think the ground beneath the iphone tower . is flooded? IT is, I saw a photo of IT. We won't even be able to walk around and see the city. I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don't get wet or muddy. Many buildings don't have power. And I read that staff at the love museum had to move all the artworks to higher floors. It's still close to visitors. I hope we can at least see the new y'll say that my favorite ite museum . in the world that's . closed too. Oh no. I'm worried about our trip to paris next week. Why there . has been heavy rain that has lifted the same river to about twenty feet, its highest levels since one thousand nine hundred and eighty two. IT actually reached twenty eight point two feet in one thousand nine and ten. If you can believe IT IT is Normally only five feet high. Workers have said that the river won't go back to its original level for another week or two. Do you think the ground beneath the iphone tower . is flooded? IT is, I saw a photo of IT. We won't even be able to walk around and see the city. I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don't get wet or muddy. Many buildings don't have power. And I read that staff at the love room museum had to move all the artworks to hire floors. It's still close to . visitors. I hope we can at least see the new y'll say that's my favorite museum . in the world that's . closed too. Oh, no. Listen to the next question. How was your last lesson? IT was interesting. Mister Brown taught us about floods. We get frequent floods around here because we have so many rivers and the land is so flat. My mom is always worried about IT. Mister Brown says that there are engineered solutions to prevent flooding like sea walls or river banks. We have some by my house, because the river always floods in the weather months. Last month, our downstairs got flooded. Did you all have to stay upstairs? We went to our grandparents house instead. It's all fine now though, but IT costs us a lot of money to repair everything. It's important never to stay in a flooded house, especially because of the dangers of water and electricity. Together, there are some other solutions to prevent flooding to, such as planting more trees to take in the water. That way you are also helping the environment. I totally agree. It's a win win situation for both the environment and our community. How was your last lesson? IT was interesting. mr. Browns told us about floods. We get frequent floods around here because we have so many rivers and the land is so flat. My mom is always worried about IT. Mister Brown says that there are engineer solutions to prevent flooding, like sea walls or riverbanks. We have some buy my house because the river always floods in the weather months. Last month, i've downstair got flooded. Did you all have to stay upstairs? We went to our grandparents house instead. It's all fine now, though. But IT costs us a lot of money to repair everything. It's important never to stay in a flooded house, especially because of the dangers of water and electricity. Together, there are some other solutions to prevent flooding to, such as planting more trees to take in the water. That way, you are also helping the environment. I totally agree. It's a win win situation to both the environment and our community. Listen the next question. Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place, so IT is very important to realize how at risk IT is. I'm not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important is is to protect what we love. Here you'll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons and rising floods within our coastal city. The biggest danger is sea level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations under water to show how real these risks are. Before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest goal grew into this exhibition as students, teachers and neighbors offered their talent, stories and support because of every one of you. More workshops will launch next month. To thank you for helping us reach this moment, i'd like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place. So IT is very important to realize how at risk IT is. I'm not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important IT is to protect what we love. Here you'll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons and rising floods within our coastal city. The biggest danger is sea level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations under water to show how real these risks are before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest school grew into this exhibition as students, teachers and neighbors offered their talent, stories and support because of every one of you. More workshops will launch next month to thank you for helping us reach this moment, i'd like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. 听力部分到此结束。 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 5 Humans and Nature 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 【答案】A 【原文】W: There was a fire half an hour ago. M: Luckily nobody got hurt in it. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 【答案】C 【原文】M: The strong earthquake has destroyed transport in that area. W: Then how can rescue teams and supplies reach there? M: By plane. Food, clothing, rescue and medical teams are all sent in this way. 3．（本题1.5分）Which disaster are the speakers experiencing? A．A storm. B．A flood. C．An earthquake. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Please go away from the tall buildings as soon as possible. W: Why? The shaking has stopped. It’s over. M: Because the following small earthquakes can come soon. It’s better to be safe than sorry. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A house. B．A storm. C．An accident. 【答案】B 【原文】W: We moved out before it reached this area. When we returned, I found there was water everywhere, even in my bedroom. M: It was really scary. The roof of my house was blown away by the wind. 5．（本题1.5分）What was damaged in the storm? A．The car. B．The roof. C．A window. 【答案】C 【原文】M: Was your roof all right after the storm? I saw a workman there today. W: That wasn’t a problem. The workman was putting some new glass in an upstairs window. It was broken by a tree branch. Luckily it didn’t damage my car. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What does the man suggest doing in an earthquake? A．Going outside. B．Protecting the pet. C．Hiding under something. 7．(1.5分)How old is the man? A．20. B．25. C．30. 【答案】6．C 7．C 【原文】W: Did you feel the earthquake last night? M: I did. It must have been a big one as I’m a heavy sleeper. W: I grabbed my dog and ran outside as soon as I felt the earthquake. M: Oh, you shouldn’t do that. You should find something to hide under. I gathered my family under a strong table. W: I’ll remember that for the future. M: The last earthquake was 20 years ago when I was 10 years old. I still remember it now. It only lasted about 25 seconds, but it was very scary. I couldn’t go back to sleep afterwards. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．(1分)Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．(1分)How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. 【答案】8．B 9．B 10．A 【原文】M: Hey, Hillary. Have you watched the news about Guatemala on television? W: Are you talking about the hurricane? I read it on a website this morning. M: Yeah. It looked terrible, right? W: Really terrible. Actually, my uncle lives in Guatemala. We talked to him as soon as we heard of that, and his house was destroyed! M: Oh, no! Is he OK? W: Yeah, luckily, he didn’t get hurt. He heard on the news that a storm was coming, so he went to a public storm shelter. M: I am happy he is OK. That is awful about his house though. What is he going to do? W: He is at a friend’s house now, and he will fix his house as soon as possible. M: Well, that is good news. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 12．(1.5分)What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 13．(1.5分)What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. 【答案】11．C 12．B 13．C 【原文】M: I’m worried about our trip to Paris next week. W: Why? M: There has been heavy rain that has lifted the Seine River to about 20 feet, its highest level since 1982. It actually reached 28.2 feet in 1910, if you can believe it... It is normally only 5 feet high. Workers have said that the river won’t go back to its original level for another week or two. W: Do you think the ground beneath the Eiffel Tower is flooded? M: It is. I saw a photo of it. W: We won’t even be able to walk around and see the city! M: I think we can still walk around. We just have to bring rain boots so our feet don’t get wet or muddy. Many buildings don’t have power, and I read that staff at the Louvre Museum had to move all the artworks to higher floors. It’s still closed to visitors. W: I hope we can at least see the Musée d’Orsay. That’s my favorite museum in the world. M: That’s closed, too. W: Oh no! （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Doctor and patient. 15．(1.5分)What can help prevent flooding according to Mr. Brown? A．Tall houses. B．Big bridges. C．Sea walls. 16．(1.5分)What happened to the man last month? A．His bedroom was flooded. B．His downstairs was flooded. C．His classroom was flooded. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest doing if a house is flooded? A．Calling the police. B．Waiting for help. C．Leaving the house. 【答案】14．A 15．C 16．B 17．C 【原文】M: How was your last lesson? W: It was interesting. Mr. Brown taught us about floods. M: We get frequent floods around here because we have so many rivers and the land is so flat. My mom is always worried about it. W: Mr. Brown says that there are engineered solutions to prevent flooding, like sea walls or river banks. M: We have some by my house because the river always floods in the wetter months. Last month our downstairs got flooded. W: Did you all have to stay upstairs? M: We went to our grandparents’ house instead. It’s all fine now though, but it costs us a lot of money to repair everything. W: It’s important never to stay in a flooded house, especially because of the dangers of water and electricity together. There are some other solutions to prevent flooding too, such as planting more trees to take in the water. That way, you’re also helping the environment. M: I totally agree. It’s a win-win situation for both the environment and our community. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(2分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．(2分)What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．(2分)What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 【答案】18．C 19．B 20．A 【原文】 W: Thanks for coming to this art gallery opening. As you can see, all the art here has been painted and created to represent and celebrate local natural beauty. We come from such a beautiful place, so it is very important to realize how at risk it is. I’m not saying this to scare anyone, but to remind us how much we love our planet and how important it is to protect what we love. Here, you’ll see images of hills on fire, powerful typhoons, and rising floods. Within our coastal city, the biggest danger is sea-level rise. Many local artists have painted our streets and train stations underwater to show how real these risks are. Before we open the room to guests, I want to share the origin of this show. The initial idea was not fundraising or even climate messaging. We simply wanted to expand art classes in our community centers. That modest goal grew into this exhibition as students, teachers, and neighbors offered their talent, stories, and support. Because of everyone of you, more workshops will launch next month. To thank you for helping us reach this moment, I’d like to invite several of our lead supporters to say a few words about the student program. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The sport of mountain climbing began in 1760, when a young Genevan scientist offered a prize for the first ascent (攀登) of Mont Blanc. Today, that spirit lives on in peaks (山顶) worldwide. Here are some of the best.Ama Dablam At a mere 6,812 meters, Nepal’s Ama Dablam is the third most popular peak in the Himalayas in terms of permitted climbing expeditions. Peak climbing season here is from April to May and September to October. All climbers are required to get a climbing permit and a liaison (联络) officer.Table Mountain Table Mountain is a flat-topped mountain overlooking the city of Cape Town in South Africa. The highest point on Table Mountain is 1,086 meters above sea level. What makes it a fun feature is that, unlike the other mountains on this list, this one can be climbed via a cable car. Hiking up the mountain is also an option.Mount Fuji Located in Japan, Mount Fuji is considered a national symbol and UNESCO World Heritage site. Every year, thousands of hikers make the climb to its summit during the official climbing season. Because of its perfect volcanic cone shape and cultural significance, the 3,776-meter-high Mount Fuji attracts both serious climbers and casual tourists. It is the most climbed mountain in Japan that offers breathtaking sunrise views from its peak.Mount Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro is known as the highest mountain in Africa. Towering at 5,895 meters, it is topped with multiple glaciers and an ice field. Its summit is relatively achievable for almost anyone who is fit in terms of both health and bank balances. Just make sure that you pay attention to your guide’s warning to go slowly. 21．(2.5分)Which of the following is more effort-saving? A．Ama Dablam. B．Mount Fuji. C．Table Mountain. D．Mount Kilimanjaro. 22．(2.5分)What sets Mount Fuji apart from the other mountains? A．It has perfect volcanic shape. B．Climbers must move around it before climbing. C．It has a strictly limited number of climbers every day. D．Climbers need a special climbing permit to climb it. 23．(2.5分)In which part of the website can you find this text? A．Geography. B．Advertisement. C．Lifestyle. D．Travelling. 【答案】21．C 22．A 23．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍四座世界著名登山山峰，包括海拔、特色、攀登方式与相关注意事项。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据Table Mountain部分中的“What makes it a fun feature is that, unlike the other mountains on this list, this one can be climbed via a cable car.(有趣的是，与榜单上其他山峰不同，这座山可以乘坐缆车攀登。)”可知，Table Mountain可以乘坐缆车，更加省力。故选C项。 22．细节理解题。根据Mount Fuji部分中的“Because of its perfect volcanic cone shape and cultural significance, the 3,776-meter-high Mount Fuji attracts both serious climbers and casual tourists.(因其完美的火山锥形状和文化意义，海拔3776米的富士山吸引了专业登山者和普通游客。)”可知，富士山区别于其他山峰的特点是拥有完美的火山形状。故选A项。 23．推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“Here are some of the best.(以下是一些最值得攀登的山峰。)”可知，文章以推荐最佳游览山峰为主线，侧重介绍景点特色与旅行提示，属于典型的旅游推介内容，因此，本文应出现在网站的旅游栏目。故选D项。 （本题10分）My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year. It began raining in mid-August and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达洪峰) and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter. On August 13, I woke up and headed toward the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing, my wife’s cousin came and told us to evacuate at once. I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time! My wife and I packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious (珍贵的) memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s. After being there for about an hour, the river was coming. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour, we found the river was on the way and we had to leave, again. We evacuated three times that day. I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings (浸水的财物). Got the cat safely though. 24．(2.5分)Why did the author slowly prepare to leave at first? A．Because there were too many supplies. B．Because he wanted to get his car repaired. C．Because no standing water appeared nearby. D．Because he had to wait for his wife’s cousin. 25．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “floored” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Shocked. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Amazed. 26．(2.5分)Where did the author’s family evacuate to first? A．A safe shelter downtown. B．His parents’ house. C．His wife’s grandmother’s. D．His wife’s cousin’s house. 27．(2.5分)What can be known about the flood? A．It lasted for a month. B．It destroyed many cars. C．It came very slowly. D．It caused much damage. 【答案】24．C 25．A 26．C 27．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一家在路易斯安那州遭遇罕见洪灾时三次撤离的经历。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据第一段中“There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter.(有消息称，当地的河流即将迎来洪峰，引发严重的洪水灾害。我们住的地方离阿米特河不算太远，但老邻居们告诉我们，我们所在的社区已经有一百多年没有遭遇过洪水了。我们以为还有几天时间，可以规划一下如何避难。)”、第二段中“Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about.(一些地势较低的区域已经开始积水，但我家附近，甚至整个社区里，都还没有出现积水没过地面的情况。我回到家，告诉妻子我们或许应该准备些生活物资，以防情况恶化；甚至可以收拾一辆车的行李，以备不时之需，尽管我当时十分确定，根本没什么可担心的。)”可知，作者一开始慢慢准备离开是因为附近没有积水。故选C。 25．词句猜测题。根据第三段中“I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time!(我回头一看，发现我的院子被水淹了，水位线离我家门阶只有半英寸，就要漫进屋里了。我floored。我们没有时间了！)”可知，作者发现院子被水淹了，水位线离门阶只有半英寸，就要漫进屋里了，这让作者感到震惊。由此可知，floored意为“震惊的”。A. Shocked震惊的；B. Confused困惑的；C. Satisfied满意的；D. Amazed惊讶的。故选A。 26．细节理解题。根据第四段中“We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s.(我们向东撤离了大约5英里，到了我妻子的祖母家。)”可知，作者一家首先撤离到了妻子的祖母家。故选C。 27．推理判断题。根据第一段中“My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year.(去年，我的家人在路易斯安那州一场鲜为人知但最严重的洪灾中几乎失去了一切。)”以及最后一段中“I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings.(在某个时刻，我开车穿过洪水，因为我们把猫留下了。当我回到我们家时，我走过齐膝深的水，里面满是垃圾和我们浸水的财物。)”可知，这场洪水造成了很大的破坏。故选D。 （本题10分）U.S. weather experts have confirmed that the forecasted El Niño (厄尔尼诺) has officially begun. They warn this could be the most powerful this century, causing extreme weather like droughts and floods that may harm farming and food supplies. El Niño is a natural phenomenon that happens again and again, moving warm air and water across the tropical Pacific. Normally, trade winds blow east to west, pushing warm water toward Asia. During El Niño, these winds weaken or the other way round, allowing warm water to move back toward the Americas. This cycle occurs every two to seven years and usually peaks around December or January. The name — Spanish for “little boy” — was named by fishermen who noticed warmer waters near Christmas. History offers serious lessons. In 1877, a strong El Niño caused terrible droughts across Asia, Brazil, and northern Africa, leading to famines (饥荒) that killed over 50 million people. The 2023-2024 El Niño — among the five strongest — made 2024 the hottest year and worsened food shortages in southern Africa, where farmers depend on rainfall. This year, major growing areas are at risk. India may face a weaker monsoon, reducing rice production. Southern Africa could see drier conditions threatening corn, while the southern U.S. may experience flooding that disrupts farming. Scientists are still studying how this El Niño will interact with climate change. Some governments have plans like planting earlier or importing more, but these may not protect small farmers who depend on selling crops. As one expert notes, policies may ensure “enough food,” but they won’t take care of the growers. The final outcome is unclear, but in a warming world, extreme weather is becoming more serious and likely. 28．(2.5分)What is the concern of US experts about El Niño? A．It may be strongest this century. B．It surely causes floods worldwide. C．It has ended very recently. D．It warms only Pacific waters. 29．(2.5分)What can we learn about El Niño in Paragraph 2? A．It is named after a fisherman. B．It is caused by human activities. C．It occurs regularly but not fixed. D．It only influences the ocean’s temperature. 30．(2.5分)What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The worst El Niño in history. B．A new high temperature record. C．El Niño disasters throughout history. D．The food shortage in southern Africa. 31．(2.5分)What can be inferred about small farmers? A．They will still face financial difficulties. B．They will get enough help. C．They will be the only group affected. D．They will try to avoid weather damage. 【答案】28．A 29．C 30．C 31．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了厄尔尼诺现象的成因、历史影响以及对当前全球农业和粮食供应可能造成的威胁。 【详解】28．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“They warn this could be the most powerful this century, causing extreme weather like droughts and floods that may harm farming and food supplies.(他们警告说，这可能是本世纪最强烈的厄尔尼诺现象，会导致干旱和洪水等极端天气，可能损害农业和粮食供应。)”可知，美国专家担忧的是这次厄尔尼诺现象可能是本世纪最强烈的。 29．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“This cycle occurs every two to seven years and usually peaks around December or January.(这个周期每两到七年发生一次，通常在12月或1月左右达到顶峰。)”可知，厄尔尼诺现象是周期性发生的，但周期并不固定。 30．主旨大意题。根据文章第三段“History offers serious lessons. In 1877, a strong El Niño caused terrible droughts across Asia, Brazil, and northern Africa, leading to famines (饥荒) that killed over 50 million people. The 2023-2024 El Niño — among the five strongest — made 2024 the hottest year and worsened food shortages in southern Africa, where farmers depend on rainfall.(历史留下了惨痛的教训。1877年，一次强烈的厄尔尼诺现象在亚洲、巴西以及北非地区引发严重干旱，进而造成饥荒，致使超5000万人丧生。2023至2024年的厄尔尼诺现象位列史上最强五次之列，不仅让2024年成为有记录以来最热的一年，还加剧了南部非洲的粮食短缺问题，而该地区的农民完全依靠降雨开展农业生产。)”可知，第三段主要讲述了厄尔尼诺现象在历史上造成的各种灾难。 31．推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“Some governments have plans like planting earlier or importing more, but these may not protect small farmers who depend on selling crops. As one expert notes, policies may ensure “enough food,” but they won’t take care of the growers.(一些政府已出台提前播种、增加粮食进口等应对措施，但这些举措可能无法保护以售卖农作物为生的小农户。有专家指出，相关政策或许能保障粮食总量充足，却无法惠及辛苦耕种的农户群体。)”可知，尽管有宏观政策保障粮食供应，但小农户依然无法得到妥善的保护，可推理出小农户仍将面临经济困难。 （本题10分） The Dongting Lake is located in northeastern Hunan, China. And it ranks as the second largest freshwater lake in China, following the Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. This large and shallow lake is a flood-basin of the Yangtze River. And the provinces of Hubei and Hunan are named after their location relative to the lake: Hubei means “North of the Lake” and Hunan means “South of the Lake” in Chinese. The Dongting Lake spreads wide on an area of 1, 300 square kilometers. According to geologists, the lake area used to be part of an ancient anticline (背斜) in south of the Yangtze River, but fell in a rupture (断裂) during the movement of Mount Yanshan 70 million years ago and became a lake. The area is well-known in Chinese history and literature. Dragon boat racing is said to have begun on the eastern shores of the Dongting Lake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan, the Chu poet, and a dragon-king is said to live at the bottom of the lake. ★The Dongting Lake is also famous for historical scenic spots on the lakefront, which include the Yueyang Pavilion, Junshan Mountain, Tomb of Du Fu, Wen Temple, and Longzhou Academy. At present, tourists can still enjoy five famous sights out of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, namely the Autumn Moon on Dongting, Returned Sail from Faraway Riverside, Wild Gooses Settle on the Smooth Sand, Sunset Glow over Fishing Village, and Snow Curtain Hanging over the River Sky. Moreover, the Ten Shadows of the Dongting Lake are also attractive sights. The East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve is one of China’s 30 important wetlands listed in the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Every year, 217 species of migratory birds under state protection live through the winter here, such as white storks, white cranes, gray cranes and egrets (白鹭) , It will be a great fun if tourists take a boat tour of the lake to observe birds, listen to the waves, go fishing and taste delicious fish dishes in the nature reserve. 32．(2.5分)What do we know about the Dongting Lake? A．It contains the largest quantities of freshwater in China. B．It serves as the border of provinces of Hubei and Hunan. C．It provides a rich source of water for the Yangtze River. D．It lies not far from the Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. 33．(2.5分)Why does the author mention Mount Yanshan in the text? A．To explain the geological formation of the Dongting Lake. B．To tell the lake’s fame in Chinese history and literature. C．To introduce the origin of dragon boat racing on the lake. D．To research on the legends connected with the huge lake. 34．(2.5分)What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Famous scholars found the lake a comfortable place to live. B．People were creative to name the scenic spots with imagination. C．There were crowds of tourists visiting the lake centuries ago. D．The historical relics make the Dongting Lake more fascinating. 35．(2.5分)What can be the best title of the text? A．Legendary Stories about the Dongting Lake. B．Wildlife Reserves around the Dongting Lake. C．Poems and Essays about the Dongting Lake. D．General Introduction of the Dongting Lake. 【答案】32．B 33．A 34．D 35．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文。洞庭湖是中国第二大淡水湖，地质形成独特，历史文化底蕴深厚，景点众多，自然保护区生态丰富，极具魅力。 【详解】32．细节理解题。根据第一段“And the provinces of Hubei and Hunan are named after their location relative to the lake: Hubei means “North of the Lake” and Hunan means “South of the Lake” in Chinese. (湖北和湖南两省因其相对于该湖的位置而得名：在汉语中，湖北意为“湖之北”，湖南意为“湖之南”。)”可知，洞庭湖是湖北和湖南两省的边界标志。故选B项。 33．细节理解题。根据第二段“According to geologists, the lake area used to be part of an ancient anticline (背斜) in south of the Yangtze River, but fell in a rupture (断裂) during the movement of Mount Yanshan 70 million years ago and became a lake. (地质学家称，该湖区曾是长江以南一个古老背斜的一部分，但在7000万年前燕山运动期间发生断裂下陷，形成了湖泊。)”可知，作者提及燕山是为了解释洞庭湖的地质形成过程。故选A项。 34．推理判断题。根据第三段“The Dongting Lake is also famous for historical scenic spots on the lakefront, which include the Yueyang Pavilion, Junshan Mountain, Tomb of Du Fu, Wen Temple, and Longzhou Academy. (洞庭湖还以湖畔的历史景点闻名，包括岳阳楼、君山、杜甫墓、文庙和龙洲书院。)”以及后文对景点的描述可知，这些历史遗迹使洞庭湖更具吸引力。故选D项。 35．主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段介绍洞庭湖的位置、地位及与两湖的关系，第二段讲其面积、地质形成及历史文化背景，第三段描述历史景点，第四段介绍自然保护区。文章是对洞庭湖的全面介绍，所以D选项“洞庭湖概况”符合文章大意，适合作标题。故选D项。 （本题12.5分）We’re told to buy environmentally friendly cars and change the old electrical items in our home. But what if you’re a teenager and not in control of such things? Worse — your parents have more important things to worry about than global warming (全球变暖). 36(2.5分) But you’re completely wrong; there are many things you can do. Take a shower instead of a bath.When taking a shower, don’t use too much time. Try to keep it below 10 minutes. 37(2.5分) Make it a kind of game, trying to beat your old “score” every time you take a shower. 38(2.5分) For example, buy recyclable pens that could be filled with ink (油墨) rather than pens that get thrown away after being used. If you have papers, bottles or whatever, don’t throw them away. Instead, send them to the recycling company in your area. Talk about pollution and global warming with your parents. 39(2.5分) They wouldn’t mind a few suggestions every now and again. So be patient and influence them gradually. Then you might find they will be interested in living a green life. Haven’t got any ideas for your birthday presents? 40(2.5分) Recycled notebooks or solar-powered chargers...There are lots of useful and green things you can buy. And there will be an added warm feeling on your birthday. A．Consider a green idea. B．You don’t use so much energy. C．Try buying things that could be recycled. D．Don’t turn the heat all the way up，either. E．You might think as a teen，you can’t do much to help. F．Many adults don’t care about environmental protection. G．Don’t push them to be greener because that may make them angry. 【答案】36．E 37．D 38．C 39．G 40．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了青少年如何能够为保护环境出一份力。 【详解】36．结合上文的“But what if you’re a teenager and not in control of such things?(但是，如果你是一个十几岁的孩子，却不能控制这些事情呢？)”和本空后的“But you’re completely wrong; there are many things you can do.(但你完全错了；你可以做很多事情)”可知，本空应为青少年的一种错误想法。由此可知，E项“You might think as a teen,you can’t do much to help.(作为一名青少年，你也许认为自己对保护环境起不了太大作用)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选E。 37．从本段的主题句“Take a shower instead of a bath.(淋浴而不是盆浴)”可知，本段介绍的是如何洗澡更环保，故本句内容应与另一个能节省能源的洗澡方法有关。由此可知，D项“Don’t turn the heat all the way up,either.(也不要把热度一度提高)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 38．根据后面的“buy recyclable pens.(购买可回收笔)”和“send them to the recycling company.(把它们送到回收公司)”可知，本段的主旨是建议我们购买可循环利用的物品。由此可知，C“Try buying things that could be recycled.(试着买一些可以回收的东西)”适合作本段主题句。故选C。 39．根据空后的“They wouldn’t mind a few suggestions every now and again. So be patient and influence them gradually.(他们不会介意时不时地暗示几句。所以要有耐心并逐渐影响他们)”可推知,空格处是建议我们不要强迫父母变得环保。由此可知，G“Don’t push them to be greener because that may make them angry.(不要强迫他们更环保，因为这可能会让他们生气)”能够衔接下文。故选G。 40．结合本段的首句“Haven’t got any ideas for your birthday presents?(对你的生日礼物没有任何想法吗？)”和空后的“Recycled notebooks or solar-powered chargers…(回收笔记本电脑或太阳能充电器……)”可知，空格处建议我们买生日礼物时可以考虑一些环保的想法。由此可知，A“Consider a green idea.(考虑一个绿色的想法)”能够承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Rock climbing is a sport that includes using ropes and other equipment to climb up a rock face, either outdoors or an artificial one indoors. Luca, who is 17, enjoys outdoor 41 because it’s a chance to interact with the environment. He’s been researching how his 42 impacts nature since he was 14 and wants to promote 43 rock climbing. “In other words, climbing in a way that keeps the same outdoor 44 usable for the next 20 years,” he says. The 45 people climb are home to lots of plants and birds, and when climbers make their way up, they can 46 nests (鸟巢) and ecosystems (communities of living things) unintentionally. Luca says he 47 damage when he saw the 48 between climbing paths and the rock next to it. “One was green, and the other was 49 empty,” he says. Every outdoor climber can 50 , though, Luca tells The Week Junior. He advises following marked paths, 51 wildlife and leaving no mark. This 52 ensuring you don’t leave litter or equipment behind. Luca began rock climbing through a school club and now 53 climbing in the UK and abroad, including Spain. His 54 for anyone wanting to try climbing is: “Have as much fun as possible and 55 that your rock climbing does not cause any damage to the environment.” 41．(1分)A．hiking B．cycling C．skiing D．climbing 42．(1分)A．hobby B．word C．decision D．routine 43．(1分)A．pleasant B．challenging C．eco-friendly D．anti-waste 44．(1分)A．tools B．paths C．resources D．courts 45．(1分)A．walls B．rocks C．trees D．mountains 46．(1分)A．explore B．rebuild C．attack D．damage 47．(1分)A．replaced B．missed C．spotted D．located 48．(1分)A．difference B．connection C．distance D．similarity 49．(1分)A．gradually B．relatively C．recently D．hardly 50．(1分)A．understand B．survive C．progress D．help 51．(1分)A．feeding B．attracting C．respecting D．ignoring 52．(1分)A．means B．explains C．promises D．proves 53．(1分)A．stops B．avoids C．imagines D．enjoys 54．(1分)A．demand B．advice C．permission D．encouragement 55．(1分)A．make sure B．figure out C．check through D．hold true 【答案】 41．D 42．A 43．C 44．B 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D 51．C 52．A 53．D 54．B 55．A 【导语】文章介绍了17岁攀岩爱好者Luca倡导环保攀岩，讲述攀岩对自然的破坏、他的发现与环保建议，传递人与自然和谐共处的理念。 【详解】41．考查名词。句意：17岁的Luca喜欢户外攀岩，因为这是一个接触自然的机会。A. hiking远足；B. cycling骑行；C. skiing滑雪；D. climbing攀岩。根据后文“rock climbing”可知，他喜欢攀岩运动。 42．考查名词。句意：他从14岁起就一直在研究自己的爱好如何影响自然，他想推广环保型攀岩。A. hobby爱好；B. word单词；C. decision决定；D. routine常规。根据前文“Luca, who is 17, enjoys outdoor ”可知，攀岩是他的爱好。 43．考查形容词。句意同上。A. pleasant愉快的；B. challenging有挑战的；C. eco-friendly环保的；D. anti-waste反浪费的。根据后文“climbing in a way that keeps the same outdoor usable for the next 20 years”，体现了他的环保攀岩理念。 44．考查名词。句意：他说：“换句话说，以一种能让户外路径在未来 20 年仍可使用的方式攀岩。”A. tools工具；B. paths路径；C. resources资源；D. courts场地。根据后文“climbing paths” 可知，此处提及攀岩路径，是信息词paths的词汇复现。 45．考查名词。句意：人们攀爬的岩石是许多植物和鸟类的家园，攀岩者向上攀爬时，会无意间破坏鸟巢和生态系统（生物群落）。A. walls墙壁；B. rocks岩石；C. trees树木；D. mountains山脉。根据前文“climb up a rock face”及后文“people climb are home to lots of plants and birds”可知，人们攀爬的岩石是许多植物和鸟类的家园。 46．考查动词。句意同上。A. explore探索；B. rebuild重建；C. attack攻击；D. damage破坏。根据后文“damage”及“your rock climbing does not cause any damage to the environment”可知，攀岩对生态的负面影响，会破坏鸟巢。 47．考查动词。句意：Luca说，当他看到攀岩路径与旁边岩石的差异时，发现了这种破坏。A. replaced替代；B. missed错过；C. spotted发现；D. located定位。根据后文“One was green, and the other was empty”描述他看到“一边绿、一边光秃”的对比，可知，他发现了破坏现象。 48．考查名词。句意同上。A. difference差异；B. connection联系；C. distance距离；D. similarity相似。根据后文“One was green, and the other was empty”可知，攀岩路径与旁边岩石存在明显差异。 49．考查副词。句意：他说：“一边是绿色的，另一边相对光秃秃的。”A. gradually逐渐地；B. relatively相对地；C. recently最近；D. hardly几乎不。根据前文“between climbing paths and the rock next to it”及“ One was green”可知，攀岩路径与旁边岩石存在差异，旁边岩石绿意盎然，攀岩路径就相对植被稀少。 50．考查动词。句意：不过Luca告诉《青少年周刊》，每个户外攀岩者都可以提供帮助。A. understand理解；B. survive生存；C. progress进步；D. help帮助。根据后文 “He advises following marked paths”可知，攀岩者可通过行动助力环保。 51．考查动词。句意：他建议遵循标记路径、尊重野生动物、不留痕迹。A. feeding喂养；B. attracting吸引；C. respecting尊重；D. ignoring忽视。根据前文“wants to promote rock climbing”及后文“wildlife”可知，环保理念下对野生动物应是“尊重”。 52．考查动词。句意：这意味着确保不留下垃圾或装备。A. means意味着；B. explains解释；C. promises承诺；D. proves证明。根据前文“leaving no mark”可知，后文是对该短语的具体解释，“意味着”符合逻辑。 53．考查动词。句意：Luca通过学校俱乐部开始攀岩，现在喜欢在英国和国外（包括西班牙）攀岩。A. stops停止；B. avoids避免；C. imagines想象；D. enjoys喜欢。根据前文“enjoys outdoor ”可知，此处表示他对攀岩的喜爱。 54．考查名词。句意：他给所有想尝试攀岩的人的建议是：尽可能享受乐趣，并确保你的攀岩活动不会对环境造成任何破坏。A. demand要求；B. advice建议；C. permission许可；D. encouragement鼓励。根据后文“Have as much fun as possible and that your rock climbing does not cause any damage to the environment.”可知，这是给想尝试攀岩的人的建议。 55．考查动词短语。句意同上。A. make sure确保；B. figure out弄清楚；C. check through核查；D. hold true适用。根据后文“your rock climbing does not cause any damage to the environment”可知，此处强调 “保证不破坏环境”。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 56(1.5分) scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution — the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 57(1.5分) was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 58(1.5分) (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 59(1.5分) (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he rented sandy land in Yulin, determined 60(1.5分) (make) something grow. His early experiments with grapes and date trees ended in 61(1.5分) (fail), drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance led him to shift his focus 62(1.5分) apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he, 63(1.5分) (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 64(1.5分) brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known for its vast 65(1.5分) (stretch) of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. 【答案】 56．a 57．what 58．has expanded/has been expanded 59．harvested 60．to make 61．failure 62．to 63．eventually 64．and 65．stretches 【导语】文章主要讲述了陕西苹果种植带向北扩展至毛乌素沙漠的农业变革。 【详解】56．考查冠词。句意：这是一个二十年前难以想象的丰收景象。scene为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且scene的发音以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 57．考查宾语从句。句意：这场转变是一场悄然发生的农业革命的一部分——陕西省苹果带向北推进，延伸数百公里，进入昔日荒芜的沙漠地带。空处引导宾语从句，作介词into的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的地方”，应用连接代词what。 58．考查动词时态和语态。句意：近年来，种植区不断向北扩展，一直延伸至毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每收获四个苹果中就有一个来自陕西。根据时间状语In recent years可知，应用现在完成时；主语the planting zone与expand之间可构成主动或被动关系，主语为单数，助动词用has。 59．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，种植区不断向北扩展，一直延伸至毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每收获四个苹果中就有一个来自陕西。空处作后置定语修饰apples，apples与harvest之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词harvested作后置定语。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年退休后，他在榆林租了沙地，决心种出点什么。be determined to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”。 61．考查名词。句意：他早期尝试种植葡萄和枣树均以失败告终，引来邻居的嘲笑。空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词形式。fail是动词，其名词形式是failure，表示“失败”。 62．考查介词。句意：然而，张的坚持不懈使他将重心转向苹果。shift...to...为固定搭配，意为“将……转移到……”。 63．考查副词。句意：经过多年的反复试验，如今他最终开创了沙地种植技术，通过电商增加销量，并将他们的沙地苹果推向了全国市场。空处修饰动词pioneered，应用副词作状语。eventual是形容词，其副词形式是eventually，表示“最终”。 64．考查连词。句意：经过多年的反复试验，如今他最终开创了沙地种植技术，通过电商增加销量，并将他们的沙地苹果推向了全国市场。pioneered、increased和brought三个动作之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。 65．考查名词复数。句意：毛乌素沙漠曾以其广袤连绵的流动沙丘而闻名，如今正在变绿。stretch表示“一片（土地或水域）”时为可数名词，其前有vast修饰，且根据句意，沙丘是多片区域，应用复数形式stretches作宾语。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假设你是李华，你市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： 1. 该地方的介绍（如地理位置、文化、景点等等，但不要写出所在学校真实名称）； 2. 你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：1. 词数不少于80； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: A Beautiful Place in China Nestled in Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is renowned for its towering sandstone pillars. The park’s highlights include the breathtaking Tianzi Mountain and Yuntiandu Glass Bridge, offering a thrilling view of the lush valleys below. As a UNESCO World Natural Heritage Site, it also preserves the rich culture of the Tujia ethnic minority. What amazed me most was the surreal landscape shrouded in mist, making the peaks appear like a Chinese ink painting. Though the hikes were challenging, every step rewarded me with awe-inspiring views. Zhangjiajie is not just a destination but a poetic dialogue between nature and imagination. 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题目要求学生以李华的身份，给一英文网站的《最美中华》栏目投稿，介绍自己喜欢或去过的地方，需在介绍该地基本信息的基础上，分享对该地的印象和感受。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 有名的：renowned→well-known, famous 高耸的：towering→sky-high 令人惊叹的：breathtaking→awesome, amazing 有挑战性的：challenging→demanding 2. 句式拓展 升级为倒装句 原句：Though the hikes were challenging, every step rewarded me with awe-inspiring views. 拓展句：Challenging though/as the hikes were, every step rewarded me with awe-inspiring views. 【点睛】[高分句型1] Nestled in Hunan Province, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is renowned for its towering sandstone pillars. (运用了过去分词短语作状语) [高分句型2] What amazed me most was the surreal landscape shrouded in mist, making the peaks appear like a Chinese ink painting. (运用了What引导主语从句、现在分词短语作状语) 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Unexpected Hike It was a sunny weekend, and a group of high-school students from Class 10, led by their enthusiastic teacher Mr. Brown, set out for a hiking trip in the nearby mountains. Among them were Alex, a curious and adventurous boy, and his reserved but intelligent classmate, Maya. Everyone was in high spirits, chatting and laughing as they walked along the well-marked trail. As they hiked deeper into the mountains, the beautiful scenery around them was breathtaking. Lush green trees towered above, and colorful wildflowers dotted the path. The students stopped occasionally to take pictures, trying to capture the beauty of nature. Alex, always eager to explore, would run ahead a little, then wait impatiently for the rest of the group. After a few hours of hiking, they reached a fork in the trail. Mr. Brown, checking the map, told the students that the left path would lead them to a magnificent waterfall, while the right one would take them back to the starting point. Most of the students voted to go left and see the waterfall. However, Maya, who had been quietly observing the weather, noticed some dark clouds gathering in the distance. She worried that a storm might be approaching and suggested they return. But her voice was drowned out by the excited chatter of her classmates, and they decided to continue on the left path. As they got closer to the waterfall, the sound of rushing water grew louder. Just as they were about to reach their destination, large raindrops began to fall. In no time, it turned into a heavy downpour. The path, which was muddy to begin with, became slippery and dangerous. The students huddled together, not knowing what to do next. Mr. Brown tried to keep everyone calm, but the situation was getting out of control. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex, who was usually so fearless, now started to feel a bit scared. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Suddenly, Maya remembered something she had learned in a survival course. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Alex, who was usually so fearless, now started to feel a bit scared. The heavy rain made visibility poor, and the strong wind was making the trees sway dangerously. His classmates were also looking around anxiously, their excited expressions replaced by worry. Mr. Brown was trying his best to shield the students from the rain with his coat, but it was of little use. Alex’s teeth chattered as he thought about the possible consequences of getting stuck in this storm. He regretted not listening to Maya’s advice earlier. The path was getting more and more difficult to navigate, with mud making it easy to slip and fall. Some students were on the verge of crying, and the group’s morale was at an all-time low. Suddenly, Maya remembered something she had learned in a survival course. She quickly scanned the area around them and spotted a large overhanging rock not far away. Shouting to get everyone’s attention, she said, “Follow me! We can take shelter under that rock.” Mr. Brown immediately agreed and helped the students move towards the rock. Once they were all safely under the overhang, they were out of the direct rain. Maya then suggested they use some dry leaves and twigs they could find nearby to start a small fire to keep warm. The students, now full of hope, started collecting the materials. With a little effort, they managed to start a fire, and the warm glow gradually lifted their spirits. They waited for the storm to pass, grateful for Maya’s quick thinking and knowledge. 【导语】本文以一次徒步旅行展开，一群高中生在老师带领下进山，到岔路时多数人不顾Maya提醒选去瀑布的路，快到目的地时突降暴雨，情况失控。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“平时无所畏惧的亚历克斯，现在开始感到有点害怕了。”可知，第一段可描写恶劣的天气状况让大家陷入困境，亚历克斯后悔没听玛雅的建议，大家士气低落。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，玛雅想起了她在生存课程中学到的一些东西。”可知，第二段可描写玛雅利用所学知识找到避雨处，还提议生火取暖，大家重新燃起希望。 2. 续写线索：亚历克斯害怕——情况艰难——玛雅想起办法——找到避雨处——生火取暖 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①遮挡：shield/shelter ②建议：suggest/advise ③收集：collect/gather 情绪类 ①焦虑：anxiously/nervously ②充满希望：full of hope/hopeful ③感激的：grateful/thankful 【点睛】[高分句型1] His classmates were also looking around anxiously, their excited expressions replaced by worry.(运用了独立主格结构作伴随状语) [高分句型2] Alex’s teeth chattered as he thought about the possible consequences of getting stuck in this storm.(运用了从属连词as引导时间状语从句) [高分句型3] Once they were all safely under the overhang, they were out of the direct rain.(运用了从属连词once引导时间状语从句) 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试 —— Unit 5 Humans and Nature 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）When did the fire happen? A．Thirty minutes ago. B．Forty minutes ago. C．Sixty minutes ago. 2．（本题1.5分）How can doctors go to the earthquake-stricken area? A．By ship. B．By train. C．By air. 3．（本题1.5分）Which disaster are the speakers experiencing? A．A storm. B．A flood. C．An earthquake. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．A house. B．A storm. C．An accident. 5．（本题1.5分）What was damaged in the storm? A．The car. B．The roof. C．A window. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What does the man suggest doing in an earthquake? A．Going outside. B．Protecting the pet. C．Hiding under something. 7．(1.5分)How old is the man? A．20. B．25. C．30. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1分)How did the woman know the news? A．On TV. B．On the Internet. C．In a newspaper. 9．(1分)Where is the woman’s uncle staying now? A．At home. B．At a friend’s house. C．At a public shelter. 10．(1分)How does the man sound at the end of the conversation? A．Relieved. B．Worried. C．Surprised. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)How high was the Seine River in 1910? A．Around 5 feet high. B．Around 20 feet high. C．Around 28 feet high. 12．(1.5分)What had to get moved to higher floors? A．Many residents. B．Artworks. C．Power equipment. 13．(1.5分)What does the woman want to see the most? A．The Louvre. B．The Eiffel Tower. C．The Musée d’Orsay. （本题6分）听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Friends. B．Mother and son. C．Doctor and patient. 15．(1.5分)What can help prevent flooding according to Mr. Brown? A．Tall houses. B．Big bridges. C．Sea walls. 16．(1.5分)What happened to the man last month? A．His bedroom was flooded. B．His downstairs was flooded. C．His classroom was flooded. 17．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest doing if a house is flooded? A．Calling the police. B．Waiting for help. C．Leaving the house. （本题6分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(2分)What threatens this city most? A．Wildfires. B．Storms. C．Floods. 19．(2分)What was the original purpose of the exhibition? A．To get money donations. B．To grow community art programs. C．To teach others about local issues. 20．(2分)What will the speaker do next? A．Invite others to speak. B．Share more local artworks. C．Present information on disasters. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）The sport of mountain climbing began in 1760, when a young Genevan scientist offered a prize for the first ascent (攀登) of Mont Blanc. Today, that spirit lives on in peaks (山顶) worldwide. Here are some of the best.Ama Dablam At a mere 6,812 meters, Nepal’s Ama Dablam is the third most popular peak in the Himalayas in terms of permitted climbing expeditions. Peak climbing season here is from April to May and September to October. All climbers are required to get a climbing permit and a liaison (联络) officer.Table Mountain Table Mountain is a flat-topped mountain overlooking the city of Cape Town in South Africa. The highest point on Table Mountain is 1,086 meters above sea level. What makes it a fun feature is that, unlike the other mountains on this list, this one can be climbed via a cable car. Hiking up the mountain is also an option.Mount Fuji Located in Japan, Mount Fuji is considered a national symbol and UNESCO World Heritage site. Every year, thousands of hikers make the climb to its summit during the official climbing season. Because of its perfect volcanic cone shape and cultural significance, the 3,776-meter-high Mount Fuji attracts both serious climbers and casual tourists. It is the most climbed mountain in Japan that offers breathtaking sunrise views from its peak.Mount Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro is known as the highest mountain in Africa. Towering at 5,895 meters, it is topped with multiple glaciers and an ice field. Its summit is relatively achievable for almost anyone who is fit in terms of both health and bank balances. Just make sure that you pay attention to your guide’s warning to go slowly. 21．(2.5分)Which of the following is more effort-saving? A．Ama Dablam. B．Mount Fuji. C．Table Mountain. D．Mount Kilimanjaro. 22．(2.5分)What sets Mount Fuji apart from the other mountains? A．It has perfect volcanic shape. B．Climbers must move around it before climbing. C．It has a strictly limited number of climbers every day. D．Climbers need a special climbing permit to climb it. 23．(2.5分)In which part of the website can you find this text? A．Geography. B．Advertisement. C．Lifestyle. D．Travelling. （本题10分）My family lost almost everything in the little-known but worst flood of Louisiana last year. It began raining in mid-August and didn’t stop for days. There was talk that the local rivers were going to crest (到达洪峰) and cause some serious flooding. We lived somewhat close to the Amite River, but old neighbours told us our neighbourhood hadn’t flooded in over 100 years. We thought we had several days to plan on how to shelter. On August 13, I woke up and headed toward the river. Some of the lower areas were collecting water but there was no standing water anywhere near my house or even my neighbourhood. I went back home and told my wife we should probably get some supplies in case this got serious; that maybe we should even pack a car in case we needed to leave though I was very certain there was nothing to worry about. About 30 minutes into slowly packing, my wife’s cousin came and told us to evacuate at once. I looked behind her and noticed my yard underwater and the waterline only about a half- inch from going over my doorstep and into my house. I was floored. We had no time! My wife and I packed up both our cars in about 10 minutes with only our most precious (珍贵的) memories. Everything else we had built during a 10-year marriage was left behind. We evacuated about 5 miles east away from the river to my wife’s grandmother’s. After being there for about an hour, the river was coming. We evacuated a second time in as many hours to her cousin’s house even further east. After only an hour, we found the river was on the way and we had to leave, again. We evacuated three times that day. I drove back through the flooded waters at some point because we left our cat. When I got back to our house, I walked through knee-deep water filled with rubbish and our waterlogged belongings (浸水的财物). Got the cat safely though. 24．(2.5分)Why did the author slowly prepare to leave at first? A．Because there were too many supplies. B．Because he wanted to get his car repaired. C．Because no standing water appeared nearby. D．Because he had to wait for his wife’s cousin. 25．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “floored” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Shocked. B．Confused. C．Satisfied. D．Amazed. 26．(2.5分)Where did the author’s family evacuate to first? A．A safe shelter downtown. B．His parents’ house. C．His wife’s grandmother’s. D．His wife’s cousin’s house. 27．(2.5分)What can be known about the flood? A．It lasted for a month. B．It destroyed many cars. C．It came very slowly. D．It caused much damage. （本题10分）U.S. weather experts have confirmed that the forecasted El Niño (厄尔尼诺) has officially begun. They warn this could be the most powerful this century, causing extreme weather like droughts and floods that may harm farming and food supplies. El Niño is a natural phenomenon that happens again and again, moving warm air and water across the tropical Pacific. Normally, trade winds blow east to west, pushing warm water toward Asia. During El Niño, these winds weaken or the other way round, allowing warm water to move back toward the Americas. This cycle occurs every two to seven years and usually peaks around December or January. The name — Spanish for “little boy” — was named by fishermen who noticed warmer waters near Christmas. History offers serious lessons. In 1877, a strong El Niño caused terrible droughts across Asia, Brazil, and northern Africa, leading to famines (饥荒) that killed over 50 million people. The 2023-2024 El Niño — among the five strongest — made 2024 the hottest year and worsened food shortages in southern Africa, where farmers depend on rainfall. This year, major growing areas are at risk. India may face a weaker monsoon, reducing rice production. Southern Africa could see drier conditions threatening corn, while the southern U.S. may experience flooding that disrupts farming. Scientists are still studying how this El Niño will interact with climate change. Some governments have plans like planting earlier or importing more, but these may not protect small farmers who depend on selling crops. As one expert notes, policies may ensure “enough food,” but they won’t take care of the growers. The final outcome is unclear, but in a warming world, extreme weather is becoming more serious and likely. 28．(2.5分)What is the concern of US experts about El Niño? A．It may be strongest this century. B．It surely causes floods worldwide. C．It has ended very recently. D．It warms only Pacific waters. 29．(2.5分)What can we learn about El Niño in Paragraph 2? A．It is named after a fisherman. B．It is caused by human activities. C．It occurs regularly but not fixed. D．It only influences the ocean’s temperature. 30．(2.5分)What is Paragraph 3 mainly about? A．The worst El Niño in history. B．A new high temperature record. C．El Niño disasters throughout history. D．The food shortage in southern Africa. 31．(2.5分)What can be inferred about small farmers? A．They will still face financial difficulties. B．They will get enough help. C．They will be the only group affected. D．They will try to avoid weather damage. （本题10分） The Dongting Lake is located in northeastern Hunan, China. And it ranks as the second largest freshwater lake in China, following the Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. This large and shallow lake is a flood-basin of the Yangtze River. And the provinces of Hubei and Hunan are named after their location relative to the lake: Hubei means “North of the Lake” and Hunan means “South of the Lake” in Chinese. The Dongting Lake spreads wide on an area of 1, 300 square kilometers. According to geologists, the lake area used to be part of an ancient anticline (背斜) in south of the Yangtze River, but fell in a rupture (断裂) during the movement of Mount Yanshan 70 million years ago and became a lake. The area is well-known in Chinese history and literature. Dragon boat racing is said to have begun on the eastern shores of the Dongting Lake as a search for the body of Qu Yuan, the Chu poet, and a dragon-king is said to live at the bottom of the lake. ★The Dongting Lake is also famous for historical scenic spots on the lakefront, which include the Yueyang Pavilion, Junshan Mountain, Tomb of Du Fu, Wen Temple, and Longzhou Academy. At present, tourists can still enjoy five famous sights out of Eight Views of Xiaoxiang, namely the Autumn Moon on Dongting, Returned Sail from Faraway Riverside, Wild Gooses Settle on the Smooth Sand, Sunset Glow over Fishing Village, and Snow Curtain Hanging over the River Sky. Moreover, the Ten Shadows of the Dongting Lake are also attractive sights. The East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve is one of China’s 30 important wetlands listed in the Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. Every year, 217 species of migratory birds under state protection live through the winter here, such as white storks, white cranes, gray cranes and egrets (白鹭) , It will be a great fun if tourists take a boat tour of the lake to observe birds, listen to the waves, go fishing and taste delicious fish dishes in the nature reserve. 32．(2.5分)What do we know about the Dongting Lake? A．It contains the largest quantities of freshwater in China. B．It serves as the border of provinces of Hubei and Hunan. C．It provides a rich source of water for the Yangtze River. D．It lies not far from the Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province. 33．(2.5分)Why does the author mention Mount Yanshan in the text? A．To explain the geological formation of the Dongting Lake. B．To tell the lake’s fame in Chinese history and literature. C．To introduce the origin of dragon boat racing on the lake. D．To research on the legends connected with the huge lake. 34．(2.5分)What can we infer from the third paragraph? A．Famous scholars found the lake a comfortable place to live. B．People were creative to name the scenic spots with imagination. C．There were crowds of tourists visiting the lake centuries ago. D．The historical relics make the Dongting Lake more fascinating. 35．(2.5分)What can be the best title of the text? A．Legendary Stories about the Dongting Lake. B．Wildlife Reserves around the Dongting Lake. C．Poems and Essays about the Dongting Lake. D．General Introduction of the Dongting Lake. （本题12.5分）We’re told to buy environmentally friendly cars and change the old electrical items in our home. But what if you’re a teenager and not in control of such things? Worse — your parents have more important things to worry about than global warming (全球变暖). 36(2.5分) But you’re completely wrong; there are many things you can do. Take a shower instead of a bath.When taking a shower, don’t use too much time. Try to keep it below 10 minutes. 37(2.5分) Make it a kind of game, trying to beat your old “score” every time you take a shower. 38(2.5分) For example, buy recyclable pens that could be filled with ink (油墨) rather than pens that get thrown away after being used. If you have papers, bottles or whatever, don’t throw them away. Instead, send them to the recycling company in your area. Talk about pollution and global warming with your parents. 39(2.5分) They wouldn’t mind a few suggestions every now and again. So be patient and influence them gradually. Then you might find they will be interested in living a green life. Haven’t got any ideas for your birthday presents? 40(2.5分) Recycled notebooks or solar-powered chargers...There are lots of useful and green things you can buy. And there will be an added warm feeling on your birthday. A．Consider a green idea. B．You don’t use so much energy. C．Try buying things that could be recycled. D．Don’t turn the heat all the way up，either. E．You might think as a teen，you can’t do much to help. F．Many adults don’t care about environmental protection. G．Don’t push them to be greener because that may make them angry. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）Rock climbing is a sport that includes using ropes and other equipment to climb up a rock face, either outdoors or an artificial one indoors. Luca, who is 17, enjoys outdoor 41 because it’s a chance to interact with the environment. He’s been researching how his 42 impacts nature since he was 14 and wants to promote 43 rock climbing. “In other words, climbing in a way that keeps the same outdoor 44 usable for the next 20 years,” he says. The 45 people climb are home to lots of plants and birds, and when climbers make their way up, they can 46 nests (鸟巢) and ecosystems (communities of living things) unintentionally. Luca says he 47 damage when he saw the 48 between climbing paths and the rock next to it. “One was green, and the other was 49 empty,” he says. Every outdoor climber can 50 , though, Luca tells The Week Junior. He advises following marked paths, 51 wildlife and leaving no mark. This 52 ensuring you don’t leave litter or equipment behind. Luca began rock climbing through a school club and now 53 climbing in the UK and abroad, including Spain. His 54 for anyone wanting to try climbing is: “Have as much fun as possible and 55 that your rock climbing does not cause any damage to the environment.” 41．(1分)A．hiking B．cycling C．skiing D．climbing 42．(1分)A．hobby B．word C．decision D．routine 43．(1分)A．pleasant B．challenging C．eco-friendly D．anti-waste 44．(1分)A．tools B．paths C．resources D．courts 45．(1分)A．walls B．rocks C．trees D．mountains 46．(1分)A．explore B．rebuild C．attack D．damage 47．(1分)A．replaced B．missed C．spotted D．located 48．(1分)A．difference B．connection C．distance D．similarity 49．(1分)A．gradually B．relatively C．recently D．hardly 50．(1分)A．understand B．survive C．progress D．help 51．(1分)A．feeding B．attracting C．respecting D．ignoring 52．(1分)A．means B．explains C．promises D．proves 53．(1分)A．stops B．avoids C．imagines D．enjoys 54．(1分)A．demand B．advice C．permission D．encouragement 55．(1分)A．make sure B．figure out C．check through D．hold true 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 56(1.5分) scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution — the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 57(1.5分) was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 58(1.5分) (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 59(1.5分) (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he rented sandy land in Yulin, determined 60(1.5分) (make) something grow. His early experiments with grapes and date trees ended in 61(1.5分) (fail), drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance led him to shift his focus 62(1.5分) apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he, 63(1.5分) (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 64(1.5分) brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known for its vast 65(1.5分) (stretch) of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假设你是李华，你市为外国友人提供生活信息的某英文网站新增了《最美中华》栏目，请你给该栏目投稿，介绍一个你喜欢或去过的地方。内容包括： 1. 该地方的介绍（如地理位置、文化、景点等等，但不要写出所在学校真实名称）； 2. 你对该地方的印象和感受。 注意：1. 词数不少于80； 2. 可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯。 A Beautiful Place in China ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Unexpected Hike It was a sunny weekend, and a group of high-school students from Class 10, led by their enthusiastic teacher Mr. Brown, set out for a hiking trip in the nearby mountains. Among them were Alex, a curious and adventurous boy, and his reserved but intelligent classmate, Maya. Everyone was in high spirits, chatting and laughing as they walked along the well-marked trail. As they hiked deeper into the mountains, the beautiful scenery around them was breathtaking. Lush green trees towered above, and colorful wildflowers dotted the path. The students stopped occasionally to take pictures, trying to capture the beauty of nature. Alex, always eager to explore, would run ahead a little, then wait impatiently for the rest of the group. After a few hours of hiking, they reached a fork in the trail. Mr. Brown, checking the map, told the students that the left path would lead them to a magnificent waterfall, while the right one would take them back to the starting point. Most of the students voted to go left and see the waterfall. However, Maya, who had been quietly observing the weather, noticed some dark clouds gathering in the distance. She worried that a storm might be approaching and suggested they return. But her voice was drowned out by the excited chatter of her classmates, and they decided to continue on the left path. As they got closer to the waterfall, the sound of rushing water grew louder. Just as they were about to reach their destination, large raindrops began to fall. In no time, it turned into a heavy downpour. The path, which was muddy to begin with, became slippery and dangerous. The students huddled together, not knowing what to do next. Mr. Brown tried to keep everyone calm, but the situation was getting out of control. 注意： 1．续写词数应为150左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Alex, who was usually so fearless, now started to feel a bit scared. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: Suddenly, Maya remembered something she had learned in a survival course. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 2 / 2 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $